JP2002060046A - Conveying apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a conveying apparatus capable of quantitative control whereby the amount by which a subject to be conveyed is conveyed is quantitatively determined by means of a simple structure. SOLUTION: Waste discharged from a waste retaining hopper 1 is conveyed to a conveyor 2 as the subject 40 to be conveyed and is brought into contact with a height-sensing paddle 3. One end of the paddle 3, when the subject 40 makes contact therewith, is lifted about a rotating shaft according to the height of the subject. The rotating shaft connected to the paddle 3 rotates according to the height of the subject 40. An angle sensor 4 senses the rotational angle of the rotating shaft and outputs the result to a control and arithmetic portion 5. The control and arithmetic portion 5 calculates the height of the subject 40 according to the angle sensed by the angle sensor 4 and outputs a speed signal to a speed varying portion 6 so that the amount by which the subject 40 is conveyed becomes constant according to the height calculated. The speed varying portion 6 drives a drive part 7 according to the speed signal outputted from the control and arithmetic portion 5 to vary the conveying speed of the conveyor 2.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a transfer apparatus for quantifying a transfer amount and transferring an object to be transferred.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Waste incineration and pyrolysis in a fluidized-bed furnace have a higher reaction rate than stoker combustion and the like, and a reaction occurs instantaneously upon introduction of the waste. Therefore, if the supply of refuse becomes uneven, fluctuations in the furnace pressure and excess or deficiency of the combustion air occur. On the other hand, garbage is not uniform in apparent size and has a high bridging property, making it difficult to supply quantitatively. Until now, refuse has been operated in an almost intermittent state.

In recent years, emission regulations for dioxins and the like have been tightened, and the amount of refuse is accurately measured, and the optimum fuel replenishment amount and air supply amount are set, thereby enabling stable combustion. Stable combustion has been demanded,
Quantitative control of waste has become more necessary. Conventionally, there has been proposed a method of detecting the weight of an object to be conveyed, such as a weighing conveyor (meric scale), and performing control for quantifying the amount of the object to be conveyed based on the detected weight of the object to be conveyed. Was.

[0004]

However, in the method of quantifying the amount of the conveyed object by the weighing conveyor, the construction cost of the equipment is increased because the structure of the weighing conveyor is complicated and expensive. And it took time to maintain the equipment. The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a transport device capable of performing quantitative control with a simple structure for quantifying the transport amount of a transported object.

[0005]

In order to achieve the above object, according to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for transporting an object to be carried on a transport surface and transporting the object along the transport surface. In the apparatus, detecting means for detecting a height from the conveying surface to the upper part of the object to be conveyed, and driving means for a conveying device to increase or decrease the conveying speed of the conveying surface by a height detection value supplied from the detecting means And control means for controlling According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the transport apparatus according to the first aspect, the control unit calculates a transport amount of the transported object from the height detection value and the transport speed of the transport surface, and sets the transport amount to a predetermined value. It is characterized in that the driving means is controlled so as to match the set value.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the transport device according to the first aspect, the control means is configured to control the predetermined set value Q of the transport amount.
And the height h of the conveyed object as a result of detection by the detection means
And the width W of the transport surface and the correction coefficient α,
A transport speed V of the transport surface is calculated by an equation of Q / ((h × W) × α), and a driving unit of the transport device is controlled based on the calculation result. According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the transporting device according to any one of the first to third aspects, the detecting means includes a contact portion that contacts the object to be transported, and the contact portion contacts the transport surface. And a support portion that movably supports in a direction away from and in an approaching direction.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the transport apparatus of the fourth aspect, the support portion is provided with a support shaft arranged in a width direction of the transfer surface, and the support portion is rotatable about the support shaft. And an arm portion that is supported and supports the contact portion. According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the transfer device of the fifth aspect, the contact portion is disposed so as to be able to contact the object to be transported over substantially the entire width direction of the transport surface. According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the transfer device according to the sixth aspect, the contact portion is a tip end portion of a plate-like member having one end rotatably supported around the support shaft. The invention according to claim 8 is the transport device according to any one of claims 5 to 7,
The control means receives the supply of the detected value of the rotation angle of the support shaft and calculates the height of the transported object from the detected value.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, in the transporting apparatus according to the eighth aspect, the control means includes: a height H from the transport surface to the support shaft; a rotation angle θ of the support shaft;
Based on the length r from the support shaft to the contact portion, h
= H− (cos θ × r), wherein the height h of the conveyed object is calculated. According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, in a transporting device that transports an object to be transported along the transporting surface by mounting the transported object on the transporting surface, It is movably supported in the approaching direction, and the height of the transported object is detected based on the amount of movement in the separating direction and the approaching direction.

[0009]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a transfer device according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram showing a configuration of a transport device according to an embodiment of the present invention. In this figure, a refuse storage hopper 1 temporarily stores municipal waste (general waste) crushed by a crusher or the like in a hopper, and discharges the municipal waste as a transported object 40 to a transport conveyor 2 by a fixed amount. Conveyor 2
Transports the transported object 40 discharged from the trash storage hopper 1 in the direction of the arrow indicated by the reference numeral 20 and puts it into the fluidized bed pyrolysis gasifier. The transport conveyor 2 is, for example, a transfer-type conveyor such as an apron conveyor.

The height detecting paddle 3 is a plate-like member set to have the same width as the conveyor 2. One end of the height detection paddle 3 is combined with a rotating shaft (not shown).
The other end (reference numeral 30) of the height detection paddle 3 moves in the direction of the arrow (reference numeral 31) according to the height of the transported object transported by the transport conveyor 2. Thereby, the rotation angle of the rotation shaft combined with one end of the height detection paddle 3 changes. The angle detector 4 detects the rotation angle of the rotation shaft.

Next, the configuration of the height detecting paddle 3 and the angle detector 4 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an external configuration of the height detection paddle 3 and the angle detector 4. In this figure, the angle detector 4 and the support shaft 110 are mounted on a base member 100 via a fixing member. The height detection paddle 3 is fixed to the support shaft 110 via a fixing member (not shown), and the height detection paddle 3 corresponds to the height of the transferred object reaching the contact portion indicated by the other end (reference numeral 30) with the support shaft 110 as a rotation axis. Move in the direction of the arrow indicated by reference numeral 130. The movement of the height detection paddle 3 causes the support shaft 1
The rotation angle of 10 (rotation axis) changes. Angle detector 4
Detects the rotation angle of the support shaft 110 and outputs the detection result to the control calculation unit 5. The angle detector 4 is attached to the support shaft 110 via a coupling 120.

The coupling 120 is an elastic member made of a material such as rubber, for example. The object to be conveyed is unevenly arranged in the width direction of the conveying surface and is conveyed. When the end (reference numeral 30) is reached, the left and right heights of the other end do not match in the width direction of the transport surface. Thereby, the inclination generated in the width direction of the support shaft 110 is absorbed. In addition, the coupling 120 is moved vertically (reference numeral 130) of the height detection paddle 3 transmitted through the support shaft 110.
(In the direction of the arrow indicated by). Thus, by absorbing the inclination of the support shaft 110 and the vertical vibration of the height detection paddle 3 by the coupling 120,
The angle detector 4 is prevented from being damaged. The base member 10 on which the height detection paddle 3 and the angle detector 4 are configured and mounted as described above.
0 is mounted on the transfer surface of the transfer device via the mounting hole 140. The height detecting paddle 3 and the angle detector 4 correspond to a detecting means.

The control operation unit 5 calculates the height of the transferred object 40 according to the rotation angle of the rotation shaft detected by the angle detector 4. Here, when the transport speed at which the transport conveyor 2 transports the transported object 40 is constant, the instantaneous transport amount of the transported object is proportional to the height of the transported object, as shown in the following equation (1). I do. Q = α × h × W × V (1) (where Q is the transport amount of the transported object 40, and α is the volume of the transported object 40 calculated from the height h of the transported object 40) A correction coefficient for converting to the mass of the transported object 40, h is the height of the transported object 40, W is the conveyor width of the transport conveyor 2, V is the transport speed of the transport conveyor 2,

Therefore, the control operation unit 5 controls the transport speed of the transport conveyor 2 according to the height of the transported object so that the transported amount of the transported object 40 becomes constant. That is, the control operation unit 5 calculates the transport speed from the formula (1) based on the following formula (2), generates a speed signal corresponding to the calculated transport speed, and generates a speed signal. Output to V = Q ÷ ((h × W) × α) (2) Here, the transport amount Q used in the equation (2) is the amount of the transported object 40 to be charged into the fluidized bed pyrolysis gasifier. A set value set according to the input amount is used. When the height h of the transported object is 0, the control calculation unit 5 generates a speed signal based on the transport speed V set in advance.

Here, the calculation of the height h of the transferred object 40 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram for explaining the configuration of the detecting means in the configuration of FIG. In this figure, the angle detector height H is the height at the center of the rotating shaft 110 attached to the angle detector 4. The paddle length r is a length from one end of the height detection paddle 3 to the other end. The detection angle θ is an angle formed by a vertical plane passing through the support shaft 110 and the height detection paddle 3. This detection angle θ
Is a variable corresponding to the height h of the transported object 40. The control calculation unit 5 calculates the height h of the transported object 40 based on these values and the following equation (3). h = H− (cos θ × r) (3)

The variable speed section 6 drives the drive section 7 in accordance with the speed signal output from the control operation section 5. As the variable speed unit 6, for example, VVVF (variable voltage / variable frequency inverter) is used. The driving unit 7 is connected to the roller 8, and drives the transport conveyor 2 by rotating the roller 8 to transport the transported object 40. As the driving unit 7, for example, a three-phase induction motor is used.

Next, the operation of the transport device in the configuration of FIG. 1 will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. First, the dust discharged from the dust storage hopper 1 is transported by the transport conveyor 2 in the direction of the arrow (reference numeral 20) as the transported object 40, and comes into contact with the height detection paddle 3. When the transferred object 40 comes into contact with the other end (reference numeral 30) of the height detection paddle 3, the other end (reference numeral 30) corresponds to the direction of the arrow (reference numeral 3) according to the height of the transferred object.
Go to 1). Thus, the rotating shaft to which the height detection paddle 3 is connected rotates according to the height of the transferred object 40.

On the other hand, the angle detector 4 detects the rotation angle θ of the rotation shaft (step S11), and outputs the detection result to the control calculation unit 5. The control calculation unit 5 calculates the height h of the transported object 40 based on the detection result of the angle detector 4 and Expression (3) (Step S12). Next, the control calculation unit 5
Height h of transferred object 40 calculated in step S12
The transport speed V is calculated based on the value of (2) and the equation (2) (step S13). Then, the control calculation unit 5 generates a speed signal according to the calculation result, and outputs the generated speed signal to the variable speed unit 6 (Step S14). The variable speed unit 6
The drive unit 7 is driven to change the transport speed of the transport conveyor 2 so that the transport speed corresponds to the speed signal output from the control calculation unit 5. Thus, by setting the transport speed of the transport conveyor 2 according to the height of the transported object 40, the transport amount of the transported object 40 can be made constant,
This makes it possible to keep the amount of the transferred object 40 charged into the fluidized furnace or the like.

Next, the transport device in the configuration of FIG. 1 will be described using specific numerical values. First, as shown in FIG. 5, when the height H of the angle detector is 0.25 [m] and the paddle length r is 0.4 [m], and the height h [m] of the transferred object is calculated. Detected angle θ = 51.3 [°] Transport amount (input amount) Q = 15 [kg / min] Correction coefficient α = 140 (where the correction coefficient α is an apparent specific gravity in this embodiment. When the conveyor width W is 1.0 [m], the height h of the transported object 40 is 0 [m] based on the above value and the equation (3). It is calculated that there is. In this case, a predetermined speed set in advance is set as the transport speed.

Next, a case where the detection angle θ is detected to be 82.8 [°] will be described. In this case, the detected angle θ (= 82.8) and the angle detector height H (=
0.25), the paddle length r (= 0.4), and the equation (3), it is calculated that the height h of the transported object 40 is 0.2 [m]. The height h of the transferred object 40
(= 0.2) and (2), the transport speed V is set to 0.
It is calculated to be 54 [m / min]. And
The control calculation unit 5 generates a speed signal corresponding to the transport speed V, which is the calculation result, and outputs the speed signal to the variable speed unit 6. In this way, the speed of the transport conveyor 2 is controlled according to the calculated transport speed, and the amount of the transported object 40 to the fluidized bed pyrolysis gasifier can be controlled to be constant.

Further, as described above, since the amount of the material to be conveyed to the fluidized bed pyrolysis gasifier can be kept constant, the furnace pressure can be stabilized, the generation amount of pyrolysis gas can be stabilized, and so on. The stable operation of the pyrolysis gas combustion furnace and the stable operation of the exhaust gas treatment system become possible, and the throughput can be increased. In addition, since it becomes possible to make the input amount of the conveyed object constant, it is possible to operate each part of the equipment in a stable state, and thus it is possible to perform a stable operation even near the capacity limit of the equipment, It is possible to increase the processing amount.

In the above embodiment, the case where the height detecting paddle 3 is set to the same width as the conveyor 2 has been described. However, the width of the height detecting paddle 3 is not necessarily the same as the width of the conveyor 2. It is not necessary. When the width of the plate-like member is smaller than the width of the transport conveyor 2, the plate-like member may be provided at the center or the end in the width direction. However, in consideration of improving the accuracy of detecting the height of the transported object, it is preferable that the width is equal to the width of the transport conveyor 2.

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the first embodiment, the case where the height detection paddle 3 is configured by one plate-like member has been described. In this embodiment, however, a plurality of narrow plate-like members are formed in the width direction of the transport conveyor 2. Will be described.

For example, a case where four height detection paddles 3 are provided in the width direction of the conveyor will be described. FIG.
Four height detection paddles 3 are provided in the width direction of the conveyor,
It is a conceptual diagram showing the cross section of the conveyor 2 for explaining the case where the height h of the to-be-conveyed object 40 is detected. In this figure, h1 to h4 are the detection angles θ detected by the four height detection paddles 3 and the height of the transported object calculated based on the equation (3). As shown in this figure, when four height detection paddles 3 are provided on the transport conveyor, the control calculation unit 5 determines the cross-sectional areas S1 to S3 between h1 to h4 and the detection positions of the four height detection paddles 3. It is calculated based on L1 to L3.

Next, the calculation of the sectional areas S1 to S3 will be described. The cross-sectional area S1 is calculated based on the following equation (4). S1 = L1 × h1 + L1 × (h2−h1) ÷ 2 = L1 × (h1 + h2) ÷ 2 (4) Hereinafter, similar to the expression (4), the sectional area S2 and the sectional area S3 are represented by (5) and (6). ) Is calculated based on the equation shown in the equation. S2 = L2 × (h2 + h3) ÷ 2 (5) S3 = L3 × (h3 + h4) ÷ 2 (6)

Then, as shown in the equation (7), the cross-sectional areas S1 to S3 calculated by the above equations (4), (5) and (6) are converted into (h × W) in the equation (2). And the transport speed V is calculated. V = Q ÷ ((h × W) × α) (2) = Q ÷ ((S1 + S2 + S3) × α) (7) In this way, when a plurality of paddles are provided, the control operation unit 5 is to detect the height of the transported object 40 and determine the transport speed V
Is calculated, and a speed control signal is generated based on the calculation result.

As described above, according to the second embodiment, since a plurality of height detection paddles 3 are provided, the height detection paddles 3 are formed of a single plate-like member. It is possible to more accurately detect the height of the transported object 40 in the width direction, and thereby it is possible to accurately grasp the transport state of the transported object 40. Can be reduced. Further, in the second embodiment, since a plurality of height detection paddles 3 are provided in the width direction of the conveyor, the width of the conveyor is smaller than when the height detection paddle 3 is a single plate-like member. Since the height of the transferred object 40 in the direction can be detected more accurately, the present invention is particularly applied to a case where the transferred object does not ride on the conveyor uniformly. Further, in the second embodiment, the height of each point is detected by the plurality of height detection paddles 3, and the amount of the object 40 on the conveyor is calculated by calculating the cross-sectional area. ,
The height of each point of the height detection paddle 3 may be subjected to data averaging processing and used as height data as the above-described speed control calculation. In this case, the present invention is applied to a case where the conveying device has a wide conveyor.

Further, in the second embodiment, the case where four height detection paddles 3 are provided has been described. However, four or more height detection paddles 3 are provided, and the detection result of each height detection paddle 3 is used. The transport speed V may be calculated based on the calculated value.

The case where a plate-shaped member is used as the height detection paddle 3 in the first and second embodiments has been described. However, the height detection paddle 3 is made of, for example, a stainless steel plate. The height of the transported object may be made uniform by its own weight to improve the detection accuracy of the height of the transported object.

It is preferable to use a pulse encoder as the angle detector 4 in terms of improving environmental resistance and simplifying the device. Also, the conveyor 2
It is also possible to provide a device for leveling the upper conveyed object, and to level the conveyed object before reaching the height detection paddle 3. As a result, there is little variation in the height of the transferred object,
The accuracy of height detection can be improved, and the effect of easily controlling the input amount to the fluidized furnace to a constant amount can be obtained.

Further, the correction coefficient α is used as a value including the conveyor width W, the equation (1) is set to Q = α × H × V, and based on this equation, the equation (2) is changed to V = Q ÷ (H × α) The transport speed may be calculated as follows.

In the above embodiment, the case where the transport device transports garbage has been described. However, the transport device can be applied to the case where food, powder, stone, and the like are transported. Further, in the above-described embodiment, a case has been described in which a belt conveyor is applied as a transport device. However, the transport device is not limited to this, and a roller conveyor, a chain conveyor, or the like can be applied. The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, the specific configuration is not limited to the embodiments, and includes a design and the like within a range not departing from the gist of the present invention.

[0033]

As described above, according to the present invention, the height of the transferred object is detected, and the transfer amount of the transferred object is fixed based on the transfer speed of the conveyor and the height of the transferred object. A speed signal for controlling the conveyor is generated based on the speed signal, and the conveyor is driven based on the speed signal. Therefore, the transport amount of the object to be transported can be quantified with a simple structure. The effect that the installation cost of a device can be reduced is acquired. Furthermore, according to the present invention, a plate-like member that rotates about a rotation axis in accordance with the height of a conveyed object is provided above the conveyor, and the rotation angle at which the rotation axis rotates is detected. Since the height of the transported object can be detected by the simple structure, the effect of improving the reliability of the components of the detecting means can be obtained. Further, according to the present invention, the transport amount of the transported object can be quantified with a simple structure, so that it is possible to reduce the labor required for maintenance and management of the equipment as compared with the related art. Is obtained. Further, according to the present invention, the plate-shaped member is set to have the same width as the conveyor, so that the height of the conveyed object can be accurately detected. The effect of carrying can be obtained.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram illustrating a configuration of a transport device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an external configuration of a height detection paddle 3 and an angle detector 4;

FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram for explaining a configuration of a detection unit in the configuration of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the transport device in the configuration of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a conceptual diagram for describing the transport device in the configuration of FIG. 1 using specific numerical values.

FIG. 6 is a conceptual diagram showing a cross section of the conveyor 2 for explaining a case where four height detection paddles 3 are provided in the width direction of the conveyor and the height h of the object 40 is detected.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Garbage storage hopper 2 Conveyor 3 Height detection paddle 4 Angle detector 5 Control operation part 6 Variable speed part 7 Drive part

Claims (10)

[Claims] 1. A transport device for loading an object to be transported on a transport surface and transporting the transport object along the transport surface, a detecting means for detecting a height from the transport surface to an upper portion of the transport object, Control means for controlling driving means of the transfer device to increase or decrease the transfer speed of the transfer surface according to the height detection value supplied from the means. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the control unit calculates a transport amount of the object to be transported from the height detection value and a transport speed of the transport surface, and controls a driving unit so that the transport amount matches a predetermined set value. The transport device according to claim 1, wherein: 3. The control means includes: a predetermined set value Q of a conveyance amount; a height h of the conveyed object as a detection result of the detection means; a width W of the conveyance surface; and a correction coefficient α. The transport speed V of the transport surface is calculated by the following formula: V = Q / ((h × W) × α), and the driving unit of the transport device is controlled based on the calculation result. Transport device in 1. 4. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the detecting unit includes a contact portion that contacts the object to be transported, and a support portion that movably supports the contact portion in a direction away from and close to the transport surface. The transport device according to claim 1, wherein the transport device includes: 5. The support section includes a support shaft arranged in a width direction of the transport surface, and an arm portion rotatably supported about the support shaft and supporting the contact portion. The transport device according to claim 4, wherein: 6. The transport apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the contact portion is arranged so as to be able to contact the transported object over substantially the entire width direction of the transport surface. 7. The transporting device according to claim 6, wherein the contact portion is a tip end of a plate-like member rotatably supported at one end about the support shaft. 8. The apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the control means receives a supply of a detected value of the rotation angle of the support shaft and calculates the height of the transported object from the detected value. The transfer device according to any one of the above. 9. The controller according to claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to determine a height H from the transport surface to the support shaft, a rotation angle θ of the support shaft, and a length r from the support shaft to the contact portion. 9. The transport device according to claim 8, wherein the height h of the transported object is calculated based on an equation: H− (cos θ × r). 10. A transport device for mounting an object to be transported on a transport surface and transporting the transport object along the transport surface, wherein a direction in which a contact portion that contacts the object to be transported moves away from and approaches the transport surface. A height of the object to be transported in the transport device, wherein the height of the object to be transported is detected based on the amount of movement in the separating direction and the approaching direction.