JP2002092051A - Method for designing three-dimensional shape and apparatus for the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To correct and design the shape and size of a product according to the shape and size of a human body. SOLUTION: A virtual shape forming device calculates a space distortion function for mutually deforming the three-dimensional shape data of a plurality of persons, and prepares the multi-dimensional distribution diagram of the three- dimensional shape data of the persons on the basis of the size of the space distortion, and derives a virtual shape existing at an arbitrary position on the multi-dimensional distribution diagram.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for modifying and designing the shape and size of a product according to the shape and size of a human body.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Products that are directly attached to the human body, such as shoes and clothes, have several size standards in order to adapt to various body types. [Shoes JIS size standards: JIS S50
37, JIS size standard for clothing: JIS L4005]. These standards define only the main dimensions that constitute the three-dimensional shape of a product, and do not specify how to design the dimensions and shapes of other parts. Methods of designing products of various sizes in shoes and clothes are currently based on the following means.

[0003] First, a manufacturer designs a product shape and dimensions of a basic size by a unique technique. The main dimensions are in accordance with JIS standards, and the other dimensions are designed with original technology. Then, based on the ratio of the main dimension of the basic size to the main dimension of the size other than the basic size, the product size is increased or decreased by a similar or similar mathematical / geometric method. In this way, based on the product shape and dimensions of the basic size, the method of designing other sizes is called "size development".
Or it is called "size grading."

The Free Form Deformation method (hereinafter, FFD)
The present inventors have already disclosed a method of describing the movement pattern of the control grid points of the method) and applying it to product design (shoe last with grading) [Masaaki Mochimaru, Makiko Kawachi, Yukio Fukui] , M. Tsutsumi: Feature Classification of Three-Dimensional Shapes of Foot Based on FFD, Ergonomics, 33 (4), 229-234, 1997.].

[0005] However, this is only a deformation of the shape within the same size, and does not refer to a change in shape and size of the human body at the same time. Further, it is said that a human body shape of a specific individual is used as a human body basic shape and a human body target shape as a source of deformation, and it is not described that an average form of a group is used as a basic shape and a target shape.

[0006]

The human body has a biological characteristic that its proportion changes as its size changes. This is called "allometry". For example,
The shape characteristic is such that a person who is taller has a greater leg length ratio (ratio of leg length to height).

However, in the conventional "size grading", the shape of the basic size is mathematically and geometrically modified and designed according to the main dimension ratio between the basic size and the target size. Does not conform to shape change characteristics. This is because even if the basic size human body shape and the basic size product shape match, the size of the person away from the basic size and `` size grading '' by the conventional technology according to the person's size It means that the product shape does not fit.

The problem to be solved by the present invention is that the size grading of a product reflects the shape and size change characteristics of the human body, and is adapted to the shape of a person whose size is far from the basic size. It is to design the shape and size three-dimensionally.

[0009]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention converts a three-dimensional human body of a basic size associated with an anatomical feature into a three-dimensional human body of a target size. Is quantitatively formulated using the free form deformation operation method (Free Form Deformation method), and this formulated spatial distortion pattern is
A three-dimensional shape designing method characterized by modifying and designing the shape and size of a product suitable for a human body of a target size by applying to a product shape of a basic size.

Further, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a three-dimensional shape measuring device for inputting a human body shape and a product shape, and a device for correcting and designing a product shape according to a shape change characteristic of a human body. A three-dimensional shape design device comprising a correction / design device, wherein the three-dimensional shape measurement device comprises:
The human body three-dimensional shape corresponding to the basic size, the human body three-dimensional shape corresponding to the target size, and the product shape conforming to the basic size are input. A spatial distortion pattern that converts the attached basic size human body three-dimensional shape into a target size human body three-dimensional shape is quantitatively formulated using a free form deformation operation method (Free Form Deformation method). By applying the formulated spatial distortion pattern to the product shape of the basic size, it is possible to correct and design the shape and size of the product suitable for the human body of the target size. Provide a shape design device.

[0011]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of a method and apparatus for designing a three-dimensional shape according to the present invention will be described below based on embodiments with reference to the drawings.

A three-dimensional shape designing apparatus according to the present invention is shown in FIG.
As shown in the figure, the apparatus comprises a three-dimensional shape measuring device for inputting a human body shape and a product shape, and a correction / design device (computer) for correcting and designing the product shape according to the shape change characteristics of the human body. You.

(Measurement of three-dimensional shape data) A three-dimensional shape design apparatus is a machine equipped with a shape scanner (a scanner for measuring a three-dimensional shape as three-dimensional coordinate values by projecting a laser beam) or a stylus. It is a three-dimensional measuring device of the formula.

With such a three-dimensional shape measuring device,
A human body shape corresponding to the basic size, a human body shape corresponding to the target size, and a product shape conforming to the basic size are acquired as numerical data.

The human body shape corresponding to the basic size may be a human body shape of a specific individual, but ideally, a human body shape corresponding to the same size is measured by a multi-body three-dimensional shape measuring device. The three-dimensional shape measuring device measures one or more human body shapes corresponding to the target size.

(Design device) The correction / design device is a CPU.
(Main control unit), a memory, an input / output control unit, an input device, a display device, and an output device. Data from the three-dimensional shape measuring device is input from the input device, and the following processing is performed.

Here, the human body shape is constituted by three-dimensional shape data of the human body surface, anatomical feature points of the human body marked on the human body surface, and feature point position data relating to compatibility with the product. Regarding the human body shape of the basic size and the human body shape of the target size, the three-dimensional shape measuring device described above uses the three-dimensional shape data of the human body surface and the anatomical feature points of the human body marked on the human body surface and the feature points related to the conformity with the product. Acquisition of position data at the same time, acquired human body surface 3
Based on the feature point position data,
Reconstruct so that there is correspondence between individuals.

Here, the product shape is constituted by three-dimensional shape data of the product and feature point position data necessary for matching the coordinate system between the human body shape and the product shape. For the basic size product shape, the above three-dimensional shape measurement device acquires the three-dimensional shape data of the product and the feature point position data marked on the product, or is designed by a computer-aided design system (CAD). The three-dimensional shape data of the product is used as it is. The coordinate of the obtained three-dimensional shape data of the product is converted based on the feature point position data of the product.

Here, the anatomical characteristic points of the human body indicate the positions of characteristic points on the skeleton including the calf metatarsal point, the shin metatarsal point, and the heel point in FIG. The characteristic points necessary for matching the human body shape data with the coordinate system are, in the case of a shoe shape conforming to the foot, the product shape characteristic points including the inner and outer ball portion projection points and the heel projection points in FIG. Point to.

Similarly, in the body shape of the trunk, the anatomical feature points of the human body refer to the feature points on the skeleton including the trochanter point, acromion point, and nipple point in FIG. The characteristic points necessary for matching the coordinate system of the clothing trapezoid shape data for modeling the human body shape data with the trochanter points, acromion points, and nipple points on the clothing tray of FIG. Refers to shape feature points.

(Acquisition of Average Shape Data) In the method of the present invention, when size grading is performed based on shape data of a specific individual corresponding to a basic size, only the general change characteristics of the shape and size of a human body are obtained. Instead, the unique shape characteristics possessed by the individual are reflected in the product shape design.

In order to solve this, an average shape of a plurality of subjects (10 or more) corresponding to the basic size can be used as the human body shape data corresponding to the basic size. If the product design is not for a specific individual, such as a mass-produced product, the average shape of a plurality of subjects (10 or more) corresponding to the target size can be used for the human body shape data corresponding to the target size. .

A method of generating an average shape having a shape characteristic common to a plurality of persons and not having a personality specific to a specific person from a plurality of human body shapes is described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. HEI 10-163,873. A method and an apparatus for generating an average form of a plurality of three-dimensional forms (see Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-240964) are disclosed.

The point is that a control grid point movement pattern for mutually deforming a plurality of shape data reconstructed by feature points is calculated, and a plurality of shape data are calculated by the sum of the shift amounts of the control grid point movement pattern from the initial state. The mutual distance (dissimilarity) between the data is calculated, the form having the smallest variation in the distance is defined as the median form, and a control grid point movement pattern for transforming the form from the median form to other shape data is obtained. This is a method of generating an average form by applying a control grid point movement pattern for transforming a median form to an average form to the median form.

(Calculation of Control Grid Point Movement Pattern) A control grid point movement pattern of the Free Form Deformation method for converting an average human body shape of a basic size into a human body shape of a target size is calculated. Regarding this calculation method, the applicant of the present application has already proposed an average shape generation method [average shape generation method and apparatus for a plurality of three-dimensional shapes (see Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-240964)].
Disclosed.

In short, in two shape data A and B reconstructed by the feature points, Fr around the shape data A
When the control grid points of the ee Form Deformation method are set and the control grid points are appropriately moved and deformed to match the shape data B, the control grid point movement amount is as small as possible, and the deformed shape data A This is a method of optimizing the amount of movement of the control grid points so that the sum of the distances between the corresponding points of the shape data B and the corresponding points becomes as small as possible.

(Deformation of Product Shape Data) The calculated control grid point movement pattern is applied to product shape data of a basic size that has been coordinate-converted according to the shape of a human body. The product shape data is deformed by distortion in the same space as the shape change characteristic of the human body, and can obtain product shape data conforming to the target size of the human body shape.

(Embodiment) As an embodiment of the three-dimensional shape designing method and apparatus according to the present invention, the average foot shape data of a basic size, the foot shape data of a specific individual of a large size, and the shoe shape data conforming to the basic size. , A method and apparatus for acquiring last shape data that fits a large individual foot of a specific person will be sequentially described.

(1) Measurement and input of average foot shape data of basic size 56 gypsum molds of the foot of an adult female corresponding to the range of the foot length of a female from 228 mm to 242 mm were collected. The anatomical feature points are identified by direct contact with the human body, and the positions are marked with a water-based pen to transfer the feature point positions to a gypsum mold.

After reconstructing the three-dimensional shape of the gypsum mold surface so as to establish correspondence between shape data points between individuals based on the feature point positions (providing projections and marks so as to be detected). Then, the shape data is input to the correction / design device using a mechanical three-dimensional shape measuring device.

Here, the coordinate system of the foot shape data is such that the sole surface is an XY plane, the heel point projected on the XY plane is the origin, the midpoint of the shin-side metatarsal point, and the midpoint of the calf midfoot point is the XY plane. The direction passing through the projected point was defined as the X-axis positive direction.

One shape data is polyhedral shape data composed of 174 data points and constituted by 324 polygon triangles. The control grid point of FFD method is X axis 9 ×
225 points of Y axis 5 × Z axis 5 were set.

Then, the average shape is calculated based on the average shape generation method. The average shape of 56 persons is shown by the thin line in FIG.

(2) Measurement and input of foot size data of a large specific individual On the other hand, the foot shape of a large specific individual is measured by a three-dimensional shape measuring device in the same manner as described above and input to a correction / design device. did.

By the means described in the method of generating an average form, a control grid point movement pattern of the FFD method for converting the average shape of the basic size into the shape of a specific individual having a large size was calculated. FIG. 8 shows the calculation results.

(3) Measurement and input of shoe last data conforming to the basic size Further, the shoe last shape data designed so as to conform to the basic size is measured by a three-dimensional shape measuring device, and is corrected and designed. Entered. Here, as shown in FIG. 9, precise basic size last data was acquired using a more precise mechanical three-dimensional shape measuring device different from the above-mentioned mechanical three-dimensional shape measuring device.

The shoe shape data need only match the human body shape data with the coordinate system, and need not correspond to data points. Therefore, precise shape data composed of more points can be acquired and deformed.

The coordinate system of the shoe last data must reasonably match the coordinate system of the human body shape data. Therefore, the sole surface of the last is defined as the XY plane, the point at which the last end point of the last is projected on the XY plane is the origin, and the center point of the forefoot with width is defined as the X-axis. did.

(4) Acquisition of shoe shape data suitable for a large-sized specific individual's foot From the standard size average foot shape data (see FIG. 7A), target size foot shape data (FIG. b) is applied to the coordinate-transformed standard-size shoe last shape data (FIG. 9) to convert the shoe last shape data as shown in FIG. I got it.

As can be seen from the top view of FIG. 8, when the shape of the foot portion becomes large, the size does not increase in a similar manner but changes with a three-dimensional shape change. This is a property called allometry, which can be said about the general shape of the human body. In other words, the shape of the human body does not necessarily increase in size in a similar manner, but the shape and proportion (proportion) tend to change with the size.

Many current product developments ignore the change in shape due to the change in size and generate size variations by mathematically similar deformation. According to the present invention, as shown in FIG. 10, a change in the shape accompanying a change in the size of the human body shape can be reflected in the product shape design via the movement pattern of the control grid points.

Although the embodiments according to the present invention have been described based on the embodiments, the present invention is not particularly limited to such embodiments, but includes the technical matters described in the claims. It goes without saying that there are various other embodiments within the scope.

[0043]

According to the present invention having the above-described structure, a change in shape due to a change in size, which has been neglected in the past, can be reflected in a product shape design through a movement pattern of control grid points. . Accordingly, it is possible to easily and easily design a design reflecting the characteristics of the individual body of each person and the like in a detailed manner.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an overall configuration of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating anatomical feature points of a human body.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating anatomical feature points of a human body.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a human morphological distribution state.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing modeling and foot morphology data based on anatomical feature points.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a movement pattern of a free-form deformation grating.

7A is a diagram showing a standard-sized foot shape, and FIG. 7B is a diagram showing a target-sized foot shape.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a movement pattern of control grid points.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing shoe shape data of a standard size subjected to coordinate conversion.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing last shape data deformed by applying a control grid point;

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A free-form deformation operation method for converting a spatial distortion pattern that converts a three-dimensional human body of a basic size associated with an anatomical feature point into a three-dimensional human body of a target size. Free Form Deformation method) is used to quantitatively formulate and apply this formulated spatial distortion pattern to the basic size product shape to correct the shape and size of the product that fits the target size human body And a three-dimensional shape designing method. 2. A three-dimensional shape measuring device comprising: a three-dimensional shape measuring device for inputting a human body shape and a product shape; and a correction / design device for correcting and designing a product shape according to a shape change characteristic of a human body. A shape design device, wherein the three-dimensional shape measurement device inputs a three-dimensional human body shape corresponding to a basic size, a three-dimensional human body shape corresponding to a target size, and a product shape conforming to the basic size. The correction / design device performs a free-form deformation operation on a spatial distortion pattern that converts a human body three-dimensional shape of the above-described basic size associated with an anatomical feature point into a human body three-dimensional shape of a target size. Method (Free Form Deformation
Method), and by applying the formulated spatial distortion pattern to the product shape of the basic size, the shape and size of the product that fits the human body of the target size is corrected. A three-dimensional shape designing apparatus characterized by being designable.