JP2002162036A - Combustor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a combustor, in which even when a plurality of kinds of fuels having different combustion temperature are used, a good combustion efficiency is ensured, and low-pollution combustion can be performed even if combustion air is not restricted. SOLUTION: A combustor 41 is constituted of main burners 1 for burning a mixture of gas or liquid fuel and air, and a cylindrical combustion chamber 10a. A heat chamber 11 is formed of a plate fine 31, in which the outer peripheral air is taken in from cooling-air inlets and sent out from the cooling-air outlets along the internal surface of the combustion chamber 10a to form an air film for film cooling. A space 43 for taking in cooling air is formed of a sleeve 42 provided by leaving a space to the outer periphery of the combustion chamber 11. An air inlet 44 is formed in the sleeve 42 to communicate with the space 43 in order to conduct the outer peripheral air fed from a compressor 20 to the space 43. A flow regulating value 45 is provided to regulate the valve travel of the air inlet 44.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a combustor such as a gas turbine combustor using a plurality of types of fuels having different combustion temperatures.

2. Description of the Related Art In general, a gas turbine mainly comprises a compressor, a combustor and a turbine, and the compressor and the turbine are directly connected to each other by a main shaft. A combustor is connected to a discharge port of the compressor, and the working fluid discharged from the compressor is heated by the combustor to a predetermined turbine inlet temperature. The high-temperature, high-pressure working fluid supplied to the turbine passes through the space between the stationary blade and the moving blade attached to the main shaft in the casing and expands, whereby the main shaft rotates to obtain an output. In the case of a gas turbine, a shaft output obtained by subtracting the power consumed by the compressor is obtained, so that it can be used as a drive source by connecting a generator or the like to the other end of the main shaft.

Here, a schematic structure of the combustor will be described. In FIG. 6, reference numeral 10 denotes a combustor. This combustor 1
Numeral 0 indicates that the premix nozzle 12 is installed along the axial center of the combustion cylinder 11. The premixing nozzle 12 has a pilot burner 13 arranged at the center thereof, and a plurality of main burners 1 arranged at an equal pitch so as to surround the pilot burner 13. Therefore, the central axis of the pilot burner 13 coincides with the central axis of the combustion cylinder 11.

The pilot burner 13 of the premix nozzle 12
Is supplied with fuel from a pilot fuel pipe 14, and the pilot fuel ejected from a pilot fuel nozzle 14 a at the tip of the pilot burner 13 converts the swirling air flow into combustion air. It burns in the combustion chamber 10a in the combustion cylinder 11. The flame of the pilot burner 13 formed in this manner is used as a fire for the main burner 1 described later.

[0004] The main burner 1 of the premix nozzle 12 is swirled by a main fuel supply pipe 2 connected to a fuel supply source (not shown) and an air flow passing through the outer periphery of the main fuel supply pipe 2. And a main swirler 5 to be provided. The main burner 1 ejects the fuel introduced through the main fuel supply pipe 2 into the air flow from the fuel outlet, and premixes the fuel and the air flow to form a premixed gas. This premixed gas flows from each main burner 1 as a swirling flow around the pilot burner 13 and burns using the flame of the pilot burner 13 as a fire.

The combustion cylinder 11 forming the combustion chamber 10a of the combustor 10 uses a plate fin having a flow path for sending air on the outer peripheral side as cooling air along the inner surface. The combustion is performed in the combustion chamber 10a formed of the fins, and the combustion gas is sent to the downstream side as a swirling flow.

[0006] In the combustor 10, air sent from the compressor 20 on the upstream side and fuel ejected from the pilot fuel nozzle 14 a of the pilot burner 13 are mixed to generate an ignition flame. The air from the compressor 20 and the fuel injected from the tip of the main burner 1 are mixed and ignited by the flame of the pilot burner 13 to form a flame, generate combustion gas in the combustion chamber 10a, The high-temperature combustion gas is sent into a gas turbine combustion gas passage provided with the rotating blades 21 and the rotating blades 22 to rotate the turbine 23 having the rotating blades 22.

Further, as shown in FIG. 7, a plate fin 31 for cooling a film is used as the combustion cylinder 11 forming the combustion chamber 10a of the combustor 10. The plate fin 31 has a plurality of cooling passages 32 formed therein along the axial direction, and has cooling air intake holes communicating with the cooling passages 32 on the outer peripheral side and the inner peripheral side. 33 and cooling air outflow holes 34 are formed.

According to the combustor 10 in which the combustion chamber 10a is constituted by the plate fins 31, the air from the compressor 20 is used as cooling air during cooling to cool the plate fins 31 through the cooling air intake holes 33. After flowing into the passage 32 and flowing through the cooling passage 32, it flows out of the cooling air outflow hole 34 into the combustion chamber 10 a,
1 to form an air film along the inner surface.

That is, when flowing through the cooling passage 32, the combustion tube 11 is convectively cooled, and thereafter, an air film is formed along the inner surface of the plate fin 31 to cool the film, thereby forming the combustion tube 10a constituting the combustion chamber 10a. 11 is prevented from burning. As described above, by using the plate fins 31 as the combustion cylinders 11 constituting the combustion chamber 10a, the combustion cylinders 11 are formed by convection cooling and film cooling.
Is prevented from burning.

[0010]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A combustor 1 as described above
As 0, a dual-fired combustor using gas or oil as a fuel for combustion is known. In other words, this dual-burning combustor includes a dual-fuel-burning burner having a gas fuel ejection port and a liquid fuel ejection port as the main burner 1 and the pilot burner 13, and one combustor 10 is used for gas fuel or liquid fuel. Either can be burned. by the way,
Since gas fuel and liquid fuel have different combustion temperatures,
The distribution of the cooling air of the combustion cylinder 11 by the plate fins 31 is set on the basis of the combustion of the liquid fuel having a high combustion temperature. In this manner, the cooling performance is determined on the basis of the combustion of the liquid fuel having a high combustion temperature. If it is set, at the time of combustion with gaseous fuel, it becomes supercooled and causes a decrease in combustion efficiency, or because a large amount of air is used for cooling, combustion air is restricted and low NOx In some cases, the conversion was limited.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and good combustion efficiency can be ensured even when a plurality of types of fuels having different combustion temperatures such as gas fuel and liquid fuel are used. It is another object of the present invention to provide a combustor capable of performing low-pollution combustion by eliminating restrictions on combustion air.

[0012]

According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a burner for mixing a plurality of types of fuels having different combustion temperatures with air to burn, and a combustion gas from the burner. And a combustion chamber having a cylindrical combustion chamber into which the combustion chamber is fed.
It is formed from plate fins that perform film cooling by sending air on the outer peripheral side as cooling air along the inner surface to form an air film, and a combustion cylinder formed by the plate fins has a gap on its outer periphery. A cooling air intake space is formed by the provided outer cylinder, and the outer cylinder communicates with the cooling air intake space, and the outer peripheral air sent from the compressor is supplied to the cooling air intake space. An air intake is formed to guide the air intake to the air inlet, and the air intake is provided with a flow control valve for adjusting the opening of the air intake.

As described above, by adjusting the opening of the air intake by the flow control valve, the amount of air taken into the cooling air intake space formed on the outer peripheral side of the combustion cylinder is adjusted, and the combustion is controlled. The amount of cooling air for performing film cooling on the inner surface of the chamber can be adjusted. As a result, when burning various fuels having different combustion temperatures, the cooling performance of the combustion chamber can be adjusted in accordance with the combustion temperature, and the combustion efficiency decreases due to supercooling during combustion of the fuel having a low combustion temperature. It is possible to solve the problem that a large amount of air is used for cooling or cooling, and the air for combustion is restricted, which limits the reduction of NOx.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a combustor having a burner for mixing and burning a plurality of types of fuels having different combustion temperatures with air, and a cylindrical combustion chamber into which combustion gas is sent from the burner. The combustion cylinder forming the combustion chamber is formed of plate fins that perform film cooling by feeding air on the outer peripheral side as cooling air along the inner surface to form an air film, and is formed by the plate fins. In the combustion cylinder, a cooling air intake space is formed by an outer cylinder provided with a gap on the outer periphery thereof, and the outer cylinder communicates with the air intake space, and air from the compressor is provided. Is connected to the cooling air intake space, and the air supply pipe is provided with a flow control valve for adjusting the degree of opening of the flow path.

That is, by adjusting the opening of the flow path of the air supply pipe by the flow control valve, the amount of air supplied to the cooling air intake space formed on the outer peripheral side of the combustion cylinder is adjusted. The amount of cooling air for performing film cooling on the inner surface of the combustion chamber can be adjusted. As a result, when burning various fuels having different combustion temperatures, the cooling performance of the combustion chamber can be adjusted in accordance with the combustion temperature, and the combustion efficiency decreases due to supercooling during combustion of the fuel having a low combustion temperature. It is possible to solve the problem that a large amount of air is used for cooling or cooling, and the air for combustion is restricted, which limits the reduction of NOx.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided the combustor according to the second aspect, further comprising a cooler for cooling air flowing inside the air supply pipe.

That is, since the cooler is provided in the air supply pipe for guiding the air to the cooling air intake space, the temperature of the cooling air to be supplied to the cooling air intake space can be reduced in advance. The flow rate of air required for the above can be suppressed, and the effect of further reducing NOx can be achieved.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the combustor according to the second or third aspect, further comprising a flow meter for measuring a flow rate of the air flowing inside the air supply pipe. The flow control valve is controlled based on the measurement result of (1).

That is, a flow meter is provided in an air supply pipe for guiding air to the cooling air intake space, and a flow control valve is controlled based on the flow rate measurement result by the flow meter to control the flow to the cooling air intake space. The amount of air supply can be adjusted accurately.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the combustor according to any one of the second to fourth aspects, further comprising a compressor for pressurizing and sending air flowing through the air supply pipe. Features.

That is, since the compressor is provided in the air supply pipe for guiding the air to the cooling air intake space, the cooling air can be pressurized and sent to the cooling air intake space, and the cooling air can be reliably supplied to the combustion chamber. Can be sent to

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a combustor having a burner for mixing and burning a plurality of types of fuels having different combustion temperatures with air, and a cylindrical combustion chamber into which combustion gas is fed from the burner. The combustion cylinder forming the combustion chamber is formed of plate fins that perform film cooling by feeding air on the outer peripheral side as cooling air along the inner surface to form an air film, and is formed by the plate fins. In the combustion cylinder, a cooling air intake space is formed by an outer cylinder provided with a gap on the outer periphery thereof, and communicates with the combustion chamber, and air on the outer peripheral side sent from the compressor is introduced into the combustion chamber. A bypass pipe provided at an end of the bypass pipe for adjusting an opening degree of the bypass pipe, and the bypass pipe is provided with an air supply communicating with the air intake space. There is formed, the bypass valve is characterized in that there is a flow control valve that adjusts the opening degree of the flow path of the air supply passage.

That is, by adjusting the opening degree of the air supply passage by the flow control valve comprising the bypass valve, the amount of air supplied to the cooling air intake space formed on the outer peripheral side of the combustion cylinder is adjusted. The amount of cooling air for performing film cooling on the inner surface of the combustion chamber can be adjusted. As a result, when burning various fuels having different combustion temperatures, the cooling performance of the combustion chamber can be adjusted in accordance with the combustion temperature, and the combustion efficiency decreases due to supercooling during combustion of the fuel having a low combustion temperature. It is possible to solve the problem that a large amount of air is used for cooling or cooling, and the air for combustion is restricted, which limits the reduction of NOx. In addition, by opening and closing the bypass pipe by the bypass valve, the gas can be directly introduced through the bypass pipe according to the combustion state in the combustion chamber, and good combustion efficiency can be obtained.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided the combustor according to any one of the first to sixth aspects, wherein the temperature sensor detects a temperature in the combustion chamber and a detection result from the temperature sensor. And a control device for controlling the flow control valve to adjust the supply amount of air to the cooling air intake space.

As described above, since the control device controls the flow regulating valve based on the detection result from the temperature sensor for detecting the temperature in the combustion chamber, the cooling air intake formed on the outer peripheral side of the combustion cylinder is controlled. By properly adjusting the amount of air sent into the entrance space in accordance with the combustion temperature, the amount of cooling air for performing film cooling on the inner surface of the combustion chamber can be adjusted.

According to a eighth aspect of the present invention, in the combustor according to any one of the first to seventh aspects, a liquid fuel supply source is provided on an outer peripheral side of an outer cylinder forming the cooling air intake space. A liquid fuel supply pipe for guiding the liquid fuel to be delivered to the burner is wound.

That is, since the liquid fuel supply pipe for supplying the liquid fuel to the burner is wound around the outer circumference of the outer cylinder forming the cooling air intake space, the liquid fuel flowing through the liquid fuel supply pipe cools the liquid fuel. The cooling air in the air intake space can be cooled, whereby the temperature of the cooling air sent from the plate fins into the combustion chamber can be reduced, and the flow rate of the air required for cooling can be reduced to further reduce NOx. A reduction effect can be achieved.

According to a ninth aspect, in the combustor according to the eighth aspect, a gap between the liquid fuel supply pipes wound around the outer cylinder and a gap between the liquid fuel supply pipe and the outer cylinder. In addition, a caulking material excellent in heat conductivity is embedded therein.

That is, since the liquid fuel supply pipe wound around the outer circumference of the outer cylinder is integrated with the outer cylinder by a caulking material having excellent heat conductivity, cooling air by the liquid fuel flowing through the liquid fuel supply pipe is provided. Cooling efficiency can be increased.

[0030]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments of the combustor according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The same components as those of the conventional art are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.
(First Embodiment) In FIG. 1, reference numeral 41 denotes a combustor according to the first embodiment.
This is a so-called dual-fired combustor capable of burning both gas fuel and liquid fuel.

The combustor 41 is provided with an outer cylinder 42 around the combustion cylinder 11 forming the combustion chamber 10a. The upper and lower ends of the outer cylinder 42 are fixed to the combustion cylinder 11 and are closed, whereby a space is formed on the outer peripheral side of the combustion cylinder 11 by the outer cylinder 42, and the space is cooled. An air intake space 43 is provided.

The outer cylinder 42 forming the cooling air intake space 43 is provided with an air intake 44 at a part thereof, and the air intake 44 has a flow rate for adjusting the opening degree. An adjustment valve 45 is provided.

Next, a case where combustion is performed by the combustor 41 having the above structure will be described. (1) When Burning Liquid Fuel When burning liquid fuel, the combustion cylinder 11 needs sufficient cooling air because of the high combustion temperature. Therefore, in this case, the opening degree of the air inlet 44 in the flow control valve 45 is increased, and air from the compressor 20 is taken into the cooling air intake space 43 as cooling air.

The cooling air introduced into the cooling air intake space 43 passes through the cooling air intake holes 33 of the plate fins 31 constituting the combustion cylinder 11 into the cooling flow passage 32 to perform convection cooling. Further, the liquid fuel flows out from the cooling air outflow hole 34 into the combustion cylinder 11 in which the liquid fuel is being burnt, and an air film is formed on the inner surface thereof, whereby the film is cooled.

(2) When Burning Gas Fuel When burning gas fuel, it is necessary to reduce the amount of cooling air supplied to the combustion cylinder 11 because it is lower than the combustion temperature of liquid fuel. Therefore, in this case, the flow control valve 45
The opening degree of the air inlet 44 in the above is reduced, and the amount of air taken in from the compressor 20 to be taken into the cooling air intake space 43 as cooling air is limited.

Then, the cooling air introduced into the cooling air intake space 43 passes through the cooling air intake hole 33 of the plate fin 31 constituting the combustion cylinder 11 into the cooling flow passage 32 to perform convection cooling. Then, the gas fuel flows out of the cooling air outflow hole 34 into the combustion cylinder 11 in which the gas fuel is being burned, and an air film is formed on the inner surface of the combustion cylinder 11 to cool the film.

As described above, according to the combustor 41 of the first embodiment, by adjusting the opening degree of the air intake 44 by the flow regulating valve 45, the cooling formed on the outer peripheral side of the combustion cylinder 11 is achieved. By adjusting the amount of air taken into the air intake space 43, the amount of cooling air for performing film cooling on the inner surface of the combustion chamber 10a can be adjusted.

Thus, when burning various fuels having different combustion temperatures, the combustion chamber 10a
The cooling performance can be adjusted, the combustion efficiency is reduced due to supercooling during the combustion of fuel having a low combustion temperature, and a large amount of air is used for cooling. Can be eliminated.

In the combustor 41 of the first embodiment, a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature in the combustion chamber 10a is provided, and based on the detection result from the temperature sensor, the air flow by the flow control valve 45 is adjusted. By providing a control device for controlling the opening of the intake 44, the supply amount of the cooling air can be adjusted extremely easily and accurately according to the combustion temperature in the combustion chamber 10a.

(Second Embodiment) In FIG.
Reference numeral 1 denotes a combustor according to the second embodiment. This combustor 51
Is not provided with an air intake 44 having a flow control valve 45 provided in an outer cylinder 42 of the combustor 41 of the first embodiment, and an air supply pipe 52 is connected to the outer cylinder 42. Thus, it is communicated with the cooling air intake space 43. This air supply pipe 52 is drawn out of the housing H of the gas turbine to the outside, and its end is connected to the housing H and communicates with the inside.

The air supply pipe 52 is provided with an orifice flow meter 53, a flow control valve 54, and a cooler 55 outside the housing H. The flow rate of air sent from the compressor 20 is controlled by the orifice flow rate. The air flowing through the air supply pipe 52 is measured by the
The flow rate is adjusted by the flow control valve 54 based on the measurement result from the orifice flow meter 53, and is cooled by the cooler 55 on the downstream side.

Then, the combustor 51 of the second embodiment example
Also, in the case of burning liquid fuel having a high combustion temperature, the flow control valve 54 increases the degree of opening of the flow path of the air supply pipe 52, and the air from the compressor 20 is used as cooling air to provide a cooling air intake space. When the gas fuel is burned, the opening degree of the flow path of the air supply pipe 52 in the flow control valve 54 is reduced because the temperature is lower than the combustion temperature of the liquid fuel. The amount of air taken in from the compressor 20 to be taken into the cooling air intake space 43 can be limited.

That is, the amount of air supplied to the cooling air intake space 43 can be adjusted according to the combustion temperature in the combustion chamber 10a, and the cooling performance in the combustion chamber 10a can be accurately adjusted. Further, the combustor 5 according to the second embodiment example
According to 1, since the air supply pipe 52 is drawn out of the housing H, an orifice flow meter 53, a flow control valve 54, a cooler 55 and the like are easily provided in a portion of the air supply pipe 52 drawn out of the housing H. And maintenance thereof is also very easy.

Further, since the cooler 55 is provided, the temperature of the cooling air to be supplied to the cooling air intake space 43 can be reduced in advance, so that the flow rate of the air required for cooling can be suppressed. A further NOx reduction effect can be achieved.

In addition, the flow control valve 54 is controlled based on the measurement result of the flow rate by the orifice flow meter 53, so that the amount of air supplied to the cooling air intake space 43 can be accurately adjusted. The air supply pipe 52 of the combustor 51 is provided with a compressor that pressurizes and sends out the air flowing through the air supply pipe 52 so that the cooling air intake space 43 is provided.
Cooling air into the combustion chamber 10
The cooling air can be reliably sent out to a.

(Third Embodiment) In FIG.
Reference numeral 1 denotes a combustor according to the third embodiment. This combustor 61
A liquid fuel supply pipe 62 for supplying liquid fuel from a liquid fuel supply source (not shown) to the premixing nozzle 12 is wound around the outer cylinder 42 of the combustor 41 of the first embodiment.

The liquid fuel supply pipe 62 is made of a metal material or the like having excellent heat resistance. As shown in FIG. 4, the liquid fuel supply pipe 62 is made of a caulking material 63 of a material having excellent heat conductivity. The gap between them and the gap between the liquid fuel supply pipe 62 and the outer cylinder 42 are filled. As the caulking material 63, clay, ceramics, or the like is suitable for use.

Then, the combustor 61 of the third embodiment example
Also, in the case of burning liquid fuel having a high combustion temperature, the opening of the air intake 44 is increased by the flow regulating valve 45, and the air from the compressor 20 is used as cooling air in the cooling air intake space 43. When the gas fuel is burned, the opening degree of the air inlet 44 in the flow rate control valve 45 is reduced because the temperature is lower than the combustion temperature of the liquid fuel. 43
The amount of air taken in from the compressor 20 can be limited.

That is, the amount of air supplied to the cooling air intake space 43 is adjusted in accordance with the combustion temperature in the combustion chamber 10a, and the cooling performance in the combustion chamber 10a can be accurately adjusted.

According to the combustor 61 of the third embodiment, a liquid fuel supply pipe for supplying liquid fuel to the premixing nozzle 12 is provided around the outer cylinder 42 forming the cooling air intake space 43. Since the coil 62 is wound, the cooling air in the cooling air intake space 43 can be cooled by the liquid fuel flowing through the liquid fuel supply pipe 62, whereby the cooling air from the plate fins 31 into the combustion chamber 10 a. The temperature of the cooling air to be sent can be reduced, the flow rate of air required for cooling can be suppressed, and the effect of further reducing NOx can be achieved.

Since the liquid fuel supply pipe 62 wound around the outer periphery of the outer cylinder 42 is integrated with the outer cylinder 42 by a caulking material 63 having excellent heat conductivity, the inside of the liquid fuel supply pipe 62 is The cooling efficiency of the cooling air by the flowing liquid fuel can be increased.

(Fourth Embodiment) In FIG.
Reference numeral 1 denotes a combustor according to the fourth embodiment. This combustor 71
Is not provided with an air inlet 44 having a flow control valve 45 provided in the outer cylinder 42 of the combustor 41 of the first embodiment, and a bypass pipe 72 is connected to the outer cylinder 42. I have. A bypass valve 73 provided inside the housing H of the gas turbine is connected to an end of the bypass pipe 72.

The bypass pipe 72 has a bypass passage 72 a communicating with the inside of the combustion chamber 10 a and a cooling air intake space 4.
3 and an air supply passage 72 b communicating with the air passage 3. The bypass passage 72 a and the air supply passage 72 b are opened and closed by a bypass valve 73.

Then, the combustor 71 of the fourth embodiment example
Also, in the case of burning the liquid fuel having a high combustion temperature, the opening degree of the air supply passage 72b is increased by the bypass valve 73, and the air from the compressor 20 is used as the cooling air in the cooling air intake space 43. When the gas fuel is burned, the gas supply temperature is lower than the combustion temperature of the liquid fuel.
Can be reduced, and the amount of air taken in from the compressor 20 to be taken into the cooling air intake space 43 as cooling air can be limited.

That is, the amount of air supplied to the cooling air intake space 43 is adjusted in accordance with the combustion temperature in the combustion chamber 10a, and the cooling performance in the combustion chamber 10a can be accurately adjusted. Further, the combustor 7 of the fourth embodiment example
1, the air of the compressor 20 is directly introduced into the combustion chamber 10a through the bypass passage 72a according to the combustion state in the combustion chamber 10a by opening and closing the bypass passage 72a by the bypass valve 73. And good combustion efficiency can be obtained.

[0056]

As described above, according to the combustor of the present invention, the following effects can be obtained. According to the first aspect of the present invention, the amount of air taken into the cooling air intake space formed on the outer peripheral side of the combustion cylinder is adjusted by adjusting the opening of the air intake with the flow control valve. do it,
The amount of cooling air for performing film cooling on the inner surface of the combustion chamber can be adjusted. As a result, when burning various fuels having different combustion temperatures, the cooling performance of the combustion chamber can be adjusted in accordance with the combustion temperature, and the combustion efficiency decreases due to supercooling during combustion of the fuel having a low combustion temperature. It is possible to solve the problem that a large amount of air is used for cooling or cooling, and the air for combustion is restricted, which limits the reduction of NOx.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, by controlling the opening of the flow path of the air supply pipe by the flow rate adjusting valve, the cooling air intake space formed on the outer peripheral side of the combustion cylinder can be cooled. By adjusting the amount of air supplied, the amount of cooling air for cooling the film on the inner surface of the combustion chamber can be adjusted. As a result, when burning various fuels having different combustion temperatures, the cooling performance of the combustion chamber can be adjusted in accordance with the combustion temperature, and the combustion efficiency decreases due to supercooling during combustion of the fuel having a low combustion temperature. It is possible to solve the problem that a large amount of air is used for cooling or cooling, and the air for combustion is restricted, which limits the reduction of NOx.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, since the cooler is provided in the air supply pipe for guiding the air to the cooling air intake space, the temperature of the cooling air to be supplied to the cooling air intake space is set in advance. Therefore, the flow rate of air required for cooling can be suppressed, and the effect of further reducing NOx can be achieved.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, a flow meter is provided in the air supply pipe for guiding air to the cooling air intake space, and the flow regulating valve is controlled based on the flow rate measured by the flow meter. Thus, the amount of air sent into the cooling air intake space can be accurately adjusted.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, since the compressor is provided in the air supply pipe for guiding the air to the cooling air intake space, it is possible to pressurize and send the cooling air to the cooling air intake space. As a result, the cooling air can be reliably sent to the combustion chamber.

According to the combustor according to the sixth aspect, the opening of the air supply passage is adjusted by the flow rate adjusting valve constituted by the bypass valve, so that the cooling air intake space formed on the outer peripheral side of the combustion cylinder is formed. The amount of cooling air that cools the film on the inner surface of the combustion chamber can be adjusted by adjusting the amount of air supplied. As a result, when burning various fuels having different combustion temperatures, the cooling performance of the combustion chamber can be adjusted in accordance with the combustion temperature, and the combustion efficiency decreases due to supercooling during combustion of the fuel having a low combustion temperature. It is possible to solve the problem that a large amount of air is used for cooling or cooling, and the air for combustion is restricted, which limits the reduction of NOx. In addition, by opening and closing the bypass pipe by the bypass valve, the gas can be directly introduced through the bypass pipe according to the combustion state in the combustion chamber, and good combustion efficiency can be obtained.

According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, the control device controls the flow regulating valve based on the detection result from the temperature sensor for detecting the temperature in the combustion chamber.
The amount of air sent to the cooling air intake space formed on the outer peripheral side of the combustion cylinder is accurately adjusted according to the combustion temperature,
The amount of cooling air for performing film cooling on the inner surface of the combustion chamber can be adjusted.

According to the eighth aspect of the present invention, since the liquid fuel supply pipe for supplying the liquid fuel to the burner is wound around the outer circumference of the outer cylinder forming the cooling air intake space, The cooling air in the cooling air intake space can be cooled by the liquid fuel flowing in the supply pipe, whereby the temperature of the cooling air sent from the plate fins into the combustion chamber can be reduced, and the air required for cooling can be reduced. , The NOx reduction effect can be further improved.

According to the ninth aspect of the present invention, since the liquid fuel supply pipe wound around the outer periphery of the outer cylinder is integrated with the outer cylinder by a caulking material having excellent heat conductivity, the liquid fuel supply pipe is provided. The cooling efficiency of the cooling air by the liquid fuel flowing in the pipe can be increased.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a combustor illustrating a configuration and a structure of a combustor according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view of a combustor illustrating a configuration and a structure of a combustor according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view of a combustor illustrating a configuration and a structure of a combustor according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a part of a combustion chamber constituting a combustor according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic sectional view of a combustor illustrating a configuration and a structure of a combustor according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a combustor illustrating a configuration and a structure of a conventional combustor.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a part of a plate fin used in a combustion chamber constituting a combustor, as viewed in section.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Main burner (burner) 10a Combustion chamber 11 Combustion cylinder 20 Compressor 31 Plate fin 41, 51, 61, 71 Combustor 42 Outer cylinder 43 Cooling air intake space 44 Air intake 45 Flow control valve 52 Air supply pipe 53 Orifice flow meter (flow meter) 54 Flow control valve 55 Cooler 62 Liquid fuel supply pipe 63 Caulking material 72 Bypass pipe 72b Air supply path 73 Bypass valve (Flow control valve)

Claims (9)

[Claims] 1. A combustor having a burner for mixing and burning a plurality of types of fuels having different combustion temperatures with air, and a cylindrical combustion chamber into which combustion gas is fed from the burner. The combustion cylinder to be formed is formed of plate fins that perform film cooling by sending air on the outer peripheral side as cooling air along the inner surface to form an air film, and the combustion cylinder formed by the plate fin has A cooling air intake space portion is formed by an outer cylinder provided with a gap on the outer periphery, and the outer cylinder communicates with the cooling air intake space portion, and the outer peripheral air sent from the compressor is communicated with the outer cylinder. A combustor, characterized in that an air intake leading to the cooling air intake space is formed, and the air intake is provided with a flow control valve for adjusting the opening thereof. 2. A combustor having a burner for mixing and burning a plurality of types of fuels having different combustion temperatures with air, and a cylindrical combustion chamber into which combustion gas is fed from the burner. The combustion cylinder to be formed is formed of plate fins that perform film cooling by sending air on the outer peripheral side as cooling air along the inner surface to form an air film, and the combustion cylinder formed by the plate fin has A cooling air intake space is formed by an outer cylinder provided with a gap on the outer periphery, and the outer cylinder communicates with the air intake space to allow air from a compressor to pass through the cooling air intake space. A combustor, characterized in that an air supply pipe leading to the section is connected to the air supply pipe, and the air supply pipe is provided with a flow control valve for adjusting the degree of opening of the flow path. 3. The combustor according to claim 2, wherein the air supply pipe is provided with a cooler for cooling air flowing inside the air supply pipe. 4. The air supply pipe is provided with a flow meter for measuring a flow rate of air flowing inside the air supply pipe, and the flow control valve is controlled based on a flow rate measurement result by the flow meter. The combustor according to claim 2 or 3, wherein 5. The combustor according to claim 2, wherein the air supply pipe is provided with a compressor that pressurizes and sends air flowing through the air supply pipe. 6. A combustor having a burner for mixing a plurality of types of fuels having different combustion temperatures with air and burning the mixture, and a cylindrical combustion chamber into which combustion gas is sent from the burner. The combustion cylinder to be formed is formed of plate fins that perform film cooling by sending air on the outer peripheral side as cooling air along the inner surface to form an air film, and the combustion cylinder formed by the plate fin has A cooling air intake space is formed by an outer cylinder provided with a gap in the outer periphery, a bypass pipe communicating with the combustion chamber, and guiding the outer air sent from the compressor into the combustion chamber, and a bypass pipe. A bypass valve that is provided at an end of the pipe and adjusts an opening degree of the pipe; an air supply path that communicates with the air intake space is formed in the bypass pipe; Pass valve, a combustor, characterized in that there is a flow control valve that adjusts the opening degree of the flow path of the air supply passage. 7. A temperature sensor for detecting a temperature in the combustion chamber, and based on a detection result from the temperature sensor, controlling a flow rate control valve to control an amount of air supplied to the cooling air intake space. The combustor according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising a controller for adjusting. 8. A liquid fuel supply pipe for guiding liquid fuel sent from a liquid fuel supply source to the burner is wound around the outer cylinder forming the cooling air intake space. The method according to claim 1, wherein
The combustor according to the item. 9. A caulking material excellent in heat conductivity is filled in gaps between the liquid fuel supply pipes wound around the outer cylinder and in gaps between the liquid fuel supply pipes and the outer cylinder. 9. The combustor according to claim 8, wherein: