JP2002167960A - Waterproof sheet and waterproof processing method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a waterproof sheet for smoothly draining the redundant water when concrete is placed and the water leakage infiltrating from the outside. SOLUTION: A polypropylene resin sheet is thermoformed to form a plurality of projections 2b on a sheet surface, a water-permeable nonwoven fabric 3 is stuck to its face, and the space between the sheet and the nonwoven fabric is used as a drain path 4 in this waterproof sheet 2. Since the sheet containing an inorganic filler is used and the projections are formed into truncated cones, deformation and damage can be prevented when concrete is placed, and a waterproof construction method for an outer wall having a good drainage function is available.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a waterproof sheet having a drainage function used for placing concrete in an outer wall of a building or a rooftop construction, and a waterproofing method for an outer wall using the waterproof sheet.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a waterproofing method for an outer wall, a water-absorbing and water-permeable form is used at the time of concrete casting.
There is a method of discharging the excess water in the concrete to make the concrete denser, a method of increasing the waterproofness of the concrete by mixing a water repellent into the concrete, and a method of providing a drainage channel with the outer wall as a double wall .

In the method using a water-absorbing and water-permeable mold, the waterproofness is not sufficient due to cracks or the like generated in concrete. The method of forming a double wall by ordinary construction has a high reliability for waterproofness, but has a problem that construction work such as stacking blocks takes time and the work period is long.

In order to solve these problems, for example,
In Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 4-70467, a drainage mat is attached to a concrete-implanted surface of a mold substrate made of a water-impermeable synthetic resin. A water-permeable mold in which a waterproof nonwoven fabric is bonded to a cap has been proposed. In this method, concrete poured at the time of casting is
Although it is necessary to support by the form substrate, the rigidity of the drainage mat is low and the strength is weak, so that the air cap is crushed and the space for drainage is reduced. The space for drainage formed by this air cap can be adjusted in principle by the amount of protrusion of the air cap,
Because of its low strength, it is difficult to secure a sufficient space for drainage. For this reason, it has been difficult to smoothly drain the water such as rainwater flowing from gaps caused by cracks in the concrete.

[0005] As another example, US Pat.
No. 515 discloses a discharge device using a core sheet having a truncated-cone convex portion to which a water-permeable filter fabric is adhered. In this device, it is described that the core sheet is formed by forming a large number of the truncated cones by thermoforming a thermoplastic resin such as polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, and high-density polyethylene.
This method is a useful technique that can efficiently produce a truncated conical shape having a relatively small thickness distribution. However, according to the description of the U.S. Patent, when polystyrene is used as the core sheet, there is a problem in chemical durability, although excellent in impact resistance and creep resistance. Further, when polyvinyl chloride or high-density polyethylene is used, there is a problem in the creep resistance, and in any case, its use is limited. In addition, since the rigidity of each of the core sheets is low, the convex portion of the truncated cone is easily deformed or damaged at the time of placing concrete, and further improvement is required.

[0006]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention overcomes the above-mentioned problems and smoothly drains excess water generated after casting concrete and / or rainwater or the like that permeates from the outside after solidification of concrete. Another object of the present invention is to provide a waterproof sheet that suppresses deterioration of concrete over time, and to provide an effective waterproofing method using the waterproof sheet.

[0007]

That is, according to the present invention, a plurality of convex portions are formed on the whole surface of a polypropylene resin sheet by thermoforming a polypropylene resin sheet, and the surface on which the convex portions are formed is provided with a water-permeable material. Is a waterproof sheet to which a non-woven fabric is adhered.
Further, the polypropylene resin sheet contains 10 to 50% by weight of an inorganic filler, and the sheet thickness is 0.2 to 50% by weight.
It is preferable that the waterproof sheet is 1.5 mm. On the other hand, the shape of the convex portion formed on one side of the sheet surface is preferably a truncated cone. Further, it is more preferable to form a new minute projection having a height of 5 to 30% with respect to the projection in the gap between the truncated cone-shaped projections.
Further, an adhesive layer can be laminated on one side of the sheet opposite to the convex portion. Further, one side of the sheet opposite to the convex portion is bonded to a concrete surface, a formwork is provided on the surface side of the convex portion, concrete is poured, and a water passage is formed inside the concrete. This is a way to waterproof a wall.

[0008]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The details of the present invention will be described below.
According to the present invention, a plurality of protrusions are formed vertically and horizontally on one side of the surface of the polypropylene-based resin sheet (hereinafter, a sheet on which the protrusions are formed is referred to as a “core sheet”), and the surface on which the protrusions are formed is made to have water permeability. In a waterproof sheet to which a non-woven fabric is bonded,
A water guide space, that is, a water passage is formed between the nonwoven fabric and the core sheet on the side of the core sheet where the convex portion is formed, and water leaking from the concrete surface can be drained through the water passage. Further, as a special example, it is possible to cool the poured concrete by using the water passage to pass water from outside to drain the water.

[0009] Further, by forming a plurality of convex portions on one side of the surface of the polypropylene-based resin sheet vertically and horizontally, attaching a water-permeable nonwoven fabric to the surface on which the convex portions are formed, and using a polypropylene-based resin, excellent waterproofness is obtained. Can be obtained. That is, the polypropylene-based resin has low water permeability and low water absorption, so that it is also excellent in waterproofness.

In the present invention, the term "polypropylene resin" means a propylene homopolymer obtained by homopolymerizing propylene, or a comonomer of not more than 20% by weight, for example, an unsaturated organic acid such as ethylene, acrylic acid ester or maleic acid; A graft polymer of a copolymer obtained by copolymerizing an anhydride or a monomer unit such as an α-olefin having 4 to 12 carbon atoms with propylene may be used. If the comonomer content exceeds 20% by weight, the rigidity is impaired.
Not very good. In the practice of the present invention, these polypropylene resins may be used alone or in combination of two or more. In addition, a polyethylene-based resin can be added to the composition within a range that does not impair the rigidity of the sheet.

Preferably, the polypropylene-based resin sheet contains 10 to 50% by weight of an inorganic filler,
The rigidity of the core sheet can be increased. When the amount of the inorganic filler is less than 10% by weight, the effect of improving the rigidity is small, and when the amount of the inorganic filler is more than 50% by weight, the rigidity is improved but becomes brittle. It causes problems such as tearing inside.

The thickness of the polypropylene resin sheet is preferably from 0.2 to 1.5 mm. More preferably, it is 0.4 to 1.0 mm. If the thickness of the polypropylene-based resin sheet is smaller than 0.2 mm, the rigidity of the obtained core sheet decreases, which is not preferable. Also,
The thermoforming method for obtaining the core sheet will be described later. However, if the thickness is more than 1.5 mm, the preheating time during thermoforming becomes longer, and the productivity is undesirably reduced.

The polypropylene-based resin sheet from which the core sheet is made can be obtained by subjecting a raw material resin to ordinary extrusion molding, but a commercially available sheet can also be used. The plurality of projections formed on one side of the surface of the core sheet can be obtained by thermoforming the sheet.
The method of thermoforming the thermoplastic resin sheet to obtain the core sheet is advantageous in terms of productivity, particularly in terms of production speed, as compared with other methods aimed at forming a water passage on the same principle. It is.

The thermoforming includes a heating method by radiating the sheet with an infrared heater or the like, a direct heating method in which the sheet is brought into direct contact with a hot plate, and a heating method by hot air. Also, many molding methods are known, such as using auxiliary air, such as a combination of irregularities of a molding die and a plug. For example, straight vacuum forming, straight pressure forming, plug assist forming, match mold (press) forming, and the like are included, but are not limited thereto.

It is preferable that the projections formed on the core sheet have a truncated cone shape. As a result, it is possible to suppress damage at the time of placing concrete, secure water supply space,
Can drain. Further, the flow rate in the water passage can be adjusted by adjusting the height and the diameter of the projection.

Also, preferably, a frustum-shaped convex portion is formed on one side of the sheet surface, and the gap is 5 to 3 with respect to the convex portion.
By providing a new minute convex portion having a height of 0%, the rigidity of the core sheet can be further improved, and damage during concrete placing can be further suppressed. When the height of the minute projections is less than 5%, the effect of improving the rigidity of the core sheet is small, and it tends to be difficult to form by transfer from a mold during thermoforming. If the height of the minute projections exceeds 30%, smooth drainage of the water guide space tends to be impaired, and both are not preferred.

As the non-woven fabric used in the present invention, any non-woven fabric having good water permeability may be used, but preferably various thermoplastic resins, for example, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyester, polyamide, acrylic , Polyvinylidene chloride, and those composed of short fibers or long fibers such as copolymers thereof, and used as a nonwoven fabric by a manufacturing method such as chemical bond, thermal bond, stitch bond, spun bond, and needle punch. Can be When bonding the nonwoven fabric and the core sheet, acrylic resin, urethane resin,
Epoxy resins, polyester resins and rubber adhesives are used as appropriate, and various hot-melt adhesives mainly composed of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer, etc. Can be adhered by a known method by appropriately using, but in any case, it is preferable to use a material having good water resistance.

According to the present invention, for example, when the outer wall of a building is constructed, the waterproof sheet can be used by adhering it to the outside of the inner wall. That is, the adhesive layer is formed by a method such as applying an adhesive to the surface of the waterproof sheet opposite to the surface having the convex portion on one side. And at the construction site,
The waterproof sheet can be easily provided on the inner wall via the adhesive layer. This makes it possible to reduce the number of work steps during construction. When the adhesive layer is not provided in advance, the adhesive can be applied by applying an adhesive to the wall surface on which the waterproof sheet of the present invention is applied, and then applying the waterproof sheet. Various adhesives such as acrylic resins, urethane resins, epoxy resins, polyester resins, and rubber adhesives can be appropriately used as the adhesive used between the inner wall and the waterproof sheet.

The main points of the construction method of the present invention will be described below.
One side of the waterproof sheet in which a water-permeable nonwoven fabric is adhered to the surface of the core sheet made of a polypropylene-based resin on which the convex portions are formed is bonded to a concrete surface serving as an inner wall. After that, by providing a mold on the outside and casting concrete in the space between the waterproof sheet and the outside form, the water guide space formed between the core sheet and the nonwoven fabric,
It can be reliably provided in the wall. By guiding water leakage due to rainwater or the like to a drain formed by a general method as a water passage, the water can be drained to the outside.
In this construction work, a structure having a drainage function in a wall can be easily provided by attaching a waterproof sheet, and the number of work steps can be reduced. Less than,
An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 1 and FIG.

[0020]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a state in which a waterproof sheet according to an embodiment of the present invention is used between an inner wall and an outer wall.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an example showing an arrangement of a plurality of projections formed in the vertical and horizontal directions of the waterproof sheet and minute projections formed in the gaps.

The waterproof sheet 2 is a sheet made of a polypropylene resin sheet, and is composed of a sheet portion having an adhesive layer 2a and a plurality of convex portions 2b provided on the inner wall side, and a water-permeable nonwoven fabric 3 attached to the sheet portion. ing. The water passage 4 is a space surrounded by a plurality of protrusions 2b arranged vertically and horizontally in the waterproof sheet, minute protrusions 2c formed between the protrusions, and a water-permeable nonwoven fabric 3 attached to the head of the protrusion 2b. Composed of

The sheet forming the waterproof sheet 2 is 100 parts by weight of a polypropylene resin (JSG homopolymer of Grand Polymer Co., MFR 1.5 g / 10 min, 230 ° C.) and talc (Shiraishi calcium talc F) as an inorganic filler.
VS) Using a pre-kneaded mixture of 30 parts by weight, using a single-screw extruder with a screw diameter of 90 mm, cylinder temperature of 23
Melt softening was performed at 0 ° C., and a 0.5 mm-thick sheet was formed using a T-die. Using this sheet, thermoforming is performed by a vacuum forming machine at a sheet surface temperature of 160 ° C. to form a truncated cone (bottom diameter 20 mm, top diameter 12 mm, height 10 m).
m), a plurality of convex portions 2b were arranged at intervals of 30 mm, and a core sheet having triangular rib-shaped minute convex portions 2c having a height of 2 mm and a base of 4 mm in the gap was prepared.

When the compressive strength of the core sheet was measured using a compression tester in accordance with ASTM D1621, the compressive strength was 1007 kPa. High-density polyethylene resin (Nippon Polychem HY540, MFR 1.0 g / 10
Min., 190 ° C.), the core sheet of the example showed much higher strength than the compressive strength of 180 kPa of the core sheet having the same shape prepared using the same method.

The water-permeable nonwoven fabric 3 is a spunbonded nonwoven fabric made of polyester filament (thickness: 1.3 m).
m, basis weight: 130 g / m2, water permeability: 1.0 x 10-3
m / sec). The core sheet and the nonwoven fabric were heat-sealed and bonded using a hot melt adhesive (main component was an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer). This waterproof sheet 2
An acrylic adhesive is used as an adhesive layer 2a on one side opposite to the convex portion to which the nonwoven fabric is attached, and the concrete inner wall 1 is used.
Affixed to

The water passage 4 has a plurality of convex portions arranged vertically and horizontally, and the outer wall side thereof is surrounded by a non-woven fabric 3 having water permeability. I have. That is, the structure is such that water can easily flow in the vertical direction, which is the vertical direction of the wall.

An example of construction using the waterproof sheet of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. First, by normal concrete casting
The inner wall 1 was constructed. Next, an adhesive mainly composed of an epoxy resin is applied to the upper surface of the inner wall 1 to form an adhesive layer 2a,
A waterproof sheet 2 on which a water-permeable nonwoven fabric 3 was attached was attached thereon. Thereafter, piping for connecting the outer formwork 6 and the water passage 4 to the outside was installed, and concrete was poured into the space between the waterproof sheet 2 and the formwork 6. After the concrete was solidified and the outer wall 5 was constructed, the formwork 6 was removed. Through this series of operations, a wall having a water passage inside was constructed.

[0027]

As described above, according to the present invention, by forming a polypropylene resin sheet by thermoforming, a plurality of protrusions are formed on the surface of the sheet, and a plurality of protrusions are formed on the surface on which the protrusions are formed. In a waterproof sheet with a water-permeable non-woven fabric attached,
A waterproof sheet having high strength and rigidity can be obtained by surrounding the core sheet with a convex portion formed on one side of the core sheet and a water-permeable nonwoven fabric adhered to the head thereof. By using the waterproof sheet, it is possible to obtain a concrete outer wall having an internal channel having excellent drainage or water permeability, and stable drainage is possible. Furthermore, the flow rate in this drainage channel can be adjusted by the height and number of the core sheet projections, while the number of construction steps can be significantly reduced as compared with double wall construction.

[0028]

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a state in which a waterproof sheet according to an embodiment of the present invention is used between an inner wall and an outer wall.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an example showing an arrangement of a plurality of convex portions formed vertically and horizontally on a waterproof sheet and an arrangement of minute convex portions formed in a gap therebetween.

[Description of Signs] 1 Inner wall 2 Waterproof sheet 2a Adhesive layer 2b Convex part formed on waterproof sheet 2c Small convex part formed between convex parts 3 Water-permeable nonwoven fabric 4 Water passage 5 Outer wall 6 Formwork

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification code FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) E04F 13/08 E04F 13/08 Z F-term (Reference) 2D047 AA05 2E110 AA14 AB04 AB22 BA02 BA12 CA03 CA23 DA12 DA16 DC21 GA32Y GA42Y GB42Y 4F100 AA01A AA01H AC10 AC10H AE01C AK05 AK07A AK25G AK41 AK53G AK68G BA02 BA03 BA07 BA10A BA10C CA23 DD04A DD07A DG04 DG15B EH17 EJ39 EJ42 GB07 JD05 JD05Y

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A waterproof sheet in which a plurality of convex portions are formed on the entire surface of a polypropylene-based resin sheet by thermoforming, and a water-permeable nonwoven fabric is adhered to the surface on which the convex portions are formed. 2. The polypropylene resin sheet has a thickness of 10 to 50.
It contains an inorganic filler by weight and has a sheet thickness of 0.1%.
The waterproof sheet according to claim 1, wherein the thickness is 2 to 1.5 mm. 3. The waterproof sheet according to claim 1, wherein the shape of the convex portion formed on one side of the sheet surface is a truncated cone. 4. The sheet according to claim 1, wherein a convex portion is formed on one side of the sheet surface, and a new minute convex portion having a height of 5 to 30% with respect to the convex portion is provided in the gap. The waterproof sheet according to claim 3. 5. The waterproof sheet according to claim 1, wherein an adhesive layer is laminated on one side of the sheet opposite to the convex portion. 6. A sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein one side of the sheet opposite to the convex portion is bonded to a concrete surface, and a mold is provided on the surface side of the convex portion, and concrete is formed. A method for waterproofing a wall, comprising casting and forming a water passage therein.