JP2002019963A - Loading simulation method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To surely and quickly calculate the effective loading arrangement of matters to be accommodated in accommodating rectangular parallelopiped matters to be accommodated in a rectangular parallelopiped accommodation space. SOLUTION: The information on the optimum arrangement pattern for the loading quantity not over an upper limit, and the number of loading stages, and the loading quantity are displayed by executing a process for inputting longitudinal, lateral and height dimensions and the withstand load of the accommodation space, and longitudinal, lateral and height dimensions and a weight of the matters to be accommodated, a process for calculating the upper limit of the loading quantity of the matters to be accommodated on the basis of the inputted data, a process for executing the calculations of the numbers of the matters to be accommodated capable of being arranged in the longitudinal and horizontal directions on plural patterns obtained by changing the longitudinal and lateral arrangements of the matters to be accommodated, to determine the arrangement pattern in the longitudinal and lateral two-dimensional directions of the accommodation space, a process for calculating the number of loading stages of the matters to be accommodated, and a process for calculating the loading number of the matters to be accommodated.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a stacking simulation method for calculating an arrangement for efficiently stacking items such as cardboard boxes in a storage space such as a pallet of a warehouse.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a simulation system for accommodating articles (packing containers) such as cardboard boxes in one accommodating space, conventionally, a plurality of kinds of articles having different contents, packing dimensions, etc. are stacked. A simulation method has been proposed in accordance with conditions such as prohibition of loading, vertical division, front and rear division, and total weight designation.

[0003] As another simulation method, each form and accommodation pattern (three-dimensional arrangement of the accommodation) such as a storage space such as a pallet of a warehouse and a cardboard box are described.
There is a method in which a database is stored and stored, and conditions such as a pallet size and a shape of a stored item are input to select an optimum storage pattern from the database.

[0004]

According to the former method, among the above-mentioned simulation methods, a plurality of types of items having different sizes and forms are taken into account. However, the arrangement direction is not calculated by paying attention to. Moreover, after performing a simulation of automatically arranging the objects in the initially determined direction, the operator manually checks the display of the simulation result and corrects the arrangement of the objects manually. Therefore, it is not possible to automatically calculate the optimal arrangement (placement) of the stored items.

On the other hand, in the latter simulation method,
Considering the dimensions and load capacity of the storage space and the dimensions and direction of the storage items, a method of storing and storing the storage patterns in all situations in a database is conceivable, but this method requires storing a huge amount of data. So physically impossible.

Therefore, in practice, it is necessary to adopt a method of storing some conditions and accommodation patterns in a database, but in this case, for example, when the accommodation space and the accommodation are completely new, etc. In, when the optimal solution does not exist in the database, it is necessary to substitute an accommodation pattern having close contents, and the optimal accommodation pattern may not be obtained. Also, to get the best accommodation pattern,
It is necessary to perform a new simulation calculation.

[0007] The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and when the rectangular parallelepiped storage space is to be stored in the rectangular parallelepiped storage space, it is possible to more efficiently and efficiently arrange the stacked objects. It is an object of the present invention to provide a stowage simulation method which can be calculated at a time.

[0008]

According to the simulation method of the present invention, when a rectangular parallelepiped storage space is accommodated in a rectangular parallelepiped storage space, the arrangement of efficiently stacking the racked objects is simulated. A process of inputting the vertical, horizontal, and height dimensions and load capacity of the storage space, and the vertical, horizontal, and height dimensions and weight of the stored object; The process of calculating the upper limit of the number of loaded items from the load and the weight of one item, and the calculation of the number of items that can be lined up in each of the vertical and horizontal directions, are performed vertically and horizontally. A process for obtaining a layout pattern (hereinafter, referred to as a mounting pattern) in a two-dimensional direction in the vertical and horizontal directions of the storage space by executing the plurality of patterns with different horizontal arrangements, a height upper limit dimension of the storage space, and one storage space From the height of the object The process of calculating the number of stacked items, the process of calculating the number of stacked items from the mounting pattern and the number of stacked stages calculated by the above calculation, and the number of stacked items by the calculation exceeds the upper limit. It is characterized by executing each process of the process of displaying information on the number of stacked patterns and the number of stacked layers and the number of stacked.

According to the simulation method of the present invention,
Simply enter the vertical, horizontal, and height dimensions and load capacity of the storage space, and the vertical, horizontal, and height dimensions and weight of the stored item.
The optimum accommodation pattern in consideration of the arrangement direction of the two objects is automatically calculated.

[0010]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a system for implementing the simulation method of the present invention.

The system shown in FIG. 1 is, for example, a personal computer, and includes an input unit 11, a stowage calculation unit 12,
A display unit 13 including a CRT or an LCD,
And a printing unit 14 including a printer and the like.

The input unit 11 is provided with the vertical, horizontal, and height dimensions and load capacity of the pallet storage space (rectangular shape) and the vertical, horizontal, and height of the cardboard box (rectangular shape) to be stored. You can enter dimensions and weight. Also, the input unit 11
By the operation of, it is possible to select whether the calculation result of the simulation is displayed as a graphic or as character / numerical data.

The stowage calculation unit 12 is configured to calculate a laying pattern, the number of stacks, the number of stacks, the total weight, and the like based on the input data by performing a simulation by a process described later. The calculation result is displayed on the screen of the display unit 13 in the form of a graphic or character / numerical data. The calculation result of the simulation is printed out from the printing unit 14 as necessary.

Next, a calculation program executed by the stowage calculation unit 12 will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.

In the following description, the cardboard box 1
Are defined as shown in FIG. Further, the embedment pattern in the form shown in FIG. 4 is “simple arrangement”, the embedment pattern in the form shown in FIG. 5 is “T-type arrangement”, and the embedment pattern in the form (rotationally symmetric) shown in FIG. "

Step S1: The operator operates the input unit 11 to operate the vertical, horizontal and height dimensions and the load capacity of the pallet 2 and the vertical, horizontal and height dimensions and the weight of the cardboard box 1. Enter the data.

Step S2: It is determined whether or not the input data group is insufficient for the necessary data required for the simulation calculation. If the data group is insufficient, the process proceeds to step S14 to display an alert. 13 is displayed and the program is terminated. If the input data group satisfies the required data, the process proceeds to step S3.

Step S3: It is determined whether or not the size (length, width, and height) and weight of one cardboard box 1 exceeds the size and load capacity of the pallet 2. If yes, the process proceeds to step S14, an alert is displayed on the display unit 13, and the program ends. If the size and weight of one cardboard box 1 has not exceeded, the process proceeds to step S4.

Step S4: Pallet 2 of cardboard box 1
Calculate the upper limit of the number of items to be loaded on Specifically, the calculation of [load capacity of pallet] / [weight of one cardboard box] is performed, and the integer part of the calculation result is set as the upper limit of the number of loads.

Step S5: A simulation calculation of the attachment pattern is performed. The specific calculation processing will be described below.

The cardboard boxes 1 are arranged vertically in the vertical direction of the pallet 2 or arranged in a combination of vertical and horizontal directions. Of these multiple arrangements, there is a surplus in the vertical direction of the pallet 2. Find the combination that minimizes the dimensions.

The cardboard boxes 1 are arranged side by side in the horizontal direction of the pallet 2 or arranged in a combination of vertical and horizontal directions. Find the combination that minimizes the dimensions.

When the combination that minimizes the extra dimension by the above processing is the vertical or horizontal placement of the cardboard box 1, the mounting pattern is simply arranged (FIG. 4). See). In the case of the simple arrangement, the possible number of the cardboard boxes 1 is compared between the arrangement in which the cardboard boxes 1 are arranged vertically and the arrangement in which the cardboard boxes 1 are arranged only horizontally, and the larger one is the maximum number of attachments in the simple arrangement.

On the other hand, in the combination obtained in the processing with the above processing, the placement of the cardboard box 1 in either the vertical direction or the horizontal direction of the pallet 2 is only vertical or horizontal, and the other is vertical or horizontal. If the extra dimension is minimized when placing in combination, change the mounting pattern to T
It is determined that the mold is arranged (see FIG. 5).

In the combination obtained by the above processing and the processing described above, the extra space inside the pattern is evaluated.
If the extra space is "0" or "positive", it is determined that the girder arrangement is possible as the attachment pattern.

The conditions for evaluating the extra space will be described with reference to FIG.

Condition C1: The sum of the vertical dimensions of the vertically placed cardboard boxes 1 arranged in the vertical direction of the pallet 2 is L1A, and the total of the horizontal dimensions of the horizontally placed cardboard boxes 1 arranged in the horizontal direction of the pallet 2 is L.
If 1B and the vertical and horizontal dimensions of the pallet 2 are A and B, 2L1A ≦ Aor2L1B ≦ B.

Condition C2: The total of the horizontal dimensions of the horizontally arranged cardboard boxes 1 arranged in the vertical direction of the pallet 2 is L2A, and the total of the vertical dimensions of the vertically arranged cardboard boxes 1 arranged in the horizontal direction of the pallet 2 is L.
Assuming that 2B and the respective dimensions of the pallet 2 in the vertical and horizontal directions are A and B, 2L2A ≦ Aor2L2B ≦ B.

When both the above conditions C1 and C2 are satisfied, it is determined that the extra space is "0" or "positive".

Step S6: Pallet 2 of cardboard box 1
Calculate the number of stacking steps. Specifically, the calculation of [the upper limit dimension of the pallet accommodating space] / [the height dimension of one cardboard box] is performed, and the integer part of the calculation result is set as the number of stacking steps.

Step S7: The mounting pattern calculated in step S5 is multiplied by the number of stacks calculated in step S6 to calculate the number of stacked cardboard boxes 1 for each mounting pattern. In addition, the calculated loading number and 1
Calculate the total weight using the weight of one cardboard box.

Step S8: If the vertical dimension of one cardboard box 1 is smaller than the height dimension or the horizontal dimension is smaller than the height dimension, the process shifts to step S15 to perform horizontal stacking processing. In the horizontal stacking process, when the height of the upper surplus space of the pallet storage space is larger than the vertical or horizontal size of the cardboard box 1, the vertical or horizontal direction of the cardboard box 1 is arranged in the height direction of the storage space. And the above step S
By performing the same processing as in step 5, the arrangement pattern of the cardboard box 1 and its quantity are calculated.

Step S9: The number of cardboard boxes 1 loaded on the pallet 2 calculated is compared with the upper limit of the number of loaded boxes calculated in step S4, and simulation data (yes pattern, stacking) not exceeding the upper limit is calculated. (The number of stages, the number of loads, and the total weight) are extracted and stored in the primary time. If the number of horizontal stacks is calculated in step S15, the comparison is performed including the number of horizontal stacks. If the number exceeds the upper limit, the comparison is performed again using the number of loads excluding the horizontal stack portion.

Step S10: It is confirmed whether the display instruction selected by the operation of the input unit 11 is a graphic display or a numerical data display.

When the display instruction is a figure, drawing data for displaying the attachment pattern (primarily stored pattern) calculated by the simulation calculation in a form illustrated in FIGS. 4 to 6 is created. Is performed (step S11). Next, based on the drawing data,
After displaying each mounting pattern as a graphic on the screen of the display unit 13 and displaying the primary storage number of stacks, the number of loads, and the total weight as numerical data (step S12), the program ends. If the horizontal stacking arrangement / quantity is calculated in step S15, the same processing is performed on those data, and the data is displayed on the screen of the display unit 13.

On the other hand, when the display instruction is a numerical value, the format of the primary storage attachment pattern is changed to the characters "simple arrangement",
Displayed as "T-shaped arrangement" or "crossed girder arrangement"
After displaying the number of stacks, the number of loads, and the total weight as numerical data (step S13), the program ends. If the horizontal stacking arrangement / quantity is calculated in step S15, those data are displayed in the display unit 1 in the same format.
3 is displayed on the screen.

By the above-described loading simulation calculation processing, the accommodation pattern (the loading pattern and the number of stacking steps) having the best loading efficiency is displayed on the screen of the display unit 13, so that the operator only needs to look at the display screen. It is possible to instantly grasp the form, the number of loads, and the total weight of the optimal accommodation pattern (the number of loads is maximum). If there are multiple accommodation patterns with the same accommodation capacity (with the same maximum loading number),
It is sufficient that the stability at the time of stacking is evaluated based on the judgment of the operator to determine an optimum accommodation pattern.

[0039]

As described above, according to the simulation method of the present invention, the length, width, and height of the accommodation space and the load capacity, and the length, width, and height of the accommodation object, By simply inputting the weight, a storage pattern in consideration of the arrangement direction of one storage item is automatically calculated. Therefore, when the simulation method of the present invention is applied, for example, when goods are moved from another warehouse, the storage capacity of the warehouse can be accurately calculated. Further, the accommodable amount can be easily calculated from the free space of the warehouse, and the accommodating pattern having the largest accommodating amount can also be calculated, so that the management efficiency of the warehouse can be maximized.

Further, since a complicated placement such as a vertical placement or a horizontal placement is also calculated, it is possible to examine a process in which the placement has been conventionally performed by trial and error without any actual thing.
Furthermore, when planning a new product or changing the dimensions of a cardboard box, it is possible to calculate not only the volume but also the layout type, so that the volume load on the warehouse can be predicted in advance and the transportation cost can be reduced. It is also possible to predict. Here, the fare is usually calculated from the fee of the transport vehicle and the amount loaded on the vehicle. Conventionally, the approximate capacity of the transport vehicle was divided by the volume or weight of the contents, but by applying the simulation method of the present invention,
Since the number that can be loaded on the target transport vehicle is calculated instantaneously, the fare can be calculated accurately and quickly.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a system for executing a stacking simulation according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating processing contents of a calculation program executed in the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a cardboard box to be stacked on a pallet.

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of a mounting pattern (simple arrangement).

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of a mounting pattern (T-type arrangement).

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of a mounting pattern (cross-girder arrangement).

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of a method for evaluating an extra space.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Cardboard box 2 Pallet 11 Input part 12 Stowage calculation part 13 Display part 14 Printing part

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A method for simulating an arrangement in which, when a rectangular parallelepiped-shaped object smaller than the accommodating space is accommodated in a rectangular parallelepiped-shaped accommodating space, an arrangement for efficiently stacking the accommodated objects is provided. The process of inputting each dimension and load capacity of width and height, and each dimension and weight of length, width and height of a stored item, and the load from the input load capacity of the storage space and the weight of one load The process of calculating the upper limit of the number of items to be loaded and the calculation of the number of items that can be arranged in each of the vertical and horizontal directions of the accommodation space are performed by changing the arrangement of the items vertically and horizontally. A process of obtaining an arrangement pattern in the two-dimensional direction of the storage space by executing the above-mentioned pattern, and a process of calculating the number of stacking levels of the storage items from the upper limit dimension of the storage space and the height dimension of one storage item. The two-dimensional method calculated by the above calculation The process of calculating the number of items to be loaded from the arrangement pattern and the number of stacks in the above, and the process of displaying information on the arrangement pattern and the number of stages and the number of stacked items so that the number of items to be loaded does not exceed the upper limit by the calculation A stowage simulation method characterized by performing processing.