JP2002176468A - Wap analyzer - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a WAP(Wireless Application Protocol) analyzer that is fitted to a communication path between devices making communication by using the WAP and can easily analyze a state transition and a transmission state of the WAP. SOLUTION: The WAP analyzer has a WTP-PDU(Wireless Transaction Protocol-Protocol Data Unit), a state transition specification database (16) that stores a state of a WTP layer, a primitive between the WTP layer and a WSP(Wireless Session Protocol) layer, and a state of the WSP layer in compliance with the WAP specifications, a PDU acquisition section (11) that acquires the WTP-PDU of the WAP packet, and a state transition estimate means (13) that estimates a state of the WTP layer, a generated primitive between the WTP layer and a WSP layer and a state of the WSP layer of a transmitter and a receiver that receive the 1st WTP-PDU and transmit the 2nd WTP-PDU.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a wireless data communication protocol WAP (Wireless Application).
Protocol) for analyzing a WAP analyzer.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a mobile data communication service using a mobile phone, WAP is used for an Internet connection service. In order to provide this service, it is necessary to monitor packets flowing through the network and monitor that a decrease in throughput has not occurred. Conventionally, a protocol analyzer has been used as an apparatus for this.

[0003]

However, the operator had to analyze the PDU (Protocol Data Unit) format in order to understand the events that occurred in the communication devices at both ends. This is because the conventional protocol analyzer cannot analyze or display according to the WAP communication procedure. Also, WAP
In order to analyze the state transition of, based on the PDU, WTP
(Wireless Transaction Protocol) layer status and WTP
It is necessary to understand the primitives between the layers and the Wireless Session Protocol (WSP) layer and the state of the WSP layer. In such an analysis, especially when a data error or retransmission occurs, the analysis burden on the operator is extremely large.

[0004] Also, if the protocol analyzer
Even if one specific layer of the AP could be analyzed,
It is not possible to analyze the correspondence between the specific layer and the upper or lower layer. This is because the conventional protocol analyzer cannot analyze the correspondence between the upper layer packet and the lower layer packet. This is to discard the information of the lower layer packet when analyzing the upper layer packet.

As described above, since the transmission state of the lower layer protocol greatly affects the transmission state of the upper layer protocol, the correspondence between one primitive of the upper layer and a plurality of packets of the lower layer corresponding thereto. Is very useful. In particular, in order to grasp the transmission state of WAP, it is necessary to analyze based on the correspondence between a plurality of WTP transactions and one corresponding WSP session.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a WAP analyzer capable of monitoring a PDU to be communicated and easily analyzing a WAP state transition based on the PDU.

[0007]

According to the WAP analyzer of the present invention, the WTP-PDU, the state of the WTP layer,
A database having state transition specification data defining the primitive between the TP layer and the WSP layer and the state of the WSP layer based on the WAP specification;
PDU acquisition means for acquiring a TP-PDU, and receiving a first WTP-PDU and receiving a second
The apparatus that has transmitted the WTP-PDU of the above has a state transition estimating means for estimating a state transition of the state of the WTP layer, the primitive between the generated WTP layer and the WSP layer, and the state of the WSP layer.

[0008] According to another embodiment of the present invention, it is preferable that the state transition estimating means estimates a state transition of the device that has transmitted the WTP-PDU in the initial state.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, the state transition estimating means includes a device that has transmitted the WTP-PDU and the WTP-PDU.
-It is also preferable to estimate a state transition when a predetermined timeout occurs for a device that has received a PDU.

[0010] According to another embodiment of the present invention, it is preferable that the apparatus further comprises display means for displaying the state transition in a time series.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, the WT acquired by the PDU acquiring means in real time in an online state.
It is also preferable that the system further includes a PDU log accumulation unit that accumulates P-PDUs, and that the state transition estimating unit performs processing using a plurality of WTP-PDUs recorded in the PDU log accumulation unit in an offline state.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, there is further provided a statistical information storage unit for storing a WTP statistical information table and a WSP statistical information table separately for a transmission source and a reception source,
When estimating the state transition, the state transition estimating means
When the item corresponds to the item of the statistical information table and the item of the WSP statistical information table, it is preferable to increase the number of times of the item by one.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, the items of the WTP statistical information table include the number of PDUs and bytes, the number of transactions, the distribution of the number of PDUs and bytes per transaction, the number of retransmitted PDUs and The number of retransmitted bytes, the number of retransmitted PDUs per transaction, and the number distribution of the number of retransmitted bytes are shown. Items in the WSP statistical information table include the number of sessions, the number distribution of transactions per session, the number of PDUs per session, The number distribution of the number of bytes is also preferable.

[0014] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the display means comprises: an item and a count of the WTP statistical information table;
It is also preferable to display the items and the number of times in the statistical information table.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, the display means comprises: an average value of the number of PDUs and the number of bytes per transaction; an average value of the number of PDUs and the number of retransmitted bytes per transaction; It is also preferred to display the average number and the average number of PDUs and bytes per session.

[0016]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a system configuration diagram using a WAP analyzer. The mobile terminal 5 having WAP communicates with the WAP server 3 via the wireless base station 2. The WAP server 3 is connected to the HTTP server 4 via the Internet.
Communicate with At this time, the WAP server 3
Provides a protocol conversion function with TTP. The WAP analyzer 1 is usually attached to a communication path between the wireless base station 2 and the WAP server 3, and can acquire a PDU to be communicated.

The WAP architecture has the following hierarchy. Note that the WAP analyzer of the present invention
Analyze the TP layer and WSP layer. Application Layer WAE (Wireless Application Environment) Session Layer WSP (Wireless Session Protocol) Transaction Layer WTP (Wireless Transaction Protocol) Security Layer WTLS (Wireless Transport Layer Security) Transport Layer WDP (Wireless Datagram Protocol)

FIG. 2 shows a WAP analyzer 1 according to the present invention.
FIG. Each function will be described below.

The WTP-PDU acquisition unit 11 acquires a WTP-PDU of a WAP packet communicated between the radio base station 2 and the WAP server 3. WTP-PD acquired
U is recorded in the log storage unit 12 with a detection time attached to each set of four addresses (transmission IP address, reception IP address, transmission port number, reception port number). These operations are performed online and in real time.

The state transition specification database 16 has a WTP
-Stores state transition specification data that defines the PDU, the state of the WTP layer, the primitive between the WTP layer and the WSP layer, and the state of the WSP layer based on the WAP specification.

The state transition analysis unit 13 includes a WTP analysis unit 13
1 and a WSP analysis unit 132, and a log storage unit 1
The analysis is performed based on the WTP-PDU extracted from Step 2.
These operations are processed batchwise in an offline state.

[0023] The WTP analysis unit 131 includes one or more WTPs.
-Analyze the PDU correspondence and configure one transaction. Each transaction has a set of four addresses corresponding to the WTP-PDU and a transaction identifier (T
ID: Transaction IDentifier). W
The TP analysis unit 131 uses the state transition specification database 16 to separate the first WTP-PD
The state of the WTP layer, the generated WTP layer and WS for the device that received the U and transmitted the second WTP-PDU
Estimate the primitive between the P layers. In addition, for the device that transmitted the WTP-PDU in the initial state, and for the device that transmitted the WTP-PDU when a predetermined timeout occurred and the device that received the WTP-PDU,
The state of the TP layer and the generated primitive between the WTP layer and the WSP layer are estimated. This primitive is a WS
The P analysis unit 132 is notified.

The WSP analysis unit 132
The state of the WSP layer is estimated using the state transition specification database 16 based on the primitive between the WTP layer and the WSP layer received from No. 1.

The statistical information storage unit 15 stores a WSP session management table and a WTP
A transaction management table, a WTP statistics information table, and a WSP statistics information table.

The display unit 14 displays a session management table and a transaction management table stored in the statistical information storage unit 15 in response to an operator's request.
And WSP statistical information table. In particular, the state of the WSP layer, the primitives between the WSP layer and the WTP layer, and the state of the WTP layer are listed in a time series. These displays are provided by a GUI (Graphic User Interface).
Is realized.

FIG. 3 is a sequence diagram when WTP-PDU is retransmitted. For example, initiator WTP
When the Invoke PDU transmitted by the layer is not received by the responder WTP layer, that is, when the initiator WTP layer receives the Ack PD
If no U or Result PDU is received, the initiator WTP layer retransmits the Invoke PDU after a lapse of a predetermined time.
Therefore, although a plurality of WTP-PDUs are transmitted, there is only one transaction.

FIG. 4 shows a transaction identifier check sequence. In order for the initiator WTP layer not to send the same Invoke PDU to the responder WTP layer,
This is a sequence for checking for duplicate transaction identifiers of vokePDU. The responder checks TIDve (Transaction IDentifier verificatio
This is performed by transmitting the Ack PDU with n) to the initiator WTP layer. If the transaction identifier is valid, the initiator WTP layer transmits the TIDok (Transaction
Sends Ack PDU with IDentifier OK) to responder WTP layer

FIG. 5 shows a pre-read sequence for the WAP analyzer of the present invention to analyze state transitions. First, it is assumed that the WAP analyzer acquires an Invoke PDU when the WTP layer of the responder is in the LISTEN state. The transition state of the responder WTP layer at this time is TIDok WAIT state, INVOKE RESP WAIT state, or
It is unknown whether it is in the LISTEN state. Which of these states is present can be determined by the PDU transmitted by the responder WTP layer thereafter. That is, if the Ack (TIDve) PDU is transmitted, it is understood that the state is the TIDok WAIT state. Also, Resu
When the lt PDU is transmitted, it is known that the terminal is in the INVOKE RESP WAIT state. Further, when the Abort PDU is transmitted, it is known that the state is the LISTEN state.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the data structure stored in the statistical information storage unit 15. Each table is configured for each set of four addresses. The session management table has a session start time, a session identifier, and a current internal state of the WSP layer. Also, the session management table
WS that has a pointer to the transaction management table
The P layer and the WTP layer are associated with each other. The transaction management table has a transaction start time, a transaction identifier, and a current internal state of the WTP layer. Further, a WTP statistical information table and a WSP statistical information table are provided for each set of four addresses.

The following describes the WTP statistical information table and WSP
And a statistical information table.

[0032]

[Table 1]

[0033]

[Table 2]

FIG. 7 is a sequence of states and primitives estimated by analyzing only the WTP-PDU.

FIG. 8 is a state transition diagram of the initiator WTP layer. FIG. 9 is a state transition diagram of the client WSP layer. FIG. 10 is a state transition diagram of the responder WTP layer. FIG. 11 is a state transition diagram of the server WSP layer.
These state transition diagrams are stored in the state transition specification database 16. Since the state transition diagram is completely based on the WAP standard, the state and the primitive will not be described in detail.

Hereinafter, the sequence of FIG. 7 will be described with reference to the state transition diagrams of FIGS. 8 to 11. In the initial state, the client-side WSP layer is in a NULL state, the initiator WTP layer is in a NULL state, the responder WTP layer is in a LISTEN state, and the server WSP layer is in a NULL state.

First, (1), the WAP analyzer uses the Invoke PD
Suppose you get U. At this time, in the NULL state, the initiator WTP layer receives TR-Invoke.req from the WSP layer and estimates that the state has transited to the RESULT WAIT state (FIG. 7).
And S1 in FIG. 8). The client WSP layer estimated to have transmitted TR-Invoke.req receives S-Connect.req in the NULL state and estimates that the state has transited to the CONNECTING state (see S1 'in FIGS. 7 and 9). .

Next, (2), the WAP analyzer outputs the Result PDU
Suppose you have obtained Responder W that received Result PDU
In the LISTEN state, the TP layer performs TR-Invoke.
Ind is transmitted, and it is estimated that the state has transited to the INVOKE RESP WAIT state (see S2 in FIGS. 7 and 10). As described with reference to FIG. 5, since the Result PDU is generated for the Invoke PDU, the state other than the INVOKE RESP WAIT does not occur. This is performed by the prefetching described above. TR-I
The server WSP layer estimated to have received nvoke.ind
In the ULL state, send S-Connect.ind to the application and send TR-Invoke.res to the WTP layer,
It is estimated that the state has transited to the CTING state (S in FIGS. 7 and 11).
2 ').

On the other hand, the responder WTP layer receiving TR-Invoke.res changes the RESULT state from the INVOKE RESP WAIT state.
It is estimated that the state has transitioned to the WAIT state (S in FIGS. 7 and 10).
21).

Further, in the CONNECTING state, the server WSP layer estimates that S-Connect.res has been received, and performs TR-Resu
Sends lt.req to responder WTP. At this time, the server WSP layer cannot estimate which state should be changed next. However, then TR
-By receiving Result.cnf, the previous state becomes CON
It can be estimated that the state was NECTING_2.

On the other hand, in the RESULT WAIT state, TR-
The responder WTP that has received the Result.req receives the Result PDU
Is transmitted to the initiator WTP layer, and it is estimated that the state has transited to the RESULT RESP WAIT state (see S3 in FIGS. 7 and 10).

Next, (3), it is assumed that the WAP analyzer has acquired the Ack PDU. Result PDU in RESULT WAIT state
The initiator WTP layer that has received the request sends TR-Result.ind to the client WSP layer and estimates that the state has transited to the RESULT RESP WAIT state (see S4 in FIGS. 7 and 8).

On the other hand, in the CONNECTING state, TR-R
The client WSP layer that receives esult.ind is S-Conne
ct.cnf is transmitted to the application, and TR-Result.res is transmitted to the initiator WTP layer, and it is estimated that the state transits to the CONNECTED state (see S4 'in FIGS. 7 and 9).

On the other hand, in the RESULT RESP WAIT state, the initiator WTP layer receiving TR-Result.res
A ck PDU is transmitted to the responder WTP layer, and it is estimated that the state has transited to the WAIT TIMEOUT state (see S5 in FIGS. 7 and 8).

On the other hand, the responder WTP that has received the Ack PDU in the RESULT RESP WAIT state has the TR-Result.c
nf is transmitted to the server WSP layer, and it is estimated that the state has transited to the LISTEN state (see S6 in FIGS. 7 and 10). Also, TR-R
The server WSPS layer receiving esult.cnf estimates that the previous state was the CONNECTING_2 state by prefetching,
After that, it is estimated that the state has transited to the CONNECTED state (see S6 'in FIGS. 7 and 11).

Although not shown in FIG.
If k PDU is not confirmed, it can be estimated that TR-Result.res could not be detected by the WTP layer on the client side.

In the above embodiment, the sequence of state transitions and primitives is estimated for a PDU for which a connection is established between a client and a server. However, the sequence for other PDUs can be estimated in the same manner.

According to the above-described embodiment of the present invention, those skilled in the art can easily make various changes, modifications and omissions of the technical idea and scope of the present invention. The foregoing description is merely an example, and is not intended to be limiting. The invention is limited only as defined by the following claims and equivalents thereof.

[0049]

As described in detail above, according to the WAP analyzer of the present invention, it is possible to estimate the WAP state and the sequence of primitives according to the WAP state transition specification. Further, according to the WAP analyzer of the present invention, it is possible to analyze the transmission state based on the correspondence between one or more transactions and one session.

The WAP analyzer of the present invention as described above is very useful for a mobile data communication service in which the transmission state is apt to change from moment to moment. The cause of the transmission abnormal state is determined by the WSP layer and the WTP layer. Can easily be found at the level.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a system configuration diagram using a WAP analyzer.

FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of a WAP analyzer according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a retransmission sequence diagram of a WTP layer.

FIG. 4 is a check sequence diagram of a transaction identifier of a WTP layer.

FIG. 5 is a pre-read sequence diagram of a responder WTP layer according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a data structure diagram stored in an information statistics storage unit according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a sequence diagram of states and primitives estimated by the WAP analyzer of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is an initiator WT of the state transition specification database.
It is a state transition diagram of a P layer.

FIG. 9 is a client WS of a state transition specification database.
It is a state transition diagram of a P layer.

FIG. 10 is a responder WT of the state transition specification database.
It is a state transition diagram of a P layer.

FIG. 11 is a state transition diagram of a server WSP layer of a state transition specification database.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 WAP analyzer 11 WTP-PDU acquisition part 12 Log accumulation part 13 State transition analysis part 131 WTP analysis part 132 WSP analysis part 14 Display part 15 Statistical information accumulation part 16 State transition specification data 2 Wireless base station 3 WAP server 4 HTTP server 5 Mobile terminal

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[Procedure amendment]

[Submission Date] October 1, 2001 (2001.10.
1)

[Procedure amendment 1]

[Document name to be amended] Drawing

[Correction target item name] Figure 2

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

FIG. 2

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing from the front page (72) Akira Inoue 2-1-1-15 Ohara, Kamifukuoka-shi, Saitama Inside KDDI Laboratory Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Toshihiko Kato Fuji Ohara, Kamifukuoka-shi, Saitama No. 1-115 F-Term in KDI Inc. (Reference) 5K033 AA05 BA08 CC01 DA01 DA06 DA19 DB20 EA07 5K035 AA07 BB02 BB03 EE01 GG14 5K067 AA44 BB04 BB21 CC08 EE02 EE10 LL10

Claims (9)

[Claims] 1. A WAP analyzer attached to a communication path between devices communicating using WAP, comprising: a WTP-PDU, a state of a WTP layer, a WTP layer and a WTP layer.
The primitives between the SP layers and the state of the WSP layer are represented by W
A database having state transition specification data defined based on the specification of the AP, a PDU obtaining means for obtaining a WTP-PDU of the WAP packet, a first WTP-PDU is received separately for each of the transmission source and the reception source, and 2 about the device that transmitted the WTP-PDU,
A WAP analyzer comprising: a state transition estimating means for estimating a state transition including a state of the WTP layer, a generated primitive between the WTP layer and the WSP layer, and a state of the WSP layer. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the state transition estimating means includes an initial state in which W
The WAP analyzer according to claim 1, wherein the state transition is estimated for the device that has transmitted the TP-PDU. 3. The state transition estimating means includes a WTP-PD.
The W state according to claim 2, wherein the state transition is estimated when a predetermined time-out occurs for a device that has transmitted U and a device that has received the WTP-PDU.
AP analyzer. 4. The WA according to claim 3, further comprising display means for displaying the state transitions in time series.
P analyzer. 5. A PD for storing a WTP-PDU obtained in real time by the PDU obtaining means in an online state.
A U-log storage unit, wherein the state transition estimating means is configured to store the
The WAP analyzer according to claim 4, wherein processing is performed using a plurality of WTP-PDUs recorded in a log storage unit. 6. A statistical information storage unit for storing a WTP statistical information table and a WSP statistical information table separately for a transmission source and a reception source, wherein the state transition estimating means includes: If the item corresponds to the item of the WTP statistical information table and the item of the WSP statistical information table, the number of times of the item is set to 1
The WAP analyzer of claim 5, wherein the WAP analyzer increments. 7. The items of the WTP statistical information table are as follows:
PDU count and byte count, transaction count, PDU count and byte count distribution per transaction, retransmitted PDU count and retransmitted byte count, and retransmission PDU count and retransmitted byte count distribution per transaction, 7. The WAP analyzer according to claim 6, wherein the items of the WSP statistical information table are the number of sessions, the number distribution of the number of transactions per session, and the number distribution of the number of PDUs and the number of bytes per session. . 8. The WTP statistical information table according to claim 7, wherein the display unit displays items and times of the WTP statistical information table and items and times of the WSP statistical information table.
The WAP analyzer according to 1. 9. The display means includes: an average value of the number of PDUs and the number of bytes per transaction; an average value of the number of PDUs and the number of retransmitted bytes per transaction;
The WAP analyzer according to claim 8, wherein an average value of the number of transactions per session and an average value of the number of PDUs and the number of bytes per session are displayed.