JP2002042348A - Optical disk, optical disk device, and method for recording /reproducing information - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an optical disk, using an index header capable of improving a recording density. SOLUTION: This information recording method is for recording information on an optical disk, on which information is recorded in a spiral track. This method includes a step of determining whether a recording field having a header field for recording address data and a data field for recording the information intersects an index header; and a step of dividing the recording field into two sub-recording fields, when the determination step determines that the recording field intersects the recording index header, and recording identical address data in the header fields of the two sub-recording fields, with respect to an optical disk having the index header for recording the address data of each track, with an embosment formed along the radial direction of the disk, so as to shield the spiral track.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to an information recording medium such as an optical disk capable of recording and reproducing data.

[0002] The present invention also relates to an optical disc apparatus for recording or reproducing information on or from the above-mentioned optical disc, an information recording method and an information reproducing method.

[0003]

2. Description of the Related Art In a rewritable optical disk capable of repeatedly recording data at an arbitrary position on a disk and reproducing data at an arbitrary position, for example, a groove for tracking is used as seen in the international standard ISO / IEC14760. Data is recorded in sector units along the groove. Each sector includes an address field formed by embossed pits and a data field in which data is rewritten. Data (for example, a capacity of 512 bytes) and a correction code of the data are recorded in the data field.

On the other hand, a diameter of 12
0mm DVD-RAM rewritable optical disc (ISO / IEC168
In 24), data is recorded without gaps both in the meandering groove groove (hereinafter, this meandering is called wobble) and in the flat portion between the groove grooves called land. Data is recorded in error correction block units (1 ECC block) consisting of 16 sectors including 2048 bytes of data per sector, as in the case of a DVD-ROM (ISO / IEC16448) which is a read-only optical disk in order to improve the error correction capability. Data recording is performed.

On the other hand, on this disk, the CAPA (Complemen
Address information called "tary Allocated Pit Address" is formed. The CAPA is formed between the land and the groove so that address information can be extracted whether the optical head is in the groove or the land. Data is recorded in units of one ECC block, but on an actual disk, data is recorded continuously in 16 physical sectors.

[0006] A disk is divided into a plurality of zones in the radial direction, and a constant rotation speed is set in each zone.
onstant Liner Velocity) recording method is used.
The number of zones is determined so as to increase by one sector from the point of format efficiency. The embossed pits are aligned so as to be at the same position from the inner circumference to the outer circumference in the zone. The data is L & G recording recorded on both lands and grooves, but a single spiral recording method is used in which lands and grooves are switched every lap in order to perform seamless recording in a zone.

As described above, when recording is performed on a sector basis, the alignment of pit information is easy, so that it is not necessary to consider the influence of emboss pits in the data rewrite area. Since the physical address is determined for each sector, recording at an arbitrary address on the disk is possible, and there is a possibility that data can be recorded without initialization. Further, since address information is always obtained in sector units, it is suitable for recording random data, such as shortening the seek time and enabling slipping in sector units when there is a defect.

[0008]

As a method of recording information on an optical disk, a CLV that always keeps a constant linear velocity for scanning a light spot even if the radial position of a track being recorded / reproduced is different.
There is a CAV method and a CAV method that always keeps the rotation number of the disk constant even when the radial position of the track being recorded and reproduced is different. With the CLV method, the recording density can be made uniform over the entire disc. On the other hand, in the CAV method, although the circumference of the track is longer at the outer circumference, the capacity to be recorded on one track at the inner circumference and the outer circumference is equal, so that the recording density decreases toward the outer circumference of the disk. Therefore, when the recording density on the inner track is the same, the capacity that can be recorded on the entire disc is larger in the CLV system than in the CAV system. For this reason, the conventional DVD-ROM and the like adopt the CLV method. On the other hand, the conventional DVD-RAM cannot adopt the CLV method due to the problem of emboss pit arrangement described later, and adopts the ZCLV method.

Here, the problem of the emboss pit arrangement of the DVD-RAM will be described. In DVD-RAM, due to tracking and signal crosstalk problems, adjacent emboss pit sections are arranged in the radial direction so that tracks in the part radially adjacent to the emboss pit section do not become data recording parts. I have. When adjacent emboss pit sections are arranged in the radial direction, the number of sectors per track in the inner circumference and the outer circumference of the disk becomes the same. This is an arrangement similar to that of the CAV system. Therefore, in the method of arranging the emboss pit sections, there is a problem that the recording density in the track direction decreases toward the outer periphery of the disk. Therefore, DVD-RAM employs a ZCLV recording method in which the entire surface of the disc is divided into several zones in the radial direction. In the ZCLV system, the number of sectors in one round of the track is the same in each zone, that is, the CAV system is used.
The recording density is increased by increasing the number of sectors in one round of the track in the zone on the outer peripheral side. However, even in the ZCLV recording method, the recording density in the track direction on the outer peripheral side is lower than that on the inner peripheral side in each zone. further,
Since the narrowest width of this zone is determined by the length of one sector, the recording frequency between the zones jumps greatly. For this reason, if a large amount of data such as video is to be continuously recorded, time is required for crossing zones, and thus there are problems such as a decrease in transfer rate and difficulty in seamless recording.

Further, in the method of recording the emboss pit address information in sector units as in the conventional DVD-RAM, in addition to the address information area (header field) in each sector, data recording / reproduction is performed. Buffer area to respond to changes in the actual sector length on the disk caused by fluctuations in the rotation of the disk or eccentricity, etc.To respond to random shifts in the recording position and deterioration of the start and end when using the phase change recording method The area other than the area for recording the original data, such as the guard area of the
This causes a significant decrease in format efficiency.

In addition, in the DVD-RAM, CAPA, which is address information formed by embossed pits, is formed between a land track and a groove track. The information will be reproduced. For this reason, there are factors such as difficulty in forming emboss pits for obtaining a good reproduction signal therefrom, and difficulty in adjusting an optical head for reading the signal.

There is a problem that the format difference between the DVD-ROM and the DVD-RAM is large due to the above-mentioned difference in the recording / reproducing method and the presence / absence of a buffer.

On the other hand, as a method of recording data without forming address information in sector units on an optical disk, for example, a groove on an optical disk is wobbled as employed in a CD-R or CD-RW to address the data. There is a method of recording information as an FM signal and recording data in error correction block units based on the information. Further, in DVD-R, data is recorded using an address used for data recording using land pre-pits provided so as not to be affected by a DVD-ROM drive. In any case, since the address of the error correction block is determined only after data is recorded, it is generally difficult to record data at an arbitrary position without waste. In addition, there is a termination process after data recording, and recording of dummy data over several hundred tracks requires extra time for data recording. Therefore, such a format is suitable for recording continuous data such as video data, but is not suitable for recording fragmented data such as a computer file.

Therefore, the group of the present inventors manages the address of a sector by an index header and a wobble before the physical format, and furthermore, after the physical format and the recording, stores the address information in the header portion of the written recording field. Application to manage addresses by having
(Japanese Patent Application No. 11-336613). Thereby, the problem of emboss pit arrangement is improved. However, further studies have been made on improving the recording density.

In Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 09-27127, there is a method in which a track for one rotation is divided into a sector and a plurality of segments different from the sector, and the address of the segment is recorded and formed on the track in advance. However, in this case, there is a problem in that management information increases because management is performed by two types of sectors and segments.

An object of the present invention is to provide an optical disk, an optical disk device, an information recording method, and an information reproducing method with an improved recording density, with the object of solving the above-mentioned problems.

[0017]

In order to achieve the above object, an optical disk according to the present invention is an optical disk capable of recording information on a spiral track, wherein address data of each track blocks the spiral track. An index header recorded by embossing formed along the radial direction of the disc, and a recording field having a header field for recording address data and a data field for recording the information on the spiral track, When the address data of the recording field is recorded as the address data of the header field, and when the recording field is recorded so as to cross the index header, the subfield crosses the index header. As a recording field While being recorded, each header field of the two sub recording fields are those that are configured with the same address data is recorded, the recording field is recorded or reproduced at a linear velocity constant.

In the data field of the recording field, data of one ECC (Error Collection Code) block length is recorded.

The spiral track has wobbles, and the wobbles have a constant spatial frequency.

The wobble of the spiral track is started from the index header, and an area located before the next index header and having a length shorter than one cycle of the wobble is adjusted. It is assumed that.

Further, when the recording field is configured in sync frame units, and when the recording field crosses the index header, an area before the next index header and shorter than the sync frame unit is determined. This is an adjustment area.

Further, the optical disk apparatus of the present invention is an optical disk apparatus for recording information on an optical disk capable of recording information on a spiral track, wherein the address data of each track blocks the spiral track. On an optical disk having an index header recorded by embossing formed in the radial direction of the spiral track, a recording field having a header field for recording address data and a data field for recording the information is lined on the spiral track. Recording means for recording at a constant speed, and when the recording field crosses the index header and records, the recording means records the index header as two intersecting sub-recording fields; Two sub-record fields It is characterized in that it has configured to record the same address data to each header fields.

The spiral track of the optical disk has a wobble, and the recording means records the recording field at a constant linear velocity using the wobble of the optical disk.

[0024] The recording means may include 1 ECC (Error Collection Code) in a data field of the recording field.
e) The block length data is recorded.

[0025] The recording means may store information different from the information in an area located in front of an index header that appears next to the wobble of the spiral track starting from the index header, and , In an area having a length shorter than one cycle of the wobble.

The recording means may store information different from the information in a case where the recording field is composed of sync frames and the recording field intersects the index header. Is recorded in an area shorter than the sync frame unit.

Further, the optical disk device of the present invention is an optical disk device for reproducing information from an optical disk capable of recording information on a spiral track, wherein the address data of each track interrupts the spiral track. An index header recorded by embossing formed in the radial direction of the disc so as to have a header field for recording address data and a data field for recording the information on the spiral track. When the address data of the recording field is recorded as the address data of the header field, and when the recording field is recorded crossing the index header, the recording field intersects the index header. And the same address data is recorded in each header field of the two sub-recording fields, and a reproducing means for reproducing the information from the optical disc at a constant linear velocity. It is provided with.

The spiral track of the optical disk has a wobble, and the reproducing means reproduces the recording field at a constant linear velocity by using the wobble of the optical disk.

Further, according to the information recording method of the present invention, there is provided an information recording method for recording information on an optical disk capable of recording information on a spiral track, wherein address data of each track blocks the spiral track. For an optical disc having an index header recorded by embossing formed along the radial direction of the disc, a recording field having a header field for recording address data and a data field for recording the information at a constant linear velocity is provided. A step of determining whether or not an index header intersects, and, if the recording field intersects the index header, divides the recording field into two sub-recording fields, Record field header file It is obtained by a step of recording the same address data to Rudo.

The spiral track of the optical disc has wobbles, and the recording step records the recording field at a constant linear velocity using wobbles of the optical disc.

In the recording step, one ECC (Error Collect) may be added to a data field of the recording field.
ion Code) block length data is recorded.

Further, according to the information reproducing method of the present invention, the information reproducing method for reproducing information from an optical disk capable of recording information on a spiral track, wherein the optical disk has an address data of each track, An index header recorded by embossing formed along the radial direction of the disc so as to block
On the spiral track, there is provided a header field for recording address data and a recording field having a data field for recording the information, and the address data of the recording field is recorded as the address data of the header field. When a field is recorded crossing the index header, the recording field is recorded as two sub-recording fields crossing the index header, and each header field of the two sub-recording fields has The same address data is recorded,
A reproducing step of reproducing the information from the optical disk at a constant linear velocity.

The spiral track of the optical disk has a wobble, and the reproducing step includes:
Using the wobble of the optical disc, reproduction is performed so that the recording field has a constant linear velocity.

In addition, the optical disk, which is a disk-shaped information recording medium, is formed by aligning spiral tracks with each other in the radial direction of the disk so as to cut off the spiral tracks. An address header of each track has an embossed index header, and a recording field of a predetermined track length having a header field for recording address data and a data field for recording various data is recorded on the spiral track. At the same time, the address data of this recording field is recorded in the header field, and when one recording field straddles the index header, one recording field is divided into two sub recording fields to straddle the index header. Record this Luo header field to people two sub recording fields each address data is described,
And a data field in which various data are recorded, and the same address data is recorded in the header field recorded in each of these two sub-recording fields. It is recorded in. When rewriting the recording field once recorded, the header field is not rewritten, and only the data field is rewritten.

Further, in the information recording medium, the spiral track has a wobble, the spatial frequency of the wobble is constant, and the rotation speed of the disk and the data recording clock frequency can be determined based on the wobble frequency.

Further, in the information recording medium, when the start point of the wobble is aligned with the index header and arranged at a constant spatial frequency, the wobble having a length less than one cycle at the end of one round of the track is adjusted for the wobble. Area.

Further, when the recording field is recorded on the spiral track, when one recording field straddles the index header, the information recording medium converts one recording field into two sub-recording fields, and The recording is performed over the header, but at this time, if the recording field is divided in units of sync frames, the recording fields can be arranged next to the index header along the track when the recording fields are sequentially arranged on the spiral track. A portion shorter than one sync frame length, in which a recording field cannot be arranged in sync frame units, is set as an adjustment region for recording field division.

Further, in the information recording medium, the spiral track has a groove shape in the adjustment area, and information can be recorded while tracking the groove.

Further, the information recording medium has an emboss pit section in the adjustment area.

Further, the information recording medium has a recording pattern having a known mark length in the adjustment area, and by using the recording pattern as a training pattern, it is possible to optimize waveform equalization and crosstalk canceller conditions. Making it possible. Also, the reproduction signal of the condition or the training pattern can be used for measuring the tilt amount of the disc.

Further, in the information recording medium, the recording pattern is arranged at least every other track.

Further, the information recording medium has information for copy prevention in the adjustment area.

Further, in the information recording medium, the adjustment area can be used as a test recording area for optimizing recording conditions.

Further, in the information recording medium, the test recording area is arranged at least every other track.

As described above, by recording information on the information recording medium by the CLV method, the recording density in the track direction was increased as compared with the conventional case, and the recording capacity of the disk was greatly improved. Further, since the entire surface of the disk is not divided into zones, continuous data can be recorded seamlessly.

The spiral track has wobbles, and these wobbles are arranged on a disk at a constant spatial frequency. The rotation speed of the optical disk and the clock frequency for recording are determined based on the frequency of the wobble. Since the reproduction signal is synchronized with the wobble signal, the buffer provided in the recording field for absorbing eccentricity and rotational fluctuation can be made shorter than before.

When data is recorded for the first time without physically formatting the disc, the address information of the physical track is read from the index header arranged at one place in one round. The physical position within one round is accurately determined by counting wobbles from the index header. Therefore, data can be randomly recorded at a desired position without physically formatting the disk.

When the spiral track has a groove and the groove has a wobble, the groove can be ended at an arbitrary position in the adjustment area for the wobble. If the end position of the groove is determined so that the groove length of one track is a multiple of the length of one wobble, the counting of the number of wobbles is simplified.

If an adjustment area for recording field division is used, one recording field can be divided into two sub recording fields in sync frame units. Since a sync code for synchronization is added to each sync frame, when a recording field is divided in sync frame units, signal synchronization when reproducing information of a sub-record field is facilitated.

Further, by arranging a training pattern for waveform equalization, a crosstalk canceller, a tilt amount detection, a test recording area for optimizing recording conditions, and information for copy prevention in an adjustment area, recording is performed. Higher-precision recording and reproduction of information can be realized without lowering the format efficiency in the field.

Further, by arranging the training pattern and the test recording area at least every other track,
In addition to reducing the effect of crosstalk on adjacent tracks, the effect of crosstalk can be measured by reproducing tracks adjacent to the known pattern area.

Further, since the adjustment area is distributed in the entire radius direction of the disk, even if there is a difference in the amount of tilt due to a difference in the radius of the disk or a difference in the recording and waveform equalization conditions, the amount of tilt in each radius is different. Measurement and optimization of recording and waveform equalization conditions.

Further, the physical position of the adjustment area is determined from the arrangement of the index header, the wobble, and the recording field even when the disk is not physically formatted.
In addition, if you play the signal along the track,
Since the adjustment area always exists immediately before or immediately after the index header, it is easy to search for information arranged in this adjustment area, and furthermore, it does not hinder continuous recording.

According to the information recording medium described above,
Both continuous data and random data can be recorded on the entire surface of the optical disk without waste. Further, the recording density can be improved by supporting the CLV recording method. Also, without lowering the recording field format efficiency,
Training patterns, copy protection information, and test recording areas can be arranged in the entire radial direction of the disc.

Further, since the format is high, the CLV recording method is used, and there is no zone on the disc, this format can be used for a recording / reproducing disc and a read-only disc in the same manner.

[0056]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

First, a recordable optical disk according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described. 1 is a diagram showing the entire optical disc, FIG. 2 is a track configuration of the optical disc, FIG. 3 is an embodiment of an adjustment area arrangement, FIG. 4 is an embodiment of an index header, FIG. 5 is an embodiment of a recording field 15, and FIG. FIG. 6 shows the relationship between the recording field 15 and the sub recording fields.

As shown in FIG. 1, the optical disk 10 has a spiral track composed of groove tracks 13 having a groove shape.
(Recording track). Furthermore, this optical disk
10 has an index header 12 that is radially aligned to block the spiral track,
An adjustment area a201 for wobbles is provided on one or both sides of the index header 12, and an adjustment area b202 for dividing the recording field 15 in sync frame units is provided outside the adjustment area a201. The end position of the spiral track is adjusted by this adjustment area.

The spiral track of the optical disk 10 has a groove shape. When the light beam scans along the spiral track, the index header 12 appears only once per track so that the index header 12 appears once per track. 12 are aligned. An adjustment area is arranged adjacent to the index header 12 along the track.

However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, when a light beam scans along a spiral track, the index header 12 may be aligned at two locations on the disk so that the index header 12 appears twice per track. Further, the index header 12 may be aligned at three or more locations on the disk. Further, the adjustment area may be arranged between all the index headers and the recording fields 15, or a place where no adjustment area is arranged may be provided. Only the adjustment area a201 and only the adjustment area b202 may be arranged.

The spiral track is as shown in FIG.
Wobbling is performed by a sinusoidal wobble signal. The spatial frequency of this wobble is constant throughout the disk. Groove tracks when playing an optical disc
A light beam for reproduction is irradiated along 13 and reflected light of the light beam from this track is detected. Then, the data reflected on the reflected light is reproduced. At this time, the reflected light also includes a wobble component. That is, a wobble component included in the reflected light can be detected and extracted as a wobble signal. From the extracted wobble signal, a rotation control signal of a spindle motor and a clock signal used for recording data can be generated. As a result, accurate recording can be performed without being affected by rotation fluctuations of the motor.

For example, when data is recorded on the optical disk 10, a predetermined number of recordable fields 15 in which data can be rewritten are recorded on the spiral track. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 5, the recording field 15 includes a header field 19 for storing address data of the recording field 15 and a data field for storing various data.
20 and. In the recording field 15, data is recorded in units of one ECC block. The ECC block will be described later. Once the address is recorded in the header field 19 by formatting etc., unless it is formatted again,
The address recorded in the header field 19 is not rewritten. The data field 20 is rewritten each time rewriting occurs.

When the recording field 15 is continuously recorded on the track, a certain recording field 15 may intersect with the index header 12. This is the case of the recording field 1500 of FIG. 2, in which one recording field 15 formed by a predetermined track length is
May be divided into two recording fields 1500-1 and 1500-2. This two separated recording fields
1500-1 and 1500-2 are set as a sub recording field a16 and a sub recording field b17. At this time, by appropriately selecting the length of the adjustment area b202, the recording field is recorded at a desired position.
15 can be divided.

As described above, each recording field 15
It has a header field 19 for storing its own address and a data field 20 for storing various data. As shown in FIG. 6, the sub recording field a16 and the sub recording field b17 also include a header field 19 and a sub data field 43. Sub record field
a16 header field 19 and sub-record field b17
In the header field 19, the same address data is stored. Further, in order to be recorded in the sub-recording field a16 and the sub-recording field b17, the data of one ECC block is divided and recorded into the sub-data field 43 of the sub-recording field a16 and the sub-data field 45 of the sub-recording field b17. You.

As shown in FIG. 4, the index header 12
Are Ha header 30, Hb header 31, Hc header 32, Hd
A header 33 is provided. The Ha header 30 includes a VFO section composed of a series of pits for synchronizing the PLL and a Ha 35 on which a track address is recorded. Similarly, the Hb header 31 has a VFO section and Hb36.
Similarly, the Hc header 32 has a VFO section and Hc37. Similarly, the Hd header 33 has a VFO section and Hd38. Ha35, Hb36, Hc37 and Hd38 respectively
AM (address mark), PID (physical ID), IED
(Error detection) and information such as PAD (pad). VFOs are formed on every track,
Ha35, Hb36, Hc37 and Hd38 may be formed, for example, by skipping one track at a time as shown in FIG. At this time, for example, Ha35 and Hb36 may be formed on the same track, and Hc37 and Hd38 may be formed on an adjacent track. This is to avoid crosstalk from adjacent tracks caused when the track pitch is formed narrower than the spot diameter of the reproducing light beam.

In the same track, Ha35, Hb36, H
All of c37 and Hd38 may be formed. On each truck
If two or more headers are formed, a track can be determined using another header even if one header cannot be read due to a defect or the like. In the present embodiment, four headers are used, but the number of headers is not limited to four.

As described above, on the substrate of the optical disc 10, the aligned index header 12 and the spiral recording track by the wobbled groove are formed. If a phase change recording film such as a DVD-RAM is formed on this substrate, a rewritable optical disk can be obtained. Usually, the optical disk on which the recording film is formed is annealed to be initialized, and the recording film is in a crystallized state. If a strong laser spot is applied to this recording film in a pulsed manner, that portion is made amorphous and a signal can be written. Reading is performed by detecting a difference in reflectance between the crystalline state and the amorphous state.

In general, in an optical disk on which data is recorded, inspection and physical formatting for checking the defect state of the disk are performed after initialization. That is,
The specific data is written to the entire disc, the state of the error is checked, and the recording field 15 having an uncorrectable error or the recording field 15 having an error of a certain level or more is replaced with another recording field 15 having no error. Will be Although this operation is a defect inspection of the disk, it takes a long time to record and reproduce the entire surface of the disk, which leads to an increase in the cost of the disk.

Therefore, a large defect is checked by another efficient method (scanning and checking a large light spot), and the check of writing data is limited to only an area where a directory is created. Some may not check at all.

In the DVD-RAM, one recording field 15 (1
ECC block) is recorded after being divided into 16 physical sectors. Since address information is formed in each physical sector, data can be recorded in an arbitrary recording field 15. If defect management is not performed, all physical addresses are determined from the beginning, so data can be recorded in any record field 15 without physical formatting, and this is one of the features I have.

On the other hand, since track address information is recorded in the index header 12 on the optical disc 10 of the present invention, reading this index header 12 determines all track addresses. On the other hand, the recording field 15 is not formed in the initial state. However, since the arrangement of all the recording fields 15 can be determined from the index header 12 and the number of wobbles formed on the recording track, if the index header 12 and the wobble signal are detected, the writing of data to an arbitrary recording field 15 is performed. Becomes possible.

For data recording use of a computer,
Generally, data is recorded over the entire surface of a disk and defect management is performed. At this time, in the optical disc 10 of the present invention, writing of the entire recording field 15, that is, physical formatting is performed. That is, the recording field 15 is recorded over the entire surface of the optical disc, and at this time, the header field 19 and the data field 20 are recorded. When it intersects with the index header 12, it is divided into two sub recording fields and recorded.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing details of the recording field 15. Header field 19 contains two headers, header a
, A header b, and a mirror unit. Each header is 46 bytes, and the specific configuration is the same as each header of the index header. The mirror unit is used to detect a boundary between the header field and the data field. Once recorded, the header fields are not rewritten unless reformatted. Once the header field is recorded, the address of the recording field 15 is determined from this header, and the index header and wobble become auxiliary address information.

The data field 20 contains GAP, Guard1, VF
It consists of O, PS, data, PA, Guard2, and Buffer. The GAP is provided for laser recording start and power control, and for random shifting of a recording position. J is a random number from 0 to 15 for each rewrite. Usually, the same signal as the VFO is recorded. Guard 1 is for countermeasures against deterioration that appears at the head of the recording signal when recorded many times. K is 0-7
Enter a random number up to. Usually, the same signal as the VFO is recorded. VFO is a PLL synchronization signal, PS is a presync signal, and data is data of one ECC block. PA is for postamble, and Guard2 is for countermeasures against deterioration appearing at the rear end of the recording signal. K is a random number from 0 to 7, Guard1
The same value of K is used. Usually, the same signal as the VFO is recorded. The Buffer is used for absorbing the difference in the length of the recording field 15 due to the eccentricity, the fluctuation of the rotation of the disk, and the random shift of the recording position, and has an area where no signal of 2 bytes or more is recorded at worst. The value of J is between 0 and 15,
The same value as J in GAP is used.

When the recording field 15 is first recorded due to physical formatting or the like, the data from the header a of the header field 19 to Guard 2 of the data field 20 are recorded continuously. From the second time on, GAP to Guard2 are rewritten. Actually, the same signal as the VFO is recorded from the middle of the GAP section, and ends with Guard2. Accordingly, at least the mirror section and the buffer section are included in the recording field 15.
There will be an area with no signal of 2 bytes or more.

Next, the ECC block will be described with reference to a DVD. FIG. 7 shows the structure of a data frame composed of 172 bytes × 12 rows (2064 bytes). This data frame is composed of 2048 bytes of main data and the ID of the data frame.
4 byte data ID, 2 byte IED for error detection of data ID, 6 byte RS reserved
V and 4-byte ED for error detection of main data
C. This main data is scrambled so that consecutive 0s and 1s do not occur.

An ECC block serving as a recording unit of a DVD (ROM and RAM) is composed of 16 data frames in which main data is scrambled. As shown in FIG.
It consists of 72 bytes x 192 lines. As an error correction code, an inner code PI is added to each row by 10 bytes, and an outer code PO is added to each column by 16 rows. The entire ECC block is composed of 182 bytes × 208 rows. Next, the ECC block is divided into 16 interleaved recording frames including one row of PO as shown in FIG. 9 in order to enhance the correction capability of the block error.

Next, for each row of the recording frame, 8-16
Modulation is performed, and two sync bytes are added every 91 bytes as shown in FIG. As a result, the recording frame has two sync frames, each row consisting of 93 bytes, and consists of a total of 26 sync frames (2418 bytes).

In the DVD-ROM, these 26 sync frames are used as one recording frame, and 16 recording frames are used as one ECC block (38688 bytes). Therefore, the format efficiency is 84.7%.

On the other hand, in the DVD-RAM, these 26 sync frames are recorded in one physical sector. Each physical sector has a configuration similar to that of FIG. 5 and includes a header field of 130 bytes and a recording field 15 of 2567 bytes. Total length 2697 bytes (29 sync frames)
Since the data is 2048 bytes, the format efficiency is 75.9%.

Each track of the DVD-RAM is formed of wobbled lands and grooves except for the header of each physical sector. The number of wobbles is eight per sync frame.

Since one ECC block is composed of 16 recording frames, an ECC block is composed of 416 sync frames.

In the embodiment of the present invention, a DVD-R is used as a sync frame, a recording frame, and an ECC block size.
Since the same value as AM is used, one sync frame is 93
One record frame is composed of 26 sync frames, and one ECC block is composed of 416 sync frames. As already explained, the index header 12
Is 2 sync frame lengths.

As shown in FIG. 5, the recording field 15
It consists of a header field 19 and a data field 20, and consists of 420 sync frames in total. The data portion of one ECC block is 416 sync frames. If the front part of this data part is called the front and the rear part is called the rear, 1
One recording field 15 includes a data portion and a front and a rear, each of which includes two sync frames.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the handling of the sub-recording field when the recording field 15 intersects with the index header 12. If the front side of the index header is a sub-recording field a16 and the rear side is a sub-recording field b17, each sub-recording field is a header field 1
9 and sub-data fields 43 and 44. The sub-recording fields are the same as the recording field 15, except for the data part, and each of the front 40 and rear 42 of two sync frames.
Therefore, the data a44 of the sub recording field a is
M sync frame: 1 ≦ M ≦ 415. Then, the data portion 46 of the sub recording field b17 becomes a (416-M) sync frame.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the arrangement of the adjustment areas a201 and b202. The arrangement of the adjustment area a201 will be described with reference to FIG. The adjustment area a201 is provided for adjusting the spiral track and the end position of the recording field 15. When the spiral track is a wobble groove as shown in FIG. 3, if the wobble is arranged at a constant spatial frequency, the wobble may be interrupted by an index header in the middle of the cycle. If data is recorded on an odd wobble shorter than the cycle, it becomes difficult to measure the wobble frequency during disk reproduction. Further, the determination of the end position of the recorded data becomes complicated. Therefore,
An odd wobble shorter than the cycle is set as an adjustment area a201, and the recording field 15 is set as an area where no writing is performed. Adjustment area a2
01 may be a groove track as a whole, or a part or the whole thereof may be a mirror section or an emboss pit section. At this time, if the groove is stopped at the end on the opposite side of the index header 12 of the adjustment area a201 and is set as a mirror portion or an embossed pit section, the groove length of the track becomes a multiple of the wobble cycle, so that the wobble number is counted. It's easy. Adjustment area a201 is index header 12
, The opposite side may be provided with the adjustment area b202 or the recording field 15 or the sub recording field.

Next, the arrangement of the adjustment area b202 will be described. The adjustment area b202 is provided for adjusting the division position of the recording field 15. As described above, when the recording fields 15 are sequentially arranged on the spiral track, the recording fields 15 may straddle the index header 12 in some cases. In this case, the recording field 15 includes a sub-recording field a16 and a sub-recording field b17 as shown in FIG.
However, since the data in the recording field 15 is handled in sync frame units, it is necessary to prevent the recording field 15 from being split in the middle of the sync frame.
When the sync frame is divided, it is difficult to determine the end position of the signal, and there is a problem that the synchronization of the signal reading cannot be achieved. Therefore, when the recording field 15 is arranged, when the interval of the adjustment area a201 from the last sync frame on the track is 1 sync frame or less, that is, in the case of this embodiment, when the interval is shorter than 8 wobbles, The recording field 15 is not written in the portion as the adjustment area b202. The adjustment area b202 is used as a groove, a mirror, or an emboss pit section. However, when the adjustment area b202 is a mirror section or an emboss pit section, the track adjacent to the recording field 15 is not set to the mirror section or the emboss pit section but to the groove section in order to avoid optical influence on the data recording section. I do.

Next, the present invention will be described with specific numerical values. The wavelength of the purple laser used is 405 nm,
The NA of the objective lens is 0.66, and the diameter of the optical disc is 120m.
m, the recording area is 24.00 mm to 58.60 mm, which is the same as DVD-RAM. Data is recorded in the same CLV recording format as DVD-ROM.
However, here, the lead-in area provided on the inner peripheral side of the disc and the lead-out area provided on the outer peripheral side are omitted.

FIG. 12 shows an embodiment of the layout of each track. The track pitch is set to 0.348 μm in consideration of cross-erase with an adjacent track. 99 tracks in total
000. On the other hand, the bit length is set to 0.15
If it is 9 μm, the index header of two sync frames is arranged, so that track 0, which is the innermost circumference, wobbles 10165.9 times.

At this time, the last 0.9 wobble length of wobble track 0 shorter than 1 wobble length is set as the adjustment area a201. Since one sync frame is 8 wobbles long, track 0
When three recording fields 15 each composed of 420 sync frames are written to the first track, the number of surplus wobbles in track 0 becomes 84 wobbles. Since a surplus track for 84 wobbles is assigned another 10 sync frames, a sub-record field a of 10 sync frames is generated. In the sub-recording field a16 of these 10 sync frames, 4
Sync frames are allocated, and six sync frames are allocated as a data part. In the next track 1, 414
A sub-record field b17 of the sync frame is generated.
In the sub recording field b17 of this 414 sync frame,
Four sync frames are allocated as the front and rear, and 410 sync frames are allocated as the data part. Here, if 10 sync frames are allocated to the surplus 84 wobbles of track 0, a surplus of 4 wobbles will be generated, but this will be a surplus because one sync frame of 8 wobbles cannot be formed per sync frame. Four
The wobble corresponds to the adjustment area b202 described above.

Subsequently, track 1 wobbles 10176.1 times. At this time, the last 0.1 wobble length of wobble track 0 less than 1 wobble length is set as the adjustment area a201. 414
420 following the sub-record field b17 of the sync frame
When the two recording fields 15 of the sync frame are recorded, the surplus wobbles become 133 wobbles. Since 16 sync frames are allocated to the surplus wobble, a sub-record field a16 of 16 sync frames is generated. In the sub-recording field a16 of the 16 sync frames, 4 sync frames are assigned as the front and rear, and 12 sync frames are assigned as the data portion. In the next track 2, a sub recording field b17 of 408 sync frames is generated. In the sub recording field b17 of the 408 sync frame, four sync frames are allocated as the front and rear, and a 404 sync frame is allocated as the data part.

By continuing this, the arrangement of the recording field 15, the sub recording field, and the adjustment area are all determined in the entire recording area. At this time, the format efficiency is about 83.7%. Figures 11 and 12 summarize this.
It is. This value is about 1% lower than 84.7% of the DVD-ROM, and it is understood that the value is greatly improved as compared with 75.9% of the DVD-RAM. Also, the disc shown in the earlier application
The recording density is about 0% compared to the case where the same recording field 15 is recorded on a ZCLV recording disk divided into zones.
4% improvement. Further, in the present embodiment, the recording field 1
In addition to 5, an adjustment area of about 4 MB can be secured.

Next, how to use the adjustment area will be described.

There are the following reasons for using the adjustment area in various ways.

With the increase in the recording density of the optical disk, the deterioration of the reproduction signal due to the influence of crosstalk between adjacent tracks and intersymbol interference cannot be ignored.
On the other hand, the condition of waveform equalization is determined by reproducing the training pattern which is known data on the disk,
There is a method for complementing the deterioration of the reproduction signal. In addition, there is a method of measuring the tilt of the disc using the conditions and the reproduction information of the known data itself. However, in these methods, it is necessary to record a training pattern on a disc in advance.

Also, due to the miniaturization of the recording mark, a change in recording sensitivity and a change in laser output with respect to the recording medium due to a change in film thickness of the recording medium and a change in environmental temperature, an edge shift based thereon, and an influence of an edge shift due to a change in the servo system And it is difficult to form a uniform recording domain. On the other hand, a test recording area is provided in a part of the disc, test recording of recording marks is performed in this test recording area before recording user data, and recording conditions such as laser power and recording strategy during recording are optimized. How to do is considered.

In order to enhance the protection of the information recorded on the disc, it has been considered to embed information for copy protection in the disc.

However, inserting the above-mentioned training pattern and information for copy protection into a part of the recording field has a problem that the format efficiency is reduced.

[0099] The use of a part of the recording field in the test recording area also causes a decrease in format efficiency.

Further, when training patterns are arranged in a recording field, it becomes difficult to specify their positions during recording and reproduction. In addition, it also hinders continuous recording. This can include information about copy protection,
The same can be said when the test recording area is arranged.

It is also considered that the training patterns are arranged in the lead-in zone and the lead-out zone on the inner and outer peripheral sides of the disk. In this case, the information of the conditions for the waveform equalization is actually recorded. There is a problem that the reproduction is performed at a place away from the reproduction area. Since the recording / reproducing conditions vary greatly depending on the radial position of the disk, the effect of this problem is great. The same applies to the arrangement of the test recording area. Also, if copy protection information is concentrated on a part of the disc,
There is a problem that it becomes difficult to manage information in fine units in the disk.

For the above-mentioned reason, data having a known mark length and mark interval is arranged in the adjustment area of the optical disc 10. By using this data as a waveform adaptive equalization and as a training pattern for a crosstalk canceller, the accuracy of waveform equalization during disk playback can be improved. A transversal filter is used for an adaptive equalizer that performs adaptive equalization. At this time, the tap gain of the transversal filter is sequentially calibrated by an adaptive algorithm so that the waveform after equalization accurately becomes the target signal waveform, and finally becomes a desired value so that the equalization error becomes zero. Adjusted adaptively. At this time, since the training pattern is known, the tap gain can be accurately and efficiently converged by comparing this pattern with the reproduced signal pattern after adaptive equalization. Similarly, in a crosstalk canceller, for example, a transversal filter is used as a waveform equalizer. By comparing the playback waveform after equalization when playing the training pattern with the ideal playback waveform found from the training pattern,
The tap gain of the transversal filter can be accurately and efficiently converged. For example, the training pattern at this time is 3T, 4T, a known random pattern including a mark and mark interval of 5T or more, 3T,
A stepwise pattern in which the mark length and the mark interval are sequentially increased to 4T, 5T, 6T,.

Also, since data having a known mark length and mark interval is arranged, the amount of signal leakage from the left and right tracks can be determined. Based on this result, the amount of tilt of the disc must be measured. Can be. At this time, for the measurement, a random pattern as described above or a step-like pattern may be arranged. If a signal having a different frequency is arranged for each track, the track to be scanned is determined from the spectrum of the reproduced signal. It is possible to measure the ratio between the signal amplitude and the leakage amount between the left and right tracks.

Further, there is provided a portion for arranging data having a known mark length and mark interval every other track. When this track is reproduced, the influence of crosstalk from an adjacent track can be eliminated, so that, for example, the above-described adaptive equalization can be performed with high accuracy. Also, if a track without data adjacent to the track where data is arranged is reproduced, the amount of signal from the adjacent track leaking into the reproduced signal can be accurately measured, so that the amount of crosstalk from the adjacent track can be known. Further, the tilt amount of the disc can be obtained from the ratio of the left and right crosstalk. Further, by providing a portion for arranging data having a known mark length and a mark interval every two tracks and reproducing a track having no data, the amount of crosstalk from one track can be measured. 13 and 14 show an embodiment of the arrangement of data having a known mark and a mark interval. In the arrangement of FIG. 13, for example, if the track B is reproduced, the amount of signal leakage from the data recorded on the tracks A and C can be measured. In the track C, signals can be reproduced without being affected by crosstalk. By reproducing the track F, the amount of signal leakage from the data recorded on the track E can be measured.

If the data is arranged alternately as shown in FIG. 14, the measurement described with reference to FIG. 13 can be performed without changing the track to be reproduced.

Further, a test recording area for adaptive control of the recording strategy is provided in the adjustment area of the disk 10. Before recording desired data, while increasing or decreasing the pulse width and pulse amplitude of the recording strategy in this test recording area,
Test recording of a known mark length and mark interval is performed, the result is reproduced and statistical processing is performed, and an optimum recording strategy is determined based on the obtained result. Since the adjustment area is arranged in the entire radial direction of the disk, if this part is used as a test recording area, the test recording area can be arranged in the entire radial direction. The optimum recording strategy changes when the radial position changes due to changes in the thickness of the recording medium or recording sensitivity. Therefore, if test recording is performed at a radius close to the area where desired data is recorded, a more accurate optimal recording strategy can be obtained. Can be determined.

Further, data for copy protection is arranged in the adjustment area of the disk 10. Since this data is distributed over the entire radial direction of the disk, it is possible to perform high-precision copy protection by specifying a small range.

By arranging the training pattern, the test recording area, and the data for copy protection, the format efficiency of the recording field 15 does not decrease. (Optical Disk Apparatus) Next, an optical disk apparatus for recording and reproducing data by driving the optical disk 10 will be described with reference to FIG.

In FIG. 15, an optical disk 10 is mounted on a spindle motor 100 by a clamp hole 11 and a clamper 101. The spindle motor 100 is a motor driver 1
Driven by 80. An optical head 110 is provided so as to face the rotating optical disk 10. Recording and reproduction on the optical disk 10 are performed by a light beam emitted from the optical head 110.

The optical head 110 includes an objective lens 111, a lens actuator 115 for moving the objective lens 111 in the focus direction and the radial direction of the disk, an optical system 113 for recording and reproduction, a violet semiconductor laser LD, A multi-segment photodetector 114 for extracting a reproduction signal from light reflected from the disk is provided. The entire optical head 110 is moved in a radial direction of the disk 10 by a radial feed actuator 115.

The light emitted from the semiconductor laser LD passes through the optical system 113, is condensed by the objective lens 111, and is focused on the optical disc 10. The light reflected from the disc travels through the objective lens 111 and the head optical system 113 in reverse, and is incident on the multi-segment detector 114. The multi-segment detector 114 includes a two-segment push-pull detector for detecting a tracking error signal, and the tracking to the groove track 13 is performed using the signal detected by the two-segment push-pull detector. The servo information from the detector is processed by the reproduction amplifier 120 and the signal processing unit 130, and a control signal is created by the control unit 150 and supplied to the ACT driver 170. That is, the control unit 150 functions as tracking control means.

Reading of the RF reproduction signal is performed by collecting all the light incident on the focus detector and the tracking detector. After the RF reproduction signal is amplified by the reproduction amplifier 120, it is sent to the signal processing unit 130. A wobble signal is superimposed on this RF reproduction signal, and can be easily separated by using a low-pass filter. Also, the data reproduction signal can be separated by using a high-pass filter that does not pass the wobble signal.

The detected wobble signal has eight cycles per sync frame, and wobbles exist in the innermost track 0 except for two sync frames in the index header. The rotation speed of the spindle motor is controlled using a rotation control signal generated by dividing the frequency of the wobble signal.
For this reason, the rotation of the spindle motor is synchronized with the wobble signal of the disk, so that only a small number of buffers are required for data recording. The above-described rotation control signal is generated in the control unit 150. That is, the control unit 150 functions as a rotation control unit.

On the other hand, a clock signal used for recording is obtained by multiplying this wobble signal. That is, the frequency of the recording clock signal is determined based on the frequency of the wobble signal. For 8-16 modulation, 18 per wobble
Since there are six channel bits, the clock signal is multiplied by 186. By creating the recording clock from the wobble signal, the buffer length of the data field 20 can be reduced. This recording clock is generated in the control unit 150. That is, the control unit 150 functions as a recording clock frequency determination unit. (Regarding Disc Creation and Optical Disc Apparatus) Further, the present invention can be used not only for recording / playback discs but also for read-only discs. FIG. 16 shows a method for creating a read-only disc. The data to be recorded is input to the formatter 211. The formatter 211 adds format information to the input data and generates data to be recorded on a disc. The generated data is recorded on the master (master recording step 220). The master is then used to create a stamper (Stamper production 230),
The disk is formed by the stamper (disk forming 240). In a read-only disc, if the adjustment area is entirely a pit area, tracking can be performed in the same manner as a recording field. If the adjustment area is a groove, tracking can be performed in the same manner as a recording / reproducing disc.

Next, FIG. 17 shows the configuration of a reproduction-only device.
This is from the recording / reproducing device of FIG. 15, a recording control device,
The formatter and test recording elements have been removed. This apparatus can reproduce not only a read-only disc but also a recording / playback disc after a recording field is recorded.

Next, referring to the flowchart of FIG.
The physical formatting mainly for a computer will be described. Each recording track is composed of a plurality of recording fields 15 (including sub recording fields). The physical address of an arbitrary recording field 15 is determined by the physical address information of the track and the number of wobbles starting from the index header.

First, the optical disk 10 is mounted on the optical disk device, the spindle motor 100 is rotated, and then focus control is performed. Optical head while tracking
110 is moved to the lead-in area on the inner peripheral side. Further, when the light spot passes through a training pattern formed by emboss pits for tilt amount detection, the signal processing unit 130 detects the tilt amount, and controls the tilt ACT (actuator) based on the detection result ( Step S1
801). At this time, the control unit 150 functions as a tilt control unit. In this state, a wobble signal is detected (step S180
2) The rotation of the motor is CLV controlled by the wobble signal.

Since this is the first recording after the disc is inserted, the recording strategy is optimized before the physical formatting. First, by reading the index header and counting wobbles (step S1804),
Search for an appropriate test recording area. When the spot enters the test recording area, the control unit 150 generates test data from the information on the test pattern stored in the memory 151 and records the test pattern (step S1805). Subsequently, an optimal recording strategy is determined by statistically comparing and judging the reproduced signal of the recorded test pattern and the test pattern stored in the memory 151 by the signal processing unit 130. This result is stored in the control unit 150 and used for the subsequent recording control. Subsequently, when a physical formatting command is issued to the optical disk device via the interface 190, the index header is read and track 0 is searched. On the other hand, the formatter generates data to be recorded in the header field 19 and the data field 20 in preparation for writing to the recording field 15. When the index header 12 formed by the emboss signal of the track 0 is detected, the recording to the recording field 15 starts immediately. As a recording clock, a clock obtained by multiplying a wobble signal is used. A signal read from the formatter is input to the LD driver 160, and the optical disk 1
Recording to 0 begins. The address of the recording field 15 is incremented, and the recording field 15 is recorded one after another. As described above, control is performed so that the recording field 15 is not written in the adjustment area a201 and the adjustment area b202 of each track. The last recording field 15 of the outermost track of the recording area is recorded, and the writing of the format signal is completed (step S1806). Further, when a light spot crosses a test recording area during formatting, the optimum recording strategy may be determined again. The data to the data part of the recording field 15 in the formatting is data for inspecting a defect of the optical disc, and the same data is recorded in all the recording fields 15. A known training pattern stored in the memory 151 is recorded in a desired adjustment area.

After the physical formatting, it is checked whether the header information of the recorded recording field 15 and the data of the data part can be correctly reproduced. This is a so-called defect management process. If the header of the recording field 15 cannot be read correctly or if the number of errors in the data section is larger than a predetermined reference, the recording field 15 is replaced with the recording field 15 prepared for defect processing. At this time, before reproducing the desired data on the disc, the training pattern recorded in the adjustment area is reproduced, and the signal processing unit 130
Determines the optimal tap gain of the adaptive equalizer and the optimal tap gain of the crosstalk canceller. Further, when the light spot crosses the training pattern during the defect management processing, the optimum tap gain may be reset.

As described above, just like a general optical disk, before the user records data, the entire optical disk is physically formatted, and if a defect inspection is performed, all the physical addresses of the optical disk are determined. Will be the same as For this reason, when the user records actual data, the optical disc device
Look at the address in the header field of The address information obtained from the index header and the wobble signal is reference information.

Next, with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG. 19, recording of user data on a disk which has been physically formatted as described above will be described.

First, the optical disk 10 is mounted on the optical disk device, the spindle motor 100 is rotated, and then focus control is performed. Optical head while tracking
110 is moved to the lead-in area on the inner peripheral side. Further, when the light spot has passed the training pattern for tilt amount detection, the signal processing unit 130 detects the tilt amount, and controls the tilt ACT (actuator) based on the result (step S1901). In this state, a wobble signal is detected (step S1902), and the rotation of the motor is controlled by the wobble signal (step S1903). continue,
The address recorded in the header field in the recording field 15 is read to access the area where the training pattern is recorded. Therefore, the training pattern is reproduced and the tap gains of the adaptive equalizer and the crosstalk canceller are optimized (step S190
Four). Next, when a command for recording user data is issued to the optical disk device via the interface 190, the test recording area near the target recording field 15 is accessed. Therefore, test recording is performed to determine the optimum recording strategy, and then the target recording field 15 is accessed. The user data is recorded based on a recording clock generated from the wobble signal by the control unit 150. At this time, data for copy protection is recorded in a desired adjustment area as needed (step S1905). When a training pattern is passed during recording, the tap gain of the adaptive equalizer and the crosstalk canceller may be re-determined and the amount of tilt may be detected. After passing through the test recording area, the optimum recording strategy may be determined again.

More specifically, data recording in the recording field 15 after the physical format is performed by an interface
From the recording data received via 190, the address of the recording field 15 to be recorded and the arrangement of the data information to be recorded in the data field are determined. Next, a search is made for a record field 15 that matches the address, and if found, write to the data field. When the recording field 15 intersects with the index header, as shown in FIG. 6, writing is performed by dividing into sub recording fields.
The formatting information of the recording field 15 is stored in the formatter, and the physical state on the disk can be determined by specifying a logical address. These are all processed by the control unit 150.

However, it takes a lot of time to format the entire surface of the optical disk and check for defects. There is a problem that the cost increases if the manufacturer performs the operation, and that it takes too much time before the user can use the device if the operation is performed by the user. In some applications, it is not necessary to perform a defect inspection over the entire surface. According to the present invention, even in such a case, data can be randomly written at an arbitrary position, and continuous data such as video can be recorded seamlessly.

It is assumed that only a part where the directory of a file is recorded is formatted, and a part where general data is not written is not formatted. The data is recorded in the unformatted area, but the control unit
150 (formatter) has an address space determined by the index header and the number of wobbles. Writing to the formatted area records only the data field of the recording field 15, and recording to the unformatted recording field 15 records the header field and the data field collectively.

If the data is not physically formatted, both the header field and the data field of the recording field 15 are recorded using the address space in the control unit 150 (formatter). Of course, the data received by the interface is recorded in the data portion of the data field.

At this time, the recording field that intersects with the index header is divided into sub-recording fields as described with reference to FIG. 6, and the same address data is stored in the header field of each sub-recording field.

Next, with reference to a flowchart shown in FIG. 20, a process of reproducing data recorded on the optical disk 10 will be described.

First, the optical disk 10 is mounted on the optical disk device, the spindle motor 100 is rotated, and then focus control is performed. Optical head while tracking
110 is moved to the lead-in area on the inner peripheral side. Furthermore, when the light spot passes through a training pattern formed by emboss pits for tilt amount detection or a training pattern formed by recording marks,
The signal processor 130 detects the amount of tilt, and controls the tilt ACT (actuator) based on the detection result (step S2).
001). In this state, a wobble signal is detected (step S20).
02), the rotation of the motor is controlled by the wobble signal
(Step S2003). Subsequently, when an instruction for reproducing user data is issued to the optical disk device via the interface 190, the address recorded in the header field of the recording field 15 is read, and the target recording field 15 is read.
To access. At this time, when the light spot crosses the training pattern, the tap gains of the adaptive equalizer and the crosstalk canceller are optimized (step S20).
04). The user data recorded in the data field of the target recording field 15 is reproduced by the control unit 150 based on a reproduction clock generated from the wobble signal. If data for copy protection is recorded in the adjustment area, it is also reproduced (step S200).
Five).

More specifically, the optical head 11 as a reproducing means
0, reproduction amplifier 120, signal processing 130, and data processing 140,
Reproduces data recorded on the optical disk 10.

In this embodiment, the description has been given of the groove recording method. However, the present invention can also be applied to a land & groove recording method. At that time, the position of the left and right wobbles may change in the land track,
The wobble on one side of the truck may be used. For this purpose, for example, a signal on one side of the divided PD of the optical head 110 may be used. In this case, by switching between the land track and the groove track in the index header, a single spiral can be realized.

Although the present invention has been described with respect to a case where rewritable data can be written, the present invention can be applied to a write-once medium in which recording can be performed only once.

Further, the present invention has been described with respect to an optical disc which can be recorded. However, for compatibility with the optical disc, the same or almost the same format as that of the present invention is applied to a ROM type optical disc formed of embossed pits. Is possible.

In the embodiment of the present invention, an ECC block (32 kbytes: 416 sync frames) used in a DVD is used as a data recording unit. When the density is increased, the ECC needs to be further enhanced.
The C block size increases. When the ECC block size becomes 64 Kbytes, the recording field 15 naturally becomes larger and becomes relatively smaller than the data portion. Therefore, the format efficiency is further improved.

In the embodiment of the present invention, a total of four sync frames are used for the front and rear of the recording field 15, but the present invention is not limited to this.

In the embodiment of the present invention, two index frames are used as the index header and four headers are arranged.
It is not limited to this.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the maximum length of the adjustment area a201 is shorter than 1 wobble, and the maximum length of the adjustment area b202 is shorter than 8 wobbles. However, the present invention is not limited to this.

Although the wobbles are aligned on the right side of the index header in the embodiment of the present invention, the wobbles may be aligned on the left side.

According to the present invention, the physical address of the recording field 15 is determined by one index header and wobble in one round formed on the optical disk. Once the format or data is recorded, the record field
The 15 addresses are physically transferred to the optical disc. Also, when the recording field 15 intersects with the index header, continuous recording can be performed by dividing the recording into two sub-recording fields and recording. Also, by appropriately selecting the adjustment area, the recording field 15 can be divided at a desired position. Furthermore, since the recording density is constant in the entire disc, the recording density can be increased.

As described above, according to the present invention, the recording density and format efficiency can be increased, data can be recorded at an arbitrary position without waste, and even a large amount of continuous data such as video data can be recorded. It is possible to provide an optical disk on which recording can be performed efficiently. Further, the format of the present invention can be similarly applied to a recordable optical disk and a ROM type optical disk formed by embossed pits. Further, it is possible to provide an optical disk device, an optical disk recording method, and an optical disk reproduction method for recording and reproducing data on and from such an optical disk.

Further, by arranging the data of the known mark length and the mark interval in the adjustment area, more accurate adaptive equalization, crosstalk cancellation, and tilt amount measurement can be performed. Further, by performing test recording in the adjustment area, the recording strategy can be optimized. In addition, copy protection data can be arranged in the adjustment area.

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to perform adaptive equalization, optimize crosstalk cancellation, measure the amount of tilt, copy protection, etc. without arranging extra data in the recording field 15, thereby increasing the recording density. Even
A highly accurate and highly reliable recording and reproducing disk can be provided without lowering the format efficiency. Further, it is possible to provide an optical disk device, an optical disk recording method, and an optical disk reproduction method for recording and reproducing data on and from such an optical disk.

The format efficiency of the present invention is about 83.7%
As a result, it was greatly improved compared to 75.9% of DVD-RAM. 8 format efficiency of DVD-ROM that does not require rewriting
Since it is 4.7%, by using the present invention, the above optical disc can be provided with a format efficiency loss of only 1% as compared with a DVD-ROM, and its practical effect is extremely high.

[0144]

According to the optical disk and the optical disk apparatus of the present invention, there is an effect that the recording density is further improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an optical disc according to an example of an information recording medium of the present invention, and particularly a diagram showing a spiral track, an index header, and an adjustment area provided on the optical disc.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a spiral track, an index header, and an adjustment area provided on the optical disc shown in FIG. 1, and shows recording fields and sub-recording fields recorded on the spiral track.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a spiral track, an index header, and an adjustment area provided on the optical disc shown in FIG. 1 in an enlarged manner around an index header and showing an arrangement of the adjustment area.

FIG. 4 is a view showing a data structure of an index header provided on the optical disc shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a data structure of a data frame constituting an ECC block recorded on a recording field and a sub recording field recorded on a spiral track provided on the optical disc shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a relationship between a recording field and a sub recording field recorded on a spiral track provided on the optical disc shown in FIG. 1, and showing a data structure of the sub recording field.

FIG. 7 is a view showing a data structure of a data frame constituting an ECC block recorded on a recording field and a sub recording field recorded on a spiral track provided on the optical disc shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a data structure of an ECC block recorded on a recording field and a sub recording field recorded on a spiral track provided on the optical disc shown in FIG. 1;

9 is a diagram showing a data structure of an ECC block recorded on a spiral track provided on the optical disk shown in FIG. 1 and a sub-recorded field after interleaving.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a data structure of a recording frame after a sync code (2 bytes) is added.

FIG. 11 is a view showing various parameters in each zone defined on the optical disc shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing each recording field recorded on each track of zone 0.

FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an example of a method of arranging a training pattern to be arranged in an adjustment area.

FIG. 14 is a diagram showing an example of a method of arranging a training pattern to be arranged in an adjustment area.

FIG. 15 is a view schematically showing an optical disk drive according to an example of the information recording apparatus and the information reproducing apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 16 is a diagram showing an example of a method for manufacturing a read-only information recording medium of the present invention.

FIG. 17 is a diagram schematically showing an optical disk drive according to an example of an information reproduction-only device of the present invention.

FIG. 18 shows a data recording process (recording a recording field) that occurs when the optical disk shown in FIG. 1 is physically formatted.
5 is a flowchart showing the process.

FIG. 19 is a flowchart showing a recording process for recording user data on an optical disk that has been physically formatted.

FIG. 20 is a flowchart showing a reproducing process for reproducing user data from an optical disc on which user data is recorded.

[Explanation of symbols]

 10 optical disk 12 index header 15, 1500, 1500-1, 1500-2 recording field 16 sub recording field a 17 sub recording field b 18 wobble signal 19 header field 20 data field 151 memory 201 Adjustment area a 202 ... Adjustment area b 203 ... Training pattern 204 ... Track 211 ... Formatter

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page F term (reference) 5D044 BC04 CC06 DE03 DE38 DE73 DE76 5D090 AA01 BB03 BB04 CC01 CC14 CC16 DD03 DD05 EE01 EE11 FF11 GG02 GG03 GG27 HH01 LL08

Claims (17)

[Claims] 1. An optical disk on which information can be recorded on a spiral track, wherein an index header in which address data of each track is recorded by embossing formed along a radial direction of the disk so as to block the spiral track. And a recording field having a header field for recording address data and a data field for recording the information on the spiral track, wherein the address data of the recording field is recorded as the address data of the header field, When the recording field is recorded crossing the index header, the recording field is recorded as two sub recording fields intersecting the index header, and each header field of the two sub recording fields is recorded. With the same address data is recorded in the field, an optical disc, characterized in that said recording field is configured to be recorded or reproduced at a linear velocity constant. 2. The optical disc according to claim 1, wherein data of one ECC (Error Collection Code) block length is recorded in a data field of said recording field. 3. The optical disk according to claim 1, wherein said spiral track has wobbles, and said wobbles have a constant spatial frequency. 4. A wobble of the spiral track is started from the index header, and an area located before an index header to appear next and having a length shorter than one cycle of the wobble is adjusted. 4. The optical disk according to claim 3, wherein: 5. The recording field is constituted by a sync frame unit, and when the recording field crosses the index header, an area shorter than a sync frame unit, which is an area before a next index header, is set. 2. The optical disc according to claim 1, wherein the optical disc is an adjustment area. 6. An optical disk apparatus for recording information on an optical disk capable of recording information on a spiral track, wherein address data of each track is formed along a radial direction of the disk so as to block the spiral track. Recording means for recording, at a constant linear velocity, a recording field having a header field for recording address data and a data field for recording the information on the spiral track on an optical disc having an index header recorded by embossing to be performed. In the case where the recording field is recorded crossing the index header, the recording means is recorded as two sub-recording fields intersecting the index header, and each header of the two sub-recording fields is recorded. Field Optical disc apparatus characterized by being configured to record less data. 7. The spiral track of the optical disc has a wobble, and the recording means uses the wobble of the optical disc to
7. The optical disk device according to claim 6, wherein the recording field is recorded at a constant linear velocity. 8. The optical disc apparatus according to claim 6, wherein said recording means records data of one ECC (Error Collection Code) block length in a data field of said recording field. 9. The recording means according to claim 1, wherein said information is different from said information in an area located in front of a next index header in which there is a wobble of said spiral track starting from said index header, and 7. The optical disk device according to claim 6, wherein the recording is performed in an area having a length shorter than one cycle of the wobble. 10. The recording means, if the recording field is composed of sync frames, and the recording field intersects the index header, the recording means immediately before the next index header. 7. The optical disk apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the recording is performed in an area shorter than a sync frame unit. 11. An optical disc device for reproducing information from an optical disc capable of recording information on a spiral track, wherein the optical disc is arranged so that address data of each track blocks the spiral track in a radial direction of the disc. An index header recorded by embossing formed along with, a recording field having a header field for recording address data and a data field for recording the information on the spiral track, the address of the header field As data, address data of the recording field is recorded, and when the recording field is recorded crossing the index header, the recording field is recorded as two sub recording fields crossing the index header. The same address data is recorded in each header field of the two sub-recording fields, and a reproducing means for reproducing the information from the optical disc at a constant linear velocity is provided. Optical disc playback device. 12. The spiral track of the optical disc has a wobble, and the reproducing means uses the wobble of the optical disc to
12. The optical disk device according to claim 11, wherein the recording field is reproduced at a constant linear velocity. 13. An information recording method for recording information on an optical disc capable of recording information on a spiral track, wherein address data of each track extends along a radial direction of the disc so as to block the spiral track. For an optical disc having an index header recorded by embossing, whether a header field for recording address data and a recording field having a data field for recording the information at a constant linear velocity crosses the index header. A step of judging, if the recording field intersects the index header, the recording field is divided into two sub-recording fields, and the same header field is used for these sub-recording fields. Address data Information recording method characterized by comprising the step of recording. 14. The optical disk according to claim 13, wherein the spiral track of the optical disc has wobbles, and the recording step records the recording field at a constant linear velocity using wobbles of the optical disc. Information recording method. 15. The method according to claim 15, wherein the recording step includes the step of adding 1 ECC (Error Collection
14. The information recording method according to claim 13, wherein data of a (Code) block length is recorded. 16. An information reproducing method for reproducing information from an optical disk capable of recording information on a spiral track, wherein the optical disk has a radius of the disk such that address data of each track blocks the spiral track. An index header recorded by embossing formed along a direction, and a recording field having a header field for recording address data and a data field for recording the information on the spiral track, As address data, address data of the recording field is recorded. When the recording field is recorded crossing the index header, the recording field is recorded as two sub recording fields crossing the index header. The same address data is recorded in each header field of the two sub-recording fields, and a reproducing step of reproducing the information from the optical disc at a constant linear velocity is provided. Playback method. 17. The optical disk according to claim 16, wherein the spiral track of the optical disc has wobbles, and the reproducing step uses the wobbles of the optical disc to reproduce the recording field at a constant linear velocity. Information reproduction method described.