JP2002121560A - Process and device for carbonization - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a process and device for carbonization which allows no generation of dioxins nor emission of harmful gases to the outside. SOLUTION: In a process for carbonizing a matter by introducing the matter to be carbonized into a carbonization tank 3 equipped inside with a heating surface 33 and a rotating blade means 34 and heating it, the matter to be carbonized is heated inside the carbonization tank 3 in an anaerobic atmosphere, a sludge and a gas generated in the carbonization tank 3 are led to a vaporized gas cooler 44 and cooled with water to be liquefied into a liquid, and the liquid is led to a dryer 45 to generate a dry sludge. Meanwhile, the gas which is not liquefied in the vaporized gas cooler 44 is emitted after it is made harmless by passing it through a platinum deodorizer 46. The waste vapor generated in the dryer 45 is led to a deodorizing/hot-air-generating oven 59 for oxidatively decomposing harmful gases and generating a high-temperature high-moisture gas, which is used as a heat source for the heating surface 33 of the carbonization tank 3.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a carbonization method and a carbonization apparatus for carbonizing any waste from municipal waste to livestock manure without separating the waste.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there has been known a carbonization method and apparatus in which a material to be carbonized is put into a carbonization tank having a heating surface and rotating blade means therein, and the material to be carbonized is heated and carbonized in the carbonization tank.
The heating surface of the carbonization tank is heated to about 600 ° C. The material to be carbonized is brought into contact with the heated surface via the rotating blade means to rapidly heat and carbonize the material to be carbonized.

[0003]

In the above-described carbonization method and apparatus, benzene-based gas and harmful gas are generated in the carbonization tank during carbonization of the material to be carbonized. There is a problem to do. In addition, when polyvinyl chloride or the like is contained in the material to be carbonized, there is a serious problem that when these substances pass through a temperature range of 300 to 600 ° C., highly toxic dioxin is generated.

[0004] The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a carbonizing method and apparatus which do not generate dioxins and do not discharge harmful gases to the outside.

[0005]

The carbonization method of the present invention, which has been made based on the above object, has the following technical means.
That is, using the reference numerals used in the accompanying drawings corresponding to the embodiments of the present invention, the material to be carbonized is charged into the carbonization tank 3 having the heating surface 33 and the rotating blade means 34 therein. In the method of carbonizing by heating, the carbonization tank 3
The inside is made oxygen-free and the material to be carbonized is heated, and the sludge and gas generated in the carbonization tank 3 are guided to the vaporized gas cooler 44 for water cooling, and the liquid liquefied by water cooling is guided to the dryer 45 to produce dried sludge. At the same time, the gas not liquefied by the vaporized gas cooler 44 is detoxified and discharged through a platinum deodorizer 46, and the waste steam generated by the dryer 45 is guided to a deodorizing / hot air generating furnace 59. A carbonization method characterized by oxidizing and decomposing harmful gas and generating a high-temperature and high-humidity gas, and using the high-temperature and high-humidity gas as a heat source of the heating surface 33 of the carbonization tank 3.

In the carbonization apparatus according to the present invention, which is capable of carrying out the above-described carbonization method, the material to be carbonized is put into the carbonization tank 3 having the heating surface 33 and the rotating blade means 34 therein. In the carbonization apparatus capable of heating the material to be carbonized, the cooling tower 47 of the vaporized gas cooler 44 composed of a cooling tower 47 and a condenser 48 and the carbonization tank 3 are connected via a pipe 52 to form a carbonization tank 3. The sludge and gas generated inside the cooling tower 47 can be introduced into the cooling tower 47, and the pipe 50 on the condenser 48 side of the vaporized gas cooler 44 and the dryer 45 are connected via a connecting pipe 58. The liquid liquefied by the cooler 44 can be introduced into the dryer 45, and the gas discharge pipe 67 connected to the upper part of the cooling tower 47 constituting the vaporized gas cooler 44 passes through the platinum deodorizer 46. Is connected to an exhaust pipe 70, the vaporized gas cooler 44 the platinum deodorizer 4 was not liquefied gases in
6, the waste steam discharge part 54a of the dryer 45 and the deodorizing / hot air generating furnace 5 are provided.
9 is connected via a waste steam pipe 62 to decompose harmful substances in the waste steam in a deodorizing / hot air generating furnace 59,
A high-temperature and high-humidity gas is generated, and the heating surface 33 of the carbonization tank 3 is heated by the high-temperature and high-humidity gas.

Another carbonization method according to the present invention is directed to a method of heating a carbonized material by charging the material to be carbonized into a carbonization tank 3 having a heating surface 33 and a rotating blade means 34 therein. The inside of the tank 3 is heated to an oxygen-free atmosphere to heat the material to be carbonized, and the sludge and gas generated in the carbonization tank 3 are guided to the first vaporized gas cooler 81 to be oil-cooled. Separation into three layers into an oil 93 and an oil 94, while the gas that was not liquefied by the oil cooling was guided to a second vaporized gas cooler 44, where it was water-cooled. The liquid and the water 92 generated by the above three-layer separation are led to the dryer 45 to generate dry sludge, and the gas not liquefied is removed from the platinum deodorizer 46.
The waste steam generated by the dryer 45 is led to a deodorizing / hot-air generating furnace 59 to oxidize and decompose harmful gases, and generate a high-temperature and high-humidity gas. This is a carbonization method characterized by using a heat source of the heating surface 33 of the carbonization tank 3.

[0008] The carbonizing apparatus of the present invention which is capable of carrying out the invention of another carbonizing method has a heating surface 33 inside.
In the carbonization apparatus in which the material to be carbonized is put into the carbonization tank 3 provided with the rotary blade means 34 and the carbonized material can be heated in the carbonization tank 3, the first vaporization system including the cooling tower 82 and the condenser 83 is provided. The cooling tower 82 of the gas cooler 81 and the carbonization tank 3 are connected via a pipe 52 so that sludge and gas generated in the carbonization tank 3 can be introduced into the cooling tower 82. A pipe 85 on the condenser 83 side of the cooler 81 and a centrifuge 90 are connected via a pipe 91 so that the liquid liquefied by the vaporized gas cooler 81 can be introduced into the centrifuge 90.
The upper part of the cooling tower 82 constituting the first vaporized gas cooler 81, and the second part constituted by the cooling tower 47 and the condenser 48
The lower part of the cooling tower 47 of the vaporized gas cooler 44 is connected to the connecting pipe 8.
4 and the second vaporized gas cooler 4
The liquid 50 liquefied by the second vaporized gas cooler 44 and the centrifugal separator are connected to the pipe 50 on the condenser 48 side and the moisture discharge part 92a of the centrifugal separator 90 and the dryer 45 via the pipe 97. The water 92 separated at 90 is introduced into the dryer 45, and the gas exhaust pipe 67 connected to the upper part of the cooling tower 47 of the second vaporized gas cooler 44 is exhausted through the platinum deodorizer 46. A gas which is not liquefied by the second vaporized gas cooler 44 is made harmless by the platinum deodorizer 46 and can be discharged by being connected to the pipe 70, and the waste steam discharge part 54a of the dryer 45
And a deodorizing / hot air generating furnace 59 are connected via a waste steam pipe 62 to remove harmful substances in the waste steam.
At the same time, the high-temperature and high-humidity gas is generated.
The carbonization device is characterized in that the carbonization device is heated.

[0009]

As described above, in the carbonization method of the present invention, the carbonization tank is heated in an oxygen-free atmosphere to carbonize the material to be carbonized. As a result, the harmful dioxin can be eliminated. Further, since gas and sludge generated by heating are liquefied and recovered by cooling in an oxygen-free atmosphere, the generation of dioxin can be eliminated here. The recovered material can be reused as dried sludge. Further, since the gas that is not liquefied is released after being rendered harmless, environmental pollution can be avoided.

[0010]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a system diagram of a carbonizing apparatus 1 configured to carbonize sludge as a material to be carbonized. The carbonized product production line includes a raw material receiving hopper 2, a carbonization tank 3, a cooler 4, and a carbonized product hopper 5. Sludge 6, which is a carbonized material, can be introduced into the raw material receiving hopper 2 through the opening / closing lid 7. A discharge pipe 8 provided at the bottom of the raw material receiving hopper 2 and an introduction pipe 9 provided at the bottom of the carbonization tank 3 are connected via a bucket conveyor 10 and an intermediate hopper 11 having a closed structure. The sludge 6 in the raw material receiving hopper 2 can be sequentially conveyed to the intermediate hopper 11 via the bucket conveyor 10 by the screw conveyor 12 installed along the screw conveyor 12 installed along the introduction pipe 13 of the bucket conveyor 10. Have been. Then, the sludge 6 in the intermediate hopper 11 can be sequentially conveyed to the carbonization tank 3 by the screw conveyor 16 installed along the discharge pipe 15 of the intermediate hopper 11 and the screw conveyor 17 installed along the introduction pipe 9. Has been.

A gate valve 18 is interposed between the discharge pipe 8 of the raw material receiving hopper 2 and the introduction pipe 13 of the bucket conveyor 10, and the discharge pipe 15 of the intermediate hopper 11 and the introduction pipe 9 of the carbonization tank 3. A gate valve 19 is also interposed between
It can be opened and closed according to the sludge 6 transport timing.

On the other hand, a discharge pipe 20 provided on one side of the upper part of the carbonization tank 3 and an introduction pipe 21 of the cooler 4 are connected via a gate valve 22 so that carbonized products carbonized by heating in the carbonization tank 3 are discharged. A screw conveyor 23 installed along the pipe 20 and a screw conveyor 24 installed along the introduction pipe 21
To the cooler 4 side.

Further, the cooler 4 and the carbonized product hopper 5 are connected by a flight conveyor 25 having a closed structure. The screw conveyor 27 and the flight conveyor 25 installed along the discharge pipe 26 of the cooler 4 provide The cooled carbonized product 27 can be transported to the carbonized product hopper 5 side. Discharge pipe 26 of cooler 4 and flight conveyor 2
A gate valve 28 is also provided at the connection portion 5. The screw conveyor 3 is connected to the discharge pipe 29 at the bottom of the carbonized product hopper 5.
0 is installed, and the carbonized product 27 is passed through the valve 31 to the bag 32
It can be packaged appropriately.

The gate valves 22, 28 and the valve 31 can also be opened and closed in accordance with the timing of the transfer of the carbonized product 27.

In the above, the carbonization tank 3 has a heating surface 33 and rotating blade means 34. The heating surface 33 of this embodiment is configured by the inner surface of a cylinder 35, and is configured such that the heating surface 33 is heated by a high-temperature and high-humidity gas fed into a jacket 36 attached to the outside of the cylinder 35. The rotating blade means 34 is attached to a rotating shaft 37 rotatably mounted on the central axis of the cylinder 35 along the direction of gravity, and is schematically shown in FIG. 34 can be configured by attaching a plurality of rotary hoisting blades 38 as shown in FIG. 2 to the rotary shaft 37 in one or more stages (the figure shows a case of four stages). In this case, each rotary winding blade 38 has an elongated flat end surface 38 a along the heating surface 33, and forms a rising gradient in a direction opposite to the rotation direction R of the rotation shaft 37. The sludge 6 introduced through the introduction pipe 9 is pressed on the heating surface 33 by the centrifugal force P while being rolled up on the flat surface 38a of the rotating rotary blade 38 and is rapidly carbonized. Things. Further, the rotating blade means 34 can be constituted by a spiral rotating blade 39 as shown in FIG. In this case, one spiral rotary blade 39 is attached to the rotary shaft 37. The upper surface of the spiral rotary blade 39 is a flat surface 39a, and when the rotating shaft 37 is rotated R, the sludge 6 introduced through the introduction pipe 9 and spirally sequentially loaded from the bottom to the top on the flat surface 39a is spiraled. Is to rise. Then, the sludge 6 is pressed against the heating surface 33 by centrifugal force given by the rotation of the spiral rotary blade 39, so that carbonization can be rapidly performed. As described above, the rotating blade means 34 presses the carbonized material (sludge 6) introduced through the introduction pipe 9 against the heating surface 33,
What is necessary is just a thing provided with the function which can convey a carbonized article toward discharge pipe 20, and it is not limited to the composition of illustration.

The cooler 4 has the same structure as that of the carbonization tank 3 described above. That is, the cylindrical cooling surface 41 and the rotating blade means 4
2 is provided. The cooling surface 41 is cooled by cooling water sent to the outer jacket 43. The rotating blade means 42 can be constituted by the rotating winding blade 38 or the spiral rotating blade 39 described above. The carbonized product introduced through the introduction pipe 21 comes into contact with the cooling surface 41 in a thin film shape by the action of the rotary blade means 42 and is rapidly cooled.

A treatment line for treating sludge and gas generated by heating the material to be carbonized in the carbonization tank 3 is further provided for the production line of the carbonized product configured as described above. This processing line includes a vaporized gas cooler 44 connected to the carbonization tank 3, a dryer 45 and a platinum deodorizer 46 connected to the vaporized gas cooler 44.

The vaporized gas cooler 44 is composed of a cooling tower 47 and a condenser 48. The liquid collected in the lower part of the cooling tower 47 is sent to the condenser 48 through a pipe 50 by a circulation pump 49 to be cooled. It is configured to spray from the nozzle 51 installed on the upper part of the cooling tower 47. The lower part of the cooling tower 47 of the vaporized gas cooler 44 and the carbonization tank 3 are connected via a pipe 52, and all the sludge and gas generated in the carbonization tank 3 are guided to the cooling tower 47 so as not to leak outside. It is like that.

The dryer 45 has the same structure as the carbonization tank 3 and the cooler 4, and includes a drying tank 54 having a cylindrical heating surface 53 formed on the inner surface thereof, and rotating blade means 55. The heating surface 53 can be heated by the high-temperature and high-humidity gas sent to the outer jacket 56. The rotary blade means 55 is the same as the rotary blade means 34, 42 and the like. A pipe 50 on the condenser 48 side of the vaporized gas cooler 44 and an introduction pipe 57 of the dryer 45 are connected by a connecting pipe 58, and a part of the liquid liquefied by cooling by the vaporized gas cooler 44 is sequentially dried on the dryer 45 side. It can be sent to.

The waste steam generated in the drying tank 54 of the dryer 45 is sent to a deodorizing / hot-air generating furnace 59 installed as a heat source of the heating surface 33 of the carbonizing tank 3. That is, the jacket 36 provided outside the carbonization tank 3 and the furnace chamber 60 of the deodorizing / hot air generating furnace 59 are connected by a hot air supply pipe 61, and the dryer 45 is connected to the furnace chamber 60 of the deodorizing / hot air generating furnace 59. The waste steam discharge section 54a provided in the drying tank 54 is connected via a waste steam pipe 62 so that the waste steam generated in the drying tank 54 can be sent to the deodorizing / hot air generating furnace 59. .

A screw conveyor 64 is provided in a discharge pipe 63 installed in the drying tank 54 of the dryer 45 so that the ones dried by the dryer 45 can be sequentially discharged to a receiving box 65.

The vaporized gas cooler 44 and the platinum deodorizer 46 are connected by an exhaust blower 66 and a gas discharge pipe 67. Therefore, the cooling tower 4 of the vaporized gas cooler 44
The gas not liquefied in 7 is sucked to the platinum deodorizer 46 side through a filter 68 installed in the upper part of the cooling tower 47, and brought into contact with a platinum catalyst 69, and then can be discharged through an exhaust pipe 70. In order to indirectly heat the platinum catalyst 69, a part of the high-temperature and high-humidity gas used as the heat source of the carbonization tank 3 is led. That is, a branch pipe 71 branched from the hot air supply pipe 61 is connected to a secondary passage of the platinum deodorizer 46.

The discharge side of the secondary passage of the platinum deodorizer 46 is connected to an exhaust pipe 74 via an exhaust blower 73 together with a discharge pipe 72 connected to the jacket 36 of the carbonization tank 3, and the heating surface 33 of the carbonization tank 3. The high-temperature and high-humidity gas that has heated the platinum catalyst 69 and the high-temperature and high-humidity gas that has heated the platinum catalyst 69 can be discharged to the outside.

Next, the carbonizing apparatus 1 configured as described above.
The state of carbonization of the sludge 6 in the above will be described. First, the inside of the carbonization tank 3 and the inside of the cooling tower 47 of the vaporized gas cooler 44 are free of oxygen (1%) by replacement with nitrogen gas or the like.
The heating surface 33 is heated to about 600 ° C. by the high-temperature and high-humidity gas supplied to the jacket 36 from the deodorizing / hot-air generating furnace 59, and the motor 40 is started to rotate the rotating blade means 34 at high speed. Let it.

After the preparation as described above, the sludge 6 is sequentially introduced into the carbonization tank 3 and brought into contact with the heating surface 33 in an oxygen-free atmosphere to be heated and carbonized. In this embodiment, the sludge 6 to be carbonized is brought into contact with the heating surface 33 in the form of a thin film by the rotating blade means 34.
It can be carbonized in ~ 45 minutes. The opening and closing timing of the gate valves 18 and 19 is controlled so that oxygen is not mixed into the carbonization tank 3 indefinitely, so that the oxygen-free atmosphere in the carbonization tank 3 can be maintained. Similarly, the discharge side of the carbonized product generated in the carbonization tank 3 controls the opening and closing timing of the gate valves 22, 28 and the valve 31.

In order to carbonize the material to be carbonized by setting the inside of the carbonization tank 3 in an oxygen-free atmosphere, even if the material to be carbonized contains polyvinyl chloride or the like which is a cause of generation of dioxin, a temperature of 400 to 450 ° C. Oxidation reaction when passing through the band can be completely eliminated. Chlorine bonded to polyvinyl chloride and hydrogen bonded to benzene are separated and gasified separately. Further, CO ₂ , SOX, NOX are used in order to carry out carbonization treatment in an oxygen-free atmosphere in the carbonization tank 3.
Etc. can be eliminated.

The carbonized product carbonized in the carbonization tank 3 is supplied to the discharge pipe 2
In the cooler 4 in an oxygen-free atmosphere, the carbonized product comes into contact with the cooling surface 41 in the form of a thin film by the action of the rotating blade means 42 and is rapidly cooled (about 40 ° C.). And then discharged to the carbonized product hopper 5.

During the above-described carbonization treatment in the carbonization tank 3, vaporized benzene-based gas and waste steam, harmful gas and sludge are generated. These gases and sludge are led to a vaporized gas cooler 44 through a pipe 52 connected to the carbonization tank 3. The inside of the cooling tower 47 of the vaporized gas cooler 44 is also in an oxygen-free atmosphere, and there is no oxidation reaction of the gas led to the cooling tower 47, and therefore no dioxin is generated. In the cooling tower 47, the benzene-based gas and the waste vapor are cooled by water with the liquid sprayed from the nozzles 51 (initially water and the liquid liquefied by the cooling tower 47) and removed together with the sludge.

Here, a caustic soda injecting section 75 is provided in the pipe 50 on the condenser 48 side of the vaporized gas cooler 44 to inject caustic soda from there.
Can be neutralized with caustic soda to form a salt.

Among the gases led to the vaporized gas cooler 44, harmful gases that could not be liquefied and removed by water cooling are:
After being guided to the platinum deodorizer 46 and being rendered harmless by the action of the platinum catalyst 69, it is discharged outside through the exhaust pipe 70.

On the other hand, the liquefied water cooled by the vaporized gas cooler 44 is partially cooled through the condenser 48 and then sprayed from the nozzle 51 to be used for cooling the vaporized gas and partially connected. It is led to the dryer 45 through the pipe 58. The liquid guided to the dryer 45 is evaporated by the action of the heating surface 53 and the rotating blade means 55, and is reused as dry sludge. Caustic soda injection part 7
The dry sludge when caustic soda is injected from No. 5 consists of salt and sludge.

The waste steam generated by heating in the dryer 45 is
The waste gas is sent to a deodorizing / hot-air generating furnace 59 through a waste steam pipe 62. Therefore, the harmful substances contained in the waste steam are thermally decomposed in the deodorizing / hot-air generating furnace 59 to be harmless.
In the deodorizing / hot-air generating furnace 59, a high-temperature and high-humidity gas is generated and sent to the jacket 36 of the carbonization tank 3 to heat the heating surface 33, and then discharged through the exhaust pipe 74 in a harmless state.

Next, FIG. 4 is a system diagram of a carbonizing apparatus 80 according to a second embodiment in which general municipal waste is to be carbonized. Since the production line of the carbonized product is configured substantially in the same manner as in the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description is omitted. I do.

The gas and sludge processing lines generated in the carbonization tank 3 constituting the carbonized product production line are provided with a first vaporized gas cooler 81 and a second vaporized gas cooler 44 as vaporized gas coolers. Are installed. A dryer 45 and a platinum deodorizer 4 are provided for the second vaporized gas cooler 44.
6 are connected in the same manner as in the first embodiment.
The same components as those of the embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the detailed description of this portion is omitted.

The first vaporized gas cooler 81 comprises a cooling tower 82 and a condenser 83, like the second vaporized gas cooler 44. The cooling tower 82 of the first vaporized gas cooler 81 and the carbonization tank 3 are connected by a pipe 52, and the gas and sludge generated in the carbonization tank 3 are first converted into the first vaporized gas cooler 8.
1. Then, the first vaporized gas cooler 8 is set so that the gas that cannot be liquefied by the first vaporized gas cooler 81 is guided to the second vaporized gas cooler 44.
The upper part of the first cooling tower 82 and the lower part of the cooling tower 47 of the second vaporized gas cooler 44 are connected by a connection pipe 84.

The second vaporized gas cooler 44 is provided with a cooling tower 47
The first vaporized gas cooler 81 converts the gas and sludge guided to the cooling tower 82 into water for cooling the gas guided to the cooling tower 82 as in the case of the first embodiment. It is provided for the purpose of oil cooling. For this oil cooling, a pipe 85 on the condenser 83 side and an oil tank 86 are connected by an oil pipe 87.
Is circulated so that the cooled oil can be sprayed into the cooling tower 82 from the nozzle 88 at the upper part of the cooling tower 82. The oil pipe 87 is also connected to a fuel supply section 89a of the burner 89 so that the oil in the oil tank 86 is also sent to the burner 89 of the deodorizing / hot air generating furnace 59.

A centrifuge 90 is connected to the pipe 85 on the condenser 83 side via a pipe 91 so that a part of the liquid circulating in the pipe 85 can be guided to the centrifuge 90. The centrifugal separator 90 converts the introduced liquid into water 9
2. It can be separated into three layers, solids 93 and oil 94, of which oil 94 is oil discharge 94
It is configured to return to the oil tank 86 through a pump 95 and a pipe 96 connecting between the oil tank 86 and the oil tank 86.

The water 9 separated by the three-layer centrifuge 90
In the pipe 2, a connection pipe 58 connects a connecting pipe 58 connecting the second vaporized gas cooler 44 and the dryer 45 and a water discharge section 92a so that the water can be introduced into the drying tank 54 of the dryer 45.

Next, the manner of carbonizing general municipal waste 98 with the carbonizing device 80 of the second embodiment will be described. First, the inside of the carbonization tank 3 and the first and second vaporized gas coolers 81, 44
The insides of the cooling towers 82 and 47 are made to have an oxygen-free atmosphere by gas replacement in the same manner as described above, the heating surface 33 of the carbonization tank 3 is heated, and the rotating blade means 34 is rotated at a high speed.

Thereafter, the general municipal waste 98 is sequentially introduced into the carbonization tank 3, heated in the carbonization tank 3 and carbonized, and the carbonized product is discharged to the carbonized product hopper 5. Since heating and carbonization are performed in an oxygen-free atmosphere, and the carbonized product is cooled and discharged, the generation of dioxin can be completely eliminated as described above. CO _{2 ,} SOX,
There is no generation of oxidized compounds such as NOX.

Inside the carbonization tank 3, benzene-based gas, waste steam, harmful gas, chlorine and sludge generated by heating are generated. These are first led to a cooling tower 82 of a first vaporized gas cooler 81 through a pipe 52. Here, the benzene-based gas is mainly cooled by oil cooling and liquefied and removed. Some moisture and sludge also get mixed in the liquefied liquid. These liquids are circulated through a condenser 83 to be cooled (oil-cooled) liquid, and a part of the liquid is sequentially guided to a three-layer centrifugal separator 90 to be separated into a water 92, a solid content 93, and an oil content 94. The oil 94 is reused as fuel for the deodorizing / hot-air generating furnace 59 and as a cooling liquid for the first vaporized gas cooler 81. The water 92 is in the pipe 9
It is sent to the dryer 45 through 6.

The waste steam, chlorine and harmful gas which have not been liquefied by the oil cooling of the first vaporized gas cooler 81 are led to the second vaporized gas cooler 44 through the connecting pipe 84, where they are cooled by water and liquefied. Is done. The harmful gas remaining without being liquefied even by water cooling is guided to the platinum deodorizer 69 through the gas discharge pipe 67 and contacts the heated platinum catalyst 69 harmlessly, as in the first embodiment. After being converted, it is released to the outside.

The liquid liquefied by water cooling in the second vaporized gas cooler 44 is partially cooled through the condenser 48 and then sprayed from the nozzle 51 to be used for cooling the gas guided to the cooling tower 47. A part is led to the dryer 45 through the connecting pipe 58. This is also the same as in the first embodiment. The liquid guided from the second vaporized gas cooler 44 to the dryer 45 and the centrifugal separator 90 from the dryer 4
The liquid (moisture 92) led to 5 is evaporated in the drying tank 54 by the action of the heating surface 53 and the rotating blade means 55, and the dried sludge is discharged.

The condenser 4 of the second vaporized gas cooler 44
When injecting caustic soda from the caustic soda injecting section 75 provided in the circulation path on the 8 side, chlorine in the gas led to the cooling tower 47 is neutralized with caustic soda to form salt water, and the drying discharged from the dryer 45 is performed. Most of the sludge becomes salt.

The waste steam generated by the dryer 45 passes through a waste steam pipe 62 for deodorization and deodorization as in the case of the first embodiment.
It is sent to the hot air generator 59. Therefore, the harmful substances contained in the waste steam are thermally decomposed in the deodorizing / hot-air generating furnace 59 to be harmless. In the deodorizing / hot-air generating furnace 59, a high-temperature and high-humidity gas is generated and sent to the jacket 36 of the carbonization tank 3 to heat the heating surface 33, and then discharged through the exhaust pipe 74 in a harmless state.

As described above, the method and apparatus for carbonizing sludge
The embodiment has been described regarding the carbonizing method and the carbonizing device for general municipal waste. In addition to these sludges and general municipal solid waste, highly water-containing wastes such as agricultural wastes, marine wastes, factory effluents, and livestock manure can be carbonized without pretreatment such as drying. In addition, shredder dust of used vehicles, waste tires, medical waste, used disposable diapers, and the like can be similarly carbonized.

In the case of the second embodiment, a system is used in which the vaporized gas generated during carbonization is cooled, returned to oil, and used as fuel for a deodorizing / hot-air generating furnace. For this reason, the carbonization device of the present invention is not included in the classification of incinerators in the revised Waste Management Law. Therefore, there is no need for one year of environmental research, and immediate introduction is possible.

Incidentally, in the case of the second embodiment shown in FIG.
The components in the vaporized gas can be separated and cooled and liquefied by a first vaporized gas cooler 81 cooled by oil and a second vaporized gas cooler 44 cooled by water at the subsequent stage. For example, the oil cooling temperature of the first oil-cooled vaporized gas cooler 81 is set to 60 ° C.
Assuming that the temperature is set to 100 ° C., preferably 80 ° C. to 90 ° C., when the waste to be carbonized contains a lot of water such as garbage, a large amount of water vapor is contained in the vaporized gas. In other words, the high-temperature gas component in the vaporized gas is liquefied by the first oil-cooled vaporization and also cooled by the cooler 81. Then, the steam is supplied to the first cooler 8.
Although it is not sufficiently liquefied at the cooling temperature of 1, it is cooled by the second water-cooled vaporized gas cooler 44 and sufficiently liquefied. Thus, when the first and second vaporized gas coolers are provided, the vaporization is performed. It can separate and liquefy gas.

[0050]

As described above, according to the present invention,
Since the carbonization tank is heated and carbonized in an oxygen-free atmosphere in the carbonization tank, generation of dioxins and generation of oxide compounds can be eliminated. Also, the gas and sludge generated in the carbonization tank are guided to the gas treatment line connected to the carbonization tank without leaking to the outside, liquefied and detoxified, and the non-liquefied gas is detoxified by the platinum deodorizer. A carbonization method and apparatus that does not pollute the environment are provided.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a system diagram of a carbonizing device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a rotary winding blade serving as rotary blade means of a carbonization tank.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a spiral rotary blade serving as rotary blade means of a carbonization tank.

FIG. 4 is a system diagram of a carbonizing device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 1,80 Carbonization device 3 Carbonization tank 33 Heating surface 34 Rotating blade means 44 Vaporized gas cooler 45 Dryer 46 Platinum deodorizer 47 Cooling tower 48 Condenser 50 Pipe 52 Pipe 54a Waste steam discharge unit 58 Connecting pipe 59 Deodorizing / hot air generator 62 Waste steam pipe 67 Gas exhaust pipe 70 Exhaust pipe 75 Caustic soda injection part 81 Vaporized gas cooler 82 Cooling tower 83 Condenser 84 Connecting pipe 85 Pipe 89a Fuel supply part 90 Centrifuge 91 Pipe 92 Water 92a Water discharge 93 Solids 94 Oil 94a Oil discharge 97 Pipe

Claims (10)

[Claims] 1. A heating surface (33) and rotating blade means (34) inside.
In the method in which the material to be carbonized is charged into the carbonization tank 3 provided with a gas and the carbonized material is heated and carbonized, the carbonized material is heated in an oxygen-free atmosphere, and the sludge and gas generated in the carbonization tank 3 are heated. Is led to a vaporized gas cooler 44 to be water-cooled, and the liquid liquefied by the water cooling is led to a drier 45 to generate dry sludge, and the gas not liquefied by the vaporized gas cooler 44 is passed through a platinum deodorizer 46. On the other hand, the waste steam generated by the dryer 45 is guided to a deodorizing / hot-air generating furnace 59 to oxidize and decompose harmful gases, and generate a high-temperature and high-humidity gas. A carbonization method characterized by using a heat source of the heating surface 33 of the tank 3. 2. The carbonization method according to claim 1, wherein caustic soda is injected into the liquid liquefied by the vaporized gas cooler 44. 3. Heating surface 33 and rotating blade means 34 inside
In a carbonization apparatus in which a material to be carbonized is put into the carbonization tank 3 provided with a gas and the material to be carbonized can be heated in the carbonization tank 3, a vaporized gas cooler 4 comprising a cooling tower 47 and a condenser 48 is provided.
The cooling tower 47 and the carbonization tank 3 are connected via a pipe 52 so that sludge and gas generated in the carbonization tank 3 can be introduced into the cooling tower 47. The piping 50 on the condenser 48 side and the dryer 45 are connected via a connecting pipe 58, and the vaporized gas cooler 44
The liquefied liquid can be introduced into the dryer 45 and the cooling tower 4 constituting the vaporized gas cooler 44
The gas exhaust pipe 67 connected to the upper part of the gas exhaust pipe 70 is connected to the exhaust pipe 70 via the platinum deodorizer 46 so that the gas not liquefied by the vaporized gas cooler 44 can be detoxified and discharged by the platinum deodorizer 46. On the other hand, the waste steam discharge part 54a of the dryer 45 and the deodorizing / hot air generating furnace 59 are connected via a waste steam pipe 62,
The harmful substances in the waste steam are thermally decomposed in a deodorizing / hot-air generating furnace 59, and a high-temperature and high-humidity gas is generated. The high-temperature and high-humidity gas heats the heating surface 33 of the carbonization tank 3. A carbonizing device, characterized in that: 4. The condenser 48 of the vaporized gas cooler 44.
The carbonization apparatus according to claim 3, wherein a caustic soda injection section 75 is provided in the side pipe 50, and the caustic soda can be injected into the liquid liquefied by cooling the vaporized gas cooler 44 through the caustic soda injection section 75. 5. A heating surface (33) and rotating blade means (34) inside.
In the method in which the material to be carbonized is charged into the carbonization tank 3 provided with a gas and the carbonized material is heated and carbonized, the material to be carbonized is heated by setting the inside of the carbonization tank 3 to an oxygen-free atmosphere, and sludge and gas generated in the carbonization tank 3 are formed. It is guided to a first vaporized gas cooler 81 to be oil-cooled, and the liquid liquefied by the oil cooling is separated into three layers of water 92, solids 93 and oil 94, while the gas not liquefied by the oil cooling is converted to a second liquid. The liquid vaporized by the water vaporization by the second vaporized gas cooler 44 and the water 92 generated by the three-layer separation are guided to the dryer 45 to produce dry sludge while being cooled by water. The non-liquefied gas passes through a platinum deodorizer 46 to be rendered harmless and is discharged. On the other hand, the waste steam generated by the dryer 45 is guided to a deodorizing / hot air generating furnace 59 to oxidize and decompose harmful gases, and Produces humid gas Carbonization method characterized by the steamy gas as a heat source of the heating surface 33 of the carbonizing vessel 3. 6. The carbonization method according to claim 5, wherein the oil component 94 generated by the three-layer separation is guided to the first vaporized gas cooler 81 and / or the deodorizing / hot air generating furnace 59. 7. The caustic soda is injected into the liquid liquefied by the second vaporized gas cooler 44.
The carbonization method described in 1. 8. Heating surface 33 and rotating blade means 34 inside
In the carbonization apparatus in which the material to be carbonized is charged into the carbonization tank 3 provided with a gas and the material to be carbonized can be heated in the carbonization tank 3, the first vaporized gas cooler 81 including the cooling tower 82 and the condenser 83 is provided. The cooling tower 82 and the carbonization tank 3 are connected by a pipe 5
2 so that sludge and gas generated in the carbonization tank 3 can be introduced into the cooling tower 82.
Piping 85 on the condenser 83 side of the vaporized gas cooler 81
And the centrifugal separator 90 are connected via a pipe 91, and the liquid liquefied by the vaporized gas cooler 81 is separated from the centrifugal separator 90.
And the upper part of the cooling tower 82 constituting the first vaporized gas cooler 81, and the cooling tower 4
The lower part of the cooling tower 47 of the second vaporized gas cooler 44 composed of the condenser 7 and the condenser 48 is connected via a connecting pipe 84, and the pipe 50 on the condenser 48 side of the second vaporized gas cooler 44 is connected. In addition, the water discharge section 92a of the centrifugal separator 90 and the dryer 45 are connected via a pipe 97, and the liquid liquefied by the second vaporized gas cooler 44 and the centrifugal separator 90
Is introduced into the dryer 45 and the cooling tower 4 of the second vaporized gas cooler 44
The gas exhaust pipe 67 connected to the upper part of the gas exhaust pipe 67 is connected to the exhaust pipe 70 via the platinum deodorizer 46, and the gas not liquefied by the second vaporized gas cooler 44 is rendered harmless by the platinum deodorizer 46. It can be discharged. And, the waste steam discharge part 54a of the dryer 45 is
A hot-air generating furnace 59 is connected via a waste steam pipe 62 so that harmful substances in the waste steam are deodorized and thermally decomposed in the hot-air generating furnace 59, and a high-temperature and high-humidity gas is generated.
The high-temperature and high-humidity gas heats the heating surface 33 of the carbonization tank 3. 9. An oil discharge section 94 of the centrifugal separator 90.
The carbonization apparatus according to claim 8, wherein a is connected to a condenser 85 side pipe 85 of the first vaporized gas cooler 81 and / or a fuel supply section 89a of the deodorizing / hot air generating furnace 59 via an oil pipe 87. . 10. A caustic soda injecting section 75 is provided in a path circulating between the condenser 48 and the cooling tower 47 of the second vaporized gas cooler 44, and is liquefied by the second vaporized gas cooler 44 through the caustic soda injecting section 75. 10. The carbonization apparatus according to claim 8, wherein caustic soda can be injected into the liquid obtained.