JP2002177248A - Habitable room environment assessment method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To objectively assess the amenity of a habitable room based on visual factors by measuring vital reactions of a person in the habitable room. SOLUTION: A subject is guided to the wholly-interior-finished habitable room to be assessed, one or more central neuron activity indices of the intracerebral blood of the subject such as change in oxygenated hemoglobin concentration, change in deoxygenated hemoglobin concentration, and change in total hemoglobin concentration are sequentially measured, and the amenity of the habitable room is assessed based on the results. Besides it, it is desirable to measure the autonomic nerve action indices of the subject such as systolic blood pressure, diastolic pressure, and pulse. A case where the total hemoglobin concentration increases and the systolic blood pressure becomes in the declining inclination is favorably correlated with a case where the subject feels comfortable so that when the measured values show such states, it can be assessed that the subject feels it comfortable.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for evaluating the environment in a living room in a house or office, and more particularly to a method for evaluating the comfort that a person in a living room visually recognizes.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art The environment in a living room of a building for a house or an office includes air quality such as temperature, humidity, and air cleanliness, vibration, and the like.
It is influenced by external factors such as noise, the interior condition of the room, the type of building material used for the interior, and the like. Of these, air quality, vibration, noise, and the like can be evaluated to some extent by physical measurement values, and regulated values and desirable numerical values are indicated by standards of ministries and agencies, regulations of organizations, and the like.

[0003]

However, visually perceived factors such as the condition of the interior, for example, the colors and materials of walls, ceilings and floors, and how to combine them are evaluated by physical numerical values. It is difficult to do so, and a highly subjective evaluation of whether a person in the living room feels comfortable or uncomfortable varies greatly depending on individual likes and dislikes. For this reason, there is no clear standard for those who design the interior of the living room, and the designer may be confused or rely on the designer's subjective judgment. Therefore, the designed interior may not be comfortable for a person using the living room. On the other hand, it is possible to investigate in advance the subjective judgment of the person using the living room based on the building material sample or model room, etc., but the subjective judgment is poorly certain and the person making the judgment may get lost. Can also often occur.

The invention according to the present application has been made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and an object of the invention is to measure a living body reaction of a person in a living room based on visual factors. To provide an objective evaluation method.

[0005]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, a subject is guided into a living room to be evaluated, which is fully decorated, and oxygen in blood in the brain of the subject is provided. It is characterized by continuously measuring one or more of the central nervous activity indicators including changes in deoxygenated hemoglobin concentration, changes in deoxygenated hemoglobin concentration, and changes in total hemoglobin concentration, and evaluating the comfort of the living room based on the measurement results. Provide a living room environment evaluation method.

In such a living room environment evaluation method, the subject visually grasps the state of the interior of the living room and the central nervous activity index such as the blood flow in the brain fluctuates in response to this. By continuously measuring the amount of change, it is possible to determine whether the subject feels comfortable or uncomfortable. Therefore, it can be determined whether or not the specific interior of the living room used for the measurement is comfortable for the subject, and by performing the measurement on a plurality of subjects, the interior is comfortable for many people. It is also possible to determine whether or not it is.

The invention according to claim 2 is the living room environment evaluation method according to claim 1, wherein the central nervous activity index and the autonomic nervous activity index including the subject's systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and pulse rate are measured. One or two or more are measured continuously.

Autonomic nervous activity indices such as blood pressure and pulse rate vary depending on whether the user feels comfortable or uncomfortable. In the above method, since these are continuously measured and used in combination with the central nervous activity index, it is possible to more accurately determine the comfort felt by the subject.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the living room environment evaluation method according to the first or second aspect, the subject is guided into the room to be evaluated while sitting in a wheelchair.

In this method, the subject is guided into the living room to be evaluated without moving his / her body, so that the influence of exercise on the central nervous activity index and the autonomic nervous activity index can be eliminated. Therefore, it is possible to accurately measure a reaction caused by visually grasping the state of the interior of the living room.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the living room environment evaluation method according to the first or second aspect, the subject is guided into the evaluation target living room with the eyes closed, and the continuous measurement is started. After confirming the stability of the measured value, the eye is opened, and the measurement is continued for a predetermined time.

In this method, the subject is guided into the room to be evaluated with the eyes closed, and the central nervous activity index or the autonomic nervous activity index is measured without providing visual information in the living room. Can be confirmed. Then, by opening the eyes, the state of the living room becomes visual information and appears in the biological reaction of the subject, and this biological reaction is measured.
Therefore, by comparing the measured values before and after opening the eye, other factors can be eliminated, and only the response to the visual stimulus obtained in the living room can be accurately measured.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the living room environment evaluation method according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, the central nervous activity index is a change in blood hemoglobin concentration in brain tissue; Wavelength from 700nm to 1500
It is assumed that near-infrared light of about nm is irradiated into the brain, the light that has passed through is detected, and the change in hemoglobin concentration is estimated from a change in absorbance based on the light absorption characteristics of hemoglobin.

[0014] Near-infrared light having a wavelength of about 700 nm to 1500 nm has high transparency to living tissue, and can pass through the brain. Then, when the light passes through a living body, light in a specific frequency region is absorbed by hemoglobin.
By measuring the change in absorbance, the change in the concentration of hemoglobin in the living body can be estimated.

[0015]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing, over time, schematic steps of a living room environment evaluation method according to an embodiment of the present invention. In this method, a subject is guided into a living room with interior decoration, and a biological reaction of the subject when visually recognizing the state of the living room is measured. The implementer of the evaluation method places the subject in a wheelchair, attaches a terminal device for measurement to the body of the subject, and guides the subject into the living room to be evaluated.

When the subject is guided to a predetermined position in the living room, the practitioner leaves the room and starts measuring a biological reaction. The biological response is expressed as cerebral hemodynamics as central nervous activity indicators, that is, changes in oxygenated hemoglobin concentration, changes in deoxygenated hemoglobin concentration, changes in total hemoglobin concentration, and changes in systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and pulse as autonomic nervous activity indicators. It appears in the number change. These are measured continuously every second. After starting the above measurement and confirming that the index is in a stable state, measurement is further performed for 30 seconds.

Thereafter, the subject is opened according to the instruction of the practitioner. At this time, the subject visually recognizes the state of the living room for the first time, and continues measurement for another 90 seconds. Upon completion of the measurement of the eye-opened state, the measurement of the biological reaction is completed, and thereafter, the subject is asked to fill out a questionnaire as shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 3, the apparatus used for measuring the above-mentioned biological reaction includes a terminal device 2 which is mounted on a general wheelchair 1 or a special wheelchair and which is attached to a finger of a subject to detect blood pressure and pulse rate. And a terminal device 3 attached to the subject's head to detect a change in cerebral blood dynamics. These terminal devices are connected to the measuring instrument main body 5 directly or via the terminal 4, and control of the measuring operation and recording of the measured values are performed by the measuring instrument main body 5.

The change in cerebral hemodynamics, which is an index of central nervous activity, is measured according to the following principle. Near infrared light (wavelength from 700 nm to 1) from terminal device 3 attached to the head
(500 nm) into the brain to detect light transmitted through the brain tissue. Near-infrared light has higher transparency to living tissue than the visible light region, and can transmit through the skull. And
Hemoglobin contained in blood has a characteristic absorption band in the near infrared region for oxygenation and deoxygenation. Therefore, the change in the cerebral hemodynamics can be measured by measuring the change in absorbance in this absorption band. Examples of measuring devices that can be used for this measurement include OM-100 series manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation, NIRO series manufactured by Hamamatsu Photonics, MCPD-1000 manufactured by Otsuka Electronics, and N
There is an IR-1000 series.

On the other hand, blood pressure and pulse rate, which are indexes of autonomic nervous activity, are determined by FINAPARTERIAL.
PRESure) method. This method
The blood pressure is continuously measured using a finger. The terminal device 2 used for measurement includes a plethysmogram composed of a combination of a light emitting diode and a light receiver, and a blood pressure cuff for supplying air to adjust the size of an artery.

In the measurement, first, the cuff pressure is increased, and the change in the amount of received light is observed by the above-mentioned plethysmogram to find a cuff pressure at which the variation in the thickness of the blood vessel becomes maximum. This cuff pressure becomes the average blood pressure. This cuff pressure is readjusted every fixed pulse rate. Next, based on the cuff pressure, the cuff pressure is servo-controlled instantaneously so that the blood vessel thickness is constant, and the systolic blood pressure (systolic blood pressure) and the diastolic blood pressure (diastolic blood pressure) are determined from the change in the pressure. Measure continuously. According to this method, it is possible to instantaneously display a systolic blood pressure, a diastolic blood pressure, an average blood pressure, and a pulse rate and to display a trend graph. By using analysis software, it is possible to perform frequency analysis by FFT (Fast Fourier Transform) processing. is there.

The result of the above-described measurement is used to compare the measured value at rest (average for 10 seconds before eye opening) with the measured value after eye opening before the eyes of the subject are opened, so that the state of the living room can be determined. The reaction when visually recognized can be extracted, and the effect of the visual environment of the living room on the subject can be evaluated. In other words, the subject is guided to the living room in a resting state, and the effects of exercise and the like are eliminated, and the living body reaction is compared between the closed-eye state and the open-eye state with the added visual stimulus. It can be considered that only the response due to the visual stimulus is detected.

Next, a description will be given of an experiment in which the above-described measurement was actually performed and the living room environment was evaluated. In the experiment, a plurality of rooms having exactly the same size, shape, position of the opening, and arrangement of furniture were manufactured, and a plurality of subjects were sequentially guided to each of these rooms, and the above measurement was performed. As shown in FIG. 4, each of the plurality of rooms to be evaluated has two entrances 1
1 and 12 and two windows 13 and 14, and a sofa 15, a table 16, and a plant 17 of the same shape are placed. However, the interior is different, and as shown in FIG. 5, the proportions of the interior surface using wood material are set to 0%, 45%, and 90%, respectively. In other words, in the room where the wood material is 0%, the ceiling and the walls are decorated with a cloth and the carpet is laid on the floor. On the other hand, in the rooms where the wood material is 45% or 90%, the floor surface is finished with wood, and the wall surface is also in a predetermined range, and a board material with a good grain is used. Further, in a room made of 90% wood material, a plate material is used for the entire ceiling.

The windows in these rooms are all shielded by curtains so that the outdoor scenery is not affected. Then, the subject is guided to a position where almost the entire room can be seen and the measurement is performed. In addition to the above three rooms, a room made of 40% wood material was also prepared, and each subject first measured in this room, but the measured values in this room were not used for evaluation. And This is to eliminate the influence of the order of the room in which the measurement is performed on the measurement value as the subject becomes familiar.

Next, the result of the above measurement will be described.
FIG. 6 shows the change in the total hemoglobin concentration before and after opening the eyes when the ratio of the wood material (indoor wood ratio) in the interior surface of the living room is 0%, 45%, and 90%. The eye is open at the time scale of 0 second, and the value after opening the eye is the amount of change (μM:
(Micromolar concentration). In this figure, the average value of the measured values for 10 subjects (the number of subjects n = 10) is indicated by a broken line, and the standard error is indicated by a vertical line. Also, the star is
When the risk factor P is defined as P <0.01 or P <0.05, a significant time difference is indicated at the measurement time point. The values of total hemoglobin show an increasing tendency in any of the cases where the indoor wood ratio is 0%, 45%, and 90%, but no remarkable difference due to the difference in the indoor wood ratio is observed.

On the other hand, FIGS. 7 and 8 show the measured values in the room evaluated as “particularly comfortable” and the measured values in the room evaluated as “neither” based on the subjective evaluation of the subject. It shows the results of classification and tabulation irrespective of the wood ratio. As shown in FIG. 7, the measurement values in the room evaluated by the subject as “particularly comfortable” indicate that the total hemoglobin value and the oxyhemoglobin value markedly after the eyes are opened in both the left frontal region and the right frontal region. It has increased.
On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 8, the measured values in the room evaluated by the subject as “neither” did not show any remarkable change in either the value of total hemoglobin or the value of oxyhemoglobin. . The systolic blood pressure is shown in FIG.
As shown in the figure, the measured value of the room evaluated as “particularly comfortable” by the subject shows a tendency to decrease after the eye opening. On the other hand, there is almost no change in the measured value of the room evaluated by the subject as “neither”.

From the results of the above experiments, the following can be considered. The difference in the wood ratio in the living room alone is not likely to cause a significant difference in the biological response of the subject, but a good correlation between the subject's subjective evaluation (preference) and changes in cerebral hemodynamics and systolic blood pressure. Show. That is, when the subject feels "comfortable", the value of total hemoglobin and the value of oxyhemoglobin significantly increase, and the systolic blood pressure decreases. Therefore, the visually perceived environment of the living room can be evaluated from the measured values of changes in cerebral hemodynamics and blood pressure, and a more comprehensive evaluation can be performed by comparing with the subjective evaluation of the subject. .

[0028]

As described above, in the living room environment evaluation method according to the present invention, the subject's central nervous activity index, such as a change in oxygenated hemoglobin concentration, a change in deoxygenated hemoglobin concentration, and a change in total hemoglobin concentration, is measured. It is possible to objectively evaluate the environment of the living room visually recognized by the user. In addition, comprehensive evaluation can be performed by additionally measuring autonomic nervous activity indices such as systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and pulse rate. Further, by performing such an evaluation method, at the time of designing a building, it is possible to grasp the interior that a resident or a living room user or the like feels comfortable and to perform a design reflecting the interior. Further, when the measured value of the central nervous activity index or the like does not match the subjective preference, it is possible to take measures such as reevaluation and the like, and a more appropriate design is possible.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing, over time, schematic steps of a living room environment evaluation method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a questionnaire for obtaining a subjective evaluation of a room by a subject.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a biological reaction measurement device that can be used in the living room environment evaluation method according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a plan view of a living room used for experimental execution of a living room environment evaluation method according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the state of the interior of a living room used for a test implementation of the living room environment evaluation method according to the present invention.

6 is a diagram showing measured values of changes in cerebral hemodynamics obtained using the rooms shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, classified by room.

FIG. 7 is a diagram extracting and showing measured values of a room evaluated as “particularly comfortable” by a subject from measured values of changes in cerebral hemodynamics obtained using the rooms shown in FIGS. 4 and 5;

FIG. 8 shows that a subject is “neither” from the measured values of changes in cerebral hemodynamics obtained using the rooms shown in FIGS.
It is a figure which extracts and shows the measured value of the room evaluated as.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing changes in systolic blood pressure measured using the rooms shown in FIGS. 4 and 5;

[Explanation of symbols]

Reference Signs List 1 wheelchair 2 terminal device for detecting blood pressure and pulse rate 3 terminal device for detecting changes in cerebral blood dynamics 4 terminal 5 measuring instrument main body 11, 12 doorway 13, 14 window 15 sofa 16 table 17 garden plant

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page F term (reference) 2G059 AA05 BB12 CC18 DD12 DD13 DD15 EE01 FF05 HH01 HH06 MM01 NN01 4C017 AA02 AA08 AA12 AC27 BC11 BC16 CC01 DE02 4C038 KK01 KL05 KL05 KL07 KM00 KX01 KX02 KY04

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A subject is guided into a living room to be evaluated, which is fully decorated, and a central nervous system including a change in oxygenated hemoglobin concentration, a change in deoxygenated hemoglobin concentration, and a change in total hemoglobin concentration of blood in the brain of the subject. A living room environment evaluation method characterized by continuously measuring one or more of the activity indices and evaluating the comfort of the living room based on the measurement result. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein one or more autonomic nervous activity indices including the systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and pulse rate of the subject are continuously measured together with the central nervous activity index. The living room environment evaluation method described in. 3. The living room environment evaluation method according to claim 1, wherein the subject is guided into the evaluation target living room while sitting in a wheelchair. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the subject is guided into the living room to be evaluated in a closed eye state, the continuous measurement is started, the eye is opened after confirming the stability of the measured value, and the measurement is continued for a predetermined time. The living room environment evaluation method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: 5. The central nervous activity index is a change in hemoglobin concentration in blood in brain tissue, and has a wavelength of 700 nm.
And irradiating the brain with near-infrared light having a wavelength of about 1500 nm, detecting the transmitted light, and estimating the change in hemoglobin concentration from a change in absorbance based on the light absorption characteristics of hemoglobin. The living room environment evaluation method according to any one of claims 1 to 4.