JP2002140833A - Optical card reader - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain an optical card reader which can perform random access to a card having large capacity tracks in a clean state. SOLUTION: The optical card reader is equipped with a head assembly which is rotationally driven within the short side width of a card, moves linearly relative to the direction of the long side of the card while facing a freely exchangeable rectangular optical or magneto-optical recording card, and records signals on a plurality of arc-shaped recording tracks whose both ends are swelled to the side located along a central line of the direction of the long side of the card or which obtains the reproduced signal from the track, a recording/reproducing circuit which carries out random access seeking, and records information on the recording track of the card or reproduces information, and a card holding mechanism which positions and holds the card and carries out relative movement in the direction of the long side of the card relative to the head assembly. An optical lens 151a for recording or reproducing of the card is prepared in the plane of rotation of the head assembly, and an optical path for the optical lenses is provided in the central shaft of rotational drive 16 of the head assembly.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a card recording device for an electronic computer.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art To date, practically used external storage devices include IC memory using semiconductor technology such as ROM and RAM, and magnetic recording such as hard disk and floppy disk (floppy is a registered trademark). Magnetic disk drive, magnetic tape drive, CD-RO using technology
M, write-once, rewritable optical disk devices and the like using optical recording technology. Each of these devices has a large storage capacity, and a device other than a magnetic tape device has a feature that arbitrary information can be searched in a short time. The card reader includes a magnetic card reader using the same magnetic recording technology as the above-described magnetic disk device and an optical card reader using the optical recording technology. The card used in each device has a business card size rectangle, and several recording tracks are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the card. In a magnetic disk drive, the track is circular, so that information on the track can be repeatedly reproduced. However, in a conventional card reader, the track on the card is a straight track with both ends cut off, so the track on the same track There is a disadvantage that information cannot be accessed continuously.

FIG. 120 shows the structure of a conventional magnetic card. There are two types of magnetic cards, one having a magnetic film on the entire surface of the card and one having a stripe-shaped magnetic film coated on a part of the card in the longitudinal direction. FIG.
0 (a) is a cross-sectional view of a magnetic card when a magnetic film is provided on one side of the card. FIG. 120B is a plan view of the card showing only the magnetic film. In the figure, a magnetic card 1000 is coated with a thin magnetic film 1002 of several micrometers on the lower side of a substrate 1001 made of PVC, PET, or synthetic paper, and further below it, of several micrometers to several tens of micrometers. There is a protective layer 1003 for protecting the magnetic film 1002 from the outside and a printed layer 1004 for printing printed characters and the like. The substrate 10
On the upper side of 01, a printing layer 1005 for printing pictograms and a transparent protective layer 1006 for protecting the printing layer 1005 are formed. FIG. 120 (c) is a plan view in the case where the magnetic card has a stripe-shaped magnetic material in a part thereof, and is a diagram showing only the magnetic film. This magnetic card is mainly used for cash cards, telephone cards, credit cards and the like.

FIG. 121 is a principle diagram of a magnetic card reader writing / reading device described in an in-house card use handbook published by Fuji Techno System Co., Ltd. In the figure, first, there are feed rolls 1007 and 1008 for moving the magnetic card 1000 back and forth, and
Reference numeral 07 denotes a drive motor 1009 which rotates via a belt 1010. For example, by rotating in the direction of arrow A, the magnetic card 1000 sandwiched between the feed roll 1007 and the pressure roll 1011 moves in the direction of arrow B, and subsequently enters between the magnetic head 1012 and the head pressure roll 1013. While passing through the magnetic head 1012, the magnetic card 1000 records and reproduces information on the magnetic layer 1002 on the magnetic card 1000. Further, the magnetic card 1000 moves while being sandwiched between the feed roll 1007 and the pressure roll 10011, and is inserted between the feed roll 1008 and the pressure roll 1014. The feed roll 1007 and the feed roll 1008 are interlocked with the belt 1015.
07 and 1008 have the same diameter.
The magnetic card 1000 sent at 007 and 1008 moves to the arrow B at a constant speed, and is finally ejected from the magnetic card reader.

The above is a method of moving the magnetic card in one direction in the apparatus. After recording and reproducing information, the magnetic card is ejected from the original insertion slot by rotating the drive motor 1007 in the reverse direction. There is also a method. In the above magnetic card reader, the magnetic card is moved in one direction, and information is recorded and reproduced with several magnetic heads arranged on a plane, and it can handle only tens of bytes of information, and performs repeated recording and reproduction. To do this, the ejected magnetic card had to be re-inserted by a human hand. There is a method that can solve this inconvenience and can access information on the same track repeatedly as in the case of the magnetic disk. This method uses a helical scan of a magnetic tape wrapped around a rotating drum used in a VTR or a tape device for storing information data, and uses a plurality of magnetic heads on the drum to perform recording and reproduction. A plurality of magnetic heads are arranged and rotated on a circumference of the same radius on a table (turntable) to form an arc-shaped recording / reproducing track on a magnetic recording medium. Is what you do. Japanese Patent Application No. 62-194717 discloses a "magnetic card reader" in which the rotation of a turntable and the movement of a carriage on which the motor is mounted are linked with the rotation of a turntable by one motor, and a plurality of magnetic heads on the turntable form a track. The present invention relates to a device structure to be formed, and proposes an improvement of a part of a device that handles a spiral track trajectory instead of a circular track trajectory. Japanese Patent Application No. 63-228212, entitled "Magnetic Card and Magnetic Card Issuing Apparatus", uses a method of storing data in a circular track shown in FIG. 122 instead of the sprite track of the magnetic card shown in FIG. Is shown. That is, the magnetic head 1016 is provided on the recording surface of the magnetic card 1000.
A method of recording data on a circular track 1017 by using a circular track and magnetizing at a density corresponding to 210 BPI / 75 BPI specified in JIS at the same time when the diameter of the circular track is 38 mm is used. It is introduced that the length becomes 1.7 times the conventional length. The feature of this method is that one circular track is formed on the magnetic card.

In the "card-type information reproducing apparatus" of Japanese Patent Application No. 59-66777, as shown in FIG.
Dimensions of the ID card (JISB-9560) in a system in which tracks T-1, T-2,...
It is introduced that the magnetic card 1000 can store 3000 tracks of arc-shaped tracks that fit within 55 mm in width and that have an effective length of about 80 mm and a track width of 26 μm. In this method, the magnetic head is constituted by an arc-shaped track extending in one direction with respect to the longitudinal direction of the magnetic card, and in the subsequent track, a period occurs in which the magnetic head projects outside the magnetic card.

Japanese Patent Application No. 62-223468, Japanese Patent Application No. 1-2
Similarly, the 18020 uses a system using a one-way arc-shaped track. In Japanese Patent Application No. 2-24759, entitled "Magnetic Card Positioning Method in Magnetic Storage Device", FIG.
As shown in FIG. 24, the magnetic card 1000 is provided with a header section in which the start and end track numbers of the arc-shaped track 1018 of the apparatus for tracing an arc-shaped track having a constant radius are provided. The degree of track deviation is detected by comparing the track numbers, and the magnetic card 100
0, a fixing pin 1019 is inserted into a hole on one side, and a movable pin 1020 inserted into two holes on opposite sides of the fixing pin 1019 is moved and positioned. The motor 1022 is outside the magnetic card, and the magnetic head 1021 is outside the magnetic card 1000 except for recording and reproduction. Japanese Patent Application No. 2-15735
No. 8 “Magnetic recording cartridge” proposes a magnetic recording cartridge in which a magnetic card and a moving mechanism for moving the magnetic card in the surface direction, a support arm for a plurality of magnetic heads, and a magnetic head are housed in the same storage case. A large, substantially rectangular hole is formed in the center of the arc-shaped track area facing each other so that the rotating shaft and other components do not hinder the movement of the magnetic card in the surface direction. The above is
This is a conventional example of a magnetic card reader having a recording track other than a straight line. The number of tracks in the above-described arc-shaped recording track can be increased as compared with a conventional magnetic card in the form of a slide,
There is an advantage that the same arc-shaped track can be continuously accessed.

[0008]

Generally, magnetic card readers are often built into relatively large devices that can be placed on the floor, such as cash cards, telephone cards, and credit cards, or on desks. However, miniaturization of the magnetic card reader was not regarded as a problem. However, due to the adoption of arc-shaped tracks,
In some cases, the storage capacity is two times greater than that of a conventional magnetic card.
It can be improved by more than an order of magnitude, and can be used as an external storage device of the above-described computer. For example, there is a possibility that the floppy disk can be used as an alternative device. Currently, sub-notebook computers on the market are equipped with a 3.5-inch floppy disk having a thickness of 1/2 inch.
As a device on which a 3.5-inch floppy disk can be mounted, a sub-notebook personal computer is physically limited. The limitation in miniaturizing a 3.5-inch floppy disk is the size of the floppy disk cartridge. In the future small portable devices, IC memory cards or ultra-small hard disks that meet the physical dimensions of PCMCIA standardized for small computers will be the mainstream, and 3.5-inch floppy disks are no longer supported. Can not. Therefore, the optical card reader of the present invention is intended to secure the dimensions of the card as wide as possible, to use the recording area on the card as effectively as possible, and to satisfy the operability and environmental resistance of a conventional floppy disk. I have. Therefore, the problems to be solved in order to realize a small card reader are classified into the following six items by taking a card reader as an example. (1) In order to increase the storage capacity of the card, it is necessary to have a device structure that can increase the width of the card as much as possible, increase the number of tracks, and record and reproduce with high recording density and high reliability. (2) In order to reduce the depth of the device of the card reader and to perform high-density recording, the moving length of the card for information retrieval is made as short as possible, and the distance between the head and the card is not changed.
And it needs to be smaller. (3) Like a conventional magnetic card, it is necessary to directly insert the magnetic card into the magnetic card reader with a human hand.
A protective layer 1003 is provided on the magnetic film 1002 as shown in FIG. (4) It is necessary to have a device structure in which the card is automatically or semi-automatically introduced into the device so that the card does not collide with the head or the like to the card reader, and the card is mounted at a predetermined position with high accuracy. (5) It is necessary to have a random access function that allows a quick access while standing still on the same track. (6) Further, in the conventional card reader, an error occurs when the card is inserted in the wrong direction, the card is ejected from the apparatus, and the operation of inserting the card is forced again, but it is necessary to provide a function that does not require reinsertion.

In the above-mentioned conventional example, there are two methods of rotating the magnetic head: one that draws a circular trajectory and one that draws a spiral trajectory.
Some form a plurality of arc tracks on the magnetic card, others form circular tracks on the magnetic card,
Further, some of the plurality of arc tracks are opposed to those in one direction with respect to the longitudinal or lateral direction of the magnetic card.
In the relationship between the rotating magnetic head and the magnetic card, the magnetic head is always on the surface of the magnetic card, the magnetic head is on the surface of the magnetic card only during recording and reproduction, and the others are outside the magnetic card. Cases, and
Regarding the handling of magnetic cards, similar to the case of conventional prepaid cards, people handle magnetic cards directly,
Some magnetic cards are in closed containers or in a dedicated clean environment, and are not directly touched by human hands. The card reader of the present invention is characterized in that the head draws a circular orbit, the track is composed of two types of arc-shaped track groups facing each other on the card, and the head is always on the card. . In addition, under the condition that the head is always present on the card, the storage capacity of the conventional one-way arc-shaped track is compared with that of the opposing arc-shaped track under the condition that the head is always present on the card. However, the storage capacity can be increased. In addition, by keeping the head on the card, the distance between the head and the card can be narrowly and accurately controlled, and the device structure can be simplified as in the case of the floppy disk device. On the other hand, in a structure in which the head enters from the outside of the card and instantaneously contacts the head, the height of the surface of the head and the height of the surface of the card need to be matched, which makes the structure complicated and impractical. The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problem, and can store a large amount of information on a card. It is an object of the present invention to obtain an accessible card recording / reproducing apparatus.
That is, a card reader capable of continuously searching and recording / reproducing other information and performing the same operation as the magnetic disk device or the operation equivalent to the optical disk device is obtained.

[0010]

An optical card reader according to the present invention faces a replaceable rectangular optical or magneto-optical recording card, is driven to rotate within the short side width of the card, and is mounted on the card. A head assembly that moves relatively linearly in the long side direction and records on a plurality of arc-shaped recording tracks whose both ends swell on the side of the card aligned with the long side center line, or obtains a reproduction signal from the tracks. A recording / reproducing circuit for recording / reproducing information on a recording track of the card by random access seeking, and a card holding for positioning and holding the card and moving relative to the head assembly in the long side direction of the card A recording / reproducing optical lens with respect to the card on the rotating surface of the head assembly, and an optical lens within a rotation driving central axis of the head assembly. It provided the optical path of the use.

Further, the head assembly is provided with a plurality of optical lenses with the center of the rotational drive being a symmetrical point.

Still further, the head assembly is provided with a cylindrical projection around a surface facing the card which is driven to rotate.

Further, the head assembly is provided with a card cleaning material on a surface facing the card.

Further, an elastic pad having a size larger than the width or length of the card and pressing the card toward the head assembly is provided inside the card holding mechanism.

Further, the card holding mechanism has a closed structure on the bottom, top and side surfaces, except for an elliptical recording or reproducing area whose both ends swell on the long side of the card.

Furthermore, a card positioning reference surface is provided on one side and the back side of the card receiving side, and a roller for carrying in / out the card into / from a card holding mechanism is provided at a card entrance. When the insertion of the card is detected, the roller operates to carry the card into the reference surface and press it.

Still further, the head assembly is provided with an optical encoder, and the optical encoder generates an index signal of a sector or a track of the card.

Further, a plurality of optical lenses are provided with light sources having different wavelengths correspondingly, and a reflection / transmission for reflecting or transmitting only the corresponding wavelengths from an optical path on which light from the light sources having different wavelengths are superimposed. A prism was provided and supplied separately.

Still further, a coil for magnetizing bias is provided around the optical lens on the head assembly, and a magnetic material equivalent to a magnetic path for magnetizing bias by the coil is provided on the side of the card opposite to the head assembly. Was.

Furthermore, a pad pressing mechanism for stopping the recording or reproducing operation on the card by pressing a card eject switch or a card ejection command signal, and releasing the pressing of the card by lifting the pad from the card holding mechanism after the recording or reproducing operation is stopped. And a pushing mechanism for pushing the card to the ejection opening of the card holding mechanism when the pressing of the card is released in accordance with the card ejection command.

Further, an optical path was connected to the optical path of the head assembly on the side opposite to the card facing surface by an optical fiber.

Still further, the head assembly is directly driven by the rotor of the motor.

Still further, a spring structure for further supporting a pad for pressing the card is provided, and the pad is fixed to the card holding mechanism via the spring structure.

Further, a spring structure is provided on a side of the pad for pressing the card opposite to the card facing surface, and a center portion of the spring structure is bonded to the pad via a pivot,
The spring structure is fixed to a card holding mechanism.

Still further, a pad replacement structure having a greater rigidity than the spring for holding the card or the head is provided in place of the pad for pressing the card in the card holding mechanism.

Further, when a position signal for detecting a card direction on the card is detected, the head assembly moves relatively to move to a corresponding predetermined track position.

Still further, two of the plurality of optical lenses simultaneously record or reproduce the same data.

Still further, the two optical lenses simultaneously record or reproduce data in different areas on the same track.

Further, the width of the roller for loading or unloading the card is equal to or less than the width for driving a portion other than the width for rotating the head.

[0030]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiment 1 First, the structure of the magnetic card reader of the card reader of the present invention, particularly the structure of the head mounting portion (head assembly) will be described.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a rotation mechanism of a magnetic head of a magnetic card reader. Magnetic heads 13a, 13
b is composed of a magnetic core portion and a coil portion wound on the core, and is incorporated in a slider described later. The slider itself is mounted symmetrically on the surface of the turntable 15 at the center of the rotation shaft 16, and the turntable 15 rotates at a constant speed in the direction of arrow C with the magnetic heads 13a and 13b mounted thereon. In this embodiment, two magnetic heads 13a and 13b are used. However, in the case of one magnetic head, in order to maintain uniformity of rotation of the turntable,
Attach a dummy head (or a magnetic head in some cases). The periphery of the turntable 15 shown in the figure has an edge, and the turntable 15 rotates together with the magnetic heads 13a and 13b while contacting the magnetic card 1a. In the first embodiment, the magnetic heads 13a and 13b are mounted on a gimbal spring (mainly a plane spring that moves vertically) 19, and are mounted so as to protrude slightly above the turntable 15 described above. Then, a force acts in a direction to push up the magnetic card 1a. The magnetic card reader according to the present invention can be applied to either an in-plane recording method (also referred to as a longitudinal recording method) or a perpendicular recording method. However, the most important feature of magnetic recording is the adhesion between a magnetic head and a recording medium. Is still important. Therefore, when the gap is widened, the recording / reproducing efficiency is reduced, and in some cases, the recording / reproducing becomes impossible. In particular, in the case of the perpendicular recording method, this effect becomes remarkable. The gimbal spring 19 is used to reduce this gap, and is an essential component in this type of magnetic recording device.

The edge 15h of the turntable 15 protrudes in the direction of the magnetic card 1a at a certain height from the bottom surface 15g on which the magnetic heads 13a and 13b are mounted. This is to protect the magnetic heads 13a and 13b and to keep the distance between the magnetic card 1a and the bottom 15g of the turntable 15 constant when the magnetic head 1a is brought into contact with the magnetic card 1a. Alternatively, when a carriage base 189 for carrying the card shown in FIG.
Turntable 1 because the height of the
5 is set lower than the carriage base 189, and the magnetic card 1a and the turntable 15 are rotated without contact. FIG.
As shown in (a) and (b), on the carriage base 189, a pressure pad mechanism serving as a pad 207 placed opposite to the magnetic head of the magnetic tape recorder flattens the magnetic card 1a. , So that the upward force of the gimbal spring 19 and the downward force of the pressure pad mechanism work to balance the magnetic card 1a.

In the present invention, the magnetic heads 13a and 13b are structured to rotate, and the input / output lines of the recording / reproducing coil of the magnetic head and the recording / reproducing circuit are electrically connected as in a magnetic tape device or a magnetic disk device. Is difficult,
A rotary transformer used in a TR or the like is used. That is, a recording current flows from the recording / reproducing circuit to the coil of the magnetic head via the rotary transformer, and a reproduction signal from the magnetic head is transmitted to the recording / reproducing circuit via the rotary transformer. Although the principle of the rotary transformer will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 9 described later, the secondary coil of the rotary transformer is housed inside the turntable 15 in the figure, and rotates together with the turntable 15. The primary coil of the rotary transformer is housed in a rotary transformer holder 20, which is fixed to a device base 21. DC motor 2
Reference numeral 2 denotes a flat type used in a floppy disk device or the like, and a stator portion 22a comprising a coil and a yoke.
The rotating shaft 16 is also a rotating shaft of the rotor portion 22b of the DC motor 22, and the turntable 15 is rotated by the rotation of the rotor portion 22b.

Embodiment 2 FIG. Here, a head having another structure will be described. That is, the cylinder supports the card without rotating, and the head rotates inside the cylinder to record on or reproduce from the card. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of another embodiment of the rotation mechanism of the magnetic head of the magnetic card reader. In FIG. 1, the turntable 15 has an edge,
In this embodiment, the turntable 15 has a flat shape, and the magnetic heads 13a and 13b are mounted thereon. The edge 15h of the turntable 15 in FIG.
Instead, the outer frame of the rotary transformer holder 20 is directly extended upward to form an edge 20h. Although it is difficult to see from the perspective view, even if the turntable 15 rotates inside the rotary transformer holder 20, the rotary transformer holder 20 does not rotate because it is fixed to the device base 21. In the cross-sectional view of FIG. 5 described later, the difference in the structure can be clearly seen. By the way, the device structure may be such that the upper part of the rotary transformer holder 20 is brought into contact with the magnetic card 1a, or may be a structure that does not make contact.

Although described with reference to FIG. 1, FIG.
With respect to the carriage base 189 provided for carrying the card shown in FIG.
The purpose is different between the case where the head position of 3b is set lower and the case where the magnetic heads 13a and 13b are brought into contact with the magnetic card 1a with the head position slightly higher than the front surface.
The main purpose of setting the carriage base 189 lower than that of the carriage base 189 is to prevent the magnetic heads 13a and 13b from being broken on the side wall of the carriage base 189 due to runaway of the carriage base 189 or the like. On the other hand, magnetic card 1
The contact with a is also to prevent the above destruction,
Furthermore, as a spacer for keeping the distance between the magnetic card 1a and the bottom of the turntable 15 constant, dust entering from the outside is eliminated from the surface of the magnetic card 1a, and the magnetic heads 13a and 13b are protected from dirt. Is also the purpose. In the embodiment of FIG. 1 described above, the magnetic surface of the magnetic card 1a is constantly rotated and rubbed by the edge of the turntable 15, whereas in the present embodiment, only the head rotates without rotating the edge equivalent. When using a medium with a thin magnetic film thickness,
When a medium with low wear resistance is used, or when the DC motor 2
This structure is particularly effective when the torque of No. 2 cannot be sufficiently obtained.

Embodiment 3 FIG. Further, the structure of the edge of the cylinder serving as a spacer for protecting the head and serving as a spacer according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of an embodiment of the rotation mechanism of the magnetic head of the magnetic card reader. The cylinder of this structure is a modified type of the turntable 15 shown in FIG. 1 described above, and a card floating mechanism is provided at a portion of the edge 15h of the turntable 15 facing the magnetic card 1a (hereinafter referred to as an edge surface 15m). It is provided. That is, when rotating, the edge surface 15m
Of the air generated near the surface of the turntable (arrow d in the figure), and put the magnetic card 1a on the edge surface 15 of the turntable 15.
A force is generated in a direction floating from m (arrow E in the figure).
This is the magnetic card 1a and the edge 15h of the turntable 15.
, The load on the DC motor 22 is reduced, and the sliding life of the medium is extended. When the rotation speed of the turntable 15 is high and the peripheral speed is high, the levitation force of the magnetic card 1a increases aerodynamically.

FIGS. 3B to 3D show the turntable 1.
5 is a cross-sectional view of the edge 15h and the magnetic card 1a. FIG.
(B) A ski portion 15a which is a gentle slope portion at the inflow end of air is provided, and a portion 15 facing the magnetic card 1a
b, the medium surface is slightly rounded so as not to be damaged (this portion 15b comes into contact with the magnetic card 1a), and then a concave portion 15c is formed. The effect is the same even if the flat portion at the bottom is eliminated and a sawtooth shape is formed. The force that causes the magnetic card 1a to act in the direction of the arrow E by the air flow is this inclined portion (ski portion). The floating force is determined by the surface area of the ski portion 15a. The flying distance is the magnetic card 1a.
Is determined by the relationship between the own weight of the magnetic card 1a applied opposite to the arrow E and the force by the pressure pad mechanism. Since the above-mentioned uneven shape is formed at equal intervals on the edge of the turntable 15, uniform buoyancy can be given to the magnetic card 1a. FIG. 3 (c) is an improved type of FIG. 3 (b), in which a flat portion 15b is provided at a portion facing the magnetic card 1a, and is premised on contact with the magnetic card 1a. The structure shown in FIG. 3B is useful when the turn-on time of the turntable 15 is short and the magnetic card 1a is levitated in a short time. Contact time is longer,
Even at the time of steady rotation, it is not completely floating but close to contact.
The surface condition of the flat part is improved so that the surface of the magnetic card 1a is hardly damaged. The load frictional force is determined by the total area of the flat portion formed on the edge 15h of the turntable 15, the floating force, the weight of the magnetic card 1a, and the force of the pressure pad mechanism. (D) in the figure is a smoothed version of FIG. 3 (b).
This is a shape for reducing the influence of damage due to contact with the magnetic card 1a.

Embodiment 4 FIG. The details of the structure of the head for recording and reproducing a card according to the present invention will be described. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a magnetic head assembly used for a magnetic card reader. Magnetic heads 13a and 13b used in the present invention
Is composed of a magnetic circuit including a magnetic core and a coil. Then, although embedded in the sliders 23a, 23b, and 23c, only the head gap portion 24 is exposed from the surface of the sliders 23a, 23b, and 23c.
It has a structure that contacts the magnetic card 15. As a slider structure used in the present invention, a flat type slider 23a shown in FIG. 1A and a button type slider 23b shown in FIG.
In addition, three types of flying type sliders 23c shown in FIG.

The flat type slider 23a shown in FIG.
Are divided into two portions, sliding portions 25a and 25b, and are symmetrical to the left and right to balance on the magnetic card 1a. The surface area is designed to be small in order to reduce the frictional force when sliding. Further, the head gap portion 24 is disposed outside the center of rotation, and is on the sliding portion 25b in the figure, and the position of the head gap is from the middle of the sliding portion 25b away from the air inflow end of the slider 23a to the rear. It is located in the part. This is designed to minimize the distance between the head gap and the surface of the recording medium on the magnetic card 1a even if the tip 23t of the slider 23a is slightly lifted or lowered. The gimbal spring to be used may be either the square gimbal spring 19a or the round gimbal spring 19b in FIG. Gimbal spring 19a
Has a spring structure in which the sliding portions 25a and 25b always contact the recording medium surface on the magnetic card 1a with the same left and right spring pressures, and have degrees of freedom in the XYZ three-axis directions. ing. Such a structure has an advantage that the magnetic heads 13a and 13b can follow vertical and horizontal fluctuations of the medium when the magnetic heads 13a and 13b rotate on the magnetic card 1a, but has a disadvantage that the vertical fluctuations have a narrow allowable range. Therefore, the sliding portions 25a and 25b are set higher than the edge 15h of the turntable 15 or the edge 20h of the rotary transformer holder 20 facing the magnetic card 1a shown in FIGS. Is lifted up and the magnetic card 1a is pressed by the force of a pressure pad described later, and the magnetic heads 13a, 13
It serves to absorb up, down, left and right vibrations generated when b rotates, and fluctuations on the card surface.

The button type slider shown in FIG. 4B has a spherical surface, and has a head gap at the apex of the spherical surface, so that the contact area with the recording medium surface on the magnetic card 1a can be reduced. In FIG. 4A, two sliding parts 2 of a twin-body type are shown.
Whereas 5a and 25b relatively faithfully follow the surface of the medium, this button-type slider 23b is a method in which the medium surface is pressed slightly stronger to come into contact with the medium,
The gimbal spring 19b is connected to the flat slider 23 described above.
Use a spring having a higher spring property than a. As described above, the head gap portion 24 is slightly protruded from the edge 15h of the turntable 15 or the height of the edge 20h of the rotary transformer holder 20, and the magnetic card 1a is pressed by the force of the pressure pad to reduce the magnetic force. A part of the head gap portion 24 at the tip of the heads 13a and 13b presses against the medium.

FIG. 4C shows the case where the flying slider 23c has the same shape as the flying slider used in the hard disk drive. This structure has sliding portions 26a and 26b similarly to the flat type slider 23a, the position of the head gap portion 24 satisfies the same conditions, and a long arm spring 30 which is a suspension made of a spring having a thin and long spring. It is attached to the tip of. The flying slider 23c and the long arm spring 30 are not shown in the figure, but are coupled by a flexure made of a composite sheet metal capable of moving in two axes of X and Y. In addition to the movement in the direction, the operation in the three-axis direction becomes possible. The feature of this spring method is that the Z-axis direction has a degree of freedom and the vertical movement can be increased with a constant force. The magnetic heads 13a and 13b constitute a magnetic head assembly by combining the above three types of sliders and springs of projections 32a and 32b in FIG. 5 described later, and the assembly slides the recording medium surface of the magnetic card 1a as a whole. Move. Further, the magnetic card reader of the present invention can be used by rotating the magnetic head at a high speed and floating the magnetic head on the magnetic card in addition to the above-mentioned sliding method. In this case, as the slider structure of the magnetic heads 13a and 13b, a flat slider 23a or a flying slider 23c can be applied.
The shapes of the twin-body sliding portions 25a and 25b or 26a and 26b can be easily realized by using a design method of a magnetic head slider used in a hard disk drive.

Embodiment 5 FIG. The head support structure, which is a characteristic of the head assembly, will be described in detail. FIG. 5 shows an embodiment in which a magnetic head using a long arm spring is mounted on a turntable. (A) in the figure is the edge 15h
There are two long arm springs 3 on a turntable 15
FIG. 9 is a plan view and a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment in which a magnetic head assembly including a zero and a flying slider 23c is mounted. FIG. 5B shows that the flat turntable 15
FIG. 9 is a plan view and a sectional view showing an embodiment in which a magnetic head assembly including two long arm springs 30 and a flying slider 23c is mounted. The distance between the center of the head gap of the magnetic head 13a and the center of the rotating shaft 16 is respectively equal to the center of the head gap of the magnetic head 13b and the center of the rotating shaft 16.
The straight line connecting the centers of the gaps is arranged so as to pass through the center of the rotating shaft 16. One end of each of the two long arm springs 30a and 30b is screwed or bonded near the rotating shaft 16.

At the other ends of the long arm springs 30a and 30b, in this embodiment, the floating sliders 23c and 23c
3d is mounted via a flexure. The long arm springs 30a and 30b have projections 32a and 32b further outside the floating sliders 23c and 23d. The two projections 32a, 32b restrict upward movement of the long arm springs 30a, 30b by cylindrical stoppers 33a, 33b having an inverted L-shaped cross section on the inner wall of the edge 15h of the turntable 15. Has a role. As is apparent from the cross-sectional view in the figure, the surfaces of the flying sliders 23c and 23d are in a state of slightly protruding from the edge of the turntable 15. However, after the magnetic card 1a is introduced into the apparatus, when the head assembly is mounted inside the carriage base 189, which will be described later, and the magnetic card 1a is pressed downward by the pressure pad, the flying slider 23c And 23d are pressed downward by the magnetic card 1a, so that the projections 32a and 32b are separated from the stoppers 33a and 33b,
It can function as a leaf spring that moves downward and moves up and down. According to this method, the movement of the long arm springs 30a and 30b can be designed as a cantilever spring that operates within a certain range because the stoppers 33a and 33b restrict the movement to the outside even if the spring force is slightly increased. .

FIG. 5B is a view showing an embodiment in which the flat turntable 15 shown in FIG. 2 is used, and the turntable 15 has no edge 15h. Instead, a part of the structure of the rotary transformer holder 20 is extended to form an edge 20h. This edge 20h
It is fixed to the base 21 without rotating like the turntable 15. The same effect can be achieved by forming the above-mentioned inverted L-shaped stoppers 33a and 33b all around the inner wall of the rotary transformer holder 20, but the magnetic card 1a presses the surfaces of the flying sliders 23c and 23d. Therefore, the gap between the inverted L-shaped stoppers 33a and 33b and the projections 32a and 32b is small, and in some cases, a contact accident may occur between them.
Therefore, by changing the shape of the portions corresponding to the inverted L-shaped stoppers 33a and 33b and providing the ka-shaped U-shaped stoppers 34a and 34b on the turntable 15, the above problem can be solved. Can be. That is, since the stoppers 34a and 34b are attached to the rotating turntable 15, the stoppers 34a and 34b rotate in the same manner as the magnetic heads 13a and 13b, eliminating the risk of a contact accident between the two. The above is the long arm spring 30a
Although the embodiment in which the gimbal spring 19 is used has been described, it is needless to say that when the gimbal spring 19 is used, it is not necessary to use such a stopper mechanism and a projection.

Embodiment 6 FIG. In the present embodiment, a device for removing dust from the head will be described. FIG. 6 is a structural view of a head assembly according to an embodiment in which an air flow port and a cleaner are provided on the turntable 15 or the rotary transformer holder 20. (A) in the figure is a turntable 1
5 is a structural view of an intake port 35 provided on a bottom surface 15g of the fifth and an exhaust port 36 provided on a part of an edge 15h. (B) in the figure shows an intake port 35 provided on the bottom surface 15g of the turntable 15,
FIG. 4 is a structural diagram of an exhaust port 37 provided in a part of an edge 20 h of the rotary transformer holder 20. Magnetic heads 13a and 13b
Performs a rotary motion while sliding on the surface of the magnetic card 1a. In the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 6A, the edge 15h of the turntable 15 slides on the surface of the magnetic card 1a, and FIG. 6 (b), the rotary transformer holder 20 does not rotate. However, in any case, the head performs a track search operation while sliding on the magnetic card 1a, and dust such as magnetic powder generated when the head slides on the surface of the magnetic card 1a, or intrusion from outside the apparatus. Dust may accumulate on the turntable 15.

The purpose of this embodiment is to prevent the accumulation of dust. For this purpose, generally, when the rotating body rotates, the air pressure in the center of rotation decreases and the air pressure in the peripheral portion increases. Use. For example, in the structure having the edge of the turntable 15 shown in FIG. 1, when the magnetic card is inserted and the magnetic card 1a comes to the upper part of the head assembly, there is a slight difference between the magnetic card 1a and the edge of the turntable 15. Except for the gap, it is almost sealed. This is the same in the embodiment of FIG. In the present invention, a method is shown in which the air flow is positively created in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 to take measures against dust. The most effective method is turntable 15
A plurality of intake ports 35 are provided in the periphery of the rotary shaft 16 so that air can be positively introduced from the back surface of the turntable 15, and the exhaust port 36 or the edge 20 h of the rotary transformer holder 20 is provided at the edge of the turntable 15. An exhaust port 37 is provided in the exhaust port 36 or 37 so that air entering through the above-described intake port 36 is exhausted.
Escape from. Turntable 1 riding this flow of air
Dust that may remain in the interior of the device 5 can be expelled. Although the shape of the exhaust port 36 or 37 can be set arbitrarily, it is desirable that the shape is as large as possible. In the figure, the embodiment in which the exhaust port 36 or 37 has a rectangular shape is shown. In the above embodiment, the intake port 3
Since dust may be contained in the air sucked in from the outside via the air filter 5, it is also possible to attach the air filter to a cloth-shaped coarse air filter intake port and use the air after filtering large dust.

FIG. 6C is a configuration diagram showing an example in which dust adhering to the magnetic card 1a or dust such as magnetic powder generated during sliding is removed more positively.
For example, a cloth-like liner for the purpose of dust removal was stuck on the bottom surface 15g of No.5. This liner is equivalent to that provided inside a recent 3.5-inch floppy disk cartridge in a manner to come into contact with the surface of the magnetic recording medium. A cleaner 38 using this liner is attached to the hatched portion in the figure. The cleaner 38 is disposed in the space on the left and right sides of the magnetic heads 13a and 13b, and is mounted so as to be fixed to the bottom surface 15g of the turntable 15. When this method is applied to the embodiment of FIG. 1, after the magnetic card 1a is introduced into the apparatus, it is set to such an extent that the surface of the recording medium lightly contacts the cleaner 38 when pressed by the pressure pad. Is preferred. The same applies to the embodiment shown in FIG.
It is desirable to make a structure that does not contact the rotary transformer holder 20 around. The cleaner 38 has a structure that can be removed from the turntable 15, for example, a method of screwing it to the turntable 15, so that the cleaner 38 can be replaced when it becomes dirty and the dust absorbing ability is reduced. In the above figures, (a) to (c) describe the case where the present invention is applied to a magnetic card reader, but this embodiment is applicable not only to a magnetic card reader but also to an optical card reader described later.

Embodiment 7 FIG. Next, a built-in structure of a rotary transformer, which is an important part of the head assembly of the present invention, will be described. 7 and 8 are cross-sectional views showing a mounted state of a rotary transformer used for a magnetic card reader.
In the magnetic card reader according to the present invention, the rotary transformer is an important component, and FIGS. 7A to 7C and FIGS.
(C) shows a specific mounting structure. FIG.
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an embodiment in which a face-to-face rotary transformer 39 is used for the turntable 15 provided with the edge shown in FIG. In the figure, the rotary transformer 39 is composed of two parts, and the rotary transformer 39 is fixed to the device base 21.
It is composed of a secondary core 39a and a secondary core 39b attached to the back surface of the turntable 15. The principle of the rotary transformer will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 9. The structure of the rotary transformer 39 will be briefly described with reference to the example of the rotary transformer 39. The primary core 39a and the secondary core 39b are made of a magnetic material such as ferrite. And concentric winding grooves are dug in the surfaces facing each other.
In the figure, two grooves 39c and a groove 39d are formed in the primary side core 39a.
Has been dug. Also, the secondary core 39b has two grooves 39e and 3 facing the two grooves of the primary core 39a.
9f is dug. Transformers are formed by applying windings to the upper and lower four grooves.

The feature of the transformer coupling is that the primary side core 3
Signals are exchanged between the windings 9a and the secondary core 39b, and signals can be exchanged between the physically separated windings. This method is employed in a device such as a VTR. In the embodiment of the present invention, the transmission and reception of a recording current or a reproduction signal is performed between the two magnetic heads 13a and 13b on the turntable 15 and the recording / reproducing circuit on the main body side of the magnetic card reader via the winding. It can be performed. In the figure, the secondary core 39b is arranged on the back surface of the turntable 15 so as to fill the space. However, in order to provide the intake port 35 shown in FIGS. 6 (a) and 6 (b), the rotation is performed. The secondary core 39b may be arranged near the outer periphery of the turntable 15 avoiding the periphery of the shaft 16. An advantage of the surface-facing rotary transformer 39 is that the thickness of the device in the height direction can be reduced.

The rotating shaft 16 of the turntable 15 is supported by a bearing structure 31 attached to the device base 21 and rotates together with the rotor portion 22b of the DC motor 22, but a phase current is applied to the driving coil 22c of the stator portion 22a. Since a magnetic field is generated toward the magnet 22d of the sink rotor section 22b, and the magnet 22d is also magnetized in a plurality of circumferential directions, the influence of the leakage magnetic flux from the magnetic circuit of these motors is affected by the signal of the rotary transformer 39. May appear in the circuit. Therefore, the magnetic card reader of the present invention solves the problem by providing a magnetic material by providing an iron material on the device base 21 and shielding the material of the turntable 15 and the material of the rotary transformer holder 20 using a magnetic material or an iron material. . FIG. 7B shows an embodiment in which a turntable 15 having an edge is shielded, and a cylindrical rotary transformer 40 is provided around a rotation shaft 16 of the turntable 15.
Is used. The secondary core 40a is mounted so as to be rotatable concentrically with the rotating shaft 16, and the secondary core 40b is mounted on a fixed base 40c. In this embodiment, the diameter of the rotary transformer 40 can be reduced as compared with the embodiment of FIG. However, some thickness is required in the height direction. In addition, by providing the edge 15i toward the lower portion together with the edge 15h provided at the upper portion of the turntable 15, there is an advantage that the rotary transformer holder 20 is not required. Rotary transformer 40 of the present invention
Then, an iron material is provided on the device base 21 to perform magnetic shielding, the material of the turntable 15 is shielded by using a magnetic material or an iron material, and a space is formed inside the turntable 15, so a shielding structure is newly added. You can also do

FIG. 7C shows a case where a cylindrical rotary transformer 41 is provided around a turntable 15 having an edge 15h similarly to the embodiment of FIG. Is mounted around the edge 15h of the turntable 15, and the secondary core 41b is mounted on a fixed base 41c. According to this method, the height of the rotary transformer 41 can be set to the same height as the turntable 15, and the thickness of the device can be reduced. In the rotary transformer 41 of the present invention, an iron material is provided on the device base 21 to perform magnetic shielding, and a shielding structure may be newly added to the space 41s below the turntable 15.

FIGS. 8A and 8B show an embodiment in which a rotary transformer holder 20 is provided around a flat turntable 15. FIG. 8A shows an embodiment in which a surface-facing rotary transformer 39 similar to that shown in FIG. 7A is used for the flat turntable 15 having no edges shown in FIG. Reference numeral 39 is composed of two parts, and is composed of a primary core 39a fixed to the device base 21 and a secondary core 39b attached to the back surface of the turntable 15. In the figure, the secondary core 39b is arranged on the back surface of the turntable 15 using the full space, but in order to provide the intake port 35 shown in FIG. 39
b may be arranged closer to the outer peripheral side of the turntable 15. An advantage of the surface-facing rotary transformer 39 is that the thickness of the device in the height direction can be reduced. According to this structure, an iron material is provided on the device base 21 and the turntable 15
And the material of the rotary transformer holder 20 can be shielded by using a magnetic material or an iron material.

FIG. 8B shows an example of a turntable 15 having the same edge as that shown in FIG. 8A and using a cylindrical rotary transformer 40 around the rotation shaft 16 of the turntable 15. The secondary core 40a is mounted so as to be rotatable concentrically with the rotating shaft 16, and the secondary core 40b is mounted on a fixed base 40c. In this embodiment, the diameter of the rotary transformer 40 can be reduced. The feature of the magnetic shield structure of this structure is the same as the example already described. FIG. 8C shows a method similar to the above-described FIG. 7C, in which a primary core 42a is incorporated in the rotary transformer holder 20 and a secondary core 42b is Turntable 1 with bottom or edge
5 is mounted on a portion corresponding to the upper edge.

Embodiment 8 FIG. The rotary transformer that plays an important role in the present invention will be described. FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the operation and circuit connection of the rotary transformer.
FIG. 9 (a) is a diagram showing the principle of a transformer, which basically has two independent windings on an iron core 43 made of a magnetic material. Of the two windings, the winding connected to the power supply is called a primary winding (or primary coil) 44, and the winding connected to the load is a secondary winding (secondary coil) 4.
It is generally called 5. Now, the terminal of the secondary winding is open, and when an alternating current is applied to the primary winding, a magnetomotive force is generated,
Magnetic flux will be generated in the iron core. If this current is alternating, the magnetic flux alternates at the same time. The number of primary windings is n ₁ ,
Assuming that the number of secondary windings is n ₂ , the ratio of the electromotive force e ₁ induced to the primary winding to the electromotive force e ₂ induced to the secondary winding is:
If the loss is ignored, the following equation (1) is obtained. e ₁ / e ₂ = E ₁ / E ₂ = n ₁ / n ₂ = a (1)

Here, E ₁ and E ₂ are the effective values of e ₁ and e ₂ and are the primary induced voltage and the two-character induced voltage. a is a turns ratio. That is, the ratio of the induced electromotive force is equal to the turns ratio. 1
For conducting the current to the next winding, it is necessary to supply the effective value V ₁ of the primary supply voltage to the primary winding 44, the primary supply voltages V ₁ and the primary induced voltage E ₁ and Are approximately equal in size. Accordingly, the primary supply ratio of the voltages V ₁ and the secondary load voltage V ₂ it can be seen that equation (2) becomes the following, a voltage is modified with the turns ratio. _{V 1 / V 2 = E 1} / E 2 = n 1 / n 2 = a (2)

FIG. 9B shows a transformer used in a power supply or a communication device, which is called a shell type in structural classification. The primary and secondary windings 46a, 46b
The structure is such that the iron cores 43 are formed around the windings in the layers. FIG. 9C is a diagram showing the structure of the rotary transformer. Shell-type transformer 48 (primary core 43
The basic structure of the rotary transformer is such that the winding loop of (a and the secondary core 43b) is circular and covers the entire windings 46a and 46b. For example, FIG.
In the rotary transformer 39 described in the above, the primary core 39
a corresponds to the above-described primary core 43a, and corresponds to the secondary core 39a.
b corresponds to the above-mentioned secondary core 43b. In the figure, a groove 39c of the primary side core 39a is dug. Also, the secondary side core 39b has a groove 39 facing the groove of the primary side core 39a.
e is dug. The upper and lower grooves are wound with windings, and windings corresponding to the windings 46a and 46b are wound.

FIG. 10A is an equivalent circuit diagram of a transformer. It can be represented by a four-terminal network as shown in the figure. L ₁ and L ₂ in the figure leakage inductance, M is the excitation inductance. Figure 10 (b) is an equivalent circuit diagram in the case of performing the recording operation, 10 the signal source e _s the primary side of the transformer represented in the equivalent circuit of (a), the load impedance Z _L at the secondary side FIG. 3 is a diagram in the case of connecting. Where Z _S
Is the internal impedance of the signal source e _s. In the apparatus of the present invention, the time of the recording operation corresponds to this case. The current i _L flowing to the load can be approximated by the following equations (3) to (6). _{i L = e s · Z M} / (Z 1 · Z 2 + Z 1 · Z M + Z 2 · Z M) (3) Z 1 = Z S + jωL 1 (4) Z 2 = Z L + jωL 2 (5) Z _M = _{jωL M} (6) transfer characteristic has a frequency characteristic, for Z _1, Z _2, Z _M, but it will be different characteristics depending values, or very small no real component of Z _M, an AC signal Only the components will be transmitted.

FIG. 10C shows a case where a reproducing operation is performed.
FIG. Signal source e on the secondary side _H But load on the secondary side
Z_R This is the case with the device of the present invention.
This corresponds to the case of raw operation. At both ends of the regeneration load in this case
Generated voltage e_R Is given by the following equation (7). e_R = E_H ・ Z_R / (Z₁ ・ Z_Two + Z₁ ・ Z_M + Z_Two ・ Z_M (7) Also in this case, the transfer characteristic has frequency dependence,
Only the AC component is transmitted. FIG. 10D shows the present invention.
Diagram showing the basic configuration of the recording / reproducing circuit of the magnetic card reader of FIG.
It is. The magnetic head 13a or 13b is a rotary traverse
Connected to the secondary winding 46b of the
Parts such as the terminating resistor of the pad are omitted for convenience of explanation.)
The side winding 46a is connected to the recording / reproducing circuit 53. Ma
The recording / reproducing circuit 53 is connected to a signal processing circuit 54.
And the signal processing circuit 54 is a magnetic card reader.
Record input externally via interface connector
From data (generally NRZ data) and clock signal
For example, MF suitable for digital magnetic recording
Modulation such as M, 2-7RLL, 1-7RLL, PRML
It is converted into a code and output to the recording / reproducing circuit 53. Again
Sometimes, the modulation code input from the recording / reproducing circuit 53 is
It has a function of demodulating NRZ data and a clock signal.
The above-mentioned recording / reproducing circuit 53 is different from the above-mentioned signal processing circuit 54.
The modulation code input from the
To the primary winding 46a and output from the primary winding 46a.
Amplifier and low-pass filter circuit for amplifying the reproduced signal
Including a differentiator, after passing through these, converted to a modulation code
The output signal is output to the signal processing circuit 54.

FIG. 10E is a diagram showing another configuration of the recording / reproducing circuit. The circuit shown in FIG.
a or 13b is directly input from the secondary winding 46b to the recording / reproducing circuit 53 via the primary winding 46a, but the DC motor 22 described with reference to FIGS.
There is a possibility that noise from the magnetic card reader or device noise input from outside the magnetic card reader may enter the path from the magnetic head 13a or 13b to the recording / reproducing circuit 53. Therefore, FIG.
In the circuit (e), the amplifier 53a is inserted in the middle of the magnetic head 13a or 13b and the secondary winding 46b, and the signal after greatly amplifying the reproduction output is passed through the rotary transformer 48 to the amplifier inside the recording / reproduction circuit 53. input. Amplifier 5
3a is operated by one positive power supply, but the magnetic head 13
Since it is mounted on the turntable 15 shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 together with a or 13b, it has a structure in which power cannot be supplied from a DC power supply via a cable. Therefore, a new power supply system using the rotary transformer 48 is required.
In this embodiment, the rotary transformer 48 has one
A secondary winding 55a and a secondary winding 55b are newly provided. 1
The secondary winding 55a is connected to a DC / AC conversion circuit 55 for converting DC to AC, and the secondary winding 55b is connected to an AC / DC conversion circuit 58 for converting AC to DC. The positive DC voltage generated at 57 is supplied to the amplifier 53a.
Give to. In the above embodiment, the mounting of only the amplifier 53a on the turntable 15 has been described.
Although related to the power supply capability and the circuits that can be mounted, it is also possible to mount the entire or a part of the recording / reproducing circuit 53 on the turntable 15.

Embodiment 9 The details of the magnetic head of the card reader of the present invention will be described. FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining the principle of the magnetic head used in the present invention. In the magnetic card reader of the present invention, one or more magnetic heads are mounted on the turntable 15. Even when only one magnetic head is mounted, there are two types, one that simply reproduces information recorded on a magnetic card in advance and one that can perform recording and reproducing operations. When there is one magnetic head,
Another dummy magnetic head assembly having the same shape may be used so that rotation fluctuation does not occur when the turntable 15 rotates. For example, as the dummy magnetic head 13b facing the magnetic head 13a, a defective magnetic head having normal mechanical characteristics and being electrically defective may be used, and the frictional force with the magnetic card 1a and the magnetic head may be used. May be mounted on the turntable 15.

When two magnetic heads are mounted, any of the following can be applied. That is, each of the two magnetic heads 13a and 13b can be recorded and reproduced, one is for recording only and the other is for reproduction only,
Both are three types of playback-only ones. These two magnetic heads 13a and 13b are located in a direction of 180 degrees left and right of a center line passing through the center of rotation of the rotating shaft 16, and are arranged so that the distance between the center of each head gap and the center of rotation is equal. Strictly speaking, the rotary shaft 16 is arranged so that there is no eccentricity and the centers of the tracks of the recording tracks recorded by the two magnetic heads on the magnetic card 1a coincide. FIG. 11A is a diagram briefly explaining the structure of the magnetic head and the trajectory of the recording track. The magnetic head 58 (corresponding to 13a and 13b in FIG. 1) in the figure has one end of a ring-shaped head core 59. Has a head gap 60, and a head core 61 is wound with a head coil 61. The recording operation is performed by the recording / reproducing circuit 53 shown in FIGS.
The recording current pulse output from the head coil 61 flows between the terminals a and b of the head coil 61 via the rotary transformer 48,
Magnetic flux is generated from the head gap 60, and information is recorded on the recording medium 62. In the figure, the magnetic head 58 is fixed,
This shows a state in which the recording medium 62 moves at a constant speed in the direction of the arrow. When the recording operation is continuously performed, the recording track 6 having the width of the head gap 60 (length L in the figure) is shown.
3 is formed. Actually, the width of the recording track is slightly wider than the width of the head gap, but for the sake of explanation, both dimensions are assumed to be the same.

FIG. 11B is a diagram showing the locus of the magnetic head and the recording track when the magnetic head is rotated. The circle 1 in the figure (the number marked with a circle is expressed as follows)
This shows a case where recording and reproduction are performed by one magnetic head 13a, and the magnetic head 13b is a dummy head. Normally, recording and reproduction are performed by the magnetic head 13a, but a normal magnetic head 13b may be mounted, and when the magnetic head 13a is electrically broken for some reason, it may be replaced with a spare head. In this usage, a set of electrical circuits necessary for recording and reproducing operations, such as a rotary transformer, are prepared and stored.
The control circuit is provided outside the magnetic card reader. The circle 2 in the figure indicates the case where the magnetic heads 13a and 13b perform recording and reproduction. In this method, the gap width and the gap length of the head gap 60 of the two magnetic heads 13a and 13b, and the head gap for the recording track. It is necessary to match the inclination, but the recording operation or reproduction operation can be performed with the magnetic head closest to the selected sector on the track. Also, simultaneous recording, half turn without waiting for one turn of track information recorded on one side You can play it back later,
As in the case of the circle 4, the rotation waiting time can be reduced as compared with the case of recording and reproducing with one magnetic head.

A circle 3 in the figure shows a case where a composite type thin film head used in a hard disk drive is used, and the head core 59, head gap 60, head coil 60 shown in FIG. Two composite thin film heads 61 are used in which a recording-only thin film head 61 made of a thin film and a read-only thin film head made of a magnetoresistive element (hereinafter referred to as an MR head) are integrated. In this embodiment, the width of the magnetoresistive element of the MR head (hereinafter referred to as the sensor width) is smaller than the gap width of the recording-only head. The maximum dimension of the gap width of the thin-film head dedicated to recording is L _W1 + α, the minimum dimension is L _W1 ,
The maximum dimension of the sensor width in the head is L _W2 + β, the minimum dimension is L _W2 , the maximum displacement between the two types of composite thin film heads is γ, and the rotation of the two composite thin film heads is The maximum error from the ideal track center position obtained by adding the setting error from the center, the track deviation due to the temperature and humidity characteristics of the recording medium, and the rotation accuracy is δ, and the center distance between adjacent tracks is L.
If p, the conditional expression for application is as follows. L _W1 + α + δ ≦ Lp (8) (L _W2 + β + γ) / 2 + δ ≦ L _W1 / 2 (9) Therefore, the trajectories of adjacent recording tracks may overlap in the worst case, but when the sensor width of the MR head is narrow. Since the information of the overlapping portion is not reproduced, there is no practical problem.

The circle 4 in the figure shows the case where the magnetic head 13a is a recording-only magnetic head and the magnetic head 13b is a reproduction-only magnetic head of the two magnetic heads. This is the same as using the thin-film head separately for recording and reproduction only.
Also in this case, the conditional expressions in application are the above-mentioned expressions (8) and (9), and the conditions are milder than the combination of the magnetic heads having the same head gap indicated by the circle 2 in the drawing. The recording-only head 13a of this embodiment may be a thin-film head or a conventional ferrite head. As a reproduction-only head, a conventional ferrite-type magnetic head other than the MR head described above can be applied. When a recording medium having a high coercive force is used, a high-permeability thin film material is used for the gap portion of the magnetic head for recording / reproducing and recording only, and the magnetic flux saturation at the tip of the gap of the magnetic head is used. MIG (Mig) type heads can be used.

Embodiment 10 FIG. The storage mode of a magnetic card, which is an example of the storage medium of the present invention, will be described in detail. FIG.
FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining conditions of a recording track of a card used in the card reader of the present invention. In a conventional magnetic disk device such as a hard disk device or a floppy disk device, a disk-shaped recording medium is rotated at a constant rotational speed.
A method has been adopted in which a plurality of concentric tracks of equal pitch are formed, and data is recorded and reproduced on the circumference of each track. In order to record a large amount of data on the recording surface, the track width and the track interval are reduced to increase the number of recording tracks per recording medium. Is required. When a conventional magnetic head other than the MR head described with reference to FIG. 11 is used as a reproducing head, the reproducing output voltage is theoretically proportional to the relative speed between the recording medium and the magnetic head. Therefore, the reproduction output voltage of the outer track is large, and the relative output speed of the inner track is low, so that the reproduction output voltage is low. Generally, the reliability of reproduced data of a magnetic disk device is represented by an error rate and is required to be 10 ^-9 or less.
To obtain this value, the ratio (S / N) of the reproduction output voltage to the noise voltage composed of device noise, medium noise, etc.
More than 28 dB. Therefore, the limit values of the track density and the bit density are almost determined by the innermost track which is disadvantageous in S / N. Further, since data with a constant clock frequency is recorded on a recording medium rotated at a constant rotational speed, there is a disadvantage that the bit density on the inner track is higher than the bit density on the outer track. .

According to the magnetic card reader of the present invention, the relative speed between the magnetic head and the medium can be kept constant irrespective of the position of the recording track. Is obtained. FIG.
(A) is a figure showing a circular track on a magnetic card. The track locus when data is recorded on one or two magnetic heads on the recording medium surface of the magnetic card 1a is shown, and the rotation center of the magnetic heads 13a and 13b is the horizontal center line X- of the magnetic card 1a. Put on Y, and
The radius of the recording track 63 is set to be equal to or less than half the vertical length (the length of the short side) of the magnetic card. The reason why the radius of the recording track used in the present invention is set to be equal to or less than half the vertical length of the magnetic card is that a card attached to a carriage base 189 of a transport mechanism 186 shown in FIG. Side guide 187
And the width of the card guides 187a and 187b. Another reason is that since the end of the magnetic card is handled by hand, it is a place where hand stains and scratches frequently occur, so it is better not to use it as a recording track area until the last minute. Of course, it is clear from the track setting and the head driving method that the random access operation is performed as in the conventional floppy disk device. That is, while staying at the specific track position, the head rotates and can access the specific sector.

FIG. 12B shows a recording track when the head is relatively moved to the left of the magnetic card 1a at the same pitch (length P) and a plurality of recording tracks 63 having a radius R are formed. ing. In the figure, if a plurality of recording tracks 63 are provided, regions A and B, which are technically unreproducible, occur above and below the magnetic card 1a. This area tends to expand as the unused area C decreases. FIG. 12 (c)
Delineates the center line of the adjacent recording track 63,
As the distance from the horizontal center line XY of the magnetic card 1a increases, the distance between the center lines of the recording tracks 63 decreases and finally crosses. When the interval between adjacent recording tracks is reduced, a phenomenon occurs in which the magnetic head picks up a signal from an adjacent track (referred to as crosstalk between adjacent tracks), and in the worst case, erroneous data is reproduced. .

Let X be the track interval, and let the magnetic card 1a
If the angle from the horizontal center line XY of α is α, the following equation (10) is obtained. As the angle α increases, the distance of the track interval X decreases. X = P · cosα (10) Further, the track pitch P when the recording track interval is X from the above equation (10) is obtained by the following equation (11). P = X / cosα (11)

FIG. 13 shows the locus of the leftmost and rightmost recording tracks recorded on the magnetic card 1a (150 in the case of an optical card). Assuming that the distance between the centers connecting the centers O1 and O2 of both tracks is l, the recording track length _Lt , the number of tracks N, and the total track length M in the recording area can be obtained from equations (12) to (14). . L _t = 2πR · 2α / 2π = 2αR (12) N = 2 l / P = 21 cos α / X (13) M = 2αR · 21 cos α / X = 4Rl / X · α cos α (14) where α is radian It is indicated by. From the above equation, the most efficient usage that maximizes the total track length M is to maximize α · cosα in equation (14). Then, when Z of the following equation (15) is calculated, the result of FIG. 14 is obtained. Z = α · cos α (15) In order for the value of Z to be a utilization rate of 95% or more with respect to the maximum value, α is in the range of 0.7 to 1.0, and when it is an angle, 40 to 57.3. Range of degrees.

Embodiment 11 FIG. In the present embodiment, the details of the track configuration for recording and reproduction on the magnetic card will be described. FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating the azimuth recording method according to the present embodiment. In a hard disk device or a floppy disk device, since one magnetic head performs a recording / reproducing operation on a recording surface, a magnetization pattern on a recording track formed on a recording medium is formed in a direction perpendicular to a recording / track center line. It is common. On the other hand, an azimuth recording method is used in a magnetic tape device. The feature of this method is that the magnetization direction has an angle for each track, and the crosstalk between adjacent tracks is minimized when the angle of the mutual magnetization pattern is theoretically 90 degrees. According to the present invention, the two magnetic heads 13 a
And 13b, the magnetic card 1a
A recording method in which an azimuth angle is provided for each track can be applied. The two magnetic heads can be realized by using a combination shown by a circle 2 or a circle 3 in FIG. 11B. For example, assuming that the combination of circles 2 in FIG. 11B is used, the angle of the head gap G1 of the magnetic head 13a, which was perpendicular to the center line of the conventional recording track, is -θ from the center line of the recording track. The magnetic head 13b is prepared with an angle of + θ from the center line of the recording track, and is recorded with a single repetitive current.
FIG. 15A is a magnetization state diagram of a recording track 64 recorded by the magnetic head 13a.

FIG. 15B is a diagram showing a magnetization state of the recording track 65 recorded by the magnetic head 13b. Azimuth recording uses two magnetic heads 13a and 1 for each track.
This can be performed by alternately performing the recording operation in 3b. FIG.
FIG. 15B shows a magnetization state diagram of two right and left arc-shaped recording tracks 64 and 65 on the magnetic card 1a. The recording track 64 of FIG. 65 is a diagram in which 65 is shifted to the left by one track pitch, and the overlapping portion of the upper and lower circles is deleted. Although omitted in the drawing, the magnetic heads 13a and 13b alternately perform the recording operation for one track (refers to a pair of left and right arc-shaped tracks), so that the magnetization direction of the adjacent track is smaller than that of the conventional recording method. A recording track having an azimuth angle of 2θ can be formed. Therefore, if the head gap of each magnetic head has an angle of 45 degrees and −45 degrees, an azimuth angle of 90 degrees can be realized. Also,
In the above-described embodiment, the recording operation is performed alternately one track at a time. However, as another method, two arc-shaped two-sided arcs can be formed even if the recording operation is performed by switching the magnetic heads 13a and 13b half a track at a time. An azimuth angle can be given to adjacent recording tracks in the track group.

In FIG. 11B, when the head gaps of the two magnetic heads indicated by circles 2 and 3 have different angles, the head gap is switched every track or every half track. Recording and reproducing operation.
However, it becomes difficult to reproduce the information recorded by the magnetic head 13a with the magnetic head 13b. The information of the recording track recorded by the magnetic head 13a
When overwriting to partially correct in 3b,
It is difficult to reproduce this portion with the magnetic head 13a. Therefore, there is a restriction that the recorded track information can be reproduced only by the recorded magnetic head or a magnetic head having the same head gap angle. Therefore, the azimuth recording method of the present invention cannot be applied to the two magnetic heads of the embodiment of circle 4 in FIG. 11B.
By adopting the azimuth recording method described above, the track pitch can be made smaller than in the conventional method, and the number of tracks on the magnetic card 1a can be increased. The capacity can be increased.

Embodiment 12 FIG. Next, an example in which the present invention is applied to an optical card will be described. Further, in this embodiment, an optical head will be described. An optical card reader differs from a magnetic card reader in the configuration of a card as a recording medium and the configuration of a head. The configuration of the optical card may be such that both the front and back sides are used as the recording surface, and only the front side is used as the storage surface. It can be accessed at the same time by having one on each side. Alternatively, in the case of one optical head, it is possible to access by turning over one side at a time. FIG. 16 is a diagram showing a cross-sectional structure of the optical card.
The medium itself used in the present invention is a compact disk (C) similar to the medium used in the optical disk device.
D), video disc (VD), write once (W
O), rewritable phase change and magneto-optical (MO). Each medium has some additional components depending on its specificity, but the basic structure is the same. Above all, in the magneto-optical recording which has already been put to practical use, it is necessary to dispose an electromagnet for magnetization bias on the surface opposite to the recording surface of the optical card 150, which is different from other devices in the structure of the device.

FIG. 16A is a cross-sectional view of the same read-only optical card 150 as a CD, in which a reflective film 150b made of aluminum or the like is formed on a light transmitting layer 150a made of a transparent plastic or the like. And a protection substrate 150c. The laser light emitted from the inside of the optical head 151 is converged by the objective lens 151a, and is reflected by the reflection film 150b.
Is irradiated. At this time, the information provided in advance is recorded in the presence or absence of a concave pit, the pit interval, and the interval between pits.
It is converted into an electric signal by the optical sensor inside. FIG. 16 (b)
Is a cross section of the optical card 150 for write-once. As a form of recording on the recording film, a method is used in which a hole (pit) is formed in the recording film with a laser beam, and the presence or absence of the pit is detected by the laser beam during reproduction and converted into an electric signal. There is a method of recording / reproducing a material that changes its physical properties and changes the reflectivity by thinning the material. Light transmission layer 15
A protective layer 150d, an optical recording layer 150e, a protective layer 150f, and a protective substrate 150c are formed in this order from 0a. FIG.
(C) is a sectional view of the optical card 150 made of a magneto-optical medium. A light transmitting layer 150a, a protective layer 150d, a magneto-optical recording layer 150g, a protective layer 150f, and a protective substrate 150c are provided. The laser beam emitted from the inside of the optical head 151 is converged by the objective lens 151a and is irradiated on the magneto-optical recording layer 150e. In magneto-optical recording, while applying a reverse magnetic field to a medium that is magnetized in one direction, the medium is magnetized in the direction of the applied magnetic field near the Curie point of the medium by applying a laser beam. Reproduction is performed using the magnetic Kerr effect or the magnetic Faraday effect consisting of light and magnetism. When polarized light is applied to a recording medium, the plane of polarization slightly rotates depending on the direction of magnetization. Convert to

Embodiment 13 FIG. In the present embodiment, a configuration of a head assembly of an optical card reader will be described. FIG.
FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram of a recording / reproducing mechanism of the optical card reader according to the present invention. FIG. 17A is a perspective view showing the configuration, and one or two optical heads 15 are provided on the surface of the turntable 15 shown in FIG.
One objective lens 151a, 151b is exposed. The turntable 15 is connected to the rotating shaft 16 of the DC motor 22 and rotates at a constant speed in the direction of arrow C with the rotation of the DC motor 22. When the turntable spacer ring 152 is configured to prevent foreign matter from being mixed in with the rotation of the turntable 15 and to be brought into contact with the optical card 150, the turntable spacer ring 152 is connected to the objective lenses 151 a and 151 b on the turntable 15. It also serves to keep the distance of the optical card 150 constant. FIG. 17 (b)
FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram of a head assembly to which a cleaning mechanism attached to remove dust attached to the surface of the optical card 150 is added, as in the case of FIG. 6C. The cleaning material 153 is made of a cloth or the optical card 15.
The optical card 150 is made of a soft brush-like material that does not damage the surface of the optical card 150, and is constantly brought into contact with the light transmitting layer 150a on the rear surface of the optical card 150 by rotating the turntable 15. Although omitted in the figure, the turntable 1 shown in FIG.
It is also possible to provide an intake hole 35 and an exhaust hole 38 used for the rotary transformer holder 20 and the rotary hole 5.

Embodiment 14 FIG. An example of a detailed configuration of the optical head assembly of the present invention will be described. 18 and 19 are sectional views of the recording / reproducing mechanism of the optical card reader according to the present invention. A peripheral structure for mounting each component of the optical head 151 will be described. The recording / reproducing mechanism of the optical card reader is shown in FIG.
Is similar in structure to the recording / reproducing mechanism of the magnetic card reader shown in FIG.
The information recorded magnetically on the magnetic card 1a was converted into an electric signal by a and 13b, and the electric signal from the rotating body could be extracted by the rotary transformer 39 on the way without contact. On the other hand, in the optical card reader, it is necessary to optically transmit light from a light source (laser diode) included in the optical head 151 to the objective lenses 151a and 151b on the turntable 15. Light must be transmitted to an optical sensor that converts light into an electric signal, and no obstacle that blocks light can be placed on the way.

Therefore, according to the present invention, the turntable 15
The portion of the rotating shaft 16 protruding from the upper surface of the rotating shaft 16 or the portion of the side surface of the rotating shaft 16 on the lower surface and the rotor portion 22 of the DC motor 22
A cavity was provided in the center of b, and a passage for light beams to travel was provided. FIG. 18A shows a case where there is one objective lens 151 a on the turntable 15. That is, the laser light emitted from the laser diode 151c is
Collimator lens 151d, polarizing beam splitter 15
1e, after passing through the quarter-wave plate 151f, the optical path is bent by the reflection mirrors 151g and 151h located above the cavity of the rotating shaft 16, and the light is condensed by the objective lens 151a and is reflected by the reflection film 150b or the light of the optical card 150. The recording layer 150e is irradiated. Next, the light reflected from the medium passes through the objective lens 151a, passes through the reflection mirrors 151g and 151h, the cavity of the rotating shaft 16, the quarter-wave plate 15f, and the polarization beam splitter 151e, and then enters the photodetector 151i. Is converted into an electric signal.

FIG. 18B shows a case where two objective lenses 151a and 151b are mounted on the turntable 15, and the laser diode 151 shown in FIG.
Assuming that the wavelength of the laser light of c is λ ₁ , the wavelength of the laser light of another laser diode 151 j is different from λ ₂
Use those. First, the laser light emitted from the laser diode 151c is applied to a collimator lens 151d, a half mirror 151k, a polarization beam splitter 151e,
After passing through the four-wavelength plate 151f, the dichroic prism 151l and the reflection mirror 1 above the cavity of the rotating shaft 16
The optical path is bent by 51g and 151h and the objective lens 151a
And irradiates the reflection film 150b or the optical recording layer 150e of the optical card 150. Laser diode 15
1j is emitted from the collimator lens 151.
m, half mirror 151k, polarization beam splitter 15
1e, after passing through the quarter-wave plate 151f, the light is reflected by the dichroic prism 151l above the cavity of the rotating shaft 16, the optical path is bent by the reflecting mirror 151n, and the light is condensed by the objective lens 151a. Reflective film 15
0b or the optical recording layer 150e. Additional dichroic prism 151l is has a characteristic of reflecting otherwise pass certain wavelength band, the wavelength lambda ₁ of the laser beam of the laser diode 151c in this embodiment passes, the laser diode 151j of the laser beam Wavelength λ ₂
Shall be reflected. It is also possible to prepare another polarizing beam splitter, place it side by side with the polarizing beam splitter 151e, and input the laser beam emitted from the collimator lens 151m.

The light reflected from the medium is transmitted to the objective lens 151a.
Through the reflection mirrors 151h and 151g, the dichroic prism 151l, the cavity of the rotating shaft 16, the quarter-wave plate, the polarization beam splitter 151e, and the dichroic prism 151p, and from the reflection mirror 151q to the photodetector 151i to generate an electric signal. Is converted. The reflected light passing through the objective lens 151b is reflected by a reflecting mirror 151n, a dichroic prism 151l, a cavity of the rotating shaft 16,
The light is reflected by a / 4 wavelength plate, a polarizing beam splitter 151e, and a dichroic prism 151p, and is converted into an electric signal by a photodetector 151s. FIG. 19 shows another embodiment of the recording / reproducing mechanism of the optical card reader according to the present invention. FIG.
As shown in (a) and (b), components such as a quarter-wave plate 151f and a polarization beam splitter 151e outside the rotation mechanism of the optical card reader direct the laser beam straight into the cavity of the rotation shaft 16. Therefore, the rotor portion 22 of the DC motor 22
b, but it may not always be possible to place the optical card reader at an optimum location due to restrictions on the height of the optical card reader and mounting of other mechanisms. Therefore, a condenser lens 151t can be placed just below the hollow portion of the rotating shaft 16, and can be connected to the above-mentioned quarter-wave plate 151f using a flexible optical fiber 151u. In addition, it is also possible to use a lens in which the condenser lens 151t and the optical fiber 151u are integrated, and by using this method, it is possible to mount an optical component at a desired place.

Embodiment 15 FIG. Another configuration of the head assembly will be described. FIG. 20 shows an embodiment of a magneto-optical recording / reproducing mechanism. In magneto-optical recording, while applying a reverse magnetic field to a medium that is magnetized in one direction, the medium is magnetized in the direction of the applied magnetic field near the Curie point of the medium by applying a laser beam. In general, in a magneto-optical disk device, an electromagnet for magnetization bias is floated from a medium substrate on a surface opposite to a recording surface of a disk medium, and is disposed directly above an objective lens of an optical head on the opposite side with the disk medium interposed therebetween. A structure that cooperates with an optical head that seeks on a disk medium that rotates at the same time is adopted.
However, in the present invention, it is difficult to employ a similar method because the optical head is rotated and the recording medium is stationary or moves laterally.

FIG. 20A shows an embodiment for solving this problem, in which cylindrical coils 151v and 151w are wound on objective lenses 151a and 151b mounted on a turntable 15. Apply current to this. By doing so, a magnetic flux is generated in the direction of the center line of the objective lenses 151a, 151b, and a magnetic field is applied at right angles to a portion of the magneto-optical recording layer 150g of the optical card 150 where the laser light is irradiated. The current flowing through the coils 151v and 151w is equal to the current of the rotary transformer 41 shown in FIG.
A method is used in which power is supplied from outside the turntable 15 using the secondary transformer 41a and the primary transformer 41b. Specifically, an AC current output from a DC / AC conversion circuit on the main body side of the optical card reader flows through a winding wound on the secondary core 41a, and the AC current generated on the winding of the primary core 41b. The induced current is converted into a direct current by an electric circuit assembled on the turntable 15. This electric circuit is distributed on the turntable 15. In addition, the direction of the magnetic field generated changes depending on the direction of the current flowing through the coils 151a and 151b, and the magnetization direction of the information recorded on the magneto-optical recording layer 150g irradiated with the laser beam is either upward or downward with respect to the film surface. It will be. Therefore, the rotary transformer 41 has
It is necessary to provide a winding for the power supply and a winding for a signal indicating the direction of the current and the switching time. FIG.
(B) shows the turntable 1 shown in FIG.
5 shows a schematic view of a peripheral portion.

FIG. 21A schematically shows a magnetic field generated when a current flows through the coil 151v. The magnetic flux at the center of the coil 151v is converged by the laser light of the magneto-optical recording layer 150g. It shows a state in which a cross is made almost at a right angle in the vicinity. FIG. 21 (b) is the same as FIG.
In this case, a thin plate 154 made of an iron material or a magnetic material is placed close to the magneto-optical recording layer 150g shown in FIG.
The magnetic flux generated from 51v is not diffused to the periphery and
There is an advantage that the laser beam can return to the coil 151v through the inside of the antenna 54 and that the laser beam of the magneto-optical recording layer 150g is crossed at a right angle in the vicinity where the laser beam is converged.

Embodiment 16 FIG. An optical card which is an example of the storage medium of the present invention will be described. FIGS. 22 and 23 are diagrams showing types of the shape of the recording medium of the optical card. FIG.
The hatched portions in the figures shown by circles 1 to 3 indicate the reflective film 150.
b or optical recording layer 150e or magneto-optical recording layer 150g
However, the recording layer does not cover the entire surface of the optical card 150. The reason is that if you rotate the rotary optical head,
As described with reference to FIGS. 12B and 12C, the range that can be used as a recording track is a range in which adjacent tracks do not cross each other, and both ends of the crossing magnetic card in the width direction cannot be used. There are three types of shapes that can be used, as shown by circles 1 to 3 in FIG.

FIG. 23A is a diagram showing another structure of the optical card. The optical card 150 shown in FIG.
Has a layer configuration shown in FIGS. 16A to 16C. However, in applications where a problem occurs in terms of mechanical strength, it is necessary to add a reinforcing material to increase the strength. So the optical card 150
Is a relatively hard plastic sheet 1 whose surface is not easily scratched.
A recording medium 157b (hatched portion indicated by circle 1 in FIG. 22) is bonded to 57a, and a frame-shaped thin plate 157c of the same material as the plastic thin plate 157a is bonded around the recording medium 157b. Another feature of this method is that the recording medium 15
7b can be handled even if it is slightly lower than the frame-shaped thin plate 157c, so that the light-transmitting layer 150a is not rubbed on the surface of the carriage base 189 when introduced into the inside of the optical card reader, and scratches can be prevented. There are advantages. FIG.
In the embodiment of FIG. 3B, a thin plate 158a made of the same material as the above-mentioned 157a having the recording layer portion cut out is adhered to the surface of the optical card 150 shown by circle 3 in FIG. It has the same effect as the card of FIG. The elements necessary for recording and reproduction by the magnetic card reader and the optical card reader have been described above.

Embodiment 17 FIG. Next, a device structure using these elements will be described. The “card reader” of the present invention is a generic name of a magnetic card reader and an optical card reader, and when the card reader 160 is referred to hereinafter, it refers to both. Similarly, “card” is a generic term for a magnetic card and an optical card,
, It means both. The card reader of the present invention is close to the external shape of a replaceable hard disk drive or floppy disk drive, and is portable, dust-proof, vibration-proof, etc. so that it can be mounted on equipment used outdoors, in addition to equipment used on desks such as desktop computers. Is a storage device that takes account of the above. FIG. 24 is an external view of the card reader of the present invention. FIG. 24A shows the front panel 16.
9 is an external view of the apparatus without a door. The card reader 160 includes a frame portion including a base 167 and a cover 168, and a front panel 169. The front panel 169 includes a card insertion slot 170, an eject switch 171, a display lamp 172 for device driving display, and FIG. Although not shown in the figure, the rear part of the apparatus is provided with a drive power supply connector and an interface connector for connection with the control device.

FIG. 24B shows an embodiment of the door structure of the front panel of the card reader. A hinged single door 173 is mounted on the front panel 169 and opens in the direction of the arrow. Opening angle is 90 degrees or 180
When the angle is 90 degrees or less, the structure is closed by the force of a spring between the base 167 and the one-sided door 173.
Further, a hole 174 for transmitting the light of the display lamp 172 is formed in the one-sided door 173, and a filler made of a transparent glass or plastic material is mounted in the hole 174. Further, when the protruding portion of the eject switch 171 in the figure is larger than the front panel 169, a recess 175 can be provided on the back surface of the single-door 173.

Embodiment 18 FIG. In the present embodiment, details of the card insertion / extraction detection mechanism will be described. FIG. 25 is a diagram illustrating the operation concept of the embodiment of the card detection mechanism. In the figure, the card 1 is inserted from the card insertion slot 170 shown in FIG.
It is an object of the present invention to detect the intrusion of the card 161 when the card 61 is introduced, and to generate a signal serving as a starting point of the subsequent sequence operation. Attach one end of a detection terminal 176 made of a spring metal to the upper surface of the front panel 169 and made of a wire with a tip bent like a fishhook or a thin metal plate with a tip bent like a fishhook and wide. One end is brought into contact with an auxiliary base 167a made of a conductive material such as an iron material or an aluminum material, and the detection terminal 176 is provided.
From the auxiliary base 167 to the logic circuit (two-input NOR gate in this embodiment) via conductors 177 and 178.
9 Further, since the conducting wire 177 is connected to the +5 volt DC power supply via the pull-up resistor 180, when the detection terminal 176 is in contact with the auxiliary base 167a, the voltage of each of the two inputs is 0 volt (logically L), the output of the logic circuit is logically H
Becomes

FIG. 25A shows a state in which the card 161 has not yet been inserted from the card insertion slot 170, and thus logically becomes H as described above. FIG. 25 (b)
Shows a state in which the card 161 is introduced in the direction of the arrow, and the detection terminal 176 is a card 16 made of a non-conductive material.
Because of the one, conductor 177 is logically high and the output of logic circuit 179 is logically low. FIG.
In FIG. 5C, the output of the logic circuit 179 is logically H because the card 161 passes through the detection terminal 76 and returns to the same state as in FIG. FIGS. 25D and 25E show a state in which the card 161 is ejected in the direction of the arrow, and the outputs of the logic circuit 179 are L and H, respectively. From the above, the state of introduction and ejection of the card 161 can be determined from the output of the logic circuit 179. If the above method is used, the card slot 1
Since the card 161 inserted from the center 70 is pushed by the auxiliary base 167a, even if the card lead 160 is put upright and the card 161 is introduced from the upper side to the lower side, the auxiliary base 167a is For example, the card 161 can be kept in the current position even when the hand is released, and the card 161 can be prevented from falling in an unnatural posture.

Embodiment 19 FIG. In the present embodiment, another method of detecting card insertion and removal will be described. In FIG. 25, the presence or absence of the card 161 is electrically detected by using the detection terminal 176, but it is also possible to detect the presence or absence of the card 161 by using light as another method. FIG. 26 shows an embodiment using a photodetector. In the figure, there is a support spring 181 for pressing the card 161 having a structure similar to that of the detection terminal 176 shown in FIG. 25 above to the auxiliary base 167a, and the light emitting element 182 and the light receiving element 183 are arranged close to each other. deep. FIG.
FIG. 6A shows a state in which the card 161 is not inserted, and there is no shield between the light emitting element 182 and the light receiving element 183. In FIG. 26B, since the card 161 acts as a shield to block the light of the light emitting element 182, the two states are converted into an electric signal by the light receiving element 183 and are converted to an electric signal.
5, can be converted into a logic signal. This method is effective when the auxiliary base 167a has a resin-based non-conductive coating on the surface of a non-metallic substance or metal.

Embodiment 20 FIG. Next, the details of the card loading / unloading mechanism will be described. FIG. 27 shows an embodiment of a transport mechanism for carrying a card into and out of a card card reader. The card 161 is manually inserted through the card insertion slot, and when the card 161 has passed through the card detection mechanism shown in FIG. 25 or FIG. 26, the transport mechanism 186 behind the card 161 starts preparing for the introduction of the card 161. The driving portion of the transport mechanism 186 of this embodiment includes a driving roller 184.
And the holding roller 185. Drive roller 184
Is made of a hard material, and the holding roller 185 is made of a soft material. The two rollers are attached to a base 167 and have a structure that can be physically separated from the transport mechanism 186. The drive roller 184 is rotated by a DC motor or a step motor (not shown) attached to the base 167. This rotation is started by the logic circuit 1 of the card detection mechanism shown in FIG. 23 or FIG.
79 and the card 16 inside the card reader 160.
When 1 is not introduced and the output of the logic circuit 179 is H, when it is in the stopped state, when it becomes L, the rotation starts, and the drive roller 184 rotates in the direction of the arrow. The holding roller 185 is in contact with the driving roller, and
When the card 1 is inserted from the card insertion slot 170 by a human hand and enters between the contacts of the two rollers, the card 161 sandwiched between the two rollers is automatically inserted into the transport mechanism 186. You.

When the card 161 is inserted between the driving roller 184 and the holding roller 185 and enters the inside of the transport mechanism 186, it comes into contact with the card side guide 187. The card side guide 187 is connected to the carriage base 1 via a leaf spring 188.
89, which is provided to accurately position the card 161 on the carriage base 189 in the transport mechanism 186. The card 161 may initially be restrained by the driving roller 184 and the holding roller 185 and bend into the transport mechanism 186 with a slight bending. In order to prevent excessive force from being applied to the card 161, the card 161 is first introduced into the inside by two rollers. This is for matching the criterion of X1-X2.

FIG. 27A shows an overall view of the transport mechanism 186. FIG. 27C shows a state in which the card 161 is guided into the carriage base 189 by two rollers in the direction of the arrow, and the card 161 slightly moves while the card side guide 187 moves slightly in the direction of the arrow. Even if the card 161 is bent and introduced, the card 161 is smoothly introduced into the transport mechanism 186 due to the bending of the leaf spring 188. A card rear guide 190 similar to the card side guide 187 described above is attached using a leaf spring 191 so that the card can be slightly retracted by the pressing force of the card 161 introduced. This card rear guide 1
When the light sensor 192 attached to the end of the 90 is cut off the light by a part of the bracket of the card rear guide 190, an electric signal indicating the completion of introduction is issued, and the driving roller 184 is rotated for a while. Stop later. This is card 16
1 is released from the restraint of the two rollers, during which the card side guide 18
7 presses the end of the card 161 to align it with the ridge line X1-X2. Also, the card back guide 190 is driven by the force of the leaf spring 191.
Aligns the card 161 with the ridge line Y1-Y2.

FIG. 27C shows a state in which the card 161 has been introduced into the transport mechanism 186 and the drive roller 184 has stopped rotating. The series of operations for introducing the card 161 into the transport mechanism 186 has been described above.
Can be aligned. However, the positioning on the Y axis is
Since the mounting accuracy of the driving roller 184 and the positional relationship between the end of the card 161 and the two rollers are not accurate,
A positioning correction operation is performed by a track feed mechanism unit described later. Also, the carriage base 189 is kept in this state.
Is moved out of the carriage base 189 by the force of the leaf spring 191, the card 161 is moved to the carriage base 18 by a pressure pad mechanism described later.
9, the carriage base 189 is started to move after being pressed against the bottom surface 189b of the carriage 9 so that no positional displacement occurs.

In this figure, the carriage base 1
The turntable moving hole 189a vacated at 89 is shown in FIG.
The shape of the outer contour of the track locus of the magnetic card 18 shown in (b) or the shape of the optical recording layer 150e of the optical card 150 shown in FIG. This is because when the carriage base 189 moves, the turntable 15
Alternatively, the hole is formed to have a margin so as not to come into contact with the rotary transformer holder 20 or the turntable spacer ring 152 or the like. Also, the magnetic heads 13a, 13
In order to contact the surface of the card 161 with the surface of the card 161, the bottom of the carriage base 189 is slightly protruded.
Or, the read / write reference surface of 13b or the optical card 15
When the reference plane for reading and writing is 0, the upper part of the edge of the turntable 15 or the upper part of the rotary transformer holder 20 or the upper part of the turntable spacer ring 152 is slightly lower than the bottom of the carriage base 189. Although omitted in the above description, the metal support of the card side guide 187 and the X-axis reference wall of the carriage base 189 are formed of a plastic molded product.
7a and 187b are provided so as to leave a gap with a margin more than the thickness of the card 161 so that the card 161 does not come off the carriage base 189 when the card 161 is introduced.

Embodiment 21 FIG. In the present embodiment, details of another card transport mechanism will be described. 28 and 29 show another embodiment of the transport mechanism. In FIG. 27 above,
The introduction of the card 161 to the inside of the transport mechanism 186 by two rollers was performed. In contrast to this method, in this embodiment, the card 161 is formed using a wide belt 193.
Is introduced into the transport mechanism 186. A wide belt 1 is disposed between the belt driving roller 194 attached to the carriage base 189 and the auxiliary roller 195.
The rotation of a stepping motor or a DC motor on the apparatus main body side is transmitted via a gear 197, which rotates a gear 196 attached to the rotation shaft of the belt driving roller 194 to rotate the belt 1.
93 is driven. Thus, the card 161 can be introduced into and ejected from the carriage base 189. This method has a card rear guide 190, a leaf spring 191 and an optical sensor 192 as in the case of FIG. 27, and the method of positioning the card 161 in the Y-axis direction is the same. However, regarding the positioning in the X-axis direction, since the belt 193 is restricted, it is difficult to correct the position of the card 161 during the introduction process into the carriage base 189. Therefore, it is necessary to manually introduce the card 161 from the card insertion slot 170 and secure the positioning accuracy in the X-axis direction before the card 161 contacts the belt 193.

FIG. 28 is a diagram showing the positioning of the card in the X-axis direction. The card X-axis reference guide 198 on the auxiliary base 167a solves this problem, and the ridge line ab of the card X-axis reference guide 198 becomes the X-axis reference. The two leaf springs 199a and 199b are
00, and serves to press the card 161 to be introduced against the ridge line ab of the card X-axis reference guide 198. The card X-axis reference guide 198 and the side plate 200 are provided with card support guides 187a and 187b made of a plastic molded product. A clearance is provided to prevent the card 161 from coming off the auxiliary base 167a and the carriage base 189 when the card 161 is introduced. In this embodiment, the auxiliary base 167
The ridge lines ab of the card X-axis reference guide 198 on a and the ridge lines X1-X2 on the carriage base 189 are aligned on the same straight line.

FIG. 29A is a diagram of the belt and the card viewed from the side. The effect of using the belt 193 in the present invention is that the card 161 also presses the card 161 from above with a uniform force when the card 161 is introduced into and discharged from the carriage base 189. Although it depends on the material of the belt 194, in general, this kind of belt material preferably has relatively elasticity and elasticity, a large frictional force with the card 161 and durability. . Depending on the selected material, bending may occur between the belt driving roller 194 and the auxiliary roller 195. In such a case, a tension roller 202 as shown in the figure is provided. This tension roller 20
2 is pulled in the direction of the arrow so that a constant tension always acts on the belt 193.

FIG. 29B shows an embodiment using another method using a belt. The advantage of this method is that the amount of fluctuation of the belt 203 left and right or front and rear while the belt 203 is rotating is small, and the rotation of the belt driving roller 204 can be efficiently transmitted to the belt 203. At the center of the belt 203, there is a caterpillar-shaped uneven region 203a, which has a structure that meshes with the unevenness of the gear portion 205 at the center of the belt driving roller 204.
The central portion of the auxiliary roller 206 is connected to the belt 20.
In the third embodiment, the diameter of only the portion is reduced so as not to contact the caterpillar-shaped uneven region 203a.
Further, as another embodiment, the auxiliary roller 206 may have a shape having a gear portion 205 similarly to the belt driving roller 204. Also, as described above, the belt 2
03, the uneven area 203a is provided on the entire surface of the belt 203, and the belt driving roller 204 and the auxiliary roller 206 are not provided.
May be used as the gear unit 205.

Embodiment 22 FIG. FIGS. 30 and 31 show an embodiment of the pressure pad mechanism mounted on the transport mechanism. The transport mechanism 186 of FIG. 28 uses a belt, so it is not particularly necessary. However, in the case of the transport mechanism 186 of FIG. 27, a pressing pad mechanism of the present invention other than the X-axis and Y-axis setting mechanisms of the card 161 is used. Department is required. FIG. 30 shows an embodiment of the pressure pad 207. The material of the circle 1 in the figure has a structure like a sword mountain, and a large number of protrusions 207a protrude from the base 207b. Each of the projections has a thin tip and a thick root, or is made of a thin brush-like projection having a waist. When the card 161 is pressed from above using rubber or plastic as a material, the tip is formed. It has elasticity enough to bend slightly. The material of circle 2 in the figure is made of a sponge-like foamed plastic material, etc., and the whole is compressed and shrunk by pressing from above, but has a structure that recovers to its original state when the pressing force is released. is there. The material of the circle 3 in the figure is made of the same material as the belt 193 shown in FIG. 28, and the shrinkage amount is small due to the pressing force from above as compared with the above-described embodiment of the circles 1 and 2, A material that can exert a large frictional force in the moving direction of the card 161 is used.

The material of the circle 4 in the figure is a method utilizing the characteristics of the circles 2 and 3 described above. The material of the circle 3 is used for the surface in contact with the card 161, and the other parts are the material of the circle 2. It is a method using. The material of circle 5 in the figure is the thin plate 1 of FIG.
This shows a case where 54 is incorporated in the pressure pad 207. Magnetic head 1 as in the case of a magnetic card reader
Unlike emphasizing the contact state between the magnetic cards 3a and 13b and the magnetic card 1a, the optical card 150 is slightly harder than the magnetic card 18, and the optical card 150 is connected to the objective lenses 151a and 151b of the optical head 151 using laser light. Since the optical card 150 can be separated, emphasis is placed on improving the accuracy of the distance between the optical card 150 and the objective lens of the optical head 151. Therefore, the layer structure of the pressure pad 207 can be applied to a structure in which the elasticity in the vertical direction is somewhat reduced. In the figure, the thin plate 1 is
54 and a material 155 are further combined and overlapped with a pressure pad 207 having excellent elasticity shown by a circle 2 and the same material 156.

FIG. 31A shows the structure of a pad frame 208 for mounting a pressure pad. The pad frame 208 has an inverted U-shape, and has a pressure pad 207 (in the figure, the material indicated by the circle 4 in FIG. 30 is used) adhered thereto. FIG. 31B shows a state in which the pad frame 208 is attached to the carriage base 189, and both are connected by a hinge 209 and can be opened and closed in the direction of the arrow. Card reader 16 of the present invention
0, the card 161 is introduced into the carriage base 189 of the transport mechanism 186 and pressed by the pressure pad 207,
The carriage base 189 is moved, and the operation proceeds to the information recording / reproducing operation. Thereafter, the card 161 is returned to the original position for discharging to the outside of the apparatus, and the discharging operation is performed by moving the pressure pad 207. In the present invention, in order to minimize the adverse effect of dust entering from the outside, a method of always placing the pad frame 208 on the carriage base 189 except for the operation of introducing and discharging the card 161 is adopted.

FIG. 32 is a view for explaining the operation of the pad frame of the transport mechanism. FIG. 32A shows a state in which the transport mechanism 186 can carry out data recording / reproducing operation while holding the card 161, and the transport mechanism 186 is separated from the driving roller 184 and the holding roller 185 on the apparatus main body side. It shows the state where it was turned on. FIG. 32B shows a state in which a direct current is applied to the terminals a and b of the solenoid 210 in the figure to move the drive shaft 211 upward, lift the opening / closing lever 212, and open the pad frame 208. I have. Subsequently, when the introduction of the card 161 is completed, the direct current of the terminals a and b of the solenoid 210 is cut off, thereby eliminating the upward force on the drive shaft 211, and the pad frame 208 is closed by the force of the extension spring 213. . FIG. 33A shows that the card 161 is the carriage base 189.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a detection sensor that determines whether or not the sensor exists between the pad frame 208 and the pad frame 208. In the figure, a small microswitch 215 is attached to the back surface of the carriage base 189, and the detection end 215a slightly protrudes from the carriage base 189 as shown in FIG. Further, a through hole 217 is open in the opposing pressure pad 207. Normally, when the card 161 is not inserted, the detection end 215a of the microswitch 215 is exposed, and when the card 161 is inserted, the microswitch 215 is in an electrically off state as shown in FIG. As described above, the card 161 is pressed by the pressure pad 207, so that the detection terminal 215a is completely retracted, and is electrically turned on.

Embodiment 23 FIG. Next, the details of the track moving mechanism for moving the card transport mechanism in parallel with the head assembly of the card reader will be described. FIG. 34 shows an embodiment of the track feed mechanism of the card reader.
The track feed mechanism has a plurality of linear bearings 218 provided on the side surface of the carriage base 189 shown in FIG. 27, and a needle 219a and a preload spring 219b provided on the other side surface. The linear motion bearing 218 assists a forward and backward seek movement of the transport mechanism 186 through the guide rod 220. In this embodiment, a stepping motor 221 is used as a drive source of the transport mechanism 186. Stepping motor 22
Numeral 1 is composed of two parts, a stator part and a rotor part, and by applying a phase pulse current to a plurality of coils inside the stator part, a force in a rotational direction is generated between the magnet and the rotor part. In the direction desired by the angle corresponding to the number of pulses. Since the rotor used in the present invention is integrated with the lead screw 222, the rotation of the rotor is transmitted to the lead screw 222. A needle 219a is obliquely fitted into the spiral groove of the lead screw 222.
A preload spring 119b on the opposite side of the needle 219a across the lead screw 222 assists the meshing of the two. The principle of this track feed mechanism is that the rotational movement of the lead screw 222 is converted into the linear movement of the needle 219a. Therefore, the stepping motor 221
The clockwise and counterclockwise rotational movements move the transport mechanism 186 forward and backward by an arbitrary distance.

In the conventional hard disk drive, a voice coil motor that can be easily operated at high speed is used to shorten the access time. The reason why the stepping motor 221 is used in the embodiment of the track feed mechanism of the present invention is that the moving speed of the stepping motor 221 is lower than that of the above-described voice coil motor, but the stepping motor 221 has an advantage that it is resistant to impact and consumes less power. The invention can be applied to a storage device of a device operated by a battery such as an information device. However, when the necessity of carrying is not so great and the emphasis is on shortening the access time, a high-speed voice coil motor can be applied to the card reader 160 as well. Furthermore, in order to obtain a high-speed access time, a turntable on which various recording / reproducing heads (magnetic heads or optical heads) for recording / reproducing information on / from the card 161 are rotated at a high speed. For example, in a magnetic card reader, the magnetic head 13a or 1
By adopting a floating mechanism for floating the 3b from the medium surface of the magnetic card 1a, friction and damage can be prevented and obstacles can be eliminated. Although the case of contact recording has been described in the above embodiment, a magnetic card reader having a floating mechanism may be used. In the above description, the pad frame 2 of FIG.
The reason why the pressure pad inside 08 is round and hollow is that the tangent line between the drive roller 184 and the holding roller 185 shown in FIG. An embodiment for bringing the tangents of the two rollers and the bottom end of the carriage base 189 close to each other.
A slightly larger arc is formed in anticipation of opening / closing of 08.

Embodiment 24 FIG. Next, a card positioning mechanism for accurately positioning a card at a predetermined position on a card reader will be described. FIG. 35 is a diagram for explaining a method of positioning the card of the card reader of the present invention on the carriage base. FIG. 35A shows an assembly structure of the pad frame 208 and the pressure pad 207, and the optical sensor 258 is inserted and fixed in a through hole 259 opened in the pad frame 208 and the pressure pad 207. The pad frame 208 is the carriage base 18
9 and when the card 161 is introduced, FIG.
The card is detected by the optical sensor 192 attached to the carriage base 189 shown in FIG. At this time, a method is adopted in which the pad frame 208 is lowered and the card is fixed by the pressure pad 207. However, the driving roller 1
Due to the rotation accuracy of the magnetic disk 84, the positioning accuracy of the magnetic card side guide 187, the detection accuracy of the optical sensor 192, etc., accurate card positioning may not be performed. Therefore, in the present embodiment, highly accurate card positioning is realized using the optical sensor 258 described above. FIG. 35B shows a positioning mark 260 composed of a white background and a black background printed on the surface of the card 161. The mark is detected by the optical sensor 258 to determine the position.

FIG. 35C shows the positioning mark 260.
Is a detection output signal when is detected by the optical sensor 258.
The optical sensor 258 has a two-channel structure (photo diode
Have two pairs of reflective sensors consisting of
The output of each optical sensor is S₁ And S
_Two And the output voltage on a white background is V₁ And the output of a black background_Two Toss
Then, S₁ And S_Two Output of the positioning mark 160
Depending on the location, the output shown in the figure is obtained. each
The optimal point for positioning the optical sensor is the positioning mark 260
The black and white border of₁ , S_Two Output voltage is V₁ 
/ 2 and V_Two / 2 is added. Therefore, in the figure
Ideal when the optical sensor 258 is at the indicated position AB
Is determined. Card 16 of the Invention
Positioning mechanism 1 implements stepping motor 221
Although described as a form of
Track density used in storage devices such as storage devices
In the positioning mechanism, a stepping motor is mainly used.
And a positioning service recorded in advance on a storage medium.
The servo control is performed based on the B signal. this
In the invention, two Ss of the optical sensor 258 are also used.₁ And S _Two Output voltage
With this, it is necessary to control the phase current of the stepping motor 221.
With this, highly accurate positioning operation can be performed.
You.

Next, a card holding mechanism having a structure in which a pad portion is opened will be described. FIG. 36 shows another embodiment of the transport mechanism. As can be seen from the figure, a card holder 399 is provided between the pressure pad 207 and the carriage base 189. This is to accurately position the card 161 on the carriage base 189.

FIG. 37 (a) shows the card holder 399. The flat portion 399a indicated by oblique lines for mounting the card 161 is designed to be lower than the edge portion 399b, and is partially cut. A portion 399c is provided. The positioning pin 40 is located at a position that does not overlap with the pressure pad 207 attached to the upper lid 393a when assembled.
0a and 400b are attached, and a carriage moving hole 189a and a through-hole 401 at a sensing portion of the microswitch 215 are clear at the center. A connecting portion (cylindrical) 402a for attaching to the carriage base 189 is provided on a side portion.
And 402b. FIG. 37 (b) shows a card 161 used in the present invention, in which circular holes 405a and 405b for positioning are formed on the upper left and right sides. FIG.
(C) shows a state in which the card 161 is mounted on the card holder 399. The attachment and detachment of the card 161 can be easily operated by utilizing the notch 399c. FIG. 37D shows that the card holder 399 has an upper cover 393.
It is sectional drawing at the time of pressing a. The card holder 399 is attached to the carriage base 189 by the pressure pad 207. Connecting portion (cylindrical) 402a shown in FIG.
And 403b are hinged through a connecting rod (cylinder) 404, and the card holder 399 is opened at an angle of about 45 degrees from the surface of the carriage base 189 by a torsion spring (one or two) 406. The pad frame 208 and the carriage base 189 have torsion springs 407 a (omitted) and 407.
b is attached to the inner wall or the outer wall, and both are usually closed. However, the drive shaft 211 of the solenoid 210 causes the unlock lever 395 to penetrate deep into the slit 396 on the side surface of the carriage base 189, and the pad frame 2
The protrusion 408a at the tip of the latch 408 made of a spring material on the inner wall of the carriage 08 is separated from the recess (not shown) of the carriage base 189. At this time, by lifting the upper lid 393a, the pad frame 208 is opened.

Also, when the pad frame 208 is closed,
The convex portion 408a of the latch 408 and the concave portion of the carriage base 189 engage and stop. The direct current motor 22, turntable 15, rotary transformer holder 20, magnetic heads 13a and 13b in the case of a magnetic card reader, and objective lenses 151a and 151b in the case of an optical card reader are provided below the carriage base 189 in FIG. Is omitted. As for the components of the track feed mechanism, as in FIG. 34, a stepping motor 221 for moving the carriage base 189 to one side, a lead screw 2
22, the needle 219 sandwiching the lead screw 222
a, there is a preload spring plate 219b, and the linear motion bearing 2 on the opposite side.
18 and a guide rod 220. In FIG. 32, since the card 161 is introduced by the driving roller 184 and the holding roller 185, the pad frame 208 and the carriage base 189 have no side and the pressure pad 207 can be seen, but in FIG. It is different from the introduction method of the above in that each side has a box shape and this is opened. The card 16 is attached to the carriage base 189.
This is the same as the microswitch 215 shown in FIG. 32 for detecting the presence / absence of a through hole 217 in the pressure pad 207.

Embodiment 25 FIG. In this embodiment, an example of a recording format of a recording / reproducing track on a card will be described. Each recording track is formed from a plurality of sectors. FIG. 38 shows an embodiment of the sector format. 1 to 37 mainly describe the card reader 160 and the card 161 of the present invention. The card reader 160 has a plurality of two concentric circularly symmetric arc-shaped tracks, and performs information recording / reproducing operations with one or two magnetic heads or optical heads. Further, as shown in FIG.
Each of 3a and 63b is divided into a plurality of sectors, and the format shown in FIG. 38B is applied to each sector. This format is almost the same as that of the floppy disk device, optical disk device, and hard disk device, and may be slightly changed depending on the corresponding system. According to the card of the present invention, the magnetic card reader itself can record the preamble, the sector synchronization, the sector address portion and the preamble, the frame synchronization, and the data respectively. Is recorded, and the preamble, frame synchronization, and data area are recorded by an optical card reader.

According to the present invention, the sector pulse indicating the starting point of each sector is not generated from the information recorded on the medium, and the sector pulse shown in FIG.
An optical encoder (a paper or plastic disk provided with bright and dark slits) 261 attached to the rotor portion 22b of the DC motor 22 shown in FIG. The optical sensor 261a is attached, the slit information of the optical encoder 261 is converted into a pulse signal by the optical sensor 261a, and this is used as a sector signal. FIG. 39 shows a method of creating an index signal from the sector signal of FIG.
For example, circle 1 in the figure is a sector pulse train, and the retrigger type one-shot circuit 262 is operated at the falling edge of the pulse train, and the time constant of the one-shot circuit 262 is set to the time width obtained by adding the time width between sectors and the time width of the sector pulse. In other words, the output of the one-shot circuit 262 is obtained as the circle 2 in the figure, and the pulse of the circle 3 in the figure is obtained as the output of the AND circuit 263 of the circles 1 and 2 in the figure. This pulse is called an index pulse and appears at the head of the recording tracks 63a and 63b. The above-mentioned sector pulse and index pulse are sent to the card reader 160 operation timing or sent to the controller of these card readers and used as reference signals for recording / reproducing operations.

Embodiment 26 FIG. Here, the relationship between the overall device after assembling the card reader described in the above embodiment and card mounting will be described. FIG. 40 is a diagram showing an overall configuration of a card reader according to an embodiment of the present invention. Here, a sequence of introduction and ejection of a card and an outline of a device configuration viewed from the outside with the protective cover 168 of the card reader 160 of the present invention removed will be described. (A) When introducing a card into the card reader First, open the one-sided door 173 and insert the card 161 from the card insertion slot 170 of the front panel 169 into the auxiliary base 167.
When it is inserted along the line a, it comes into contact with the card auxiliary base 167a and is electrically insulated from the insulator.
For example, the card 161 becomes non-conductive because it intervenes.
Therefore, the internal control circuit of the card reader detects this state, and the solenoid 210 works to push up the opening / closing lever 212 on the pad frame 208 so that the carriage base 1
A gap is formed between the pad frame 208 and the pad frame 208 so that the card 161 can pass therethrough. Next, the DC motor or the stepping motor rotates, and this is
Is rotated together with the holding roller 185 to receive the card 161.
Is introduced into the carriage base 189. At this time, the card side guide 187 on the carriage base 189 shown in FIG. 27, the card rear surface guide 190, and the optical sensor 192 perform positioning of the card 161 in the X-axis direction and roughly in the Y-axis direction. 210
Is turned off, and the card 161 is sandwiched between the carriage base 189 and the pressure pad 207 in the pad frame 208. The above operation is a closed control inside the card reader 160, and when the introduction is completed, a completion signal is transmitted to an external controller that controls the card reader 160. This is how the card 161 is inserted into the card reader 16
This is a sequence up to introduction within 0.

(B) When the card is already in the card reader If the power is turned off after the operation of reproducing the recorded data of the card 161 to be described later or recording the data, and then the power is turned on again, The card 161 remains in the card reader 160. In this case, since the microswitch 215 shown in FIG. 33B detects the card 161, even if the detection terminal 176 for detecting the presence or absence of the card 161 detects the introduction of a new card, The control circuit in the apparatus does not operate the drive roller 184 and the solenoid 210.

(C) Ejecting a Card In order to eject the card 161 from the card reader 160, it is possible to press the eject switch 171 on the front panel 169 with a human hand or to receive a card eject command from the controller. Become. According to the card ejection command, first, the solenoid 21 shown in FIG.
0 works, the drive shaft 211 moves upward and the pad frame 208 opens, so that the constraint of the card 161 is removed,
Therefore, the card rear guide 1 on the carriage base 189
90 is pushed forward by the force of a leaf spring 191 located behind. Before or after the operation of the solenoid 210, the DC motor 279 (not shown) rotates and the driving roller 1
84 and the holding roller 185 are rotated. The card 161 is pushed forward by the card rear guide 190 described above, and is pushed between the driving roller 184 and the holding roller 185. Therefore, the card 161 is reliably ejected from the card insertion port 170 by the above two rollers. Whether or not it was discharged
The determination is made by the detection terminal 176 behind the card insertion slot 170. First, when the card 161 dives below the detection terminal 176, the electrical continuity between the detection terminal 176 and the auxiliary base 167a is lost, and the driving roller 184 is stopped for a certain time after being rotated. In the present invention, the ejection speed of the card is set to be slow, and even when the card reader 160 is placed sideways by a proportional arrangement with the pressing force of the spring of the detection terminal 176, the card is slightly separated from the driving roller 184 and the holding roller 185. Stop at the card slot 170
As long as the card 161 that has jumped out from is not grasped and pulled out, the state where there is no electrical continuity continues.

To restart, it is necessary to take out the card 161 once by hand, return the detection terminal 176 to the original state, and then insert the card 161 again through the card insertion slot 170. The conduction and non-conduction signals are transmitted to the card reader 16.
0 and is also transmitted to the controller. The above is an outline of the sequence operation of introduction and ejection of the card 161. Next, the card reader 16 shown in FIG.
Among the 0 constituent elements, elements that are necessary for the apparatus configuration that have not been described will be described. Back panel 265 in the figure
Has an interface connector 266 and a power connector 26
7 are attached and connected to the electric circuit board 268. The electric circuit board 268 has a recording / reproducing circuit,
A stepping motor control circuit, a DC motor control circuit, a solenoid control circuit, an internal control circuit including various sensor output processes, and the like are mounted. The device base 21 is provided with a stopper 269 for stopping a runaway of the carriage base 189 due to a malfunction, and a runaway is detected by a microswitch 270 attached in parallel with the stopper 269. An optical sensor 271 for detecting a home position is attached to the device base 21, and generates a signal when the light shielding plate 272 on the side surface of the carriage base 189 passes, and the card 161 is generated at the position where the signal is generated.
Can be introduced and discharged into the apparatus.

Embodiment 27 FIG. An outline of an electric circuit for controlling the card reader and for generating a record according to the present invention will be described. FIG. 41 is an electric circuit block diagram of the card reader. The internal control circuit 273 includes the interface connector 26
6, a track address, a sector address, a head number, a clock signal, a recording / reproducing command, and recording data are received from a card reader control circuit 312, which will be described later, and reproduced data is reproduced to an external card reader control circuit 312. Transmits clock signals, error detection signals, etc. The internal control circuit 273 transmits the internally generated modulated recording data, a recording / reproduction control signal, and a head selection signal to the recording / reproduction circuit 274.
4 reproduces (modulates) data and demodulates it to original data. Further, it transmits a forward or backward direction indicating signal of the stepping motor 221 and the number of feed pulses to the stepping motor control circuit 275. Further, an ON / OFF signal of the DC motor 22 is supplied to the DC motor control circuit 276, a rotation direction instruction signal and an ON / OFF signal of the DC motor are supplied to the DC motor control circuit 277 for the drive roller, and a solenoid control circuit 278 is supplied with the solenoid 210. Send an on / off signal. The signals necessary for the sequence control of the internal control circuit 273 detect the presence / absence of a microswitch 270 for detecting an overrun, an optical sensor 228 for detecting a home position, and the presence or absence of a card on the carriage base 189 disposed inside the card reader. Micro switch 21
5, the optical sensor 258 for detecting the positioning mark of the card 161 and the Y of the card 161 on the carriage base 189.
Each output of the optical sensor 192 for detecting the axis position. The introduction and ejection sequence of the card and the outline of the device configuration according to the embodiment of the card reader 160 of the present invention have been described above.

Embodiment 28 FIG. Next, features of the card 161 of the present invention will be described. The card reader 160 according to the present invention can be used as a file for a personal computer or a word processor as well as a 3.5-inch floppy disk drive which is now mainstream as an exchangeable storage device. Information on history and geography including traffic, hotels, historical sites, and shopping, equipment and other manuals, manuals, learning reference books, texts, games, news, books, company information, advertising information, etc. It can be applied as a recording medium of a use card. The card 1 according to the present invention will be described below.
61 shows the features. (B) Card operability In a conventional prepaid card such as a telephone card, the magnetic recording track is located in the longitudinal direction of the magnetic card, and only one direction can be accessed. If an error occurs, it will not be accepted unless inserted again. If the card 161 used in the card reader 160 of the present invention is inserted into the card reader 160 with the information recording surface facing down, recording and reproduction can be performed regardless of the longitudinal direction of the card 161 regardless of the longitudinal direction. Operation is possible. For example, FIG.
Although the locus of the magnetic recording track is described in (b),
The format of the left and right arc-shaped recording tracks roughly matches the format of the hard disk device, floppy disk device or optical disk device. Alternatively, since the rotation direction of 13b and the recording track 63 is relatively the same, the information on the track can be read accurately. Therefore, the arrangement of the track addresses or the direction of the magnetic card 1a introduced from the address information of the outermost track can be detected inside the magnetic card reader. On the other hand, by having the information obtained by converting the absolute track address in the magnetic card 1a into the track address which is reversed, it is possible to operate without replacing the magnetic card. In order to realize the above, it is necessary to provide another positioning mark 260 of the card 161 shown in FIG. When sector information including servo information is recorded in advance in each recording track of the recording medium, for example, the preamble, sector synchronization, and sector address information in the sector format shown in FIG. When servo information (incorporating a servo pattern for sector servo of a hard disk drive) extending over an adjacent track is entered, the positioning mark 260 is used.
Positioning can be realized without using any.

(B) Ease of Data Retrieval As described with reference to FIG. 12B, recording tracks are arranged at equal pitches in the longitudinal direction of the card 161, so that continuous data access is performed in the longitudinal direction of the card 161. It becomes possible by the access operation before and after. Documents such as books are continuously connected across a plurality of pages from the top. If one novel fits in one card, the card is stored in the same manner as a disk device such as a floppy disk device. The information can be sequentially reproduced from the card 161 while making the tracks 161 one by one starting from the first track.

(C) Realization of Multiple Magnetic Recording System In the above description, the magnetic recording / reproducing method using one or two magnetic heads has been described. These common features are that information is recorded on the surface layer of the magnetic recording medium, and new information can be erased and new information can be recorded by overwriting new information. This is the gap length of the magnetic head, the gap depth, the material properties of the magnetic core,
This means that compatibility among devices can be ensured by aligning specifications such as the core width, and that new information can be recorded on any track of the magnetic card 1a recorded by another device. This is an essential device condition for some types of medium exchange type devices. Card reader 160 of the present invention
The card 161 satisfies this condition, but it is also possible to employ a multiple magnetic recording system in order to increase functions and applications. A method used in a magnetic tape device or the like employs a method in which information is recorded in a deep layer of a medium using a magnetic head having a long gap length, and information is recorded on a surface layer using a magnetic head having a short gap length. Generally, it is difficult to erase information recorded by a magnetic head having a long gap length with a magnetic head having a short gap length. When the difference in gap length is large, only the magnetization state of a part of the surface layer changes. According to the present invention, a magnetic card in which information is recorded in advance by a device dedicated to deep recording is used, or the gap length of one of the two magnetic heads 13a and 13b of the present invention is increased, and another is used. A method of shortening the gap length of the magnetic head may be used.

There are two methods for reproducing multiplex-recorded information. One of them is that when information is recorded deeply by an external device and the gap length of the magnetic head to be reproduced is short, Simultaneously reproduce the deep information and the surface information,
In this method, two signals are separated by a filter. Generally, the frequency of the information recorded in the deep layer is set to a value of 1/10 or less of the information recorded in the surface layer, so that it can be easily separated in the process of processing the reproduced signal. Another method is to have the same magnetic head as that used for deep recording in the device, and reproduce the information with this magnetic head and another magnetic head for surface recording. The frequency characteristics of the magnetic head having a long gap length are inferior in high frequency characteristics, and the signals recorded on the surface layer are output in a small size. On the other hand, the output of the magnetic head corresponding to another surface layer recording can remove a low frequency signal recorded in a deep layer by passing through a high-pass filter. By using this method, for example, servo information recorded on a servo surface used in a hard disk drive is reproduced by a servo head, and a method similar to the servo surface servo method of positioning the head based on this information is applied. it can.
That is, either the magnetic head 13a or 13b has a long gap length as a reproducing head for servo information in a deep layer, and the other uses a short gap length for recording and reproducing data, or a method using a short gap length. A method in which servo information and data reproduction information are simultaneously reproduced by two magnetic heads and separated into two signal sources by a signal processing circuit, or one of the two magnetic heads is used to record and reproduce servo information. There is a method in which servo information is recorded and reproduced by its own device using a dedicated device, and the other device is used for recording and reproducing data. Furthermore, methods such as recording voice or music in the deep layer and having data or image information with high rewriting frequency on the surface layer, and recording information with little rewriting in the deep layer, and having information with high rewriting frequency on the surface layer Operation.

(D) Combination with image information The surface of prepaid cards, such as telephone cards and orange cards, which are currently on the market, are provided with various types of image information and issuance information, such as color prints and photographs, and price display or introduction to equipment. Necessary information such as directions is displayed. These image information are used to identify the type of card (for example, an orange card is mainly a train image). For the purpose of the money information, the display and use of the money amount at the end of the card are used. The obtained amount is recorded on a magnetic recording medium in the form of a stripe on the back surface with a round hole provided by a punch. As another example,
The applicable section, the usable period, the name and age of the user are written on the front side of the commuter pass used in JR, and these information are coded and recorded on the magnetic recording medium on the back side. On the other hand, the magnetic card and the optical card used in the present invention are not limited to the image information for identifying the type of the card and the combination of the image information and the alphanumeric characters as well as the prepaid card and the commuter pass described above. This information can be inseparable from the information on the back side of the recording medium, and the information of both can be added to provide consistent information. The title and figure or picture of multiple information recorded on the back side, the position of the information where the information is recorded, the essence of the content are displayed on the front side, and the information recorded on the back side is read based on that information be able to. As another method of use, the present invention can be used as a voice recording / reproducing device using a card recorder.

Embodiment 29 FIG. A mechanism in which a card holding mechanism moves in a lateral direction with respect to a stationary card and a head reads and writes while rotating is described. FIG.
It is another embodiment of a card reader. 34, the carriage base 189 of the transport mechanism 186 is moved by a stepping motor, and the turntable 15 and the DC motor 22 are fixed to the apparatus base 21. In this embodiment, unlike the above-described embodiment, the carriage base 189 of the transport mechanism 186 is attached to the device base 21.
And moving the turntable 15 and the DC motor 22 and other accessory parts. The stator 22a of the DC motor 22 is fixed to the head assembly mechanism 280 in the figure, and the rotor 22b and the rotating shaft 16 cooperate with each other. The rotary transformer holder 20 is mounted on the head assembly mechanism 280.

The movement of the head assembly mechanism 280 has the same structure as the mechanism for moving the head carriage base 189 shown in FIG.
The guide rod 220 penetrates the linear motion bearing 218 at one end of the “0”, and can move back and forth. At another end, a needle 219a and a preload spring plate 219b are rigidly fixed to the head assembly mechanism 280, and the needle 219a and the needle 219a There is a preload spring plate 219b on the side and the lead screw 2
The rotation motion of 22 is converted into linear motion by the needle 219a. The feature of this embodiment is that a turntable moving hole 1 is provided.
Since the head assembly including the turntable 15 and the heads 13a and 13b moves while rotating on the head assembly mechanism 280 in the range of 89a, the carriage base 189 can be moved compared to the driving method of FIG. Since no movement is required, there is an advantage that the depth of the device can be reduced.

Embodiment 30 FIG. In the present embodiment, FIG.
1 (b) Magnetic head 13a on turntable 15
Or the effect of the thickness of the protective layer provided on the magnetic layer of the magnetic card on the reproduction performance of each of the wound type magnetic head and the magneto-resistive (MR-Magnetic Resistive) head applied to 13b. Will be described in detail. FIG. 43A is a diagram showing the relationship between a wound magnetic head and a reproduction track.
The figure shows a state in which information is previously recorded on the recording track 63 on the magnetic recording medium 62, and the magnetized S pole and N
A magnetic flux Φ is constantly generated between the poles. Then, when the magnetic recording medium 62 moves in the direction of the arrow “F”, a part of the magnetic flux Φ enters from the tip of the head core 59 of the wound magnetic head, and a magnetic path is formed between the magnetic recording medium and the magnetic recording medium 62. Is done. At this time, a temporal change of the magnetic flux Φ crossing the head coil 61 is detected at terminals a and b as a reproduction signal. The reproduction performance of this type of wound magnetic head is based on the head core 59.
The most dominant factor depends on the magnetic material and the length of the magnetic path, and the vertical or horizontal length of the head gap. A gap d with 62.

FIG. 43B is a diagram showing an MR head and recording tracks. A magnetic flux Φ generated from the recording track 63 crosses the MR element 501, and a resistance value corresponding to the amount of the magnetic flux Φ is generated between the terminals 501c and 501d. Therefore, the difference from the resistance value when the magnetic flux Φ is zero is used as a reproduction signal. Generally, since the MR element 501 is easily affected by an external magnetic field other than the magnetic recording medium 62, the influence of the external magnetic field other than the magnetic flux Φ from the recording track 63 on the magnetic recording medium 62 is excluded around the MR element 501. for,
The structure is covered with a magnetic thin film for magnetic shielding. Also,
Recent studies have shown that NiFe / Co and Co / NiFe
A giant MR element has been put to practical use in which a thin metal thin film layer is sandwiched between R thin films to generate a slight magnetic region and obtain a higher output than conventional MR elements. FIG. 43 (c)
(A) and (b), the normalized reproduction output of the wound magnetic head and the MR head, and the gap d between the head and the magnetic recording medium.
Is obtained from experiments. In the experiment,
Using the same magnetic recording medium, on the same track on which information has been recorded in advance, standardized reproduction outputs of the above two types of magnetic heads are obtained with the same gap d. After the reproduction output is obtained, the attenuation rate is plotted. As is clear from the figure, the MR head is a head which is less affected by the gap d and has a smaller attenuation rate of the reproduction output than the wound magnetic head. Therefore, the reproducing head is most suitable for a magnetic card in which a non-magnetic thin film is overcoated on the surface of the magnetic recording medium in advance.

Next, the magnetic card used in the present invention will be described. In general, there are two types of magnetic cards, one having no overcoat coat and having a bare magnetic recording medium surface and one having a nonmagnetic thin film overcoated on the magnetic recording medium surface in advance. When a wound magnetic head is used for these magnetic cards, the former magnetic card is only affected by the surface roughness of the magnetic recording medium and the minimal lubrication layer. Since the gap d between the heads can be almost ignored, it can be used advantageously in terms of recording density and reproduction output, and can be used with a large storage capacity. However, in the case of the latter magnetic card, if the thickness of the non-magnetic thin film is increased, the gap d is increased, so that the recording density and the reproduction output are the same as those of currently available telephone cards and JR commuter passes. Therefore, it can be used only in a small storage capacity range. However, when an MR head is used as a reproducing head, it is possible to secure a recording density and a gap d, which are difficult with a conventional wound magnetic head. In the experiment, a magnetic recording medium having a coercive force of 1500 Oersted was used, and the gap d was 7500 frpi / 100 tpi at 0.5 μm (including slight surface roughness of the magnetic recording medium) and 25 at 1 μm.
At 00 frpi / 100 tpi, a result having no practical problem in terms of the SN ratio was obtained. The above results were obtained from one experiment, and the recording density will be improved by further improving the magnetic recording medium and the MR head in the future. The main purpose of the use of the MR head in the magnetic card reader of the present invention is to reduce the loss of the gap d due to overcoating. The aim is greatly different from a magnetic tape device or a fixed magnetic disk device which is applied as a means for increasing the storage capacity for the purpose of increasing the bit density and the track density by adopting an appropriate MR head.

Embodiment 31 FIG. FIG. 44 shows the MR of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a magnetic card using the head as a reproducing head. Conventionally, commercially available prepaid cards are composed of a protective layer, a printing layer, a base material (milky PET), a magnetic recording layer, a silver layer, and a printing layer in this order from the surface of the card.
The overcoat using a non-magnetic film of the magnetic card used in the present invention corresponds to the above-mentioned silver layer, and the conventional silver layer has been over-coated with a non-magnetic film having a thickness of several micrometers or more. In the magnetic card 1a of the present invention, a nonmagnetic film having a lubricating property with a head sliding life of 1 μm or less and a long lubricating property is overcoated. In the figure, 502 is a protective layer, 503 is a printed layer, and 504 is a substrate (milky white PE).
T), 505 is a magnetic recording layer, and 506 is a protective layer made of a non-magnetic film. Further, in the magnetic card 1a of the present invention, the lowermost print layer has a gap d between the head and the magnetic recording layer 505.
Is generally not used, but when a printing layer is provided by force, the area outside the area where the head does not access,
For example, in the optical card shown in FIG.
The problem can be solved by using a place other than 50b, 150e, and 150g. As described above, the 1 on the magnetic recording layer 505
By using the protective layer 506 having a thickness of less than a micrometer and the MR head, a storage capacity two orders of magnitude higher than the recording density of a conventional prepaid card can be secured.

Since the gap d between the head and the magnetic recording layer 505 has a great influence on the recording density and the reproduction output, in order to increase the storage capacity with one magnetic card, as with the magnetic tape, the magnetic recording medium is used. Needless to say, a structure in which the surface and the head are in direct contact is good. However, as described above, when the magnetic recording layer 505 is bare, it is difficult to put the magnetic recording layer 505 into practical use as a product that can be used for a long term because it may be inadvertently scratched or damaged by highly adherent dust. Met. In the present invention, in order to further obtain a storage capacity, the magnetic recording layer 505 is made to be able to face the head barely in the state of performing recording and reproduction, and in other states, in order to protect the surface of the magnetic layer 505 from scratches and dust. , Which proposes a new method, which will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

Embodiment 32 FIG. FIG. 45 shows the principle of a magnetic card with a cover. A protective cover 507 is attached to one side AB of the magnetic card 1a. The vertical and horizontal dimensions of the protective cover 507 are smaller than or equal to the magnetic card 1a and have a structure that rotates 360 degrees. . During normal storage and carrying, as shown in FIG. 7A, the protective cover 507 is closed so as to cover the magnetic layer 505 of the magnetic card 1a. It can protect from scratches and dust. To access with a magnetic card reader, the naked magnetic recording layer 505 can be brought into contact with the head by opening the protective cover 507 in the order of (b) and (c) in the drawing and turning over the back of the magnetic card 1a. Also,
When taking it out of the magnetic card reader for storage or carrying it, return to the original state shown in FIG. Although not shown in the drawings, a structure satisfying the following conditions is also within the scope of the present invention. (1) The surface of the protective cover 507 is composed of a protective layer and a printing layer. (2) The protective cover 507 is made of an elastic material and has a function of the pressure pad 207. (3) a structure in which a weak adhesive substance is applied to a part of the periphery of either the protective cover 507 or the magnetic card 1a to maintain a state in which it does not open naturally in the state of FIG.
Alternatively, one having a structure capable of maintaining the state in which the protective cover 507 or the magnetic card 1a is physically opened by being physically processed and cannot be opened naturally. (4) A magnetic card comprising the magnetic card 1a and the protective cover 507, the surface of the magnetic card 1a, and the protective cover 507
A card assembly with a case that can be taken in and out so that the display on the back can be seen.

Embodiment 33 FIG. In this embodiment, still another example of the magnetic reproducing circuit described in Embodiment 8 will be described. The circuit shown in FIG. 10E includes a primary winding 55a, a secondary winding 55b, a DC / AC converter 56, and an AC / DC converter 57 of the newly provided rotary transformer 48, and the magnetic head 13a or 13b. A positive DC voltage for driving the amplifier 53a inserted in the middle of the secondary winding 46b was generated. However, in the above power supply system, the DC / AC converter 5
6 or noise from the oscillator of the AC / DC converter 57, etc.
There is a possibility that the signal may overlap the path from the magnetic head 13a or 13b to the amplifier 53a, the primary winding 46a, and the secondary winding 46b, and a new power supply method may be required.

FIG. 46 is a recording / reproducing circuit diagram using a new power supply system. FIG. 47A is a configuration diagram of an apparatus using a slip ring. The same members as those in FIG. 10E are indicated by the same numbers, and the same members as those in FIG. 7A are indicated by the same numbers. This will be described below with reference to FIGS. 46 and 47 (a). Each of the slip rings 508 and 509 has a cylindrical shape, and a portion obtained by extending the rotation shaft 16 to the inside diameter is inserted and fixed to the rotation shaft. Although not explicitly shown in FIG. 47A, the slip rings 508 and 509 are connected to the amplifier 53a by lead wires. Reference numerals 510 and 511 denote brushes which are arranged so as to be in contact with the slip rings 508 and 509, respectively, and are connected to the power supply and the ground by lead wires, though not explicitly shown in FIG.
Slip rings 508 and 509 and brushes 510 and 5
The contact 11 is made of a conductive metal, for example, an alloy of gold and silver, an alloy of silver and palladium, or titanium nitride. Reference numeral 512 denotes a fixing member for installing the brushes 510 and 511 on the apparatus base 21. In such a configuration, when the turntable 15 rotates around the rotation shaft 16, the slip rings 508 and 509 rotate, but the brushes 510 and 511 always rotate the slip ring 50.
8 and 509. Therefore, the DC voltage for driving the amplifier 53a is supplied from the power source to the brushes 510 and 511.
And amplifier 53 via slip rings 508 and 509.
a. Also, the slip rings 508 and 50
If conductive grease is applied to the contact between the brush 9 and the brushes 510 and 511, the wear resistance of the slip rings 508 and 509 and the brushes 510 and 511 is improved, and the load of the DC motor 22 for rotating the turntable 15 is improved. Also decreases.

FIG. 47B shows another embodiment using the slip ring according to the present invention. Slip ring 5
This is an example in which 08 and 509, brushes 510 and 511, and a fixing member 512 are incorporated in a card reader. In FIG. 47B, the same members as those in FIG. 47A are denoted by the same reference numerals. Slip rings 508 and 509
Is formed into a cylindrical shape, and a rotary shaft 16 and a rib on the inside of the turntable 15 are inserted into an inner diameter portion thereof.
08 and 509 are fixed to ribs inside the turntable 15. The brushes 510 and 511 are mounted on the device base 21 by a fixing jig 512 between the rotary transformer 48 and the slip rings 508 and 509 so as to contact the slip rings 508 and 509. According to such a configuration, it is possible to further reduce the thickness of the device as compared with the above-described embodiment, and it is difficult for dust to adhere to the slip rings 508 and 509 and the brushes 510 and 511, and to stably reduce the DC voltage. Can supply power. Further, the above-described DC voltage feeding method is for driving the amplifier 53a provided in the secondary winding 46b. However, when the magnetic head 13a or 13b is replaced with an MR head, FIG. (B) Terminal 5 of MR element 501
It can also be used to supply a DC bias between 01c and 501d. Further, a new proposal for connecting a wound type DC erasing magnetic head by using the slip rings 508 and 509 and erasing DC of the previous information on the magnetic card is also possible. In addition to supplying the DC voltage to the MR element 501, the present invention can be applied as a means for transmitting a reproduction signal. In the present embodiment, slip rings 508 and 50
9 and the brushes 510 and 511 have been described only for two sets for power supply and grounding. However, when using an amplifier requiring positive and negative power supplies, three sets of slip rings and brushes may be provided.

However, in the configuration shown in FIG.
When the number of the slip rings 508 and 509 and the brushes 510 and 511 described above is increased, the number increases in the height direction of the apparatus, so that the thickness of the apparatus increases. Therefore, a configuration example for solving the above problem will be described below. FIG. 47C is a sectional view of a card reader according to another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 47 (c)
In FIG. 47, the same members as those in FIG. 47 (a) are denoted by the same reference numerals. In this example, three sets of a slip ring and a brush are incorporated in the apparatus. The inner diameter of the slip ring 509 was increased, and a slip ring 513 was provided on the inner diameter portion. The slip rings 509 and 513 are fixed to the slip ring 508, and the slip ring 508 is fixed to a rib inside the turntable 15. Brush 5
10 and 511 are mounted on the device base 21 so as to be in contact with the slip rings 508 and 509 by a fixing jig 512 between the rotary transformer 48 and the slip rings 508 and 509, as in the above-described embodiment. The brush 514 is provided between the slip ring 513 and the rib inside the turntable 15.
The fixing jig 515 contacts the device base 2
1 is installed. With such a configuration, FIG.
Three sets of slip rings and brushes can be installed with the same device thickness as (b). Although not shown in the figure, if a new brush is installed between the fixing jig 515 and the rotating shaft 16 and a new slip ring is installed on the rib inside the turntable 15, more mounting is possible. Is possible.

Embodiment 34 FIG. Another embodiment of a primary winding and a secondary winding of a rotary transformer used in the present invention will be described. In FIG. 10D, for example, when the winding number ratio between the primary winding 46a and the secondary winding 46b is set to 2: 1, the reproduction signal voltage of the secondary winding 46b during reproduction is reduced. In the primary winding 46a, a double reproduction signal voltage is obtained. However, in the configuration as shown in FIG. 10D, the primary winding 46
a, the number of turns of the primary winding 46a and the secondary winding 46b is set to 2: 1.
Due to the increase in the inductance a, the current rise time at the time of switching the recording current in the primary winding 46a increases,
A high-frequency recording signal cannot be transmitted to the magnetic head 13a or 13b. Also, 2 for impedance matching
By reducing the number of turns of the secondary winding 46b, the primary winding 46
a and the ratio of the number of turns of the secondary winding 46b to 2: 1
As the inductance of the secondary winding decreases, the inductance of the magnetic head 13a or 13b must be further reduced for impedance matching. Therefore,
The number of windings of the magnetic head 13a or 13b must be reduced, and finally the reproduction output is reduced. An increase in the input reproduction signal voltage cannot be expected.

This embodiment is an embodiment for solving the above-mentioned problems, and will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 48 shows a configuration diagram of the recording / reproducing circuit of the present embodiment. 48, the same members as those in FIG. 10 (d) are indicated by the same reference numerals. A center tap 516 is provided at the center of the primary winding 46a, and is connected to the recording / reproducing circuit 53. Further, the number of turns n1 between the center tap 516 and one terminal of the primary winding 46a and the center tap 51
6 and the number n2 of windings between the other terminal of the primary winding 46a.
Have a relationship of n1 = n2. In such a configuration, at the time of recording, the primary winding 4
A recording current flows to one terminal or the other terminal of 6a and transmits the recording current to the secondary winding 46b. Further, at the time of reproduction, the reproduction signal is transmitted from the secondary winding 46b to the primary winding 46a without using the center tap 516.

Here, the case where the ratio of the number of turns n3 of the secondary winding 46b to n1, n2 is n1 = n2 = n3, and the case where the number of turns of the secondary winding 46b is n3 In comparison with FIG. 10D in which the center tap 516 is not provided and FIG.
Since the recording current flows to one terminal or the other terminal of the secondary winding 46a and transmits the recording signal to the secondary winding 46b, the current rise time at the time of switching the recording current is also shown in FIG.
It is equivalent to (d). The transmission of the recording signal by the rotary transformer 48 is the same as that shown in FIG. Also,
The reproduction signal from the secondary winding 46b is transmitted to the primary winding 46a because the center tap 516 is not used at the time of reproduction, and thus the number of turns of the primary winding 46a and the secondary winding 46b. The ratio becomes 2: 1 and compared to the case of FIG.
The reproduction signal input to the recording / reproduction circuit 53 can be doubled. As described above, by providing the center tap on the primary winding, there is an advantage that the reproduction signal from the head can be doubled and transmitted without affecting the recording current. In particular, when the distance from the primary winding of the rotary transformer to the recording / reproducing circuit 53 is long, this is an effective method for reducing a decrease in the SN ratio due to external noise.

Embodiment 35 FIG. Next, the adjustment mechanism of the magnetic head on the turntable used in the present invention will be described. Conventional magnetic card readers have a low recording density, and the magnetic head used is a single magnetic head. Therefore, even if the position of the magnetic head, especially the head gap, is slightly different for each device, the data is recorded on the magnetic card. Information could be read. However, in order to increase the storage capacity of the device, it is necessary to increase the recording density or to use a plurality of magnetic heads. Is shifted, and compatibility with other devices cannot be obtained. In the present embodiment, the details of a head positioning adjustment mechanism for ensuring compatibility will be described.

An embodiment of the magnetic head adjusting mechanism of the present invention will be described below. The same parts as those in the conventional example are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted. FIG.
Is a plan view showing a magnetic head adjusting mechanism according to the present invention, FIG. 50 is a cross-sectional view showing the magnetic head adjusting mechanism when the microscope according to the present invention is mounted, and FIG. 51 is a turntable according to the present invention. FIG. 52 is a cross-sectional view related to adjustment in which rotation is performed with the radial direction toward the center as the rotation axis (pitching direction). FIG. is there. FIG. 53 is a diagram showing interference fringes appearing when the sliding portion of the slider of the magnetic head comes into contact with the glass plate, and FIG. 54 is a plan view showing in-plane movement adjustment by the magnetic head adjustment mechanism.

In FIG. 49, 517 is the magnetic head 13
a, a holder for positioning and holding a with an adhesive or the like, 5
Reference numeral 18 denotes a head holder that holds the magnetic head 13b located on the opposite side of the head holder 517, 517a, 517
b, 517c, and 517d are screw holes provided in the head holder 517 that are not aligned on the same straight line.
b, 518c, 518d are head holders 5 on the opposite side
18 is a screw hole provided on On the other hand, 517e, 5
17f is provided on the head holder 517,
19a and 519b are holes slightly larger than the screw diameter. 519c and 519d are mounting screws. 520a, 520b, 520c, 520d, 520
e, 520f, 520g, and 520h are adjustment screws.
521 is a U-shaped member, 521a is a longitudinal portion of the U-shaped member 521, 521b is a right arm of the U-shaped member 521, 521c.
Are left arm portions of the U-shaped member 521, and 519e and 519f are mounting screws 522a, 522b, 522c, and 522d.
Is an adjusting screw, 523 is a leaf spring for urging the head holder 517 in the direction of arrow A, 523a is an L-shaped arm of the leaf spring 523, and 523b is a side face 517 of the head holder 517.
The convex contact portions 524a and 524b that contact the point g are screws fixing the leaf spring 523. In FIG. 50, 525 is a glass plate, 525a is a lower surface of the glass plate,
5b is the upper surface of the glass plate, 526 is the glass plate holder, 526
a is a reference surface provided on the glass plate holding base 526, and serves as a reference for the height of the magnetic heads 13a and 13b. 527 is a microscope, 528 is a microscope holder, 529 is a bearing, and 530 is a weight.

First, a description will be given of a head positioning method by the magnetic head adjusting mechanism of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 50, the shaft 16 protruding from the turntable 15
Is inserted into a bearing 529 fixed to the glass plate holder 526 to make the turntable 15 rotatable. Next, the glass plate 525 is placed on the height reference surface of the magnetic heads 13a and 13b of the glass plate holder 526. The glass plate 525 is fixed by placing the weight 530 on the upper surface 525b of the glass plate 525. Or, alternatively, a weight of 5
You may restrict | strain by screws etc. other than 30. Observation microscope 5
The microscope support 528 for holding the microscope 27 needs to be installed on the glass plate support 526 and arranged at a position where the sliding portion 25a of the slider 23 of the magnetic head 13a can be observed with the microscope 527. FIG. 53 shows interference fringes appearing when the sliding portion of the slider of the magnetic head comes into contact with the glass plate, and 531a in the drawing shows the sliding portion 25a of the slider 23 of the magnetic head 13a and the lower surface 525a of the glass plate.
Primary interference fringes 531b generated in a small gap between the first and second are interference fringes. The posture of the magnetic head is adjusted while observing the state of these interference fringes.

On the turntable 15 shown in FIG.
The head holder 517 to which the magnetic head 13a is attached is held, and the attachment screws 519a and 519b are inserted into the two attachment holes 517e and 517f opened in the head holder 517, respectively. Mounting screws 519a, 51 to the extent
9b is temporarily fixed to the turntable 15. The adjustment screws 520a, 520b, 520c, and 520d are provided at four screw holes 517a, 517 provided in the head holder 517.
17b, 517c and 517d, and the adjusting screw 520
Tighten until the four tips such as a contact the turntable 15. Next, the U-shaped member 521 is mounted on the turntable 15, and the mounting screws 519 are mounted.
e, 519f. Right arm 5 of U-shaped member 521
The adjustment screw 522a is screwed into the head holder 517 from the direction of the arrow B until it comes into contact with the right wing side portion 517j of the head holder 517. Similarly, the adjusting screws 522b and 522c provided on the longitudinal portion 521a of the U-shaped member 521 are tightened in the direction of arrow C until they come into contact with the wing side 517h. The holder 517 is tightened until it comes into contact with the left wing side portion 517i. Next, a convex contact portion 523b provided on the L-shaped arm portion 523a of the leaf spring 523, and a side surface 517 of the head holder 517.
g, and biases the leaf spring 523 in the direction of arrow A to apply a preload to the head holder 517. The convex contact portion 52
Reference numeral 3b denotes a method in which the plate spring 523 is fixed to the turntable 15 with the screws 524a and 524b so as to abut the adjustment screw 522b and the adjustment screw 522c.

A method of adjusting the attitude of the magnetic head among the adjustments of the magnetic head will be described. First, the magnetic head 13a shown in FIGS. 49 and 50 will be described as an example. When the glass plate 525 is placed on the height reference surface 526a of the magnetic head 13a, the lower surface 525a of the glass plate 525 becomes the adjustment reference surface of the magnetic head 13a. It is assumed that the four adjustment screws 520a, 520b, 520c, and 520d have their respective tips in contact with the turntable 15, and the head holder 517 is attached so that there is a margin in the vertical direction. And To adjust the attitude of the magnetic head 13a in this state, four adjustment screws 520 are used.
a, 520b, 520c, and 520d, respectively. When the adjusting screws 520a and the like are tightened, the head holder 517 is lifted up and down by a margin for mounting the head holder 517 in the up and down direction. Also, the head holder 517 can be tilted by changing the amount of tightening of the adjustment screw 520a and the like. Therefore, by turning these adjustment screws, the head holder 517
The attitude of the magnetic head 13a held at the position can be adjusted. Also, as shown in FIG.
If you want to adjust a in the pitching direction,
When 20d is tightened more than the adjustment screw 520c, the head holder 517 of the head holder 517 is inclined in the direction of arrow E. Further, as shown in FIG. 52, when the posture of the magnetic head 13a is to be adjusted in the rolling direction, if the adjustment screw 520d is tightened more than the adjustment screw 520a, the head holder 517 is inclined in the direction of arrow F. . Also,
When adjusting the height of the magnetic head 13a itself, the four adjustment screws 520a, 520b, 520c, and 520d may have the same tightening amount. Lastly, when the adjustment is completed, the glass plate 525 is temporarily fixed with the mounting screws 519a and 519b, and the glass plate 525 is fixed to the height reference surface 52 of the glass plate holding base 526.
6a, the slider 25a of the slider 23 of the magnetic head 13a is brought into a state where it can be observed by the microscope 527.

As shown in FIG. 53, the adjustment is performed until the interference fringe becomes visible due to the slight gap between the sliding portion 25a of the slider 23 of the magnetic head 13a and the lower surface 525a of the glass plate 525. As a guide, the first interference fringes 53
1a and the second interference fringe 531b are driven to the point where they can be seen simultaneously on both sliding surfaces, and then the slider 2 of the magnetic head 13a is placed on the lower surface 525a of the glass plate 525.
A plurality of times until the sliding portion 25a of No. 3 comes in contact with the correct posture,
Repeat the posture adjustment. Then, one magnetic head 13a
After the adjustment of the height direction, the rolling direction, and the pitching direction is completed, they are temporarily fixed with the mounting screws 519a and 519b. Next, the turntable 15 is rotated about the axis 16 to bring the magnetic head 13b held by the other head holder 518 to a position where it can be seen with the microscope 527, and the same posture adjustment as in the case of the magnetic head 13a described above. Perform After the head attitude adjustment is completed, the position of the head gap portion 24 is continuously adjusted. In the present embodiment, it is assumed that the head is on a twin-body type flat slider shown in FIG. First, as shown in FIG. 53, the center of the turntable 15 is indexed, and a radius line 53 passing through the center of the turntable 15 is set.
2 and the position of the microscope 527 are determined so that the cross line 527b provided in advance on the lens 527a of the microscope 527 matches, and the cross point 527d is
Microscope 527 so as to be at a specified radius position from the center of 5
Must be positioned. To adjust the head gap position, the cross line 527b and the head gap portion 2
4 can be achieved by moving the magnetic head so that the end face 24a of the head gap portion 24, the cross line 527c located in the direction orthogonal to the cross line 527b, and the end portion 24b of the head gap portion 24 coincide.

This will be described in detail below. First, as shown in FIG. 49, the adjusting screw 522a arranged on the right arm 521b of the U-shaped member 521 is tightened in the direction B, and the left arm 5
When the adjustment screw 522d disposed on the screw 21c is loosened, the head holder 517 is moved to the hole 517e, the screw 519a, and the hole 517.
Since there is a margin between f and the screw 519b, it can be moved in the B direction. Conversely, the head holder 517 moves in the D direction. Also, when the two adjustment screws 522b and 522c arranged on the longitudinal portion 521a are tightened by the same amount,
The head holder 517 starts moving in the direction C against the urging force of the leaf spring 523 urged against the head holder 517, and moves in the radial direction toward the center of the turntable 15. Further, as shown in FIG. 54, when more of the two adjustment screws 522b, 522c, 522c is tightened than 522b, the head holder 517 becomes the leaf spring 52.
The third convex contact portion 523b rotates in the G direction due to the moment in the G direction generated as a rotation center. In this way, the gap position of the head can be moved in a plane. Further, the leaf spring 523 is connected to the head holder 52.
3 is always preloaded in the direction A, so that the head holder 51
7 can be moved slightly without backlash.
As described above, when the height adjustment, attitude adjustment, and head gap adjustment of the two magnetic heads are completed, the mounting screws 519a, 519b, 519c, and 519d are strongly tightened to lock the screws. Finally, the biased leaf spring 52
After removing 3 and the U-shaped member 521, the turntable 15 is removed from the bearing 529 to complete the adjustment.

Embodiment 36 FIG. Another head adjustment mechanism will be described. This is a ball mounted below the head holder. As shown in FIG. 55, in the head posture adjustment in the rolling direction, the adjustment screws 520a, 520b, and 5 arranged on the head holder 517 on the turntable 15 are used.
The ball 53 is set so as to abut within the inner range of 20c and 520d.
3 and the head holder 517 is placed thereon, as shown in FIG.
The posture adjustment is performed as in the case shown in FIG. That is, in the magnetic head 13a, four or more adjustment screws 517a, 517
B, 517c and 517d tighten the head holder 517 from above to adjust the head attitude of the head holder 517. When the adjustment screw 520d is tightened more than the adjustment screw 520a, the head holder 517 is inclined around the spherical contact portion 533a of the spherical portion 533 as a rotation center. Similarly, in the pitching direction, the head holder 517 can be inclined with the spherical contact portion 533a as the center of rotation. Further, by adjusting the height of the spherical contact portion 533a in advance and attaching the magnetic head 13a, it is not necessary to adjust the height of the magnetic head 13a in the height direction. The adjustment with three adjustment screws is shown in FIG.
Adjustment screws 520i, 520j, 5
20k is arranged, and the spherical portion 533 is arranged therein.
Adjustment is performed in the same manner as in the case of four adjustment screws shown in FIG.

Embodiment 37 FIG. Further, another head adjustment mechanism will be described. This is provided with a head holder moving table. As shown in FIG. 57, the head holder 51
7, a head holder moving table 534 is installed, and the head attitude of the head holder 517 is adjusted on the head holder moving table 534. After that, the entire head holder moving table 534 is moved in a plane using the adjusting screw 522a or the like arranged on the U-shaped member 521, so that the position of the head gap can be adjusted. First, the head attitude is adjusted while contacting the head holder moving table 534 with four adjustment screws 520a and the like disposed on the head holder 517. After the head attitude adjustment is completed, the mounting screws 519g,
At 519h, the head holder 517 is moved to the head holder moving table 5.
34. Next, as shown in FIG. 58, the head gap position is adjusted while pressing the wing portions 534a and 534b of the head holder moving base 534 with the adjustment screws 522a, 522b, 522c, and 522d.

Embodiment 38 FIG. In the above embodiment, the attitude adjustment of the head mounted on the twin-body flat type slider 23a has been described. However, as shown in FIG. 59, the head attitude can be similarly adjusted using the interference fringes with the button type slider 23b as shown in FIG. 59, and the head gap can be adjusted in the same manner as in the thirty-fifth embodiment.

Embodiment 39 FIG. A device for removing dust and contaminants attached to a card will be described. As a device for removing dust and contaminants attached to a magnetic recording medium, a related VT is used.
There is an R tape cassette in which a polishing sheet is disposed in place of a magnetic tape (dry type) or a polishing cloth is disposed and used by wetting a liquid abrasive (wet type). In addition, a dry type is mainly used for a floppy disk, and a type in which an abrasive sheet is disposed in a diskette case instead of the floppy disk is widely used. However, utilizing these devices as they are for magnetic cards has the following disadvantages. In the card reader of the present invention, since there is no cassette and the recording medium has an almost exposed structure, dust, fingerprints, oils, and the like in the air adhere to the card. In addition, a driving roller is provided for transporting the card, and when the abrasive comes into contact with the polishing roller, the transport accuracy of the card is significantly deteriorated, and the recording / reproducing performance of data on the card is deteriorated.

First, prior to the description of the dust removing device, some embodiments relating to the contact between the magnetic head and the magnetic card will be described. The head and card supporting mechanism of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In the figure, 5
Numerals 35a and 535b are magnetic head preparation holders fixed on the turntable 15 by screws or the like. The magnetic head preparation holder includes magnetic heads 13a and 13a.
b is fixed by bonding or the like. Magnetic heads 13a, 13
b is a magnetic magnetic card 1a including a gap portion (not shown)
Has a spherical surface or a convex curved surface. This has been described in the thirty-eighth embodiment. Reference numeral 207 denotes a pressure pad which is pressed against the magnetic heads 13a and 13b with a predetermined pressing force against the magnetic head 13 configured as described above with a magnetic card interposed therebetween, and is fixed to the pad frame 208. The surface of the pressure pad 207 on the magnetic head side is adjusted by the pad frame 208 so as to be substantially perpendicular to the rotation axis of the turntable 15. In the card reader, it is necessary that the rotational scanning locus of the magnetic head coincides with the information track on the card. for that reason,
When the magnetic card 1a is not inserted or ejected, the magnetic card 1a, the pressure pad 207, and the pad frame 208 are relatively stationary. For example, the magnetic card 1a is used to switch information tracks on the card surface. When the pressure pad 207 and the pad frame 20 are moved in the longitudinal direction,
8 also moves integrally with the magnetic card 1a. The pressure pad 207 is made of a porous polymer material such as sponge or a fiber material such as fur felt,
A card having much lower rigidity than the magnetic card 1a is used.

Next, the operation will be described. In the present embodiment, the magnetic card 1a is caused to locally follow the magnetic heads 13a and 13b by the pressing force of the pressure pad 207 with the rotation surface formed by the vertices of the magnetic heads 13a and 13b as the reference surface. Things. The magnetic card 1a
The contact pressure received from the magnetic heads 13a and 13b fixed and supported by the pressing force of the pressing pad 207 causes the magnetic head 13 having a spherical or convex curved surface together with the pressing pad 207.
The vertices of a and 13b are contacted at the center. This contact area
The errors in the height of the magnetic heads 13a and 13b are absorbed by the displacement of the pressure pad 207, and the positions of the vertices of the magnetic heads 13a and 13b are in contact so as to hardly change. Each vertex of the plurality of magnetic heads 13a and 13b is arranged on a plane perpendicular to the rotation axis of the turntable 15, and the gap of each magnetic head is located at the vertex. On the other hand, since the pressure pad 207 is configured substantially parallel to a plane substantially perpendicular to the rotation axis of the turntable 15, the magnetic card 1a
As long as the pressure applied to the magnetic cards 1a and 13b is applied, the gap always contacts the magnetic card 1a. When a gimbal spring used in a floppy disk drive or a hard disk drive is used, centrifugal force acts on the magnetic heads 13a and 13b due to rotation of the turntable, and the magnetic heads 13a and 13b tend to tilt. It is very difficult to adjust the attitude of the heads 13a and 13b. However, if the configuration shown in the present embodiment is used, the magnetic heads 13a and 13b are unlikely to tilt even under the action of centrifugal force.
Since the postures of 3a and 13b need only be adjusted, they can be easily adjusted. And even when the turntable 15 rotates,
The stationary geometry is maintained and the magnetic heads 13a,
The contact between the magnetic card 13b and the magnetic card 1a is stably maintained, and good recording / reproducing characteristics are obtained.

Embodiment 40 FIG. A configuration in which the degree of contact between the card and the head is further improved will be described. FIG. 61 shows another embodiment of the head and card support mechanism of the present invention.
In the figure, 536a and 536b are leaf springs having the same shape. Reference numeral 537a denotes a magnetic head side spacer and reference numeral 537b denotes a fixed end side spacer which are arranged at regular intervals, and plate springs 536a and 536b are fixed on upper and lower surfaces. Magnetic heads 13a and 13b are coupled to the upper surface of the end of the leaf spring 536a on the side to which the magnetic head side spacer 537a is fixed. 538 fixes the lower surface of the end of the leaf spring 536b on the side to which the fixed end side spacer 537b is fixed, and allows the leaf springs 536a and 536b to be deformed up and down. Are spacers. As in the thirty-ninth embodiment, the sliding surfaces of the magnetic heads 13a and 13b with the magnetic card 1a including the gap portion have a spherical or convex curved shape. When a plurality of magnetic heads are mounted, the fixed end side spacer 53
Adjusting the position of the lower surface of the end of the leaf spring 536b on the side where 7b is fixed with the spacer 538 with a screw or the like is the same as in the thirty-ninth embodiment. However, since the magnetic heads 13a and 13b can move the leaf springs 536a and 536b up and down, the attitude adjustment of the head can be kept within a predetermined accuracy. That is, unlike the thirty-ninth embodiment, the vertices do not necessarily have to be on the same plane. 1) The gap portion of each magnetic head is at the vertices. 2) Furthermore, the center line of the scanning trajectory of each magnetic head is on the same circle. 3) The azimuth angle of each magnetic head can be adjusted equally.

On the other hand, 539 is a leaf spring 536a, 536b.
When the magnetic heads 13a, 13b are pressed against the magnetic card 1a with a predetermined pressing force, the pad is fixed to a pad frame 208 (not shown) by opposing and supporting the magnetic card 1a. ing. Embodiment 3
Similarly to 9, the magnetic card 1a and the support pad 539 are configured to be relatively stationary except when the magnetic card 1a is inserted and ejected. Note that, depending on the configuration, the same effect can be obtained even if the frame 208 also serves as the support pad 539. The rigidity of the support pad is as follows.
It is set much higher than the leaf springs 536a, 536b, etc., and the contact surface with the magnetic card 1a is
5 is substantially parallel to a plane substantially perpendicular to the rotation axis. In addition, since the rigidity of the support pad 539 is high, if dust or the like adheres to the magnetic card 1a, the shape is easily transferred to the card, causing poor contact between the magnetic heads 13a and 13b and the magnetic card 1a, and recording. Deterioration of reproduction characteristics. Therefore, as the material of the support pad 539, a conductive material that can prevent electrostatic attraction of dust or the like, or a material that has been subjected to treatment such as Teflon (Teflon is a registered trademark) coating that does not easily adhere is used.

Next, the operation will be described. The idea of the present embodiment is to use the surface of the support pad 539 as a reference surface to cause the magnetic heads 13a and 13b to locally align the magnetic card 1a with the support pad 539 by the spring force of the leaf springs 536a and 536b. In contrast to the first embodiment, the magnetic heads 13a and 13b follow the magnetic card 1a. The magnetic card 1a is a leaf spring 536a, 53
6b is pressed against the support pad 539 by the contact pressure received from the magnetic heads 13a and 13b,
It is sandwiched between the magnetic heads 13a and 13b and the support pad 539. The contact area with the magnetic card 1a where this pressure is generated is centered on the apex of the spherical or convex curved magnetic heads 13a and 13b. 2 by leaf springs 536a and 536b
The magnetic heads 13a, 13b
Is always displaced only in the direction perpendicular to the support pad 539 and operates so as not to incline. Therefore, in this contact area, errors in the height of the magnetic heads 13a and 13b are absorbed by the displacement of the leaf springs. Magnetic heads 13a and 13
The position of the vertex of b does not change.

As described above, the magnetic heads 13a and 13a
b are arranged on a plane perpendicular to the rotation axis of the turntable 15, and the gaps of the magnetic heads are located at the vertices.
The gap is always in contact with the magnetic card 1a if a pressure is applied to the magnetic card 1a along the support pad 539 because the magnetic card 1a is substantially parallel to a plane substantially perpendicular to the rotation axis of the magnetic card 1a. As described above, the two parallel leaf springs 5
36a, 536b, the magnetic heads 13a, 1
3b is constrained by displacement only in the direction perpendicular to the turntable 15, so that when a plurality of magnetic heads are used, even if each magnetic head has a slight height error, only the pressing force changes. Turntable 15, each magnetic head 1
In the case of 3a and 13b, if the geometric relationship of the support pad 539 is maintained, the gap portion of each magnetic head always contacts the magnetic card 1a, and good recording / reproducing characteristics are obtained. In addition, two parallel leaf springs 536 shown in the present embodiment.
If the magnetic heads 13a, 13b are hardly inclined even under the action of centrifugal force when the magnetic heads 13a, 13b are used, if the attitude of the magnetic heads 13a, 13b is adjusted while the turntable 15 is stationary, when the turntable 15 rotates. However, since the geometric arrangement in the stationary state is maintained, an effect equivalent to that of the thirty-ninth embodiment can be obtained.

Embodiment 41 FIG. Still another example of improving the contact degree between the card and the head will be described. FIG. 62 shows Embodiment 4
This shows another embodiment which replaces the two parallel two-spring springs. In the figure, reference numerals 536c and 536d denote gimbal springs which are widely used in floppy disk drives and the like. 537c is a magnetic head side spacer and 537d is a fixed end side spacer, both of which are fixed between the gimbal springs 536c and 536d, and by keeping these gimbal springs parallel, the magnetic head 13a,
13b is configured to be restricted by displacement only in a direction perpendicular to the turntable 15. Embodiment 2
In the above, a leaf spring having a cantilever structure is shown. However, such a gimbal structure provides an effect that the size can be relatively reduced even when the spring constant is low. Moreover, Embodiment 40
The same effect can be obtained.

Embodiment 42 FIG. Here, a device of the pad on the card holding mechanism side for improving the degree of contact between the head and the card will be described. FIGS. 63A and 63B show another embodiment relating to the method of supporting the pressure pad 207 of the thirty-ninth embodiment. In the figure, reference numeral 540 denotes a pad gimbal which holds the pressing pad 207 so that the pressing pad 207 has a rotational degree of freedom other than in the plane of the pressure pad 207 (a rotational degree of freedom around the longitudinal direction and the width direction of the magnetic card 1a). It is what was constituted. The pad gimbal 540 is connected to the pad frame 208 (not shown) via the pad spacer 541.
It is connected to the. In the card reader, it is necessary that the rotational scanning locus of the magnetic head coincides with the information track on the card. Therefore, after inserting the card, the magnetic card 1a
And the pressing pad 207 and the pad frame 208 are relatively stationary. For example, when the card is moved in the longitudinal direction to switch the recording track on the card surface, the pressing pad 207 and the pad frame also They need to move together. Gimbal for pad 5
40 needs to have high rigidity in the longitudinal direction and the width direction.
The pressure pad 207 is set to have much lower rigidity than a porous polymer material such as sponge or a fiber material such as fur felt, and is deformed so as to wrap the card around the top of the magnetic head. Contact. At this time, since the pressing force of the pressure pad 207 is determined by the distance between the pad frame and the magnetic head, if the translational rigidity of the pad gimbal 540 in the out-of-plane direction is low, the deformation by the pressure pad 207 is relatively large. As a result, the contact area between the magnetic head and the magnetic card becomes small, and it becomes difficult to maintain stable contact. Therefore, the translational rigidity of the pressure pad 207 in the out-of-plane direction needs to be set large.

FIGS. 63 (a) and 63 (b) show an embodiment of the pad gimbal 540. For the above reasons, the spring stiffness is reduced in the longitudinal and width directions and the rotational stiffness is reduced. The translational rigidity in the direction is higher than the thickness direction rigidity of the pressure pad, and the rigidity in other directions can be set higher. In the present embodiment, as described above, the pressing pad 207 is supported by the pad gimbal 540 so as to be rotatable only in the directions around the longitudinal direction and the width direction. Height adjustment errors between the fixed magnetic heads,
Even if there is an error in the perpendicularity between the pressure pad 207 and the rotation axis of the turntable, the pad gimbal 540 follows so that the pressure pad becomes an appropriate plane. There is an effect that a predetermined purpose can be achieved even if the adjustment accuracy of the device is poor.

Embodiment 43 FIG. Still another mechanism on the pad side will be described. FIG. 64 shows another embodiment relating to the method of supporting the pressure pad 207 of the thirty-ninth or forty-second embodiment. In the drawing, 542 is a pad gimbal 5
The pivot is disposed on the back surface of 40 (behind the fixing surface of the pressure pad). A similar effect can be obtained by the pivot 542 even if the translational rigidity in the out-of-plane direction is lower than that of the pad gimbal shown in the forty-second embodiment.

Embodiment 44 FIG. Still another mechanism on the pad side will be described. FIG. 65 shows another embodiment relating to the method of supporting the pressure pad 207 of the forty-second or forty-third embodiment. In the figure, reference numeral 540 denotes a pad gimbal, a frame mounting portion 506a and a pressure pad mounting portion 540b.
And the frame mounting portion 540a of the pad gimbal
Is fixed to the pad frame, and the pressure pad mounting portion 5
The pressure pad 207 is fixed to 40b. A hole is provided in the pressure pad mounting portion 540b so as to avoid the scanning area of the magnetic head, and the magnetic card may or may not be in contact with the pad gimbal 540. The 207 and the magnetic head sandwich the card so that the pad gimbal 540 does not intervene. The central axis of rotation of the pressure pad 207 around the longitudinal direction and the width direction is located substantially at the center of the pressure pad gimbal. Since the thickness of the magnetic card and the thickness of the pad gimbal 540 are generally very thin, the rotation center axis is substantially equal to the center of the card. When a plurality of magnetic heads are used, the pressure is adjusted so as to cancel a height adjustment error between the magnetic heads fixed to the turntable and a verticality error between the pressure pad 207 and the rotation axis of the turntable. The pad gimbal 540 is tilted at an angle so that the pad 207 has an appropriate plane. Due to the distance between the rotation center of the tilt and the magnetic card, a deviation occurs between the scanning track of the magnetic head and the information track on the card surface. In the forty-second or forty-third embodiments, when the thickness of the pressure pad is large, this shift amount may exceed the allowable limit. In the present embodiment, since the thickness of the magnetic card and the thickness of the pad gimbal 540 are generally very thin as compared with the thickness of the pad, this deviation can be minimized.

Embodiment 45 FIG. Next, a contact operation between the magnetic head and the magnetic card will be described. FIG. 66 is a diagram showing the shape of a magnetic head having a spherical or convex curved sliding surface, which is a so-called button type, according to the above embodiment.
In the figure, reference numeral 543 denotes a magnetic head and a gap 543.
a, a sliding surface 543b, and a tapered portion 543c.
The sliding surface 543b has a spherical or convex shape with the gap 543a at the top, and the tapered portion 543c has a shape of a part of a cone. The boundary between the sliding surface 543b and the tapered portion 543c is smoothly connected. The height H of the tapered portion 543c was set to be equal to or greater than the thickness of the magnetic card. The height H varies depending on the flatness of the magnetic card, the method of the card guide mechanism, and the like. FIG. 67 (a),
(B), (c), and (d) are diagrams illustrating the operation of inserting a magnetic card according to the present embodiment when the magnetic head 543 is used. Hereinafter, this operation will be described. First, when inserting a magnetic card, the magnetic head 543 and the pressure pad 207 are in contact with or separated from each other and are stationary. In the present embodiment, a description will be given of a contact state in which the magnetic card 1a is difficult to be inserted. Figure 67
In (a), the magnetic card 1a is inserted manually or by a feed mechanism in the direction of arrow A. At this time, the magnetic card 1
The end of “a” contacts the tapered portion 543 c of the magnetic head 543. Further, when the magnetic card 1a is inserted, the magnetic card 1a is guided to the sliding surface 543b along the slope of the tapered portion 543c and comes into contact with the pressure pad 207 (FIG. 67 (b)). Further, when the magnetic card 1a is inserted,
The magnetic card 1a has a sliding surface 543b or a taper portion 543c.
And enters the wedge-shaped gap between the pressure pad 207 and pushes up the pressure pad 207 to be inserted between the pressure pad 207 and the sliding surface 543b of the magnetic head (FIG. 6).
7 (c)). Eventually, the magnetic card 1a is positioned, comes into contact with almost the entire surface of the sliding surface 543b of the magnetic head to enable recording and reproduction, and the insertion operation of the magnetic card 1a is completed (FIG. 67 (d)). ).

In the present invention, since the magnetic head 543 is provided with the tapered portion 543c, the magnetic card 1a can be smoothly inserted without requiring a special mechanism. Can be. If the pressure pad 207 is in contact with the magnetic head 543, a turntable (not shown) is rotated before inserting the magnetic card 1a to remove dust and dirt attached to the magnetic head 543. It can be removed with a pressure pad. In this embodiment, the method in which the magnetic head 543 is fixed on the turntable has been described. With this arrangement, when the magnetic card 1a is inserted, the deformation of the pressure pad replaces the deformation of the spring, and a similar effect can be obtained.

Embodiment 46 FIG. Next, a mechanism for removing dust and dirt attached to the magnetic card of the present invention will be described. FIG.
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a dust remover according to the present invention. In the drawing, reference numeral 544a denotes a dust remover, a notch 544a, a sliding surface 544b, and a taper 54.
4c. The sliding surface 544b is provided with the notch 54
It has a spherical or convex curved surface shape with the vertex 4a as the apex, and the tapered portion 544c has a partial cone shape. The boundary between the sliding surface 544b and the tapered portion 544c is smoothly connected. That is, it is desirable that the shape of the dust remover be substantially the same as the shape of the magnetic head shown in FIG. Further, by setting the height H of the tapered portion 544c to be equal to or greater than the thickness of the card, the structure is such that the magnetic card can be inserted smoothly. These are made of an alumina-based, titania-based, zirconia-based ceramic material having excellent wear resistance and high rigidity and high toughness.

FIGS. 69A and 69B show examples of the shape of the cutout portion 544a of the dust remover. FIG. 69A shows a structure in which the cutout portion 544a has a substantially triangular shape, and FIG. 69B shows a structure in which the cutout portion 544a has a substantially circular shape. The effect is the same in both shapes, but the angle T with the sliding surface shown in FIGS. 69 (a) and (b) needs to be 90 ° or less. FIG.
0 sets the dust remover 544 to the turntable 15
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an embodiment mounted on a vehicle. The figure shows a configuration similar to that of the first embodiment, except that a dust remover 5 is newly added.
44 is fixed to the dust remover adjustment holder 545,
It is mounted on the turntable 15. The dust adjuster holder 545 allows the following adjustments to be made within a predetermined accuracy, similarly to the magnetic heads 13a and 13b. 1) The dust remover 544 is disposed on a plane that passes through the vertices of the magnetic heads 13a and 13b and is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the turntable 15. 2) Notch 544a of dust remover 544
Is at the top. 3) Notch 5 on the center line of the scanning trajectory of each magnetic head
There is a center of 44a.

Next, the operation will be described. FIG.
It is a figure explaining operation which removes dust and dirt of dust remover 544. In the figure, reference numeral 546 denotes contaminants such as dust and dirt attached to the magnetic card. The dust remover 544 mounted on the turntable moves in the direction of arrow B as the turntable rotates. At this time, the notch 544a scrapes off the contaminant 546 and accumulates in the notch 544a. Since the dust remover according to the present invention is configured as described above, it is possible to reliably remove contaminants attached to the card. Even if the card scanned by the magnetic head contains a contaminant and an information reading error occurs, the next time the dust remover traces the scanning trajectory, the contaminant is removed and the information returns to a normal state if the information is read again. be able to. In addition, in the case of a card reader using two magnetic heads, three vertices are formed by mounting a dust remover, and the card can be kept flat to enable stable recording and reproduction of information.

Embodiment 47 FIG. FIG. 72 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the method for supporting a dust remover according to the present invention. Reference numeral 513 denotes a dust remover supporting spring having the same shape and characteristics as the long arm spring 30 supporting the magnetic heads 13a and 13b. The effect of removing contaminants by the notch of the dust remover 544 is the same in the method of supporting the magnetic head with a spring.
Further, by setting the pressing force of the dust remover supporting spring 547 to be larger than the pressing force of the long arm spring 30 supporting the magnetic heads 13a and 13b, a more contaminant removing effect can be exhibited. In the present embodiment,
Although the example in which the long arm springs 30a and 30b are used for the support mechanism of the magnetic heads 13a and 13b and the dust remover 544 has been described, the same effect can be obtained by the support method using the two parallel springs described in the second embodiment. Needless to say.

Embodiment 48 FIG. Next, another embodiment relating to a method of disposing a dust remover will be described. Figure 73
(A), (b), (c) is a figure which shows the other embodiment of the arrangement method of a dust remover. FIG. 73A shows the arrangement already described. On the other hand, FIG. 73 (b)
Immediately before each of the magnetic heads 13a and 13b, a pair of dust removers 544 are arranged. It is clear that such an arrangement can exert a further effect of removing contaminants. FIG. 73 (c) shows the magnetic head 1
Since the dust removers 3a and 13b and the dust remover 544 are arranged at equal intervals, an effect of avoiding contact of the card with the turntable can be obtained in addition to an effect of removing contaminants.

Embodiment 49 FIG. In this embodiment, a detailed description will be given of a magnetic head in which the degree of contact of a magnetic card reader with a magnetic card is improved, and a detailed mechanism of a gimbal spring supporting the magnetic head. In FIG. 1, it has been described that the magnetic heads 13 a and 13 b on the turntable 15 are mounted on the gimbal spring 19. In this method, the magnetic head 1
3a and 13b are lightweight, and the gimbal spring 19
Has a degree of freedom only in the vertical direction.
The centrifugal force generated with the rotation of the magnetic head 13
It is necessary to overcome the moment of tilting the magnetic heads 13a and 13b outward and rotate the magnetic heads 13a and 13b in the correct posture. When the turntable 15 is rotated at a low speed and the recording track density is low, it does not cause much problem. Indicates that when the recording track density is greatly increased due to the storage capacity, the inclination of the magnetic heads 13a and 13b deviates from the track,
This may affect the poor contact between the magnetic heads 13a and 13b and the magnetic card 1a. Therefore, embodiments will be described in detail for solving these problems. FIG. 74 is a perspective view of a magnetic head mounting portion of the present invention.
FIG. 75 is a sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. The magnetic heads 13a and 13b are mounted on a gimbal spring 19,
The gimbal spring 19 is adhered to the turntable 15. The magnetic heads 13a and 13b are set at a height slightly protruding from the upper surface of the turntable 15. Also, the center of gravity 548 of the magnetic heads 13a and 13b
a, 548b are located at a distance H1 from the gimbal spring 19 (the center of gravity 548b is not shown). Reference numeral 549 denotes a balancer attached to the lower surface of the gimbal spring 19, and the center of gravity 550 is a distance H from the gimbal spring 19.
It is in position 2.

When recording / reproducing information on / from the magnetic card 1a using this apparatus, the turntable 15
2, the magnetic card 1a and the magnetic heads 13a,
13b slides. At this time, the magnetic heads 13a, 13b
Centrifugal force F1 acts on the center of gravity 548a, 548b of
The magnetic heads 13a and 13b tend to tilt toward the outer periphery of the turntable 15. Size M1 of the moment to be this incline is, M1 = F1 × H1 = m1 × r1 × ω1 2 × H1 (16) m1: Magnetic heads 13a, mass 13b r1: magnetic head 13a, 13b the rotation radius of the .omega.1: At the same time, the centrifugal force F is also applied to the center of gravity 550 of the balancer 549.
2 works, and the balancer 549 also tends to incline toward the outer periphery of the turntable 15. Size M2 of the moment to be this incline is, M2 = F2 × H2 = m2 × r2 × ω2 2 × H2 (17) m2: mass of the balancer 549 r2: the rotation of the balancer 549 radius .omega.2: angular speed of the balancer 549 here If the magnitudes M1 and M2 of these two moments are equal, they are canceled out and the magnetic heads 13a and 13b do not tilt. If the rotational radii r1 and r2 are made equal, the angular velocities ω1 and ω2 are equal in the above equations (16) and (17). Therefore, in order to obtain M1 = M2, m1 × H1 = M2 × H2 (18).

Embodiment 50 FIG. Another embodiment for improving the dynamic contact level will be described. FIG. 76 (a),
(B) is a sectional view of another embodiment around the magnetic head of the present invention. In FIG. 75, the gimbal spring 19 is horizontally adhered to the upper surface of the turntable 15,
In the present embodiment, it is bonded to the rotating shaft 16 at an angle. Center of gravity 548a, 548 of magnetic heads 13a, 13b
The distance b from the gimbal spring 19 is H1 as in the forty-ninth embodiment. When the turntable 15 rotates, a centrifugal force acts on the magnetic heads 13a and 13b as in FIG.
5, a moment M1 for tilting toward the outer peripheral side is generated. The magnitude of M1 is represented by equation (16). In general, the magnitude of the moment M externally applied to the gimbal spring and the magnitude θ of the inclination angle of the gimbal spring are in a proportional relationship in a range where the inclination angle is small. θ = M / k (20) The proportional constant k is a value determined by the shape and material of the gimbal spring. Assuming that the proportional constant of the gimbal spring 19 is k1, the inclination angle θ1 of the gimbal spring 19 when the moment M1 is applied is as follows: θ1 = M1 / k1 (21) That is, the gimbal spring 19 is connected to the turntable 1
If the magnetic head 13a, the magnetic head 13a,
When a centrifugal force acts on the magnetic heads 13a, 13b,
b, as shown in FIG. 76 (b), is in an upright state, and is in good contact with the magnetic card 1a.

Embodiment 51 FIG. Still another example for improving the dynamic contact level will be described. FIG. 77 (a), (b)
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view around the magnetic head of the present embodiment. 74 and 75, the upper surfaces of the magnetic heads 13a and 13b are parallel to the plane of the gimbal spring 19, but FIG.
In FIG. 7A, it is inclined toward the rotation shaft 16. Magnetic head 1
The distance from the gimbal spring 19 to the center of gravity 548a, 548b of 3a, 13b is H1, as in the first embodiment.
Here, when the turntable 15 rotates, a centrifugal force acts on the magnetic heads 13a and 13b as in FIG. The magnitude of M1 is represented by equation (16). As in Embodiment 50, assuming that the proportional constant of the gimbal spring 19 is k1, the inclination angle θ1 of the gimbal spring 19 when the moment M1 is applied is as follows: θ1 = M1 / k1 (22) That is, if the upper surfaces of the magnetic heads 13a and 13b are inclined by θ1 toward the rotation shaft 16, the turntable 1
When the magnetic head 5 rotates and centrifugal force acts on the magnetic heads 13a and 13b, the upper surfaces of the magnetic heads 13a and 13b
As shown in (b), the magnetic card 1a is directly opposed to the magnetic card 1a, and the magnetic card 1a is in a good contact state.

Embodiment 52 FIG. Using commercial telephone cards, orange cards, and exchangeable rectangular magnetic cards that are the size of a commuter pass and have no holes, etc., explain the tracks used for high-density recording and reproduction with a head that rotates within the same card radius as above. I do. In order to put such a card into practical use, it is necessary to further solve the following problems. (A) If there is no gap between the left and right symmetric innermost tracks of the magnetic card or the optical card, the recording area overlaps due to the positioning error of the card related to the mechanical accuracy of the card holding mechanism, and a leakage signal is generated from the opposite recording track. In some cases, crosstalk occurs between the picked-up adjacent tracks, and a normal recording / reproducing operation cannot be performed. (B) When the magnetic card or the optical card is reversely inserted into the card reader, the card reader detects that the insertion is not normal,
Since the card was automatically ejected from the card reader, the card had to be manually inserted again by a human hand.

In this embodiment, a description will be given using a magnetic card and a magnetic head. However, the present invention is also applicable to a case where these are replaced with an optical card and an optical head. FIG. 78A shows a head assembly mechanism 280 on which the magnetic heads 13a and 13b are mounted.
Are relatively moved at equal pitches (the length P corresponds to the track pitch) to the lateral center line XY of the magnetic card 1a, and a plurality of recording tracks 63 having a radius R are formed. Is shown. In this figure, a gap l _{0 at} the nearest position between one innermost track 63c and the other innermost track 63d is set by Expression (23), where recording angle α and total number of tracks N are set. Note that O
₁ and O ₂ are the front track 63e and the rear track 63f.
, And A, B, and C indicate an unreproducible area and an unused area that intersect with the circles of the other recording tracks described in the tenth embodiment (FIG. 78).
(The descriptions in (b) and (c) are the same.) O ₁ ,
Assuming that the distance between O ₂ is 1, l = (N / 2-1) P, and l ₀ = 2RCOSα− (N / 2-1) P (23) Extreme when l ₀ is smaller than track pitch P As a simple example, the recording track when l ₀ = 0 is shown in FIG.
(B). In this figure, the recording start end and the end of the innermost track 63c surrounded by a dotted circle are shown in FIG.
Due to the mechanical accuracy of the transport mechanism 186 shown in FIG. 7, the recorded signal overlaps the recording end and start ends of the other innermost track 63d, and the recorded signal is reproduced or the magnetic card 1a is reinserted. If a signal is recorded again later, normal recording and reproduction becomes impossible.

Further, even if the recording start and end portions of the opposed innermost tracks 63c and 63d do not overlap with each other, the recording track in the case where the nearest distance l ₀ is shorter than the track pitch P is illustrated. This is shown at 78 (c). In this drawing, at the recording start and end portions of the innermost tracks 63c and 63d which are surrounded by dotted circles, crosstalk occurs between adjacent tracks that picks up a signal from the opposed recording track due to magnetic interference. It is difficult to obtain a normal reproduction signal. In the present invention, the gap l ₀ between adjacent positions of the innermost tracks 63c and 63d shown in Expression (23) is defined as
By setting the track pitch or more, the equation (24)
By setting the recording angle α that maximizes the total track extension M described in the tenth embodiment, a recording track format of a magnetic card that enables a stable recording and reproducing operation with maximum efficiency can be realized. .

Embodiment 53 FIG. The effective use outside the data recording area of the card will be described. In the present embodiment, a description will be given using a magnetic card and a magnetic head. Fig. 79
Are the same as the magnetic card 1a described in the fifty-second embodiment, except that the foremost track 63e and the innermost track 63f
Shows a recording track using a part of A and B which are non-reproducible areas intersecting the circles of the other recording tracks. In this Figure, l ₁ denotes a nearest neighbor distance of the recording beginning and end of the frontmost track 63e and an innermost track 63f, likewise above the track pitch P length and l ₀ according to Embodiment 52 of the embodiment And From the centers O ₁ and O _{2 of} the circles forming the foremost track 63 e and the innermost track 63 f, m ₀ and n ₀ which are points of the B area on each circle which becomes l ₁ and the B area an arc between m ₁ and n ₁ is an intersection of the dotted line shows the equivalent point m ₂ and n ₂ in the region of the a, points m ₃ and n
Track address on the recording track of the arc between ₃ and
Alternatively, the foremost track 63e or the innermost track 63
An address mark indicating f is recorded. Note that, as described in Embodiment 10, the regions A and B are
Since the frequency of occurrence of stains or scratches on the hands is high, data in which reproduction errors are unlikely to occur (for example,
'00' or 'AA' or 'FF' in MFM recording
Etc.) are recorded.

Next, the operation of the card reader 160 will be described. FIG. 80A shows that the magnetic card 1a is inserted into the card reader 160 and the head assembly mechanism 28
0, the magnetic head 13 shown in FIG.
It is a flowchart which shows the sequence until a and 13b position to the front track 63e. Here, the address marks of the foremost track 63e and the innermost track 63f are respectively set to '00' and 'AA'. The magnetic card 1a is inserted as described in the eighteenth, nineteenth, and twentieth embodiments, and a card rear guide 19 for detecting that the magnetic card 1a has reached a predetermined position of a transport mechanism 186 serving as a card holding mechanism.
The turntable 15 is rotated in response to a signal from the optical sensor 192 attached to the end of the zero. Next, the address mark is read by the magnetic head 13a or 13b. At this time, it is a position signal for detecting the card direction.
When the AA 'pattern is detected, the magnetic head 13a
Or, since 13b is in the innermost track 63f, the head assembly mechanism 280 is moved to the foremost track 63e. When the '00' pattern, which is a correct position signal, is detected, the head assembly mechanism 280 is positioned as it is, and waits for a command signal of an external controller (not shown) as a READY state.

As described in the twenty-eighth embodiment, it is possible to detect the track address on the recording track 63 and the address information of the outermost track (the foremost track 63e or the innermost track 63f). FIG. 80 (b)
The flowchart of the sequence after the detection is shown in FIG. In the above description, the head assembly mechanism 280 has been described as moving relative to the magnetic card 1a in the transport mechanism section 186, which is a card holding mechanism. There is no problem even if the mechanism section 186 moves relative to the head assembly mechanism 280. Also, as described in the twenty-eighth embodiment, in the track search operation, the absolute track address in the magnetic card 1a is converted into a track address that is reversed in response to a track address instruction from an external controller (not shown). By having information or processing means to
0 (a) or (b), data can be recorded / reproduced without moving the head assembly mechanism 280 or the transport mechanism section 186 which is a card holding mechanism to the frontmost track 63e or the innermost track 63f. . Figure 80
(C) or (d) shows a flowchart of the above sequence.

When loading and unloading the magnetic card 1a, the head assembly mechanism 280 or the transport mechanism 1
86 indicates that the magnetic head 13a or 13b is a magnetic card 1a
It is described that immediately after the card is inserted, it is positioned on the frontmost track 63e near the card insertion slot 170 to be in the READY state. However, it is positioned on the innermost track 63f far from the card insertion slot 170 to be in the READY state. It holds. At this time, the determination processing of the detection of the 'AA' pattern and the detection of the front track 63e in FIGS. 80A to 80D are replaced with the detection of the '00' pattern and the detection of the innermost track 63f, respectively. The card reader of the present invention, in the track format, the gap between the innermost track of the magnetic card or optical recording and reproduction card,
Since the distance is equal to or more than the track pitch, the mechanical accuracy of the magnetic card or the optical recording / reproducing card holding mechanism can be reduced. Also, good recording and reproduction can be performed without being affected by crosstalk between adjacent tracks that picks up a signal from the innermost track opposed to the above. Further, in the track format, the recording / reproducing track area of both the front track and the innermost track of the magnetic card or the optical recording / reproducing card, or one of the tracks, is set wider than the other tracks, and the track address or the front track is set. Alternatively, since an address mark indicating the innermost track is recorded, even if a magnetic card or an optical recording / reproducing card is reversely inserted, the card reader can detect it and perform recording / reproducing, and can correctly insert the card again. You do not need to do this.

Embodiment 54 FIG. Reduce access time,
At the same time, a mechanism in which a plurality of heads are provided on the same track to improve reliability will be described. Conventionally, when the recording area on the card is limited, there has been no method that takes the above into consideration. In the present embodiment, a description will be given using a magnetic card and a magnetic head. FIG. 81A is a layout diagram of the recording tracks 63 on the magnetic card 1a. FIG.
1 (b) shows the magnetic head 13 on the turntable 15.
It is a layout drawing of 13a and 13b. 551 is a magnetic head 13
a and 13b. FIGS. 81 (a) and (b) show that when arranging the arc-shaped recording track 63 on the magnetic card 1a, the two tracks 2
One recording track 63 is symmetrically arranged. Also, 2
The magnetic head 1 corresponds to one recording track 63.
3a and 13b are also arranged symmetrically. At this time, the same data can be recorded on the two recording tracks 63 on the track 551 by supplying a recording current having the same waveform to the magnetic heads 13a and 13b at the same time. As described above, all data recorded on the magnetic card 1a by recording are recorded in two places. Therefore, even if a part of the magnetic card 1a becomes unreadable, data recorded in another part can be read, so that the reliability of the magnetic card is improved. When data is recorded, the data is simultaneously recorded on the two recording tracks 63, so that the response time during recording does not increase.
Since two recording tracks 63 are recorded with one recording current waveform, the operation at the time of recording is simple.

Embodiment 55 FIG. In the above embodiment, 2
An example is shown in which the two heads face each other at an angle of 180 degrees and perform recording and reproduction symmetrically with respect to the center of the circle. In the present embodiment, an example in which this angle is set to 90 degrees or less will be described. The fifty-fifth embodiment will be described using a magnetic card and a magnetic head. FIG. 82 (a) is a layout diagram of the recording tracks 63 on the magnetic card 1a.
(C) shows the magnetic heads 13a on the turntable 15,
FIG. 82 (d) is an explanatory diagram of a period in which the magnetic heads 13a and 13b record data. Reference numeral 551 denotes a track of the magnetic heads 13a and 13b. Reference numeral 552a denotes an area where the magnetic head 13a records. 552b is the magnetic head 1
3b indicates an area to be recorded. 553 is a magnetic head 13a
Indicates a period during which the optical disk moves on the recording track 63. Reference numeral 554 denotes an area where the magnetic heads 13a and 13b record data. Reference numeral 555 denotes an area where the magnetic heads 13a and 13b move without recording. 2α is the angle occupied by the recording track 63. β is the angle between the magnetic heads 13a and 13b.

FIG. 83 is a diagram showing the arrangement of the magnetic heads 13a, 13b, 13c, and 13d on the turntable 15 when the arrangement of the recording tracks 63 is the same as that in the fifty-fourth embodiment.
Reference numeral 552c denotes an area where the magnetic head 13c records. 5
52d indicates an area where the magnetic head 13d records. FIG.
2 (a) shows an arc-shaped recording track 6 on a magnetic card.
3 when the magnetic heads 13a and 13b
Two recording tracks 63 are not arranged on 51. With such an arrangement, data cannot be simultaneously recorded in two areas with the arrangement of the magnetic heads 13a and 13b as in the fifty-fourth embodiment. Then, FIG. 82 (b),
As shown in (c), the magnetic heads 13a and 13b are arranged. In the figure, 2α is the angle occupied by the recording track 63. Although there are two intervals between the magnetic heads 13a and 13b,
Let β be the angle occupied by one of them. At this time,
Β is determined so that 2α = (β · 2) · k. Here, k is an integer. FIG. 82 (b) shows an arrangement where k = 1, and FIG. 82 (c) shows an arrangement where k = 2. The moving directions of the magnetic heads 13a and 13b used in the description are shown in the figure. FIG.
2 (d) shows a period in which data is recorded when the arrangement is k = 2.

In the arrangement of k = 1 in FIG. 82 (b), recording starts when the magnetic head 13a arrives at the recording track 63. At this time, the magnetic head 13b is located in the middle of the recording track 63. Recording is possible until the magnetic head 13a reaches the middle of the recording track 63. When the magnetic head 13a reaches the middle of the recording track 63,
The magnetic head 13b reaches the end point of the recording track 63. As shown in FIG. 82B, the first half of the recording track becomes the recording area 552a of the magnetic head 13a, and the second half becomes the recording area 552b of the magnetic head 13b. FIG.
In the arrangement of k = 2 in (c), the recording area 552a of the magnetic head 13a is divided into two. When the magnetic head 13a arrives at the recording track 63, the magnetic head 13b is located at a quarter point of the recording track 63. Recording is started from this point, and stops when the magnetic head 13a reaches a quarter point of the recording track 63. next,
Recording starts when the magnetic head 13a reaches the middle of the recording track 63, and stops recording when the magnetic head 13a reaches a point of three quarters of the recording track 63. At this time, the magnetic head 13
b is recorded from the three-quarters point of the recording track 63 to the end point. FIG. 82 shows this operation on the time axis.
It is a figure of (d). When the magnetic head 13a has the recording track 6
3 is recorded in two periods 554 that are obtained by dividing the period into 553, and the remaining two periods 55 are recorded.
5 does not record.

Further, it is clear that the method described above can be applied to a magnetic card or an optical card having a recording track of the method of the fifty-fourth embodiment. The same number of magnetic heads are arranged for each of the two recording tracks 63 as in the fifty-fifth embodiment. What is necessary is just to arrange in a symmetrical position. FIG. 83 shows a case where two magnetic heads 13 are arranged on each recording track 63. The magnetic head 1 is placed on one recording track 63.
3a and 13b are arranged, and the magnetic heads 13c and 13d are arranged on the other recording track 63. Magnetic head 13
The magnetic head 13c is arranged at a symmetric position of a, and the magnetic head 13d is arranged at a symmetric position of the magnetic head 13b. Recording starts when the magnetic heads 13a and 13c reach the recording track 63, and ends when the magnetic heads 13b and 13d reach the end point of the recording track 63. Thereby, the same data can be simultaneously recorded in each of the recording areas obtained by dividing the two recording tracks 63 into four. This also has the effect of shortening the access time for recording and reproduction. It is clear that the method described above can be applied to a case where there are three or more magnetic heads. In order to arrange N magnetic heads, the magnetic heads may be arranged so that 2α = (β · N) · k. Here, k is an integer.

Embodiment 56 FIG. A cleaning card for cleaning a magnetic head of a magnetic card reader will be described. In the thirty-ninth embodiment, the conventional cleaning tape or cleaning sheet was touched. In the conventional apparatus, since the magnetic recording medium is protected by the cassette, the contamination of the magnetic head is mainly caused by the attachment of the filler contained in the recording medium. Therefore, the head cleaner of these apparatuses can easily identify contaminants adhering to the magnetic head, and the head is cleaned with one type of abrasive corresponding to these. In other words, the abrasive has a very small particle size that can be used for finishing the magnetic head during processing. However, the idea of these tapes or sheets cannot be directly used for a magnetic card. There is the problem described in the thirty-ninth embodiment. First,
The structure of the head cleaning card of the present invention, particularly, the structure of the cleaning portion of the magnetic head will be described. Fig. 84
(A) is a sketch of an embodiment of a head cleaning card. The base film 556 is made of, for example, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or the like, and has substantially the same outer shape as a card reader in width, length, thickness, and the like. 557a and 557b are abrasives applied on the base film 556. 557a is an abrasive for precision finishing having a particle size of 1 micron or less, and 557b is an abrasive for medium finishing of 1 micron or more. The abrasive material of these abrasives is any one or a mixture of alumina, chromium oxide, cerium oxide, silicon carbide, boron carbide, boron nitride, iron oxide, diamond and the like. The abrasive is a mixture of these abrasive grains applied to a sheet and an adhesive to prevent peeling.

Next, the operation will be described. Insert the head cleaning card into the card reader in the direction of arrow A. In the figure, reference numeral 558a denotes a scanning locus of the magnetic head (not shown) immediately after the head cleaning card is inserted,
Reference numeral 558b denotes a scanning locus of the magnetic head when the head cleaning card is inserted at the innermost position of the card reader.
After the head cleaning card is inserted, the polishing agent 557a having a smaller particle size and the polishing agent 557b having a larger particle size are contacted in this order, and the order of polishing is reversed. Therefore, the card is moved at a high speed and the magnetic head reaches a position where the magnetic head traces the locus of 558b. At this time, the magnetic head may or may not actually perform rotary scanning. Next, the magnetic head moves the head cleaning card in the direction of arrow B from the locus 558b to the locus 558a in order starting from the rotational scan. At this time, the magnetic head slides and removes contaminants attached to the magnetic head. In the present embodiment, the abrasive 55
When the magnetic head slidably contacts the magnetic head 7b, the polishing agent 55 has an effect of scraping off a relatively large volume of contaminants such as fingerprints and other solidified fats and oils and a finishing effect.
When 7a comes into sliding contact, an effect of scraping off deposits by a mechanochemical reaction from a magnetic card or the like is provided. Thereby, compared with the case where only the abrasive 557a is used,
The polishing agent 557a can be prevented from being clogged, and the magnetic head can be effectively cleaned.

Embodiment 57 FIG. Another example of the cleaning card will be described. In FIG. 84 (b), the abrasive 557
The length L of a is determined by the scanning locus 558a or 558 of the magnetic head.
b was set to be larger than the diameter D. This has the effect of preventing the magnetic head from coming into contact with the abrasive 557b and roughening the surface of the magnetic head at the final stage of finishing with the abrasive 557a. In addition, the abrasive 557b has a large abrasive grain size, so that the magnetic head is easily shaved. If the relative speed of the head cleaning card is constant, the abrasive 55
By increasing the length L of 7a, the polishing time of the polishing agent 557b can be controlled, and an optimum head cleaning effect can be obtained.

Embodiment 58 FIG. FIG. 84 (c) shows still another embodiment, which is shown in Embodiments 56 to 57.
A non-woven fabric 559, which is a kind of dust removing cleaner having a substantially L-shape, is disposed in the shape indicated by. The nonwoven fabric 559 has an effect of catching contaminants and abrasive grains generated when the contaminants are removed by the abrasives 557a and 557b. Further, a final finishing effect can be obtained on the scanning locus 558a of the magnetic head. Further, in the embodiments described above, the abrasive is of a dry type, but the wet type can be made possible by wetting water or the like on the nonwoven fabric. Furthermore, a further cleaning effect can be obtained by wetting an organic solvent such as alcohol, benzene or acetone on the nonwoven fabric. Of course, a dust removal cleaner that is not a nonwoven fabric may be attached.

Embodiment 59 FIG. A cleaning card in consideration of the card transport roller on the card holding mechanism will be described. FIG. 85A is a sketch of the card according to the present embodiment. In the figure, a drive roller contact portion 560 is added to the configurations of the embodiments 56 to 58. The drive roller contact portion 560 is provided at a constant width along two sides parallel to the longitudinal direction of the head cleaning card, and the interval is set to be larger than the diameter D of the scanning locus 558b of the magnetic head. The thickness of the abrasive 557a, 55
It was configured to be several tens to several hundred microns higher than the surface composed of 7b and the nonwoven fabric 559. The driving roller contact portion 560 is made of a synthetic rubber typified by neoprene rubber or a polymer resin such as urethane. Fig. 86
(A) and FIG. 86 (b) are diagrams for explaining the operation of the present embodiment. FIG. 86A shows an example of a card transport mechanism of a card reader. When the head cleaning card is inserted into the card reader, the head cleaning card is sandwiched between the driving roller 184 and the holding roller 185, and the head cleaning card can be transported in the direction of arrow A or B with the rotation of the driving roller 184. ing. The drive roller contact portion 560 attached to the head cleaning card is configured to be inserted so as to be in contact with the drive roller 184.

Next, the operation will be described. Fig. 86
FIG. 4B is a front view illustrating a state in which the head cleaning card of the present embodiment is held between the driving roller 184 and the holding roller 185. In the figure, 561
Are dust and abrasive powder generated during cleaning of the magnetic head. As shown in the figure, since the thickness of the drive roller contact portion 560 is large, the abrasives 557a, 557
b and dust generated during head cleaning or abrasive powder 56
1 and the drive roller 184 do not contact each other. For this reason, the driving rollers 184 are polished by the abrasives 557a and 557b to damage the shape, and the friction coefficient greatly changes from a predetermined design value. The risk of worsening is greatly reduced. Furthermore, the danger that dust and abrasive powder 561 adhere to the drive roller 184 and are transferred to the magnetic card again can be prevented. Also, since the portions of the abrasives 557a, 557b, etc., which come into direct contact with the magnetic head by the drive roller contact portion 560, become concave portions, when the head cleaning card is stored or transported outside the card reader, it becomes a contaminant in daily life. Can reduce the chance of contact.

Embodiment 60 FIG. FIG. 85B shows another embodiment of the cleaning card.
60 is formed in a U-shape, and a non-woven fabric is used as the material. At this time, the width and the thickness of the cut-out portion of the drive roller contact portion 560 were set substantially the same as in the fifty-ninth embodiment. At this time, the drive roller contact portion 560 may be wetted with a solvent equivalent to that in the third embodiment. With such a configuration, the front surface of the drive roller 184 comes into contact with the drive roller contact portion 560, so that dust and the like attached to the drive roller 184 can be removed. FIG. 85
(C) is an example of a cleaning card having another similar purpose. The thickness is the same as that of the fifty-ninth embodiment.

Embodiment 61 FIG. In another embodiment of the cleaning card, the same effect can be obtained by forming the drive roller contact portion 560 in a square shape. The cleaning card according to each of the above-described embodiments can reliably remove all contaminants in daily life such as dust and fingerprints and oils and fats in the air that adhere to the magnetic head. This has the effect of preventing deterioration. Also, when cleaning the magnetic head,
This has the effect of preventing problems such as shortening the life of the magnetic head by careless polishing.

Embodiment 62 FIG. In the present embodiment, the driving roller 184 and the holding roller 1 described in the twentieth embodiment are used.
A configuration that replaces the transport mechanism unit 186 including the configuration 85 will be described. In the card reader 160 shown in FIG.
And the drive roller 184, the depth of the card reader 160 becomes longer. Further, since a coil spring for pressing the holding roller 185 against the driving roller 184 is provided,
That space is needed. In the present embodiment, the transport mechanism is designed to reduce the size of the apparatus, reduce the insertion force when inserting the card, and apply a sufficient pressing force to transport the card. FIG. 87 is a perspective view of another card transport mechanism of the present invention, and FIGS. 88 (a) to (c) are cross-sectional views of main parts of FIG. In the figure, reference numerals 562 denote pressure springs on both sides of the insertion portion, which are supported by pins 563 fixed to the carriage base 189 so as to be rotatable in the directions of arrows AB. The front end 562a of the pressure spring 562 is
It is curled in an arc shape and faces the drive roller 184.
The opposite rear end 562b is bent and sinks into a hole 564 provided in the carriage base 189. Normally, as shown in FIG. 88 (a), the pressure spring 562 rotates in the direction of arrow B due to the balance of weight, and the rear end 562b is in contact with the side of the hole 564. The roller 184 is not in contact or has a slight load even if it is in contact.

Here, the magnetic card 1a is inserted.
As shown in (b), the tip is the rear end 562 of the pressure spring 562.
When it comes into contact with b, the pressure spring 562 rotates in the direction of arrow A. 88C, the front end 562a is strongly pressed toward the drive roller 184, and the magnetic card 1a is sufficiently conveyed without slipping against the drive roller 184. Generates frictional force. At this time, when a sensor (not shown) detects that the magnetic card 1a has been sufficiently inserted, the drive roller 184 starts rotating in the direction of arrow C, and conveys the magnetic card 1a in the direction of arrow D, that is, into the apparatus. In addition to being compact, the card is inserted smoothly without being pressed during insertion.

Embodiment 63 FIG. FIG. 89 (a), (b),
(C) is a sectional view of still another embodiment of the transport mechanism of the present invention. In FIG. 87, the front end 6 of the pressing spring 562
Although 2a is curled, in this embodiment, the vicinity of the front end is bent downward, and the pressure roller 566 is rotatably supported by the pin 565. For other configurations, see FIG.
The pressure roller 566 and the drive roller 184 are not in contact with each other or have a slight load even if they are in contact with each other. Here, the magnetic card 1a is inserted.
As shown in (b), the tip is the rear end 562b of the pressure spring 562.
, The pressure spring 562 rotates in the direction of arrow A. Further, when it is inserted into the state as shown in FIG. 89C, the pressure roller 566 is strongly pressed against the drive roller 184 side, and the magnetic card 1a is sufficiently conveyed without slipping against the drive roller 184. Generates a high frictional force. At this time,
When a sensor (not shown) detects that the magnetic card 1a has been sufficiently inserted, the drive roller 184 starts rotating in the direction of arrow C, and conveys the magnetic card 1a in the direction of arrow D, that is, into the apparatus. At this time, the pressure roller 566 also rotates in the direction of arrow E. In this embodiment, when the magnetic card 1a moves, the pressing roller 566 rotates simultaneously, so that the load for transporting the magnetic card 1a is reduced. Therefore, there is an effect that the power of the driving motor can be reduced, and the magnetic card 1a is less likely to be scratched. Further, since the pressure roller 566 rotates even when the magnetic card 1a is inserted, there is an effect that the force required for the insertion can be small and the operational feeling is improved.

Embodiment 64 FIG. Further, a roller similar to the pressure roller 566 may be provided at the rear end 562b of the pressure spring 562. As a result, there is an effect that the load when the magnetic card 1a moves is further reduced, and the magnetic card 1a is less likely to be scratched.

Embodiment 65 FIG. Further, when the distance between the pin 563, which is the center of rotation, and the front end 562a or the pressure roller 566 is smaller than the distance between the pin 563 and the rear end 562b, the force of the magnetic card 1a lifting the rear end 562b is amplified. Is transmitted to the front end portion 562a or the pressure roller 566, so that a greater conveying force to the magnetic card can be obtained.

Embodiment 66 FIG. In FIG. 87, the drive roller 184 is configured to contact the entire width of the card. However, as in the case of the drive roller 567 in FIG. 90, the drive roller 184 may contact only both side ends of the card. On the magnetic card of the present invention, as shown in FIG.
When the drive roller 567 and the magnetic card 1a are brought into contact with each other outside the range F in FIG. 91, dust, dirt, and the like transferred from the drive roller 567 to the magnetic card 1a transfer to the magnetic head. Can be prevented.
Further, the recording track 63 is not scratched or stained by the drive roller 567, and the information is protected. The material of the drive roller 567 may be rubber, of course, but it is permissible to provide minute irregularities on the magnetic card. For example, a metal surface sprayed with ceramic, a metal surface with fine irregularities formed by etching or rolling, a metal surface with a fine needle-like member fixed, and a metal disc outer periphery What provided the saw-tooth unevenness | corrugation may be sufficient.

Embodiment 67 FIG. Other embodiments of the card holding mechanism that can reduce the configuration of the card positioning mechanism and obtain high positioning accuracy will be described in some embodiments below. A card storing a large amount of data has a very high data recording density, and in order to randomly access such a card, reproducibility of the relative positional relationship between the card and the head is important. Therefore, FIG.
In the transport mechanism, the card 161 is received by the card rear guide 190 on the carriage base 186, and then the card 161 is fixed by the pad frame 208, and the photo sensor 258 sets the positioning mark 26 of the card 161.
A method of detecting the initial displacement of the card at 0 and correcting the position was adopted. However, in this method, it is necessary to perform positioning servo control using the stepping motor 221.
The use of an expensive and highly accurate stepping motor and the amount of hardware for driving it are required. The card reader according to the present embodiment has a structure in which a card is sandwiched and moved by a carriage base whose movement in a direction other than the movement direction is restricted by a guide mechanism and a card holder opposed to the carriage base. Further, the card is provided with two or more positioning holes, and positioning pins are provided at corresponding positions of the carriage base. The positioning pins are fitted into the positioning holes, and the card is conveyed so that the card is conveyed to the carriage base. The structure has been adjusted to match the position accurately. In order to insert the positioning pins into the card, the card holder is moved to the carriage base in conjunction with the movement of the carriage base, and the card sandwiched between them is also moved to the carriage base. did. Further, the positioning pin can be moved up and down with respect to the carriage base.

FIG. 92 is a perspective view of the card transport mechanism of the card reader according to the present embodiment, FIGS. 93 (a) and (b) are cross-sectional views taken along the line AA of FIG. 92, and FIG. FIG. 18 is a perspective view of a base 189. In the drawing, 1a is a magnetic card, 184 is a driving roller for transporting the magnetic card 1a, 185 is a holding roller at a position facing the driving roller 184, and 189 is slidably fitted to the guide rod 220. 221 is a stepping motor, 222 is a lead screw coaxially coupled to an output shaft of the stepping motor. A needle 219a and a pressure spring 219b are attached to an end of the carriage base 189. The lead screw 222 and the needle 219a are engaged with each other, and the pressing spring 219b presses from the opposite side so that the engagement is not released. Reference numeral 568 denotes a card holder. Four pins 568a, 568b, 568c, and 568d implanted in the card holder have groove cams 569a and 569 provided on the carriage base 189.
69b, 569c, 569d (pin 56
8c is not shown). 570 is a tension spring. One end is fixed to the side surface of the carriage base 189, the other end is fixed to the side surface of the card holder 568, and the pins 568a to 568d are fixed to the groove cam 56.
An elastic force is generated in a direction of descending along 9a to 569d. 571 is a card urging spring attached to the rear end of the card holder 568 to generate a resilient force in the Y direction. 572 and 573 are stoppers fixed to the apparatus base 21 (not shown). When the card holder 568 corresponding to the pad moves in the direction of the arrow Y, it comes into contact with the stoppers 572 and 573 and is prevented from moving in the direction of the arrow Y. 207 is the card holder 568
Is a pressure pad fixed to. As shown in FIG. 94, the carriage base 189 is provided with a turntable moving hole 189a so as not to interfere with the turntable 15 when the carriage base 189 moves in the XY directions.

Next, the operation of this mechanism will be described. FIG. 92
FIG. 93 (a) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in the state of FIG. In this state, the magnetic card 1a is driven by the driving roller 184 and the holding roller 185.
When the card sensor A (not shown) detects the magnetic card 1a, the drive roller 184 starts rotating, and the magnetic card 1a is sent to the space between the carriage base 189 and the pressure pad 207. At this time, the card urging spring 571 contacts the magnetic card 1a, and the magnetic card 1a
In the Y direction. However, since the conveyance force generated by the drive roller 184 is larger than the urging force, the magnetic card 1a is not pushed back in the Y direction from the drive roller 184, that is, toward the front of the apparatus. Further, a card sensor B (not shown) is used to detect that the magnetic card 1a is completely inserted into the card holder 568.
When it is detected that the stepping motor 2
21 rotates to move the carriage base 189 in the X direction. Then, the card holder 568 is inserted into the groove cam 569a.
569d and the pins 568a-568d,
Since the position in the −Y direction moves in the C direction without changing, that is, descends, the magnetic card 1 a is sandwiched between the pressure pad 207 and the carriage base 189 as shown in FIG. When the pressure pad 207 completes the descent, the magnetic card 1a
Is pressed sufficiently, the magnetic card 1a and the card holder 5
Reference numeral 68 moves in the X direction together with the carriage base 189. As a result, the magnetic card 1a is
Thus, random access can be performed without causing a slip to 89.

One end of the random access range is detected by a starting point sensor (not shown) for detecting the magnetic card 1a or the carriage base 189. That is, as described above, the carriage base 189 on which the magnetic card 1a is mounted moves in the X direction, and as described in the fifty-third embodiment, the innermost track 63f with respect to the magnetic head 13a or 13b.
Is positioned, the start point sensor detects the magnetic card 1a or the carriage base 189. At this time, the magnetic card 1a or the carriage base 189 is located at one end of the random access range. Further, an end point sensor (not shown) for detecting the other end of the random access range may be provided. This corresponds to the front track 6 with respect to the magnetic head 13a or 13b.
This detects the magnetic card 1a or the carriage base 189 when the 3e is positioned. When the forefront track 63e is positioned with respect to the magnetic head 13a or 13b, the start point sensor detects the magnetic card 1a or the carriage base 189, and the magnetic head 13a
Alternatively, when the innermost track 63f is positioned with respect to 13b, the end point sensor may detect the magnetic card 1a or the carriage base 189. As the start point sensor and the end point sensor, a light shielding type or reflection type photoelectric switch or the like can be used.

Next, when ejecting the magnetic card 1a, the carriage base 189 is moved in the arrow Y direction by the operation of the stepping motor 221 and the lead screw 222. At this time, the card holder 568 also moves at the same time,
When the front end abuts against the stoppers 572 and 573, the movement in the Y direction is prevented. Then, the card holder 568 moves up to the position shown in FIG. Since the magnetic card 1a is released from being pressed by the pad 207 and is urged in the Y direction by the card urging spring 571, the drive roller 184 and the holding roller 185
Is pushed back during. Here, when the drive roller 184 starts rotating, the magnetic card 1a is ejected out of the apparatus.

Embodiment 68 FIG. FIG. 95A shows a card lifter 5 made of a resilient material such as plastic at the four corners of the carriage base 189 in the sixty-fifth embodiment.
74a to 574d. The card lifters 574a to 574d have an effect of lifting the magnetic card 1a on the carriage base 189 from the bottom surface, and prevent the magnetic card 1a from colliding with the turntable 15 when entering the carriage base 189. . These card lifters 574a to 574d are attached so as to protrude from the bottom side of the carriage base 189 to the top side as shown in FIG. 95 (b). . The magnetic card 1a is pressed by the pad 207 and the carriage base 1 is pressed.
When it descends above 89, it does not protrude to the upper surface side as shown in FIG. When attaching the card lifters 574a to 574d to the upper surface side of the carriage base 189,
The carriage base 189 may be recessed as shown in FIG.

Embodiment 69 FIG. FIG. 96 shows Embodiment 6
5 is provided with two positioning pins 575a to 575b on the carriage base 189. The magnetic card 1a used at this time is provided with positioning holes 576a to 576b as shown in FIG. One of the positioning holes 576a to 576b may be an oval. Also, as shown in FIG. 97 (b), when positioning holes 576c to 576d are provided so as to be point-symmetric with the positioning holes 576a to 576b with respect to the center of the card, the card can be inserted into the apparatus upside down. It is possible. Next, an operation when the magnetic card 1a is mounted on the carriage base 189 will be described. Card holder 5 of magnetic card 1a
68, the carriage base 189 becomes X
When the vehicle starts traveling in the direction, as shown in FIG.
a, 575b are positioned in front of the apparatus. Even if the carriage base 189 starts moving in the X direction, the card holder 568 and the magnetic card 1a do not move in the X direction at the initial stage, so the positioning pins 575a to 575
FIG. 98 (b) shows the positioning holes 576a, 57b.
The pad 207 starts pressing the magnetic card 1a from above when it comes directly below 6b. At this time, if the tip of the card urging spring 571 contacts the carriage base 189 to release the horizontal force acting on the magnetic card 1a, the magnetic card 1a is pulled in the X direction while the outer peripheral portion of the drive roller 184 is pulled. Sliding. Also,
Positioning pins 575a, 575
Holes 582a and 582b are provided to avoid interference with b. From the state of FIG.
7 moves downward in the Y direction and presses against the magnetic card 1a, so that the hole 582 in FIG.
a, 582b are located at the positioning pins 575a, 575
It is shifted in the X direction with respect to b.

Embodiment 70 FIG. FIG. 99 shows Embodiment 6
7 on the carriage base 189.
574d. Since the magnetic card 1a is lifted by the card lifters 574a to 574d, when the magnetic card 1a enters the carriage base 189, contact with the positioning pins 575a and 575b can be prevented, or even if it does, a small impact force is exerted. There is also an effect that the magnetic card 1a is pulled out from the positioning pins 575a and 575b when the magnetic card 1a is ejected.

Embodiment 71 FIG. FIG. 100 (a) shows a leaf spring 57 in which the positioning pins 575a and 575b of the embodiment 67 are attached to the lower surface of the carriage base 189.
7a and 577b are elastically supported. According to such a configuration, when inserting / ejecting the magnetic card 1a into / from the carriage base 189, the positioning pins 575 are used.
a, 575b even if they come into contact with each other.
Since 5b moves downward, damage to the magnetic card 1a is small. Further, card lifters 574a to 574d similar to those in Embodiment 68 may be provided. Also, on the outer periphery of the positioning pins 575a and 575b, FIG.
As shown in (b), a gradient may be provided. Embodiment 67
Has described that one of the positioning holes 576a and 576b may be an oval, but the diameter D of the root of the positioning pin corresponding to the perfect circular positioning hole is larger than the diameter of the positioning hole, and the oval positioning hole has The diameter D at the root of the corresponding positioning pin is larger than the minor diameter of the positioning hole. By doing so, the positioning pins 575a and 575b are fitted into the positioning holes 576a and 576b without any gap, and the positioning accuracy of the magnetic card 1a is improved.
Positioning pins 575a, 575b and positioning hole 576
When the magnetic card 1a is pressed onto the carriage base 189 by the pad 207 after the mating of the a and 576b, the leaf springs 577a and 577b bend downward and spring upward as shown in FIG. 100 (b). Although a force is generated, the above-mentioned leaf springs 577a and 577b are so-called cantilevers, and when bent, the positioning pins 575a and 575b are inclined, and the horizontal position is slightly shifted. Therefore, in order to improve the positioning accuracy of the magnetic card 1a, a structure may be adopted in which the positioning pins 575a and 575b move vertically. As shown in FIG. 100 (c), the carriage base 1
89, a guide portion 575c is provided, and a compression spring 575 is provided here.
Positioning pins 575a, 57 urged upward by d
5b may be slidably engaged. In the present embodiment, the leaf springs 577a and 577b and the compression spring 189c are used for biasing the positioning pins 575a and 575b.

Embodiment 72 In Embodiments 67 to 69, the positioning hole 57 of the magnetic card 1a is used.
6a to 576b are on a straight line parallel to the insertion direction, and positioning pins 575a to 575b are provided correspondingly. In this case, when the magnetic card 1a enters the carriage base 189, the positioning pins 575a to
575b, the front positioning hole 576b is
Contact with the positioning pin twice results in damage to the side of the hole and, consequently, poor positioning accuracy. Also, the positioning pin 575a is located at the front positioning hole 576b.
And may interfere with the insertion operation. In the present embodiment, the positioning holes are not arranged on a straight line parallel to the insertion direction. In FIG. 101,
The two positioning holes 576e and 576f are inserted into the magnetic card 1a.
Side by side, and the corresponding carriage base 1
The 89 positioning pins 575e and 575f were also arranged side by side as shown in FIG. Further, as shown in FIG. 103, the two positioning holes 576g and 576h may be slightly shifted from a straight line, and positioning pins may be provided at corresponding positions.

Embodiment 73 FIG. In Embodiment 69, the positioning pins 575a to 575b always protrude from the bottom surface of the carriage base 189.
As shown in (a), the arm 57 fixed to the apparatus main body is bent as the carriage base 189 moves in the Y direction.
8a and 579b, it can be pushed down as shown in FIG. 104 (b). By doing so, the magnetic card 1
Since interference between the positioning pins 575a and 575b during entry a can be prevented, the distance H between the carriage base 189 and the pad 207 can be reduced, and the device can be made thinner. Also in the present embodiment, a gradient may be provided on the outer periphery of positioning pins 575a and 575b, as in the sixty-ninth embodiment.

Embodiment 74 FIG. Embodiments 65 to 6 above
9 uses the groove cams 569a to 569d provided on the carriage base 189 for raising and lowering the card holder 568, so that the card holder 568 is Go up and down.
That is, the card holder 568 moves obliquely relative to the carriage base 189. In this embodiment, the card holder is vertically moved with respect to the carriage base. FIG. 105 shows the carriage base 189 and the card holder 568 of the present embodiment. The carriage base 189 is provided with square holes 579a to 579d.
80d are slidably inserted in the CD direction, respectively (legs 580c and 580d are not shown). This leg 5
The ends in the Y direction of 80a to 580d are inclined surfaces as shown in the figure. Reference numeral 570 denotes a tension spring, one end of which is on the carriage base 189 and the other end is on the card holder 56.
8 and urges both of them toward each other.
Reference numeral 207 denotes a pressure pad similar to that of the first embodiment.

In FIG. 106 (a), 581a to 581a
1d is a block fixed to the apparatus main body and located at a position facing the legs 581a to 581d (581c, 581).
d is not shown). When the carriage base 189 and the card holder 568 move in the Y direction, FIG.
As shown in FIG. 7, the legs 580a to 580d abut against the blocks 581a to 581d, and the slopes of the two act as cams to raise the card holder 568 in the D direction, so that the magnetic card 1a can be inserted and ejected. become. To lower the card holder 568, the carriage base 189 only needs to be moved in the X direction.
The magnetic card 1a is sandwiched between the magnetic card 1a and the carriage base 189, and becomes movable. In contrast to this configuration, the card lifters 574a to 574a-5
74d, positioning pins 575a, 575b, 575e,
575f may be applied. Further, positioning pins 575
Leaf springs 578a to 578b may be used for a to 575b, and arms 581a to 581d may be used for raising and lowering the leaf springs 578a to 578b.

In this embodiment, the positioning holes 576
The operation of mounting the magnetic card 1a provided with a to 576b on the carriage base 189 will be described. When the carriage of the magnetic card 1a into the card holder 568 is completed and the carriage base 189 starts traveling in the X direction, the positioning pins 575a and 575b are positioned immediately below the positioning holes 576a and 576b as shown in FIG. It is good. When the carriage base 189 starts moving in the X direction, the pressing pad 207 descends vertically and starts pressing the magnetic card 1a. At this time,
When the urging force of the card urging spring 571 against the magnetic card 1a is released, the leading end of the magnetic card 1a is
Locating pins 575a-5575
75b, it is possible to adopt the following structure as necessary.

FIG. 108 is an enlarged perspective view of the carriage base 189 and the card holder 568 in the vicinity of the X-direction end in this case. A card urging spring 571 is attached to an end of the card holder 568. The card urging spring 571 includes a card urging portion 571a at the center and tongue pieces 571b and 571c at both ends. Not shown). A notch 584 is formed in a corresponding portion of the carriage base 189, and a side 584a corresponding to the card urging portion 571a, and the tongue pieces 571b, 5
Sides 584b and 584c respectively correspond to 71c. The carriage base 189 and the card holder 568
When there is no magnetic card 1a in between, the card urging portion 571a is in contact with the side 584a as shown in FIG. When the magnetic card 1a is inserted here, FIG.
As shown in (b), it comes into contact with the card urging portion 571a and receives the urging force in the Y direction. Here, when the card holder 568 is lowered with respect to the carriage base 189, FIG.
The tongue sides 571b and 571c are like the sides 584b and 584
c, and the card urging spring 571 rotates in the Z direction, so that the urging force of the magnetic card 1a in the horizontal direction is released. When the magnetic card 1a operates in the order from FIG. 109 (c) to FIG. 109 (b), the magnetic card 1a is urged in the direction of the drive roller 184 and is ejected as the drive roller 184 rotates.

Embodiment 75 FIG. In the embodiment 67, the card holder 56 with respect to the carriage base 189
Although the one using a cam has been described for the lifting mechanism 8,
In the present embodiment, an example using a link will be described. FIGS. 110 (a) and 110 (b) are side sectional views of a main part of the present embodiment. In the figure, a carriage base 1
89 and the card holder 568 are urged by a tension spring 570 in a direction approaching each other. Base 585
a and 585b are fixed to the device base 21, and links 586a and 586b are rotatably attached to the device base 21. The links 586a and 586b are connected to the tension spring 5
87a and 587b are urged to rotate in the direction E in the figure. Here the carriage base 1
When 89 travels in the Y direction and abuts against one end of the links 586a, 586b, the links 586a, 586b rotate in the F direction, and the other ends of the legs 580a, 58 of the card holder 568.
0b is pushed up as shown in FIG.
a can be inserted and discharged. In the above-described Embodiments 65 to 73, the case where the pressure pad 207 is used as the pad equivalent portion has been described.
For example, the support pad 539 described in FIG. 0 may be used, and the upper surface of the card holder 568 may be used as a pad equivalent portion.

Embodiment 76 FIG. Embodiment 6
7 to 75, the turntable 15 does not move at the time of random access, and the magnetic card 1a moves as the carriage base 189 moves. In the present embodiment, however, the turn at random access is performed. The table 15 is moved in the longitudinal direction of the magnetic card 1a. Hereinafter, this embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.
3 will be described. In the figure, reference numeral 588 denotes a carrier on which the turntable 15 is mounted and which is slidably engaged with the guide rod 220. A needle 589 and a pressure spring 590 are attached to the carrier 588. The lead screw 222 and the needle 589 are engaged, and the pressure spring 590 presses from the opposite side so that the engagement is not released. Also, the carriage base 18
Reference numeral 9 denotes a device base 21 by a fixing member (not shown).
, The inner dimension P of the card holder 568 in the width direction is larger than the outer dimension Q of the carriage base 189 in the width direction. On the side surface of the carriage base 189, an oval hole A591 is provided. Reference numerals 592 and 593 denote holders A and B fixed to the device base 21, respectively, and the holder B 593 is provided with an oval hole B 594. An arm A 595 has one end rotatably attached to the holder A 592 and the other end slidably fitted in the hole 591A.
94 and the other end of the card holder 568
The arm A is rotatably attached to the arm A, and the arm A and the arm B are rotatably engaged at the center of each arm, and form a parallel link. 597 has one end fixed to the carrier 588 and the other end connected to the arm B5.
It is a wire fixed to the end of 96.

In the above configuration, the carrier 588 is
When the magnetic head 13a or 13b moves further in the X direction than the innermost track 63f of the magnetic card 1a described in the fifty-third embodiment, the wire 597 is tensioned and the end of the arm B is moved in the X direction. To pull. As a result, the card holder 568 is raised, and the magnetic card 1a can be loaded and unloaded. When the carrier 588 moves in the Y direction after the insertion of the magnetic card 1a, the wire 597 is loosened, the card holder 568 is lowered, and the recording / reproducing state is enabled. In this configuration, when the drive roller 184 as shown in FIG. 92 is used for loading and unloading the magnetic card 1a, the magnetic card 1a does not move in the X direction, so that the magnetic card 1a is pressed against the carriage base 189. In this case, the driving roller 184 may be moved downward by a retraction mechanism (not shown) to avoid interference with the magnetic card 1a. One end of the random access range is detected by a starting point sensor (not shown) that detects the carrier 588. That is, the carrier 588 moves in the X direction as described above, and the magnetic head 13 moves as described in the fifty-third embodiment.
When the innermost track 63f is positioned with respect to a or 13b, the carrier 588 is detected by this start point sensor. At this time, the carrier 588 is located at one end of the random access range.

Furthermore, an end point sensor (not shown) for detecting the other end of the random access range may be provided. This is the first track 63 for the magnetic head 13a or 13b.
This is to detect the carrier 588 when e is positioned. Also, when the front track 63e is positioned with respect to the magnetic head 13a or 13b, the start point sensor detects the carrier 588, and when the innermost track 63f is positioned with respect to the magnetic head 13a or 13b, the end point sensor is set. The carrier 588 may be detected. As the start point sensor and the end point sensor, a light shielding type or reflection type photoelectric switch or the like can be used. The device of the type in which the magnetic card 1a moves requires a space having a length equal to the sum of the length of the magnetic card 1a and the amount of movement inside for random access, whereas the device as in the present embodiment has a The device to which the table 15 moves needs only to have a space of the length of the magnetic card 1a, so that there is an effect that the device length can be reduced. When designing such a device, it is generally desirable that the device be as small as possible and have a large amount of information that can be stored. To this end, the relationship between the specifications of the device and the storage capacity should be clarified. There is a need. Equations (10) to (15) have already determined the relationship between the total track length M and the angle α, and equation (24) specifies the range of the angle α. In these cases, two tracks always correspond to one head rotation center. However, depending on the card shape and the like, one track may correspond to one rotation center. Further, the above calculation is an approximate calculation although there is no practical problem. For example, strictly, X = P · cos α in Expression (10) does not hold. Also, the number of tracks N must be an integer, but is not necessarily an integer in equation (13).

A more general calculation method of the angle α and the track pitch P that maximizes the total track length M will be described below. In the following calculations, the symbols are changed even if they have the same contents, to distinguish them from the above calculations. For this calculation, the following are given in advance as known numbers (see FIG. 114). -Length of recording area: Lr-Track radius: Rt-Minimum allowable interval between adjacent tracks: Tpmin Lr and Rt are determined based on the size of the magnetic card 1a, component arrangement in the apparatus, and the like. Tpmin is determined from the track width and the performance of the magnetic head. The trajectory of the head rotation does not protrude from Lr. The following is calculated from the known number. For a certain feed pitch Tp, • Recording angle: θ • Length of one track: Lt1 • Number of tracks: Nt • Total track extension: Lt Repeating the calculation while changing Tp, Tp at which Lt is maximized, and The track pattern is determined by the corresponding θ.

Hereinafter, the calculation procedure will be described. Procedure 1: A feed pitch Tp is temporarily given. Procedure 2: The interval between the above-mentioned Tp and the adjacent track is Tp
Find the recording angle θ (deg) that will be min. This calculation method will be described with reference to FIG. In the figure, a circle centered on the origin is C1 and a circle centered on (Tp, 0) is C2.
And the intersections of the straight line having the gradient θ passing through the origin and C1 and C2 are assumed to be A (xa, ya) and B (xb, yb), respectively.
Where xa and ya are the x and y coordinates of point A, xb and y
b is the x and y coordinates of point B. If the distance AB between the point A and the point B is defined as the distance between C1 and C2 at the point A, AB = (xb−xa) / cos θ (25). It is expressed as Θ at which AB is equal to Tpmin is the recording angle. To ask for this, What is necessary is to define a function F (θ), and solve F (θ) = 0 for θ. As an approximate solution, Newton's method and the like are well known. Step 3: Find the length Lt1 of one track. Lt1 = π × Rt × θ / 90 (28) θ has already been calculated in the procedure 2.

Step 4: The length Ls of the section where the track is drawn is determined. This calculation method will be described with reference to FIGS. Ls is the sum of a and b in FIG. 117 or FIG. In the figure, the solid line represents the track, and the dashed line represents the locus of the head. As shown in FIG. 116, assuming that the length of the center blank portion when the arcs 598 and 599 having the center angle of 2θ are opposite to each other is L0, and the distance between both ends of the arc extension locus at this time is L1. (1) When Lr> L1, as shown in FIG. 117, the left and right innermost tracks 600 and 601 can approach each other until they touch each other (even if they approach each other, the head trajectory does not protrude from the recording area). Therefore, Ls = a + b = Lr-L0 (31) (2) In the case of Lr ≦ L1, as shown in FIG. 118, the innermost right and left tracks 602 and 603 cannot approach each other until they contact each other (if they approach each other, The head trajectory protrudes from the recording area)

Step 5: The number of tracks Nt is obtained. If the tracks are symmetrically arranged, Nt is an even number. Therefore, Here, INT takes the following integer part in parentheses. Step 6: Obtain the total track length Lt. Lt = Lt1 × Nt (34) The above procedures 1 to 6 are repeated while changing Tp,
The feed pitch Tp at which the total track length Lt is maximized and the recording angle θ corresponding thereto are obtained, and the outline of the recording pattern is determined from this. As in (1) of procedure 4, Lr> L1
In this case, as shown in FIG. 117, a pattern in which only one track 605 is used for one rotation center 604 of the head in a portion protruding from L1 of the recording area. This is because if a track is drawn at a position symmetrical with respect to the rotation center 604, it will intersect with another track. On the other hand, when L1 ≧ Lr as shown in FIG. 118 or L1 ≧ Lr as shown in FIG. 118, a pattern in which two tracks located symmetrically with respect to one rotation center can be used. Become. Tracks 600 and 607 for the rotation center 606 in FIG. 117 and tracks 602 and 609 for the rotation center 608 in FIG. 118 are examples.

In practice, when Lr> L1, FIG.
When the innermost tracks on the left and right touch each other as in 17, normal recording / reproducing operations cannot be performed. Therefore, it is necessary to secure the interval between the tracks on both sides except for one track on the innermost track on the left and right. FIG. 119 shows an example of the above calculation results.
The relationship between Tp and Lt is drawn using Rt as a parameter, where r = 80 (mm) and Tpmin = 0.12 (mm). When Rt = 25 (mm), Tp = 0.18
(Mm) and the total track length Lt is the maximum value of about 14,000.
0 (mm). The recording angle θ at this time is about 48 degrees. Also, the total track length is the maximum value of 95.
% Is about 13,300 (mm) or more because Tp =
0.16 (mm) to 0.21 (mm), and in this range, the recording angle θ is about 41 ° to 54 °.

[0220]

According to the present invention, high-density recording / reproducing can be performed on a large-capacity optical recording surface of a wide arc-shaped track, and recording / reproducing can be repeatedly performed without being concerned with the direction of a card, while being mounted on a card device.

At the time of recording and reproduction, the head or the optical lens rotates in a well-balanced manner, and stable writing of recorded information,
There is an effect that reading can be performed.

At the time of recording / reproducing, there is an effect that the cylindrical projection prevents entry of foreign matter and also makes the distance between the card and the lens constant.

At the time of recording / reproducing, there is an effect that stable dust-free recording / reproducing information can be obtained by positively removing dust such as magnetic powder adhering to the card.

The card to be recorded / reproduced is fixed to the head assembly securely but without being damaged, and there is an effect that the displacement of the card with respect to the head is eliminated.

Since the inside of the card holding mechanism is substantially shut off from outside air, there is an effect of preventing intrusion of dust from outside air.

Since the card holding mechanism has a positioning surface and regulates the position of the card and is substantially shielded from the outside air, the card holding mechanism has an effect of preventing intrusion of dust from the outside air.

A sector signal is generated in synchronization with the rotation of the head, and there is an effect that the track on the card recording can be easily synchronized.

An optical path in the rotary drive shaft of the turntable is used, and in the case of light of a plurality of wavelengths, a reflecting / transmitting prism is provided in the optical path, so that the structure is simple and the effect of handling a plurality of optical information is obtained. is there.

Since a closed magnetic field is formed around the track surface and the back surface for magneto-optical recording / reproducing, there is an effect that the recording / reproducing efficiency is improved.

Since the ejection of the card from the card holding mechanism is performed in a sequence, the card ejection is smooth, the card is not damaged, and the operation is simple.

Since the coupling of the optical signal to the optical path in the rotary drive shaft of the turntable is performed by the optical fiber, the setting of the optical path can be made freely and the height of the apparatus can be reduced.

A turntable having a head is directly driven by a motor.

Since the pad for pressing the card against the head in the card reader is further pressed by a spring structure, there is an effect that the degree of close contact between the card and the head is improved.

Further, since the pad for pressing the card against the head is further pressed by a spring structure, there is an effect that the degree of close contact between the card and the head is improved.

Further, since the pad equivalent for pressing the card against the head can be shared by another structure, the structure can be simplified.

Since the access start position is changed by detecting the direction of the card in the card reader, there is an effect that the card need not be reinserted.

Further, since the two heads access the same data at the same time, the reliability of the obtained data is improved.

Further, since the two heads access the same data at the same time, the reliability of the obtained data is improved.

Since the roller and the card pressing member are provided in the card reader, there is an effect that the card is correctly carried into the card holding mechanism.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a rotation mechanism of a magnetic head of a magnetic card reader according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the rotation mechanism of the magnetic head of the magnetic card reader according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a rotation mechanism of a magnetic head of the magnetic card reader according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of a magnetic head assembly used for the magnetic card reader of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an embodiment in which a magnetic head using a long arm spring of the present invention is mounted on a turntable.

FIG. 6 is a view showing an embodiment in which a stopper and a cleaner are attached to the turntable or the rotary transformer holder of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a rotary transformer used for the magnetic card reader of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a rotary transformer used for the magnetic card reader of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating the operation and circuit connection of the rotary transformer.

FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating the operation and circuit connection of the rotary transformer.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a magnetic head used in the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating a recording track of a card used in the card reader of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating both ends of a recording track on a card according to the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a relationship between an angle between a center line and a track tip and Z.

FIG. 15 is a diagram showing an embodiment of the azimuth recording method of the present invention.

FIG. 16 is a diagram showing a cross-sectional structure of the optical card of the present invention.

FIG. 17 is a perspective view showing an example of a recording / reproducing mechanism which is a head assembly of the optical card reader of the present invention.

FIG. 18 is a sectional view showing an example of a recording / reproducing mechanism of the optical card reader of the present invention.

FIG. 19 is a sectional view showing an example of a recording / reproducing mechanism of the optical card reader of the present invention.

FIG. 20 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the magneto-optical recording / reproducing mechanism of the present invention.

FIG. 21 is a diagram illustrating a magnetic field of a head unit of a magneto-optical recording system according to the present invention.

FIG. 22 is a diagram showing types of shapes of a recording medium of the optical card of the present invention.

FIG. 23 is a diagram showing types of shapes of a recording medium of the optical card of the present invention.

FIG. 24 is an external view of an apparatus according to an embodiment of the card reader of the present invention.

FIG. 25 is a diagram showing one embodiment of a card detection mechanism of the present invention.

FIG. 26 is a diagram showing one embodiment of a card detection mechanism using the photodetector of the present invention.

FIG. 27 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a transport mechanism for carrying a card into a card reader according to the present invention.

FIG. 28 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the transport mechanism of the present invention.

FIG. 29 is a view showing another embodiment of the transport mechanism of the present invention.

FIG. 30 is a diagram illustrating an embodiment of a pressure pad mechanism mounted on the transport mechanism of the present invention.

FIG. 31 is a view showing an embodiment of a pressure pad mechanism mounted on the transport mechanism of the present invention.

FIG. 32 is a view showing one embodiment of a pressure pad mechanism mounted on the transport mechanism of the present invention.

FIG. 33 is a view showing one embodiment of a pressure pad mechanism mounted on the transport mechanism of the present invention.

FIG. 34 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a track feed mechanism of the card reader of the present invention.

FIG. 35 is a diagram showing a method of positioning a card of the card reader of the present invention on a carriage base.

FIG. 36 is a diagram illustrating another method of mounting a card on the carriage base according to the present invention.

37 is a diagram showing an example of the carriage base card shown in FIG. 36.

FIG. 38 is a diagram showing one embodiment of a sector format of the present invention.

FIG. 39 is a diagram showing a relationship between a sector pulse and an index pulse.

FIG. 40 is a diagram showing one embodiment of a card reader of the present invention.

FIG. 41 is an electric circuit block diagram of the card reader of the present invention.

FIG. 42 is a view showing a lateral driving mechanism of the card holding mechanism of the present invention.

FIG. 43 is a diagram showing a relationship between a head and a recording / reproducing track, and a diagram showing a relationship between a gap d between each head and a medium and a reproduction output.

FIG. 44 is a sectional view of a magnetic card as an example of the thirty-first embodiment.

FIG. 45 is a structural diagram of a magnetic card with a cover according to a thirty-second embodiment.

FIG. 46 is a recording / reproducing circuit diagram using a new power supply method according to the thirty-third embodiment.

FIG. 47 is a diagram showing the configuration of a device using a plurality of slip rings around a rotary transformer.

FIG. 48 is a configuration diagram of a recording / reproduction circuit according to a thirty-fourth embodiment.

FIG. 49 is a plan view showing a magnetic head adjusting mechanism according to a thirty-fifth embodiment.

FIG. 50 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an adjustment mechanism of a magnetic head to which a microscope is attached according to a thirty-fifth embodiment.

FIG. 51 is a sectional view illustrating adjustment of the pitching direction of the magnetic head according to the thirty-fifth embodiment.

FIG. 52 is a cross-sectional view illustrating adjustment of the magnetic head in the rolling direction according to the thirty-fifth embodiment.

FIG. 53 is a diagram showing interference fringes appearing when a sliding portion of a slider of a magnetic head and a glass plate are in contact with each other in a thirty-fifth embodiment;

FIG. 54 is a plan view illustrating in-plane movement adjustment of the magnetic head according to the thirty-fifth embodiment.

FIG. 55 is a cross-sectional view illustrating adjustment of the magnetic head in the rolling direction according to the thirty-sixth embodiment.

FIG. 56 is a plan view illustrating a magnetic head adjustment mechanism according to a thirty-sixth embodiment.

FIG. 57 is a cross sectional view illustrating adjustment of the magnetic head in the rolling direction according to the thirty-seventh embodiment.

FIG. 58 is a plan view illustrating a magnetic head adjustment mechanism according to a thirty-seventh embodiment.

FIG. 59 is a plan view illustrating a magnetic head adjustment mechanism according to the thirty-eighth embodiment.

FIG. 60 is a sketch of a head and a card support mechanism in a thirty-ninth embodiment.

FIG. 61 is a diagram illustrating a relationship between a head and a card support mechanism according to a fortieth embodiment.

62 is a diagram illustrating an example of a head mounted on a two-parallel spring according to the forty-first embodiment. FIG.

63 is a diagram illustrating a support mechanism of a pressure pad according to Embodiment 42. FIG.

FIG. 64 is a diagram illustrating a support mechanism of a pressure pad according to Embodiment 43;

FIG. 65 is a diagram illustrating a support mechanism of a pressure pad according to a forty-fourth embodiment.

FIG. 66 shows a shape of a magnetic head having a spherical or convex curved sliding surface in the forty-fifth embodiment.

FIG. 67 is a diagram illustrating a card insertion operation in Embodiment 45.

FIG. 68 is a diagram illustrating a dust remover according to a forty-sixth embodiment.

FIG. 69 is a diagram illustrating an example of a shape of a cutout portion of the dust remover.

FIG. 70 is a diagram showing an embodiment in which a dust remover is mounted on a turntable.

FIG. 71 is an explanatory diagram of the operation of the dust remover.

FIG. 72 is a diagram illustrating a dust remover support mechanism according to a forty-seventh embodiment.

FIG. 73 is a diagram illustrating a method of arranging the dust remover according to the forty-eighth embodiment.

FIG. 74 is a perspective view of a magnetic head mounting portion according to an embodiment of the present invention.

75 is a sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 74.

FIG. 76 is an explanatory cross-sectional view of the magnetic head mounting portion according to Embodiment 50 at the time of rest and operation.

FIG. 77 is an explanatory cross-sectional view of the magnetic head mounting portion according to the fifty-first embodiment during rest and operation.

FIG. 78 shows a track format on a magnetic card,
Shows a track nearest neighbor distance l _0.

FIG. 79 is a diagram showing a track format outside the data area of the frontmost track and the innermost track on the magnetic card according to the fifty-third embodiment.

FIG. 80 is a flow chart showing a sequence until the magnetic head positions to a predetermined track in the embodiment 53.

FIG. 81 is a layout diagram of recording tracks on a magnetic card and a layout diagram of a magnetic head on a turntable in the fifty-fourth embodiment.

FIG. 82 is a layout diagram of recording tracks on a magnetic card, a layout diagram of a magnetic head on a turntable, and an explanatory diagram of a period during which the magnetic head records data in the fifty-fifth embodiment.

FIG. 83 is a layout diagram of recording tracks on a magnetic card and a layout diagram of a magnetic head on a turntable.

FIG. 84 is a diagram illustrating an example of a head cleaning card according to Embodiments 56, 57, and 58.

FIG. 85 is a diagram illustrating an example of a head cleaning card according to the fifty-ninth and fifty-sixth embodiments.

FIG. 86 is a diagram showing a cross section of a card transport mechanism and a roller section of the card reader according to the fifty-ninth embodiment.

FIG. 87 is a perspective view of a card transporter according to Embodiment 62.

FIG. 88 is a cross-sectional view of a main part during operation of the card transporter of the 62nd embodiment.

FIG. 89 is an essential part cross sectional view of the operation of the card transporter of the embodiment 63;

FIG. 90 is a perspective view of a card transporter according to the sixty-sixth embodiment.

91 is a diagram illustrating a pattern of a recording track of a card according to Embodiment 66. FIG.

FIG. 92 is a perspective view of a card transport mechanism unit according to Embodiment 67.

93 is a sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 92.

FIG. 94 is a perspective view of the carriage base of FIG. 92.

FIG. 95 is a perspective view of a carriage base provided with a card lifter according to Embodiment 68, and a cross-sectional view of the card lifter.

FIG. 96 is a perspective view of a carriage base provided with positioning pins according to the sixty-ninth embodiment.

FIG. 97 is a diagram of a card provided with a positioning hole according to the embodiment 69.

FIG. 98 is a diagram showing a relationship between a base and a card in the carriage base.

FIG. 99 is a perspective view of a carriage base using a positioning pin and a lifter according to the 70th embodiment.

100A and 100B are a perspective view of a carriage base to which a positioning pin according to Embodiment 71 is fixed by a leaf spring, and a cross-sectional view of the positioning pin.

FIG. 101 is a diagram of a card in which a positioning hole is provided in front of the card according to the seventy-second embodiment.

FIG. 102 is a perspective view of a carriage base provided with positioning pins corresponding to the card of FIG. 101.

FIG. 103 is a diagram of a card in which two positioning pins are displaced from the same straight line such as parallel to the longitudinal direction of the card.

FIG. 104 is a side view of a leaf spring supporting a positioning pin and a carriage base according to Embodiment 73;

FIG. 105 is a perspective view of a card transport mechanism in which a card holder according to a seventy-fourth embodiment moves vertically with respect to a carriage base.

FIG. 106 is a side view of the state of the card transport mechanism of FIG. 105;

107 is a side view showing a state of a positioning pin in the card transport mechanism of FIG. 105.

108 is an explanatory perspective view of a card urging spring in the card transport mechanism of FIG. 105.

109 is a fragmentary cross-sectional view for explaining the operation of the card transport mechanism using the card urging spring of FIG. 108;

FIG. 110 is a cross-sectional view of a card transport mechanism using a link to move up and down the card holder according to the seventy-fifth embodiment.

FIG. 111 is a perspective view of a card selection mechanism according to Embodiment 76.

FIG. 112 is an exploded explanatory view of a card selecting mechanism according to the embodiment 76.

FIG. 113 is a cross-sectional view of a card selection mechanism according to Embodiment 76.

Fig. 114 is a diagram for describing a relationship between a card shape and a track length.

FIG. 115 is a diagram for explaining a relationship between a card shape and a track length.

FIG. 116 is a diagram for describing a relationship between a card shape and a track length.

Fig. 117 is a diagram for describing a relationship between a card shape and a track length.

FIG. 118 is a diagram for explaining a relationship between a card shape and a track length.

FIG. 119 is a diagram illustrating a calculation result of a total track length when a track is formed on a card.

FIG. 120 is a view showing the structure of a conventional magnetic card.

FIG. 121 is a diagram showing the principle of a conventional magnetic card reader.

FIG. 122 is a diagram showing a recording / reproducing track of another conventional magnetic card.

FIG. 123 is a diagram showing a recording / reproducing track of another conventional magnetic card.

FIG. 124 is a diagram showing a recording / reproducing track of another conventional magnetic card and a card positioning method.

[Explanation of symbols]

1a magnetic card, 1b magnetic card, 2 substrates, 3
Magnetic layer, 4 stripe-shaped magnetic layers, 5 feed rolls,
Reference Signs List 6 feed roll, 7 drive motor, 8 belt, 9 pressure roll, 10 magnetic head, 11 head pressure roll, 12 pressure roll, 13a magnetic head, 13b
Magnetic head, 15 turntable, 16 rotation axis,
19 gimbal spring, 19a square gimbal spring, 19
b Round gimbal spring, 20 rotary transformer holder, 21 device base, 22 DC motor, 22a stator portion, 22b rotor portion, 22c drive coil, 2
2d magnet, 23 slider, 23a flat type slider, 23b button type slider, 23c floating type slider, 23d floating type slider, 24 head gap part, 25a sliding part, 25b sliding part, 26a sliding part, 26b sliding part , 28 square gimbal spring, 29
Round gimbal spring, 30 long arm spring, 30a
Long arm spring, 30b Long arm spring, 31
Bearing structure, 32a protrusion, 32b protrusion, 3
3a inverted L-shaped stopper, 33b inverted L-shaped stopper, 34a U-shaped stopper, 34b U-shaped stopper, 35 intake hole, 36 exhaust hole, 37 exhaust port, 3
8 Cleaner, 39 face-to-face rotary transformer, 39
a Primary core, 39b Secondary core, 39c groove, 3
9d groove, 39e groove, 39f groove, 40 cylindrical rotary transformer, 40a secondary core, 40b primary core, 40c fixing base, 41 cylindrical rotary transformer, 41a secondary core, 41b primary core, 41c
Fixed base, 42a secondary core, 42b primary core, 4
3 Iron core, 44 Primary winding, 45 Secondary winding, 46
a primary winding, 46b secondary winding, 47 iron wire, 4
8 core or shell-type transformer or rotary transformer, 48a primary core, 48b secondary core, 53
Recording / reproducing circuit, 53a amplifier, 54 signal processing circuit,
55a primary winding, 55b secondary winding, 56 DC / AC conversion circuit, 57 AC / DC conversion circuit, 58 magnetic head, 59 head core, 60 head gap, 61 head coil, 62 magnetic recording medium, 63 recording track, 63a Recording track, 63b recording track, 6
4 Recording Track, 65 Recording Track, 150 Optical Card, 150a Light Transmission Layer, 150b Reflection Film, 150
c Protective substrate, 150d protective layer, 150e optical recording layer, 150f protective layer, 150g magneto-optical recording layer, 15
Reference Signs List 1 optical head, 151a objective lens, 151b objective lens, 151c laser diode, 151d polarization beam splitter, 151e collimator lens,
51f quarter wave plate, 151g reflection mirror, 151
h reflection mirror, 151i photodetector, 151j laser diode, 151k half mirror, 151l dichroic prism, 151m collimator lens,
51n reflection mirror, 151p dichroic prism, 151q reflection mirror, 151s photodetector, 15
1t condenser lens, 151u optical fiber, 151v
Coil, 151w Coil, 152 Turntable spacer ring, 153 Cleaner, 154 Thin plate of iron or magnetic material, 155 Material of pressure pad, 156
Press pad material, 157a Plastic sheet, 1
57b recording medium, 157c frame-shaped thin plate, 158a
Plastic thin plate, 160 card reader, 161 card, 167 base, 167a auxiliary base, 168
Cover, 169 front panel, 170 card slot, 171 eject switch, 172 indicator lamp, 173 single door, 174 hole, 175 recess, 176 detection terminal, 177 conductor, 178 conductor,
179 logic circuit, 180 pull-up resistor, 181
Support spring, 182 light emitting element, 183 light emitting element, 184
Drive roller, 185 holding roller, 186 transport mechanism, 187 card side guide, 187a card support guide, 187b card support guide, 188 leaf spring, 189 carriage base, 189a turntable moving hole, 190 card rear face guide, 191 leaf spring, 192 optical sensor, 193 belt, 194 belt drive roller, 195 auxiliary roller, 196 gear,
197 Gear, 198 Card X-axis reference guide, 199
a leaf spring, 199b leaf spring, 200 side plate, 202
Tension roller, 203 belt, 203a uneven area, 204 belt drive roller, 205 gear section, 206 auxiliary roller, 207 pressure pad, 208
Pad frame, 209 hinge, 210 solenoid, 211 drive shaft, 212 open / close lever, 213 tension spring, 215 micro switch, 215a detection end, 217 through hole, 218 linear motion bearing, 219a needle, 219b preload spring plate, 220 guide lock , 221 stepping motor, 222 lead screw, 258 photo sensor, 259 through hole, 26
0 Positioning mark, 261 Optical encoder, 261
a optical sensor, 262 retrigger type one-shot circuit, 263 logical product circuit, 265 back panel, 26
6 interface connector, 267 power connector,
268 Electric circuit board, 269 Stopper, 270
Micro switch, 271 Optical sensor for detecting home position, 272 Light shielding plate, 273 internal control circuit, 2
74 recording / reproducing circuit, 275 stepping motor control circuit, 276 DC motor control circuit, 277 DC motor control circuit for drive roller, 278 solenoid control circuit, 280 head assembly mechanism, 395 lock mechanism, 396 slit, 397 metal fitting, 399 card holder, 399a flat portion, 399b edge portion, 399c cut portion, 400a positioning pin, 400b positioning pin, 401 through hole, 402
a connecting portion, 402b connecting portion, 403a connecting portion, 40
3b connecting portion, 406 torsion spring, 407a torsion spring, 407b torsion spring, 408a convex portion, 4
08b Depressed portion, 501 MR element, 502 protective layer, 503 print layer, 504 base material, 505 magnetic recording layer, 506 protective layer, 507 protective cover, 508 slip ring, 509 slip ring, 510 brush, 511 brush, 512 fixed Jig, 514 brush, 515 fixing jig, 516 center tap,
517 Head holder, 517a Screw hole, 517b
Screw holes, 517c Screw holes, 517d Screw holes, 517
e Screw hole, 517f screw hole, 518 head holder, 518a screw hole, 518b screw hole, 518c
Screw holes, 518d screw holes, 519a mounting screws,
519b mounting screw, 519c mounting screw, 1
9d mounting screw, 519e mounting screw, 519
f Mounting screw, 520a adjusting screw, 520b adjusting screw, 520c adjusting screw, 520d adjusting screw, 52
0e adjustment screw, 520f adjustment screw, 520g adjustment screw, 520h adjustment screw, 521 U-shaped member, 52
1a Long part of U-shaped member 521, 521b Right arm of U-shaped member 521, 521c Left arm of U-shaped member 521, 522a adjusting screw, 522b adjusting screw, 522
c adjustment screw, 522d adjustment screw, 523 leaf spring, 5
23a L-shaped arm portion of leaf spring 523, 523b convex contact portion, 524a fixing screw, 524b fixing screw, 52
5 Glass plate, 525a Glass plate lower surface, 525b Glass plate upper surface, 526 glass plate holder, 526a Reference surface, 527 microscope, 528 microscope holder, 529
Bearing, 530 weight, 531a Primary interference fringe, 531
b Secondary interference fringes, 533 spherical portion, 533a spherical contact portion, 534 head holder moving base, 534a wing of head holder moving base 534, 534b wing of head holder moving base 534, 535a magnetic head adjusting holder, 535b Magnetic head adjustment holder, 536a leaf spring, 536b leaf spring, 536c gimbal spring, 53
6d gimbal spring, 537a magnetic head side spacer, 537b fixed end side spacer, 537c magnetic end side spacer, 537d fixed end side spacer, 538 spacer, 539 support pad, 540 pad gimbal, 540a pad gimbal frame mounting part, 5
40b Pad Gimbal Pressure Pad Attachment, 541
Pad spacer, 542 pivot, 543 magnetic head, 543a gap, 543b sliding surface, 5
43c taper section, 544 dust remover, 544a
Notch, 544b Sliding surface, 544c Taper,
545 Dust remover adjustment holder, 546 Contaminant adhering to the card, 546 Dust remover support spring, 548a Magnetic head center of gravity, 548b Magnetic head center of gravity, 549 balancer, 550 balancer center of gravity, 551 Track of magnetic heads 13a, 13b , 552
a recording area of the magnetic head 13a, 552b recording area of the magnetic head 13b, 553 time during which the magnetic head 13a moves on the recording track 63, 554 magnetic head 1
3a, 13b during the recording, 555 magnetic head 13
a, 13b moving period, 556 base film,
557a abrasive, 557b abrasive, 558a magnetic head scanning locus, 558b magnetic head scanning locus,
59 non-woven fabric, 560 drive roller contact portion, 562 pressure spring, 562a front end of pressure spring 501, 562b
Rear end of pressure spring 501, 563 pin, 564 hole in carriage base, 565 pin, 566 pressure roller, 567 pressure roller, 568 card holder, 568
a card holder pin, 568b card holder pin, 568c card holder pin, 568d card holder pin, 570 tension spring, 571 card urging spring, 571a card urging unit, 571b tongue,
571c tongue piece, 572 stopper, 573 stopper, 574a card lifter, 574b card lifter, 574c card lifter, 574d card lifter, 575a positioning pin, 575b positioning pin, 575c positioning pin guide section, 575d positioning pin guide section, 575e positioning pin, 575f
Positioning pin, 576a Positioning hole, 576b Positioning hole, 576c Positioning hole, 576d Positioning hole, 576e Positioning hole, 576f Positioning hole, 5
76g Positioning hole, 576h Positioning hole, 577a
Leaf spring, 577b Leaf spring, 578a Arm, 57
8b Arm, 579a Square hole of carriage base, 5
79b square hole of the carriage base, 579c square hole of the carriage base, 579d square hole of the carriage base,
580a Card holder leg, 580b Card holder leg, 580c Card holder leg, 580d
Card holder leg, 581a block, 581b block, 581c block, 581d block, 5
82a pressure pad hole, 582b pressure pad hole,
584 Carriage base notch, 584a Side of notch 516, 584b Side of notch 516, 58
4c side of notch 516, 585a base, 585
b base, 585c base, 585d base, 5
86a link, 586b link, 586c link, 586d link, 587a Extension spring, 587
b Tension spring, 588 carrier, 589 needle, 590 pressure spring, 591 hole A, 592 holder A, 593 holder B, 594 hole B, 595 arm A, 596 arm B, 597 wire, 598 arc, 599 arc, 600 Inner track, 601 inner track, 602 inner track, 603 inner track, 604 head rotation center, 605 track, 606 head rotation center, 607 track, 60
8 Head rotation center, 609 tracks.

Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat II (Reference) // B42D 15/10 511 B42D 15/10 511 (72) Inventor Atsuo Onoda 5-1-1 Ofuna, Kamakura-shi Mitsubishi Electric Inside the Personal Information Equipment Development Laboratory, Inc. (72) Inventor Yuji Omura 5-1-1, Ofuna, Kamakura City Inside Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Personal Information Equipment Development Laboratory, (72) Masao Sato, 5-1-1, Ofuna, Kamakura City Inside Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Personal Information Device Development Laboratory (72) Inventor Hidetada Nagaoka 5-1-1, Ofuna Kamakura City Inside Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Personal Information Device Development Laboratory (72) Inventor Yukio Izumi 5-1-1 Ofuna, Kamakura City 1 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Personal Information Device Development Laboratory (72) Inventor Akira Hashimoto 5-1-1 Ofuna Kamakura City Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Personal Information Device Development Laboratory (72) Inventor Keiichi Nishikawa 5-1-1, Ofuna, Kurashi-shi Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Personal Information Equipment Development Laboratory (72) Inventor Yoichi Muratomi 8-1-1, Tsukaguchi-Honmachi, Amagasaki-shi Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Materials and Devices Laboratory (72) Inventor Yasuyasu Mizutani 730 Kamimachiya, Kamakura-shi Mitsubishi Electric Engineering Co., Ltd. Kamakura Office F-term (reference) AA22 AA24 BA02 CA04 EB12 EC40 EC47 JA49 MA16

Claims (20)

[Claims] 1. An optical or magneto-optical recording card, which is exchangeable, is rotatably driven within the short side width of the card, and relatively linearly moves in the long side direction of the card. A head assembly for recording on a plurality of arc-shaped recording tracks arranged on the long-side direction center line on the card, or for obtaining a reproduction signal from the track; A recording / reproducing circuit for reproducing, and a card holding mechanism for positioning and holding the card and moving relative to the head assembly in a long side direction of the card, and recording the card on a rotating surface of the head assembly. An optical card reader comprising: an optical lens for reproduction; and an optical path for the optical lens provided in a rotation driving central axis of the head assembly. 2. The optical card reader according to claim 1, wherein the head assembly is provided with a plurality of optical lenses with the center of rotational drive as a symmetrical point. 3. The optical card reader according to claim 1, wherein the head assembly is provided with a cylindrical protrusion around a surface facing the card to be driven to rotate. 4. The optical card reader according to claim 1, wherein the head assembly is provided with a card cleaning material on a surface facing the card. 5. The optical card reader according to claim 1, wherein an elastic pad having a size larger than the width or length of the card and pressing the card toward the head assembly is provided inside the card holding mechanism. . 6. The card holding mechanism according to claim 1, wherein a bottom surface, an upper surface, and side surfaces of the card are sealed except for an elliptical recording or reproducing area whose both ends are swelled on a long side of the card. An optical card reader as described. 7. A card positioning reference plane is provided on one side and a back side of the card receiving side, and a roller for loading / unloading the card into / from a card holding mechanism is provided at a card entrance. 2. The optical card reader according to claim 1, wherein upon detecting insertion of the card, the roller operates to carry the card into the reference surface and press it. 8. The optical card reader according to claim 1, wherein an optical encoder is provided in the head assembly, and the optical encoder generates an index signal of a sector or a track of the card. 9. A reflection / transmission prism for providing a plurality of optical lenses with light sources having different wavelengths correspondingly, and reflecting or transmitting only the corresponding wavelengths from an optical path on which light from the light sources having different wavelengths is superimposed. 2. The optical card reader according to claim 1, wherein the optical card reader is provided separately. 10. A coil for magnetizing bias is provided around an optical lens on a head assembly, and a magnetic material equivalent to forming a magnetic path for magnetizing bias by the coil is provided on a side of the card opposite to the head assembly. The optical card reader according to claim 1, wherein: 11. A pad pressing mechanism for stopping a recording or reproducing operation on a card in response to a depression of a card eject switch or a card ejection command signal, and for lifting a pad from a card holding mechanism after the recording or reproducing operation is stopped to release the pressing of the card. A push mechanism for pushing the card to an outlet of the card holding mechanism when the pressing of the card is released according to the card ejection command.
An optical card reader as described. 12. The optical card reader according to claim 1, wherein an optical path is connected to an optical path of the head assembly opposite to the card facing surface by an optical fiber. 13. The optical card reader according to claim 1, wherein the head assembly is directly driven by a rotor of a motor. 14. The optical card reader according to claim 1, further comprising a spring structure that further supports a pad for pressing the card, and fixing the pad to the card holding mechanism via the spring structure. 15. A spring structure is provided on a side of the pad for pressing the card opposite to the card facing surface, and a central portion of the spring structure is bonded to the pad via a pivot to hold the spring structure on the card. The optical card reader according to claim 14, wherein the optical card reader is fixed to a mechanism. 16. The optical card reader according to claim 1, further comprising a pad replacement structure having a rigidity larger than a spring for holding the card or the head in place of the pad for pressing the card in the card holding mechanism. 17. The optical card according to claim 1, wherein when a position signal for detecting a card direction on the card is detected, the head assembly moves relatively to move to a corresponding predetermined track position. leader. 18. The optical card reader according to claim 2, wherein two of the plurality of optical lenses simultaneously record or reproduce the same data. 19. The optical card reader according to claim 18, wherein the two optical lenses simultaneously record or reproduce in different areas on the same track. 20. The optical card reader according to claim 1, wherein the roller for loading or unloading the card has a width equal to or less than a width for driving a portion other than a width for rotating the head.