JP2002039523A - Incinerated ahs processing device for fixed bed type incinerator - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To perform efficient discharge of incinerated ash of a fixed bed type incinerator, to maintain an excellent combustion state in a combustion chamber and solve a problem on processing of incinerated ash. SOLUTION: An incinerated ash processing device is incorporated so as to discharge incinerated ash in the combustion chamber 18 to the outside of the incinerator, during combustion of the fixed bed type incinerator 10. The incinerated ash processing device comprises oxygen spraying means 23 and 24 for spraying high concentration oxygen against incinerated ash to melt and fluidize incinerated ash accumulated on a bed 30 of the combustion chamber 18, and discharge means 30 and 15 for causing molten and fluidized incinerated ash to be discharged to the outside of the incinerator.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an incinerator for incinerating industrial waste or general waste, and more particularly to an incineration ash treatment device incorporated in a fixed-bed incinerator.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in a fixed-bed incinerator, an incinerated material is put into a combustion chamber and burned, and a gas product is discharged from a gas exhaust port and a solid incineration residue, that is, incinerated ash (slag). Was deposited at the bottom of the combustion chamber. The solid residue deposited at the lower part of the combustion chamber was taken out from the incineration ash outlet provided at the lower part of the outer wall of the combustion chamber after the completion of the combustion.

[0003]

However, if incineration ash accumulates in the lower part of the combustion chamber during the combustion, the space inside the combustion chamber is narrowed, and a smooth air flow in the combustion chamber is obstructed. There has been a problem that the combustion state cannot be maintained continuously. For this reason, it has usually been necessary to use another heat source such as a burner or to add fuel in addition to the heat of combustion of the incinerated material itself to assist combustion.

[0004] In addition, treatment of a large amount of incineration ash is also a problem, but conventionally, once it is taken out of an incinerator and cooled,
Heating and melting again in an electric induction furnace or the like, followed by re-solidification, has mainly led to a reduction in volume mainly. Performing such a process requires extra energy.

[0005] In view of the above situation, the present invention provides a method for efficiently discharging incinerated ash in a fixed-bed incinerator,
An object of the present invention is to maintain a good combustion state in a combustion chamber and to solve a problem of treating incineration ash.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to achieve the above object, the present invention incorporates an incineration ash treatment apparatus in a fixed-bed incinerator. This incineration ash treatment device has the following configuration. The incineration ash treatment device according to the present invention includes means for discharging incineration ash generated in the combustion chamber during combustion of the incinerator to the outside of the incinerator while maintaining the combustion state. The means include oxygen spraying means for blowing high-concentration oxygen to the incinerated ash to melt and fluidize the incinerated ash deposited on the floor of the combustion chamber, and discharging the molten and fluidized incinerated ash to the outside of the incinerator. This is a discharging means. High-concentration oxygen refers to a gas consisting of oxygen only, air containing oxygen at a higher concentration than usual, or a mixed gas of oxygen at a higher concentration than ordinary air and another gas.

[0007] Preferably, the oxygen spraying means is an oxygen inlet provided to introduce high-concentration oxygen into the combustion chamber near the floor of the combustion chamber. Preferably, the discharge means has a discharge opening that opens to the outside of the incinerator, and the floor of the combustion chamber is provided to be inclined toward the discharge opening. Further, in addition to the slope toward the outlet, it is preferable to have another slope that forms a groove toward the outlet.

[0008]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic vertical sectional view of a fixed-bed incinerator incorporating an incineration ash treatment device according to the present invention. The incineration material is injected into the combustion chamber 17 from the incineration material inlet 12 (arrow 41). The incineration material inlet 12 is, for example,
A door and the like are provided. During combustion, air is blown into the combustion chamber 17 from the air nozzle 20. The plurality of air nozzles 20 are arranged with their nozzle tips facing the center of the cylinder so as to surround the outer periphery of the substantially cylindrical combustion chamber 17. The rear end opening of the air nozzle 20 is fixed to an annular air guide section 21 attached to the outer periphery of the incinerator, and opens into the annular hollow of the air guide section 21. The air guide 21 has an air inlet (reference numeral 22 in FIG. 2), and compressed air is sent into the air guide 21. On the other hand, the tip opening of the air nozzle 20 is
Air pipe 2 attached vertically along the outer circumference of 8
Open in 7. That is, a plurality of air feed pipes 27 are attached to the outer periphery of the chamber wall 28 of the combustion chamber 17 in a vertical direction. Each of the air feed pipes 27 has a large number of air flow holes 33 for communicating with the combustion chamber 17 on the side of attachment to the chamber wall 28. In this way, the air required for combustion is distributed vertically from the air nozzle 20 through the air pipe 27, and the combustion chamber 17
So that the combustion chamber 1
7.

Further, the chamber wall 28 of the combustion chamber 17 and the incinerator 1
A water wall 26 is formed by providing a space filled with cooling water between the outer walls of itself. Water wall 26
Is obtained by cooling the combustion chamber 17 from the outer periphery with water.
7 prevents the furnace wall from overheating. Although not shown, the cooling water in the water wall 26 is replenished and drained by appropriate power, and is discharged by flowing to discharge heat. The air nozzle 20
Penetrates through the water wall 26 and the air guide 21 and the combustion chamber 1
It also plays the role of communicating with 7.

A gas outlet 16 is provided above the combustion chamber 17, through which exhaust gas generated by combustion in the combustion chamber 17 is discharged (arrow 43). Combustion chamber 1
Solid residue generated by combustion, that is, incinerated ash (so-called slag) is deposited on the floor 30 below the bottom 7. An incineration ash outlet 14 for taking out the accumulated incineration ash is provided at a lower portion of the outer periphery of the incinerator 10, and the incineration ash is taken out of the incineration ash after the burning process.

In the above-described configuration, the incinerator 10 is one form of a conventional fixed-bed incinerator. However, when air is injected in such an incinerator to perform high-load combustion, incineration ash is generated. It has been empirically known that the ash may be in a semi-molten state, the incinerated ash is taken out after burning, and the cooled one may solidify in a clinker state. As described above, in the conventional combustion furnace, in many cases, incineration ash taken out of the incinerator after burning is subjected to post-treatment of reheating and melting and solidifying the incinerated ash in an electric induction furnace or the like to reduce the amount. The fact that the incineration ash is already in a semi-molten state in the combustion chamber of means that the post-treatment of the incineration ash has been performed to an intermediate stage in the combustion furnace. From this, the present inventor:
The present invention has been completed by focusing on the possibility that incineration ash may be melted and fluidized in the combustion chamber when extremely high-efficiency combustion is realized in the combustion chamber.

In the incinerator according to the present invention, the combustion temperature is increased by introducing high-concentration oxygen into the combustion chamber for combustion, thereby realizing complete melting or fluidization of the incineration ash. Here, high-concentration oxygen means pure oxygen or air or a mixed gas having a high oxygen composition ratio.

In an example of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, an oxygen inlet 23 is provided below the incineration ash outlet 14 provided in the lower portion 18 of the combustion chamber, from which high-concentration oxygen is introduced into the lower portion 18 of the combustion chamber. Introduce. Oxygen inlet 23 and lower part 18 of combustion chamber
An oxygen blowing portion 24 having a number of small holes for communicating high-concentration oxygen is provided therebetween, so that the entire lower portion 18 of the combustion chamber is uniformly blown with oxygen.

When high-concentration oxygen is blown to the incineration ash in the lower part of the combustion chamber 18 during combustion by the oxygen spraying mechanism, the incineration ash is melted and fluidized. In the present invention, by inclining the floor 30 of the lower portion 18 of the combustion chamber from the back side toward the incineration ash discharge port 14, the melted and fluidized incineration ash naturally flows toward the incineration ash discharge port 14. I can go. Further, in the present invention, by providing the incineration ash outlet 15 at the lowest position of the bed 30 where the incineration ash that has flowed reaches, the fluidized incineration ash is discharged outside the incinerator 10 even during combustion. Since the fluidized incineration ash is almost liquid, the size of the opening of the incineration ash outlet 15 can be made much smaller than that of the normal incineration ash outlet 14. Therefore, during combustion, even if it is always open, it hardly affects the combustion process.

The discharged fluidized incineration ash is stored in an appropriate incineration ash recovery unit 29 provided outside the incinerator 10. The incineration ash recovery section 29 in the present invention may have a much smaller volume than the conventional case of recovering solid incineration ash.

FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of the incinerator 10 of FIG. In the center, a circular gas outlet 16 is open. As described with reference to FIG. 1, the plurality of air nozzles 20 (only some of which are shown) are arranged with the nozzle tips facing the center of the cylinder so as to surround the outer periphery of the combustion chamber. Air nozzle 20
The rear end opening opens into an annular air guiding portion 21 attached to the outer periphery of the incinerator. Compressed air is sent into the air guide 21 from the air inlet 22. In addition, oxygen inlet 2
3 are provided side by side.

FIG. 3 is a schematic right side view of the incinerator 10 of FIG. An incineration ash outlet 15 is provided at the bottom center of the incineration ash discharge port 14. It is preferable that the incineration ash outlet 15 is formed in a tunnel shape with an appropriate refractory. This is because the extremely high temperature incinerated ash fluid is guided and reaches the incinerated ash recovery unit 29 without being cooled and solidified.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the incinerator 10 shown in FIG.
It is the schematic which shows a cross section. This cross section includes one of the two oxygen introduction ports 23. Oxygen (arrow 45) sent into the oxygen inlet 23 fills the oxygen air box 25 and then blows out into the lower part 18 of the combustion chamber through a number of small holes provided in the oxygen blowing part 24. Floor 30 of lower part 18 of combustion chamber
Is inclined toward the incineration ash outlet as shown in the figure. The peripheral wall of the lower portion of the combustion chamber 18 and the lower portion of the floor 30 are both exposed to high temperatures and are protected by the refractory 32.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view of the incinerator 10 shown in FIG.
It is the schematic which shows a cross section. The sectional shape of the floor 30 of the lower part 18 of the combustion chamber as viewed from the incineration ash outlet side is shown. As described above, the floor 20 is inclined toward the incineration ash outlet, but at the same time, as shown in FIG. 5, a V-shaped inclination is provided from both sides in the direction of the center 30a of the floor 30 as well. Is preferred. Such a slope having a V-shaped cross section forms a so-called groove for the molten incinerated ash to flow and reach the discharge port. Due to these inclinations, the fluidized incinerated ash can efficiently reach the outlet.

The apparatus for treating incineration ash in a fixed-bed incinerator according to the present invention is preferably integrated with a fixed-bed incinerator. That is, means for spraying high-concentration oxygen to the incineration ash to be deposited in the combustion chamber and means for discharging the fluidized incineration ash (for example, an inclined combustion chamber floor and an incineration ash outlet) are provided. Including mechanisms,
It is called an incineration ash treatment device incorporated in an incinerator.

[0021]

As described above, the incineration ash treatment mechanism in the fixed-bed incinerator according to the present invention melts the incineration ash generated in the combustion chamber by blowing high-concentration oxygen during combustion. And efficiently discharge it outside the incinerator. Thereby, the present invention has the following effects. According to the present invention, the incineration ash generated during combustion can be prevented from successively accumulating in the combustion chamber, so that the combustion efficiency is not hindered by the incineration ash. Therefore, a favorable combustion state can be maintained continuously. Further, in practicing the present invention, there is no need for any assistance other than the heat of combustion of the incineration itself, such as a burner or fuel. This is because a favorable combustion state is maintained by the present invention. In the present invention, post-treatment of incineration ash, which has been conventionally performed after completion of combustion, is performed simultaneously and simultaneously during combustion. Therefore, it is not necessary to heat the incinerated ash once cooled again in an electric induction furnace or the like as in the related art, which is very useful from the viewpoint of energy saving. Further, the work of taking out solid incineration ash, which has been conventionally performed, becomes unnecessary, and workability is greatly improved. In the present invention, the fluidized incinerated ash automatically flows into the collection place without manual intervention, and thus may be appropriately disposed of after cooling and solidification. As described above, the present invention greatly contributes to one of the solutions to the problems of waste incineration and energy resources that have been widely taken up in recent years.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic elevation sectional view of a fixed-bed incinerator incorporating an incineration ash treatment device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of the incinerator of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a schematic right side view of the incinerator of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing an AA cross section of the incinerator in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a BB cross section of the incinerator in FIG. 1;

[Explanation of symbols]

 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 10 incinerator 12 incinerated material inlet 14 incinerated ash outlet 15 incinerated ash outlet 16 gas outlet 17 combustion chamber 18 incinerated ash melting section 20 air nozzle 21 air guide section 22 air inlet 23 oxygen inlet 24 oxygen blowing section 25 Oxygen box 26 Water wall 27 Combustion chamber wall 28 Air pipe 29 Incineration ash recovery unit 30 Combustion chamber floor 32 Refractory 33 Air circulation hole

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. An incineration ash treatment device incorporated in an incinerator to discharge incineration ash in a combustion chamber to the outside of the incinerator during combustion of a fixed-bed incinerator, wherein the incineration ash is deposited on a floor of the combustion chamber. Oxygen spraying means for blowing high-concentration oxygen to the incinerated ash so as to melt and fluidize the incinerated ash, and discharging means for discharging the molten and fluidized incinerated ash to the outside of the incinerator. Incineration ash treatment equipment in a floor incinerator. 2. The fixing device according to claim 1, wherein the oxygen spraying means is an oxygen inlet provided near the floor of the combustion chamber for introducing the high-concentration oxygen into the combustion chamber. Incineration ash treatment equipment in a floor incinerator. 3. The discharge means includes a discharge port that opens to the outside of the incinerator, and a floor of the combustion chamber is provided to be inclined toward the discharge port. An incineration ash treatment device for a fixed-bed incinerator according to claim 1 or 2. 4. The fixing according to claim 3, wherein the floor of the combustion chamber has, in addition to the slope towards the outlet, another slope forming a groove towards the outlet. Incineration ash treatment equipment in a floor incinerator.