JP2002004820A - Valve-timing regulating device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a valve-timing regulating device for improving startability of an engine, through expulsion of a remaining pressure in an oil pressure chamber. SOLUTION: The valve-timing regulating device comprises a housing 2, provided with a plurality of shoes 6 protruding to the inside; a plurality of vanes 7 constituting a spark advance oil pressure chamber 10 and a lag oil pressure chamber 11 in coordination with the shoes 6 of the housing 2; a rotor 5 fixed on a cam shaft 4 and contained in the housing 2 rotatably within a given range; a lock pin 14 to constrain relative rotation between the housing 2 and the rotor 5; a first spring 16 pressing and energizing the lock pin 14; a second oil passage 13 for feeding an oil pressure from the cam shaft 4 to the lag oil pressure chamber 11; a third oil passage 18 for releasing the lock pin 14; and a fourth oil passage 101, through which oil in the oil pressure chamber is discharged from the oil pressure chamber without going through intermediary of the cam shaft 4.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a valve timing adjusting device for changing the opening / closing timing of an intake / exhaust valve of an internal combustion engine (hereinafter referred to as an engine) according to operating conditions.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, when a rotation of a crankshaft of an engine is transmitted to a camshaft at a predetermined rotation ratio via a timing pulley or a chain sprocket, a phase difference is generated due to relative rotation between the timing pulley and the camshaft. A helical piston type or vane type valve timing adjusting device has been known as a device for obtaining the optimal opening / closing timing of the intake / exhaust valve in accordance with the operating state of the engine. An advantageous vane type valve timing adjustment device has been noted.

A vane type valve timing adjusting device is
For example, JP-A-1-93504 and JP-A-2-5504
No. 0105 and the like. Such a vane-type valve timing adjusting device is provided with a hydraulic chamber on an inner peripheral wall of a timing pulley, and a vane that rotates integrally with a camshaft is rotated by a hydraulic pressure, for example, by advancing the rotation phase of the camshaft with respect to the timing pulley in the advance direction or By rotating the valve in the retard direction, an optimal opening / closing timing of the intake / exhaust valve according to the operating conditions of the engine is to be obtained.

A valve timing adjusting device for controlling the opening / closing timing of a valve used in such an engine is connected to a camshaft, and a lock mechanism for restricting relative rotation between a housing and a rotor is released by hydraulic driving force. At the same time, the timing pulley and the camshaft are adjusted to have a predetermined phase difference.

[0005]

Since the conventional hydraulic valve timing adjusting device is configured as described above,
When the engine is started, for example, it is necessary that the rotational phase difference is fixed at the most retarded position on the intake side valve timing adjusting device and the rotational phase difference is fixed at the most advanced position on the exhaust side valve timing adjusting device.

However, for example, in the event of a sudden misfire in a high speed range, the engine stops with high pressure oil filled in the valve timing adjusting device. In some cases, hydraulic pressure remains in the adjusting device, and the adjusting device stops at an unspecified angular position in a state where the lock mechanism is released.

In such a case, when the engine is restarted, the gap between the housing and the rotor is not restricted to a predetermined angular position, so that the valve timing becomes unstable due to the fluctuation of the load on the camshaft, and the startability of the engine is remarkably deteriorated. Instead, a hitting sound is generated due to a collision between the shoe of the housing and the vane of the rotor.

Therefore, the camshaft is the only means for returning to a predetermined angular position when the engine is suddenly stopped and the engine is started at a high speed, that is, in a high oil pressure state, and restricting the relative rotation between the rotor and the housing. The reaction force at the time of getting on the cam is used.

However, when the hydraulic discharge capacity of each hydraulic chamber is low and the filled oil is not discharged smoothly, it is difficult for the valve timing adjusting device to return to a predetermined angular position, and the connection between the rotor and the housing is difficult. Since the relative rotation is allowed, there is a problem that the startability of the engine is significantly deteriorated.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and has as its object to provide a valve timing adjusting device which can improve the startability of an engine by eliminating residual pressure in a hydraulic chamber. It is.

[0011]

A valve timing adjusting apparatus according to the present invention is driven by a crankshaft of an internal combustion engine and has a housing having a plurality of radially inwardly protruding shoes; A camshaft that opens and closes the exhaust valve is integrally mounted and fixed to one end of the camshaft, and protrudes radially outward to form an advance hydraulic chamber and a retard hydraulic chamber in cooperation with the shoe of the housing. A rotor having a plurality of vanes, a rotor housed in the housing so as to be relatively rotatable within a predetermined angle range, and a housing accommodated slidably in one of the housing and the rotor, wherein the housing and the rotor A lock member that restricts or permits relative rotation and is disposed on one of the housing and the rotor, and is engaged with the lock member to be in front of the housing. An engagement hole for restraining relative rotation with respect to the rotor, first urging means for urging the lock member in a direction to engage the lock hole, and supply from an oil pump of the internal combustion engine A hydraulic control valve that can selectively switch the driving hydraulic pressure to be supplied to one of the advance hydraulic chamber and the retard hydraulic chamber and discharge the hydraulic pressure of the other hydraulic chamber, and the camshaft. A first oil path for supplying or discharging drive hydraulic pressure to the advance hydraulic chamber, and a second oil path for supplying or discharging drive hydraulic pressure to the retard hydraulic chamber via the camshaft. And a third oil passage for applying a hydraulic pressure in a direction to release the lock member from the engagement hole.
When the residual hydraulic pressure in the advance hydraulic chamber or the retard hydraulic chamber becomes equal to or less than a predetermined value immediately before the stop of the internal combustion engine, the residual hydraulic pressure in the advance hydraulic chamber or the retard hydraulic chamber is reduced to the first hydraulic passage and the second hydraulic passage. And a fourth oil passage for discharging the oil to the outside without passing through the oil passage.

In the valve timing adjusting device according to the present invention, a valve mechanism including a valve element and a second urging member for urging the valve element in the valve opening direction is disposed in the fourth oil passage. It is characterized by the following.

In the valve timing adjusting apparatus according to the present invention, the upstream side of the valve mechanism of the fourth oil passage communicates with a plurality of advance hydraulic chambers or a plurality of retard hydraulic chambers. The downstream side of the valve mechanism is communicated with the outside of the valve timing adjusting device.

In the valve timing adjusting apparatus according to the present invention, the valve mechanism is disposed slidably in the radial direction in at least one of the shoes or at the end surface of the housing, and the upstream side of the valve mechanism of the fourth oil passage is provided. The valve mechanism is caused to communicate with at least one of the advance hydraulic chamber and the retard hydraulic chamber, and the valve mechanism is operated in the valve closing direction by supplying hydraulic pressure to the other of the advance hydraulic chamber and the retard hydraulic chamber. Thus, the fourth oil passage is shut off.

In the valve timing adjusting device according to the present invention, a first pressure receiving surface and a second pressure receiving surface for urging the valve body of a valve mechanism in a valve closing direction by hydraulic pressure are provided. Applying one of the hydraulic pressure of the advance hydraulic chamber or the retard hydraulic chamber to the second pressure receiving surface, applying the other hydraulic pressure of the advance hydraulic chamber or the retard hydraulic chamber to the second pressure receiving surface Is what you do.

A valve timing adjusting apparatus according to the present invention is characterized in that a valve mechanism is accommodated in a rotor or an axial end face of the rotor, and is slidable in a direction parallel to the axis of the camshaft. It is.

The valve timing adjusting device according to the present invention is characterized in that the valve body of the valve mechanism has a cylindrical shape.

In the valve timing adjusting apparatus according to the present invention, the valve body of the valve mechanism has a single-sided closed cylindrical shape for incorporating a second biasing member for biasing the valve body in the valve opening direction. It is characterized by the following.

The valve timing adjusting device according to the present invention is characterized in that the valve body of the valve mechanism is made of a metal material.

The valve timing adjusting device according to the present invention is characterized in that the valve body of the valve mechanism is molded from a resin material.

In the valve timing adjusting apparatus according to the present invention, the second urging member for urging the valve body in the valve opening direction is opened at a pressure equal to or lower than a minimum hydraulic pressure at which the housing and the rotor can relatively rotate. The present invention is characterized in that the urging force is set so as to be valveable.

A valve timing adjusting device according to the present invention is provided in a fourth oil passage, and a valve mechanism for communicating or shutting off the advance hydraulic chamber and the retard hydraulic chamber from the outside, and the valve mechanism. And a fifth oil passage for introducing a hydraulic pressure for controlling the opening and closing of the oil supply device.

In the valve timing adjusting apparatus according to the present invention, the fifth oil passage may be provided with a first oil passage for supplying / discharging the driving hydraulic pressure to the advance hydraulic chamber or a second oil passage for supplying / discharging the driving hydraulic oil to the retard hydraulic chamber. When the pressure in the first oil passage or the second oil passage becomes equal to or less than a predetermined value, the valve mechanism disposed in the fourth oil passage opens in a direction in which the valve mechanism is opened. It is characterized by operating.

In the valve timing adjusting apparatus according to the present invention, the fifth oil passage may be provided with a first oil passage for supplying / discharging the drive hydraulic pressure to the advance hydraulic chamber or a second oil passage for supplying / discharging the drive hydraulic oil to the retard hydraulic chamber. The oil passage is not connected to the second oil passage, but is an independent oil passage for supplying hydraulic pressure directly from the oil pump of the internal combustion engine via the camshaft.

In the valve timing adjusting device according to the present invention, one end of the fifth oil passage communicates with the upstream or advance hydraulic chamber of the fourth oil passage, and the other end communicates with the retard hydraulic chamber. The fifth oil passage is provided with a hydraulic pressure introduction direction switching valve.

The valve timing adjusting apparatus according to the present invention is characterized in that the hydraulic pressure is constantly supplied to the fifth oil passage during the operation of the internal combustion engine.

A valve timing adjusting apparatus according to the present invention is driven by a crankshaft of an internal combustion engine and has a housing having a plurality of shoes protruding radially inward, and one end of a camshaft for driving an exhaust valve of the engine to open and close. A plurality of radially outwardly projecting vanes for forming an advance hydraulic chamber and a retard hydraulic chamber in cooperation with the shoe of the housing, A rotor housed in the housing so as to be relatively rotatable within a range, and a lock member housed slidably in one of the housing and the rotor to restrain or allow relative rotation between the housing and the rotor. And being disposed on the other of the housing and the rotor to restrain relative rotation between the housing and the rotor by engagement with the lock member. A first urging means for urging the lock member in a direction to engage the lock member with the engagement hole, and a driving hydraulic pressure supplied from an oil pump of the internal combustion engine to the advance hydraulic pressure. A hydraulic control valve that can be selectively switched in a direction to supply to either the hydraulic chamber or the retard hydraulic chamber and discharge the hydraulic pressure from the other hydraulic chamber, and drive hydraulic pressure to the advance hydraulic chamber via the camshaft. A first oil path for supplying or discharging oil, a second oil path for supplying or discharging drive hydraulic pressure to the retard hydraulic chamber via the camshaft, and engaging the lock member. A third oil passage for applying a hydraulic pressure in a direction of releasing from the hole, and a third urging member for applying a predetermined urging force in a direction in which the relative rotation between the housing and the rotor is advanced. And an exhaust camshaft for opening and closing an exhaust valve of the internal combustion engine. A valve timing device mounted on bets only retarding hydraulic chamber side,
When the residual oil pressure in the retard hydraulic chamber becomes equal to or less than a predetermined value immediately before the stop of the internal combustion engine, the residual oil pressure in the retard hydraulic chamber is sent to the outside without passing through the first oil passage and the second oil passage. A fourth oil passage for discharging is provided.

In the valve timing adjusting device according to the present invention, a valve mechanism including a valve element and a second urging member for urging the valve element in the valve opening direction is provided in the fourth oil passage. It is characterized by having done.

In the valve timing adjusting apparatus according to the present invention, a fifth hydraulic passage for introducing a driving hydraulic pressure for performing opening / closing control of a valve mechanism is provided with a second hydraulic passage for supplying and discharging driving hydraulic pressure to the retard hydraulic pressure chamber. The second oil passage communicates with the oil passage, and when the pressure of the second oil passage becomes equal to or less than a predetermined value, the valve mechanism disposed in the fourth oil passage is operated in a direction to open the valve. is there.

A valve timing adjusting device according to the present invention is driven by a crankshaft of an internal combustion engine, and opens and closes a housing having a plurality of radially inwardly projecting shoes and an intake valve or an exhaust valve of the internal combustion engine. A plurality of vanes projecting radially outward for integrally forming and fixing to one end of the camshaft and forming an advance hydraulic chamber and a retard hydraulic chamber in cooperation with the shoe of the housing; A rotor housed in the housing so as to be relatively rotatable within a predetermined angle range, and a rotor housed in a shoe portion of the housing so as to be slidable in a radial direction to restrict or restrain relative rotation between the housing and the rotor. An allowable locking member,
An engagement hole disposed on the outer periphery of the boss portion in the radial direction of the rotor for restraining relative rotation between the housing and the rotor by engagement with the lock member; and attaching the lock member to the engagement hole. First urging means for pressing and urging in the direction of engagement, and driving hydraulic pressure supplied from an oil pump of the internal combustion engine to one of the advance hydraulic chamber or the retard hydraulic chamber, and A hydraulic control valve capable of appropriately selecting a direction in which the hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic chamber is discharged, a first oil passage for supplying or discharging drive hydraulic pressure to the advance hydraulic chamber via the camshaft, and the cam A second oil passage for supplying or discharging drive oil pressure to the retard hydraulic chamber via a shaft, and a third oil for applying oil pressure in a direction to release the lock member from the engagement hole. Valve timing device having a path , Said locking member also serves as the valve mechanism in communication with the fourth oil passage is outside in the locked state,
In the unlocked state, the fourth oil passage is configured to be shut off from the outside.

[0031]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described below. Embodiment 1 FIG. FIG. 1A is an axial sectional view of a valve timing adjusting device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention,
FIG. 1B is an enlarged sectional view showing a main part of FIG. 1A, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line II-II of FIG.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a sprocket which is rotationally driven by a crankshaft (not shown) of an engine (not shown) through a timing chain (not shown), and which constitutes one end wall of a hydraulic chamber described later. Is sprocket 1
And a plate which is integrally connected to the housing 2 in the axial direction and constitutes the outer peripheral wall surface of the hydraulic chamber. A camshaft 5 for opening and closing the valve is rotatably accommodated in the housing 2 so as to be rotatable within a predetermined angle range, and a rotor integrally mounted on one end surface of the camshaft 4. Protruding into
Shoes 7 for forming hydraulic chambers on both sides in the circumferential direction project radially outward of the rotor 5, and cooperate with the shoes 6 of the housing 2 to form the hydraulic chamber into an advanced hydraulic chamber and a retard hydraulic chamber described later. 8 is a seal disposed at a sliding portion between the tip of the shoe 6 of the housing 2 and the tip of the vane 7 of the rotor 5, and 9 is the shoe 6 of the housing 2.
A spring for urging the seal 8 disposed on the sliding surface side of the vane 7 disposed on the rotor 5 in the radial direction to the sliding surface side is a shoe 6 of the housing 2.
And an advanced hydraulic chamber 11 which is a hydraulic chamber on one end composed of the vane 7 of the rotor 5, and a retard hydraulic chamber 11 which is a hydraulic chamber on the other end composed of the shoe 6 of the housing 2 and the vane 7 of the rotor 5. An angular hydraulic chamber, 12 is a first oil path for supplying or discharging hydraulic pressure to the advance hydraulic chamber 10, 13 is a second oil path for supplying or discharging hydraulic pressure to the retard hydraulic chamber 11, 14 is A lock pin (lock member) that is slidably disposed in at least one shoe 6 disposed in the housing 2 in a radial direction and restrains or releases the relative rotation between the housing 2 and the rotor 5 at a predetermined position. , 15 are engagement holes for receiving an engagement portion of the lock pin 14, and 16 are a first spring for applying a biasing force in a direction in which the lock pin 14 is engaged. , 17 is the lock pin 14
Is a third oil passage for releasing engagement of the lock pin 14 by hydraulic pressure, and 19 is a third oil passage 1 as a release hydraulic pressure introduction passage.
8 is connected to the advance hydraulic chamber 10 or the retard hydraulic chamber 11
Valve (hydraulic control valve) for switching communication with one of the two sides, a bolt 20 for mounting and fixing the rotor 5 to one end of the camshaft 4, and 21 an axial end face of the rotor 5 and the bolt 20. A washer 22 interposed therebetween is a hexagonal bolt with a flange for fixing the sprocket 1, the housing 2 and the plate 3 integrally.

Reference numeral 101 denotes a fourth oil passage for discharging the residual oil pressure in the advance hydraulic chamber 10 to the outside, and reference numeral 102 denotes a slide in the fourth oil passage 101 in a direction parallel to the axis of the camshaft 4. The valve body is movably disposed for communicating with the outside or blocking the outside of the advance hydraulic chamber 10. In the first embodiment, the valve body has, for example, a single-sided closed cylindrical shape. 103
Is a second spring (second urging member) for urging the valve body 102 to the valve closing side.
Numeral 03 is housed in the inner concave portion of the valve element 102. The valve body 102 and the second spring 103 constitute a valve mechanism disposed in the fourth oil passage 101. FIG. 1 (b)
Indicates a state in which the fourth oil passage 101 is closed by the valve mechanism. When abrasion resistance is required as the material of the valve body 102, a metal material is advantageous, and from the viewpoint of improving mass productivity and reducing costs, it is desirable to use a resin material.

Reference numeral 104 denotes a fifth oil passage for introducing a hydraulic pressure for urging the valve body 102 in a valve closing direction by a fluid force.

In the first embodiment, the opening and closing timing of the intake and exhaust valves of the engine is controlled to advance or retard the rotation timing of a crankshaft (not shown) within a predetermined phase angle range. An oil control valve (hereinafter, referred to as an oil control valve) for controlling supply and discharge of oil pressure to the advance hydraulic chamber 10 or the retard hydraulic chamber 11 using hydraulic pressure discharged from an oil pump of an engine (not shown) as a drive source. O
It is called CV. (Not shown).

Next, the operation will be described. First, for example, when the valve timing is advanced, drive oil supplied from an oil pump (not shown) is advanced from an OCV (not shown) via the camshaft 4 and the first oil passage 12. It is supplied to the square hydraulic chamber 10. At the same time, the oil in the retard hydraulic chamber 11 is discharged from the OCV (not shown) into the cylinder head (not shown) via the second oil passage 13 and the camshaft 4.

At this time, the rotor 5 is moved rightward (arrow A in FIG. 2) by the pressure difference between the advance hydraulic chamber 10 and the retard hydraulic chamber 11.
Direction), and advance by the optimum valve timing angle according to the operating state.

Similarly, in the case of retard control, the drive oil from the oil pump is supplied from the OCV to the retard hydraulic chamber 11 via the camshaft 4 and the second hydraulic passage 13, and at the same time, is advanced to the advance hydraulic chamber. The drive oil 10 is discharged from the OCV (not shown) into the cylinder head (not shown) via the first oil passage 12 and the camshaft 4.

At this time, the rotor 5 is moved in the left direction (arrow B in FIG. 2) by the pressure difference between the retard hydraulic chamber 11 and the advance hydraulic chamber 10.
Direction), and advance by the optimum valve timing angle according to the operating state.

As described above, the operation of the first embodiment is basically the same as that of the conventional vane type valve timing adjusting device. However, when the engine is stopped, especially when the engine is stopped unexpectedly at a high rotation speed, that is, in a state where high oil pressure is applied, the engine attempts to return to the initial position before the engine is stopped. In the adjusting device, the valve timing at the initial position cannot be returned even when the engine reaches a complete stop because the residual pressure of the hydraulic chamber due to the return line resistance is affected.
Pin 1 for restraining relative rotation between rotor and rotor 5
4 may not be engaged with the engagement hole 15.

When the engine is restarted from this state, since the housing 2 and the rotor 5 are not restrained at the initial position, the valve timing phase angle greatly fluctuates due to the torque fluctuation of the camshaft 4, and the startability of the engine is remarkably improved. May be impaired.

Therefore, in order to improve the startability of the engine, even if the engine is stopped from any state,
It is necessary to return the valve timing to the initial position just before the engine stops, and to securely engage the lock pin 14 with the engagement hole 15 to restrain the relative rotation between the housing 2 and the rotor 5. For that purpose, it is important to promptly discharge the hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic chamber to prevent the return to the initial position to the outside. However, in the valve timing adjustment device having the above-described structure, the first oil passage 12 or the Since the oil is discharged after passing through one of the two oil passages 13, its discharging ability is not sufficient.

For the above reasons, in the first embodiment, the fourth oil passage 101 dedicated to discharging the residual pressure of the hydraulic chamber is provided.
By providing the fourth oil passage 101, when the oil pressure drops below a predetermined oil pressure, that is, below a minimum pressure that allows the rotor 5 to rotate relative to the housing 2, the fourth oil passage 101 Can be quickly removed by communicating with the outside, the engine 2 is returned to the initial position before the engine stops, the lock pin 14 is engaged with the engagement hole 15, and the housing 2 and the rotor 5 can be reliably restrained, and the startability of the engine can be improved.

In the first embodiment, the fourth oil passage 101 has a valve element 102 and a second spring (second urging member) 103 for urging the valve element 102 in the valve opening direction. Is provided, and the valve element 10
Oil passage 10 for urging valve 2 in the valve closing direction with hydraulic pressure
4 are provided. Accordingly, while the normal pressure is being supplied, the fourth oil passage 101 is closed by the valve mechanism by the oil pressure from the fifth oil passage 104, thereby preventing leakage from the hydraulic chambers 10 and 11. . As a result, during normal control, a decrease in pressure due to the fourth oil passage 101 can be prevented, so that control responsiveness of the valve timing adjustment device can be prevented from deteriorating.

In the first embodiment, the valve element 102 is disposed so as to be slidable in a direction parallel to the axis of the camshaft 4 so as to be less affected by centrifugal force due to rotation of the valve timing adjusting device itself. Therefore, the operability of the valve body 102 can be stabilized.

FIG. 3A is a sectional view in the axial direction of a valve timing adjusting device according to a modification of the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view, and FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line IV-IV in FIG. In this modification as well, each fourth oil passage 101 is provided corresponding to each advance angle hydraulic chamber 10, but in this modification, all the fourth oil passages 101 are connected in the rotor 5 and There is a feature in the point. Fourth oil passage 1 having such a configuration
01, the residual pressure in all the advance hydraulic chambers 10 can be discharged under the same conditions, so that the lock pin 14 is returned to the initial position until the engine stops, and the lock pin 14 is 15, the relative rotation can be reliably restrained, and the startability of the engine can be improved.

Embodiment 2 FIG. 5 (a) is an axial sectional view of a valve timing adjusting device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention, and FIG. 5 (b) is an enlarged sectional view showing a main part of FIG. 5 (a). 6 is a sectional view taken along the line VI-VI in FIG. Components of the second embodiment that are common to those of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and descriptions of those portions are omitted.

The feature of the second embodiment is that the fourth oil passage 1
01 is disposed in the housing 2. In the first embodiment, the fourth oil passage 101 is provided in the rotor 5, whereas in the second embodiment, the fourth oil passage 101 is provided in the housing 2 so as to extend in the circumferential direction. Has been established.
The fourth oil passage 101 is branched as shown in FIG. 6, and both branch portions are provided with the valve body 102 and the second spring 1.
03 communicates with the oil passage of the valve mechanism, and one of the branch portions functions to remove the oil pressure remaining in the oil passage of the valve mechanism when the valve body 102 is opened and closed. Valve body 1
Reference numeral 02 is provided in the shoe 6 of the housing 2 so as to be slidable in the radial direction. In the figure, 105 is the valve element 10
The second stopper 106, which regulates the movement amount of the second oil passage 2 and forms a part of the fourth oil passage 101, is a discharge port of the fourth oil passage 101 and is open to the outside. FIG.
(B) shows a state where the fourth oil passage 101 is closed by a valve mechanism constituted by the valve body 102 and the second spring 103.

Next, the operation will be described. In the first embodiment described above, the operation stability of the valve body is ensured by eliminating the influence of the centrifugal force. However, in the second embodiment, the centrifugal force is used to reverse the normal rotation. The purpose is to close the fourth oil passage 101.

That is, the shoe 6 of the housing 2
Since the valve element 102 is disposed so as to be slidable in the
For example, the valve timing adjustment device rotates N times per second
And the angular velocity ω is expressed by ω = 2πN.
Is W, and the distance from the center of rotation to the valve body 102 is
Assuming that r, the centrifugal force F applied to the valve body 102 is: F = W · r · ω^Two  It is. Therefore, the mass of the valve body 102 that can slide in the radial direction
Are the same, the valve element 102 is connected to the shoe 6 of the housing 2.
Slidable in the radial direction and the crankshaft 4 is rotating
The distance r from the heart to the valve body 102 should be set larger.
Is a means for effectively utilizing the effect of the centrifugal force of the valve body 102.
One.

The valve body 102 is connected to the retard hydraulic chamber 11.
The hydraulic pressure from the advance hydraulic chamber 10 is received by the annular portion between the large-diameter portion and the small-diameter portion, so that the urging force of the second spring 103 can be released. Can be closed. Further, the valve timing adjusting device immediately after the start of the engine includes a retard hydraulic chamber 11.
Oil pressure is applied to the valve body 102 in this state.
Closes the valve. Thereafter, when the hydraulic pressure is switched to the advance hydraulic chamber 10, the fourth oil passage 101 is closed and the annular portion of the valve body 102 receives pressure, so that the valve closing state does not change. That is, the valve body 102 does not close unless the pressure in the advance hydraulic chamber or the retard hydraulic chamber becomes equal to or less than the predetermined value.
As a result, the valve body 102 is always closed when the engine is rotating normally, so that leakage from the hydraulic chamber can be further reduced, and controllability of the valve timing adjustment device can be hardly impaired.

Further, since the centrifugal force F is proportional to the square of the rotational speed N, the centrifugal force decreases with the square of the engine rotational speed immediately before the engine is stopped. The discharge performance does not deteriorate.

Embodiment 3 FIG. 7A is an axial sectional view of a valve timing adjusting apparatus according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention, and FIG. 7B is an enlarged sectional view showing a main part of FIG. 7A. And FIG. 8 shows VIII-VI of FIG.
It is II sectional drawing. Note that, of the components of the third embodiment, the same components as those of the first embodiment and the like are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description of those portions will be omitted. The basic operation of the components of the third embodiment is the same as that of the second embodiment, and a description thereof will not be repeated.

The third embodiment is different from the second embodiment in that the fifth oil passage 104 is provided with an oil passage switching mechanism. In the figure, reference numeral 107 denotes one end (first pressure receiving surface) communicating with the fourth oil passage 101 opening to the advance hydraulic chamber 10, and the other end (second pressure receiving surface) is circumferentially opposite via the shoe 6. This is a switching valve disposed in the middle of the fifth oil passage 104 communicating with the retard hydraulic chamber 11 located on the side of the valve. The switching valve 107 urges the valve body 102 of the valve mechanism in the valve closing direction. Can be switched. FIG. 7B shows the valve body 102 and the second spring 103.
4 shows a state in which the fourth oil passage 101 is closed by the valve mechanism configured as described above.

Next, the operation will be described. For example, when hydraulic pressure is supplied to the advance hydraulic chamber 10, the switching valve 107 moves to the lower left in FIG. 8 and switches the fifth oil passage 104 so as to communicate from the advance hydraulic chamber 10 to the valve body 102. . When hydraulic pressure is supplied to the retard hydraulic chamber 11, the switching valve 107 moves in the upper left direction in FIG. 8 (the state shown in FIG. 8), and the fifth oil passage 104 is moved to the retard hydraulic chamber 11.
Is switched to communicate with the valve body 102.

Therefore, in the third embodiment, the fifth oil passage 104 always communicates with either the advance hydraulic chamber 10 or the retard hydraulic chamber 11 during normal engine rotation.
Regardless of the control state of the valve timing adjusting device, the hydraulic pressure can always be applied in the direction in which the valve body 102 is closed.

Embodiment 4 FIG. FIG. 9A is an axial sectional view of a valve timing adjusting apparatus according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention, and FIG. 9B is an enlarged sectional view showing a main part of FIG. 9A. FIG. 10 is a sectional view taken along line XX of FIG. Among the components of the fourth embodiment, the same components as those of the first embodiment and the like are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description of those portions will be omitted. The basic operation of the components of the fourth embodiment is the same as that of the second embodiment, and a description thereof will not be repeated.

The fourth embodiment differs from the second embodiment in that one end of the fourth oil passage 101 is communicated with all the hydraulic chambers from which the residual pressure is to be discharged. As shown in FIG. 10, the fourth oil passage 101 includes a circumferential ring groove at one axial end surface of the housing 2, which communicates with, for example, all of the advance hydraulic chambers 10 and the valve body. It also communicates with an oil passage of a valve mechanism constituted by 102 and a second spring 103. FIG. 9B shows a state in which the fourth oil passage 101 is closed by the valve mechanism.

Next, the operation will be described. For example, when the initial position of the valve timing adjustment device is set to the most retarded position, the residual pressure in all the advanced hydraulic chambers 10 is removed by the fourth oil passage 101 immediately before the engine stops. Thus, when the oil pressure drops below a predetermined oil pressure (a predetermined value), that is, below a minimum pressure that allows the rotor 5 to rotate relative to the housing 2, the fourth oil passage 101 is communicated with the outside. The residual pressure is quickly removed, and the engine is returned to the initial position before the engine stops, so that the relative rotation can be reliably restrained.

Embodiment 5 FIG. FIG. 11 (a) is an axial sectional view of a valve timing adjusting device according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention, and FIG. 11 (b) is an enlarged sectional view showing a main part of FIG. 11 (a). FIG. 12 shows the XI of FIG.
It is an I-XII line sectional view. Components of the fifth embodiment that are common to the components of the first embodiment and the like are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted. The basic operations of the components of the fifth embodiment are the same as those of the first to fourth embodiments, and a description thereof will not be repeated.

The fifth embodiment corresponds to the first embodiment.
4 to 4 in that the lock pin 14 is also used as the valve element 102. FIG. 11B illustrates a state in which the fourth oil passage 101 is closed by a valve mechanism including the valve body 102 and the second spring 103.

Next, the operation will be described. Except for the initial position, the conventional lock pin 14 moves radially outward, is almost completely accommodated in the shoe 6 of the housing 2, and is released from the engagement hole 15 (not shown). In this state, in the fifth embodiment, one end of the fourth oil passage 101 is arranged in a positional relationship such that the fourth oil passage 101 is closed by the lock pin 14. Even if the valve timing adjusting device is in the initial position state, since the oil pressure enough to release the lock pin 14 is secured if the engine is rotating normally, the fourth pressure is always maintained during normal rotation of the engine. The state in which the oil passage 101 is closed by the lock pin 14 is maintained.

Therefore, the fifth embodiment is slightly inferior in the residual pressure elimination performance of the hydraulic chamber as compared with the first to fourth embodiments, but is advantageous from the viewpoint of reducing the number of parts.

Embodiment 6 FIG. FIG. 13 (a) is an axial sectional view of a valve timing adjusting device according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention, and FIG. 13 (b) is an enlarged sectional view showing a main part of FIG. 13 (a). FIG. 14 shows the XI of FIG.
FIG. 14 is a sectional view taken along line V-XIV. Components of the sixth embodiment that are common to those of the first embodiment and the like are denoted by the same reference numerals, and descriptions of those portions are omitted.

The sixth embodiment is the same as the first embodiment.
In the valve timing adjusting device equipped with a third spring 108 as a third urging member for urging the relative rotation between the housing 2 and the rotor 5 toward the initial position, The fourth embodiment is different from the fourth embodiment in that a fourth oil passage 101 for discharging the residual pressure in the retard hydraulic chamber 11 to the outside and a valve mechanism for controlling the communication therewith are provided. FIG. 13B shows a state in which the fourth oil passage 101 is closed by a valve mechanism constituted by the valve body 102 and the second spring 103.

Next, the operation will be described. Generally, the initial position of the valve timing adjusting device for adjusting the opening / closing timing of the exhaust valve is set to the most advanced position, and when the engine is started, the lock pin is set so that the relative position between the housing 2 and the rotor 5 does not change at this initial position. 14 engage each other. However, the camshaft 4 that opens and closes the exhaust valve causes positive and negative torque fluctuations due to the opening and closing of the valve in the same manner as the camshaft 4 that opens and closes the intake valve. Load torque increases.

Therefore, it is necessary to return to the initial position in the advance direction before the engine is stopped. However, since the oil pressure decreases as the engine speed decreases, the driving force in the advance direction due to the oil pressure is retarded by the camshaft 4. It becomes weaker than the angular load torque,
It is easy to be pushed back in the retard direction, and it is difficult to return to the initial position, which is the most advanced position. Therefore, conventionally, a third spring 108 for advancing the relative rotation between the housing 2 and the rotor 5 in the advancing direction for the purpose of mechanically assisting the initial position return is used.

However, the greater the urging force of the third spring 108, the easier it is to return to the initial position, but conversely, the moving speed in the retard direction in the valve timing control when the engine is normal is correspondingly increased. It slows down and hinders control responsiveness. Therefore, it is necessary to set the third spring 108 to a biasing force as small as possible.

When the urging force of the third spring 108 is reduced to such an extent that the responsiveness of the valve timing adjusting device is not hindered, it is natural that the hydraulic pressure becomes insufficient in the state of the decrease in the rotational speed immediately before the engine stops. It is difficult to return to the initial position on the advance side. One of the factors is that in the conventional valve timing adjusting device, the residual hydraulic pressure in the retard hydraulic chamber 11 is discharged from the second hydraulic passage 13 via the camshaft 4 and an OCV (not shown). When the residual oil pressure is discharged, the discharge speed becomes slow due to the pipe resistance of the second oil passage 13. Accordingly, if the urging force of the third spring 108 is too weak, the residual pressure in the retard hydraulic chamber 11 cannot be released until the engine completely stops, and as a result, it does not return to the initial position. The engine may be stopped without being able to fully engage with the engagement hole 15.

When the engine is restarted from this state,
In the state where the lock pin 14 is not engaged,
In some cases, the relative rotation between the motor and the rotor 5 is allowed, so that the valve timing fluctuates greatly and the engine deviates from the optimal valve timing position for starting, and the engine cannot start.

As described above, in order to minimize the urging force of the third spring 108 of the valve timing adjusting device and to prevent the control responsiveness from deteriorating, which has been a conventional problem.
It is important to immediately discharge the residual pressure in the retard hydraulic chamber 11 immediately before stopping the engine.

Therefore, in the sixth embodiment, the second oil passage 13 is used as an oil passage for discharging the hydraulic pressure of the retard hydraulic chamber 11.
Separately, a fourth oil passage 101 dedicated to residual pressure discharge is provided in the shoe 6 of the housing 2. The fourth oil passage 101 is connected to the fourth oil passage 101 in a state where normal oil pressure is applied.
And a valve mechanism that functions to connect the fourth oil passage 101 at a pressure equal to or lower than a predetermined pressure is provided, whereby the residual pressure in the retard hydraulic chamber 11 can be immediately discharged.
As a result, the return to the initial position is quickly performed just before the engine is stopped, and the lock pin 14 is easily engaged with the engagement hole 15. As a result, the housing 2 and the rotor 5 are required to restart the engine. Valve timing optimal for starting, that is, fixed at an initial position, can significantly reduce the risk of impairing startability.

Embodiment 7 FIG. 15 (a) is an axial sectional view of a valve timing adjusting apparatus according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention, and FIG. 15 (b) is an enlarged sectional view showing a main part of FIG. 15 (a). And FIG. 16 shows the XV of FIG.
It is an I-XVI line sectional view. Components of the seventh embodiment that are common to those of the first embodiment and the like are denoted by the same reference numerals, and descriptions of those portions are omitted. The basic operations of the components of the seventh embodiment are the same as those of the first and sixth embodiments, and a description thereof will not be repeated.

The seventh embodiment is different from the sixth embodiment in that a fourth oil passage 101 for discharging the residual pressure in the retard hydraulic chamber 11 to the outside and a valve mechanism for controlling the communication therewith are provided with a rotor. 5
It differs in preparing for. FIG. 15B shows the valve body 102.
4 shows a state in which the fourth oil passage 101 is closed by a valve mechanism constituted by the second spring 103 and the second oil passage 103.

[0075]

As described above, according to the present invention, by providing the fourth oil passage for discharging to the outside without passing through the first oil passage and the second oil passage, When the hydraulic pressure is within a predetermined hydraulic range, the residual hydraulic pressure in the advance hydraulic chamber or the retard hydraulic chamber is quickly discharged, and the lock mechanism for restraining the relative rotation between the housing and the rotor can be reliably operated. For example, when the engine is suddenly stopped and the engine is started at a high speed, that is, in a high oil pressure state, the rotor and the housing are securely restrained, thereby preventing the startability of the engine from deteriorating.

According to the present invention, the valve mechanism having the valve element and the second urging member for urging the valve element in the valve opening direction is provided in the fourth oil passage, and the advance hydraulic chamber or the advance hydraulic chamber during normal operation of the engine is provided. The intake and exhaust of oil in the retard hydraulic chamber is performed in the first oil passage and the second oil passage, and the responsiveness of the valve timing adjustment device during normal operation of the engine is reduced by minimizing leakage from the fourth oil passage. There is an effect that does not deteriorate.

According to the present invention, the upstream side of the valve mechanism disposed in the fourth oil passage communicates with the plurality of hydraulic chambers, and the downstream side communicates with the atmosphere, whereby the residual pressures of the plurality of hydraulic chambers can be simultaneously discharged. With such a passage configuration, the residual pressure of all the hydraulic chambers can be eliminated by one valve mechanism, and the speed of returning to the lock position can be increased.

According to the present invention, the fourth oil passage and the valve mechanism are provided in the shoe portion of the housing, and one end of the fourth oil passage is communicated with one of the advance hydraulic chamber and the retard hydraulic chamber. The hydraulic pressure for urging the radially slidable valve mechanism in the valve closing direction is guided from one of the advance hydraulic chamber and the retard hydraulic chamber to apply hydraulic pressure to the other hydraulic chamber. In this case, the valve mechanism is prevented from being opened, so that the leakage from the fourth oil passage is reduced as much as possible, so that the responsiveness of the valve timing adjustment device during normal operation of the engine is not deteriorated. In addition, by providing an open end communicating with the outside of the fourth oil passage at the radially outermost portion of the valve timing adjusting device, that is, at the outer peripheral portion of the housing, the fourth oil is used by utilizing centrifugal force due to rotation of the device. The efficiency of discharging residual pressure from the road can be improved.

According to the present invention, the first pressure receiving surface and the second pressure receiving surface are provided on the valve body of the valve mechanism provided in the fourth oil passage,
By introducing the hydraulic pressure of either the advance hydraulic chamber or the retard hydraulic chamber to the first pressure receiving surface, and introducing the other hydraulic pressure of the advance hydraulic chamber or the retard hydraulic chamber to the second pressure receiving surface As long as both or at least one of the oil pressures is present,
By preventing the valve mechanism from opening, leakage from the fourth oil passage is reduced as much as possible, and thus there is an effect that the responsiveness of the valve timing adjustment device during normal operation of the engine is not deteriorated.

According to the present invention, the fourth oil passage is provided on the rotor side, and the valve element of the valve mechanism is slidably disposed in a direction parallel to the axis of the camshaft. By eliminating the influence of the force, stable operability of the valve mechanism can be obtained.

According to the present invention, by forming the valve body of the valve mechanism into a cylindrical shape, highly accurate machining of the sliding surface can be facilitated.

According to the present invention, the valve body of the valve mechanism is formed into a single-sided closed cylindrical shape, and the second biasing member for biasing the valve body in the valve closing direction can be accommodated therein, thereby providing the valve. The mechanism can be downsized.

According to the present invention, since the valve body of the valve mechanism is made of an aluminum or iron-based metal material, it is possible to ensure the wear resistance of the sliding portion of the valve body.

According to the present invention, since the valve body of the valve mechanism is made of a resin material and is manufactured by molding, mass production of the valve mechanism is enabled, and a significant cost reduction can be achieved.

According to the present invention, the urging force of the second urging member for urging the valve element of the valve mechanism in the valve closing direction is reduced to the minimum hydraulic pressure at which the housing and the rotor can rotate relative to each other or less. By setting the valve to be openable by hydraulic pressure, leakage from the fourth oil passage is reduced as much as possible, and thus there is an effect that the responsiveness of the valve timing adjustment device during normal operation of the engine is not deteriorated.

According to the present invention, a dedicated oil path for urging the valve mechanism in the valve closing direction, that is, the fifth oil path is provided.
When the oil pressure equal to or more than the predetermined value is supplied to the fifth oil passage, the fourth oil passage is surely kept in a closed state to reduce leakage from the fourth oil passage as much as possible. There is an effect that the responsiveness of the valve timing adjustment device during operation is not deteriorated.

According to the present invention, either the first oil passage leading to the advance hydraulic chamber or the second oil passage leading to the advance hydraulic chamber is provided on the upstream side of the fifth oil passage where the valve mechanism is interposed. By opening the valve mechanism earlier by lowering the pressure, that is, lowering the original pressure due to the stoppage of the oil pump, the responsiveness of the valve timing adjustment device during normal operation of the engine is not deteriorated. is there.

According to the present invention, the fifth oil passage is provided with the first oil passage and the second oil passage for supplying or discharging the hydraulic pressure by controlling the hydraulic control valve or the advance hydraulic chamber and the retard hydraulic pressure. No communication with any of the chambers, independent as an oil path for applying oil pressure directly from the oil pump via the camshaft, and closing the valve mechanism independently of the advance or retard control of the valve timing adjustment device By applying the oil pressure in the direction in which the engine does not run, the responsiveness of the valve timing adjustment device during normal operation of the engine is not deteriorated. There is an effect that the lock mechanism for restraining the rotation is reliably operated.

According to the present invention, one end of the fifth oil passage for controlling the opening and closing of the valve mechanism is connected to the upstream side of the fourth oil passage or the advance hydraulic chamber, and the other end is connected to the retard hydraulic chamber. Along with
The fifth oil passage is provided with a hydraulic pressure introduction direction switching valve, and the applied oil pressure for urging the valve mechanism in the valve closing direction is always selectively communicated with the high pressure side, so that the leakage from the fourth oil passage is prevented. Is reduced as much as possible, which has the effect of not deteriorating the responsiveness of the valve timing adjustment device during normal engine operation.

According to the present invention, during normal operation of the engine, the hydraulic pressure is constantly supplied to the fifth oil passage via the camshaft to urge the valve mechanism provided in the fourth oil passage in the valve closing direction. ,
By minimizing the leakage from the fourth oil passage, there is an effect that the responsiveness of the valve timing adjustment device during normal operation of the engine is not deteriorated.

According to the present invention, in the valve timing adjusting device having the third urging member urged in the direction in which the rotor is advanced with respect to the housing and mounted on the exhaust camshaft, A fourth oil passage for communication between the chamber and the outside air is provided, and when the engine is stopped regardless of whether it is abnormal or abnormal, the residual pressure in the retard hydraulic chamber is quickly eliminated and the third urging member moves to the most advanced position. , The lock mechanism for restraining the relative rotation between the housing and the rotor can be reliably operated to improve the startability of the engine.

According to the present invention, in the valve timing adjusting device having the third biasing member biased in the direction in which the rotor is advanced with respect to the housing and mounted on the exhaust camshaft, the retard hydraulic pressure is provided. A valve mechanism comprising a valve element and a second urging member for urging the valve element in the valve opening direction is disposed in a fourth oil path for communicating the chamber with the outside air; There is an effect that the responsiveness of the valve timing adjustment device at the time of normal operation of the engine is not deteriorated by minimizing the leakage from the valve.

According to the present invention, in the valve timing adjusting device having the third biasing member biased in the direction in which the rotor is advanced with respect to the housing and mounted on the exhaust camshaft, the retard hydraulic pressure is provided. A valve mechanism having a fourth oil passage for communicating the chamber with the outside air and a valve body operable in a direction parallel to the camshaft axis is disposed on the rotor side, and each of the valve mechanisms on the upstream side of the valve mechanism is provided with a valve timing adjusting device. By communicating with the angular hydraulic chamber and immediately discharging the residual pressure in the retard hydraulic chamber below a predetermined hydraulic pressure immediately before the engine is stopped, the return speed at which the exhaust-side valve timing adjustment device returns to the most advanced position, which is the initial position, is reduced. The engine startability can be improved by reliably restraining the relative rotation between the housing and the rotor.

According to the present invention, in the valve timing adjusting device having the third biasing member biased in the direction in which the rotor is advanced with respect to the housing and mounted on the exhaust camshaft, the retard hydraulic pressure is provided. As a fourth oil passage opening / closing control valve mechanism for discharging the residual pressure of the chamber to the outside, a lock mechanism for restricting relative rotation between the housing and the rotor is used, and a radial direction of the lock member is used. The number of parts can be reduced by also using as a valve mechanism for communicating or shutting off the fourth oil passage by the sliding operation.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1A is an axial sectional view of a valve timing adjusting device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, and FIG. 1B is an enlarged sectional view showing a main part of FIG. 1A. .

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line II-II of FIG.

FIG. 3A is an axial sectional view of a valve timing adjusting device according to a modification of the first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3B is an enlarged cross-sectional view illustrating a main part of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line IV-IV in FIG.

5 (a) is an axial sectional view of a valve timing adjusting device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention, and FIG. 5 (b) is an enlarged sectional view showing a main part of FIG. 7 (a). .

FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line VI-VI in FIG.

FIG. 7A is an axial sectional view of a valve timing adjusting device according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention, and FIG. 7B is an enlarged sectional view of a main part of FIG. 7A. .

8 is a sectional view taken along line VIII-VIII of FIG.

9 (a) is an axial sectional view of a valve timing adjusting device according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention, and FIG. 9 (b) is an enlarged sectional view showing a main part of FIG. 9 (a). .

FIG. 10 is a sectional view taken along line XX of FIG. 9 (a).

11A is an axial sectional view of a valve timing adjusting device according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention, and FIG.
FIG. 12 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a main part of FIG.

FIG. 12 is a sectional view taken along line XII-XII of FIG.

FIG. 13A is an axial sectional view of a valve timing adjusting apparatus according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention, and FIG.
FIG. 14 is an enlarged sectional view showing a main part of FIG.

FIG. 14 is a sectional view taken along line XIV-XIV of FIG.

FIG. 15A is an axial sectional view of a valve timing adjusting apparatus according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention, and FIG.
FIG. 16 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a main part of FIG.

FIG. 16 is a sectional view taken along line XVI-XVI in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 sprocket, 2 housing, 3 plate, 4
Camshaft, 5 rotors, 6 shoes, 7 vanes,
8 seal, 9 leaf spring, 10 advance hydraulic chamber, 1
Reference Signs List 1 retard hydraulic chamber, 12 first oil passage, 13 second oil passage, 14 lock pin (lock member), 15 engagement hole,
16 first spring (first biasing means), 17 stopper, 18 third oil path, 19 switching valve (hydraulic control valve), 20, 22 volts, 21, 23 washer,
101 fourth oil passage, 102 valve body, 103 second spring (second biasing member), 104 fifth oil passage, 1
05 second stopper, 106 outlet, 107 switching valve, 108 third spring (third biasing member).

Claims (20)

[Claims] 1. A housing driven by a crankshaft of an internal combustion engine and having a plurality of shoes protruding radially inward, and integrated with one end of a camshaft for driving an intake valve or an exhaust valve of the internal combustion engine to open and close. A plurality of radially outwardly projecting vanes for forming an advance hydraulic chamber and a retard hydraulic chamber in cooperation with the shoe of the housing, and having a relative angle within a predetermined angle range. A rotor rotatably housed in the housing, a lock member slidably housed in either the housing or the rotor, and restraining or allowing relative rotation between the housing and the rotor; and the housing. An engagement hole provided on one of the rotor and the other for restraining relative rotation between the housing and the rotor by engagement with the lock member; First urging means for urging the material in the direction of engaging the engagement hole with the engagement hole, and driving oil supplied from an oil pump of the internal combustion engine to the advance hydraulic chamber or the retard hydraulic chamber. A hydraulic control valve capable of appropriately selecting in a direction of supplying hydraulic pressure to one of the hydraulic chambers and discharging hydraulic pressure of the other hydraulic chamber; and a first hydraulic control valve for supplying or discharging drive hydraulic pressure to the advance hydraulic chamber via the camshaft. And a second oil passage for supplying or discharging drive oil pressure to the retard hydraulic chamber via the camshaft, and applying a hydraulic pressure in a direction to release the lock member from the engagement hole. A valve timing device having a third oil passage for performing the operation when the residual hydraulic pressure in the advance hydraulic chamber or the retard hydraulic chamber becomes equal to or less than a predetermined value immediately before the stop of the internal combustion engine. The residual hydraulic pressure in the square hydraulic chamber is And a fourth oil passage for discharging the oil to the outside without passing through the second oil passage. 2. A valve mechanism comprising a valve element and a second urging member for urging the valve element in a valve opening direction is disposed in the fourth oil passage. A valve timing adjustment device as described in the above. 3. A valve mechanism upstream of the fourth oil passage communicates with a plurality of advance hydraulic chambers or a plurality of retard hydraulic chambers, and a valve timing downstream of the fourth oil passage is provided with a valve timing. 3. The valve timing adjusting device according to claim 2, wherein the valve timing adjusting device communicates with the outside of the adjusting device. 4. A valve mechanism is disposed slidably in a radial direction in at least one shoe or at an end face of the housing, and a fourth oil passage upstream of the valve mechanism is provided with at least one advance hydraulic chamber or The fourth oil is communicated with one of the retard hydraulic chambers, and the valve mechanism is operated in the valve closing direction by supplying hydraulic pressure to the other of the advance hydraulic chamber and the retard hydraulic chamber. The valve timing adjusting device according to claim 2, wherein the road is blocked. 5. A first pressure receiving surface and a second pressure receiving surface for urging a valve body of a valve mechanism in a valve closing direction by hydraulic pressure, and the first pressure receiving surface is provided with the advance hydraulic chamber or the retard pressure chamber. 3. The valve timing according to claim 2, wherein the hydraulic pressure of one of the angular hydraulic chambers is applied, and the hydraulic pressure of the other of the advanced hydraulic chamber and the retard hydraulic chamber is applied to the second pressure receiving surface. Adjustment device. 6. The valve timing adjusting device according to claim 2, wherein the valve mechanism is housed in the rotor or at an axial end face of the rotor and is slidable in a direction parallel to the axis of the camshaft. . 7. The valve timing adjusting device according to claim 2, wherein the valve body of the valve mechanism has a cylindrical shape. 8. The valve body of the valve mechanism has a single-sided closed cylindrical shape for incorporating a second biasing member for biasing the valve body in a valve opening direction. A valve timing adjustment device as described in the above. 9. The valve timing adjusting device according to claim 2, wherein the valve body of the valve mechanism is made of a metal material. 10. The valve timing adjusting device according to claim 2, wherein the valve body of the valve mechanism is formed of a resin material. 11. A second urging member for urging the valve body in the valve opening direction is set to an urging force that allows the valve body to be opened at a pressure lower than a minimum hydraulic pressure at which the housing and the rotor can relatively rotate. 3. The valve timing adjusting device according to claim 1, wherein the valve timing is adjusted. 12. A valve mechanism disposed in the fourth oil passage for communicating or shutting off the advance hydraulic chamber and the retard hydraulic chamber from the outside, and a hydraulic pressure for controlling opening and closing of the valve mechanism. The valve timing adjusting device according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a fifth oil passage for introducing the valve timing. 13. The fifth oil passage communicates with a first oil passage for supplying and discharging drive hydraulic pressure to the advance hydraulic chamber or a second oil passage for supplying and discharging drive hydraulic pressure to the retard hydraulic chamber, When the pressure in the first oil passage or the second oil passage becomes equal to or less than a predetermined value, a valve mechanism disposed in the fourth oil passage operates in a direction to open the valve. Item 13. The valve timing adjusting device according to Item 12. 14. The fifth oil passage communicates with a first oil passage for supplying and discharging drive hydraulic pressure to the advance hydraulic chamber or a second oil passage for supplying and discharging drive hydraulic pressure to the retard hydraulic chamber. 13. The valve timing adjusting device according to claim 12, wherein the valve timing adjusting device is an independent oil passage for directly supplying hydraulic pressure from an oil pump of an internal combustion engine via a camshaft. 15. One end of a fifth oil passage is communicated with an upstream or advance hydraulic chamber of the fourth oil passage, the other end is communicated with a retard hydraulic chamber, and hydraulic pressure is applied to the fifth oil passage. 13. The valve timing adjusting device according to claim 12, further comprising an introduction direction switching valve. 16. The valve timing adjusting device according to claim 12, wherein a hydraulic pressure is constantly supplied to the fifth oil passage during operation of the internal combustion engine. 17. A housing driven by a crankshaft of an internal combustion engine and having a plurality of shoes protruding radially inward, and integrally mounted and fixed to one end of a camshaft for driving an exhaust valve of the engine to open and close. A plurality of radially outwardly protruding vanes for forming an advance hydraulic chamber and a retard hydraulic chamber in cooperation with the shoe of the housing, and relatively rotatable within a predetermined angle range. A rotor housed in the housing, a lock member slidably housed in either the housing or the rotor, and restraining or allowing relative rotation between the housing and the rotor; And an engagement hole provided on the other side for restraining relative rotation between the housing and the rotor by engagement with the lock member. First urging means for pressing and urging in a direction to be engaged with the mating hole, and a driving oil pressure supplied from an oil pump of the internal combustion engine to one of the advanced hydraulic chamber and the retard hydraulic chamber And a hydraulic control valve capable of appropriately selecting and switching the direction of discharging the hydraulic pressure of the other hydraulic chamber, and a first hydraulic path for supplying or discharging driving hydraulic pressure to the advance hydraulic chamber via the camshaft. A second oil passage for supplying or discharging drive oil pressure to the retard hydraulic chamber via the camshaft, and a second oil passage for applying oil pressure in a direction to release the lock member from the engagement hole. An exhaust that has a third oil passage, and a third urging member for applying a predetermined urging force in a direction in which the relative rotation between the housing and the rotor is advanced, and that opens and closes an exhaust valve of the internal combustion engine. Valve timing device attached to the side camshaft. Only when the residual hydraulic pressure in the retard hydraulic chamber becomes equal to or less than a predetermined value immediately before the stop of the internal combustion engine, the residual hydraulic pressure in the retard hydraulic chamber is reduced to the first hydraulic passage and the second hydraulic pressure only on the retard hydraulic chamber side. A fourth oil passage for discharging the oil to the outside without passing through the oil passage. 18. A valve mechanism comprising a valve element and a second urging member for urging the valve element in a valve opening direction is provided in the fourth oil passage. 18. The valve timing adjusting device according to claim 17. 19. A fifth hydraulic passage for introducing drive hydraulic pressure for performing opening / closing control of a valve mechanism communicates with a second hydraulic passage for supplying and discharging drive hydraulic pressure to the retard hydraulic chamber. 19. The valve timing adjusting device according to claim 18, wherein when the pressure of the second oil passage becomes equal to or less than a predetermined value, the valve mechanism disposed in the fourth oil passage operates in a direction to open the valve. 20. A housing driven by a crankshaft of the internal combustion engine and having a plurality of shoes protruding radially inward, and integrated with one end of a camshaft for driving an intake valve or an exhaust valve of the internal combustion engine to open and close. A plurality of radially outwardly projecting vanes for forming an advance hydraulic chamber and a retard hydraulic chamber in cooperation with the shoe of the housing, and having a relative angle within a predetermined angle range. A rotor rotatably housed in the housing, a lock member housed in a shoe portion of the housing so as to be slidable in a radial direction, and restricting or allowing relative rotation between the housing and the rotor; Is arranged on the outer periphery in the radial direction of the boss,
An engagement hole for restraining relative rotation between the housing and the rotor by engagement with the lock member, and a first attachment for urging the lock member in a direction for engaging the engagement hole with the engagement hole. And a drive unit for selectively supplying a drive hydraulic pressure supplied from an oil pump of the internal combustion engine to one of the advance hydraulic chamber and the retard hydraulic chamber and discharging the hydraulic pressure of the other hydraulic chamber. A hydraulic pressure control valve, a first oil passage for supplying or discharging drive hydraulic pressure to the advance hydraulic chamber via the camshaft, and a drive hydraulic pressure to the retard hydraulic chamber via the camshaft. A second oil passage for supplying or discharging oil, and a third oil passage for applying a hydraulic pressure in a direction to release the lock member from the engagement hole. Also serves as the valve mechanism, A valve timing adjusting device, wherein the fourth oil passage communicates with the outside in a locked state, and the fourth oil passage is shut off from the outside in an unlocked state.