JP2002005200A - Two-way clutch - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce the wear of a roller 30 in a two-standby type two-way clutch. SOLUTION: In this standby type two-way clutch in which a cam surface 26 and a cylindrical surface 27 are provided on one of facing surfaces of an inner member 24 and an outer member 25, and on the other facing surface, respectively, a holder 28 is accommodated between the inner member 24 and the outer member 25, pockets 29 for accommodating a roller 30 are formed at equal intervals on the circumference of the holder 28, and the holder 28 is turned in one direction by a switch spring 31, pressing springs 51 for energizing the rollers 30 in the locking direction are fitted to one side of the pockets 29 of the holder 28 to reduce any idling torque and to reduce the wear of the rollers 30.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a roller type two-way clutch, and more particularly to a standby two-way clutch capable of idling only in one direction.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A two-way clutch is a device for interrupting power on a power transmission path, for example, 4WD, for selectively switching power transmission and disconnection in various devices and vehicles.
When driving each auxiliary device such as a compressor of a car cooler by the intermittent switching device of the front and rear wheels of the car or the rotation of the belt by the output of the engine, the belt is driven by a drive motor so as not to apply an extra load to the engine. Auxiliary drive system for automobiles that disconnects the motor when there is no drive from the drive motor and transmits the drive power to the belt when there is drive from the drive motor, etc. Built in.

FIGS. 10 to 12 show a two-way clutch unit 1.
2 shows a specific structure of a conventional standby type two-way clutch in which the conventional two-way clutch is combined with the electromagnetic clutch unit 2.

The two-way clutch section 1 coaxially and rotatably fits an inner member 4 and an outer ring 5 as an outer member, which are connected to a rotating shaft 3 so as to rotate integrally therewith, via a bearing 6.
A plurality of cam surfaces 7 are provided on one of the inner member 4 and the outer ring 5, and a cylindrical surface 8 is provided on the other to form a wedge space between both surfaces, and a retainer 9 is arranged in the wedge space. By holding the roller 11 as an engaging element with the plurality of pockets 10 formed in the roller 9, the roller 11 is incorporated into the wedge space, and the roller 11 is positioned on one side of the wedge space, and on the right side in FIGS. 11 and 12. A switch spring 12 that supports and biases the retainer 9 to a position to be rotated is locked between the retainer 9 and the inner member 4 or the outer ring 5 having the cam surface 7.

The electromagnetic clutch section 2 includes a rotor 14 having a U-shaped cross section fixed through a non-magnetic member 13 in a cylindrical rotor support section 5a, and a retainer 9 at an end of the retainer 9. Amateur 1 that can be moved in the axial direction and cannot rotate
5 are overlapped by a separating spring 16 through an appropriate clearance, and an electromagnetic coil 17 for pressing the rotor 14 and the armature 15 by electromagnetic force is disposed inside the rotor 14 so as not to rotate due to attachment to a fixed portion. By turning on and off the current of the electromagnetic coil 17, the roller 11 of the two-way clutch unit 1 is engaged or disengaged.

In the case of a standby type two-way clutch, when the current is off, the switch spring 12
The cage 9 is rotated to the right in FIGS. 11 and 12, and the roller 11 is positioned in a standby state in which the roller 11 is urged to the right wedge surface. In this state, the outer ring 5 is locked rightward,
Idling is possible to the left. That is, the pocket position of the retainer 9 and the phase of the slit are offset in the circumferential direction, and the standby state is set to the neutral state.

When the inner member 4 and the outer ring 5 of the two-way clutch are to be engaged and driven, a current is supplied to the electromagnetic coil 17 so that the armature 1 connected to the holder 9 is driven.
5 is brought into suction contact with the rotor supporting portion 5a and the fixed rotor 14 by electromagnetic force.

[0008]

As described above, in the two-way clutch of the standby type, the retainer 9 is connected to the switch spring 1.
The roller 11 is rotated to one side to urge the roller 11 against one wedge surface.

Therefore, the column of the retainer 9 is
In order to rotate in the idling direction, it is necessary to release the locked state against the pressing force of the switch spring 12, and there is a problem that the idling torque is large and the roller is worn.

Conventionally, since the cam surface 7 is formed as a flat surface, the contact between the cam surface 7 and the roller 11 is a flat surface versus a curved surface, so that the surface pressure under a torque load is large. There was a problem of wear of the roller 11.

In view of the above, the present invention is intended to reduce the wear of the roller in a standby type two-way clutch.

[0012]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention has a cam surface on one opposing surface of an inner member and an outer member, and a cylindrical surface on the other opposing surface. A standby type in which a retainer is accommodated between the outer member and the outer member, and a pocket for accommodating the roller is formed at a circumferentially equal position of the retainer, and the retainer is rotated in one direction by a switch spring. In the two-way clutch, a pressing spring for urging the roller in a locking direction is mounted on one side of the retainer pocket.

As in the prior art, if the roller is to be idle in the standby state, ie, locked in one direction, at the pillar of the retainer, the roller is directly pressed by the pillar of the retainer. Although the idling torque is large and the roller wear during idling is large, as described above, when the roller is urged in the lock direction by the pressing spring, the idling torque is reduced, so the roller wear is reduced. can do.

Further, when the cam surface is an arcuate surface curved to the opposite surface side, the contact portion surface pressure of the roller at the time of torque load can be reduced, so that the abrasion of the roller can be reduced.

Further, as a roller, bearing steel (SUJ2)
By using a material whose hardness is increased by surface treatment such as carbonitriding, the wear resistance of the roller can be improved.

[0016]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.

The two-way electromagnetic clutch to which the two-way clutch according to the present invention shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 is applied is composed of a combination of a two-way clutch portion 21 and an electromagnetic clutch portion 22, and the rotating shaft 23 is connected to the power input side. It is a type that was.

The two-way clutch portion 21 includes an inner member (inner ring) 24 connected via serrations or the like so as to rotate integrally with a rotating shaft 23 at an inner diameter portion, and an outer member outside the inner member 24. Is rotatably fitted coaxially, and a plurality of cam surfaces 26 are provided on the outer diameter surface of the inner member 24 and a cylindrical surface 27 is provided on the inner diameter surface of the outer ring 25 to form a wedge space between both surfaces. , A retainer 28 is arranged in the wedge space.

The retainer 28 is provided with the same number and arrangement of pockets 29 as the cam surface 26.
By holding the roller 30 as an engagement element, the roller 30 is incorporated in the wedge space.

A pressing spring 51 for pressing the roller 30 in a wedge (lock) direction is mounted in a pocket 29 formed in the circumferential direction of the cage 28 accommodated in the wedge space. As the pressing spring 51, a leaf spring or a coil spring can be used. FIG. 5 shows an example in which the leaf spring is mounted on a column of the retainer 28, and FIG. 2 shows an example in which the device is fitted into a receiving recess formed in the portion.

As described above, the retainer 28 is rotated rightward in FIGS. 2 and 3 by the switch spring 31 to urge the roller 30 to the wedge surface via the pressing spring 51.
In this state (standby state), the outer wheel 25 can lock in the right direction and idle in the left direction. That is, as shown in FIG. 3, both the inner member 24 and the retainer 28 are provided with a notch 33 at a part in the circumferential direction, and one of the notches has an unequal phase (in the case of the retainer 28). , The pocket angle pitch, the cam surface angle pitch in the case of the inner member 24), and the switch is switched in one direction with the switch spring 31 set. The switch spring 31 rotates the retainer 28 to the right in FIG.
The wedge surface is urged via the pressing spring 51 so that the outer ring 25 can be locked in the right direction and idle in the left direction. As described above, when the roller 30 is urged in the locking direction by the pressing spring 51, the roller 30 is more pressed than when the roller 30 is directly pressed by the column of the retainer 28.
Of the roller 30 can be reduced, and the wear of the roller 30 can be reduced. Further, by adjusting the spring force of the pressing spring 51, the idling torque can be easily changed.

The outer race 25 is formed of an iron material. One end of the outer race 25 is supported by the rotating shaft 23 via a bearing 34, and the other end is set to a length for accommodating the electromagnetic clutch 22. ing.

Next, the electromagnetic clutch portion 22 includes a rotor 41 having a U-shaped cross section, an armature 42 which is disposed at an end of the retainer 28 and is axially movable with respect to the retainer 28, and which is relatively non-rotatable. 41 and an electromagnetic coil 43 for pressing the armature 42 against each other by electromagnetic force.
1 is fixed so as to rotate integrally with the inside of the cylindrical member 44, and the electromagnetic coil 43 is attached to the fixing member 45 so as to be unable to rotate, and is arranged so as to fit inside the rotor 41. By turning on and off, the roller 30 of the two-way clutch unit 21 is engaged or disengaged.

In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the armature 42 and the rotor 41 suppress the radially penetrating magnetic circuit and promote the formation of a magnetic circuit passing between the rotor 41 and the armature 42. For this purpose, one slit-shaped through hole 54 is formed in the rotor 41. This type of electromagnetic clutch is of the so-called single flux type. This through-hole 54 is closed by a non-magnetic cover member to prevent intrusion of wear powder and dust caused by slipping on a friction surface between the rotor 41 and the armature 42 without hindering formation of a magnetic circuit. The lubricating grease may be prevented from flowing out.

Also, at different radial positions of the rotor 41,
A slit-shaped through-hole 54 is provided, and a portion of the armature 42 facing an intermediate portion of a radial position of the through-hole 54 is provided.
By providing a through hole, a method called a double flux method may be used in which the magnetic flux density is increased.

The cylindrical member 44 is formed in a cylindrical shape using a non-magnetic material in order to prevent the magnetic flux of the rotor 41 from escaping to the outer ring 25 which is a magnetic material, and has one end fixed to the end of the outer ring 25. Then, by fixing the rotor 41 inside the other end side, the rotor 41 and the outer race 25
Are connected so as to rotate together.

The rotor 41 has a bearing 46 fitted on the inner diameter side of the inner cylindrical portion.
The rotor 41 is rotatably supported by the rotating shaft 23 by being inserted into an inner non-magnetic body 47 such as aluminum or a synthetic resin which is externally fitted to the rotor.

The armature 42 is formed in a disk shape using a magnetic metal plate.
It is connected via a connection fitting 49 so that it can move in the axial direction and cannot rotate relatively. This connection fitting 49
Is arranged to rotate integrally with the end of the retainer 28,
The bent protrusion 50 provided on the outer periphery thereof is engaged with a hole 50a formed in the amateur, so that the armature 42 can move in the axial direction with respect to the connection fitting 49, and the connection fitting 49 is connected to the armature 42 and the retainer 28. Are rotated together. The vertical surfaces of the amateur 42 and the rotor 41 are overlapped between the opposing surfaces via a separation spring 48 such as a disc spring so as to maintain an appropriate clearance.

In order to prevent wear of the separation spring 48 provided between the armature 42 and the rotor 41, the separation spring 48 is provided.
It is preferable to form an axial gap between the rotor 41 and the separation spring 48 in a state in which is fully extended.

Further, the separating spring 48 is provided with SK5 or S6.
It is preferably formed of a material such as 0C and subjected to a surface hardening treatment by quenching or refining to improve wear resistance. Specifically, SK5 material is 43-45H
An RC can be used.

Although the cam surface 26 is formed as a flat surface, as shown in FIG. 7, by forming this cam surface 26 into an arcuate surface curved toward the opposite surface, that is, toward the outer ring 25, the torque is reduced. The contact portion surface pressure of the roller 30 at the time of load can be reduced, and the wear of the roller 30 can be reduced.

Further, as shown in FIG.
Even when the cam surface 26 is formed on the outer ring 25 side and the cylindrical surface is formed on the inner ring 24 side, the contact portion surface pressure of the roller 30 can be reduced by forming the cam surface 26 into an arc surface curved toward the opposing surface side.

The roller 30 is made of bearing steel (SUJ
By using the material 2) whose hardness is increased by surface treatment such as carbonitriding, the wear resistance of the roller can be improved.

The two-way clutch according to the present invention, for example, as shown in FIG. 9, can be used by incorporating it into an auxiliary drive system for an automobile.

As shown in FIG. 9, the auxiliary drive system for an automobile includes a crank pulley 55 driven by an engine, a pulley 56 for a compressor of a car cooler, an idler pulley 57, a pulley 58 for a water pump, a tension pulley 59, When the accessory driving device A is linked with the endless belt 60 and each accessory is driven by the rotation of the belt 60 by the output of the engine, the auxiliary device driving device A assists the rotation of the belt. Can be reduced.

In the accessory drive system for an automobile, even if the accessory is driven by rotating the belt with the engine, the outer wheel 25 can idle and the drive motor is not driven from the belt, so that the engine has an extra drive. There is no load. That is, when there is no driving from the motor, the connection with the motor is cut off, and when there is driving from the motor, the driving force is transmitted to the belt, and the operation of the electromagnetic clutch unit 22 built in the two-way clutch unit 21 is activated. Thereby, the driving force from the belt can be transmitted to the motor.

When the power supply to the electromagnetic coil 43 of the electromagnetic clutch unit 22 is turned off, the roller 30 rotates to the right by the action of the switch spring 31, the outer ring 25 is locked to the right, and idles to the left. become.

When the power supply to the electromagnetic coil 43 is turned ON, the armature 42 is attracted by the electromagnetic coil 43 and comes into contact with the rotor 41, and the rotation of the rotor 41 is controlled by the armature 4.
2, transmitted to the retainer 28 via the connection fitting 49, thereby maintaining the position where the roller 30 is engaged with the cam surface 26 and the cylindrical surface 27, and the two-way clutch portion 21 is in the coupled state,
The rotation of the outer race 25 is transmitted to the inner race 24. Next, in a state where the output shaft is being driven, the drive motor is energized and started, and when the rotation of the inner wheel 24 exceeds the rotation of the outer wheel 25,
The rotation of the inner wheel 24 is transmitted to the outer wheel 25 via the roller 30, and drives the belt 60 in the accessory drive system of the vehicle to assist the output of the engine.

[0039]

As described above, according to the present invention, the wear of the rollers in the two-way clutch of the standby type can be reduced, so that a stable operation state can be obtained for a long period of time.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional front view showing an embodiment of a two-way clutch according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a vertical side view of an arrow aa in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional side view taken along arrow bb in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged longitudinal side view of an embodiment of a two-way clutch according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a partially enlarged longitudinal sectional side view of an embodiment of a two-way clutch according to the present invention using a leaf spring as a pressing spring.

FIG. 6 is a partially enlarged longitudinal sectional side view of an embodiment of a two-way clutch according to the present invention using a coil spring as a pressing spring.

FIG. 7 is a partially enlarged longitudinal sectional side view showing another embodiment of the two-way clutch according to the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a partially enlarged longitudinal sectional side view showing another embodiment of the two-way clutch according to the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a front view showing a state in which the accessory drive device is installed in the accessory drive system of the automobile.

FIG. 10 is a longitudinal sectional front view showing a conventional two-way clutch.

FIG. 11 is a longitudinal sectional side view taken along arrow aa in FIG. 10;

FIG. 12 is a vertical sectional side view taken along arrow bb in FIG. 10;

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 21 Two-way clutch part 22 Electromagnetic clutch part 23 Rotating shaft 24 Inner member (inner ring) 25 Outer member (outer ring) 26 Cam surface 27 Cylindrical surface 28 Cage 29 Pocket 30 Roller 31 Switch spring 31a Bending end 32 Notch 33 Notch 34 Bearing 41 Rotor 42 Amateur 43 Electromagnetic coil 44 Cylindrical member 45 Fixed member 46 Bearing 47 Inner non-magnetic material 48 Separation spring 49 Connection fitting 50 Bending projection 50a Hole 51 Press spring 54 Through hole A Auxiliary device 55 Crank Pulley 56 Pulley for compressor of car cooler 57 Idler pulley 58 Pulley for water pump 59 Tension pulley 60 Belt

Claims (5)

[Claims] An inner member and an outer member have a cam surface on one facing surface and a cylindrical surface on the other facing surface, and a retainer is accommodated between the inner member and the outer member. A pocket for accommodating a roller is formed at a circumferentially equidistant position, and the roller is urged in a locking direction in a standby type two-way clutch in which the retainer is rotated in one direction by a switch spring. A two-way clutch, wherein a pressure spring is mounted on one side of the cage pocket. 2. An outer member having a cylindrical inner peripheral surface, an inner member having a plurality of cam surfaces in an outer diameter, a retainer housed in an annular space between the outer member and the inner member, and 2. The two-way clutch according to claim 1, comprising: a roller rotatably accommodated in a pocket formed in a circumferential direction of the retainer, and a pressing spring mounted on the pocket and for urging the roller in a locking direction. . 3. The two-way clutch according to claim 1, wherein the cam surface is an arc surface curved toward the facing surface. 4. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said roller is carbonitrided.
4. The two-way clutch according to any one of items 3 to 3. 5. A drive motor is arranged in an auxiliary drive system of an automobile driven by the power of an engine, and is provided on an output shaft of the motor, and is connected to the motor when there is no drive from the motor. The driving force from the belt is transmitted when the motor is driven by the motor and the driving force is transmitted to the belt when the motor is driven, and the electromagnetic clutch incorporated in the two-way clutch according to claim 1 is actuated. Auxiliary drive for automobiles, which can transmit power to the motor.