JP2002146814A - Concrete block and construction method for wall body by the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a concrete block capable of easily and properly constructing a wall body for protecting a face of slope. SOLUTION: A reserve part 2 having a smaller cross section than that of a surface 1A and a predetermined length is formed on the rear side of a front head part 1 whose surface 1A forms a square shape. Moreover, a rear head part 3 opposing to the front head part 1 and having a square surface 3A is formed at a tip of the reserve part 2. In particular, the rear head part 3 has a twist of 45 degrees for the front head part 1, and the rear head parts 3 are continuous lengthwise and crosswise when the front head parts 1 are piled up like a valley so that end faces thereof come into contact mutually. For this reason, each block can be piled up in a parallel condition to construct the predetermined wall body easily and properly without nipping pebbles between the reserve parts 2.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a concrete masonry block used for protecting a slope formed by cutting or embankment, and a method of constructing a wall using the block.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In general, concrete building blocks are often used for construction of retaining walls for the purpose of protecting slopes caused by seawalls or cuts for preventing erosion of rivers. A knowledge block as shown in FIG. 16 is generally well known as a product block. In FIG. 16, reference numeral 11 denotes a forehead having a rectangular surface, and a truncated pyramid-shaped recess 12 is formed on the back side thereof. According to such a clue block, as shown in FIG. 17 and FIG. 18, the end wall 13 of the forehead 11 is brought into contact with the end face 13 (abutment) while being piled up along the slope 14 to form a strong wall. Can build the body. In addition, a backing split stone 15 is packed between the torso (friend surface) of each block and the slope 14, and concrete 16 is filled between the retaining portions 12. In particular, when the concrete 16 is filled,
As shown in FIG. 7, a plate-shaped formwork 17 (concrete panel) is addressed.

[0003]

However, since the above-mentioned intellectual blocks are generally stacked alternately at an angle of 45 degrees, the arrangement thereof is very difficult. In particular, the stacked portions are tapered because the stacked portions are tapered. Figure 1 between
7. As shown in FIG. 18, it was necessary to support the upper block by sandwiching the pebbles 18 and the like. However, such an adjustment is troublesome and time-consuming, and if the support is inappropriate, there is a problem that the tip of the retaining portion is lowered until the concrete 16 is hardened, and the wall surface is distorted.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to make it possible to appropriately and easily construct a wall using a concrete block.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a concrete building block and a method of constructing a wall using the same as described below. (1) A notch having a cross section smaller than the forehead and a predetermined length is formed on the back side of the forehead having a polygonal surface, and an end face of the forehead is attached to the tip of the notch. A concrete masonry block in which an occipital region is formed such that the end faces abut at least in the vertical direction when stacked in order. (2) The front surface of the forehead and the back of the head are square, and the back of the head has a twist of 45 degrees with respect to the front of the head in a plane parallel to the front of the head. Concrete masonry block. (3) The concrete masonry block according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the central positions of the forehead and the back of the head are provided on the same line perpendicular to the mutual surfaces. (4) On the back side of the forehead having a rectangular surface with a ratio of the lengths of two orthogonal sides of 1: 1 to 1: 2, a cross section smaller than the forehead and a retaining portion having a predetermined length are provided. At the same time, the occipital region having a rectangular surface facing the forehead is formed at the tip of the recess, and the center positions of the occipital region and the forehead coincide with each other in the facing direction. A concrete block having an occiput having a twist of 45 degrees with respect to the forehead in a plane parallel to the forehead, and having a surface area larger than half the surface area of the forehead and equal to or smaller than the same. . (5) A notch having a cross section smaller than the forehead and a predetermined length is formed on the back side of the forehead having a square surface, and the length of the short side is at the tip of the notch. An occiput having a rectangular surface that is half the length of the diagonal line on the surface of the forehead and whose long side is equal to or less than the length of the diagonal line is formed, and the center position between the back head and the forehead is determined. A concrete masonry block which is congruent with each other in a face-to-face direction, said occiput having a 45 degree twist with respect to said forehead in a plane parallel to said forehead. (6) On the back side of the forehead having a rectangular surface whose length of the long side is equal to or less than twice the short side, a notch having a cross section smaller than the forehead and a predetermined length is formed. At the same time, an occipital region having a square surface whose diagonal length is the same as the length of the long side of the forehead is formed at the tip of the recess, and the center positions of the forehead and the forehead are mutually aligned. Face-to-face direction, and the occiput is 45
Concrete block with degree of twist. (7) The concrete block according to any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein engagement flanges are alternately formed on both end surfaces forming side surfaces of the occipital region. (8) A method for constructing a wall body using the concrete masonry block according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the end faces of the forehead and the end face of the occipital area are brought close to or in contact with each other. A method of constructing a wall with a concrete building block, characterized in that concrete is filled between the forehead and back of the head while sequentially stacking the concrete building blocks.

[0006]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. First, FIG. 1 shows a preferred example of a concrete building block according to the present invention. This product block has a forehead 1 having a rectangular surface 1A, a recess 2 extending from the back side of the front 1 in a direction perpendicular to the surface 1A, and a recess facing the front 1. And an occipital region 3 formed at the front end of each of them, and these parts are integrally molded from concrete.

In particular, in this embodiment, the front surface 1A of the forehead 1 is rectangular, and the ratio of the lengths a ₁ and a ₂ of two orthogonal sides is 3: 4 (1: 1.3). . On the other hand, the retaining portion 2 is tapered in a pyramid shape, a cross section (longitudinal cross section) parallel to the surface 1A of the forehead 1 is made smaller than the surface 1A, and the length L of the forehead 1 is the set to 1-3 times the length of the long side a _2. On the other hand, the occipital region 3 has a rectangular shape (rectangle in this example) with two orthogonal sides b ₁ and b _2.
It has a surface 3A of (friend plane), on both end faces of the opposite short side forming the side flange 3B along its length b ₁ direction is formed in the staggered back and forth.

In particular, the occiput 3 has a twist of 45 degrees counterclockwise with respect to the forehead 1 when viewed from the forehead 1 side in a plane parallel to the forehead 1, as shown in FIG. Tsuba 3
The center position of the entire body including B is aligned with the center position O of the forehead 1 in the direction facing the forehead 1.
In this example, the surface 3A of the occipital region 3 has the lengths b ₁ and b2 of _two orthogonal sides set as follows, and the surface area (surface 3A) is the surface area of the frontal region 1 (surface 1A). Is the same as

[0009] ^{_{b 1 = 2 1/2 a 2/}} 2, b 2 = 2 1/2 a 1 and, according to the product block constructed as described above,
The forehead 1 is formed as a valley as shown in FIG. 4, and the occiput 3 is arranged vertically and horizontally in a laid state as shown by a dotted line. In other words, when the forehead 1 is inclined 45 degrees with respect to the horizontal plane, and the end faces formed by the sides of the surface 1A are sequentially contacted and stacked, the occiput 3 is aligned vertically and horizontally and faces the surface 3A. both end both end faces formed by the two sides (long sides the length and b ₂ in this example) along with so adjoining in the forward in the vertical direction, the other two sides (short sides of a length of b ₁₎ is formed The surfaces come into contact with each other with the mutual engagement of the flanges 3B as shown in FIG. For this reason, each block can be easily and properly stacked without causing a support such as pebbles to bite between the retaining portions 2 as in the related art.

[0010] The product block of the present embodiment is configured as a set of two having different torsion directions of the occipital region 3, and these are alternately stacked up and down. That is,
The head 3 is twisted 45 degrees counterclockwise and the clockwise 45 degrees twisted clockwise with respect to the frontal head 1 and is configured to be used by dividing them into odd and even stages.
It is desirable to make a marking on the surface 3A of the occipital region 3 or the like so that the distinction can be easily made. Here, the front head 1 is not limited to the valley, but may be a cloth. In this case, the occiput 3 is in a valley state, and in each case, a very strong load-bearing wall can be constructed.

The preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described above.
The ratio of the length a _1, a ₂ of the orthogonal two sides of the surface 1A of the frontal 1 in the above Example 1: 1 to 1: can be changed in two ranges. At this time, the surface area of the occipital region 3 (surface 3A) is set to be equal to or less than the surface area of the forehead 1 and larger than half thereof, and the lengths b ₁ and b ₂ of two orthogonal sides are represented by the following equations. .

B₁= 2^1/2a_Two/ 2,2^1/2a₁/ 2 <b_Two≦ 2^1/2a₁ FIG.₁: A_Two= 1: 1, ie surface 1 of forehead 1
This is an example in which A is square. Occipital region 3 in this example as well
Has a 45 degree twist with respect to the forehead 1 and its surface 3A
Is less than the surface area of the forehead 1 and greater than half
It is rectangular. The length of two orthogonal sides of the surface 3A
Sa b₁, B_TwoIs the shorter side length b ₁Is the forehead 1
Half the length X of the diagonal line on the surface 1A, and the length of the long side
b_TwoIs equal to or less than the length X of the diagonal line, but FIG.
The part 3 is on the concentric line of the forehead 1 and its long side length b_Two
Is the maximum (diagonal length X). And
In the product block of this example, as shown in FIG.
And the end faces of the occipital region 3 touch each other in the vertical and horizontal directions
I will come. In particular, the occipital region in the configurations shown in FIGS.
Without forming the flange 3B as in the above example on both end surfaces of the portion 3,
Types can be stacked in order.

[0013] Next, FIG. 8 is a _1: a ₂ = 1: 2, i.e. prior to its short side a ₁ of the surface 1A of the head 1 of the long sides to the length length a ₂ of double This is an example of a rectangular shape. Also in this example, the frontal region 1 and the occipital region 3 have a relative twist of 45 degrees in a parallel plane, and the surface 3A of the occipital region 3 is
And a square or rectangular shape having a surface area equal to or less than a half of the surface area. The lengths b ₁ and b ₂ of the two orthogonal sides of the surface 3A can be obtained from the above equation.
Indicates a state in which the surface 3A is on the concentric line of the forehead 1 and the surface 3A is the largest square. At this time, the length Y of the diagonals is the same as the length a ₂ of the long side of the forehead 1. 9, the end blocks of the occipital region 3 are in contact with each other in the vertical and horizontal directions. In particular, in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, one type can be alternately stacked without forming the flanges 3 </ b> B on both end surfaces of the occipital region 3.

However, in order to form a wall having a large proof strength, it is desirable to form the flanges 3B on both end surfaces of the rear head 3 as in the above example even in the product blocks shown in FIGS. Note that it is preferable that the center position of the occipital region 3 coincides with the center position of the frontal region 1 as in each of the above examples in terms of stability. However, the center positions may be different from each other.

FIG. 10 is a plan view showing one example.
Even with this type of product block, as shown in FIG.
Can be piled up while the end faces of each other are in contact with each other in the vertical direction. In particular, in this example, the length b2 of the long side on the surface 3A of the occipital region 3 is set to be smaller than the allowable maximum dimension, and when the forehead 1 is connected in a plane, a gap is formed between the end surfaces of the occipital region 3 in the left-right direction. To be formed. And
In the case where the width of the occipital region 3 is set as small as possible, when the forehead 1 is stacked in a curved shape in the left-right direction corresponding to a corner of a road or the like, the end surfaces forming the side surfaces of the occipital region 3 12 can be engaged as shown in FIG.

Here, the product block according to the present invention is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 3, the occipital region 3 may not be twisted with respect to the forehead region 1 mainly for lamination. In this example, the frontal region 1 and the occipital region 3 are both the surfaces 1A, 3
Although A has a rectangular shape, the ratio of the lengths a ₁ and a ₂ of two orthogonal sides on the surface 1A of the forehead 1 can be freely set. The length of two sides perpendicular the surface of the occipital b _1, b ₂ is set to _{b 1 = a 1, a 2} /2 <b 2 ≦ a 2.

In the present invention, the forehead 1 may be a polygon other than a square. FIG. 14 shows an example in which the forehead 1 is a regular hexagon. At this time, the occiput 3 is a rectangle as shown by a dotted line in addition to a regular hexagon congruent with the forehead 1. Then, the product blocks of this example can also be piled up as shown in FIG.

Next, a method of constructing a wall using the concrete building block of the present invention configured as described above will be described. In FIG. 15, reference numeral 4 denotes a slope formed by cutting or the like, and a concrete foundation 5 is previously provided below the slope. Thus, on the foundation 5, the application blocks constructed as described above are sequentially stacked along the slope 4. At this time, the end faces of the forehead 1 and the back face 3 of each concrete masonry block are brought close to each other via a joint forming metal, or are brought into contact without using such a metal. Then, each time one layer is stacked, concrete 6 is filled between the forehead 1 and the occipital region 3, and a back-cut split stone 7 is packed between the occipital region 3 and the slope 4. Then, a wall covering the slope 4 can be constructed by repeating the above operations. In particular, according to the block of the present invention used for this, since the occipital region 3 extends vertically and horizontally to form an integrated surface, a concrete casting form is required when filling the concrete 6 between the occipital region 1 and the occipital region 1. do not do.

[0019]

As is apparent from the above description, according to the present invention, a concrete building block having a back part formed on the back side of the front part via a retaining part is stacked while contacting the end faces of the front part. Since the end faces of the occipital region are also in contact with each other at the top and bottom, there is no need to use a pebble or the like to support the holding portion as in the related art, and the stacking operation can be performed properly and smoothly. Moreover, since the occipital regions are connected to each other to form an integrated surface, when filling concrete between the stays, it is not necessary to address the formwork to the front end surface of the stay as in the conventional case, Since the process can be omitted, work efficiency is greatly improved.

Also, since the frontal and occipital surfaces are rectangular and have a relative twist of 45 degrees in a plane parallel to each other, the occipital region is formed by stacking the forehead region. It can be stacked in a laid state. For this reason, it is possible to easily obtain a good-looking wall surface by arranging the forehead regularly without rattling, especially when the center position of the forehead and the back of the head is matched in the facing direction, so that the stacking when stacking Good stability.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a preferred example of a concrete building block according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view of the block shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a plan view of the block shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a wall view showing a state in which the blocks shown in FIG. 1 are piled up;

FIG. 5 is a partial plan view showing a state in which the blocks shown in FIG. 1 are piled up;

FIG. 6 is a front view showing a modified example of the concrete masonry block according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a wall view showing a state in which the blocks shown in FIG.

FIG. 8 is a front view showing a modified example of the concrete masonry block according to the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a wall view showing a state in which the blocks shown in FIG.

FIG. 10 is a front view showing a modified example of the concrete masonry block according to the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a wall view showing a state in which the blocks shown in FIG.

12 is a partial plan view showing a state where the blocks shown in FIG. 10 are connected in a curved shape in the left-right direction.

FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing a modified example of the concrete block according to the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a wall view showing a state in which another concrete block according to the present invention is piled up.

FIG. 15 is a sectional view of a wall surface constructed using the concrete masonry block of the present invention.

FIG. 16 is a perspective view showing a conventional concrete block (machin block).

17 is a sectional view showing a state where the blocks of FIG. 16 are stacked;

FIG. 18 is a sectional view of a wall surface constructed using the blocks of FIG. 16;

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Forehead 1A Surface of forehead 2 Recessed part 3 Occipital region 3A Surface of occipital region 3B Flange 4 Slope 5 Foundation 6 Concrete 7 Backing split chestnut

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A forehead having a cross section smaller than the forehead and a predetermined length is formed on the back side of the forehead having a polygonal surface, and the forehead of the forehead is formed at the tip of the forehead. A concrete masonry block in which an occipital region is formed such that the end faces are in contact at least in the vertical direction when the end faces are sequentially joined and stacked. 2. The frontal and occipital surfaces are rectangular, and the occipital has a twist of 45 degrees with respect to the forehead in a plane parallel to the forehead. Concrete block as described. 3. The concrete building block according to claim 1, wherein the central positions of the forehead and the occiput are provided on the same line perpendicular to the mutual surfaces. 4. The ratio of the lengths of two orthogonal sides is 1: 1 to 1:
A front part having a cross section smaller than the front head and a predetermined length is formed on the back side of the front head having a square surface, and a front end of the front part facing the front head. An occipital region having a surface of a shape is formed, and the center positions of the occipital region and the frontal region coincide with each other in the facing direction, and the occipital region is positioned 45 degrees from the frontal region in a plane parallel to the frontal region. A concrete building block having a degree of twist and having a surface area larger than half the surface area of the forehead and equal to or smaller than the same. 5. A front part having a cross section smaller than the front part and a predetermined length is formed on the back side of the front part having a square surface, and the length of the short side is formed at the tip of the front part. Is a half of the diagonal length of the surface of the forehead, the occiput having a rectangular surface whose long side is equal to or less than the length of the diagonal is formed, and the center of the back and the forehead A concrete masonry block whose position coincides with each other in a facing direction, said occiput having a 45 degree twist with respect to said forehead in a plane parallel to said forehead. 6. A cross section smaller than the forehead and a notch having a predetermined length are formed on the back side of the forehead having a rectangular surface whose long side is twice or less than the short side. At the same time, an occiput having a square surface whose diagonal length is the same as the length of the long side of the forehead is formed at the tip of the recess, and the center position between the back and the forehead is A concrete masonry block which is congruent with each other in a face-to-face direction, said occiput having a 45 degree twist with respect to said forehead in a plane parallel to said forehead. 7. The concrete masonry block according to claim 2, wherein engagement flanges are alternately formed on both end surfaces forming side surfaces of the occipital region. 8. A method for constructing a wall using the concrete block according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein end faces of the frontal part and end faces of the occipital part are close to or in contact with each other. A method of constructing a wall with a concrete building block, characterized in that concrete is filled between the forehead and back of the head while sequentially stacking the concrete building blocks.