JP2002040006A - Measuring method of volatile organic compound from building material - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a simple and efficient measuring method of volatile organic compounds from building material capable of measuring the kind and the concentrations of the volatile organic compounds generated from the building material and the concentration of the total volatile organic compounds, and evaluating the reduction state with age of the concentrations of the volatile organic compounds and the total volatile organic compounds. SOLUTION: This measuring method of the volatile organic compounds from the building material is characterized by collecting a test piece from the coating- processed building material, sealing the test piece in a glass bottle, and, after heating, measuring the kind and the concentrations of the volatile organic compounds in the glass bottle and the concentration of the total volatile organic compounds by a gas chromatographic mass spectrometry head space method.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a simple and efficient method for measuring volatile organic compounds generated from painted building materials.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a method of measuring volatile organic compounds (hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as VOCs) in a house generated from various building materials, there is a method of measuring V in a space.
In general, OC components are collected by a carbon-based collection tube such as an activated carbon tube, eluted using an organic solvent or a thermal desorption device, and analyzed by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (hereinafter abbreviated as GCMS in some cases) in general. Are known. Furthermore, when the amount of emission of each analyzed VOC component is summed up and converted into the amount of a specific component, the concentration in the space is expressed by the amount of all volatile organic compounds (hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as TVOC) in some cases. is there.

However, in order to evaluate the VOC of building materials and spaces in a house by using these methods, an analysis test must be carried out by bringing a gas collecting machine to a measurement place, and the analysis must be performed. The measurement is difficult due to the need for specific analytical instruments and analytical reagents.

[0004] Since the VOC in a house is composed of the emission component from each building material, it is necessary to know the VOC emission behavior from each building material, but it has been difficult to know it efficiently by the conventional method.

[0005] In addition, since VOC is easily volatile, the state of reduction in the initial content of VOC in each building material is the focus.
A simple measurement method for evaluating the state of reduction of VOC in a house has not been established.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to measure the type and concentration of volatile organic compounds generated from building materials, the measurement of the concentration of total volatile organic compounds, and the measurement of the concentration of volatile organic compounds and total volatile organic compounds over time. It is an object of the present invention to provide a simple and efficient method for measuring volatile organic compounds from building materials, which makes it possible to evaluate the status of reduction.

[0007]

As a result of the study, the present inventors have found that the above object can be achieved by employing the GCMS headspace method for these measurements.

The present invention has been made based on the above findings. A test piece is sampled from a painted building material, the test piece is sealed in a glass bottle, and after heating, the glass bottle is subjected to gas chromatography mass spectrometry headspace method. It is intended to provide a method for measuring volatile organic compounds from building materials, characterized by measuring the type and concentration of volatile organic compounds therein and the concentration of total volatile organic compounds.

[0009] Further, the present invention provides a method for collecting a test specimen from a painted building material, maintaining the specimen at room temperature, temporally collecting a test specimen from the specimen, sealing the test specimen in a glass bottle, and heating the specimen. The type and concentration of volatile organic compounds in the glass bottle and the concentration of all volatile organic compounds were measured by gas chromatography mass spectrometry headspace method, and the concentrations of the volatile organic compounds and total volatile organic compounds were measured. An object of the present invention is to provide a method for measuring a volatile organic compound from a building material, which is characterized by evaluating a time-dependent reduction situation.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described. The measuring method of the present invention is applied to the method of measuring V
The analysis and evaluation of the OC component are performed using the GCMS headspace method.

First, in the present invention, a test piece is collected from a painted building material. The painted building material here is not particularly limited, but includes painted processed building materials during construction.

Next, the collected test piece is sealed in a glass bottle and heated at a temperature at which VOCs evaporate, for example, at 40 ° C. for 20 minutes in a summer room, so that the VOCs are volatilized from the test pieces. Next, analysis is performed by a GCMS headspace method using a GCMS column.

In this headspace method, a solid or liquid specimen is set in a glass bottle in a closed state, and heating is performed at a constant temperature for a predetermined time. Upon heating, the volatile portion contained in the specimen volatilizes and reaches an equilibrium in the headspace with the solid or liquid specimen in a sealed glass bottle. After reaching equilibrium, a fixed amount of gas is sampled from the headspace and injected into a gas chromatographic column for analysis. At the time of this test, analysis of gas generated from the specimen can be performed without using a special glass bottle or column and without performing pretreatment of the specimen.

In this analysis, the type and concentration of VOC are measured from the peaks appearing on the analysis chart. When solvent-based urethane paint is used as a paint for painted building materials,
For example, xylene, toluene, butyl acetate, methyl isobutyl ketone, and ethylbenzene are obtained in order of peak area. The TVOC concentration is measured by converting the VOC concentration to a specific component, for example, toluene.

Next, in order to evaluate the state of the time-dependent reduction of the concentration of VOC and TVOC, a specimen is taken from the painted building material and maintained at room temperature (15 to 25 ° C.) in the same manner as described above. A test piece is collected from the test body over time. In addition,
A test piece may be directly collected over time from a painted building material.

Next, the test piece sampled over time is sealed in a glass bottle, and after heating, the type and concentration of VOC are measured by the GCMS headspace method, and the measured value is converted into the TVOC concentration. Then, from the comparison of the concentration of VOC and TVOC using each test piece,
The VOC reduction over time is evaluated.

In the present invention, the use of a gas chromatograph mass spectrometer (GCMS) apparatus enables accurate, easy separation, qualitative and quantitative determination of volatile components.

[0018]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below in detail based on embodiments.

Example 1 A thin paper was adhered on a medium density fiber board (MDF) having a thickness of 3 mm.
Further, a coating-processed building material (test specimen) coated with 6 g of a solvent type urethane paint per 30 cm square was obtained.

The material was left standing at normal temperature (20 ° C.) for 20 consecutive weeks in order to evaluate the radiation properties immediately after the production of the material. During this time, test specimens for measuring the released VOC were taken at regular intervals. The test pieces were obtained by cutting 5 pieces of 8 mm wide x 33 mm long test pieces from the 30 cm square painted building material (test specimen). This test piece is directly GCMS
Glass bottle for head space (inner diameter 17mm x length 57)
mm) and sealed.

The analysis by the GCMS headspace method is as follows.
The glass bottle is heated at 40 ° C. for 20 minutes in a room assumed in the summer, and a column for GCMS (trade name: DB-5 ms, J & W)
(Manufactured by Sharp Corporation). At the time of analysis, the type and concentration of VOC were measured based on the peak appearing on the analysis chart.

FIG. 1 shows the change over time of the residual TVOC ratio in terms of toluene. In FIG. 1, the residual rate (%) of TVOC with respect to the number of elapsed days (weeks) is 1% of the initial TVOC amount.
It is an index notation with 00%.

Example 2 A coated building material (test specimen) was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, and the coated building material was left at a high temperature (40 ° C.) for 24 hours continuously. In the meantime, test specimens for measuring the released VOC were taken at regular intervals according to Example 1, placed directly in a glass bottle for GCMS headspace, sealed, heated, and analyzed by the GCMS headspace method. , VOC type and concentration were measured.

FIG. 2 shows the change over time in the TVOC residual ratio in terms of toluene. In FIG. 2, elapsed time (hour)
TVOC residual ratio (%) with respect to
It is an index notation with 00%. FIG. 3 shows each VOC.
(Xylene, toluene, butyl acetate) The change with time of the residual ratio is shown. In FIG. 3, each V with respect to the elapsed time (time)
The OC residual ratio (%) is calculated by setting each initial VOC amount to 100%.
It is an index notation with%.

Reference Example 1 As a VOC measurement in a house, a VOC measurement at a building site was performed. An activated carbon tube for VOC collection was installed in the house, and air was collected at a rate of 0.1 liter per minute for 5 hours. The VOC adsorbed on the activated carbon tube is eluted with carbon disulfide until there is no residue, further diluted to a predetermined analytical concentration, and VOC is analyzed by GCMS.
The components were qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed. Table 1 shows the results.

[0026]

[Table 1]

From these results, the VOC component detected by the measurement using the GCMS headspace method is as follows:
It was confirmed that the components were similar to those detected in activated carbon tubes measured in actual houses. In addition, the measurement using the GCMS headspace method is a method of measuring VOCs emitted from painted building materials.
It was confirmed that the method was a simple measurement method capable of confirming the concentration of VOC and the tendency of reduction of these concentrations in a laboratory.

[0028]

According to the measurement method of the present invention, the type and concentration of volatile organic compounds generated from building materials, the measurement of the concentration of total volatile organic compounds, and the measurement of the concentration of volatile organic compounds and total volatile organic compounds are performed. The evaluation of the reduction over time
It can be performed simply and efficiently in a laboratory.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a graph showing the change over time of the residual TVOC ratio in toluene in Example 1.

FIG. 2 is a graph showing the change over time of the residual TVOC ratio in toluene in Example 2.

FIG. 3 is a graph showing the change over time of the residual ratio of each VOC (xylene, toluene, butyl acetate) in Example 2.

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Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A test piece is sampled from a painted building material, the test piece is sealed in a glass bottle, and after heating, the kind of volatile organic compound in the glass bottle and its concentration are measured by gas chromatography mass spectrometry headspace method. And a method for measuring volatile organic compounds from building materials, comprising measuring the concentration of total volatile organic compounds. 2. A specimen is taken from a painted building material and kept at room temperature, a specimen is taken from the specimen over time, the specimen is sealed in a glass bottle, heated, and then subjected to gas chromatography. The type and concentration of the volatile organic compound in the glass bottle and the concentration of the total volatile organic compound were measured by the analytical headspace method, and the concentration of the volatile organic compound and the total volatile organic compound were reduced over time. A method for measuring a volatile organic compound from a building material, characterized by evaluating the following.