JP2002028520A - Method for breaking plastic refuse bag - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for breaking only a thin refuse bag made of plastics at high bag breaking efficiency without damaging the refused content. SOLUTION: This method for breaking the refuse bag 20 made of plastics storing the refuse 21 is a method for separating the refuse content 21 from the refuse bag 20 after the breaking process. This process is performed by emitting a laser beam for thermal fusion to the bag 20 storing the refuse 21 during its conveyance.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a plastic garbage bag for separating and collecting plastic garbage bags containing garbage that is separately collected and discharged from households. About the method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, refuse from households is collected in a plastic refuse bag made of a film such as vinyl or polyethylene. In particular, following the enforcement of the Containers Recycling Law, each local government has been promoting the separation of plastic product garbage (hereinafter referred to as waste plastic) and waste such as waste cans and bottles in each household and collecting them as recycled materials. Have been. However, waste plastics from households contain foreign substances other than waste plastics, so the garbage bags containing the waste plastics are broken, and the contents of the garbage bags are discharged to remove metals and metals. Remove foreign matter such as those that are not suitable for plastic waste treatment. After that, it is compressed, packed, and sent to the blast furnace, coke oven, oil conversion plant, etc. at the final recycling plant. As a method of breaking the garbage bag containing the waste plastic, a bag-breaking machine provided with a knife such as a knife-shaped blade or a rotary blade is provided while the garbage bag is being conveyed by a conveyor such as a belt conveyor or a vibration conveyor, By using a bag-breaking machine, a blade is pressed against the conveyed garbage bag and cut mechanically to form a rupture bag in the garbage bag.The contents of the garbage bag are pulled out from the rupture bag to separate the contents from the garbage bag. ing.

[0003]

However, the above conventional method has the following problems to be solved. (1) Garbage bags are thin compared to waste plastics such as plastic containers, so even if you try to cut only the garbage bags mechanically, they often cut to the waste plastic inside, cutting blades cut into the waste plastic, The operation of the bag breaking machine is hindered due to being entangled, and the work needs to be removed periodically. (2) If the blade is not sufficiently pressed against the garbage bag, uncut portions may be left, making it difficult to separate the garbage bag from the contents, which may hinder the operation of the bag breaking machine. (3) There are cases where garbage bags from households contain garbage that has been subdivided and placed in small plastic child bags in a double package, and the outermost bag can be broken. However, the garbage in the child bag often remains,
There is a problem in separating garbage. (4) When the cutting operation is performed by repeatedly moving the blade in order to increase the success rate of the cutting by the bag breaking machine, the bag breaking efficiency is reduced. The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and provides a method of breaking a plastic garbage bag with high bag breaking efficiency, which breaks only a thin plastic garbage bag and does not damage the contents. With the goal.

[0004]

According to the present invention, there is provided a method for breaking a plastic garbage bag according to the present invention, comprising the steps of breaking a plastic garbage bag containing garbage and separating the plastic garbage bag from its contents. In this method, a plastic garbage bag containing garbage is irradiated with a laser beam that melts by heat during the transportation of the plastic garbage bag containing the garbage. As a result, the part heated by the laser beam of the plastic garbage bag containing the garbage is melted and cut, and the plastic garbage bag is opened and the bag is broken. Even if the shape is irregular, the laser torch generating the laser beam can be reliably broken without approaching the shape of the plastic garbage bag. Therefore, unlike the case of a conventional mechanical blade, the garbage bag is not entangled with the blade,
There is no hindrance to the operation of the bag breaking machine and there is little noise.

[0005] In the method for breaking a plastic garbage bag according to the present invention, the laser beam applied to the plastic garbage bag may dissolve the plastic garbage bag and have an energy density that does not burn the internal garbage. here,
The energy density E (J / mm ² ) is represented by the following conditional expression. E = P × D / (S × V) where P = laser power (W), D = condensing diameter (m
m) S = focus area (mm ² ), V = processing speed (mm / sec)
c) The condensing diameter and the condensing area in the above conditional expression are the diameter and area of the contact surface between the laser beam and the plastic garbage bag when the laser beam is irradiated and collected near the plastic garbage bag. The processing speed is a speed at which the contact portion between the laser beam irradiated on the plastic garbage bag and the plastic garbage bag moves and melts.

In this case, even if the plastic garbage bag is irradiated with a laser beam, only the plastic garbage bag is dissolved, and the garbage inside can be treated without being damaged by cutting, burning, or the like. Only bags can be cut,
The contents can be prevented from burning, and the occurrence of polluting gas and fire generated by the burning can be prevented, and the bag can be safely broken. According to the experiment of the present applicant, only the plastic garbage bag is dissolved and the input energy density that can be cut is different depending on the components of the plastic garbage bag,
0.5 to 1.2 for standard Tokyo garbage bags
J / mm ^2, preferably has been found to be about 0.7 J / mm ^2. In addition, since the output of the laser beam irradiated on the plastic garbage bag at this energy density is usually small, a low-cost bag breaking device can be constituted by using, for example, a YAG laser oscillator.

In the method for breaking a plastic garbage bag according to the present invention, a laser torch for emitting a laser beam is provided above a conveyor for transporting the garbage, and the laser beam scans in a direction crossing the transport direction of the garbage bag. You may make it. In this case, a laser torch is provided above the conveyor, and the laser beam is repeated at high speed by moving or changing the position of the laser torch only at a position away from the position where the plastic garbage bag is transported. Irradiation can be performed, and the risk of opening unruptured plastic garbage bags by opening bags at a plurality of locations of the plastic garbage bags can be largely prevented. In addition, since the laser beam is irradiated while scanning the plastic garbage bags in a direction crossing the transport direction, a large amount of plastic garbage bags can be efficiently broken.

Further, in the method for breaking a plastic garbage bag according to the present invention, the conveyor may be provided with a separating device for separating the broken garbage bag and the contents thereof. In this case, for example, a separation device provided with a number of protrusions at intervals on the outer periphery of the rotating drum is installed in the middle of the conveyor, and the garbage bag broken by the irradiation of the laser beam during the transportation may be hooked on the protrusions and lifted. By rotating,
The broken garbage bag and its contents can be separated.
In particular, by irradiating a garbage bag that is lifted by being hooked on a projection or rotating a garbage bag while scanning with a laser beam, the entire garbage bag can be evenly cut, and a plurality of locations can be cut to reliably break the bag. . In addition, an air nozzle that blows air etc. from around the laser torch that irradiates the laser beam is provided, and at the same time as cutting the laser beam, it is blown while scanning air on the cut part of the garbage bag, and the opening of the bag break opened by the laser beam irradiation Further enlargement allows the garbage bag and the contents to be efficiently separated.

[0009]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings to provide an understanding of the present invention. Here, FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a bag breaking apparatus to which a method for breaking a plastic garbage bag according to a first embodiment of the present invention is applied, and FIG. 2 is a plastic bag according to a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a bag breaking apparatus to which the method of breaking a garbage bag is applied, and FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a bag breaking apparatus to which the method of breaking a plastic garbage bag according to a third embodiment of the present invention is applied. FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a bag breaking device to which a method for breaking a plastic garbage bag according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention is applied.

As shown in FIG. 1, a bag breaking apparatus 10 applied to a method for breaking a plastic garbage bag according to a first embodiment of the present invention includes a plastic garbage bag 20 containing garbage 21. A belt conveyor 40, which is an example of a conveyor, is provided below the receiving hopper 30, and a support table 5 that straddles the belt conveyor 40 is provided at an intermediate portion of the belt conveyor 40.
1 is provided. Between the hopper 30 and the support table 51, there is provided an article detector 41 composed of, for example, a photoelectric detector for detecting the plastic garbage bag 20 placed on the belt conveyor 40. The tip is 3
Articulated arm 5 that can be moved in a dimension, for example, with six degrees of freedom.
2 and at least between the widths of the belt conveyor 40 on which the plastic garbage bag 20 is conveyed,
An industrial robot 50 whose tip can move and a laser oscillation device 60 that generates a laser beam are mounted.

The laser oscillation device 60 is, for example, a vinyl
Plastic made of thin film such as polyethylene or polyethylene
Heat the plastic garbage bag 20
Do not burn the internal waste 21 stored in the waste bag 20
Energy density (0.7 J / mm ^Two Laser with degree
-A YAG laser oscillation device that can irradiate light. Many
A laser beam is radiated to the tip of the joint arm 52.
The laser torch 61 is attached
Connected to the laser oscillation device 60 by the inverter 62
I have. Also, the laser torch 61 of the articulated arm 52
In the vicinity of the attachment, point the laser torch 61 in the extension direction
Supplied from a compressed air supply device 71 such as a compressor.
Air nozzle 70 for ejecting compressed air
Separate the sticky garbage bag 20 and the garbage 21 inside it
Like that. Note that the industrial robot 50
The tip of the joint arm 52 extends in the width direction of the belt conveyor 40.
Control device to reciprocate in zigzag trajectory
(Not shown).

Here, a method of breaking a plastic garbage bag according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described. (1) Plastic garbage bag 20 containing garbage 21
Is collected from each household by a garbage truck, and hopper 3
Enter 0. (2) The plastic garbage bags 20 pulled out from below the hopper 30 are loaded and conveyed on a belt conveyor 40 provided below. (3) During the conveyance of the belt conveyor 40, the article detector 41 detects the plastic garbage bag 20 loaded on the belt conveyor 40, and drives the industrial robot 50 and the laser oscillation device 60. (4) Laser torch 61 by industrial robot 50
Is scanned in the direction crossing the transport direction of the plastic garbage bag 20 and reciprocated in the transport direction, and the laser beam from the laser torch 61 is irradiated on the plastic garbage bag 20 so as to draw a zigzag locus. Then, the plastic garbage bag 20 made of a thin film is melted by heating of the irradiated laser beam, and a bag opening 22 is opened to break the bag.

(5) Simultaneously, compressed air is injected from the air nozzle 70 toward the bag opening 22 of the plastic garbage bag 20 to widen the bag opening 22 and the plastic garbage bag 20 is opened.
Garbage in the contents of waste plastic etc. stored inside
1 is discharged from the opening 22 of the plastic garbage bag 20 to separate the plastic garbage bag 20 and the garbage 21 therein. (6) The separated plastic garbage bag 20 and the garbage 21 contained therein are continuously sent to the next step by the belt conveyor 40 to be sorted.

As described above, the plastic garbage bag 20 containing the garbage 21 is broken by heating and melting the portion irradiated with the laser beam, so that the shape of the plastic garbage bag 20 is irregular. However, the laser torch 61 that generates a laser beam can be reliably broken without approaching the shape of the plastic garbage bag 20. Therefore, unlike the case of the conventional bag breaking by a mechanical blade, a dust bag is not entangled with the blade, and an efficient bag breaking operation can be performed without hindering the operation of the bag breaking device. .

An experiment in which a plastic garbage bag is broken by irradiating it with a laser beam will be briefly described. The plastic garbage bag used in the experiment is a transparent plastic bag specified by Tokyo Metropolitan Government. The output of the laser beam is in the range of 10 to 100 W, and the processing speed is 30 to 1
A cutting experiment was performed by changing the range of 60 mm / sec and the focused diameter of the laser beam within the range of 0.3 to 1.0 mm. As a result, the output of the laser beam is 10 W
In the case where the processing speed was in the range of 80 mm / sec or more, defective cutting occurred. Also, it was found that when the processing speed was less than 80 mm / sec, the efficiency as equipment was poor. Further, when the condensing diameter of the laser beam exceeded 0.7 mm, cutting failure occurred. From this, the output of the laser beam is 20 to 100 W, and the processing speed is 80 to 160 mm / sec.
c, the laser beam can be used to cut a plastic garbage bag by irradiating a laser beam with a focused beam diameter in the range of 0.3 to 0.7 mm, and the energy density is determined by the energy density E (J / mm ² ). The equation (E = P × D / (S
× V)), the energy density that can be cut is found to be 0.5 to 1.2 J / mm ² , preferably 0.1 to 1.2 J / mm ² .
It was found to be about 7 J / mm ² .

As described above, the laser oscillation device 60 dissolves the plastic garbage bag 20 made of, for example, a film such as vinyl or polyethylene, and does not burn the internal garbage 21 stored in the plastic garbage bag 20.
Since the plastic garbage bag 20 can be irradiated with a laser beam at an energy density of about 7 J / mm ² , even if the plastic garbage bag 20 is irradiated with a laser beam, only the plastic garbage bag 20 is dissolved, and the contents of the garbage 21 are removed. Processing can be performed without affecting cutting or burning. Therefore,
Only the thin film-shaped plastic garbage bag 20 can be cut, and the garbage 21 inside the garbage can be prevented from burning, thereby preventing the generation of polluting gas or fire generated by the burning, and the bag breaking operation can be performed safely.

Further, an industrial robot 50 having an articulated arm 52 whose tip can move three-dimensionally is provided above the belt conveyor 40, and a laser torch 61 is attached to the tip of the articulated arm 52. By moving or changing the posture of only the laser torch 61 from a position away from the plastic garbage bag 20, it is possible to repeatedly irradiate at a high speed along a zigzag trajectory, and there is no possibility that the uncut plastic garbage bag 20 remains. . Furthermore,
Since the air nozzle 70 for blowing compressed air or the like from the periphery of the laser torch 61 is provided, air is blown to the cut portion of the plastic garbage bag 20 at the same time as the cutting of the laser beam, so that the bag opening 22 is expanded, and the plastic garbage bag is opened. 2
0 and the solid waste 21 can be efficiently separated.

As shown in FIG. 2, a bag breaking apparatus 11 applied to a method for breaking a plastic garbage bag according to a second embodiment of the present invention is similar to the bag breaking apparatus according to the first embodiment. 1
In place of the hopper 30, a receiving station 81 having a flat floor, followed by a natural falling slope 82 having an inclined flat surface, and a plastic garbage bag 20 from the receiving station 81, and a natural falling slope 82. A pusher 80 for reciprocating a press plate 84 by a fluid cylinder 83 from an end of the receiving station 81 to a free-falling slope 82, for example. Elements having the same functions as those of the bag breaking device 10 according to the first embodiment will be described with the same reference numerals.

The receiving station 81 is provided with an article detector 85 for detecting that a predetermined amount of plastic garbage bags 20 have been loaded, for example, from a change in the weight of the receiving station 81. The natural falling slope 82 is inclined, for example, at about 20 to 40 °, and the support table 5 is provided near the lower end thereof.
1, an industrial robot 50 having an articulated arm 52 thereon, and a laser oscillator 60 for generating a small-volume laser beam are mounted thereon, and a laser torch 61 is provided at the tip of the articulated arm 52. Mounting, optical fiber 62
Connected to the laser oscillation device 60. Also,
An air nozzle 70 for ejecting compressed air is provided near the articulated arm 52 where the laser torch 61 is attached.
The belt conveyor 40 is provided below the natural falling slope 82.

Here, a method for breaking a plastic garbage bag according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. (1) Plastic garbage bag 20 containing garbage 21
Is collected from each household by a garbage truck and put into the receiving station 81. (2) When the article detector 85 of the receiving station 81 detects that a predetermined amount of the plastic garbage bags 20 have accumulated in the receiving station 81, the laser oscillation device 60 is driven by the detection signal and the pusher 8
By driving the plastic garbage bag 20, the plastic garbage bag 20 is sent out to the free-fall slope 82, and is conveyed by sliding down.

(3) The laser beam emitted from the laser torch 61 by the industrial robot 50 is scanned in a direction crossing the transport direction of the plastic garbage bag 20 and is reciprocated in the transport direction.
The laser beam from is drawn in a zigzag trajectory,
The naturally falling slope 82 is applied to the sliding plastic garbage bag 20, and the irradiated laser beam is heated to melt and break the plastic garbage bag 20 made of a thin film. (4) Simultaneously, the compressed air is sprayed from the air nozzle 70 toward the bag opening 22 of the plastic garbage bag 20 to widen the bag opening 22, and the waste plastic or the like stored in the plastic garbage bag 20 is removed. The garbage 21 is discharged from the opening 22 of the plastic garbage bag 20, and the plastic garbage bag 20 and the garbage 21 contained therein are separated. (5) The separated plastic garbage bag 20 and the garbage 21 contained therein are placed on a belt conveyor 40, sent to the next step, and sorted.

As described above, the plastic garbage bag 20
Slides down the naturally falling slope 82, but when sliding down, the plastic garbage bag 20 rotates or reverses, so that when the laser beam irradiates the plastic garbage bag 20,
The range of automatic irradiation is expanded, and a large bag opening 22 is formed. Therefore, the bag breaking effect is improved, and the plastic garbage bag 20 is easily separated from the garbage 21 contained therein. Also, the plastic garbage bag 20 rotates or reverses the naturally falling slope 82 while the belt conveyor 40 is rotated.
Is placed on the plastic garbage bag 20, the garbage 21 in the plastic garbage bag 20 easily jumps out of the plastic garbage bag 20, and the separation effect is improved.

As shown in FIG. 3, a bag breaking device 12 applied to a method for breaking a plastic garbage bag according to a third embodiment of the present invention is similar to the bag breaking device according to the second embodiment. 1
A separating device 9 for separating the plastic garbage bag 20 and the garbage 21 contained therein under the natural falling slope 82 of FIG.
0, and a belt conveyor 40 is provided below the separation device 90. Elements having the same functions as those of the bag breaking device 11 according to the second embodiment will be described with the same reference numerals.

The separating device 90 includes a plastic garbage bag 2.
0 is provided with a rotating drum 91 that rotates in the direction of sliding down from the natural falling slope 82, and a plurality of projections 92 are provided on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating drum 91 at intervals in the axial direction and the circumferential direction. The rotating shaft 93 of the rotating drum 91 is supported by a support 94, and is driven to rotate by a drive motor 95 provided on the support 94. A notch 821 is provided at the lower end of the natural falling slope 82 so that the projection 92 does not come into contact with the rotating drum 91 during rotation. A support table 51 is installed near the lower end of the natural fall slope 82, and an industrial robot 50 having an articulated arm 52 and a laser oscillation device 60 are mounted on the support table 51. The tip of the articulated arm 52 rotates. The drum 91 can be moved in the axial direction and the rotating direction. At the tip of the articulated arm 52, a laser torch 61 is attached, and an optical fiber 6
2, the tip of the laser torch 61 is directed to the upper part of the rotating drum 91.
An air nozzle 70 is provided in the vicinity of the articulated arm 52 where the laser torch 61 is attached, and the tip of the air nozzle 70 is directed toward the upper part of the rotating drum 91.

Here, a method of breaking a plastic garbage bag according to a third embodiment of the present invention will be described. The plastic garbage bag 20 containing the garbage 21 is put into the receiving station 81 and the article detector 85 detects the plastic garbage bag 20 to drive the laser oscillation device 60 and push the pusher 80.
Are driven in the same manner as the plastic garbage bag breaking method according to the second embodiment until the plastic garbage bag 20 is sent out to the naturally falling slope 82. Subsequent steps will be described below.

(1) The plastic garbage bag 20 sent out to the free-fall slope 82 slides down the free-fall slope 82, and the projection 92 of the rotary drum 91 driven by the drive motor 95 simultaneously with the driving of the laser oscillation device 60.
And is placed on the rotating drum 91. (2) The plastic garbage bag 20 placed on the rotating drum 91 is irradiated with a laser beam by the laser torch 61 moved by the industrial robot 50, and is melted by heating to form the bag opening 22. Break the bag. (3) Simultaneously, compressed air is blown from the air nozzle 70 toward the bag opening 22 of the plastic garbage bag 20 to widen the bag opening 22, and the waste plastic or the like stored in the plastic garbage bag 20 is removed. The garbage 21 is discharged from the opening 22 of the plastic garbage bag 20, and the garbage bag 20 and the garbage 21 are separated. (4) Subsequently, as the rotation of the rotating drum 91 proceeds, the broken plastic garbage bag 20 and the garbage 21 contained therein are broken.
Are dropped onto the belt conveyor 40 while rotating, loaded, conveyed to the next step, and sorted.

With the rotation of the rotary drum 91 of the separation device 90 provided below the natural falling slope 82, the plastic garbage bag 20 is hooked on the projection 92 and lifted, and the plastic garbage bag 20 is broken by laser beam irradiation while being rotated. Further, the bag opening 22 is expanded by the compressed air ejected from the air nozzle 70, so that the broken plastic garbage bag 20 and the garbage 21 therein can be effectively separated. In particular, by irradiating the plastic garbage bag 20 that is being lifted by being hooked on the projection 92 or rotating with a laser beam, a plurality of portions on the surface of the plastic garbage bag 20 are cut, so that no uncut portion occurs, It is possible to reliably break the bag. The plastic garbage bag 20 is swung by intermittent operation or forward / reverse rotation of the rotating drum 91 by the drive motor 95, and the broken plastic garbage bag 2 is broken.
The separation between the zero and the contents 21 may be promoted.

As shown in FIG. 4, a bag breaking device 13 applied to a method of breaking a plastic garbage bag according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention is similar to the bag breaking device of the third embodiment. 1
Separation device 90 having one rotating drum 91 provided in 2
, A separating device 900 having two rotating drums 910 arranged in parallel with each other is provided.
Below, a belt conveyor 400 that conveys in a direction intersecting the direction in which the plastic garbage bag 20 slides down.
Is provided. Elements having the same functions as those of the bag breaking device 11 according to the second embodiment will be described with the same reference numerals.

Each rotating drum 910 of the separation device 900 has
A plurality of protrusions 920 are provided on the outer peripheral surface at intervals in the axial direction and the circumferential direction, and the rotating shaft 930 of each rotating drum 910 is orthogonal to the direction in which the plastic garbage bag 20 slides down the natural falling slope 82. Are supported by a support base 940, and are each driven by a drive motor 950. A receiving plate 960 for preventing the plastic garbage bag 20 and the garbage 21 from spilling from the rotating drum 910 is provided on the opposite side of the natural falling slope 82 with the rotating drum 910 interposed therebetween. Natural falling slope 82
An industrial robot 50 having an articulated arm 52 and a laser oscillating device 60 are mounted on a support table 510 near the lower end of the arm. It can move in the direction and rotation direction. A laser torch 61 is attached to the tip of the articulated arm 52 and connected to a laser oscillation device 60 by an optical fiber 62 so that the tip of the laser torch 61 faces the upper part of a rotating drum 910 provided on the natural fall slope 82 side. Further, an air nozzle 70 is provided in the vicinity of the articulated arm 52 where the laser torch 61 is attached, and a rotary drum 910 having the tip thereof provided on the natural fall slope 82 side.
Facing the top.

Here, a method of breaking a plastic garbage bag according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described. The plastic garbage bag 20 containing the garbage 21 is put into the receiving station 81, and the laser oscillation device 60
And the step of driving the pusher 80 until the plastic garbage bag 20 is sent out to the natural falling slope 82 is the same as the method for breaking the plastic garbage bag according to the second and third embodiments. Subsequent steps will be described below.

(1) The plastic garbage bag 20 sent out to the natural falling slope 82 slides down the natural falling slope 82, and both the rotating drums 910 driven by the driving motor 950 simultaneously with the driving of the laser oscillation device 60.
On top of. (2) Laser torch 61 by industrial robot 50
Scans in the axial and rotational directions of the rotating drum 910, irradiates the plastic garbage bag 20 on the rotating drum 910 in a zigzag trajectory, and heats the irradiated laser beam to form a thin film plastic. The garbage bag 20 melts and breaks. (3) Simultaneously, compressed air is injected from the air nozzle 70 toward the bag opening 22 of the plastic garbage bag 20 to widen the bag opening 22, and the waste plastic or the like stored in the plastic garbage bag 20 is removed. The contents 21 are discharged from the opening 22 of the plastic garbage bag 20. (4) If the rotation continues, the plastic garbage bag 2
0 is caught by the protrusion 920 and rotates, and enters between the two rotating drums 910 and the protrusions 9 of both the rotating drums 910.
20, the plastic garbage bag 20 is further torn, and the plastic garbage bag 20 and the contents
Are separated. (5) The separated plastic garbage bag 20 and the garbage 21 contained therein are dropped on the belt conveyor 40, loaded, sent to the next step, and sorted.

As described above, the separation device 900 including the two rotating drums 910 provided with a large number of projections 920 spaced apart from each other on the outer periphery is installed below the natural falling slope 82, and the laser beam The plastic garbage bag 2 that has been opened by the opening of the bag opening 22 by the irradiation
By hooking 0 on the projections 920 of both rotating drums 910 and rotating the rotating drum 910, the bag opening 22 is enlarged, and the broken plastic garbage bag 20 and the garbage 21 contained therein can be reliably separated. By changing the rotation speed of the two rotary drums 910, the bag opening 22 of the plastic garbage bag 20 is effectively enlarged, and the bag breaking effect is improved.

While the present invention has been described with reference to the method for breaking a plastic garbage bag according to the first to fourth embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the method and the structure described in the above embodiment. The present invention is not limited thereto, and includes other embodiments and modifications that can be considered within the scope of the matters described in the claims. For example, instead of being driven by an industrial robot, a laser torch is mounted on an orthogonal movement table (XY table), and is driven by a drive device equipped with an NC device, for example, in a linear reciprocating motion, a three-dimensional zigzag motion, a spiral motion, or the like. The plastic garbage bag may be broken by drawing an arbitrary trajectory between the widths of the conveyor on which the plastic garbage bag is conveyed.

The belt conveyor used in the method for breaking plastic garbage bags according to the first embodiment and the rotary drum used in the method for breaking plastic garbage bags according to the third and fourth embodiments are used. The plastic dust bag may be driven intermittently to extend the time during which the laser beam irradiates the plastic dust bag, thereby reliably breaking the plastic dust bag. Further, a pallet conveyor, a vibration conveyor, a chain conveyor, or the like may be used instead of the belt conveyor used in the method for breaking the plastic garbage bags according to the first to fourth embodiments. In addition, the energy density of the laser beam applied to the plastic garbage bag is set to 0.7
Although the J / mm ² approximately, since changes optimum value of energy density due to various factors, dissolved plastic garbage bag, may be inside the garbage bag sets which value if the energy density does not burn Absent.

[0035]

In the method for breaking a plastic garbage bag according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, a laser beam for dissolving the plastic garbage bag by heat is applied during the transportation of the plastic garbage bag containing the garbage. Since the bag is broken, even if the shape of the plastic garbage bag is irregular, the laser torch that generates the laser beam can be reliably broken without approaching the shape of the plastic garbage bag. Further, unlike the conventional bag-breaking method using a mechanical blade, a garbage bag is not entangled with the blade, and the operation of the bag-breaking machine is not hindered.

In particular, in the method for breaking a plastic garbage bag according to the second aspect, the output of the laser beam applied to the plastic garbage bag is set to an energy density at which the plastic garbage bag is melted and the internal garbage is not burned. Even if a plastic garbage bag containing garbage is irradiated with a laser beam, only the plastic garbage bag can be dissolved and only the thin film-like garbage bag can be cut.
The garbage inside can be processed without being damaged by cutting or burning, so the garbage inside can be prevented from burning, polluting gas or fire generated by burning, and the bag can be safely broken. . In addition, when the output of the laser beam is small, it is possible to provide an inexpensive plastic garbage bag breaking method.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, a laser torch for emitting a laser beam is provided above a conveyor for transporting garbage, and the laser beam is scanned in a direction crossing the transport direction of the garbage bag. By moving or changing the position of the laser torch only from a position away from the plastic garbage bag, irradiation can be performed repeatedly at high speed. Therefore, the possibility that uncut plastic garbage bags remain can be largely prevented. In addition, since a laser beam is irradiated while scanning the plastic garbage bags in a direction crossing the transport direction during the transportation, a large amount of plastic garbage bags can be efficiently broken.

In the method for breaking a plastic garbage bag according to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the conveyor is provided with a separating device for separating the crushed garbage bag and the garbage contained therein. A separation device provided with a number of protrusions at intervals is installed in the middle of the conveyor, and the garbage bag broken by the irradiation of the laser beam is hooked on the protrusions and lifted or rotated to cut multiple places. It is possible to surely separate the broken garbage bag and the garbage contained therein.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a bag breaking device applied to a method of breaking a plastic garbage bag according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a bag breaking device applied to a method of breaking a plastic garbage bag according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a bag breaking device applied to a method of breaking a plastic garbage bag according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a bag breaking device applied to a method of breaking a plastic garbage bag according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

10, 11, 12, 13: bag breaking device, 20: plastic trash bag, 21: trash, 22: bag opening, 30: hopper, 40: belt conveyor, 41: article detector, 50:
Industrial robot, 51: support base, 52: articulated arm,
60: laser oscillator, 61: laser torch, 6
2: optical fiber, 70: air nozzle, 80: pusher, 81: receiving station, 82: free fall slope, 83: liquid cylinder, 84: pressing plate, 85:
Article detector, 90: separation device, 91: rotating drum, 9
2: protrusion, 93: rotating shaft, 94: support base, 95: drive motor, 400: belt conveyor, 510: support base, 82
1: notch, 900: separating device, 910: rotating drum, 920: protrusion, 930: rotating shaft, 940: support base,
950: drive motor 960: receiving plate

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page F term (reference) 4D065 CA12 CC01 CC08 DD04 EB15 ED06 ED19 ED22 ED35 4D067 CD05 DD03 DD13 EE02 EE05 GA18 GB03 4F301 AA11 AC02 AD09 BA01 BA03 BA12 BA17 BA21 BA29 BF03 BF08 BF13 BG15 BG23

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A method for breaking a plastic garbage bag containing garbage and separating the plastic garbage bag and the contents thereof, wherein the plastic garbage bag containing the garbage is provided. A method for breaking a plastic garbage bag, wherein the bag is broken by irradiating the plastic garbage bag with a laser beam that dissolves the resin by heat during the transportation of the bag. 2. The method of claim 1 plastic garbage bag breakage method of wherein said laser beam irradiating the plastic garbage bag, the dissolved plastic garbage bag, the energy density that does not burn the inside of the dust A method for breaking a plastic garbage bag. 3. The method for breaking a plastic garbage bag according to claim 1, wherein the laser torch for emitting the laser beam is provided above a conveyor for transporting the garbage, and the laser beam is applied to the plastic garbage bag. A method of breaking a plastic garbage bag, characterized in that scanning is performed in a direction crossing the transport direction of the garbage. 4. A method for breaking a plastic garbage bag according to claim 3, wherein the conveyor is provided with a separating device for separating the garbage bag that has been broken and its contents. How to break garbage bags.