JP2002119943A - Method for utilizing waste as resources and facilities for such utilization - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To store and sort out a large amount of bottles and cans with a least amount of cullet. SOLUTION: Sorted and collected bottles and cans are received at a waste receiving installation 10, conveyed by a conveyance device body 18, stored at the area of three- dimensional storage facilities 20 and conveyed to a sorting installation 30 for the bottles and cans at any proper time according to the instructions of a controller. At the sorting installation 30, the waste is carried out of the facilities 20 and the cullet sticking to waste bags, and the like, is removed by a cullet preremoving device 32. After that, the waste bags are broken by a bag breaker 33 to take out the bottles and cans. Further, the cullet produced during breaking the waste bags with the help of the bag breaker 33 is again received using a cullet removing device 34 and the bottles and cans are sorted out. Sorting out the bottles and cans is carried out based on the material of the can, the size of the bottle and the color. After sorting, the categorized waste is individually packed and the packs are preserved at packed waste storage facilities 60 according to necessity. The categorized packed waste is conveyed to plants for utilizing the waste as resources by category of use applications. As described above, the facilities for utilizing the waste as resources are provided.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method of recycling wastes for storing and selecting bottles, cans and the like in general wastes, industrial wastes and the like, and a resource recycling facility therefor.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art General and industrial wastes include:
In addition to waste plastic (plastic waste), bottles,
Although waste such as cans exists, especially waste such as bottles and cans is separated from waste plastic and put into a garbage bag and disposed at a predetermined place. Garbage bags such as bottles and cans are collected.

[0003] The garbage bags and cans collected by the collection vehicle are conveyed to a waste storage facility, and then carried into a resource recycling facility from the waste storage facility, where the bottles and cans are sorted.

Conventionally, in order to reduce the area of waste storage on the ground, a waste storage facility has conventionally disposed a garbage bag 102 containing bottles, cans and the like carried by a collection vehicle 101 as shown in FIG. It is stored in a large underground storage facility (pit) 103 for temporary storage.

In this storage facility, a hoisting crane facility 1
By using the club bucket 105 suspended from the ground 04, the garbage bag 102 is grabbed from the large underground storage facility 103, loaded on the transport facility 106 on the ground, a vehicle, etc., carried into a separate resource recycling facility, and recycled. Is performed.

In this resource recycling facility, a bag breaking machine for breaking a garbage bag 102 containing bottles and cans to be carried in, and a cullet for removing broken cullets from bottles and cans after the bag breaking. A removing device and a sorting device for sorting bottles and cans after removing the cullet are provided.

[0007]

However, the following problems have been pointed out in the above-mentioned waste storage facilities and resource recycling facilities.

(1) When the collection vehicle collects garbage bags,
At the time of the collection, not only the bottles and the like in the garbage bag are already cracked, but also the collected garbage bag 102 falls into the large underground storage facility (pit) 103 and is stored. Further hoisting crane equipment 10
Garbage bag 102 with a club bucket 105 suspended from
Also, there is a problem that a considerable amount of bottles are broken at the time of grabbing or transferring to a transport facility 106 or a transport vehicle (not shown), and the efficiency of resource recycling is significantly reduced.

(2) When a garbage bag 102 such as a bottle or a can containing many cracks as described above is carried into a resource recycling facility, the receiving conveyor or a bag breaking machine for breaking the garbage bag 102 ( (Not shown) is affected by the cullet, which is a crack in the bottle, causing various troubles and scattering around the receiving conveyor and the bag breaker, so that the working environment is not a favorable situation.

(3) Further, after breaking the sack bag 102 with a bag breaking machine, cullet removal and sorting of bottles and cans are performed by a cullet removing device and a sorting device. However, there is a problem that cullet is still attached.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides a method and a facility for recycling waste, in which bottles and cans are stored three-dimensionally with little cullet and the efficiency of resource recycling is improved. It is in.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a method and a facility for recycling waste, which accurately remove cullets such as bottles and ensure the safety of each functional device and workers. It is in.

[0013]

Means for Solving the Problems (1) In order to solve the above problems, wastes such as bottles and cans and waste plastics which are separated and collected according to a predetermined flow and conveyed to a resource recycling base are recycled. The method of recycling, wherein the bottles, cans and other wastes to be carried in and the waste plastics are
A storage step of sequentially storing in a height direction of a predetermined area, a first bag breaking step of breaking the garbage bags containing the bottles and cans which are respectively conveyed to different routes after the storage, and the waste plastics A second bag breaking step of breaking a garbage bag containing therein, and a cullet removing step for removing cullet, which is provided on at least a post-process side of the steps before and after the first bag breaking step. is there.

According to the present invention, by storing the waste plastic such as bottles and cans and the waste plastic sequentially in the height direction of a predetermined area, the storage step is performed when necessary. From each container, carry them out to different routes, and break the garbage bags containing the bottles and cans and the garbage bags containing the waste plastic. Especially, the bottles and cans adhere to the garbage bags before breaking. By removing the cullet in the cullet removal step, and further removing the cullet caused by the bag breaking after the bag breaking, it is possible to accurately remove the cullet and eliminate the influence of the cullet. It is possible to ensure worker safety.

(2) The method of recycling wastes such as bottles and cans according to the present invention is a method of receiving and packing non-compressed wastes such as bottles and cans which are carried directly after storage in a yard or by a separate collection vehicle. This is a method provided with a step and a storing step of sequentially storing wastes such as received bottles and cans in the height direction of each predetermined area while transporting wastes such as received bottles and cans in the receiving step.

According to the present invention, wastes such as bottles, cans and the like, which are carried directly after storage in a yard or by a separate collection vehicle, are received and packed in an uncompressed state by the above method, and the height of each predetermined area is increased. , The bottles and cans can be stored three-dimensionally with little cullet, and the efficiency of resource recycling can be improved.

(3) The present invention relates to a waste resource recycling facility for recycling waste and waste plastic such as bottles and cans that are separately collected and carried in according to a predetermined flow. A receiving facility for receiving waste such as cans and waste plastics through corresponding receiving yards, a plurality of bottles, a storage area for cans, and a plurality of storage areas for waste plastic are provided along a transport line, and each storage area is provided. Three-dimensional storage facility in which a plurality of shelves are connected in the height direction of the storage area, and the receiving area where the receiving bottle, cans and other waste and waste plastic are individually transported along the transport line, respectively. , A first bag-breaking machine for breaking the garbage bags containing the bottles and cans carried out by the transfer device, and a waste plastic container. The second to break the garbage bag inside
And a cullet removing device that is provided at least on the subsequent side before and after the first bag breaking machine and removes cullet.

According to the present invention having the above construction, waste such as bottles and cans and waste plastics are received through the corresponding receiving yards, and are sequentially stored on the respective shelves of the corresponding storage area of the three-dimensional storage facility. So that many types of waste can be centrally stored and managed,
In addition, wastes such as bottles and cans and waste plastics are carried out from the three-dimensional storage facility and supplied to the sorting device. Before being supplied to the sorting device, the garbage bags containing the bottles and cans are firstly broken. The bag is broken by the bag machine, and the garbage bag containing the waste plastic is broken by the second bag breaking machine. In particular, for bottles and cans, the garbage bag is placed in front of the first bag breaking machine. It is possible to remove the cullet properly by removing the cullet adhering thereto and also removing the cullet caused by the rupture of the bag after the rupture of the bag, and to eliminate the influence of the cullet. It is possible to ensure safety.

(4) The waste recycling facility for recycling waste such as bottles and cans according to the present invention passes through the yard for receiving waste such as bottles and cans directly stored in a yard or directly carried by a separate collection vehicle. A receiving facility, a plurality of storage areas for bottles and cans provided along a transport line, and a three-dimensional storage facility in which a plurality of shelves are arranged in a height direction of the storage area; And a transport device for storing the same waste on a designated shelf while transporting the same along the transport line.

According to the present invention having the above structure, wastes such as bottles and cans to be carried in are sequentially stored in the height direction of each predetermined area while receiving and transporting the waste. Since bottles and cans can be stored three-dimensionally, the efficiency of resource recycling can be increased.
Waste such as cans can be stored efficiently.

[0021]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a process chart for explaining a resource recycling method for realizing a waste resource recycling facility according to the present invention.

In general, the recycling of wastes differs in the form of separate collection (predetermined flow) according to the rules set by each local government. For example, mixed waste of bottles, cans, PET bottles and waste plastic (plastic including PET bottles) And waste plastic (excluding PET bottles) and bottles, cans and PET bottles, and waste plastic (excluding PET bottles) when collected separately. May be collected separately. Therefore, since waste plastic is separated into bottles and cans according to a predetermined flow, waste plastic is particularly irrespective of whether it has a compression function or not.
At least, the garbage bags containing the bottles and cans (which may include PET bottles) are collected by a similar packer or non-compressible garbage truck. The vehicle is similarly transported to the resource-recycling facility while maintaining the shape at the time of collection.

The waste plastic contains a mixture of a solid plastic and a film plastic, and the solid plastic includes a plastic bottle and a plastic solid. Most of plastic bottles are so-called PET bottles made of PET. Examples of the solid plastic include hard plastic products such as a plastic case in addition to other bottles. On the other hand, film-based plastics include film-shaped plastics such as garbage bags for packaging, tray-based plastics, and the like.

Therefore, when the above-mentioned waste is separated and carried into, for example, bottles, cans, and waste plastics including PET bottles, the receiving step 1 is divided into areas.
Accepting by This receiving step 1 is desirably set in an adjacent area from the viewpoint of effective use of space. However, in the case of only bottles and cans, only the area dedicated to bottles and cans shall be used.

Among the wastes received in the receiving step 1, bottles and cans with or without garbage bags are stored in storage containers set in predetermined receiving facilities of the recycling facility, or collected vehicles. Is stored in a storage container at the time of collection, and is immediately transferred to and stored in the storage step 2 after being received.

In the case of waste plastic, it is compressed at a required compression ratio in a compression step 3 provided with a compression device, packed in a storage container, and transferred to a storage step 2. The bulk specific gravity of the waste plastic is as small as about 0.05 (m ³ / ton). For example, when 40 tons of waste plastic is directly loaded into a storage facility and stored uniformly at a height of 1 m, 80 tons are required.
A storage area of 0 m ² (for example, 20 m × 40 m) is required. As a guide for the compression, simple compression is performed until the bulk specific gravity becomes about 0.15 (m ³ / ton). It goes without saying that the compression ratio can be changed as appropriate. By compressing the waste plastic, the space of the receiving storage facility can be reduced to about one third of the conventional area.

In the storage step 2, the received storage container is transported by a transport device, and is stored in a designated shelf in a three-dimensional storage facility which is divided into a predetermined area and has a plurality of shelves connected in the height direction. This three-dimensional storage facility is divided into a bottle and can storage area and a waste plastic storage area.
When only bottles and cans are used, the entire three-dimensional storage facility becomes a storage area for bottles and cans, and stores them on the corresponding shelves for a necessary period.

After being stored in the three-dimensional storage facility, garbage bags such as bottles and cans carried out by the transport device in accordance with instructions from the controller may have cullet due to cracks on the garbage bags. After removing the attached cullet in the pre-cullet removing step 4, the garbage bag is broken in the bag breaking step 5. After breaking the garbage bag in this bag breaking step 5,
The cullet is removed again in the cullet removing step 4b.
The process proceeds to the sorting step 6 for cans. On the other hand, in the case of the waste plastic carried out from the three-dimensional storage facility, after the garbage bag is broken in the bag breaking step 5, the process proceeds to the waste plastic sorting step 7.

The sorting step 6 for bottles and cans includes, for example, an iron sorting step 6a for adsorbing a steel can by a magnetic sorting device and taking it out in a predetermined direction, and a bottle and an aluminum can remaining after sorting in the iron sorting step 6a. For example, in the case of aluminum cans that are relatively light due to the wind force generated by a wind separation device, such as aluminum cans, for example, PET bottles and other plastics contained in bottles and cans, a wind separation step 6 for separating the plastics.
b, an aluminum sorting step 6c for optically sorting aluminum cans after the wind sorting, a size sorting step 6d for sorting the bottles sorted by the wind sorting step 6b, and the size-sorted bottles. And a color sorting step 6e for performing color sorting by optical means.

On the other hand, in the case of waste plastic carried out from the three-dimensional storage facility, it is supplied to the bag breaking step 5 and the sorting step 7. In the bag-breaking step 5, a bag-breaking machine is used which breaks the packaging waste bag containing the supplied waste plastic to drop only the waste plastic. In the sorting step 7, a sorting machine is used to sort the solid plastic and the film plastic.

As the sorting device, a swing type sorting device or a wind sorting device is used. The oscillating type sorting apparatus is provided with an oscillating plate arranged at an inclination of a predetermined angle, and the waste plastic on the oscillating plate is separated from the solid plastic and the film plastic by a difference in repulsion force. It is a device that separates Furthermore, according to the apparatus provided with the sieve holes in the plate, due to the sieving effect of the sieve holes,
Small-diameter plastic foreign matter is also separated. Only the PET bottle may be further separated from the selected solid plastic.

The wind separation device supplies waste plastic into a container (tower), and jets an air flow upward from below the container to form a film-type plastic on the light-weight side and a solid-type plastic on the heavy side. It is a device that separates.

The bottles, cans, and waste plastics separated in the sorting steps 6 and 7 as described above are packed in the packing step 8 and then transported to a resource recycling plant according to purpose, or the packed goods storing step. At 9, it is temporarily stored in a storage facility, and then transported to a recycling plant by purpose.

Therefore, according to the above-mentioned method for recycling wastes, bottles and cans with or without garbage bags are transported by a collection vehicle without compression and received and transported in the receiving step 1. By storing a plurality of shelves in a three-dimensional storage facility in a row in the height direction for each predetermined area, bottle cracks can be stored in a very small state, thereby increasing the efficiency of resource recycling. And a larger amount of bottles and cans can be stored than before. On the other hand, bottles, cans, etc. are received and transported and stored as they are. In the case of waste plastics, they are transported from the collection truck, compressed in the receiving process, and stored on shelves that run in the height direction of the three-dimensional storage facility that is the storing process 2. Then, a large amount of waste plastic can be stored with a small floor space.

Further, after the bottles and cans are stored in the three-dimensional storage facility, the cullet adhering to the garbage bags or the like is removed in the pre-cullet removing step 4a, and the garbage bags are broken in the bag breaking step 5 to remove the bottles and cans from the garbage bags. The cullet is then removed again in the cullet removing step 4b, so that the cullet of the bottle damaged at the time of bag breaking is removed again. For example, when the cullet is conveyed from a collection vehicle, or as in the conventional large underground storage facility (pit) The cullet can be reliably removed even when the garbage is taken out of the yard which is an appropriate place including the yard, and troubles of various devices used in each step can be prevented beforehand, and work safety can be secured.

Further, if each type of waste is received and stored / sorted at one site, various types of waste can be intensively resource-managed and workability with respect to the entire waste can be improved. In addition, the operating rate for resource utilization can be improved.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a waste resource recycling facility according to the present invention.

The waste recycling facility includes a receiving facility 10 for receiving and transporting waste collected and carried by a collection vehicle to the facility of the present invention, and a garbage bag among the waste received by the receiving facility 10. Bottles containing cans, bottles without cans and garbage bags, bottles that are stored separately in waste plastics including cans and PET bottles, storage areas for cans Ca and storage areas for waste plastics Cb
, A three-dimensional storage facility 20 for temporarily storing bottles, cans and waste plastics, and the bottles, cans and waste plastics stored in the three-dimensional storage facility 20 are separately carried out and used as resources. Bottle, can sorting equipment 30 and waste plastic sorting equipment 40 for sorting in a possible state, and packing machine 50 for packing the resources sorted by the sorting equipment 40
And a three-dimensional package storage device 60 for storing the package, if necessary, among the packaged products packed with waste plastic including bottles and cans.

In the case of a resource recycling facility that recycles only bottles and cans, all three-dimensional storage facilities 20 are only bottle and can storage areas Ca. In this case, the waste plastic sorting facility 4 is used.
0 becomes unnecessary.

Next, each facility will be described.

In the receiving facility 10, for example, a receiving area for bottles and cans and a receiving area for waste plastic are arranged adjacent to each other. For example, a receiving berth 12a for receiving, for example, two collection vehicles 11a in the receiving area for bottles and cans. Is secured,
On the other hand, for example, three collection vehicles 1
A receiving berth 12b for receiving 1b is secured.

Behind the collection vehicle 11a stopped at the receiving berth 12a, for example, a small storage container 13a serving as a storage container is set corresponding to each collection vehicle 11a, and is lowered from the collection vehicle 11a. Bottles and cans are stored in the storage container 13a. When the collection vehicle 11a carries the bottles and cans in a container corresponding to the storage container 13a of a predetermined size in advance, the storage container 13a may not be set in the receiving berth 12a.

Behind the fixed position of the collection vehicle 11b stopped at the other receiving berth 12b, for example, a large storage container 1 serving as a storage container corresponding to each collection vehicle 11b.
3b is set, and the waste plastic carried in from each collection vehicle 11b can be packed. These storage containers 13a and 13b are formed in a box shape using, for example, a plastic material. The size of the storage container 13a is, for example, 2 m in length and width, and 2 m in depth, and the size of the storage container 13b is, for example, vertical and Those having a size of 2 m in width and 4 m in depth, that is, those having a depth size almost twice as large are used. The storage container 13a may be the same size as the storage container 13b, but since the bottle is relatively heavy, the storage container 13a for storing waste plastic is used.
It is desirable to have a smaller size than b.

As shown in FIG. 3, the storage containers 13a and 13b are provided with lids of a pivoting type at the upper end side or a retractable opening / closing type which is closed along the container entrance guide groove from the direction shown by the arrow (a) in FIG. A body 14a, 14b is provided. A lid may be provided on the opposite side of the container as needed.

Between the collection wheel 11b and the storage container 13b, a screw-type compressor attached to, for example, a packer truck or the like and other conventionally known compressors 15 are arranged only when compression is required again. The compressor 15 is not always required when the waste plastic is already compressed by wrapping or lashing using a string, or when the compression of the collection wheel 11b is sufficient.

When the compressor 15 is provided,
The waste plastic carried in from the collection vehicle 11b is packed in the large storage container 13b while being compressed by the compressor 15, and when the required amount is stored, the lid 14b is closed and packed in a transport controller (not shown). Send a completion instruction.

Further, the receiving facility 10 is provided with a transfer device for transferring and storing the storage containers 13a and 13b to be stored. This transport device is, for example, two lower guide rails 16 and a ceiling side, which are located near the rear side of the storage container and laid on the floor side so as to extend in a direction orthogonal to the direction of packing waste plastic. For example, one upper guide rail 17 installed in the space is disposed, and the storage containers 13a and 13b are transported between the guide rails 16 and 17 and stored in a required area of a required three-dimensional storage facility 20. The apparatus main body 18 is provided so as to be able to run.

The transfer device main body 18 has two arched pillars 18a erected at predetermined intervals so as to straddle between the guide rails 16 and 17, respectively, and is hung between the two arched pillars 18a. A table 18b which is passed and is movable in the ascending / descending direction and the reciprocating direction (container storage direction);
A driving source (not shown) such as a motor, which is rotatably fitted to at least one bottom of the arch-shaped support 18a and the lower guide rail 16 and is attached to an appropriate position on the arch-shaped support 18a. A driven wheel (not shown) that is rotatably fitted to the lower guide rail 16 at the remaining bottom of the driving wheel (not shown) and the arched column 18a, and an upper portion of the arched column 18a A rotary guide roller (not shown) provided so as to sandwich the upper guide rail 17 from both sides, and a lift for moving the table 18b in the elevating direction and the reciprocating direction, which are provided at appropriate locations on the arch-shaped support 18a. A drive source (not shown) and an advance / retreat drive source (not shown), and a transport controller for controlling the drive source and the travel drive source and for controlling the entire storage facility as described above. It is provided. Note that the transport controller is fixedly installed at another position in the facility, not the arched column 18a, and transmits and receives via an antenna installed on the arched column 18a. Select source and drive control.

In addition, this arch-shaped support 18a has
Position detection means such as a position detection sensor for detecting arrival at a predetermined position via a stopper or the like installed near a predetermined position of the lower guide rail 16 and sending it to the transport controller, and other necessary functions are provided. Note that the position detecting means can be easily realized even when optically detecting.

The three-dimensional storage facility 20 is installed on the side opposite to the receiving facility 10 side of the transport line transported by the transport device body 18 and is divided into areas having a predetermined frontage, and the vertical direction of each area. Storage containers 13a, 13
It has a three-dimensional shelf structure in which a plurality of shelves 21 necessary for storing b are formed. In other words, this three-dimensional storage facility 20
Forms an arched shelf frame member 22 at least for each area having a predetermined frontage, a horizontal member 23 that connects the upper portions of the plurality of shelf frame members 22, and a shelf formed on each adjacent shelf frame member 22. Member 24 projecting inside each area for
And a plurality of shelves 21 are formed in a row in the vertical and horizontal directions.

In the three-dimensional storage facility 20, the transfer device main body 18 is controlled by the transfer controller under the instruction of the transfer controller.
Alternatively, 13b is transported and stored on a shelf in a required area.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of the storage facility 20 when the storage facility 20 is viewed from the front.
1, storage containers 13a, 13b on table 18b
The example when storing is shown.

When receiving a container unloading instruction from the transfer controller under the designation of a shelf, the transfer device main body 18 takes out the storage containers 13a and 13b from the corresponding shelf 21 and places the bottles,
It is conveyed to the can sorting equipment 30 or the waste plastic sorting equipment 40.

The bottle / can sorting equipment 30 receives the bottle / can storage container 13a passed from the table 18b of the transfer device main body 18, opens the lid, and opens the storage container 13a.
Is provided with a cradle 31 that outputs bottles and cans with and without a garbage bag by inclining the garbage bag, and a rocking plate having a large number of sieve holes of an appropriate size, for example. By oscillating, the pre-culet removing device 32 removes cullet, which is a broken piece of a bottle, attached to a garbage bag or the like of a bottle received from the receiving table 31, and a pre-cullet removing device 32 Mixed bottles with and without garbage bags, receive cans,
Breaking garbage bags For example, a bag breaking machine as described below (see Fig. 6)
33 and a cullet removing device 34 for removing cullets caused by breakage at the time of bag breaking by the bag breaking machine 33. Like the pre-cullet removing device 32, the cullet removing device 34 also removes cullet by sieving by rocking a rocking plate having a large number of sieve holes. As these cullet removing devices 32 and 34, conventionally known devices having a cullet removing function are used.

Further, the bottle / can sorting equipment 30 includes a magnetic sorting device 35 for adsorbing, for example, a steel can among the bottles and cans after cullet removal, and carrying out and removing the steel can in a required direction.
For example, a plurality of different types of the light-weight sorting device 36 for extracting aluminum cans, plastics, and the like, which are lightweight materials, from the bottles and cans after sorting by the magnetic sorting device 35 and the light-weight materials sorted by the wind sorting device 36. When there is waste such as aluminum cans or PET bottles, the sorting device 37 further sorts the aluminum cans using reflected light or the like.
A sizing / sorting device 38 for sieving the bottles after sorting by the wind force sorting device 37 and sieving, and a color / sorting device 39, 39 for color-sorting each of the sized bottles using light or the like. …. If these sorting devices 35 to 39 are set at a predetermined height in advance, they can be packed in a transport container as they are after sorting. In addition, it is naturally possible to add or remove a sorting device depending on the type of waste.

On the other hand, the waste plastic sorting equipment 40 includes a sorting transporting device 41 for receiving the large storage container 13b passed from the transporting device main body 18 and transporting it in a predetermined direction, a bag breaking machine 42 for breaking the garbage bags for packaging, and a sorting machine. It is composed of a device 43 and the like.
That is, the transport device main body 18 takes out the large storage container 13b from the storage facility 20, transports the large storage container 13b in the illustrated arrow (b) direction shown in FIG. After setting the table 18b at the predetermined height position, the storage container 13b is moved by the operation of the advance / retreat drive source so as to be pushed out in the direction of the arrow (c) in the table, ie, forward, and set slightly lower than the table 18b. To the sorting / conveying device 41 that moves in the direction of the arrow (2) shown in FIG. The sorting / conveying device 41 serves to guide the storage container 13b to a bag breaking machine 42 that breaks the garbage bag for packaging. When the storage container 13b reaches a predetermined position, the lid 14b is opened, Desirably, the waste plastic in the storage container 13b is supplied to the bag breaker 42 by, for example, tilting at an appropriate tilt angle after stopping at a predetermined position.

As shown in FIG. 6, the bag breaking machine 42 is located substantially directly below the downstream end of the sorting / conveying device 41, and has a rotating body 42b projecting a protruding blade 42a on the surface thereof, and a surface of the rotating body 42b. Extends in the rotational direction with a predetermined gap from
In addition, a slit forming body 42c that is disposed at an appropriate interval in the rotation axis direction and forms a slit for dropping waste plastic.
When the waste plastic supplied from the conveyance device 41 enters between the rotating body 42b and the slit forming body 42c, the waste plastic inside the waste plastic is broken by the protruding blade 42a to tear the garbage bag. It has the function of letting you fall outside.

The bag breaking machine 42 shown in FIG. 6 has been shown as an example for promoting understanding, and is not limited to this configuration. Needless to say, a bag breaker 42 is not required for collecting waste plastic without any garbage bags.

The sorting device 43 sorts waste plastic after passing through the bag-breaking machine so as to be suitable for reprocessing in a reprocessing system or a recycling plant, which means that the area occupied in the storage facility is reduced. A rocking sorting device is disposed almost directly below the bag breaking machine 42, and has, for example, a vertical multi-stage type as shown in FIG.

The configuration of each stage of this multi-stage swing sorting apparatus is as follows:
A swing generation source 43a that performs a predetermined circular locus, for example, a circular motion as shown by an arrow (e) in the figure, and a circle of the swing generation source 43a that is movably supported by a shaft of the swing generation source 43a. A swing plate 43b is provided at both ends of the swing plate 43b so as to be able to swing up and down in accordance with the movement, and a guide member 43c for guiding the waste plastic selected by the swing plate 43b in a predetermined direction.

This sorting device uses a swinging motion of the swinging plate 43b in accordance with the circular motion of the swinging source 43a, so that a relatively heavy material, for example, bottle plastic, among the waste plastics after passing through the bag breaking machine is illustrated. It has the function of moving it to the lower left side and sorting relatively light materials such as film plastics while moving it to the upper right side in the figure, and has a multi-stage arrangement to save space and improve efficiency. Is to be sorted out.

A plurality of sieve holes 43d for removing foreign matter are formed near the center of each rocking plate 43b.
During the swinging of the filter, for example, glass waste etc. contained in the waste plastic is screened through the sieve hole 43d to be sorted and guided between the lower guide members 43e-43e.

As another sorting device, for example, FIG.
A wind-type sorting device as shown in FIG. For waste plastic supplied from the carrier or the bag breaker 42,
A required amount of air is blown from the blowing port 43f formed in the lateral direction, and the blowing port 4 is sandwiched between the guide members 43g.
In this configuration, a relatively heavy material, for example, plastic bottles is lowered toward the side close to 3f, and a relatively light material, for example, plastic films is dropped to the side far from the blowing port 43f.

Further, as described above, bottle plastics and film plastics are selected by using the sorter 43, and as shown in FIG. 2, the heavy plastic transport route 43h including the bottles and the light plastics are used. Divided into a certain film plastic transportation route 43i,
A configuration in which the material is transported to a required place, and finally separated into PET-based plastics and film-based plastics including bottles other than the PET bottles by a manual sorting operation, and guided to a packing machine 50 installed in a corresponding packing process 8. It has become.

As the packing machine 50, a commonly used packing machine, that is, a PET bottle packing machine which can be compressed and fastened or another plastic packing machine is used.

The packaged goods storage facility 60 has a three-dimensional shelf structure similar to the storage facility 20 described above, and is located below the sorting facility 40 that conveys the packed goods packed by the bottle and can sorting facility packing machine 50. And a package conveyor such as a crane that lifts and conveys a belt conveyer or a packaged article between predetermined positions provided on the table 1 of the conveying apparatus body 18 stopped at a predetermined position from the belt conveyer or the crane.
8b and temporarily stored on the designated shelf of the package storage facility 60.

Next, the operation of the waste recycling facility described above will be described.

First, in the initial state, the transport controller takes in the container presence / absence information from, for example, the container presence / absence confirmation means of the optical system provided for each shelf 21 constituting the three-dimensional storage facility 20. It is determined whether or not the storage containers 13a and 13b are present on the shelf 21. Further, the transport controller may store the storage containers 13 on the respective shelves 21 in any order by, for example, a sequence program.
The storage containers 13a and 13b are operated based on an operation schedule such as whether the storage containers 13a and 13b are stored or in which order the storage containers 13a and 13b are stored.

In the above state, the collection vehicle 11a collecting bottles and cans and the collection vehicle 11b collecting waste plastics
Arrives at a predetermined position of the receiving facility 10, the storage containers 13a and 13b are on standby with the lid open, and the collection vehicle 11
a, when a required amount of bottles and cans are stored in the storage container 13a, or when the collection vehicle 11
b is packed into the storage container 13b while being compressed by the compressor 15, and the storage container 1
When a required amount of waste plastic is stored in 3b, the lids 14a and 14b are closed, and a packing completion instruction is sent to the transport controller.

Here, the transfer controller gives the transfer device main body 18 instruction data on which shelf 21 of the three-dimensional storage facility 20 to store from which receiving portion based on a predetermined order. This transfer device main body 18
When the vehicle travels along the guide rails 16 and 17 under the operation of the traveling drive source and arrives at the receiving portion of the receiving facility 10, the arrival at a predetermined position is detected via a stopper or the like installed at the receiving portion. Send it to the transport controller. Here, the transport controller issues an instruction to the elevation drive source, sets the table 18b at a predetermined height position, and issues an instruction to the storage direction advance / retreat drive source.
b is moved forward, scooped up from the lower side of the storage containers 13a, 13b, and retracted to a predetermined position.

Thereafter, the transport device main body 18 travels to the required shelf position along the guide rails 16 and 17 and stops under the operation of the travel drive source. Subsequently, the table 18b is set at the height of the corresponding shelf 21 under the operation of the elevation drive source, and the bottle, can storage area or waste plastic storage is operated under the operation of the storage direction advance / retreat drive source. The storage containers 13a and 13b are stored in the designated shelf 21 in the area (see FIG. 4). In this case, the table 18b is stored in the shelf 21 at a slightly higher position than the shelf position, and is slightly lowered when the table 18b is stored to the predetermined position.
a or 13b is stored.

Thereafter, the shelf 2 from the transport controller
Upon receiving an instruction to remove one of the storage containers 13a and 13b, the transport device main body 18 travels to the corresponding shelf 21, and
In the same manner as described above, the storage containers 13a and 13b are lifted up from the shelf 21 and receded to a predetermined position under the operation of the drive source for raising and lowering and the drive source for moving in and out of the storage direction. If the container 13a is a bottle,
It is conveyed to the can selection area 30a side, and if it is a storage container 13b made of waste plastic or the like, as shown in FIG. 5, it is conveyed in the direction shown by the arrow (b) and stops at a predetermined fixed position. Then, after the table 18b is set at a predetermined height position by the operation of the lifting drive source, the storage container 13a on the table 18b is placed on the receiving table 31 or the second sorting / conveying device 41.

Receiving stand 31 receiving small storage container 13a for bottles and cans from table 18b of transfer device main body 18.
After the storage container 13a is opened, the bottle and the can are taken out of the container by tilting after being opened and supplied to the pre-culet removing device 32, where the cullet, which is a broken piece of the bottle attached to the bottle, the garbage bag of the can, is removed. Then, it is supplied to the bag breaking machine 40 shown in FIG. This bag breaking machine 40 takes in a bottle, a can, and the like between the rotating body 42b and the slit forming body 42c, and rotates the rotating body 42b.
The dust bag is broken by a protruding blade 42a protruding to the side so as to tear it apart, and a bottle,
The waste plastics other than cans, garbage bags and garbage bags are dropped and supplied to the next cullet removing device 34. Also in the cullet removing device 34, the cullet is removed by sieving by rocking a rocking plate having a large number of sieve holes.

After the cullet is removed by the cullet removing device 34, the bottles and cans are sorted into various sort steps 6a, which are sort steps 6.
Sorting is performed sequentially using the sorting devices 35 to 39 used in ６ to 6e.

That is, of the bottles and cans from which the cullet has been removed, the steel cans are adsorbed by using, for example, the magnetic sorting device 35, carried out in a required direction, and separated from the steel cans.
The remaining bottles, cans, etc. after the magnetic attraction by, are blown out from the bottles, cans, etc., lightweight aluminum cans, plastics, etc. from the bottles, cans, etc. to the side of the transport path by the wind separator 36.
Further, the aluminum cans are optically selected from the blown-out aluminum cans and plastics by an aluminum sorting device 37 and stored in a required transport container.

After the cans are separated as described above, the remaining bottles are led to a size sorting / selecting device 38, where they are sieved to carry out bottle size sorting. The sized bottles are guided to color sorting devices 39 and 39, respectively, and stored in required containers while being colored based on the reflected light of the bottles.

On the other hand, the table 18b of the transfer device main body 18
Receives the large storage container 13b for waste plastic from the sorting container 41, and transports the received storage container 13b to a bag breaking machine 42 that breaks the garbage bag for packaging.
The waste plastic in 3b is supplied to the bag breaking machine 42.

The bag breaking machine 42 takes in the waste plastic falling from the downstream end of the sorting / conveying device 41 between the rotating body 42b and the slit forming body 42c, and removes the waste plastic from the rotating body 42b.
The dust bag is broken by the protruding blade 42a protruding to the side, so that the dust bag and waste plastic other than the dust bag are dropped from between the adjacent slit forming bodies 42c and guided to the multi-stage swing sorter 43.

In this multi-stage swing sorter 43, as shown in FIG. 7, the swing plate 43 associated with the circular movement of the swing source 43a.
By the swing operation of b, among the waste plastics after passing through the bag breaking machine, relatively heavy bottle plastics are moved to the lower left side in the figure, and relatively light film plastics are moved to the upper right side in the figure. While sorting. The waste plastics selected here are transported by a high-weight plastic transportation route 43h including bottles and a film-based plastic transportation route 4 which is a light-weight plastic.
3i and transported to a required place. Here, the waste plastic conveyed by the high-weight plastic conveyance route 43h includes not only bottles but also solid plastics and plastics. Therefore, by manual sorting work, plastic foreign substances (for example, plastics other than plastics, Metal materials, toys, bags, etc.) are excluded, but the remaining bottle plastics include PET bottle plastic and bottles other than PET bottles, so they are sorted by hand sorting or image recognition or other automatic sorting means. P
Bottles other than ET bottles and other necessary plastics are merged into the film-based plastic transport route 43i,
It is separated into a PET bottle system and a film system and transported to the corresponding packing machine 50 respectively.

In these packing machines, each route 43
h, 43i, the waste plastic conveyed by sorting is conveyed from all sides, compressed by a string or the like, and packed to produce a packed product. A part or all of the package is transported by a belt conveyor or a crane, transferred to the table 18b of the transport device main body 18 stopped at a predetermined position, and temporarily stored in a designated shelf of the package storage facility 60.

Therefore, according to the above-described embodiment, the bottles and cans are collected and carried in a non-compressed state, stored in the storage container 13a without being compressed by the receiving facility 10, and are stored in predetermined areas. By storing in a three-dimensional storage facility 20 which is divided and has a plurality of stages of shelves 21 in the height direction of each area, a large amount of bottles and cans are stored as compared with the conventional case. In addition, bottles and cans can be stored three-dimensionally with little cullet, and the efficiency of resource recycling can be improved.

When the three-dimensional storage facility 20 is divided into a storage area for bottles and cans and a storage area for waste plastic, most of the recyclable waste is received at one facility and concentrated.・ Management of sorting, etc. can be performed, and a plurality of shelves 21,... Are formed in the height direction of each area, and stored in a stacking manner in the height direction sequentially. It can store things.

When storing the waste plastic, the compressor 15 is disposed in front of the storage container 13b,
The waste plastic brought in from is compressed by the compressor 15,
Since the storage container 13b is packed, a much larger amount of waste plastic can be stored than before, including storage by the three-dimensional storage facility 20.

[0085] By the way, in the conventional storage facilities, waste plastics collected by the collection vehicles from the fact that for storing in a state in which spread to the storage yard, waste plastics can only reservoir 1m ³ per 0.05 tons. As a result, for example, when 40 tons of waste plastics are carried in, even if they are uniformly stored at a height of 1 m, a floor storage area of 800 m ² (for example, 20 m × 40 m) is required. On the other hand, in the storage facility according to the present invention, a simple compressor 15 is arranged in front of the storage container 13b, and is packed while being compressed in the storage container 13b.
^Since about 0.15 tons can be stored per ³ tanks, and then stored in the three-dimensional storage facility 20, as shown in FIG. The area can be reduced to the receiving storage yard (g). In addition, since the storage container 13b is packed with waste plastic and arranged in a shelf, it is excellent in terms of hygiene and environment.

Further, as the sorting equipment 30 for bottles and cans,
The pre-culet removing device 32 removes the cullet which is already damaged and attached to the garbage bag from the bottles, cans and the like carried out from the three-dimensional storage facility 20, and further, after the garbage bag is broken by the bag breaking machine 42, the cullet. Since the cullet generated at the time of bag breakage is removed by the removing device 34 and supplied to various sorters on the downstream side, the influence of the cullet which is a crack of the bottle is reduced, and troubles for each device can be avoided beforehand, and the working environment Safety can be ensured.

Further, in the bottle / can sorting equipment 30, since the bottles and cans are sorted by material, size, color and the like during a series of transportation, sorting can be performed very efficiently, and special It can be brought to the resource recycling plant as it is without the need for work and can be recycled.

Further, all or a part of the sorted and packed package is stored in the package storage facility 60, and can be transported to the resource factory when necessary. Can be planned and the efficiency of transport from the facility to the outside can be increased.

Further, by providing the sorting equipment 30 for bottles and cans and the sorting equipment 40 for waste plastics, a considerable amount of waste separated and collected by the local government can be turned into a resource. By improving the efficiency, it is possible to improve the work efficiency and the operation rate.

In the above-described embodiment, the three-dimensional storage facility 20 has a fixed-type shelf 21 divided into areas necessary for storing the storage containers 13a and 13b. As shown in the figure, a table 72 is attached at predetermined intervals to a pair of endless transport belts 71, and when the table 72 reaches a lowermost predetermined point and there is no storage container, a chain, a belt or the like other transport device main body 18 is used. , The storage container 13b is stored on the table 72, and when the storage container 13b reaches the uppermost predetermined point, the storage container 13b can be transferred to the drive chain or other transfer device 41 so that the storage container 13b can be transferred to the bag breaking machine 42 smoothly. .

In this specification, “compressing and packing” is used.
This is because not only the waste plastic is pushed into the storage container as shown in the embodiment and the waste plastic including the storage container is compressed and packed, but also the compressed waste plastic is wrapped with film or compressed waste plastic. This includes all cases where the compressed waste plastic does not fall apart, such as a state in which the waste plastic is tied with a string or a wire (wire).

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, but can be implemented with various modifications without departing from the spirit of the invention. Further, the embodiments can be implemented in combination as much as possible, and in that case, the effect of the combination is obtained. Furthermore, the above embodiments include various upper and lower stage inventions.
Various inventions can be extracted by appropriately combining a plurality of disclosed components. For example, when an invention is extracted by being able to omit some constituent elements from all the constituent elements described in the embodiment, when implementing the extracted invention, the omitted part may be omitted by a well-known common technique. It is supplemented.

[0093]

As described above, according to the method of the present invention, it is possible to provide a method and a facility for recycling waste, in which bottles and cans are stored three-dimensionally with little cullet and the efficiency of recycling is improved. .

Further, the present invention can provide a resource recycling method and a resource recycling facility for accurately removing cullets such as bottles and securing the safety of each functional device and workers.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a process diagram illustrating a method for recycling waste according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram showing an embodiment of a waste resource recycling facility according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a simple compressor for packing waste into a storage container.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a positional relationship when storage containers are stored on shelves of a three-dimensional storage facility using a transfer device.

FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a transport path of a storage container taken out of a shelf of the three-dimensional storage device to a next process.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a configuration of a bag breaking machine.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a configuration of a sorting device.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing another configuration of the sorting device.

FIG. 9 is a view for explaining a magnitude relationship between floor occupied areas of the storage facility of the present invention and a conventional storage facility.

FIG. 10 is a configuration diagram showing another example of a three-dimensional storage facility.

FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a conventional waste storage facility.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Receiving process 2 ... Storage process 3 ... Compression process 4a, 4b ... Cullet removal process 5 ... Bag breaking process 6 ... Sorting process for bottles and cans 7 ... Sorting process for waste plastics 8 ... Packing process 9 ... Packing product storage process 10 ...... Receiving facilities 11a, 11b ... Collection vehicles 13a, 13b ... Storage containers 15 ... Compressors 16, 17 ... Guide rails 18 ... Conveying device main body 20 ... Three-dimensional storage facilities 21 ... Shelf 22 ... Shelf frame member 23 ... Horizontal member 24 ... Shelf member 30 ... Sorting equipment for bottles and cans 32 ... Pre-cullet removing device 33 ... Bag breaking machine 34 ... Cullet removing device 35 ... Magnetic sorting device 36 ... Wind power sorting device 38 ... Size sorting machine 39 ... Color sorting machine 40 ... Waste Sorting equipment for plastics 41 ... Conveying device 42 ... Bag breaking machine 43 ... Sorting equipment 50 ... Packing machine 60 ... Packed goods storage facility

Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat II (reference) B07B 1/28 B07B 4/00 Z 4D067 4/00 9/00 A 9/00 13/00 13/00 13/04 Z 13/04 B07C 5/342 B07C 5/342 B65G 1/04 501 B65G 1/04 501 3/00 3/00 B09B 5/00 MC QZ (72) Inventor Keishi Akiu 1-chome, Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo No. 2 Nihon Kokan Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Shigeki Yamazaki 1-1-2 Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Nihon Kokan Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Yoshiaki Nishina 1-1, Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo No. 2 Inside Nippon Kokan Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Y. Nagata 1-2-1, Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo F-term inside Nippon Kokan Co., Ltd. 3F022 EE05 EE09 FF01 JJ01 JJ09 KK01 LL05 LL32 MM01 MM22 MM26 MM35 QQ11 3F079 AD12 AD13 CA29 CA31 CA32 CB01 CB04 CB05 CB19 CB24 4D004 AA07 AA10 AA18 AA27 AA46 AC05 CA03 CA04 CA08 CA09 CB13 4D021 AB01 CA04 EA1 0 FA01 GB03 HA10 JA01 KA13 NA09 NA10 4D065 CA06 CC01 DD11 EB02 EB11 EB15 EC07 ED02 ED12 ED19 ED20 4D067 EE04 EE13 EE14 GA10 GA16 GA18

Claims (14)

[Claims] 1. A waste recycling method for recycling waste and waste plastic such as bottles and cans sorted and collected according to a predetermined flow and transported to a resource recycling base. A storage step of sequentially storing the waste and the waste plastic in the height direction of a predetermined area, and breaking the garbage bag containing the bottle and the can which are carried out along different transport lines after the storage. A first bag breaking step for bagging and a second bag breaking step for breaking the garbage bag containing the waste plastic;
And a cullet removing step for removing cullet, which is provided on at least a post-process side of processes before and after the bag breaking process. 2. A method for recycling waste, which recycles waste such as bottles and cans that are separated and collected according to a predetermined flow, wherein the wastes such as bottles and cans directly stored in a yard or directly carried by a separated collection vehicle. A receiving step of receiving and packing the non-compressed state in a non-compressed state, and a storing step of sequentially storing the received bottles, cans, and other wastes in the height direction of each predetermined area while transporting the waste in the receiving step. How to recycle waste. 3. A method for recycling waste according to claim 2, wherein a bag-breaking step of breaking a garbage bag containing waste such as bottles and cans carried out after being stored in the storage step. A cullet removing step for removing cullet, which is provided on at least a post-process side of processes before and after the bag breaking process. 4. The method for recycling resources according to claim 1, wherein the cullet removing step comprises the steps of: removing a cullet from the cullet; and sorting the cans into required types. A method for recycling waste, which is provided. 5. The step of sorting bottles and cans, wherein the cans from which the cullet has been removed are sorted into steel cans and steel cans and aluminum cans, and the bottles are sized and colored. The method for recycling waste according to claim 4. 6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the waste such as bottles and cans includes a PET bottle in accordance with a separated collection form. 7. In a waste recycling facility for recycling waste and waste plastic such as bottles and cans sorted and collected according to a predetermined flow, said waste, such as bottles and cans, and waste plastic And a plurality of storage areas for bottles and cans and a plurality of storage areas for waste plastic are provided along the transport line, and a plurality of storage areas for waste plastic are provided in the height direction of each storage area. A three-dimensional storage facility with a series of shelves, and a transporter that transports waste, cans and other wastes, and waste plastics individually in the receiving facility to the designated shelf in the corresponding storage area while individually transporting them along the transport line. A first bag-breaking machine for breaking the garbage bag containing the bottles and cans carried out by the carrier, and a bag containing the waste plastic. A second bag breaking machine for breaking bags, and a cullet removing device provided at least on the subsequent side before and after the first bag breaking machine, for removing cullets. Recycling facility. 8. A waste recycling facility for recycling waste, such as bottles and cans, sorted and collected according to a predetermined flow, and stored in a yard or directly delivered by a separate collection vehicle.
A receiving facility for receiving waste such as cans through a receiving yard, a three-dimensional storage facility provided with a plurality of storage areas for bottles and cans along a transport line, and a plurality of shelves connected in a height direction of the storage area; A waste recycling facility, comprising: a transfer device for storing waste, such as cans and cans, received in a receiving facility along a transfer line and storing the waste in designated shelves. 9. The waste according to claim 8, wherein a storage container of a predetermined size is set on the receiving yard side of the bottles and cans, and the bottles and cans are stored and packed without being compressed. Resource recycling facility. 10. The waste resource recycling facility according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the bottles, cans, and the like stored in the three-dimensional storage facility are discharged in a predetermined direction by the transport device. A bag breaking machine for breaking a garbage bag containing waste such as bottles and cans, a cullet removing device provided at least on the subsequent side before and after the bag breaking machine, and a cullet removing device; A waste recycling facility, comprising: a bottle for separating bottles and cans from which cullet has been removed according to required types; and a sorting device for cans. 11. The bottle and can sorting equipment comprises: a first sorting device for adsorbing and separating a steel can among the conveyed bottles and cans; A second sorting device for separating the bottles is provided, and the remaining bottles are discharged in a predetermined direction.
Waste recycling facility described in. 12. The bottle and can sorting equipment comprises: a first sorting device that adsorbs and separates a steel can among the bottles and cans to be conveyed; A second sorting device for separating, a third sorting device for sorting and sorting the bottles after sorting by the second sorting device, and a fourth sorting device for performing color sorting for the sized bottles. The waste recycling facility according to claim 11, wherein a waste resource recycling facility is provided. 13. The waste recycling facility according to claim 10, wherein the packing means for packing the waste sorted by the bin and can sorting equipment is divided into predetermined areas. A waste resource recycling facility, comprising: a plurality of shelves connected in a height direction; and a three-dimensional package storage facility for storing a part or all of the package packed by the packing machine. 14. The package packed by the packing machine is set on the transfer device by a belt or a crane, and stored on the shelf of the three-dimensional package storage facility by the transfer device. 13. A waste recycling facility according to item 13.