JP2002017718A - X-ray sensor cassette and x-rays equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an X-ray sensor cassette usable in common for both panoramic radiography and cephalic radiography to reduce the cost of X-rays equipment. SOLUTION: This X-ray sensor cassette 1 is used for the X-rays equipment 50 capable of both panoramic radiography and cephalic radiography and provided with a function of generating a radioparency image in the form of an electric signal to output it. The X-ray sensor cassette 1 can be detachably mounted to either one of a cassette holder 1 for panoramic radiography and a cassette holder 8c for cephalic radiography, and the length of an image pickup element for forming the radioparency image is the length for cephalic radiography.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention is used in dental practice, oral surgery, otolaryngology, and the like.
The present invention relates to an X-ray sensor cassette used for both panoramic X-ray imaging for capturing a radiographic image and a head standard, that is, cephalometric X-ray imaging, and an X-ray imaging apparatus using this X-ray sensor cassette.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a dental X-ray apparatus which can perform not only panoramic X-ray imaging but also cephalometric X-ray imaging using the same X-ray generator has been used.

For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 3-73306,
Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 7-15524 filed by the present applicant proposes such an X-ray imaging apparatus, but all of them use a film cassette.

On the other hand, an X-ray sensor cassette having a function of generating and outputting an X-ray transmission image in the form of an electric signal with respect to a film-type cassette can obtain an image immediately and can process the image. There is an advantage that the conventional film cassette does not have, for example, it is possible to reduce the X-ray exposure dose due to high sensitivity, and the present applicant has developed an X-ray sensor cassette in order to take advantage of this advantage. An X-ray imaging apparatus capable of performing not only panoramic X-ray imaging but also cephalometric X-ray imaging while using the same has been proposed in, for example, JP-A-8-19534.

[0005]

However, in panoramic X-ray photography, the required vertical length of an image is usually one.
5 cm, whereas cephalometric X-rays usually
An X-ray imaging apparatus that requires 5 cm and uses a film cassette to perform both photographing uses a film cassette dedicated to panorama and cephalo, and it was not considered that these would be shared.

On the other hand, in an X-ray imaging apparatus that inherits this flow and performs both radiographing using an X-ray sensor, it is proposed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-143981 to use an X-ray sensor shared with panorama and cephalometer. However, since the sensor with a length of about 15 cm for panoramic X-ray photography was also used for ceparo,
The sensor had to be mounted horizontally on the cephalometric head fixing device, and the sensor and the X-ray generator had to be moved up and down in synchronization.

For this reason, a large-scale mechanism for moving the X-ray generator up and down is required, and the cost is high. Further, since the sensor did not include the TDI clock signal generator, it was not possible to control the X-ray imaging apparatus from the sensor side.

The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and can be used for both panoramic imaging and cephalometric X-ray imaging, to reduce the cost of the X-ray imaging apparatus and to reduce the cost of the X-ray sensor cassette. It is an object of the present invention to provide an X-ray sensor cassette capable of controlling the X-ray imaging apparatus from the above, and an X-ray imaging apparatus using this X-ray sensor cassette.

[0009]

In order to solve the above problems, the present applicant has proposed an X-ray sensor cassette and an X-ray imaging apparatus using the X-ray sensor cassette.

The X-ray sensor cassette according to claim 1 is
Panoramic X-ray photography in which a rotating arm that keeps the X-ray generator and the X-ray sensor cassette facing each other is rotated to rotate around a subject, and a cephalotic head fixing device fixed to the tip of the cephalometric arm. The X-ray generator rotatably mounted on the revolving arm with the X-ray sensor cassette movably mounted on the cephalometric head fixing device so as to maintain a facing state. An X-ray sensor cassette which is used in an X-ray imaging apparatus capable of performing both cephalometric X-ray imaging by moving and moving it, and having a function of generating and outputting an X-ray transmission image in the form of an electric signal. The panoramic X-ray cassette holder and the cephalometric X-ray cassette holder can be detachably attached to the cassette holder to generate an X-ray transmission image. Wherein the length of the element has a length for cephalometric X-ray imaging.

This X-ray sensor cassette is used in an X-ray imaging apparatus capable of performing both panoramic X-ray imaging and cephalometric X-ray imaging, and can be attached to both panoramic and cephalometric cassette holders. The length is such that cephalometric X-ray imaging is possible, and a panoramic imaging is sufficiently possible with an image sensor having this length.

Therefore, this cassette can be mounted on a panorama cassette holder to perform panoramic X-ray photography.
A cephalometric X-ray can be taken by attaching it to a cassette holder for ceparo. In addition to using only one sensor cassette, a rotating mechanism that horizontally rotates the x-ray generator with respect to a swivel arm during cephalometric imaging is used. Therefore, the structure is simplified, and the cost can be reduced.

The X-ray sensor cassette according to claim 2 is
Panoramic X-ray photography in which a rotating arm that keeps the X-ray generator and the X-ray sensor cassette facing each other is rotated to rotate around a subject, and a cephalotic head fixing device fixed to the tip of the cephalometric arm. The X-ray generator rotatably mounted on the revolving arm with the X-ray sensor cassette movably mounted on the cephalometric head fixing device so as to maintain a facing state. An X-ray sensor cassette which is used in an X-ray imaging apparatus capable of performing both cephalometric X-ray imaging by moving and moving it, and having a function of generating and outputting an X-ray transmission image in the form of an electric signal. Therefore, it can be detachably attached to both the cassette holder for panoramic X-ray imaging and the cassette holder for cephalometric X-ray imaging. An imaging element length required in § B X-ray imaging, a TDI clock generator for generating TDI clock signal, TD to control the frequency of the TDI clock signal
TDI clock control means for generating a TDI clock signal from the TDI clock generator based on the I frequency control information, and performing time-delay integration control of a charge image generated in the image sensor in accordance with the TDI clock signal; Detecting means for detecting whether the sensor cassette is mounted on a cassette holder for panoramic X-ray imaging or a cassette holder for cephalometric X-ray imaging, and based on a detection signal from the detecting means, the TDI clock control means The control mode is switched to one of a panoramic X-ray imaging mode and a cephalometric X-ray imaging mode.

This X-ray sensor cassette can be used for panorama and cephalometer as well as TD.
It is a self-propelled type equipped with a TDI clock generator and the like necessary for I photography. In other words, when an X-ray sensor cassette is used, the charge image generated and accumulated in the image sensor is transferred in the same manner as when shooting with a film cassette.
Although it is necessary to perform DI (time delay integration) imaging, the necessary equipment is provided on the cassette side.

Therefore, even when the photographing apparatus does not have a TDI photographing function, panoramic X-ray photographing and cephalometric X-ray photographing using an X-ray sensor cassette can be performed simply by mounting the cassette in each cassette holder. It is possible.

The X-ray sensor cassette according to claim 3 is
3. An X-ray sensor cassette according to claim 2, wherein said detecting means comprises a cassette holder for panoramic X-ray imaging and a Cephalo X by electrically or mechanically connecting said X-ray sensor cassette to said X-ray imaging apparatus. It is characterized in that it detects which of the cassette holders for X-ray photography is mounted.

In this X-ray sensor cassette, the detection means is specifically defined, and the detection by electrical connection means that, for example, an electric connection terminal for panoramic X-ray imaging and a cephalo X-ray A different resistor or the like is connected to a vacant terminal of the imaging electrical connection terminal, and this is detected when the X-ray sensor cassette is electrically connected.

The detection by mechanical connection means that, for example, a limit switch is provided at a different position on the cassette side, and an ON means for one of the limit switches is provided in a panoramic X-ray imaging cassette holder, and a cephalometric X-ray imaging cassette is provided. An ON means for the other limit switch is provided in the holder, and when the sensor cassette is mounted, it is determined which limit switch is turned ON.
The X-ray imaging apparatus according to claim 4, wherein a panoramic X-ray imaging is performed by rotating a rotating arm that maintains an X-ray generator and an X-ray sensor cassette in opposition to each other around a subject, and a cephalometric arm. Cefaro X fixed at the end of
The X-ray generator rotatably mounted on the swivel arm with the X-ray head fixing device interposed therebetween, and the Cephalo X
X-ray imaging apparatus capable of performing both cephalometric X-ray imaging by synchronizing and moving an X-ray sensor cassette movably mounted on a head fixing device for X-ray imaging so as to maintain a facing state Wherein both the panoramic X-ray cassette holder provided on the pivot arm and the cephalometric X-ray cassette holder provided on the cephalometric arm are provided for both panoramic X-ray imaging and cephalometric X-ray imaging. It is characterized in that an X-ray sensor cassette capable of radiography can be detachably mounted.

This X-ray imaging apparatus can use an X-ray sensor cassette that can be used for both panoramic X-ray imaging and cephalometric X-ray imaging.
The effect of can be exhibited.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the X-ray imaging apparatus according to the fourth aspect, the X-ray sensor cassette includes the panoramic X-ray imaging cassette holder and the cephalometric X-ray imaging cassette. A detection means for electrically or mechanically detecting which of the holders is attached or detached is provided.

This X-ray imaging apparatus is provided with a detecting means for detecting which cassette holder has the X-ray sensor cassette attached or detached on the apparatus side. Based on the detection signal, panoramic X-ray imaging or cephalo X-ray imaging is performed. It is possible to determine whether the photographing is performed.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the X-ray imaging apparatus according to the fifth aspect, the X-ray generator includes X-rays necessary for panoramic X-ray imaging and cephalometric X-ray imaging. X for selectively forming a slit for transmitting a line beam
X-ray slit means is provided, wherein the X-ray slit means receives the cassette mounting signal from the detection means and forms the slit for panoramic X-ray photography and cephalometric X-ray photography. .

In this X-ray imaging apparatus, the slit of the X-ray slit means is switched by the cassette mounting signal of the detecting means provided on the cassette holder. Therefore, the X-ray sensor cassette is simply mounted on the desired cassette holder. Thus, an X-ray beam required for panoramic X-ray imaging and cephalometric X-ray imaging is irradiated.

At this time, it goes without saying that all the related devices of the photographing apparatus are set to the panoramic X-ray photographing mode and the cephalometric X-ray photographing mode.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the X-ray imaging apparatus according to the fourth aspect, the X-ray sensor cassette capable of performing both the panoramic X-ray imaging and the cephalometric X-ray imaging is provided. , An image sensor having a length required for cephalometric X-ray imaging, a TDI clock generator for generating a TDI clock signal, and TDI frequency control information for controlling the frequency of the TDI clock signal. A TDI clock signal generating means for generating a TDI clock signal from the TDI clock generator, and a time delay integration control of a charge image generated in the image pickup device in accordance with the TDI clock signal; Detecting means for detecting whether the cassette holder is mounted on a cassette holder for cephalography or a cassette holder for cephalometric radiography. The TD based on the detection signal from the stage
The control mode of the I-clock control means is switched and set to one of a panoramic X-ray imaging mode and a cephalometric X-ray imaging mode. The X-ray generator includes a panoramic X-ray imaging mode and a cephalometric X-ray imaging mode. X-ray slit means for selectively forming a slit for transmitting an X-ray beam required for the X-ray sensor cassette, the X-ray slit means receiving a signal from a detection means of the X-ray sensor cassette, For panoramic X-ray photography and cephalometric X-ray photography.

This X-ray apparatus uses a self-propelled X-ray sensor cassette that can be used in common.
The detection signal of X-ray imaging or cephalometric X-ray imaging is obtained from the cassette side, and the slit of the X-ray slit means is switched. Therefore, even in the case of the self-propelled type, the X-ray sensor is attached to the desired cassette holder. Just install the cassette,
An X-ray beam required for panoramic X-ray imaging and cephalometric X-ray imaging is applied. An X-ray sensor cassette according to an eighth aspect is the X-ray sensor cassette according to any one of the first to third aspects, wherein the imaging device is configured by connecting a plurality of partial imaging devices, and performs panoramic X-ray imaging. Alternatively, only a necessary partial imaging element is selectively driven in accordance with an imaging mode such as cephalometric X-ray imaging.

In this X-ray sensor cassette, only the partial image pickup device necessary for the imaging mode of panoramic X-ray imaging or cephalometric X-ray imaging is selectively driven, so that power consumption can be reduced.
The element control can be simplified and the control load can be reduced, and the size of the obtained transmission X-ray image data can be adjusted to a required size.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the X-ray imaging apparatus according to any one of the fourth to sixth aspects, wherein
The X-ray sensor cassette generates an X-ray transmission image and includes an imaging element having a length necessary for cephalometric X-ray imaging. The imaging element is configured by connecting a plurality of partial imaging elements, and performs panoramic X-ray imaging. In this case, only a necessary partial imaging device is selectively driven in accordance with the imaging mode of cephalometric X-ray imaging.

This X-ray imaging apparatus uses an X-ray
Since the line sensor cassette is provided with the same imaging device as in claim 8, the same effect as in claim 8 is exerted as a device.

According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, in the X-ray apparatus according to the seventh aspect, the image pickup device is configured by connecting a plurality of partial image pickup devices, and performs panoramic X-ray photography or cephalo imaging. It is characterized in that only a necessary partial imaging element is selectively driven in accordance with an imaging mode of X-ray imaging.

This X-ray imaging apparatus uses an X-ray
Since the image pickup device built in the line sensor cassette has the same configuration as that of the eighth aspect, the same effect as that of the eighth aspect is exhibited as a device.

An X-ray imaging apparatus according to an eleventh aspect is the X-ray imaging apparatus according to any one of the fourth to seventh, ninth or tenth aspects, wherein the X-ray generator is built in the X-ray generator to generate the X-ray beam. The X-ray tube to be fixed, a slit formed for cephalometric X-ray imaging by the X-ray slit, and a secondary slit provided on the X-ray generator side of the cephalometric X-ray imaging head fixing device. And performing the cephalometric X-ray imaging by scanning the X-ray beam onto a subject fixed to the cephalometric X-ray imaging head fixing device while synchronously moving the X-ray sensor cassette in the same direction. It is characterized by.

In this X-ray imaging apparatus, the X-ray tube provided in the X-ray generator is kept fixed without being moved or rotated. Instead, the X-ray beam from this X-ray tube is emitted at the emission portion. Slit limited to a certain range (primary slit)
And a secondary slit for further limiting before the subject is irradiated, and an X-ray sensor cassette for receiving an X-ray beam transmitted through the subject are synchronously moved in the same direction to perform cephalometric X-ray photography. Since the X-ray tube is fixed, the X-ray beam irradiation scan without center deviation can be performed, and X-ray imaging can be performed more clearly.

[0034]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is an external front view of an example of the X-ray sensor cassette of the present invention and an X-ray imaging apparatus using the cassette.

The X-ray imaging apparatus 50 is an imaging apparatus capable of performing panoramic X-ray imaging and cephalometric X-ray imaging.
The X-ray sensor cassette 1 used for this can be used for both panoramic X-ray imaging and cephalometric X-ray imaging.

A support 3 is erected on a base 2 of the apparatus main body, and a support 4 is mounted on the support 3 so as to be able to move up and down, and a turning arm 5 is mounted on the support 4 so as to be able to turn. A support arm 4a extending substantially horizontally and a patient frame 4b are provided at the upper end and the lower end of the support 4, respectively, and a chin rest 4c is provided on the patient frame 4b.

The support arm 4a has a built-in XY table which can be freely moved in the front-rear direction and the left-right direction by a step motor. The revolving arm 5 is suspended via the XY table and arbitrarily moves in a horizontal plane. I can do it. Reference numeral 4d denotes a patient head holder fixed to the lower surface of the support arm 4a so as to be position-adjustable so as not to move with respect to the horizontal movement or rotation of the turning arm 5.

The turning arm 5 is provided with a turning mechanism for turning the turning arm 5 with respect to the support arm 4a by a step motor. The turning arm 5 is used to set the turning center position by the XY table during panoramic photography. It is configured to be able to turn about a vertical axis while moving every moment.

The swing arm 5 has both ends hanging down. An X-ray generator 6 is provided at one end 5a, and an X-ray generator 6 is provided at the other end 5b.
The line detectors 7 are provided to face each other. X-ray generator 6 includes
An X-ray tube, an X-ray slit means to be described later, and the like are provided, and the whole thereof is rotatable with respect to the end portion 5b for cephalometric X-ray imaging. The details will be described later.

The X-ray detecting section 7 is provided with a panorama cassette holder 7a, in which the X-ray sensor cassette 1 can be detachably mounted.

The X-ray imaging apparatus 50 further includes a Cephalo X
A cephal device 8 for enabling radiography is provided. The cephalo device 8 includes a ceparo arm 8a extending from the back surface of the support 4, a cephalo head fixing device 8b provided at the tip of the arm 8a, and a cephalo head at the tip of the arm 8a. The X-ray sensor cassette 1 is provided with a cephalometric cassette holder 8c provided movably in a horizontal direction perpendicular to the direction in which the arm 8a extends with respect to the fixing device 8b. It can be attached detachably.

Reference numeral 13 denotes a remote control box, which is located outside an X-ray protection room (not shown) in which the X-ray imaging device 50 is housed so that it can be used for both panoramic X-ray photography and cephalometric X-ray photography. It is installed in a position where it is easy to operate.

In the X-ray imaging apparatus 50, when the X-ray sensor cassette 1 is mounted on the panorama cassette holder 7a provided in the X-ray detecting section 7 of the revolving arm 5, this mounting is detected, and the panorama imaging mode is set. The subject fixed by the chin rest 4c of the patient frame 4b and the patient's head holder 4d, that is, the X-ray generator 6 and the X-ray detection unit 7 are kept facing each other by the turning arm 5 across the patient's head. Turn while performing panoramic X-ray photography.

On the other hand, when the X-ray sensor cassette 1 is mounted on the cephalometric cassette holder 8c of the cephalometric device 8,
When this mounting is detected, the mode is set to the cephalometric imaging mode, and the turning arm 5 rotates the straight line connecting the turning center of the turning arm 5 and the head fixing device 8b for the cephalometer so that the X-ray detection unit 7 does not obstruct the predetermined turning. Position, while the X-ray generator 6 pivots with respect to the end 5a and the cephalotic head fixing device 8b
The X-ray sensor cassette 1 faces the subject fixed to the X-ray sensor cassette 1.

At this time, the X-ray sensor cassette 1, the object, and the X-ray generator 6 are arranged in a straight line, and the distance ratio is:
Distance between subject and X-ray generator 6: X-ray sensor cassette 1
-The distance of the X-ray generator 6 is set to 1: 1.1.

In this state, the X-ray generator 6 is
While rotating with respect to the end 5a of the X-ray generator 6
The cephalometric cassette holder 8c of the cephalometer 8 moves in a horizontal direction substantially perpendicular to the X-ray beam in accordance with the movement of the X-ray beam emitted from the holder 8c.
X-ray sensor cassette 1 attached to
Radiography is performed.

In this way, in the X-ray imaging apparatus 50, both the panoramic X-ray imaging and the cephalometric X-ray imaging can be performed by one X-ray sensor cassette 1, so that the expensive X-ray sensor cassette can be used exclusively for panorama and cephalometric imaging. There is no need to provide a separate device, and the rotating mechanism for the cephal has a very simple structure, so that the cost of the entire apparatus can be reduced.

FIG. 2A is an external perspective view of the X-ray sensor cassette shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 2B is a view of the X-ray sensor cassette, and FIG. 2C is a longitudinal sectional view of the X-ray detection unit. Therefore, the same portions are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description will be omitted.

As shown in FIG. 2 (a), the X-ray sensor cassette 1 is provided with an X-ray light receiving portion 1o in the longitudinal direction at the front center thereof, and an electric X-ray such as a CCD (solid-state image pickup device) therein.
A line detector (not shown, described later) and various circuits related to the line detector are housed. The line detector is housed in an outer housing 1p, and a connector 1n for connection to an external circuit is provided on one side. Above and below the cassette holder 7a,
Guide rib 1 slidably fitted in 8c guide groove
g is provided.

The X-ray light receiving portion 1o is made of a material which has good transparency to X-rays but shields visible light, for example, a dark ABS resin. The length of the X-ray light receiving section 1o is longer than that of a conventional panorama-only one so that cephalometric imaging can be performed. Specifically, the vertical length is about 25 cm, but this is only in accordance with the length of the light receiving section necessary for ordinary cephalometric imaging, and is not limited to this value.

The connector 1n is normally connected to a connector (not shown) of the X-ray detector 7 by a cable (not shown) in which a power supply line and a signal line are integrated, but other external devices such as a personal computer. Can also be used for connection with Exterior housing 1
p is a metal such as an aluminum plate or a synthetic resin such as an ABS resin.
It is made of an appropriate material that can provide a necessary strength.

As can be seen from FIG. 2B, on the opposite side of the connector 1n of the X-ray sensor cassette 1, two limit switches 1r are provided at different positions.

When the sensor cassette 1 is completely mounted on the cassette holders 7a and 8c, the limit switch 1r comes into contact with limits provided at different positions of the respective cassette holders 7a and 8c, and the sensor cassette 1 side. This is to detect which of the cassette holders 7a and 8c for panorama and cephalometer is mounted.

As can be seen from FIG. 2C, the X-ray detector 7
Has a panoramic cassette holder 7a, and its X-ray generator 6 side has two vertical slits corresponding to the primary slits of the generator 6.
A shielding plate 7b having a next slit 7ba is provided to face the X-ray generator 6.

The cassette holder 7a is provided with a pair of upper and lower guide grooves 7aa for guiding the X-ray sensor cassette 1 and detachably mounting the same. This X-ray detector 7
In the rear part, an apparatus main body control unit 11 composed of a printed circuit board or the like incorporating various circuits, and an operation panel 12 are provided so as to cover the outside thereof, and the operation panel 12 has various switches and a liquid crystal display unit ( (Not shown).

A limit contact 7c is provided at the back end of the panorama cassette holder 7a. The limit 7c is turned on by only one of the limit switches 1r of the X-ray sensor cassette 1 to turn on the sensor cassette. The side 1 detects that the panorama cassette holder 7a has been mounted.

FIG. 3 shows an electric X-ray image detector built in the X-ray sensor cassette.

The detector 1a is installed on the back side of the X-ray receiving section 1p, and emits light (scintillator) 1aa for converting the irradiated X-rays into visible light, and emits light of the light-emitting body 1aa to the image sensor 1ac. Optical fiber 1a transmitting to the light receiving surface
b and a connection type imaging device 1ac. 1p
a is a protective case, 1pb is a sealing material, 1ad is a base,
1ae is a signal pin of the image sensor 1ac.

As described above, in the X-ray sensor cassette 1, the length of the X-ray light receiving portion 1p in the up-down direction is the length for the longer one of the panorama and the cephalometer. The detector 1a also has a length corresponding to this.

The image pickup device 1ac comprises a partial image pickup device 1ac-
1, 1ac-2, 1ac-3 are connected and connected in the longitudinal direction, and an imaging mode of panoramic X-ray imaging or cephalometric X-ray imaging detected by itself, or X
In the case of cephalometric X-ray imaging, all the partial imaging elements 1ac-1, 1ac-2, and 1ac-3 are driven according to the imaging mode based on communication data from the X-ray imaging apparatus. In the case of panoramic X-ray photography, only the partial imaging devices 1ac-1 and 1ac-2 or only the partial imaging devices 1ac-2 and 1ac-3 are driven.

As described above, only the necessary partial image pickup device is driven in accordance with the purpose of photographing, so that power consumption can be reduced, control of the device can be simplified, and control load can be reduced. The size of the transmitted X-ray image data can be adjusted to a required size.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a main part of the X-ray sensor cassette of FIG.

The X-ray sensor cassette 1 controls the operation of each circuit in the cassette 1 and the operation of the entire apparatus including the apparatus main body, either alone or in combination with the apparatus main body control section 11, as described above. A control unit 1b composed of an MPU (CPU), an input / output port 1c, a TDI clock generator 1d for generating a TDI clock signal, an image sensor driving circuit 1e, an A / D converter 1f, a memory 1i, a communication control circuit 1j, A power supply circuit 1k, a connector 1n, and the like are provided.
These circuits are connected as illustrated in the figure.

The X-ray sensor cassette 1 is used by being detachably mounted on cassette holders 7a and 8c of an X-ray imaging apparatus, and a connector 1n is provided with a connection cable derived from the apparatus main body control unit 11. An electrical and control connection with the main body side is made by a connector 15a provided on the device 15. The apparatus main body control unit 11 includes a control unit 1
In order to input control information or the like to the X-ray sensor cassette 1 or the X-ray sensor cassette 1 or to output and save data, an external device 30 composed of a personal computer or the like can be connected. .

Further, the X-ray sensor cassette 1
A digital signal may be output by performing D conversion, or an A / D converter may be provided in the control unit of the apparatus, and the cassette 1
, An analog signal may be output and a digital signal may be output on the device side.

The characteristic of this sensor cassette 1 is that the inside of the sensor cassette 1 is provided with the above-described TDI clock generator 1d, and correspondingly generates a TDI clock based on TDI frequency control information for controlling the frequency of a TDI clock signal. A TDI clock signal is generated from the device 1d.
The control unit 1b includes a TDI clock control unit 1ba for performing time-delay integration control of a charge image generated in the image sensor in response to a clock signal.
The point is that a clock control information storage memory 1ia storing frequency control information is provided.

That is, the sensor cassette itself has a T
A DI clock generator and TDI clock control means;
This is a self-running mode sensor cassette that can perform TDI control of an image sensor without receiving a TDI clock signal from an X-ray imaging apparatus. Therefore, even if the TDI clock generator is not provided on the X-ray imaging apparatus main body side, the TDI
Shooting can be realized. This means that even if the X-ray imaging apparatus does not support TDI imaging, TDI imaging can be performed simply by replacing the detector with the detector of the present invention, which has a great industrial effect.

In the sensor cassette 1, since the TDI clock control means 1ba has the clock control information storage memory 1ia, the TDI clock control means 1ba stores the TDI clock stored in advance by the manufacturer.
The DI frequency control information can be taken out of the memory 1ia to perform imaging in the TDI control mode, which is convenient. Further, if the clock control information storage memory 1ia is made rewritable, the TDI frequency control information can be rewritten so as to conform to the product specification of the X-ray imaging apparatus at the time of shipment from a manufacturer or the like. By simply mounting the detector on the device, it is convenient to perform imaging in the TDI control mode according to the device main body.

The control information storage memory 1ia is preferably composed of a flash memory, an EEPROM or the like, but has a rewritable storage content and retains its content even when the power is turned off. Anything is fine.

Further, in the sensor cassette 1, a plurality of patterns of TDI frequency control information are stored in the memory 1ia and a clock selecting means 1e for selecting a desired one from the plurality of patterns is provided. When the attached X-ray imaging apparatus is a panoramic X-ray imaging apparatus, control such as enlargement imaging, maxillary sinus imaging, and temporomandibular joint imaging, and selection of adults, children, and the like can be performed, which is convenient.

Further, when time-delay integration control is performed on the charge image generated in the image pickup device 1ac, binning processing is performed, and at least a standard photographing mode and a high-speed photographing mode that enables photographing at a higher speed than the standard photographing mode are performed. Is selected, and any one of the modes can be selectively executed. In each shooting mode, the frequency of the TDI clock signal and information for binning processing are used as control elements. It is convenient for the surgeon, and each shooting mode can be performed well. The binning process will be described later.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of an image sensor provided in the X-ray sensor cassette of FIG.

The image pickup device 1ac is constituted by an FFT type (full frame transfer type) CCD image sensor, and Ca is a sensor matrix constituting a light receiving portion, and a horizontal shift register for transferring signal charges in the horizontal direction. A portion Cb is formed by forming a plurality of rows vertically and
Pixels e arranged in rows and columns are formed by potential wells formed in these horizontal shift register sections Cb.

Cc is a coupling shift register that stores and couples the charge images transferred in parallel in the horizontal direction at the same time to the potential wells of the horizontal shift register section Cb formed by forming a plurality of columns vertically and Cd. Is an output well for accumulating and coupling the coupled charge image serially transferred in the vertical direction from the coupling shift register Cc in the vertical direction, and Ce is a combined charge image sequentially output from the output well Cd. It is an amplifier that converts it into a voltage signal and outputs it as a sensor signal.

The sensor signal output from the amplifier Ce is
After the zero is corrected by the zero offset correction circuit Cf, it is sent to the AD converter 1f. C
g is for transmitting and controlling necessary control signals including a TDI clock signal to transfer a charge image and perform binning processing to a shift register unit, a coupling shift register, an output well, and the like constituting a CCD image sensor. Controller.

Here, a description will be given of the processing for binning the signal charges inherent to the present invention and increasing the speed of the TDI clock.

In the present invention, for example, high-speed photography,
In the case of medical panoramic X-ray photography such as for dental use in which the swivel arm 5 shown in FIG. 1 is swiveled at high speed, it is required that the transfer of the charge image in the image sensor be performed at high speed. Therefore, the charge image accumulated on the light receiving surface of the image sensor is transferred by a TDI clock signal having a high frequency. However, the charge image generated by the CCD sensor is converted into a voltage and converted into a sensor signal.
If the signal is output to the AD converter as it is, the AD converter needs to convert the analog signal into the digital signal at a high speed corresponding to the output. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the capability of the sensor. The entire configuration of the X-ray imaging apparatus must be changed.

The easiest way to solve this is to thin out a part of the sensor signal output in the form of an analog signal from the CCD sensor and
It is conceivable to reduce the output interval of the sensor signal output to the D converter. However, since a part of the sensor signal obtained by such a method is omitted, a coarse digital image lacking information is obtained. Would.

However, the binning process employed in the present invention solves such a problem, and does not drop important information as an image.
The charge transfer in the sensor can be accelerated in accordance with the turning speed of the turning arm, and the photographing time can be shortened.

The X-ray transmission image shows the luminous body 1aa (see FIG. 4).
, X-rays are converted into visible light there, and the visible light forms a charge image on the sensor matrix Ca of the image sensor 1ac via the optical fiber 1ab. Thus, when the image pickup device 1ac receives the TDI clock signal, the charge image generated in the sensor matrix Ca is kept in a potential well, and is in a state of one line up and down from the first column to the last column (hereinafter, column signal). (Referred to as electric charge) and are simultaneously transferred (that is, TDI delay time integration control).

When the signal charges in such a column are transferred to the coupling shift register Cc, the signal charges in a plurality of columns are accumulated and combined here in accordance with preset binning information. For example, if the binning information is 3 × 3 pixels, 4 × 4
When the pixel is set to be binned, here, the signal charges of three or four columns, which means the coupling in the column direction, are accumulated and coupled.
The data is transferred to the next output well Cd.

Output well C from coupling shift register Cc
The charge image (hereinafter, referred to as a signal charge in a row) transferred to d is, for example, binning information of 3 × 3 pixels, 4 ×
In the case where binning is set for four pixels, signal charges in three or four rows, which means row-wise coupling, are stored and coupled here.

Output well C from coupling shift register Cc
The transfer of the coupling charge to the coupling shift register d is sequentially performed until the transfer of one column charge accumulated and coupled in the coupling shift register is completed, and the output well Cd outputs the charge transferred from the coupling shift register Cc. By repeating the operation of accumulating the number of binnings in the row direction and discharging and clearing the charge remaining in the output well Cd each time the output is performed, the remaining unnecessary charge is sequentially transferred from the coupling shift register Cc. It does not add to the incoming binding charge.

In this way, the charges transferred from the sensor matrix Ca to the coupling shift register Cc and stored therein for the number of bins in the column direction specified by the binning information are sent to the output well Cd. , The coupling shift register Cc accumulates the charge signals of the column specified by the binning number in the column direction, and in the same manner, sequentially transmits the charges of the accumulated and coupled columns to the output well Cd. The number of charges specified by the binning number in the row direction are accumulated and coupled and output.

In such a binning process, the output well Cd is confined by the potential well of the sensor matrix Ca, and a plurality of delay-integrated pixels are added to one new pixel while keeping the charge. After the voltage conversion from the output well Cd, the time interval of the sensor signal output to the AD converter becomes long as the added portion is thinned out.

Therefore, the AD converter 1f at the subsequent stage includes:
Not so fast processing is required, and as a result of binning processing,
If the transfer rate of the data output from the CCD sensor is adapted in advance to the processing capacity of the existing AD converter 1f, the present invention can be applied only by changing the frequency included in the TDI frequency control information of the X-ray sensor cassette 1.

In this case, the most important thing is that the added charge image includes the charge image as a component thereof in an integrated form, so that the X-ray transmission image as the integration information is not included. Since there is no leakage of information and the total number of pixels as a digital image can be reduced, there is an advantage that data processing and data storage are facilitated.

Note that, as the image pickup element, in addition to the CCD illustrated here, CdTe, CdZnTe, PbI2, Td
It may be IBr, a-Se, or MOS.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a main part of the apparatus main body control unit of the X-ray imaging apparatus shown in FIG.

The control unit 11 has a control unit 11a, an input / output port 11b, and a memory 11c, which are constituted by an MPU (CPU), which is the center of operation control of the entire apparatus.
In addition, X-ray irradiation control circuit 11d, X-ray irradiation detection circuit 1
1e, X-ray generator 11f, primary slit width adjustment circuit 11
g, secondary slit width adjustment circuit 11h, turning arm rotation detection circuit 11m, imaging mode setting circuit 11r, detector type detection circuit 11q, communication control circuit 11p, power supply circuit 11s
Are connected to the control unit 11a via the input / output port 11b.

Further, in order to connect the X-ray sensor cassette 1 shown in FIG. 5, a connector 11t corresponding to the connector 15b of the connection cable 15 is provided. The connector 11t has an input / output port 11b, a communication control circuit 11p, The power supply circuit 11s is connected.

The input / output port 11b is connected to an operation panel 12 for inputting various operation data or a remote control box 13 for inputting similar input from a position away from the main body.

The control unit 11 does not have a TDI clock generator necessary for X-ray imaging in the TDI control mode. However, the above-mentioned X-ray sensor cassette 1 is detachably mounted, and the connection cable 15 electrically and
By controlling the connection, X-ray imaging in the TDI control mode can be performed.

That is, when the X-ray sensor cassette of the present invention is used, even an existing X-ray imaging apparatus without a TDI clock generator can realize X-ray imaging in the TDI control mode. .

The X-ray sensor cassette of the present invention
It is characterized in that it has its own TDI clock generator and TDI clock control means necessary for X-ray imaging in the DI control mode, and other components are almost the same as the conventional X-ray sensor cassette. Correspondingly, the X-ray imaging apparatus does not require a TDI clock generator, and other components are almost the same as the conventional one.

On the other hand, on the X-ray sensor cassette side, a TDI clock generator necessary for X-ray imaging in the TDI control mode,
If there is no DI clock control means or the like, a similar TDI clock generator,
If a TDI clock control means is provided, TDI imaging becomes possible.

FIG. 7A is a conceptual explanatory diagram of panoramic X-ray imaging using the X-ray sensor cassette of the present invention, FIG. 7B is a diagram showing an example of a panoramic X-ray image, and FIG. Conceptual illustration of cephalometric radiography using a cassette,
(D) is a figure showing an example of a cephalometric X-ray image.

When the X-ray sensor cassette of the present invention is mounted on a panoramic cassette holder, panoramic X-ray photography is performed as shown in FIG.
A line image can be obtained, and when it is mounted on a cassette holder for ceparo, cephalography can be performed as shown in (c) to obtain a cephalometric X-ray image as shown in (d).

In FIG. 7D, not only left and right but also
There are lines at the top and bottom that gradually generate images,
This indicates that in cephalometric X-ray imaging, not only the X-ray beam is moved in the horizontal direction as described above, but also the X-ray beam may be moved in the vertical direction. Is applicable to this case as well.

FIGS. 8A and 8B show an X-ray generator rotating mechanism provided in the X-ray imaging apparatus of the present invention. FIG. 8A is a top view of a main part thereof, and FIG. 8B is a longitudinal sectional view thereof.

FIG. 8 (a) shows the X-ray generator rotating mechanism 51 as viewed from above.
Is composed of a servomotor 51a that drives the entire X-ray generator 6 so as to be capable of angular positioning, a worm gear 51b that is driven to rotate by the motor 51a, a worm wheel 51c that meshes with the worm gear 51b, and a base 51d on which these are mounted. ing.

The worm wheel 51c is engaged with a support shaft 6c that supports the entire X-ray generator 6 with respect to the end 5a of the turning arm 5, and the X-ray generator rotation mechanism 5
1 is capable of rotating the X-ray generator 6 with respect to the end 5a so as to be able to be positioned at an angle.

As shown in FIG. 8B, the X-ray generator 6
Is an X-ray tube (X-ray source) 6a, and X
A shielding box 6b for shielding the line beam so as not to leak unnecessarily is provided, and an X-ray slit means 6h provided on the opening side of the shielding box 6b.

The X-ray slit means 6h has a structure for slidably supporting two types of mask portions 6e and 6f having slits of a predetermined shape formed by a support mechanism 6d. The mask portions 6e and 6f are independent of each other. In addition, a drive mechanism for applying a moving force so as to be positionable is provided, and a desired slit shape is selectively formed by a combination of the slits of the mask portions 6e and 6f.

FIG. 9 is an external perspective view of the X-ray slit means.

The support mechanism 6d includes a support plate 6da and two sets of four guide rollers 6db, 6d provided on the support plate 6da.
c. The guide roller 6db includes a mask portion 6e.
Are slidably supported, and the guide roller 6dc slidably supports the mask portion 6f.

The mask portion 6e is provided with a guide frame 6ea guided by the guide roller 6db, a mask plate 6eb having a slit 6ec of a predetermined shape which is exchangeably fitted into the guide frame 6ea, and applying a sliding force to the mask plate 6eb. A drive plate 6ed to be provided, and a servomotor 6ef to apply a rotational driving force to the drive plate 6ed via a female screw and a screw shaft so as to be positionable are provided.

A similar guide frame 6f is also provided on the mask portion 6f.
a, Mask plate 6f provided with slit 6fc of predetermined shape
b, drive plate 6ffd, screw shaft 6fe, servo motor 6ff
It has. Two types of servo motors 6ef, 6ff
Is supported by the support plate 6da, and furthermore, the support plate 6d
a is attached to the opening of the shielding box 6b, and the X-ray slit means 6 regulates the X-ray beam emitted from the X-ray tube 6a through the opening.

The mask plates 6eb and 6fb are made of an X-ray shielding metal such as lead or a lead-based alloy like the shielding box 6b. 6 g is an X-ray semi-permeable soft tissue resolving filter made of brass, tin, or the like. When a transmission image of a soft tissue having a high X-ray transmittance is particularly required, Xg is used.
It is used to lower the energy of the X-ray beam emitted from the ray generator 6. Desirably, the filter 6g is configured such that its side edge is processed into a concave curve, and the thickness gradually decreases toward the curved edge.

FIGS. 10A, 10B, and 10C show the slit selection mode of the X-ray slit means of FIG. In the figure, the hatched portions indicate the portions through which the X-ray beam passes.

In FIGS. 10A and 10B, the mask plate 6e
By changing the relative positions of b and 6fb, a desired X-ray beam can be obtained. For example, FIG. 10A shows a slit for panoramic photography, and FIG. 10B shows a slit for cephalometric photography.

The mask plates 6eb and 6fb can be exchanged. For example, the slits 6e as shown in FIG.
As the mask plates 6eb 'and 6fb' provided with c 'and 6fc', slits for panoramic photography having a smaller vertical length can be formed.

The X-ray slit means described above uses two mask plates and irradiates X-rays in a slit shape determined by the superposition of the two mask plates. Needless to say, several types of slit openings may be provided in one mask plate, and the slit shape may be determined only by moving the mask plate.

FIG. 11 is a front view showing a cephalometric X-ray imaging cassette holder moving mechanism provided in the X-ray imaging apparatus of the present invention.

The cassette holder moving mechanism 8e for cephalometric X-ray imaging is provided at the tip of the arm 8a for ceparo and slides the cassette holder 8c for ceparo in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the drawing. A screw shaft mechanism 8eb that applies a driving force in the sliding direction, a servomotor 8ec that drives the screw shaft mechanism 8eb so as to be able to rotate and position, and a slide mechanism 8e
a, a screw shaft mechanism 8eb, and a base 8ed on which a servomotor 8ec is mounted. The base 8ed is fixed to the tip of the ceparo arm 8a.

In this manner, the cassette holder 8c for cephal
Is fixed to the moving side of the screw shaft mechanism 8eb of the moving mechanism 8e, and is slidable relative to the cephalometric arm 8a in a direction perpendicular to the paper surface.

With this structure, the moving mechanism 8e
In the cephalometric imaging, the X-ray sensor cassette 1 can be moved along with the movement of the X-ray beam emitted from the X-ray generator 6.

The cefaro cassette holder 8c is provided with a limit contact 8d at the back end portion thereof. The limit 8d is applied to the sensor cassette by turning on only one of the limit switches 1r of the X-ray sensor cassette 1. On the side 1, it is detected that the cassette holder 8c for cephalo is mounted.

Instead of hitting the limit, the cassette holder 8c can be provided with a limit switch for detecting that the cassette 1 has been mounted. It is possible to detect that the cassette 1 has been mounted, that is, that cephalometric imaging should be performed.

FIG. 12A is an overall front view of an example of the X-ray imaging apparatus of the present invention, and FIG. 12B is a plan view thereof.

This X-ray imaging apparatus 50 is the one shown in FIG. 1, in which the X-ray generator 6 rotates with respect to the swing arm 5,
At the time of cephalometric imaging, the turning arm 5 is stopped at the turning position as shown in FIG. 12B, and the X-ray generator 6 is turned to irradiate the X-ray beam indicated by X in the figure while moving horizontally. Correspondingly, the X-ray sensor cassette 1 mounted on the cephalometric cassette holder 8c also moves horizontally and linearly to perform imaging.

FIG. 13A is an overall front view of another example of the X-ray imaging apparatus according to the present invention, and FIG. 13B is a plan view thereof.

The X-ray imaging apparatus 50A is different from the X-ray imaging apparatus 50 shown in FIG.
The pivot arm 5A moves horizontally with respect to the support 4A without rotating with respect to A. At the time of cephalometric imaging, the turning arm 5A stops at the position where the X-ray generator 6A faces the X-ray sensor cassette 1 as shown in the figure, and the panoramic X-ray detector 7A retreats as shown in FIG. Position.

In this state, when the revolving arm 5A moves horizontally, the X-ray generator 6A emits an X-ray beam indicated by X in the drawing while moving horizontally. The X-ray sensor cassette 1 mounted on the camera 8c also moves horizontally and linearly to perform imaging.

FIG. 14A is an overall front view of another example of the X-ray imaging apparatus according to the present invention, and FIG. 14B is a plan view thereof.

The X-ray imaging apparatus 50A is different from the X-ray imaging apparatus 50 shown in FIG.
Without rotating with respect to A, the X-ray detector 7A for panorama
At the time of cephalometric photographing, the retracted position is as shown in FIG. In this state, when the turning arm 5A turns,
The X-ray generator 6A irradiates the X-ray beam indicated by X in the figure while moving it horizontally, and in response to this, the X-ray sensor cassette 1 mounted on the cephalometric cassette holder 8c also moves horizontally and shoots. I do.

The X-ray sensor cassette 1 of the present invention can be used in common with panoramic photography in any of the above-mentioned cephalometric photography, and exhibits the same effects as in FIG.

The panorama cassette holder 7a and the cephalometric cassette holder 8c can be provided with a detecting means for detecting the mounting of the cassette 1. In this case, by detecting the mounting, the panoramic photographing or the cephalometric photographing can be performed. Can be determined, and based on this, the related device can be set to the panoramic shooting mode or the cephalometric shooting mode.

In this example, the detection means is provided in the panorama cassette holder 7a and the cephalometric cassette holder 8c. However, the detection means may be provided not in the holder itself but in a portion near the cassette holder.

On the other hand, on the X-ray sensor cassette 1 side, the panorama cassette holder 7a, the cephalometric cassette holder 8
In the case where there is provided a detecting means for detecting which of the devices c is mounted, a photographing mode signal from the sensor cassette 1 can be used to set the photographing mode on the device side,
For example, the slit of the X-ray slit means can be selected.

FIG. 15 shows an example of a signal transmission method between the X-ray sensor cassette and the X-ray imaging apparatus according to the present invention.
(A) is a diagram showing an example using infrared rays, and (b) is a diagram showing an example using radio waves.

X-ray sensor cassette 1 and X-ray imaging apparatus 50
The signal transmission / reception means between the main body control unit 11 is not limited to the wired type described above, and may use infrared rays as shown in FIG.

In this case, in order to enable infrared communication, the X-ray sensor cassette 1 and the main body control section 11 are provided with infrared control circuits 33a and 34a and infrared transmission / reception sections 33b and 3b.
4b is provided.

In this case, for example, in the case of panorama and cephalo, it is possible to detect which cassette holder 7a, 8c the X-ray sensor cassette 1 is mounted on by transmitting and receiving a specific identification code.

As shown in FIG. 15B, the radio wave control circuit 35 is provided to the X-ray sensor cassette 1 and the main body controller 11.
The X-ray sensor cassette 1 can be mounted on either of the cassette holders 7a, 8c in the same manner as described above, by providing the transmission / reception units 35b, 36b and the radio wave transmission / reception units 35b, 36b. Can be detected.

FIG. 16 illustrates a method for mounting the X-ray sensor cassette of the present invention on a conventional panoramic X-ray imaging cassette holder for a film type cassette.
(A) is an external perspective view of the main part of the cassette holder, (b)
Is a side view thereof, (c) is a plan view when a cassette is inserted,
(D) is a plan view at the time of completion of mounting the cassette.

The panoramic X-ray imaging cassette holder 7
d is such that the X-ray sensor cassette 1 of the present invention can be mounted. On the other hand, in order to mount and use a film type cassette, the cassette holder 7d is supported on the end 5b of the revolving arm 5 by slide means 7da, and is slidable with respect to this end 5b. I have.

However, when the X-ray sensor cassette 1 is mounted, at the time of photographing, the cassette 1 needs to be fixed so that the center thereof does not move exactly at the position of the secondary slit 7ba of the shielding plate 7b. Therefore, the cassette holder 7d has a cassette fixing means 10
Is provided.

The cassette fixing means 10 is fixed to the end 5b of the revolving arm 5 by a block 10c and has a male rod 10b formed at the end thereof. Mounting plate 10d, positioning plate 10e, mounting plate 10d mounted by means or the like
Fixed female screw 10f which is rotatably inserted into the female screw 10g and is internally fitted with a female screw 10g which is screw-engaged with the male screw 10b of the fixing rod 10a.
It is composed of

Thus, as shown in FIG. 16 (c), when the X-ray sensor cassette 1 is inserted into the cassette holder 7d and further pushed inward, ie, to the left in the figure,
As shown in (d), the male screw 10b of the fixing rod 10a fixed to the end 5b of the turning arm 5 comes into contact with the fixed female screw 10f attached to the cassette 1. In this state, when the fixing female screw 10f is turned clockwise, the male screw 10b of the fixing rod 10a is changed to the female screw 10f of the fixing female screw 10f.
g and screwed forward, and the positioning plate 10e is fixed to the fixed rod 10a.
And the mounting plate 10d is fastened at a position that regulates the relative position between the two.

This position is, as shown in FIG.
And the center B of the secondary slit 7ba of the shielding plate 7b coincides with each other. At this position, the cassette 1 is fixed, and panoramic X-ray photography can be suitably performed.

As shown in FIG.
At d, when the cassette 1 is in the fastening state, it is turned on,
A limit switch 7e for detecting that the X-ray sensor cassette 1 is completely mounted on the cassette holder 7d can be provided. In this case, the cassette 1 is mounted on the cassette holder 7d on the X-ray imaging apparatus side, that is, the panorama is performed. It is possible to detect what should be photographed.

FIG. 17A is a detailed view of the main part of the cassette fixing means 10 in the fastening state.

Looking at this, the male screw 10 of the fixing rod 10a
It can be clearly understood that b is screwed into the female screw 10g of the fixed female screw 10f, and the positioning plate 10e regulates the relative position between the fixing rod 10a and the mounting plate 10d.

FIG. 17B is a sectional view of a main part of another example of the cassette fixing means.

In this fixing means, a fixing hole 10j is provided on the mounting plate 10d instead of the fixing female screw 10f, and a fixing hole provided at a predetermined position of the fitting hole 10j such that the tip of the plunger 10p projects. The bush 10h is fixed.

On the other hand, the tip of the fixing rod 10a is not a male screw but a fitting end 10r corresponding to the fitting hole 10j, and a positioning groove 10q is formed on the outer periphery in accordance with the projecting position of the plunger 10p. ing.

Even with such a configuration, as can be seen from the figure, the X-ray sensor cassette 1 is fixed so that the center A of the cassette 1 and the center B of the secondary slit 7ba of the shielding plate 7b coincide. Can be.

FIG. 18 is a sectional view of a principal part of another example of the cassette fixing means.

In this case, a predetermined window 10s is formed in the cassette holder 7d so that the back side of the mounted X-ray sensor cassette 1 can be seen from the window. On the other hand, a reflection member 10t is attached to a position of the sensor cassette 1 corresponding to the window 10s. Also,
At a position corresponding to the window 10s at the end 5b of the turning arm 5, a detection sensor 10u having an effect element and a light receiving element is provided.

Thus, the reflection member 10t of the sensor cassette 1 mounted on the cassette holder 7d is detected by the detection sensor 10t.
u, the position of the sensor cassette 1 is detected, and at a predetermined position, the servomotor that slides and drives the cassette holder 7d can be stopped for positioning.

The panorama cassette holder 7d described with reference to FIGS. 16, 17 and 18 has the vertical length of the cassette mounting portion in order to mount the X-ray sensor cassette 1 which can be shared with the cephalo of the present invention. Although it has been modified so as to be longer, when a conventional cassette holder for a film type cassette is used as it is, an adapter may be appropriately used.

Now, other features of the present invention will be further described.

FIG. 19A is an overall front view of another example of the X-ray imaging apparatus of the present invention, and FIG. 19B is a plan view thereof.

The X-ray imaging apparatus 50C has almost the same configuration as the X-ray imaging apparatus 50 of FIG. 12, but when performing cephalometric imaging as shown in FIG. The X-ray tube 6d for generating the beam X is fixed at the position shown in the figure and does not rotate or move.
As described in 10, the combination of the mask plates 6eb and 6fb (FIG. 10B) and movement using the X-ray slit means 6h causes the X-ray generator 6 to move to the cephalometric X-ray imaging head fixing device 8a. The irradiation range and direction of the X-ray beam irradiated toward the head, and the moving speed of the irradiation direction can be controlled.

Further, the head fixing device 8 for cephalometric radiography
Before the X-ray beam X is irradiated on the subject fixed to the fixing device 8a, the primary slit 6
a secondary slit member 8d having a secondary slit 8e for further restricting the X-ray beam X restricted by c, and a secondary slit moving motor 8f for translating the secondary slit member 8 in a position and speed controllable manner. Have.

In this example, the secondary slit moving motor 8f is fixed to a member extending from the cephalo cassette holder 8c, and moves the secondary slit member 8 relatively to the cephalo cassette holder 8c. Like that.

However, a supporting member (not shown) is extended from the ceparo arm 8a, and is fixed to the secondary slit moving motor 8f. The secondary slit member is independent of the ceparo cassette holder 8c. 8 may be translated.

Also, the cassette holder 8c for cephal is
Although the X-ray sensor cassette 1 is translated while being held, here, a cassette movement motor 8g that translates the cephalometric cassette holder 8c so that the position and speed can be controlled is shown.

In the X-ray imaging apparatus 50C, as shown, the X-ray generator 6 and the X-ray sensor cassette 1 are provided so as to sandwich the subject fixing means 8b, and the subject fixed to the subject fixing means 8b. O is irradiated from the X-ray generator 6 by fixing the X-ray generator 6, more specifically the X-ray tube 6d, and synchronously moving the primary slit 6c, the secondary slit 8e, and the X-ray sensor cassette 1. The X-ray beam X and the X-ray sensor cassette 1 are synchronously moved in the same direction D to irradiate and scan with the X-ray beam X, so that an X-ray image of the subject O can be obtained as digital data.

Therefore, since the X-ray tube, which is the irradiation center, is fixed, it is possible to perform irradiation scanning of the X-ray beam without center fluctuation, and to perform X-ray photography more clearly.

FIG. 20 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a cephalometric X-ray imaging method in the X-ray imaging apparatus of FIG. The scanning method of the X-ray beam at the time of cephalometric X-ray imaging will be described with reference to FIG.

In the figure, the numerals “1” and “2” shown in square brackets after the respective symbols indicate the initial position and the end position of the synchronous movement, and the X-ray beam X1 is 1 Next slit 6j (refers to a cephalometric slit formed by a combination of mask plates 6eb and 6fb in FIG. 9).
The combination of these mask plates 6eb and 6fb is referred to as "primary slit member 6i". ) Indicates the slit beam formed by the secondary slit 8e.

D1 is the initial position [1] of the primary slit 6i.
Is a distance between the center lines of the secondary slit 8e and the end position [2], and the distance D2 is also the distance from the initial position [1] to the end position [2] of the secondary slit 8e. Similarly, the moving distance D3 in the moving direction D of the synchronous movement indicates the moving distance in the moving direction D of the synchronous movement from the initial position [1] to the end position [2] of the X-ray sensor cassette 1.

In this connection, L1 is a distance indicating the position of the primary slit 6j in the direction of the X-ray beam irradiation center line starting from the fixed X-ray tube 6d, and L2 is similarly the secondary slit 8e. Similarly, L3 is a distance indicating the position of the X-ray sensor cassette 1.

In this figure, the position of the X-ray tube 6d is fixed, the primary slit 6j, the secondary slit 8e, and the X-ray sensor cassette 1 are moved synchronously. In order for the sensor cassette 1 to receive light, the distances L1, L2, L3 and the moving distances D1, D
2, the following relationship must be established with D3. Distance L1: Distance L2: Distance L3 = Moving distance D1: Moving distance D2: Moving distance D3 That is, distances L1, L2, L
3 is mechanically fixed, so that the primary slit 6j,
Secondary slit 8e, moving distance D of X-ray sensor cassette 1
What is necessary is just to move synchronously so that the above relationship always holds between 1, D2 and D3.

[0168]

According to the X-ray sensor cassette according to the first aspect, the cassette holder can be mounted on any of the panorama and cephalometric cassette holders, and the length of the image sensor is such that cephalometric X-ray imaging is possible. This cassette can be mounted on a panorama cassette holder to perform panoramic X-ray imaging, and can be mounted on a cephalo cassette holder to perform cephalometric X-ray imaging. In addition, since only one sensor cassette is required, cost reduction is achieved. be able to.

According to the X-ray sensor cassette of the second aspect, similar to the first aspect, the X-ray sensor cassette can be used for panorama and cephalometer, and has its own TDI clock generator and the like necessary for TDI imaging. Since it is of a traveling type, even if the photographing apparatus does not have a TDI photographing function, panoramic X-ray photographing with an X-ray sensor cassette and cephalometric X-ray can be performed simply by mounting this cassette in each cassette holder. X-ray photography is possible.

According to the X-ray sensor cassette of the third aspect, in addition to the effect of the second aspect, the detection means is specifically detected by electrical connection or detection by mechanical connection. The means can be easily configured.

According to the X-ray imaging apparatus of the fourth aspect,
An X-ray sensor cassette which can be used for both panoramic X-ray imaging and cephalometric X-ray imaging can be used, and the effects of claim 1 can be exhibited.

According to the X-ray imaging apparatus of the fifth aspect,
In addition to the effect of claim 4, a detection means for detecting which cassette holder has the X-ray sensor cassette attached or detached is provided on the apparatus side, so that panoramic X-ray imaging or cephalometric X-ray imaging can be performed based on this detection signal. Can be determined.

According to the X-ray imaging apparatus of the sixth aspect,
In addition to the effect of claim 5, since the slit of the X-ray slit means is switched by the cassette mounting signal of the detecting means provided on the cassette holder, the X-ray sensor cassette can be simply mounted on the desired cassette holder. An X-ray beam required for panoramic X-ray imaging and cephalometric X-ray imaging is applied.

[0174] According to the X-ray imaging apparatus of the seventh aspect,
In addition to the effects of claim 4, when a self-propelled X-ray sensor cassette that can be shared is used, panoramic X-ray imaging is performed,
A detection signal indicating whether cephalometric X-ray imaging is obtained from the cassette side, and the slit of the X-ray slit means is switched. Therefore, even in the case of a self-propelled type, the X-ray sensor cassette is mounted on a desired cassette holder. Thus, an X-ray beam required for panoramic X-ray imaging and cephalometric X-ray imaging is emitted. According to the X-ray sensor cassette of the eighth aspect, in addition to the effects of any one of the first to third aspects, only the partial imaging element necessary for the imaging mode of panoramic X-ray imaging or cephalometric X-ray imaging is selected. Because it is driven,
Power consumption can be reduced, element control can be simplified, and control load can be reduced, and the size of the obtained transmission X-ray image data can be adjusted to a required size.

According to the X-ray imaging apparatus of the ninth aspect,
In addition to the effect of any of claims 4 to 6, the X-ray sensor cassette used in the device has the same imaging element as in claim 8, so that the same effect as in claim 8 is exhibited as the device.

According to the X-ray imaging apparatus of the tenth aspect, in addition to the effect of the seventh aspect, the imaging device incorporated in the X-ray sensor cassette used in the apparatus has the same configuration as the eighth aspect. Therefore, the same effect as that of the eighth aspect is exerted as a device.

According to the X-ray imaging apparatus of the eleventh aspect, in addition to the effects of any of the fourth to seventh, ninth and tenth aspects, the X-ray tube provided in the X-ray generator is moved and rotated. Instead, the slit (primary slit) for limiting the X-ray beam from the X-ray tube to a certain area at the emission portion, and the secondary slit for further limiting the X-ray beam before being irradiated on the subject And the X-ray sensor cassette that receives the X-ray beam transmitted through the subject are synchronously moved in the same direction to perform cephalometric X-ray photography. Since the X-ray tube that is the irradiation center is fixed, X-ray beam irradiation scanning can be performed, and X-ray imaging can be performed more clearly.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an X-ray sensor cassette of the present invention and X using the same.
Front view of an example of a radiographic apparatus

2A is an external perspective view of the X-ray sensor cassette shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 2B is a view taken in the direction of arrow A, and FIG. 2C is a longitudinal sectional view of an X-ray detection unit.

FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of an electric X-ray image detector built in the X-ray sensor cassette of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a main part of the X-ray sensor cassette of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of an image sensor provided in the X-ray sensor cassette of FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a block diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a main part of an apparatus main body control unit of the X-ray imaging apparatus in FIG. 1;

7A is a conceptual explanatory diagram of panoramic X-ray imaging using the X-ray sensor cassette of the present invention, FIG. 7B is a diagram showing an example of a panoramic X-ray image, and FIG. Conceptual illustration of cephalometric X-ray imaging, (d) Diagram showing an example of cephalometric X-ray image

8A and 8B show an X-ray generator rotating mechanism provided in the X-ray imaging apparatus of the present invention, wherein FIG. 8A is a top view of a main part thereof, and FIG.

FIG. 9 is an external perspective view of an X-ray slit means included in the X-ray imaging apparatus of the present invention.

10 (a), (b) and (c) are views showing a slit selection mode of the X-ray slit means in FIG.

FIG. 11 is a front view showing a cassette holder moving mechanism for cephalometric X-ray imaging provided in the X-ray imaging apparatus of the present invention.

12A is an overall front view of an example of an X-ray imaging apparatus according to the present invention, and FIG.

13A is an overall front view of another example of the X-ray imaging apparatus of the present invention, and FIG. 13B is a plan view thereof.

14A is an overall front view of another example of the X-ray imaging apparatus of the present invention, and FIG. 14B is a plan view thereof.

15A and 15B show an example of a signal transmission method between the X-ray sensor cassette and the X-ray imaging apparatus according to the present invention, wherein FIG. 15A shows an example using infrared rays, and FIG. 15B shows an example using radio waves. Figure

16 (a) and 16 (b) illustrate a method of mounting the X-ray sensor cassette of the present invention on a conventional panoramic X-ray imaging cassette holder for a film-type cassette, wherein FIG. A perspective view, (b) is a side view thereof, (c) is a plan view when a cassette is inserted, and (d) is a plan view when a cassette is completely mounted.

17A is a detailed view of a main part of the cassette fixing means shown in FIG. 16, and FIG. 17B is a sectional view of a main part of another example of the cassette fixing means.

FIG. 18 is a sectional view of a main part of another example of the cassette fixing means.

19A is an overall front view of another example of the X-ray imaging apparatus of the present invention, and FIG.

20 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a cephalometric X-ray imaging method in the X-ray imaging apparatus in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 X-ray sensor cassette 1ac imaging device 1ac-1 to 1ac-3 partial imaging device 1ba TDI clock control means 1d TDI clock generator 1n detection means 2 base 3 support 4 support 5 turning arm 6 X-ray generator 6a X-ray Tube (X-ray generation source) 6h X-ray slit means 6i Primary slit member 6j Primary slit 7 X-ray detector 7a Panorama cassette holder 8 Sepharo device 8a Cephalo arm 8b Cephalo head fixing device 8c Cephalo cassette holder 8d Two Next slit member 8e Secondary slit 8f Secondary slit moving motor 8g Cassette moving motor O Subject X X-ray beam

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Keisuke Mori 680 Higashihamanamachi, Fushimi-ku, Kyoto, Kyoto Prefecture Inside Morita Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Morita Mfg. F-term (reference) 4C093 AA12 AA18 CA16 CA32 DA04 DA05 EA14 EB12 EC02 EC15 EC28 ED13 FA34 FA43

Claims (11)

[Claims] 1. A panoramic X-ray photography method in which a swivel arm for maintaining a facing state of an X-ray generator and an X-ray sensor cassette is rotated around a subject, and a cephalometer fixed to a tip of a cephalometric arm. The X-ray generator rotatably mounted on the swivel arm and the X-ray sensor cassette movably mounted on the cephalometric head fixing device with the head fixing device interposed therebetween. Cephalo X to shoot by moving synchronously to maintain
X-ray imaging device that can perform any of radiography
An X-ray sensor cassette having a function of generating and outputting a radiographic image in the form of an electric signal, which can be attached to and detached from a cassette holder for panoramic radiography and a cassette holder for cephalometric radiography. An X-ray sensor cassette, which can be mounted, wherein the length of an imaging element for generating an X-ray transmission image is a length for cephalometric X-ray imaging. 2. A panoramic X-ray photography in which a swiveling arm for maintaining a facing state of an X-ray generator and an X-ray sensor cassette is rotated around a subject, and a cephalometer fixed to a tip of a cephalometric arm. The X-ray generator rotatably mounted on the revolving arm with the X-ray sensor cassette movably mounted on the cephalo head fixing device sandwiching the head fixing device for Cephalo X to shoot by moving synchronously to maintain
X-ray imaging device that can perform any of radiography
An X-ray sensor cassette having a function of generating and outputting a radiographic image in the form of an electric signal, which can be attached to and detached from a cassette holder for panoramic radiography and a cassette holder for cephalometric radiography. A TDI that generates an X-ray transmission image and generates a TDI clock signal and an image sensor of the length required for cephalometric X-ray imaging
A TDI clock signal is generated from the clock generator and the TDI clock generator based on TDI frequency control information for controlling the frequency of the TDI clock signal.
TDI clock control means for performing time-delay integration control of a charge image generated in the image sensor in response to the I clock signal;
Detecting means for detecting whether the X-ray sensor cassette is mounted on the cassette holder for panoramic X-ray imaging or the cassette holder for cephalometric X-ray imaging, and the TDI clock control based on a detection signal from the detecting means. Panoramic radiography mode, Cephalo X
An X-ray sensor cassette which is set to be switched to one of radiographic modes. 3. The X-ray sensor cassette according to claim 2, wherein said detecting means is configured to electrically or mechanically connect the X-ray sensor cassette to said X-ray imaging apparatus.
An X-ray sensor cassette for detecting which of a cassette holder for radiography and a cassette holder for cephalometric radiography is mounted. 4. A panoramic X-ray photography in which a rotating arm for maintaining a facing state of an X-ray generator and an X-ray sensor cassette is rotated around a subject, and a cephalometer fixed to a tip of a ceparo arm. An X-ray generator rotatably mounted on the revolving arm with an X-ray imaging head fixing device interposed therebetween; and an X-ray sensor movably mounted on the Cephalo X-ray imaging head fixing device. What is claimed is: 1. An X-ray imaging apparatus capable of performing both cephalometric X-ray imaging by synchronously moving a cassette so as to maintain a facing state, wherein a cassette holder for panoramic X-ray imaging provided on said swiveling arm An X-ray sensor cassette capable of performing both panoramic X-ray imaging and cephalometric X-ray imaging, wherein each of the cephalometric X-ray imaging cassette holders provided on the cephalometric arm is provided. An X-ray imaging apparatus, wherein the X-ray imaging apparatus can be detachably mounted. 5. An X-ray imaging apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the X-ray sensor cassette is electrically connected to or detached from the panoramic X-ray imaging cassette holder or the cephalometric X-ray imaging cassette holder. Alternatively, an X-ray imaging apparatus provided with detection means for mechanically detecting. 6. The X-ray imaging apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the X-ray generator includes a panoramic X-ray imaging device,
X-ray slit means for selectively forming a slit for transmitting an X-ray beam necessary for X-ray imaging, the X-ray slit means receiving a cassette mounting signal from the detection means and changing the slit to panorama X An X-ray imaging apparatus characterized in that it is formed for X-ray imaging and cephalometric X-ray imaging. 7. The X-ray imaging apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the X-ray sensor cassette capable of performing both panoramic X-ray imaging and cephalometric X-ray imaging generates an X-ray transmission image, An image sensor having a length necessary for X-ray imaging and T
A TDI clock generator for generating a DI clock signal; and a TDI clock generator based on TDI frequency control information for controlling the frequency of the TDI clock signal.
A TDI clock control means for generating a DI clock signal and performing time-delay integration control of a charge image generated in the image sensor in response to the TDI clock signal; Detecting means for detecting which of the cassette holders for X-ray imaging is mounted, and based on a detection signal from the detecting means, the control mode of the TDI clock control means is changed to a panoramic X-ray imaging mode, a cephalometric X-ray imaging mode. Mode, and the X-ray generator includes panoramic X-ray imaging,
X-ray slit means for selectively forming a slit for transmitting an X-ray beam required for radiography, the X-ray slit means receiving a determination signal from the detection means of the X-ray sensor cassette in response to a signal. An X-ray imaging apparatus, wherein the slit is formed for panoramic X-ray imaging and cephalometric X-ray imaging. 8. The X-ray sensor cassette according to claim 1, wherein the image pickup device is configured by connecting a plurality of partial image pickup devices, and performs panoramic X-ray photography or cephalometric X-ray photography. An X-ray sensor cassette wherein only necessary partial imaging elements are selectively driven in accordance with the imaging mode. 9. The X-ray apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the X-ray sensor cassette generates an X-ray transmission image and includes an image sensor having a length necessary for cephalometric X-ray imaging. The image pickup device is configured by connecting a plurality of partial image pickup devices, and only a necessary partial image pickup device is selectively driven in accordance with an imaging mode of panoramic X-ray imaging or cephalometric X-ray imaging. An X-ray imaging apparatus, comprising: 10. The X-ray apparatus according to claim 7, wherein said imaging device is configured by connecting a plurality of partial imaging devices, and corresponds to an imaging mode of panoramic X-ray imaging or cephalometric X-ray imaging. An X-ray imaging apparatus characterized in that only necessary partial imaging elements are selectively driven. 11. The X-ray imaging apparatus according to claim 4, wherein an X-ray tube that is built in said X-ray generator and generates said X-ray beam is fixed. A slit formed for cephalometric X-ray imaging by a X-ray slit, a secondary slit provided on the X-ray generator side of the cephalometric X-ray imaging head fixing device, and the X-ray sensor cassette in the same direction. While moving to
An X-ray imaging apparatus, wherein the X-ray beam scans a subject fixed to the cephalometric X-ray head fixing device to perform Cephalometric X-ray imaging.