JP2002107293A - Content measuring device and garbage disposal device using it - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve the measurement precision in a device for measuring the content of a specified substance contained in a measuring object. SOLUTION: This content measuring device comprises a tungsten lamp 61 and a pyroelectric element 63, wherein the applied voltage of the tungsten lamp 61 is changed by a control circuit 51, and the content of the specified substance is calculated on the basis of the output signal of the pyroelectric element 63 obtained by that means. The control circuit 51 expresses the light detection quantity of the pyroelectric element 63 in the emission of the tungsten lamp 61 by each applied voltage by the total sum of the product of the luminous intensity of the tungsten lamp 61 in each wavelength section when the wavelength band is divided into a plurality of wavelength sections, the light reflectance of the measuring object, and the sensitivity of the pyroelectric element 63, calculates the reflectance of the measuring object in each wavelength section by solving the simultaneous equations thus obtained, and calculates the content of the specified substance contained in the measuring object on the basis of the distribution of light reflectance.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for optically measuring the content of a specific substance contained in an object to be measured, and a garbage disposal apparatus using the apparatus.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, garbage is put into a processing tank filled with porous wood chips (hole chips) that become garbage disposal materials, and the garbage and the hole chips are stirred. By mixing, by the microorganisms that live in the mixture,
BACKGROUND ART A garbage disposal device that decomposes garbage into water, carbon dioxide, and the like is known. In such a garbage processing apparatus, the processing efficiency can be improved by adjusting the water content of the garbage / chip mixture to a range suitable for the inhabitation of microorganisms. Therefore, the garbage processing apparatus is equipped with a blowing mechanism for feeding air into the processing tank, a heater for heating and drying the garbage / chip mixture in the processing tank, and further, if necessary, 2. Description of the Related Art A water supply device for supplying water to a garbage / chip mixture is provided to adjust a water content.

In order to automatically adjust the water content optimally,
It is necessary to measure the water content of the garbage / chip mixture in the treatment tank. Conventionally, as a method for measuring the water content, a method of detecting the water content by bringing a pair of electrodes into contact with a garbage / chip mixture and measuring the electric resistance between the two electrodes.
(Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 7-33572) or a method of detecting the water content by contacting a heating resistor with a garbage / chip mixture and measuring the temperature rise of the garbage / chip mixture (Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No.
No. 7458) has been proposed.

However, in the water content measuring method using a pair of electrodes, when an electrolyte solution or a substance is interposed between the pair of electrodes, the electric resistance between the electrodes greatly changes. There is a problem that a large error occurs in the value. Further, in the method of measuring the water content using the heating resistor, there is a problem that when the adhesion between the heating resistor and the garbage / chip mixture is poor, the accuracy of measuring the water content is reduced.

Accordingly, the applicant has developed a moisture content measuring device for improving the measurement accuracy by optically measuring the moisture content of a garbage / chip mixture, and has developed a garbage disposal device provided with the device. Patent pending (Japanese Patent Application No. 2000-087235). The moisture content measuring device includes a tungsten lamp that irradiates light to the garbage / chip mixture, a silicon photodiode and a pyroelectric element for detecting light reflected from the garbage / chip mixture, and includes a silicon photodiode. The water content of the garbage / chip mixture is calculated based on the ratio of the amount of reflected light detected using the garbage and the amount of reflected light detected using the pyroelectric element.

The silicon photodiode has a sensitivity in a first wavelength range (less than 1 μm) where water transmittance is large, while the pyroelectric element has a second wavelength range (light transmittance) where water transmittance is small. (1 μm or more). Therefore, according to the difference in the water content of the garbage / chip mixture, a large change occurs in the amount of light detected by the pyroelectric element,
The amount of light detected by the silicon photodiode hardly changes. Therefore, if the ratio between the amount of light detected by the silicon photodiode and the amount of light detected by the pyroelectric element is calculated, the water content of the garbage / chip mixture is calculated from the ratio of the amount of light detected using the known Lambert-Beer equation described later. Rate can be calculated.

According to the above-mentioned water content measuring device, the water content of the garbage / chip mixture can be optically measured from outside the treatment tank, so that there is no problem in the conventional water content measuring method described above. Higher measurement accuracy is obtained.

[0008]

However, the pyroelectric element used in the water content measuring device has a flat distribution over a second wavelength range (1 μm to 3 μm) where the transmittance to water is small. Due to its sensitivity, it is sensitive not only to changes in the water content of the mixture, but also to changes in the content of substances having spectral absorption characteristics close to water, and this is the cause of errors in the measured water content. Had become.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to further improve the measurement accuracy in an apparatus for optically measuring the content of a specific substance such as water contained in an object to be measured, and to measure the content of such a highly accurate content. It is an object of the present invention to provide a garbage disposal apparatus having improved treatment efficiency by using the apparatus.

[0010]

The content measuring apparatus according to the present invention is capable of irradiating an object to be measured with light including a specific wavelength region having a transmittance to a specific substance smaller than 1. A light-emitting element in which the distribution of emission intensity in the wavelength range changes in response to a change in applied voltage, has sensitivity over the specific wavelength range, receives reflected light from the measurement object, A light receiving element for measurement that emits an output according to the change, and a control circuit that applies a voltage to the light emitting element and calculates the content of a specific substance contained in the measurement target based on an output signal of the light receiving element. It has. Here, the control circuit includes an applied voltage control unit that changes an applied voltage to the light emitting element into a plurality (m) of voltage values Ei (i = 1 to m), and an applied voltage Ei (i = 1 to m). The output signal value Vi (i = 1 to m) of the light receiving element when the light emitting element is driven, the light emission intensity Li of the light emitting element in each wavelength section when the wavelength range is divided into a plurality of (n) wavelength sections. j (i = 1 to m, j
= 1 to n), the light reflectance Rj (j = 1 to n) of the measurement object in each wavelength section, and the product Li, j of the sensitivity Sj (j = 1 to n) of the light receiving element in each wavelength section. · Sum of Rj · Sj over the entire wavelength range ΣLi, j · Rj · Sj,
By solving the m n-ary simultaneous equations obtained by this, the light reflectance Rj of the measurement object in each wavelength section is obtained.
First calculating means for calculating (j = 1 to n), and calculating the content rate of the specific substance contained in the measurement object based on the calculated distribution of the light reflectance Rj (j = 1 to n). And second operation means.

In the measurement using the above content measuring device, the voltage applied to the light emitting element is changed to a plurality (m) of voltage values Ei.
When it is changed to (i = 1 to m), the distribution of the emission intensity of the light emitting element in the above wavelength range changes. One of these
When the light emitted from the light-emitting element is irradiated to the object under two applied voltages, the amount of reflected light from the object, that is, the amount of light detected by the light-receiving element, is equal to the light emission intensity L of the light-emitting element.
L, the product of the light reflectance R of the measuring object and the sensitivity S of the light receiving element
· It can be represented by R · S. Here, when the wavelength region is divided into a plurality of (n) wavelength sections, the light detection amount Vi under one applied voltage Ei is the sum of the light detection amounts in each wavelength section, and the light detection amount in each wavelength section is obtained. The amount is the emission intensity Li, j (i = 1 to m, j = 1 to 1) of the light emitting element in each wavelength section.
n, the product Li, j · Rj · Sj of the light reflectance Rj (j = 1 to n) of the measurement object and the sensitivity Sj (j = 1 to n) of the light receiving element.
Can be represented by Therefore, each applied voltage Ei (i =
1 to m) can be expressed by the sum ΣLi, j · Rj · Sj of the above product over the entire wavelength range, whereby m n-ary simultaneous equations can be obtained. Is established. Here, the light detection amount Vi is a measured value, the emission intensity Li, j and the sensitivity Sj are known values,
The light reflectance Rj is a variable (unknown number).

Thus, the m n-ary simultaneous equations (m ≧
n), the light reflectance Rj (j = 1 to n) of the measurement object in each wavelength section can be calculated,
Based on the distribution of these light reflectances Rj (j = 1 to n),
It is possible to calculate the content of the specific substance contained in the measurement object. For example, the content of the specific substance can be derived from the magnitude of the light reflectance in the wavelength section showing the reflectance characteristic of the specific substance using a predetermined calibration curve.

[0013] In a specific configuration, the light emitting element emits light including a first wavelength region having a large transmittance to water and a second wavelength region having a small transmittance to water, and the light receiving element for measurement is provided. A light receiving element for reference is provided on a side of the light receiving element for measurement, and the light receiving element for measurement has sensitivity in the second wavelength range, and the light receiving element for reference has sensitivity in the first wavelength range. The second calculating means of the control circuit includes: a light reflectance Rref derived based on an output signal of the reference light receiving element;
The light reflectance Rj (j calculated by the first arithmetic means
= 1 to n), the light reflectance Rmes in the characteristic wavelength section
And the water content is calculated based on the ratio.

The specific configuration is a configuration for measuring the content of water contained in an object to be measured, that is, the content of water,
Based on the amount of light detected by the light receiving element for measurement, the light reflectance Rj of the object to be measured in each wavelength section is calculated according to the principle described above.
(j = 1 to n) can be calculated. In this, there is a wavelength section showing the characteristic reflectance of water. Therefore,
A light reflectance Rref derived based on an output signal of the reference light receiving element; and a light reflectance Rm in the characteristic wavelength section.
By taking the ratio with es, this ratio becomes a value corresponding to the water content of the measurement object, and from this ratio, the water content can be derived using, for example, a predetermined calibration curve.

More specifically, the light emitting element is constituted by an incandescent light source, the light receiving element for measurement is constituted by a pyroelectric element, and the light receiving element for reference is constituted by a photodiode.

A garbage disposal apparatus according to the present invention comprises a garbage / chip mixture in a treatment tank and a moisture content detection device for detecting the moisture content of the mixture, and a moisture content based on the detected moisture content. And a moisture content detecting device, wherein the moisture content detecting device irradiates the mixture with light including a first wavelength region having a large transmittance for water and a second wavelength region having a small transmittance for water. A light source, having sensitivity to the first wavelength range, receiving reflected light from the mixture in the processing tank,
A reference light-receiving element that emits an output according to the amount of received light or a change in the amount of received light, and has a sensitivity in the second wavelength range, receives reflected light from an object to be measured, and emits an output according to a change in the amount of received light A light receiving element for measurement; and a control circuit for applying a voltage to the incandescent light source and calculating a water content of the object to be measured based on output signals of the two light receiving elements. here,
The control circuit sets a plurality of applied voltages to the incandescent light source (m).
Voltage control means for changing to the voltage value Ei (i = 1 to m), and the amount of light detection Vi (i) by the measuring light receiving element when the incandescent light source is driven with each applied voltage Ei (i = 1 to m). = 1
m) is divided into a plurality of (n) wavelength sections, and the emission intensity Li, j (i
= 1 to m, j = 1 to n), the light reflectance Rj (j = 1 to n) of the measuring object in each wavelength section, and the sensitivity Sj (j = 1 to 1) of the measuring light receiving element in each wavelength section. n) and the product Li,
Sum of j, Rj, Sj over the entire wavelength range ΣLi, j, Rj
First arithmetic means for calculating the light reflectance Rj (j = 1 to n) of the measurement object in each wavelength section by solving the m n-ary simultaneous equations represented by Sj and solving the m simultaneous n-ary simultaneous equations; The light reflectance Rref derived based on the output signal value of the reference light receiving element, and the light reflection in a characteristic wavelength section in the light reflectance Rj (j = 1 to n) calculated by the first calculating means. Second calculating means for calculating the water content of the measurement object based on the ratio with the rate Rmes.

In the above garbage processing apparatus, the garbage
In order to measure the water content of the chip mixture, the above-described content measuring device of the present invention is employed, whereby highly accurate water content measurement data is obtained, and based on the data, highly efficient garbage disposal Can be realized.

[0018]

According to the content measuring device of the present invention,
The content of a specific substance such as water contained in the measurement target can be measured with high accuracy, and according to the garbage disposal device using the measuring device, the water content of the garbage / chip mixture can be measured. Since a value suitable for waste treatment can be accurately adjusted, an operation with high treatment efficiency is realized.

[0019]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention applied to a garbage disposal apparatus will be specifically described with reference to the drawings.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the garbage disposal apparatus according to the present invention includes a casing (1) having an open top, and a casing (1).
And a lid (11) pivotally supported at an opening of the casing (1), and a treatment tank (12) for storing a garbage / chip mixture (10) is provided inside the casing (1). . The processing tank (12)
It is made of a material, color, and thickness capable of transmitting light of a broadband wavelength including the visible light region and the near infrared light region, and is formed using, for example, a 2 mm-thick white polycarbonate. Have been.

A shaft (21) is horizontally installed inside the processing tank (12), and a plurality of stirring rods (2) are projected around the shaft (21) in a radial manner. One end of the shaft (21) is connected to a motor (23) via a power transmission mechanism (22), and by driving the motor (23), the stirring rod (2) is rotated. The garbage / chip mixture (10) can be stirred.

A planar heater (3) is attached to the outer surface of the processing tank (12), so that the garbage / chip mixture (10) in the processing tank (12) can be heated. . Further, an exhaust fan (4) is provided above the processing tank (12). The exhaust fan (4) is connected to an exhaust port (13) through an exhaust path (14). By driving (), it is possible to ventilate the inside of the processing tank (12). Further, a water supply mechanism (not shown) is connected to the processing tank (12) as necessary, and the processing tank (1
2) It is possible to supply water inside.

Further, in the garbage processing apparatus according to the present invention, the water content of the garbage / chip mixture (10) in the processing tank (12) is optically measured outside the bottom wall of the processing tank (12). Is provided with a moisture content detector (6) for measurement. As shown in FIG. 3, the water content detector (6) includes a tungsten lamp (61), a silicon photodiode (62), and a pyroelectric element (63) mounted toward the processing tank (12). FIG. 4 (a)
As shown in (1), the tungsten lamp (61) is an incandescent light source that emits light having a wide band over a visible light region and a near-infrared light region. As shown in FIG. 4B, the silicon photodiode (62) has a sensitivity in a relatively narrow wavelength range of 0.5 μm to 1.0 μm, and the pyroelectric element (63) has a sensitivity of 1.0 μm.
It has flat sensitivity characteristics over a wide wavelength range exceeding.

As described above, since the treatment tank (12) can transmit light of a wide wavelength range including the visible light region and the near infrared light region, the light emitted from the tungsten lamp (61) can be transmitted. Passes through the treatment tank (12), is irradiated on the garbage / chip mixture (10), the light reflected on the garbage / chip mixture (10) passes through the treatment tank (12), The light enters the silicon photodiode (62) and the pyroelectric element (63).

The control device (5) includes a control circuit (51) composed of a microcomputer, and the control circuit (51) controls the light emission intensity of the tungsten lamp (61). In addition, a silicon photodiode (62) and a pyroelectric element (6
The output signal of 3) is supplied to the control circuit (51) via the amplifiers (52) and (53), respectively. The control circuit (51) detects the water content of the garbage / chip mixture (10) based on signals from the silicon photodiode (62) and the pyroelectric element (63),
According to the result, the operation of the heater (3), the exhaust fan (4) and the motor (23) is controlled, thereby optimizing the water content of the garbage / chip mixture (10) in the treatment tank (12). adjust.

Here, the principle of detecting the water content in the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. As described above, FIG.
It shows the spectral distribution characteristics of the tungsten lamp (61),
Light is distributed over the visible light region and the near infrared light region. FIG. 4B shows the spectral distribution characteristic P of the silicon photodiode (62) and the spectral distribution characteristic Q of the pyroelectric element (63). The silicon photodiode (62) has a thickness of 0.5 μm.
The pyroelectric element (63) has sensitivity in a relatively narrow wavelength range of about 1.0 μm, and has a flat sensitivity characteristic in a wide wavelength range exceeding 1.0 μm.

FIG. 4C shows the spectral distribution characteristic P 'of the amount of light detected by the silicon photodiode (62) and the pyroelectric element (63) when the light emitted from the tungsten lamp (61) is directly received. And the spectral distribution characteristic Q 'of the light detection amount. However, for the pyroelectric element (63), the change in the amount of received light (differential)
Since the sensor is a thermal sensor that emits a signal corresponding to the output signal, data corresponding to the absolute value of the amount of received light can be obtained by integrating the waveform of the output signal. The peak value of the waveform is used as an integral value (light detection amount). The magnitude of the light detection amount detected by the silicon photodiode (62) and the pyroelectric element (63) is substantially proportional to the area of the region surrounded by the characteristic curves P 'and Q', respectively.

FIG. 4D shows the distribution of transmittance of light in water in a wavelength range from the visible light region to the near-infrared light region. In the visible light region, the transmittance is substantially unity. While almost no light is absorbed, in the near-infrared light region, the transmittance is reduced, and it can be seen that much light is absorbed.

FIG. 4 (e) shows a case where light emitted from a tungsten lamp (61) passes through a substance containing moisture and enters a silicon photodiode (62) and a pyroelectric element (63). The distribution Pn (n = 0, 40, 80) of the amount of light detected by the photodiode (62) and the distribution Qn (n = 0, 40, 80) of the amount of light detected by the pyroelectric element (63) are shown. Here, n is the water content (%) of the substance. These distributions are represented by spectral distribution characteristics P ′ and Q ′ shown in FIG.
It can be grasped as the product of the water transmittance characteristics shown in FIG. 4D, and the silicon photodiode (62) and the pyroelectric element (6
The magnitude of the light detection amount according to 3) is substantially proportional to the area of the region surrounded by the distribution curves Pn and Qn.

As can be seen from FIG. 4 (e), in the visible light region, the transmittance of water is substantially 1, so that even if the water content changes, the light detection amount of the silicon photodiode (62) is almost zero. No change is seen, but in the near-infrared light region, the degree to which light is absorbed changes according to the change in moisture content,
The amount of light detected by the pyroelectric element (63) changes according to the water content.

The magnitude of the light detection amount by the silicon photodiode is Ps, and the magnitude of the light detection amount by the pyroelectric element is Qs.
Then, the water content W of the object to be measured is expressed by the following equation 1 using the Lambert-Beer equation.

[0031]

X = −log (Qs / Ps) W = a · X + ba a, b: constants

Note that the constants a and b in the above equation 1 are experimentally obtained. That is, as shown in FIG. 5, the values of X and the water content are plotted for a plurality of substances whose water content is known, and the relationship between the two is linearly approximated. You can decide.

The above description of the principle is based on the assumption that light passes through the object to be measured (substance containing water) and enters the silicon photodiode and the pyroelectric element. This is also true when the light is reflected by the (substance) and the reflected light enters the silicon photodiode and the pyroelectric element. This is because, in addition to the light reflected on the surface, the light reflected from the object to be measured includes light that enters the inside of the object to be measured and is reflected on the internal particle surface, that is, diffusely reflected light. This is because the diffuse reflected light is affected by the absorption characteristics of the measurement object.

In the garbage processing apparatus of the present invention, FIG.
The voltage applied to the tungsten lamp (61) is changed in m steps (m ≧ 2) by the control circuit (51) shown in FIG. As a result, the tungsten lamp (61) generates light in a wavelength range (1 μm to 3 μm) spanning the visible light region and the near infrared light region,
As shown in FIG. 7, the light emission distribution characteristics are such that the applied voltage Ei (i
= 1 to m). Therefore, the output signal of the pyroelectric element (63) is taken in to obtain a measured value of the light detection amount.

The wavelength range (1 μm to 3 μm) is divided into n equal parts.
(m ≧ n), and divided into a plurality of wavelength sections.
The emission intensity Li, j (i = 1 to m, j = 1 to 1) of the tungsten lamp (61) in each wavelength section under i (i = 1 to m)
n) and the sensitivity Sj (j = 1 to n) of the pyroelectric element (63) are obtained in advance. These values are specific to the characteristics of the tungsten lamp (61) and the pyroelectric element (63), and can be determined experimentally.

Here, the light detection amount V by the pyroelectric element 63 in each wavelength section under each applied voltage Ei (i = 1 to m).
i (i = 1 to m) is represented by the following equation (2).

[0037]

[Expression 2] V₁= L_1,1・ R₁・ S₁+ L_1,2・ R₂・ S₂+ ... + L_{1, n}・ R_n・ S_n  V₂= L_2,1・ R₁・ S₁+ L_2,2・ R₂・ S₂+ ... + L_{2, n}・ R_n・ S_n  ・ ・ ・ V_m= L_{m, 1}・ R₁・ S₁+ L_{m, 2}・ R₂・ S₂+ ... + L_{m, n}・ R_n・ S_n

In the m n-ary simultaneous equations thus obtained, the light detection amount Vi, the light emission intensity Li, j and the sensitivity Sj of the light receiving element are known values, and the light reflectance Rj is a variable.
(Unknown). Thus, by solving the m n-ary simultaneous equations, the light reflectance Rj (j = 1 to n) of the garbage / chip mixture in each wavelength section can be calculated. FIG. 8 is a graph of these light reflectivities, and shows a characteristic change in the reflectivity of water at wavelengths of 1.45 μm and 1.90 μm.

Therefore, for example, the reflectance at a wavelength of 1.45 μm is Rmes, and the reflectance derived from the amount of light detected by the silicon photodiode (62) is Rref, and the water content is calculated from the following equation (3).

[0040]

X '=-log (Rmes / Rref) W = a'.X' + b 'a', b ': constants

Incidentally, the constants a 'and b' in the above equation (3) can be obtained experimentally. That is, the values of X 'and the water content are plotted for a plurality of substances whose water content is known, and constants a' and b 'are determined from the slope and the tangent of the straight line by linearly approximating the relationship between the two. I can do it.

FIG. 6 shows a procedure for calculating the water content. First, in step S1, i is initialized to 1, and in step S2, the applied voltage of the incandescent lamp (tungsten lamp) is set to E (i). Next, in step S3, the incandescent lamp is caused to emit light, the object is irradiated with light, and a light detection value V (i) of the reflected light is obtained. Subsequently, after counting up i in step S4, it is determined in step S5 whether or not i is equal to or less than m.
Returning to step 2, the acquisition of the light detection value V (i) proceeds. Thereafter, when it is determined NO in step S5, step S6
Then, the n-ary simultaneous equations are solved from the values of V (1) to V (m) to obtain R (1) to R (n). Finally, step S
At 7, the water content is calculated from R (1) to R (n).

In the garbage processing apparatus of the present invention,
As a moisture content detector (6) uses a wide-band sensor such as a tungsten lamp (61) or a pyroelectric element (63) to measure the moisture content at a specific single wavelength, it has a simple configuration. And high calculation accuracy can be obtained by arithmetic processing. Then, by using this high-precision measurement value, the water content can be adjusted accurately, so that high processing efficiency can be obtained.

The configuration of each part of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications can be made within the technical scope described in the claims. For example, the water content detector (6) is mounted outside the bottom wall of the processing tank (12), but is not limited thereto, and may be arranged outside the side wall of the processing tank (12). Further, in the treatment tank (12), only the portion corresponding to the moisture content detector (6) can be made of a light transmitting member such as polycarbonate. Furthermore, as the light receiving element, a combination of a silicon photodiode (62) and a pyroelectric element (63) is used, but the present invention is not limited to this. If it is a combination of light receiving elements having sensitivity in a strong wavelength range, such as a combination of silicon photodiode and germanium photodiode,
Various known light receiving element combinations can be employed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a garbage processing apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the garbage processing apparatus in a direction orthogonal to FIG.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a moisture content detector and a control device.

FIG. 4 is a series of graphs explaining the principle of moisture content detection in the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a graph showing a relationship between an actually measured value of water content and a logarithmic value of an output ratio of a silicon photodiode to a pyroelectric element.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating a moisture content calculation procedure.

FIG. 7 is a graph showing a change in emission intensity distribution with a change in applied voltage in a tungsten lamp.

FIG. 8 is a graph showing the distribution of the reflectance obtained in the procedure for calculating the water content of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 (1) Casing (10) Garbage / chip mixture (11) Lid (12) Treatment tank (2) Stirrer bar (3) Heater (4) Exhaust fan (51) Control circuit (6) Moisture content detector (61) Tungsten lamp (62) Silicon photodiode (63) Pyroelectric element

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Osamu Nakano 2-5-5 Keihanhondori, Moriguchi-shi, Osaka Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. (72) Kenji Watanabe 2-5-2 Keihanhondori, Moriguchi-shi, Osaka No.5 Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. F-term (reference) 2G059 AA01 BB20 CC09 DD05 EE02 EE11 GG10 HH01 HH02 HH06 KK03 MM01 MM12 4D004 AA03 BA04 CA04 CA19 CA22 CB02 CB06 CB13 CB28 CB32 CC08 DA01 DA09

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. An apparatus for optically measuring the content of a specific substance contained in an object to be measured, wherein light having a transmittance to the specific substance including a specific wavelength range smaller than 1 is included in the object to be measured. It is possible to irradiate, and a light emitting element whose emission intensity distribution changes in the wavelength range according to a change in applied voltage, and has sensitivity over the specific wavelength range, A light receiving element for measurement that receives reflected light and emits an output according to the amount of received light or a change in the amount of light.A voltage is applied to the light emitting element, and a specific substance included in the measurement target based on an output signal of the light receiving element. A control circuit for calculating the content ratio of the light-emitting element, the control circuit comprising: an applied voltage control means for changing an applied voltage to the light emitting element to a plurality of voltage values; , A plurality of wavelength ranges First calculation means for calculating the light reflectance of the measurement object in each wavelength section based on the emission intensity of the light emitting element in each wavelength section when divided into wavelength sections and the sensitivity of the light receiving element in each wavelength section; A second calculating means for calculating the content of the specific substance contained in the object to be measured based on the calculated distribution of the light reflectance. 2. An apparatus for optically measuring the content of a specific substance contained in an object to be measured, wherein light having a transmittance for the specific substance in a specific wavelength range smaller than 1 is included in the object to be measured. It is possible to irradiate, and a light emitting element whose emission intensity distribution changes in the wavelength range according to a change in applied voltage, and has sensitivity over the specific wavelength range, A light receiving element for measurement that receives reflected light and emits an output according to the amount of received light or a change in the amount of light.A voltage is applied to the light emitting element, and a specific substance included in the measurement target based on an output signal of the light receiving element. And a control circuit for calculating a content rate of the light-emitting element. The control circuit sets a plurality of (m) voltage values Ei (i)
= 1 to m), and a light detection amount Vi (i = 1 to m) by the light receiving element when the light emitting element is driven by each applied voltage Ei (i = 1 to m), When the wavelength range is divided into a plurality of (n) wavelength sections, the emission intensity Li, j (i = 1 to m, j =
1 to n), the light reflectance Rj (j = 1 to n) of the measurement object in each wavelength section, and the product Li, j · of the sensitivity Sj (j = 1 to n) of the light receiving element in each wavelength section. The total reflectance over the entire wavelength range of Rj · Sj is represented by ΣLi, j · Rj · Sj, and the m n-ary simultaneous equations obtained thereby are solved to obtain the light reflectance Rj of the measurement object in each wavelength section.
first calculating means for calculating (j = 1 to n); and calculating the content rate of the specific substance contained in the measurement object based on the calculated distribution of the light reflectance Rj (j = 1 to n). A content measuring device comprising: a second calculating means. 3. The light-emitting element emits light including a first wavelength range having a high transmittance for water and a second wavelength range having a low transmittance for water, and a light-emitting element which is located on a side of the light-receiving element for measurement. A reference light receiving element is provided, the measurement light receiving element has sensitivity in the second wavelength range, and the reference light receiving element has sensitivity in the first wavelength range. The second calculating means is characterized in that the light reflectance Rref derived based on the output signal of the reference light receiving element and the light reflectance Rj (j = 1 to n) calculated by the first calculating processing means are included. The content measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the water content is calculated based on a ratio with the light reflectance Rmes in a specific wavelength section. 4. The light emitting device is constituted by an incandescent light source,
4. The light receiving element for measurement is constituted by a pyroelectric element, and the light receiving element for reference is constituted by a photodiode.
Content measuring device according to 4. 5. A garbage processing apparatus for storing a mixture of garbage and a garbage processing material in a processing tank, adjusting the water content of the mixture, and decomposing the garbage, wherein the mixture in the processing tank is provided. A water content detection device that detects the water content as a measurement target, and a water content adjustment device that adjusts the water content based on the detected water content, wherein the water content detection device has a water transmittance. An incandescent light source that irradiates the mixture with light including a large first wavelength band and a second wavelength band having a small transmittance to water, and having sensitivity to the first wavelength band, A reference light-receiving element that receives reflected light and emits an output according to the amount of received light or a change in the amount of received light; and a light-receiving element that has sensitivity in the second wavelength range and receives reflected light from the measurement target to change the amount of received light. To the measuring light-receiving element that emits an output according to the And a control circuit for calculating the water content of the object to be measured based on the output signals of the two light receiving elements, wherein the control circuit changes the applied voltage to the incandescent light source to a plurality of voltage values. Voltage control means, the amount of light detected by the measuring light-receiving element obtained at each applied voltage, the emission intensity of the incandescent light source in each wavelength section when the wavelength range is divided into a plurality of wavelength sections, and the First calculating means for calculating the light reflectance of the measurement object in each wavelength section based on the sensitivity of the light receiving element for measurement; and specifying the light reflectance of the measurement object based on the distribution of the calculated light reflectance. The second calculating means for calculating the content of the substance, the light reflectance derived based on the output signal value of the reference light receiving element, and a characteristic wavelength section in the light reflectance calculated by the first calculating means. light On the basis of the ratio of the Iritsu, the measurement object garbage disposal apparatus characterized in that it comprises a second calculating means for calculating the moisture content of. 6. A garbage processing apparatus for storing a mixture of garbage and a garbage processing material in a processing tank, adjusting the water content of the mixture, and decomposing the garbage, wherein the mixture in the processing tank is provided. A water content detection device that detects the water content as a measurement target, and a water content adjustment device that adjusts the water content based on the detected water content, wherein the water content detection device has a water transmittance. An incandescent light source that irradiates the mixture with light including a large first wavelength band and a second wavelength band having a small transmittance to water, and having sensitivity to the first wavelength band, A reference light-receiving element that receives reflected light and emits an output according to the amount of received light or a change in the amount of received light; and a light-receiving element that has sensitivity in the second wavelength range and receives reflected light from the measurement target to change the amount of received light. To the measuring light-receiving element that emits an output according to the And a control circuit for calculating the moisture content of the object to be measured based on the output signals of the two light receiving elements, wherein the control circuit sets the applied voltage to the incandescent light source to a plurality of (m) voltage values Ei. (i
= 1 to m), and the light detection amount Vi (i = 1 to m) by the measuring light receiving element when the incandescent light source is driven with each applied voltage Ei (i = 1 to m). ,
When the wavelength range is divided into a plurality of (n) wavelength sections, the emission intensity Li, j (i = 1 to 1) of the incandescent light source in each wavelength section
m, j = 1 to n), the light reflectance Rj (j = 1 to n) of the measurement object in each wavelength section, and the sensitivity Sj (j = 1 to n) of the measuring light receiving element in each wavelength section. The product of Li, j · R
Total sum over all wavelength ranges of j · SjΣLi, j · Rj · Sj
And first computing means for calculating the light reflectance Rj (j = 1 to n) of the object to be measured in each wavelength section by solving the m n-ary simultaneous equations obtained thereby, The light reflectance Rref derived based on the output signal value of the light receiving element, and the light reflectance Rmes in a characteristic wavelength section in the light reflectance Rj (j = 1 to n) calculated by the first arithmetic unit And a second calculating means for calculating the water content of the object to be measured based on the ratio.