JP2002079235A - Device and method for accelerating decomposition of pollutant - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an apparatus and a method for decomposing pollutants in a place where pollutants are discarded or treated and to provide a system that realizes the utilization of laboratory decomposition techniques at the field. SOLUTION: This method comprises inserting a thin-wall cylindrical decomposition acceleration device comprising a water-permeable support for holding microorganisms or a chemical decomposition catalyst and a water-retentive, hydrophilic, and water-permeable wall material and having a large opening on at least its top into the surface ground of a polluted area.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to the decomposition of pollutants in a pollutant disposal or treatment plant and the purification of contaminated groundwater containing the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in a pollutant disposal site or a disposal site, only the installation of an impermeable sheet or the like is obliged.
At present, no measures have been taken with regard to the decomposition and treatment of the pollutants themselves.Therefore, if the landfill or treatment plant becomes full, it will repeatedly open new places, The former waste landfill or disposal site, which is not available, occupies a large area. As a countermeasure against this, a transparent wall is buried in the soil (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-31)
7850), but no effect on contaminants dissolved in water can be expected, and there is no measure for maintaining the initial effect. In addition, the method of pumping and treating groundwater (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. Hei 9-253688) is not practical because it requires more cost than water supply, although reliability is expected.

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to propose a method of safely and reliably contaminating pollutants in a pollutant disposal site or a treatment plant and continuously maintaining the effect thereof.

[0004]

Means for Solving the Problems A water-permeable carrier for holding a microorganism or a chemical decomposition catalyst and a wall material for supporting them, which are formed of a material having water retention, hydrophilicity, water permeability, etc. It is inserted into a vertical hole provided in the soil so that the upper edge of the thin-walled cylindrical contaminant decomposition accelerating device having a large opening at least at the top protrudes slightly above the ground surface. A device for promoting the decomposition of contaminated soil, which is installed in a pollutant disposal site or a treatment plant, is characterized by the fact that catalysts, chemicals and microorganisms for decomposing pollutants, which have been developed one after another, are actually Or it proposes an apparatus and method for use in a treatment plant.

[0005]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The embodiments of the present invention will be described. However, the embodiments of the present invention are extremely various, and the present disclosure is only a part of typical examples. However, it is needless to say that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described below.

Since the pollutant decomposition accelerating device, which is the basic device of the present invention, is buried in the soil, it needs to have sufficient strength so as not to be deformed by water pressure or earth pressure. It is good when the water retention material itself that has the required strength is good, but otherwise it is a perforated plate made of a corrosion resistant material with moderate strength, a combination of a cylindrical frame and a net material, etc. Or a structure in which a water retention material extends along the inside or outside of the cylindrical body formed by the above, or a cylindrical body having a similar structure is double-walled, and a water retention material or a mixture of a water retention material and a carrier is filled therebetween. But it is good. The filler may be powdery, granular, or massive.

[0007] The water-permeable carrier for holding the chemical decomposition catalyst or the microorganisms may be formed in a plate shape along the water retention material, or may be mixed and molded with the water retention material. Alternatively, it may be formed in a plug shape and inserted into a hole provided in a water retaining material or other wall material. It is even better if the chemical decomposition catalyst itself can be used as a carrier for microorganisms.

[0008] The point is that a thin-walled cylindrical contaminant is formed by a wall material comprising a chemical decomposition catalyst supported by a water-retentive material or a water-permeable carrier for retaining microorganisms, and has a large opening at least in the upper part. Any equipment is acceptable. Here, the cylindrical shape is not limited to a cylinder or a tube, and may have any cross-sectional shape, such as a rectangle, a triangle, a rhombus, and the like. There may be. Further, the side surface shape may be a conical shape tapering downward, an elongated trapezoidal shape, or a combination thereof. When there is no bottom, it is desirable that the lower end of the thin cylindrical body extends to the vicinity of the water stop wall. This is because it is necessary that only the moisture is held at the lower portion inside the cylindrical body.

Here, "thin wall" means that the wall thickness of the cylindrical wall is relatively thin as compared with the opening area of the upper large opening, and conversely, "large opening" means the opening area compared with the wall area of the cylindrical wall. Is relatively large.

In order to prevent foreign matter from dropping and being buried in the upper large opening, an appropriate mesh wire mesh or grid may be provided. Also, if a lid is provided on the upper large opening, rainwater does not directly enter the equipment main body, so that the decomposition effect in the main body can be maintained, and the lid can be made transparent or translucent,
Further, if a structure having a light-condensing effect is employed, the temperature inside the equipment main body increases, and the decomposition effect is improved. Hereinafter, representative embodiments will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a device for accelerating decomposition of contaminated soil. The equipment for accelerating the decomposition of pollutants composed of the water retaining wall material 1 is inserted into a vertical hole provided on the ground surface 61. The vertical hole may be a plain excavation, but it is preferable to provide a frame or the like so that the water retaining wall material 1 can easily enter and exit.

Although the carrier 2 is enclosed in the water retaining wall material 1 in the figure, it has a function of retaining the chemical decomposition catalyst or the microorganism as described above, and the water is always supplied to the place to keep it. What is necessary is just a structure which has sufficient water absorption, water retention, hydrophilicity, etc. If the contaminated soil decomposition promoting device is installed in a contaminated area, the water penetrating the water retaining wall material 1 and entering the equipment main body keeps the entire water retaining wall material 1 moist, so that the water surface 63 of the equipment main body is kept wet. Water evaporates from both the water retaining wall material 1 and the water retaining wall material 1, and contaminants are concentrated inside the equipment main body, and the decomposition of the contaminants in the carrier 2 is promoted. At the same time, there is an effect of removing water in the contaminated area, so that the risk of contaminated water overflowing from the water stop wall 7 is reduced. Microorganisms in the natural world are aerobic and anaerobic, but the effects are limited to A near the ground surface 61 and aerobic to B near the groundwater level 62 in FIG. Although the decomposition of pollutants hardly progresses in the end, in the present invention, the range of C by the carrier 2 functions as the activity range of the aerobic material, so that the decomposition of the pollutants is promoted. A catalyst can also be used effectively.

FIG. 3 shows an example of arrangement in a pollutant disposal site or a treatment site. A required number of contaminated soil decomposition promoting devices (water retaining wall materials 1) are arranged at appropriate intervals in the disposal site or the treatment site. A contaminated soil decomposition promoting device (water retaining wall material 1) equipped with a drainage device 3 is provided on the downstream side of the groundwater in the disposal site or the treatment site.
Place 1). 3 and 4, a siphon pipe 31, a water injection / air bleeding device 32, and a flow control device 33 are provided as drainage devices.
And a siphon drainage device 3 comprising: According to this drainage device, no special power is required, and the drainage is automatically drained if the siphon effect is established after checking the water quality in the vessel. If the water quality in the vessel does not reach the expected good value, a neutralizing agent, a bactericide, an activator and other necessary chemicals are added as necessary water treatment agents, and the water quality reaches a predetermined value. After confirming that the drainage operation has been performed. Since the water is discharged into groundwater outside the site after sufficient water treatment, it is possible to prevent polluted water from overflowing from the disposal site or the treatment site and causing pollution, in combination with the effect of positively evaporating.

FIG. 5 shows the tubular water retaining wall material (1, 2).
Various shapes other than 11) are shown. 12 is a cone, 13 is a trapezoidal shape, and 15 is a complex type, all of which have a large upper opening area and are easy for sunlight to enter inside, so they are effective when using microorganisms that require a photocatalyst or light beam. It is. Further, reference numeral 14 is a composite shape of a cylindrical shape and a conical shape, and is effective when it is necessary to increase the length of the water retaining wall material as in the case of 15.

FIG. 6 shows an embodiment in which a lid is provided on the large opening of the water-retaining wall material, all of which are formed of a transparent or translucent material, which raises the internal temperature and promotes evaporation and decomposition. Is what you do. 41 is a convex lens, 42 is a fish-eye lens, which is more effective due to its light-gathering effect, and 43 is a combination of these with a glass fiber 44 to introduce light rays to the lower part where light rays are hard to reach, so that photocatalyst etc. The effect is greater for those requiring light. FIG.
Is to effectively utilize the temperature rise inside to promote natural circulation of air and promote evaporation, and inside the water retention wall material 1,
An inner cylinder 16 having a large number of ventilation holes at the bottom is inserted, and a transparent lid 41 is provided at the top. According to this device, in the gap between the water-retaining wall material 1 and the inner cylinder 16, the temperature decreases due to evaporation of moisture, so that a downward flow of air is generated. Due to the upward flow, the natural circulation of air is strengthened and the evaporation of water is promoted.

FIG. 8 shows an apparatus for generating harmful gas. In this example, the transparent lid 41 is provided close to the ground surface 61, and the upper part thereof is a double wall 45 to have a heat retaining effect. A gas pipe 51 for sucking generated gas from the inside of the lid 41 is provided and introduced into the gas processing apparatus 5. In the figure, the gas treatment device 5 is provided with a radioactive substance 53 inside a decomposition device 52 to decompose contaminated gas, and further passes through an adsorption device 54 to the blower 5.
5 allows the treated air to be released into the atmosphere. The gas decomposing device 5 is not limited to this illustration, and it is necessary to employ an appropriate device according to the type of gas generated.

According to the present invention, microorganisms for decomposing contaminants, a catalyst for chemical decomposition, and the like, which have been developed one after another, can be effectively used, thereby preventing overflow of contaminated water in a contaminated area and treating contaminated water. And the decomposition of pollutants can prevent the expansion of pollutant disposal sites or treatment sites.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of an embodiment of a device for accelerating the decomposition of pollutants.

FIG. 2 is a comparison diagram of the activity range of microorganisms

FIG. 3 Example of arrangement of equipment for promoting decomposition of pollutants

FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of an embodiment of a device for accelerating the decomposition of pollutants with a drainage device.

FIG. 5 is an embodiment of a water retaining wall material.

FIG. 6 shows an embodiment of a transparent lid.

FIG. 7 is an embodiment of equipment for accelerating the decomposition of air circulating pollutants.

FIG. 8 is an embodiment of a generated gas processing apparatus.

[Explanation of symbols]

 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 water retaining wall material 2 carrier 3 siphon drainage device 4 lid 5 gas treatment device 7 water blocking wall 11 water retaining wall material 12 water retaining wall material 13 water retaining wall material 14 water retaining wall material 15 water retaining wall material 16 inner cylinder 31 siphon pipe 32 water injection / air Draining device 33 Flow rate control device 41 to 43 Cover 44 Glass fiber 45 Double wall 51 Gas pipe 52 Decomposition device 53 Radiation material 54 Adsorption device 55 Blower 61 Ground surface 62 Groundwater level 63 Internal water level 64 Outside groundwater level 65 Groundwater flow

──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) C02F 1/50 520 C12M 1/40 Z 550 C12N 1/00 R 560 B09B 3/00 E C12M 1/40 304K C12N 1/00

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A water-permeable carrier for holding a microorganism or a chemical decomposition catalyst and a wall material for supporting them, which are formed of a material having water retention, hydrophilicity, water permeability, etc. A thin tubular contaminant decomposition accelerating device having a large opening. 2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the upper edge of the pollutant decomposition accelerating device is inserted into a vertical hole provided in the soil such that the upper edge slightly protrudes above the ground surface. Contaminated soil decomposition promotion device. 3. The soil according to claim 1, wherein after adding, containing or holding a chemical decomposition catalyst or microorganisms to the pollutant decomposition promoting equipment according to claim 1, the upper edge of the equipment protrudes slightly above the ground surface. A method of removing excess moisture in soil by inserting it into a vertical hole provided in a pit and promoting the decomposition of pollutants. 4. The contaminated soil decomposition promoting device according to claim 2, wherein the inside and outside of the thin tubular contaminant decomposition promoting device are connected by a drain pipe of a drainage device. 5. The required number of the contaminated soil decomposition promoting devices according to claim 2 are installed on the downstream side of the groundwater at the pollutant disposal site or the treatment plant, and a relatively large capacity is provided at the most downstream portion of the groundwater. A contaminated soil decomposition accelerating device was installed, and a neutralizing agent, a bactericide, an activator, and other treatment chemicals were introduced into the large opening of the contaminated soil decomposition accelerating device as necessary, and the required water quality was confirmed. A wastewater treatment method for a pollutant disposal site or a treatment plant, wherein the wastewater is sometimes discharged into the groundwater outside the disposal site or the treatment plant by the drainage device.