JP2002004343A - Emergency automatic stopper for construction machinery - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an emergency automatic stopper for construction machinery preventing the danger of a serious accident resulting in injury or death of worker or the like involved with the construction machinery. SOLUTION: During the work by the construction machinery, when the worker or the like approaches within a working range of 2 to 3 meters behind the machinery, the machinery can be stopped to prevent the danger.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a non-contact type which detects a danger state as an electric signal, slows down or stops the movement of a construction machine by controlling electric and hydraulic pressures, and executes danger avoidance. It is an automatic stop control device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A method in which a human sends a signal to an operator using a body action, a whistle, a bar-shaped light, or the like, and the operator controls the method. A method of alerting the operator and approaching persons by turning electric signals such as infrared and ultrasonic waves into an alarm buzzer / lamp, a method of notifying an operator with an alarm buzzer when a sensor attached to construction equipment is contacted, and an engine using an electric signal from the sensor There is a way to stop.

[0003]

When a construction machine operator enters an area where the safety of the rear of a construction machine cannot be confirmed due to unsafe behavior of an operator or the like, a serious accident such as collision with the machine or being pinched may occur. In any of the conventional techniques, the time from the occurrence of the "dangerous state" to the avoidance of the danger cannot be O seconds as long as the operator controls. In the case of sensing with infrared rays or the like, a method covering a wide area will sense people and obstacles other than “dangerous situations” and frequently stop, which hinders work. In addition, radio waves and sound waves are affected by nearby strong radio waves and sound waves, and are likely to malfunction. In the method of stopping the engine, pressure oil remains and operation cannot be stopped immediately.

[Means for Solving the Problems] The present invention is a method for automatically slowing down or automatically stopping a construction machine at the same time that a "dangerous state" occurs, having a feature of combining the electric signal and hydraulic control. Further, the function of avoiding this danger can prevent harm to the human body.

The effective range of sensing by the transmitter is limited to 2 to 3 m, and a method of sensing far-infrared rays emitted from the human body and a method of sensing infrared rays emitted from the infrared light emitting device are reflected on the human body. The workability of the construction machine is maintained and malfunctions are eliminated.

As a method of stopping the movement of the construction machine, "stop the engine (FIG. 1-12), turn off the hydraulic pressure source (FIG. 1-13), change the direction of the hydraulic pressure with the solenoid valve (FIG. 3-8)" Three methods are possible

The engine and the hydraulic pressure source (hydraulic pump) are often interlocked, and it is considered that the pressure oil remains even after the engine is stopped, and there is pressure fluctuation of the machine.

When there is an approacher to the construction machine, the engine is slowed down by the rotary solenoid (FIG. 2-7). When approaching a dangerous position, the direction of the hydraulic pressure is changed by the solenoid valve (FIG. 2-8) and the operation is stopped. Choose a method.

A solenoid valve (FIG. 1-8) is mounted between a hydraulic pressure source (FIG. 1-13) and a pilot valve (FIG. 1-14), and an oil pressure to the pilot valve is instantaneously transmitted by an electric signal to a bypass circuit (FIG. 1). 10) to the hydraulic oil tank (Fig. 1-
Return to 11) and immediately stop the operation of the machine.

As the transmitter (such as an infrared ray) and the solenoid valve, those currently on the market or those to be sold in the future may be used.

[0011]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the present invention will be described based on embodiments with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the hydraulic excavator as viewed from above. It is a diagram showing that there is a possibility that an accident may occur during operation if it enters within the turning radius of the rear and side rear from the center of rotation of the machine, and photoelectric switches (infrared sensors) are provided at several places behind and turn The infrared rays also move in a fan-like manner to sense workers, passers-by, and the like, and to slow down or stop the operation of the machine.

The first-stage photoelectric switch is located at the center of the turning radius from the center to the rear (FIGS. 1-1, 2, 3, and 4). When a person or an obstacle is detected, a rotary solenoid (FIG. 7) Power is supplied to the buzzer (Fig. 2-9) to slow down the engine.

The photoelectric switch as the second stage is set to the rear side (FIGS. 1-5 and 6) from the center of the turning radius, and when a person or an obstacle is detected, a solenoid valve (FIG.
8) is energized to stop the operation of the hydraulic pressure. The mounting position of the photoelectric switch is set below the construction machine revolving structure, about 1 m above the ground, and the position is changed depending on the model.

FIG. 2 is an electric circuit diagram. In the first stage, an electric signal from the side photoelectric switch (FIGS. 2-1, 2, 3, and 4) excites the relay CR1 and a buzzer (FIG. 2-9), a rotary solenoid, and a switch (FIG. 2-7). Turns on, an alarm buzzer sounds, and engine rotation slows down.

In the second stage, the side rear photoelectric switch (FIG. 2)
The electric signal from (5, 6) excites the relay CR2 to turn on the solenoid valve (FIG. 2-8), and the construction machine stops operating simultaneously with the alarm buzzer.

FIG. 2 is an electric circuit diagram which enables the construction machine to operate at the same time as the electric signal from the photoelectric switch is turned off.

FIG. 3 is a hydraulic circuit diagram. When the electric signal from the photoelectric switch (FIG. 3-1) excites the relay CR2 and the solenoid valve (FIG. 3-2) is energized, the spool in the solenoid valve moves (the valve is switched) by the force of the magnet, and the valve position is changed. Instead of (A) to (B), the pilot hydraulic pressure from the hydraulic pressure source (Fig. 3-3) (Fig.
4) is blocked and the hydraulic oil tank (FIG. 3)
The operation returns to -6) and the operation of the construction machine stops. When the electric signal is turned off, the construction machine can be operated.

[0018]

According to the present invention, a method for avoiding the danger of accidents or the like caused by unsafe entry actions of workers, passers-by, etc. into an area where it is difficult to confirm the rear of a construction machine during operation, by using an electric signal and hydraulic control. This is a method of automatic control (slow down or stop) by combination. It can overcome the danger avoidance speed of sending the operator's signal, electric alarm buzzer, etc. to the operator, and controlling the operator, and avoiding serious personal injury such as collision or pinch accident by machine at the construction site. .

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view of a construction machine.

FIG. 2 is an electric circuit diagram.

FIG. 3 is a hydraulic circuit diagram.

[Explanation of symbols]

1, Figure 1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 Photoelectric switch mounting position 2, Figure 1-7 Rotary solenoid mounting position 3, Figure 1-8 Solenoid valve mounting position 4, Figure 1-9 Alarm buzzer mounting position 5, Fig. 1-10 Bypass circuit 6, Fig. 1-11 Hydraulic oil tank 7, Fig. 1-12 Engine 8, Fig. 1-13 Hydraulic source (hydraulic pump) 9, Fig. 1-14 Pilot valve 10, Fig. 1-15 Range of danger of getting caught in the machine 11, Fig. 1-16 Range of prohibition from approaching the machine 12, Fig. 2-1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 Photoelectric switch 13, Fig. 2-7 Rotary solenoid 12, Fig. 2 8 Solenoid valve 13, Fig. 2-9 Alarm buzzer 14, Fig. 2-10, 11 Relay (CR-1, CR-
2) 15, Fig. 3-1 Photoelectric switch 16, Fig. 3-2 Solenoid valve 17, Fig. 3-3 Hydraulic source (hydraulic pump) 18, Fig. 3-4 Pilot hydraulic circuit 19, Fig. 3-5 Bypass hydraulic circuit

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A photoelectric switch for transmitting infrared / ultrasonic waves or the like (FIGS. 1-5, 6) at the rear of a construction machine or the like, and a photoelectric switch (FIGS. 1-1, 2, 3, 4) at the side rear. ) Is set in two steps. 2. In the first stage, the rear part inside the sensing area (FIG. 1-1,
2,3,4) Detects a nearby person or an obstacle, and supplies an electric signal to an alarm buzzer (Fig. 1-9) and a rotary solenoid (Fig. 1-7) provided to the construction machine to energize the engine (Fig. 1). Step 1-12) is slowed down to the idling state. 3. In the second stage, the rear part within the sensing range (FIGS. 1-5)
When a person or an obstacle is detected in 6), a solenoid valve (FIG. 1-8) incorporated in the hydraulic circuit is energized by the electric signal, and the hydraulic pressure is supplied from the bypass circuit (FIG. 1-10) to the tank (FIG. 1-10). Return directly to 11) and stop the operation of the construction machine. 4. A non-contact automatic stop device wherein the operation of the construction machine is immediately stopped when a person or an obstacle approaches within 2 to 3 meters.