JP2002119136A - Closed experimental facility - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve a problem that a conventional closed module can adjust the volume of air flowing in the module but can not change the direction of the air flow. SOLUTION: This closed experimental facility is characterized by disposing an air supply or exhaust duct 11 and an air exhaust or supply duct 11 on a suction side and a discharge side at mutually faced positions in the closed module 1, allowing the air supply or exhaust duct 11 and the air exhaust or supply duct 11 to communicate with a blower chamber 2A having a blower 2 through flow ducts 12, 13 on discharge side and suction side, disposing check valves 51, 52, 71, 72 in the flow ducts on the suction side and the discharge side, and switching the operation of the check valves 51, 72 on one side and the operation of the check valves 52, 71 on the other side so that air flows circulated in the closed module are directed in opposite directions, respectively.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a facility for cultivating plants and breeding animals in a closed module, and more particularly to a facility in which air circulating in a closed module can flow in a plurality of directions. The present invention relates to a closed system experimental facility suitable for reproducing wind speed.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In order to investigate material circulation on the earth, there are experimental facilities for reproducing the global environment in a closed module having no material exchange with the outside and cultivating plants and breeding animals in this closed module. The inside of the closed module can be controlled by experiment conditions such as temperature, light intensity, etc., or by controlling temperature, setting pressure and lighting to a state close to natural state, etc. Various environments can be provided.

FIG. 9 shows a conventional closed-system experimental facility. The closing module 1 is composed of an enclosure, and the inside 1a of the closing module is a space in which air from the outside is prevented from entering. The inside of the closed module 1a may be constituted by a glass surface for lighting from the outside. The temperature control in the closed module 1a is performed by circulating the air in the closed module through the heat exchanger 3. A blower 2 for circulating air is installed below the floor of the closed module 1a, and air from the blower 2 is led to a heat exchanger 3 through a blow duct 4. Heat exchanger 3
Then, the temperature-controlled air is blown out of the blowout duct 5 into the closed module. The air blown into the closed module 1a is sucked from the suction duct 6 across the closed module and returns to the blower 2 again through the blow duct 4 as shown by an arrow 9.

[0004] In this way, the air in the closed module is circulated by the blower 2 in the closed module space and the duct, and the temperature is controlled to a specified state by the heat exchanger 3.
A louver 7 for rectifying the air flow in the closed module is attached to the outlet of the outlet duct 5 and the inlet of the inlet duct 6.

[0005]

In the above prior art,
The air flowing through the inside of the closed module 1a flows in a certain direction with the outlet duct 5 being on the upstream side and the suction duct 6 being on the downstream side. The flow direction of the air flowing through the closed module 1a cannot be changed. In the case of closed-type facilities that take in light from the outside, the wind direction is always constant with respect to sunlight that is inserted. To reproduce the same seasonal effect as the outside world in a closed module, it is necessary to change the wind direction together with the amount of light collected. However, in a conventional closed system, the direction of the wind passing through the closed module is constant, or when the wind direction is switched, the air volume at the time of switching decreases, and it is necessary to accurately conduct experiments on plant growth. May not be possible. In addition, as a closed system facility, the technique described in JP-A-11-334789 can be mentioned.

[0006] It is an object of the present invention to provide a closed-system experimental facility capable of circulating air having the same air volume in different directions in a closed module when switching the wind direction.

[0007]

The closed-system experimental facility of the present invention is provided with two systems of air ducts having a diagonal suction side and a discharge side via a fan in a fan room. Is switched to generate air circulation so as to flow in opposite directions in the closing module.

[0008]

1 (a) and 1 (b) show an embodiment of the present invention. The closed system module 1 has a test space on the ground 8, and the air circulation equipment such as the blower 2 and the blow ducts 12 and 13 is arranged below the ground 8. The supply / exhaust duct 11 is provided on the opposing wall of the closed module 1a.
a and 11b are installed. Supply / exhaust duct 11a, 1
A louver 7 for rectifying the air flow is attached to the air discharge port or the suction port of 1b. The supply / exhaust ducts 11a and 11b extend to the underground portion of the inside of the closed module 1a, and are connected to the discharge-side ventilation duct 12 and the suction-side ventilation duct 1.
3 is connected via a blower room 2A. The discharge-side ventilation duct 12 and the suction-side ventilation duct 13 communicate with a blower room 2A installed in the basement central part of the closed module. A blower 2 is arranged in the blower room.

The blower 2 has an impeller 14 installed in a vertical direction, a suction-side blower duct 13 connected vertically above the blower room 2A, and a discharge-side blower duct 12 below.
Is connected. The heat exchanger 3 is installed in a blower room 2 </ b> A on the discharge side of the blower 2. Opening / closing valves 51 and 52 are installed in the discharge side air duct 12 of the blower 2, and open / close valves 71 and 72 are installed in the suction side air duct 13 of the blower 2.

The on-off valves 51 and 52 installed in the discharge-side air duct 12 are connected to one of the on-off valves 51 and 52 as shown by a solid line.
Is opened, and the other on-off valve 52 is closed. The on-off valves 71 and 72 installed in the suction side ventilation duct 13 are:
One on-off valve 71 is closed, and the other on-off valve 72 is opened. When the blower 2 is operated in such an open / close state of the on-off valve, the air in the closing module 1a is guided to the blower 2 through the supply / exhaust duct 11b arranged on the right side of FIG. Through the open / close valve 51,
The air is discharged from the air supply / exhaust duct 11a provided on the left side of the closed module 1a. Air circulation occurs in the direction indicated by the solid arrow 9 in FIG.

When the on-off valve is set to the state shown by the broken line,
One of the on-off valves 51, 72 is closed, and the other on-off valve 52,
When 72 is opened, the air flow generates a circulating flow in the opposite direction as indicated above, as indicated by the dashed arrow 10.

As described above, in the blower chamber 2A, two systems of the blower duct including the discharge side blower duct 12 and the suction side blower duct 13 are formed in a diagonal line, and are arranged in one system of the blower passage so as to be arranged on the suction side. The on-off operation of the on-off valve 72 and the on-off valve 51 on the discharge side, and the on-off valve 71 on the suction side and the on-off valve 52 on the discharge side arranged in the ventilation path of another system are performed in the closing module 1a in the opposite directions. Is switched to generate the flow of That is, the on-off valves are switched in opposite directions.

The method of switching the on-off valve differs depending on the operation of the closing module. For example, in a series of experiments, the wind direction may be the same, and in a usage where all the specimens in the closing module are replaced after the experiment is completed. After the experiment, the blower 2 is stopped, and when the experiment is started again, the opening and closing of the on-off valve is set before the blower 2 is started. The opening and closing of the valve can be performed manually or electrically.

As described above, according to the embodiment of the present invention, a pair of open / close valves 51, 72 and a pair of open / close valves 52, 71 are provided in the diagonal blow ducts 12, 13 via the blower 2, respectively. Can be switched so as to open and close in opposite directions, and air circulation flows in opposite directions can be generated in the closed module 1a. Therefore, plant cultivation, animal breeding, and the like can be performed in a naturally similar wind direction.

That is, the switching of the open / close valves 51 and 72 and the close of the open / close valves 52 and 71 are only performed without lowering the output of the blower 2 in operation, and the closed module 1a The airflow flowing in opposite directions to each other is almost equal, for example, there is no temperature difference around the plant,
Since uniform environmental conditions can be set and the cultivation environment can be constantly controlled, it is possible to accurately observe the thickness, length, and the like of the plant. The fact that the air flow rates in the opposite directions are almost equal means that if the on-off valves are switched in the opposite directions, the air flow that can flow in one direction can be switched to the air flow that flows in the opposite direction. You can easily experiment with the effects on plants.

Further, since air circulation flows in opposite directions can be generated in the closed module 1a without switching the blower 2, it is possible to create a good environment for animal breeding without noise when the blower 2 is switched. At the same time, the energy consumption of the blower 2 can be reduced,
The temperature rise is small and a good environment for animal breeding and plants can be created.

Furthermore, the suction duct side and the discharge port side ventilation duct 1
Since only one blower needs to be installed in the blower room 2A communicating with the blowers 2 and 13, the size of the closed system experimental facility can be reduced. Furthermore, the blower 2 is located in the closed module 1a.
Since it is installed in the underground part, the noise of the blower 2 is hardly leaked to the ground part, and the effect on the environment can be reduced. For this purpose, the discharge side air duct 12 and the suction side air duct 13 and the blower room 2A
Must be installed underground in a closed module.

FIGS. 2 and 3 show another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of the present invention as viewed from above the inside of the closing module 1a, and FIG. 3 shows a view as viewed from the side. Blower ducts 12 and 13 that are connected to supply and exhaust ducts 11 and 15 provided on each side wall of the closed module are connected to the suction side and the discharge side of the blower installed below the floor of the closed module. In FIG. 2, supply / exhaust ducts 11 are provided on four sides of the closed module 1a.

FIG. 2 shows, by broken lines, the suction side of the blower 2 among the ducts installed under the floor. The suction side ventilation duct 13 connected to the suction side of the blower 2 is connected to the supply / exhaust duct 11 installed on each side wall of the closed module. In addition, the suction side ventilation duct 13 has a total of four on-off valves 71, 72, one in each duct.
73 and 74 are provided. The on-off valve 73 is open, but the other on-off valves are closed. For this reason, the air in the closed module is sucked into the blower 2 from the air supply / exhaust duct 15 installed on the right side wall of the closed module in FIG. In addition, the air is sucked into the blower 2 from the air supply / exhaust duct 11 installed on the left side of the closed module.

FIG. 3 is a side view of the inside 1a of the closed module. The discharge-side air duct installed below the blower 2 has the same configuration as the suction-side air duct shown in FIG. Four on-off valves 71 installed in the suction side ventilation duct
The open / close valves 51 and 72 are opened, and all others are closed. When the blower 2 is operated in this state, a wind can be generated in the closed module 1a in the direction of the arrow 9 shown in FIG. 3, that is, from left to right in the closed module 1a in FIG. Circulates in the duct as shown by.

The on-off valves 51, 72 are closed and the on-off valves 52, 7
1, the air in the closed module blows out from the right supply / exhaust duct 15 on the right side of FIG.
To generate an air flow in the closing module in a direction opposite to the direction indicated by arrow 9 in FIG.

Similarly, when the on-off valves 54 and 74 are opened and the other is closed, an air flow can be generated in a direction orthogonal to the above two directions, for example, in a direction flowing from 17 to 16 in FIG. When the on-off valves 53 and 73 are opened and the others are closed, the direction is opposite to that described above, and for example, an air flow in the direction from 16 to 17 in FIG. 2 can be generated.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, a total of 8
There is an effect that air flow in four directions can be generated in the closing module by opening and closing the on-off valves.

FIGS. 4 and 5, FIGS. 6 and 7 show another embodiment of the present invention. FIGS. 4 and 5, FIGS. 6 and 7 are views of the closing module 1 viewed from a direction parallel to a horizontal plane. FIGS. 4 and 6 show a portion of the blower 2 installed below the floor of the closing module 1a. 5 and 7 show cross sections parallel to the horizontal plane at a portion above the floor surface in the closed module 1a.

First, the embodiment shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 will be described. In this embodiment, a plurality of supply / exhaust ducts 11, 15, 16, 17 are provided on four side walls of the closed module 1a. The supply / exhaust duct 16 is provided on the lower side wall of the closed module 1a shown in FIG.
A supply / exhaust duct 11 is provided on the left side, and a supply / exhaust duct 15 is provided on the right side, four on each wall. Each supply / exhaust duct is connected to the discharge side of the blower
2 are connected. In each discharge-side blower duct 12, 16 valves from the on-off valve 51 to the on-off valve 66 are installed on the discharge side of the blower.

The open / closed valves in FIG. 4 indicate an open state, and the black-closed valves indicate a closed state. As shown in FIG. 5, the suction side of the blower 2 has the same configuration as that of FIG. The supply / exhaust ducts 11, 15, 16, 17 installed on the wall surface of the closing module are connected to the suction side of the blower 2 by the suction side blower duct 13. On / off valves 71 to 86 are provided on the suction side ventilation duct 13.
Up to 16 on-off valves are installed. Similar to FIG. 4, the open state is indicated by white and the closed state is indicated by black.

In the closed module space, a number of rotatable wind direction plates 18, 19, 20 and 21 are provided in front of the air supply / exhaust duct. In FIG. 5, the wind direction plates 20 and 21 installed in front of the air supply / exhaust ducts 16 and 17 are set in a direction orthogonal to the side wall surface of the closed module, so that the air flow from or to the air supply / exhaust duct is reduced. You can pass through. In addition, supply and exhaust ducts 11 and 15
Are set in a direction parallel to the side wall surface of the closed module where the air supply / exhaust ducts 11 and 15 are installed, and constitute a wall surface by a series of a plurality of wind direction plates.

When the blower 2 is operated in the above-described state, on the discharge side of the blower 2, the open / close valves 55 to 66 are closed and the open / close valves 51 to 54 are open as shown in FIG. . The air discharged from the blower 2 passes through the ventilation duct 9 indicated by the arrow 9 and is sent to the air supply / exhaust duct 17. After passing through the air supply / exhaust duct 17, as shown in FIG. 5, after passing through the air supply / exhaust duct 17, the air passes between the wind direction plates 21 and blows out into the closed module.

The on-off valve installed on the suction side of the blower 2 opens the on-off valves 79 to 82 and closes the others, so that the air flow blown out into the closing module 1a passes through the wind direction plate 20. Then, the air is sucked into the air supply / exhaust duct 16, passes through the air blow duct 13, and is returned to the suction side of the blower 2 as shown by a dashed arrow 10. Due to the circulation of the air, a flow is created in the closed module 1a from the upper side to the lower side as shown by the solid arrow 9 in FIG. When it is necessary to take in light from the outside into the inside of the closing module 1a, a light transmissive material such as glass is used for the outer wall of the closing module 1 and the wind direction plate.

On the other hand, the on / off operation of the on / off valve is performed, and the on / off valve installed on the discharge side of the blower is changed from the on / off valves 59 to 6 in FIG.
2, the other is closed, and on the suction side of the blower 2 in FIG. 5, the open / close valves 71 to 74 are opened and the others are closed. In this way, a flow in the direction opposite to the above-described air flow can be generated in the closed module 1a.

The on-off valves installed on the discharge side of the blower are closed by opening the on-off valves 55 to 58 in FIG. 4, and the on-off valves 83 to 86 are opened on the suction side of the blower 2 in FIG. Are closed, and the wind direction plates 18 and 19 installed in front of the air supply / exhaust ducts 11 and 15 are oriented in a direction orthogonal to the side wall surface of the closed module where the air supply / exhaust ducts 11 and 15 are installed. Is installed in a direction parallel to the side wall surface of the closed module where the air supply / exhaust ducts 16 and 17 are installed. In this manner, the supply / exhaust duct 1 is provided in the closed module 1a.
An air flow is generated from 1 toward the air supply / exhaust duct 15.

With the setting direction of the wind direction plate kept as it is, the on-off valves installed on the discharge side of the blower are opened by opening and closing the on-off valves 63 to 66 in FIG. 4, and the suction of the blower 2 in FIG. On the side, the open / close valves 75 to 78 are opened and the others are closed. In this manner, a flow from the air supply / exhaust duct 15 to the air supply / exhaust duct 11 in a direction opposite to the above-described air flow can be generated in the closed module 1a.

Next, the embodiment shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 will be described. 6 and 7 have the same configuration as the embodiment of FIGS. 4 and 5, except for the opening / closing state of the on-off valve and the setting of the wind direction plate. In FIG. 6, the on-off valves installed on the discharge side of the blower are opened and closed by opening the on-off valves 51 to 58, and in FIG.
On the suction side of the blower 2, the open / close valves 79 to 86 are opened and the others are closed. The wind direction plates 18, 19, 20, and 21 in FIG. Set the angle of the wind direction plate.

In this way, the air blown out from the blower 2 is sent to the air supply / exhaust ducts 11 and 17 as shown by the solid line arrows 9 in FIG. 6, and the air direction plate 1 as shown in FIG.
Passing through 8 and 21 into the closed module space,
Supply and exhaust ducts 16 and 15 passing through wind direction plates 20 and 19
Through to the blower suction side. Thus, an air flow from the upper left to the lower right in FIG. 7 can be generated in the closed module space.

While the set angle of the wind direction plate is kept as it is, the on-off valves installed on the discharge side of the blower are opened by opening and closing the on-off valves 59 to 66 in FIG. 6, and the suction of the blower 2 in FIG. Opening the open / close valves 71 to 78 on the side and closing the other valves can generate an airflow from the lower right to the upper left, which is opposite to the above.

Similarly, the supply / exhaust duct 17 is connected to the supply / exhaust duct 11 and the supply / exhaust duct 15 is connected to the supply / exhaust duct 16.
The angle of the wind direction plate is set in the direction toward, and the on-off valve installed on the discharge side of the blower 2 is closed by opening and closing the on-off valves 55 to 62, and the suction side of the blower 2 is opened by the on-off valve 75. By opening 82 and closing the others, an airflow from upper right to lower left in FIG. 7 can be generated.

With the set angle of the wind direction plate unchanged, the on-off valve installed on the discharge side of the blower is changed from the on-off valves 55 to 62.
The other side is closed, and the suction side of the blower 2 is an on-off valve 75.
To 82 are closed and the others are left open to generate an airflow from the lower left to the upper right, which is opposite to the above.

According to the present embodiment, there is an effect that air can be generated in all eight directions of vertical, horizontal and oblique directions by opening and closing the on-off valve and setting the angle of the wind direction plate.

FIGS. 8A and 8B are views showing another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 8A is a side view of a closing module having the same structure as the closing module shown in FIGS. 4 to 7. In the embodiment of FIG.
Is provided with an anemometer 31 for measuring the wind direction and the wind speed in the outside world. The anemometer 31 is connected to the operation control device 35 by a signal line 32. The wind direction plate rotation drive device 30 for setting the angle of the wind direction plate 21 in the closed module 1 a is connected to an operation control device 35 by an electric signal line 33.

Similarly, an on-off valve installed on the suction-side air duct is connected to an operation control device 35 by an electric signal line 34, and an on-off valve installed on the discharge-side air duct 12 is operated by an electric signal line 34. 35. The blower 2 is connected to the operation control device 35 by an electric signal line 36, and the heat exchanger 3 is connected to the operation control device 35 by an electric signal line 37.

In this embodiment, receiving the wind direction and the wind force in the outside world measured by the wind direction anemometer 31, the wind direction is set in the suction side blow duct 13 and the discharge side blow duct 12 so as to be in the same direction as the wind direction in the outside world. On-off valves 51, 62 and 71, 82
And the wind direction plate rotation drive device 30 is controlled. As shown in FIG. 8B, the wind direction plate rotation drive device 30 is provided with a gear 30b on a main shaft 30a of a motor, for example. A plurality of support shafts 21a are provided in the same direction as the main shaft 30a, and a wind direction plate 21 is attached to each support shaft 21a. Each support shaft 21a
A gear 30c is provided at a position opposed to the gear 30b, and a chien 30d is fitted into each of the gears 30b and 30c.

When the motor rotates in the direction a, the chien 30d also rotates in the same direction, and the wind direction plate 21 also rotates in the direction a of the chain line to change the wind direction. When the motor is rotated in the direction opposite to the direction a, the wind direction plate 21 is reversed in the direction opposite to the direction a to change the wind direction. Further, the number of rotations of the blower 12 is controlled to adjust the air volume in the closed module 1a. When temperature control is required, the electric signal line 37 is used.
Controls the heat exchanger 3.

In FIG. 8, the operation control device 35 is installed outside the closed module 1a, but it may be installed inside the closed module. According to this embodiment, there is an effect that a state equivalent to the external wind direction can be automatically generated in the closed module.

[0044]

According to the present invention, experiments such as plant cultivation and animal breeding can be performed in a good environment by circulating air having the same air volume in different directions in the closed module.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic side view showing a closed experimental facility according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a ventilation system in a closed module which is a closed embodiment according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic side view showing a closed experimental facility according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a discharge-side blowing system in a closed module according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a suction side ventilation system in the closing module of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a plan view showing a discharge-side blowing system in a closed module according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a plan view showing a suction-side ventilation system in the closing module of FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a schematic side view showing a closed system experimental facility according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a schematic side view showing a conventional closed system experimental facility.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Closed module, 1a ... Closed space, 2 ... Blower, 3
... heat exchangers, 4 ... air ducts, 7 ... louvers, 8 ... ground, 9, 10 ... arrows indicating the direction of air flow, 11, 15, 1
6, 17: supply / exhaust duct, 12: discharge side ventilation duct, 1
Reference numeral 3: suction side ventilation duct, 51, 52, 71, 72 ... open / close valve, 18, 19, 20, 21 ... wind direction plate, 30 ... wind direction plate rotation driving device, 31 ... wind direction anemometer, 35 ... operation control device
32, 33, 34, 36, 37 ... electric signal lines.

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Satoshi Sugawara 3-1-1 Sachimachi, Hitachi-shi, Ibaraki Pref. Nuclear Power Division, Hitachi, Ltd. (72) Inventor Yuji Koakutsu 3-1-1 Sachimachi, Hitachi-shi, Ibaraki No. 1 Inside the Nuclear Power Division, Hitachi, Ltd. (72) Inventor Satoshi Shimizu 3-1-1 Sayukicho, Hitachi City, Ibaraki Prefecture Inside the Nuclear Power Division, Hitachi, Ltd. (72) Keiji Nitta Inventor Keiji Higashi Kurume, Tokyo 1-23, Yawata-cho, Ichigo F-term (reference) 2B022 DA19 2B101 BB04 3L060 AA08 CC09 DD08 EE26

Claims (5)

[Claims] An air supply / discharge duct and a suction / supply / exhaust duct for air disposed opposite to each other in a closed module comprising an enclosure, and provided between the discharge / supply / exhaust duct and the suction / supply / exhaust duct. A blower room having a blower,
The blower chamber communicates with the discharge side supply / exhaust duct and the suction side supply / exhaust duct, respectively, and has a discharge side and a suction side blower duct each having an open / close valve. A closed system experimental facility, wherein an opening and closing operation is switched so as to circulate air in opposite directions in the closed module. 2. A discharge side and a suction side air duct communicating with each of a plurality of air discharge side air supply / exhaust ducts and a suction side air supply / exhaust duct arranged in the closed module are communicated with the blower chamber, and the air is sucked. 2. The closed-system experimental facility according to claim 1, wherein opening and closing operations of an on-off valve provided on the side ventilation duct and the discharge-side ventilation duct are switched in opposite directions. 3. The closed-system experimental facility according to claim 1, wherein wind direction plates capable of changing the wind direction are provided on the air supply / exhaust duct sides facing each other. 4. The closed experimental facility according to claim 1, wherein the blower room and the blow duct are arranged under the closed module. 5. A wind direction anemometer for measuring the wind direction and wind force of the outside air is provided outside the closed module, and a measurement result of the wind direction anemometer is input to an operation control device, and the operation control device controls the wind direction according to the wind direction. By driving the wind direction plate rotary drive provided on the inlet side of the supply / discharge duct, the angle of the wind direction plate, the amount of air blown by the blower set according to the wind force, and the opening and closing operation of the on-off valve by the wind direction. The closed-system experimental facility according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the on-off valves are respectively controlled in the direction of the wind.