JP2002012960A - Sliding member - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a sliding member having a bronze metallized film for sliding, which can be used in a severe sliding environment, since the wear resistance and the seizure resistance and improved. SOLUTION: This sliding member consisting of a base material layered with a metallized sliding film having a metal matrix of a base metal, is characterized in that the metal matrix of the metallized sliding film contains steel-based metallizing particles consisting of a carbon steel or an alloy steel as a base metal with Vickers hardness of 400 or higher, and contains bronze-based metallizing particles consisting of a bronze as a base metal including Sn of 15% or less by weight ratio, and that the ratio of the area occupied with the steel based meallizing particles to the total area of the metal matrix is fixed to be 30-70% and the remainder is the area substantially occupied with bronze- based metallizing particles.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a sliding member having a sprayed sliding film formed by spraying a sprayed material such as powder. INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention is applicable to sliding members used for engines, transmissions, and the like mounted on automobiles, industrial machines, ships, and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Copper alloys such as bronze having excellent seizure resistance and abrasion resistance are often used for sliding members used in engines and transmissions mounted on automobiles, industrial machines, and the like. However, although copper alloys such as bronze are excellent in wear resistance, since the material unit price is high, conventionally, it has been often practiced to form a thermal spray coating of a copper alloy only on necessary portions to reduce the cost. . Further, a method of causing particles having a self-lubricating effect to exist in a matrix of a copper alloy, a method of increasing the strength of a metal matrix itself of a copper alloy, and the like have been developed.

For example, according to JP-A-7-224370 (publication: 1995), lead is contained in a weight ratio of 2 to 30.
% Of bronze in the thermal spray coating structure by controlling solid solution and precipitation to achieve both the strength and lubrication effect of the thermal spray coating,
It discloses a bearing material that can be used even under conditions where lubricating oil is not sufficiently supplied.

[0004] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-48665 (publication:
(1995) contains 20-45% Zn and Al, Mn, Fe, Ni, Si, Co, Cr, T
0.1 to 10% of at least one of i, Nb, V, Zr, Mo, and Pb, and a fine intermetallic compound is crystallized in a metal matrix to improve seizure resistance and wear resistance. A sliding member having a brass coating is disclosed.

[0005]

Incidentally, in recent years, with the increase in the output and miniaturization of engines, transmissions, and the like, the load on the sliding environment has been further increased. Therefore, there is a need for a bronze-based sprayed sliding film that can be used favorably even in a sliding environment in which a considerably high surface pressure acts or in a sliding environment in which lubricating oil is not sufficiently supplied.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and further improves the abrasion resistance and seizure resistance, and can be used well even in a severe sliding environment. It is an object to provide a sliding member having a sprayed sliding film.

[0007]

The present inventor has been diligently developing a sliding member having a bronze-based sprayed sliding film. The inventor of the present invention has reported that a bronze-based metal matrix constituting a thermal sprayed sliding film is liable to generate plastic flow during sliding when the sliding environment is harsh. It was noted that if the plastic flow is suppressed, the wear resistance and seizure resistance of the bronze-based sprayed sliding film can be further improved.
The present inventors disperse hard steel-based spray particles as a skeleton in bronze-based spray particles constituting a bronze-based sprayed sliding film, and assuming that the metal matrix has an area ratio of 100% in the metal matrix, Area occupied by spray particles is 3
If it is set to be 0 to 70%, and the remainder is set to be substantially the area occupied by the bronze-based sprayed particles, the continuous plastic flow of the bronze constituting the bronze-based sprayed particles is hardened to function as a skeleton. Can be effectively separated by the steel spray particles, thereby suppressing the continuous plastic flow of the bronze forming the sprayed sliding film, and thus, even in a harsh sliding environment, bronze spraying The present inventors have found that the wear resistance and the seizure resistance of the sliding film can be further improved, and confirmed by a test, thereby completing the present invention.

That is, the thermal sprayed sliding film according to the present invention is a sliding member in which a thermal sprayed sliding film having a metal matrix having a metal as a base material is laminated on a base material. Contains sprayed steel particles whose base material is carbon steel or alloy steel having a Vickers hardness of 400 or more, and sprayed bronze particles whose base material is bronze containing 15% or less by weight of Sn. And the area ratio in the metal matrix, when the metal matrix is 100%,
The area occupied by the steel spray particles is 30 to 70%, and the balance is substantially set to the area occupied by the bronze spray particles.

The base material of the sliding member according to the present invention is not limited as long as it is capable of laminating a sprayed sliding film, and it does not matter whether it is a cast product, a forged product, or a machined product irrespective of iron or copper. .

[0010] According to the thermal spray sliding film of the present invention, the thermal sprayed steel particles whose base material is carbon steel or alloy steel having a high Vickers hardness of 400 or more generate frictional heat during sliding. However, high-temperature strength is easily maintained. Since the steel-based spray particles having such a function are arranged at a predetermined area ratio in the metal matrix and function as a skeleton, continuous excessive plastic flow of bronze can be suppressed during sliding. This improves the seizure resistance of the bronze-based sprayed sliding film and suppresses abnormal wear of the sprayed sliding film. Bronze spray particles, whose continuity is divided by steel spray particles, effectively exhibit a lubricating effect by microscopic plastic flow.

If the hardness of the sprayed steel particles made of carbon steel or alloy steel as a base material is less than Vickers 400, the function as a skeleton is not sufficient, and the effect of cutting and suppressing the continuous plastic flow of bronze is not sufficient. Can not be obtained. Hardness in the present specification means average hardness. The upper limit of the hardness of the steel sprayed particles can be set to Vickers 900 or less, 800 or less, or 700 or less as necessary. Alloy steel having a composition of heat-resistant steel can be adopted. Carbon steel can adopt the Fe-C system. C is advantageous mainly for increasing hardness, high-temperature strength and heat resistance. In this case, the amount of carbon can be appropriately selected depending on the application of the sprayed sliding film, the spraying conditions of the sprayed sliding film, and the like, but is, for example, 0.1 to 3.0% by weight.
It can be set to 0.2 to 2.8%. However, it is not limited to this.

[0012] As alloy steel, Fe-C-Cr, Fe
-C-Ni system, Fe-C-Cr-Ni system, Fe-CC
At least one of the r-Ni-Mo type can be adopted. The steel spray particles may or may not contain Si. C is advantageous mainly for improving high-temperature strength and heat resistance.
Cr and Ni are mainly advantageous for improving high-temperature strength, heat resistance, and corrosion resistance. Mo is advantageous mainly for increasing the hardness. In the case of alloy steel, for example, C can be 0.1 to 2.8% by weight, and Cr is 0.3 to 2.8, for example.
30% can be used, Ni can be used, for example, 0.3 to 18%, and Mo can be used, for example, 0.1 to 8%. However,
Alloying elements are not limited to these ranges.

Bronze is a Cu—Sn alloy. If the content of Sn (tin) in bronze exceeds 15% by weight, fragile intermetallic compounds are likely to appear in the bronze-based particles, resulting in reduced strength, reduced seizure resistance, and abnormal wear. Failures are likely to occur. The content of Sn (tin) in bronze can be, for example, 13% or less, 12% or less, or 8% or less by weight, but is not limited thereto. Bronze may contain at least one of Pb, Zn, and P in addition to Sn as needed.

The combination of carbon steel or alloy steel and bronze has a low solid solubility limit. For this reason, even if the temperature of the sliding surface of the sprayed sliding film rises due to frictional heat during sliding, a deteriorated phase is hardly generated, and steel-based sprayed particles that can function as a skeleton and a bronze that exhibits lubricity. This is advantageous for maintaining the respective functions of the spray particles.

According to the present invention, the metal matrix is
When 0%, the area ratio in the metal matrix is:
The area occupied by the steel spray particles is 30 to 70%, and the remainder is set substantially to the area occupied by the bronze spray particles. The area serving as a basis for calculating the area ratio means a two-dimensional area, that is, a projected area on a surface of the metal matrix of the thermal sprayed sliding film that slides with the counterpart material.

In general, the area ratio between the steel spray particles and the bronze spray particles on the surface of the metal matrix of the sprayed sliding film that slides on the mating material is determined by the deposition direction of the sprayed sliding film. And the area ratio between the steel-based spray particles and the bronze-based spray particles in the metal matrix of the cut surface cut along.

If the ratio of the steel-based spray particles whose base material is carbon steel or alloy steel in the metal matrix is too small, the continuous plastic flow of bronze is not sufficiently suppressed, and the wear resistance and Seizure resistance decreases. Further, if the ratio of the sprayed steel particles whose base material is carbon steel or alloy steel is too large, the ratio of the sprayed bronze particles is relatively reduced. And abnormal wear and seizure are likely to occur. With the above-mentioned area ratio, a sliding member having higher strength and a self-lubricating effect can be formed. Therefore, it is possible to provide a sliding member that can be favorably used even under conditions where lubricating oil is not sufficiently supplied under a higher surface pressure than before.

According to the present invention, the upper limit value and the lower limit value of the steel sprayed particles are 30 to 30 in terms of the area ratio in the metal matrix.
It can be appropriately selected within the range of 70%. The lower limit can be, for example, 33%, 35%, 37%, and the upper limit can be, for example, 65%, 60%, 55%. However, it is not limited to these. Also in this case, the remainder of the metal matrix is substantially bronze spray particles. Therefore, assuming that the metal matrix is 100%, the area occupied by the steel spray particles is, for example, 35 to 65%, 37 to 60%, or 4 in the area ratio of the metal matrix.
The area can be 0 to 60%, 45 to 60%, and the remainder can be substantially the area occupied by the bronze spray particles. However, it is not limited to these ranges.

According to the thermal spray sliding film according to the present invention, the following deposition modes (1) to (3) can be adopted. For convenience of description, the description is given with reference numerals.

(1) As schematically shown in FIG. 1, a thermal spray sliding film 1 is laminated on a base material 4. The height of the sprayed sliding film 1 in the direction of arrow B, which is the direction of deposition of the sprayed sliding film 1, of the bronze-based sprayed particles 2 (particles not hatched in FIG. 1) using bronze as a base material is defined as h1. Is the direction in which the thermal spray sliding film 1 deposits the steel spray particles 3 (particles formed by hatched particles in FIG. 1) having steel or alloy steel as a base material in the thermal spray sliding film 1. The height h2 in the direction of the arrow B can adopt a form substantially corresponding to h1. Accordingly, the sprayed steel particles 3 mainly made of carbon steel or alloy steel can easily function as a skeleton, the continuity of bronze can be effectively divided, and continuous plastic flow in the sprayed bronze particles 2 can be generated. Can be effectively suppressed. Therefore, the original lubrication effect of bronze can be enhanced. In this specification, the height means an average value of a plurality of height data.

"The height h2 substantially corresponds to h1" means that h2 is about the same as h1 in the deposited structure of the sprayed sliding film, and specifically, as an average value, h2
2 is in the range of (h1 × 0.6) to (h1 × 1.5). h2 is (h1 × 0.8) to (h1 ×
It is more preferable that the ratio is in the range of 1.2). In FIG. 1, the steel spray particles 3 and the bronze spray particles 2 are flattened so as to extend along the surface direction of the surface of the base material 4.

(2) As shown schematically in FIG. 2, a thermal spray sliding film 1 is laminated on a base material 4. The height of the bronze-based thermal spray particles 2 in the thermal spray sliding film 1 in the direction of arrow B, which is the direction in which the thermal spray sliding film 1 is deposited, is h1.
In this case, the height h2 of the thermal sprayed sliding film 1 in the direction of arrow B, which is the direction in which the thermal sprayed sliding film 1 is deposited, of the steel spray particles 3 made of steel or alloy steel as a base material is at least twice the height h1. A mode in which the thickness is equal to or less than the thickness of the sprayed sliding film 1 can be adopted. Thereby, the skeletal properties of the steel-based sprayed particles 3 made of carbon steel or alloy steel as a base material are further improved, and the generation of continuous plastic flow in the bronze-based sprayed particles 2 made of bronze as a base material is more effectively achieved. Can be suppressed. Therefore, the deposition form shown in FIG. 2 can further enhance the original lubrication effect of bronze.

If the height h2 of the steel spray particles 3 in the sprayed sliding film 1 in the direction of deposition of the sprayed sliding film 1 made of steel or alloy steel as a base material is not less than three times h1, the above-mentioned effect is obtained. Is further obtained. In this case, h2 is at least 3.5 times h1 and h1
4 times or more. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the height h2 of the steel spray particles 3 in the deposition direction of the sprayed sliding film 1 can be equal to or less than the average thickness of the sprayed sliding film 1. In FIG. 2, the steel spray particles 3 and the bronze spray particles 2 are flattened so as to extend along the surface direction of the surface of the substrate 4.

(3) As shown schematically in FIG. 3, a thermal spray sliding film 1 is laminated on a substrate 4. The height of the bronze-based thermal spray particles 2 in the thermal spray sliding film 1 in the direction of arrow B, which is the direction in which the thermal spray sliding film 1 is deposited, is h1.
When the steel spray particles 3 made of steel or alloy steel as a base material in the thermal spray sliding film 1 have a height h2a in the direction of arrow B, which is the deposition direction of the thermal spray sliding film 1, at least twice the height h1. The first steel-based sprayed particle portion 3 having a thickness equal to or less than the thickness of the sprayed sliding film 1
a, and a second steel-based sprayed particle portion 3b whose height h2b in the deposition direction of the sprayed sliding film 1 corresponds to the height h1 can be adopted.

In this case, the height h of the first steel-based sprayed particle portion 3a in the direction of arrow B, which is the deposition direction of the sprayed sliding film 1, depends on the thickness and application of the sprayed sliding film 1.
2a can be at least 3.5 times h1 and at least 4 times h1. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the height h <b> 2 a of the first steel sprayed particle portion 3 a in the direction of arrow B, which is the deposition direction of the sprayed sliding film 1, can be equal to or less than the average thickness of the sprayed sliding film 1.

If the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 is employed, the high-sprayed first steel-based sprayed particle portion 3a separates the plastic flow of bronze in a large range and the second steel-based sprayed particle portion having a low height. By 3b, the plastic flow of bronze can be further divided in the region. For this reason, in the bronze-based sprayed particles 2 in which the plastic flow easily occurs, the plastic flow of the bronze is effectively divided and miniaturized, so that the lubricating effect of the bronze is further enhanced. Also, due to the finer structure,
The strength of the metal matrix can be further improved.
In FIG. 3, the first steel-based sprayed particle portion 3a and the second
The steel spray particles 3b and the bronze spray particles 2 are
Are flattened so as to extend along the surface direction of the surface.

Incidentally, the height of the steel spray particles 3 and the bronze spray particles 2 in the thermal spray sliding film 1 can be controlled relatively easily by utilizing the characteristics of the thermal spray treatment. That is, in general, the sprayed sliding film 1 is formed by spraying the sprayed particles in a molten or semi-molten state against the surface of the base material 4 forming the sprayed sliding surface. The particles are flattened and have a sedimentary structure on which a large number of such flattened particles are deposited. Therefore, when it is desired to increase the heights of the steel spray particles 3 and the bronze spray particles 2, the particles before spraying forming the steel spray particles 3 and the spray spray particles before forming the bronze spray particles 2 are formed. The particle size itself of the particles in the state may be increased, or the degree of flattening of the sprayed particles may be reduced. Specifically, for example, it is possible by the following measures.

The particle diameter of the powder material before thermal spraying for forming the steel spray particles 3 based on carbon steel or alloy steel is larger than the particle diameter of the powder material before thermal spraying for forming the bronze-based thermal spray particles 2. Set and spray these powder materials. These powders may be sprayed together with a common spray gun,
Alternatively, thermal spraying may be performed individually with a plurality of thermal spray guns.

Using a plurality of thermal spray guns, thermal spraying is performed by adjusting the amount of heat input to each thermal spray gun. Thereby, for example, when it is desired to increase the height of the steel spray particles 3,
The amount of heat input to the spray gun for spraying carbon steel or alloy steel forming the steel spray particles 3 is reduced. As a result, the spraying temperature is lowered, and the degree of melting of the particles sprayed on the carbon steel or alloy steel forming the steel-based sprayed particles 3 is reduced. Therefore,
When the molten particles or semi-molten particles collide with the surface of the base material 4 forming the thermal spray sliding surface, the degree of flatness of the particles can be reduced, and the height of the steel-based thermal spray particles 3 in the deposition direction can be secured.

The powder material for forming the bronze-based thermal spray particles and the powder material for forming the steel-based thermal spray particles based on carbon steel or alloy steel may be pulverized powder or atomized powder.

According to the present invention, a mode in which ceramic particles are contained in the sprayed sliding film can be adopted. At least one of alumina, zirconia, and silica can be used as the ceramic particles.
The ceramic particles are hard (generally Hv 1000
Above) and is chemically stable, so that the wear resistance of the sprayed sliding film can be further enhanced. When ceramic particles are contained in the sprayed sliding film, the area of the metal matrix in which the area ratio is defined does not include the area of the ceramic particles.

If the content of the ceramic particles is excessive, the aggressiveness of the mating material increases, the abrasion amount of the mating material increases abnormally, galling occurs, and the strength of the sprayed sliding film may decrease. There is. When the area of the sprayed sliding surface is 100%, the ratio of the area of the ceramic particles is 10%.
You can set: In this case, the sprayed sliding surface is formed of a metal matrix and ceramic particles. When the area of the thermal spray sliding surface is 100%, the ratio of the area of the ceramic particles can be set to 10% or less. It may be 8% or less, 6% or less, or 4% or less. If the ceramic particles have an appropriate ratio, an effect of cleaning the counterpart material and an effect of stabilizing the friction coefficient can be expected.

[0033]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the present invention will be described based on embodiments with reference to the drawings.

In this embodiment, a plurality of types of steel-based powder and a plurality of types of bronze-based powder were used. Table 1 shows the composition (weight ratio) of each steel-based powder before thermal spraying and the composition of each bronze-based powder before thermal spraying. In Table 1 and the like, Ba
l. Is an abbreviation of Balance and means the remainder.

As shown in Table 1, as shown in FIG. The steel-based powder according to No. 1 is a Fe-C-Cr-Ni-Mo-based powder. The steel-based powder according to No. 2 is a Fe-C-Cr-based powder. The steel-based powder according to No. 3 is a Fe-C-based powder. The steel-based powder according to No. 4 is an Fe-C-Cr-Ni-Mo-based powder. The steel-based powder according to No. 5 is a Fe-C-Cr-based powder. The steel-based powder according to No. 6 is a Fe-C-Cr-based powder. 7 is a Fe—C—Cr—Ni—Mo based powder,
o. The steel-based powder according to No. 8 is an Fe-C-Cr-Ni-Mo-based powder. No. of Comparative Example. 9 is Fe-
No. C, which is a comparative example. The steel-based powder according to No. 10 is an Fe-C-based powder.

Further, as shown in Table 1, as shown in FIG. 1 to No.
7, no. The bronze-based powder according to No. 9 is a Cu-Sn-based powder.
No. 8 and No. The bronze-based powder according to No. 10 is Cu-Sn.
-Pb type.

A mixed powder was prepared by mixing the steel powder and the bronze powder at a predetermined mixing ratio, and the mixed powder was plasma sprayed. Thus, the embodiment (No. 1 to No. 8)
And the sprayed sliding film according to Comparative Examples (No. 9, No. 10) were formed.

As shown in Table 1, No. 1 according to the embodiment was used. 1
-No. In 3, the particle size of the steel powder before thermal spraying was -2.
70 to +350 (53 μm to 45 μm), and the particle size of the bronze-based powder before thermal spraying is −270 to +350 (53 μm).
μm to 45 μm). That is, No. 1 according to the embodiment. 1
-No. In No. 3, the particle size range of the steel-based powder before thermal spraying is substantially the same as the particle size range of the bronze-based powder before thermal spraying. Note that -270 to +350 means
This means that the particles passed through the mesh of 270 mesh but did not pass through the mesh of 350 mesh, thus indicating that the particle size of the particles was in the range of 53 μm to 45 μm.

Further, as shown in Table 1, N
o. 4-No. No. 6 according to Comparative Example. 9 and No. 9 1
At 0, the particle size of the steel powder before thermal spraying is -150 to +
250 (104 μm to 61 μm), and the particle size of the bronze-based powder before thermal spraying is −270 to +350 (53 μm to
45 μm). That is, No. 1 according to the embodiment. 4-N
o. No. 6 according to Comparative Example. 9 and No. 9 In No. 10, the particle size of the steel-based powder before thermal spraying is set to be larger than the particle size of the bronze-based powder before thermal spraying, specifically, about 1.2 to 2.5.
It is set to double.

Further, as shown in Table 1, N
o. 7 and No. 7 In No. 8, the steel powder before thermal spraying has a first steel powder having a particle size of −270 to +350 (53 μm to 45 μm) and a particle size of −150 to +250 (10).
4 μm to 61 μm), and the particle size of the bronze powder is −270 to +350 (53 μm).
４５45 μm). That is, No. 1 according to the embodiment. 7 and No. 7 In No. 8, the steel powder before thermal spraying is mixed with a steel powder having a particle size range substantially equal to the particle size range of the bronze powder and a steel powder having a particle size range larger than the particle size range of the bronze powder. .

No. 1 according to the embodiment. In No. 8, the alumina particles are further blended into the mixed powder. The particle size of the alumina particles before thermal spraying is from −150 to +250 (104 μm to 6 μm).
1 μm). Therefore, the No. 1 according to the embodiment is different from that of the first embodiment. The sprayed sliding film formed at 10 contains alumina particles. 100% when the area of the metal matrix is 100%
Alumina particles occupying an area ratio of 5% with respect to are added. In this case, the area of the sliding surface of the sprayed sliding film is (area of metal matrix + area of alumina particles = 100% +
5%).

The target thickness of each sprayed sliding film was 300 μm. The sliding surface of the sprayed sliding film was finished to have a surface roughness Rz of 1 to 2 μm. Table 2 shows the conditions of the plasma spraying described above.

No. 1 to No. In No. 3, as described above, the particle size range of the steel-based powder and the particle size range of the bronze-based powder correspond to each other, and are approximately the same. It is the structure shown.

No. 4-No. In No. 6, since the particle size range of the steel-based powder is larger than the particle size range of the bronze-based powder as described above, the deposited structure of the sprayed sliding film is basically the structure shown in FIG.

No. 7 and No. 7 8, the steel-based powder has a particle size range corresponding to the particle size range of the bronze-based powder and the steel-based powder has a particle size range larger than the particle size range of the bronze-based powder as described above. Therefore, the deposited structure of the sprayed sliding film is basically the structure shown in FIG. These structures are confirmed by micrographs of the cross section of the sprayed sliding film.

No. 1 according to the embodiment. 1 to No. The hardness of the sprayed steel particles constituting each sprayed sliding film according to No. 8 is Vickers hardness (micro Vickers hardness: load 0.098 N =
10gf), and all were 400 or more. In addition, No. 1 according to the comparative example. 9 and No. 9 The hardness of the sprayed steel particles constituting each sprayed sliding film according to No. 10 was 400 or more in Vickers hardness (micro Vickers hardness).
Each hardness is shown in Table 3.

Further, assuming that the metal matrix is 100%, the area ratio of the steel spray particles and the bronze spray particles constituting each sprayed sliding film in the metal matrix is as follows:
The examination was based on an image analyzer. Table 3 shows the measurement results of the area ratio. The area ratio means a ratio of a two-dimensional area.

As another comparative example, as shown in Table 4, a copper-based test piece formed of an extruded material or a cast material was used, and its sliding surface was finished to a surface roughness Rz of 1 to 2 μm. And
For each of the examples and comparative examples, a wear test and a seizure test were similarly performed under the following conditions. (1) In the wear test, a rotating body formed of a JIS-S45C tempered material is used as a mating material, and the rotating body 100 is rotated in the direction of arrow A1, that is, in the circumferential direction as shown in FIG. The sprayed sliding film of the test piece was pressed against the outer peripheral surface, and the wear width generated in the sprayed sliding film was examined. The rotation speed is 118 rpm, and the sliding speed is 216 mm / sec.
And Table 5 shows the test conditions in the wear test. (2) The seizure test uses a rotating body 300 formed of a JIS-S45C tempered material as a mating material, and rotates the rotating body 300 in the direction of arrow A2, that is, in the circumferential direction, as shown in FIG. The test was performed by pressing the sprayed sliding film of the test piece against the shaft end face of the body 300. Then, the load was increased by 245 N every 90 seconds, and a seizure test was performed until seizure occurred on the sprayed sliding film of the test piece, and the seizure load was examined. Table 6 shows the test conditions in the seizure test.

Table 7 shows the results of the abrasion test and the seizure test. As shown in Table 7, No. 1 according to the example was used.
For 1, the wear width was 3.5 mm and the seizure load was 1960 N
Met. No. 1 according to the embodiment. In 2, the wear width was 3.5
mm, and the seizure load was 1960N. No. 1 according to the embodiment. In 3, the wear width was 3.7 mm and the seizure load was 19
60N. No. 1 according to the embodiment. In No. 4, the wear width was 3.0 mm and the seizure load was 2205 N. No. 1 according to the embodiment. In No. 5, the wear width was 3.3 mm and the seizure load was 1960N. No. 1 according to the embodiment. In No. 6, the wear width was 3.2 mm and the seizure load was 2205 N.
No. 1 according to the embodiment. In No. 7, the wear width was 2.7 mm and the seizure load was 2450 N. No. 1 according to the embodiment. In No. 8, the wear width was 2.9 mm and the seizure load was 2450 N.

No. 1 according to the comparative example. In No. 9, the wear width was 3.
4 mm and the seizure load was 1470N. No. according to the comparative example. In No. 10, the wear width was 3.8 mm and the seizure load was 1715 N.

As described above, the No. 1 according to the embodiment corresponding to the present invention. 1 to No. The thermal spray sliding film No. 8 had a small wear width, good wear resistance, a large seizure load, and good seizure resistance. Since the area ratio between the bronze-based spray particles and the steel-based spray particles in the metal matrix is appropriate, the continuity of the bronze-based spray particles is effectively divided by the steel-based spray particles that function as a skeleton, and thereby, the bronze-based spray It is presumed that continuous excessive plastic flow of the particles is suppressed by the steel spray particles.

In particular, in the case of No. 4-No. 6
Had a small wear width, good wear resistance, a large seizure load, and good seizure resistance. The reason is,
As shown in FIG. 2, since the height h2 of the sprayed steel particles is larger than the height h1 of the sprayed bronze particles, it is assumed that the sprayed steel particles easily function as a skeleton.

Further, according to the embodiment No. 7 and No. 7 8
Has the smallest wear width and particularly good wear resistance.
The seizure load was the largest, and the seizure resistance was particularly good. The reason is that, as shown in FIG.
The first steel spray particle portion 3a having a height greater than the height h1 of the bronze spray particles, that is, having a height corresponding to the height h1 of the bronze spray particles, ie, the height It is presumed that this is because of having the second steel-based sprayed particle portion 3b having a low particle size. That is, the plastic flow of the large range of bronze is suppressed by the high first steel spray particles 3a, and the plastic flow of the small range of bronze is suppressed by the low second steel spray particles 3b. A composite suppression effect is expected.

On the other hand, as shown in Table 7, the comparative example Nos. 9 and No. 9 In No. 10, even if the hardness of the steel-based sprayed particles was as hard as 400 or more, the wear width was large, the wear resistance was not good, the seizure load was low, and the seizure resistance was not good. This is because the area ratio of the thermal spray sliding film in the metal matrix is not appropriate.

[0055]

[Table 1]

[0056]

[Table 2]

[0057]

[Table 3]

[0058]

[Table 4]

[0059]

[Table 5]

[0060]

[Table 6]

[0061]

[Table 7]

FIGS. 6 to 8 show application examples. FIG. 6 shows an example in which the present invention is applied to a bearing of a vehicle transmission. This bearing has a ring-shaped base material 50 (material: carbon steel) and a sprayed sliding film 52 laminated on the inner peripheral surface of the base material 50.
FIG. 7 shows an example in which the present invention is applied to a friction material used in a vehicle or the like. This friction material has a ring-shaped base material 60 (material: carbon steel) and a thermal spray sliding film 62 laminated on the ring surface of the base material 60. FIG. 8 shows an example in which the present invention is applied to a shift fork mounted on a manual transmission of a vehicle. This shift fork has a fork-shaped base material 70.
(Material: carbon steel) and a thermal spray sliding film 72 laminated on the engaging surface of the base material 70. Thermal spray sliding film 52, 62, 72
Is formed of the thermal sprayed sliding film according to the present invention, and is formed in one of the deposition mode shown in FIG. 1, the deposition mode shown in FIG. 2, and the deposition mode shown in FIG.

Claims according to the present invention can limit the numerical values shown in the tables described in this specification as upper limit values or lower limit values. In addition, the description of the members appearing in the examples is an exemplification, and the present invention is not limited to these descriptions. In addition, the present invention is not limited to only the embodiments described above and shown in the drawings. For example, the particle size before spraying, the composition of steel-based spray particles and the composition of bronze-based spray particles, The height of the thermal spray particles in the direction of deposition of the thermal spray sliding film and the height of the bronze-based thermal spray particles in the direction of deposition of the thermal spray sliding film do not depart from the gist of the present invention. It can be carried out by appropriately changing it within the range.

(Supplementary Note) The following technical idea can be understood from the above description and drawings. (Additional Item 1) A bearing, a friction material or a shift fork constituted by laminating a sprayed sliding film having a metal matrix having a metal as a base material on a substrate, wherein the metal matrix of the sprayed sliding film has hardness. Contains steel-based sprayed particles whose base material is carbon steel or alloy steel having a Vickers hardness of 400 or more, and sprayed bronze-based particles whose base material is bronze containing 15% or less by weight of Sn. 100% metal matrix
Wherein the area occupied by the steel spray particles in the area ratio of the metal matrix is 30 to 70%, and the balance is substantially set to the area occupied by the bronze spray particles. Bearing, friction material or shift fork with membrane. (Supplementary Item 2) In the supplementary item 1, the height of the bronze-based spray particles based on bronze in the deposition direction of the sprayed sliding film is h1.
Wherein the height of the steel spray particles based on steel or alloy steel in the deposition direction of the sprayed sliding film is not less than twice h1 and not more than the thickness of the sprayed sliding film. Bearing, friction material or shift fork with thermal spray sliding film. (Supplementary note 3) In Supplementary note 1, the height of the bronze-based spray particles based on bronze in the deposition direction of the sprayed sliding film is h1.
In the above, the steel-based sprayed particles whose base material is steel or alloy steel have a first steel-based sprayed particle having a height in the deposition direction of the sprayed sliding film of at least twice h1 and less than the thickness of the sprayed sliding film. A bearing, a friction material, or a shift fork having a sprayed sliding film, comprising: a particle portion; and a second steel-based sprayed particle portion having a height in a deposition direction of the sprayed sliding film corresponding to h1. (Supplementary Note 4) A sprayed sliding film having a metal matrix having a metal as a base material, wherein the metal matrix is formed by spraying steel-based particles having a Vickers hardness of 400 or more as a base material of carbon steel or alloy steel. And bronze-based thermal spray particles based on bronze containing 15% or less by weight of Sn as a base material, wherein the area occupied by the steel-based thermal spray particles in an area ratio of the metal matrix is 30 to 70%, A thermal spray sliding film characterized in that the remainder is set to substantially the area occupied by the bronze-based thermal spray particles. (Additional Item 5) In the additional items 1 to 4, the bronze-based thermal spray particles and the steel-based thermal spray particles are flattened and deposited along the surface of the base material, and a sliding member, a bearing, and a friction material are provided. ,
Shift fork or thermal spray sliding film.

[0065]

According to the present invention, the abrasion resistance and seizure resistance of the bronze-based sprayed sliding film can be further improved, and it can be used in a harsh sliding environment such as a high load or running out of lubricating oil. Even so, it is possible to provide a sliding member that can be used favorably.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram schematically showing an example of a deposited structure of a sprayed sliding film.

FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram schematically showing another example of a deposited structure of a sprayed sliding film.

FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram schematically showing another example of a deposited structure of a sprayed sliding film.

FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram schematically showing a wear test.

FIG. 5 is a conceptual diagram schematically showing a seizure test.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view schematically showing an example applied to a bearing of a transmission of a vehicle.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view schematically showing an example applied to a friction material used in a vehicle.

FIG. 8 is a side view schematically showing an example applied to a shift fork mounted on a manual transmission of a vehicle.

[Explanation of symbols]

 In the drawing, reference numerals 52, 62, and 72 indicate thermal spray sliding films.

Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Nobuaki Takei 2-1-1 Asahi-machi, Kariya-shi, Aichi F-term (reference) in Aisin Seiki Co., Ltd. 4K031 AA02 AB05 AB08 CB11 CB12 CB22 CB23 CB28 CB35 DA04

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A sliding member having a sprayed sliding film having a metal matrix containing a metal as a base material laminated on a substrate, wherein the metal matrix of the sprayed sliding film has a hardness of 400 or more in Vickers hardness. Sprayed carbon steel or alloy steel as a base material, and bronze-based sprayed particles based on bronze containing 15% or less by weight of Sn as a base material, and an area in the metal matrix. The ratio is such that, when the metal matrix is 100%, the area occupied by the steel-based spray particles is 30 to 70%, and the remainder is set to be substantially the area occupied by the bronze-based spray particles. Sliding member. 2. The height of said bronze-based thermal spray particles in the deposition direction of said thermal spray sliding film, wherein h1 is the height of said bronze-based thermal spray particles in the deposition direction of said thermal spray sliding film. Is not less than twice h1 and not more than the thickness of the sprayed sliding film. 3. The steel spray particles according to claim 1, wherein the height of the bronze spray particles in the deposition direction of the sprayed sliding film is h1, and the height of the steel spray particles in the deposition direction of the sprayed sliding film is h1. A first steel-based sprayed particle portion having a height of at least twice h1 and equal to or less than the thickness of the sprayed sliding film, and a second steel-based sprayed particle portion having a height in the deposition direction of the sprayed sliding film corresponding to h1 And a sliding member comprising: