JP2002001654A - Saw teeth automatic grinding machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a saw teeth automatic grinding machine capable of grinding saw teeth with high efficiency, accuracy and quality, without requiring presence of a skilled worker. SOLUTION: In the saw teeth automatic grinding machine 1 for grinding teeth of a band saw 2, the vibration occurred during the saw teeth grinding is detected by a vibration sensor. Contact of a grinding wheel 67 to the saw teeth, shape of the saw teeth, and completion of a grinding cycle are recognized based upon the detected pattern of the vibration. With these recognitions, the trajectory of the movement of the grinding wheel 67 is changed or adjusted, whereby an operation of the saw teeth grinding fit for the shape of the saw teeth is automatically carried out.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a saw blade automatic grinding machine for grinding saw blades such as band saws and circular saws. In particular, the present invention, without requiring the presence of skilled workers, high efficiency,
The present invention relates to measures for enabling high-precision and high-quality sawtooth grinding.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No.
As disclosed in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2 (1999) -2002, there is known a saw tooth grinder for grinding and regenerating used saw teeth such as a band saw and a circular saw. A general grinding operation of this type of saw-tooth grinder will be described. A saw is set so that the saw teeth face upward, and the grinding wheel approaches the saw teeth from above to perform grinding. The grindstone is attached to a grindstone drive mechanism, rotates at high speed, and moves on a predetermined trajectory along the shape of the sawtooth. Thus, a sharp tip is obtained by the grinding stone grinding the edge of the saw tooth by a predetermined grinding amount.

When the grinding of one tooth is completed, a tooth feeding operation is performed to grind the next saw tooth. Generally, the tooth feed operation and the grinding wheel grinding operation are linked by a cam mechanism. That is, after the grinding operation is completed, the teeth are fed by a fixed amount (one pitch of the saw tooth) so that the next tooth faces the grindstone. The grinding operation and the feed operation are performed alternately, and when these operations are repeated by the number of saw teeth, one round of the grinding operation is completed. By performing such a grinding operation a plurality of times (for example, three or four times), a predetermined amount of grinding is performed to obtain a sharp tooth profile, and the sawtooth is regenerated.

[0004]

By the way, at the present work site for saw-tooth grinding, a so-called skilled worker (dresser) who has a high level of experience and a high level of skill understands the tooth shape and the wear state of the saw-tooth. Based on his experience and intuition, he performs saw blade grinding using a saw blade grinder. In other words, the reality is that the quality of saw blade grinding is left to the skill of skilled workers.

However, in recent years, the aging of these skilled workers and the shortage of successors have become serious, and woodworking machine manufacturers, tool blade manufacturers and polishing companies have been forced to retire and retire skilled workers. There are many cases where we are forced to do so.

[0006] In view of this situation, the inventors of the present invention have:
Skilled technology preservation and database creation, systematization and handing over,
We found the necessity of developing a machine that transferred skilled skills to control technology.

More specifically, attention has been paid to the use of advanced information processing technology, which is a part of the rapidly evolving artificial intelligence, for preserving, generalizing, and disseminating the skills of these skilled workers.

[0008] Particularly, in the field of wood processing where it is necessary to always process wood having various and complex properties under optimum conditions, the so-called expert's five senses can be computerized and programmed. There is great expectation for sublimation in the form of, and in the future, in order to maintain and improve the skill level at the work site of saw tooth grinding, it is essential to preserve the skills of skilled workers and create a database etc. The inventors of the present invention have found that this is the case.

[0009] The present invention has been made in view of the above point, and an object of the present invention is to enable high-efficiency, high-accuracy, and high-quality saw tooth grinding without requiring the presence of a skilled worker. To provide a saw tooth automatic grinding machine.

[0010]

Means for Solving the Problems-Summary of the Invention-In order to achieve the above object, the present invention detects a vibration or a sound generated at the time of grinding a saw tooth with a grindstone, and detects a processing state by pattern recognition. With automatic recognition function,
The present invention has realized a sawtooth automatic grinding machine capable of optimizing grinding conditions according to the processing state.

-Solution Means- First, the first solution means is assumed to be a saw tooth automatic grinding machine provided with a grindstone for sawing teeth, and sequentially grinding a plurality of saw teeth on a saw with the grindstone. This automatic saw tooth grinder is provided with a detecting means, a grinding state recognizing means and a control means. The detection means detects vibration or sound generated during saw tooth grinding. Grinding state recognition means,
It receives the output of the detecting means and recognizes the grinding state of the saw tooth by the grindstone. The control means receives the output of the grinding state recognizing means, and controls the saw tooth grinding operation of the grindstone based on the output.

According to this specific matter, when grinding a saw tooth with a grindstone, vibration and sound are generated due to contact between the two. The vibrations and sounds vary depending on the grinding state of the saw blade. That is, the vibration and the sound reflect the grinding state of the saw tooth. For example, if the grindstone is too strong against the saw teeth, relatively large vibrations and noises will occur,
When the contact of the grindstone with the saw tooth is too weak, a relatively small vibration or sound is generated. For this reason, by detecting the vibration or the sound generated during the saw tooth grinding by the detecting means, it is possible to recognize the grinding state of the saw tooth by the grindstone by the grinding state recognizing means.
The control means controls the saw-tooth grinding operation of the grindstone based on the recognized saw-tooth grinding state, so that the optimum saw-tooth grinding operation can be performed according to the shape of the saw tooth and the degree of wear. . In this way, it is possible to perform high-efficiency, high-accuracy, and high-quality saw-tooth grinding without requiring the presence of a skilled worker.

The second solution is an example of an operation of recognizing a grinding state of a saw tooth by detecting vibration or sound.
That is, in the saw tooth automatic grinding machine according to the first solution, when the grinding of the saw tooth is started, the whetstone is made to relatively approach the saw tooth, while the vibration generated when the whetstone contacts the saw tooth is generated. The sound is detected by the detecting means, and the detection signal is received by the grinding state recognizing means to recognize the position of the sawtooth. Further, the control means controls the saw-tooth grinding operation of the grindstone with the position of the grindstone when the grinding state recognition means receives the detection signal as a grinding start position.

According to this specific matter, at the start of the saw tooth grinding, the grindstone relatively approaches the saw tooth, and at the moment when the grindstone comes into contact with the saw tooth, vibration or sound caused by the contact is generated. The detecting means outputs a detection signal to the grinding state recognizing means when detecting the vibration or the sound. The grinding state recognizing means receiving the detection signal confirms the position of the grindstone at the time of receiving the signal, and recognizes the position of the saw tooth based on the position. Thereby, the movement trajectory of the grindstone suitable for the position of the saw tooth can be set by the control means, and a good saw tooth grinding operation can be performed.

The third solution is another example of the operation of recognizing the grinding state of the sawtooth by detecting vibration or sound. That is, in the saw tooth automatic grinding machine according to the first solution, the grinding orbiting operation in which all saw teeth on the saw are ground once is performed a plurality of times. Further, while the grinding state recognizing means recognizes the end of each grinding orbiting operation by an output change from the vibration detecting means, the control means causes the grinding wheel to approach the saw tooth in the next grinding orbiting operation after the end of the grinding orbiting operation. The movement trajectory of the grindstone is controlled.

According to this specific matter, when the grinding operation of the first round by the grindstone is completed, the saw tooth moves again on the same movement locus with respect to the first saw tooth to perform the grinding again. I do. However, since the first saw tooth has already been subjected to the first round of grinding, the grinding by the grindstone is hardly performed, and the vibration and the sound are hardly generated accordingly. The change in the vibration or the sound is detected by the detecting means, and the grinding state recognizing means recognizes the end of the first round of the grinding operation based on the detection signal. As a result, the control means controls the movement trajectory of the grindstone so that the grindstone approaches the sawtooth in order to perform the second round of the grinding operation.
Thereby, the movement locus of the grindstone is appropriately controlled at the start of each grinding cycle, the movement locus of the grindstone is automatically updated for each grinding cycle, and the saw tooth is ground by a predetermined grinding amount.

The fourth solution is still another example of the operation of recognizing the grinding state of the saw tooth by detecting vibration or sound. That is, in the saw tooth automatic grinding machine according to the first solution means, the grinding state recognition means recognizes the contact state between the grindstone and the saw tooth in response to the output of the detection means at the time of saw tooth grinding, and confirms the tooth shape of the saw tooth. To do it. Further, the control means controls the movement trajectory of the grindstone so as to follow the tooth shape of the sawtooth.

According to this specific matter, when a grinding operation is performed on a specific saw tooth, the shape of the saw tooth is confirmed based on the vibration or sound pattern detected by the detecting means. That is, as described above, for example, when the grinding stone hits the saw tooth too strongly, relatively large vibration and noise are generated. Therefore, the sawtooth shape in this part is
It can be recognized that the lap size (this size is the actual amount of grinding) with the movement locus of the grindstone is at a considerably large position. On the other hand, if the contact of the grindstone with the saw tooth is too weak, relatively small vibrations and sounds are generated. Therefore, it can be recognized that the sawtooth shape at this portion is located at a position where the lap dimension with the movement locus of the grindstone is considerably small. In this way, the shape of the saw tooth is recognized, and based on that, the control means controls the movement trajectory of the grindstone to follow the saw tooth shape,
The entire saw tooth can be ground by an appropriate amount.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in any one of the first to fourth aspects, the whetstone can be moved on a predetermined movement locus by a whetstone moving mechanism. Further, the control means controls the moving trajectory of the grindstone by controlling the grindstone moving mechanism by NC control.

In a conventional saw-tooth grinder, the relative movement between the grindstone and the saw teeth is linked by a mechanical cam that moves in conjunction with the grindstone rotating shaft. For this reason, it is difficult to finely adjust the relative movement between the grindstone and the saw tooth feed, which requires skill. Also,
It was also difficult to perform highly accurate position control. In the present solution, since the position control of the grindstone is performed by the NC control, it is possible to solve these problems when a mechanical cam is used. In addition, with the use of NC control, it becomes possible to analyze and standardize the grinding operation, and to digitize the saw tooth grinding operation that has been processed by experience and intuition.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in any one of the first to fifth aspects, the object to be ground is a band saw tooth. In addition, holding means for holding the band saw so that the saw teeth are oriented in the horizontal direction is provided, and the control means moves the grindstone on a movement trajectory in a horizontal plane so that the saw teeth held by the holding means are ground by the grindstone. The configuration is such that

The conventional saw-tooth grinder performs a grinding operation by placing a saw tooth vertically and a heavy grindstone intermittently moving up and down with respect to the saw tooth. For this reason, there is a problem that the vibration of the machine is large, and since the weight of the grinding wheel is large, it is greatly affected by the weight when moving it up and down, and there is a limit to sufficiently improving the accuracy of the movement trajectory. Was. In this solution, these problems can be solved by placing the saw blade horizontally and moving the grindstone in a horizontal plane.

[0023]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In this embodiment, a case will be described in which the present invention is applied to an automatic saw blade grinder for grinding a saw blade of a band saw.

FIG. 1 is a front view showing a part of the automatic saw tooth grinder 1 according to the present embodiment in phantom lines, and the set band saw 2 is shown by a one-dot chain line. I have. FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a part of the automatic saw blade automatic grinding machine 1 by a virtual line. FIG. 3 is a view taken in the direction of the arrow III in FIG.

As shown in these figures, the automatic saw blade automatic grinding machine 1 has a saw blade clamp unit 4 (see FIG.
And a phantom line in FIG. 2), a sawtooth feed unit 5 and a grinding unit 6 are respectively mounted. Hereinafter, each unit will be described.

Description of the Configuration of the Base 3 The base 3 is formed of a flat surface having a horizontally extending upper surface. The saw blade clamp unit 4, the saw blade feed unit 5, and the grinding unit 6 are attached to the upper surface. I have.

A recess 31 for guiding a part of the set band saw 2 is formed on the front surface (left side surface in FIG. 3) of the base 3. This recess 31
A plurality of (three in this embodiment) conveyor rollers 32, 32, 32 rotatable around an axis extending in a direction perpendicular to the paper surface of FIG. By supporting a part of the band saw 2 on the conveyor rollers 32, 32, 32, the band saw 2 is guided to be movable in the longitudinal direction.

On both sides of the base 3, guides 7, 7 having conveyor rollers 71, 71,... Rotatable about an axis extending in a direction perpendicular to the plane of FIG. It is arranged. The guide rollers 7, 7 are provided with conveyor rollers 71, 71,... Arranged at the same height position as the conveyor rollers 32 of the base table 3, and cooperate with the conveyor rollers 32 of the base table 3. The band saw 2 is guided movably. 1, the band saw 2 is not in contact with the conveyor rollers 71, 71 at the left and right ends. However, when a band saw longer than that shown in FIG. You will guide the band saw.

Further, saw receiving rails 72, 72 extending in the horizontal direction are disposed above the guide tables 7, 7, respectively. A plurality of guide towers 7 are provided on the saw receiving rail 72.
Are attached. At the upper end of each of the guide towers 73, 73,..., A pair of guide rollers 74 for holding and guiding a part of the band saw 2 from both upper and lower sides is provided.

With such a configuration, the band saw 2 set on the automatic saw-tooth automatic grinding machine 1 is provided with the respective conveyor rollers 32 and 3.
, 71, 71, and a pair of guide rollers 74, 7
, And are supported movably in the longitudinal direction (see arrows in FIG. 1).

—Description of Configuration of Saw-tooth Clamp Unit 4 — The saw-tooth clamp unit 4 includes a saw receiving table 41 and an elevating unit 42 as shown in FIG. Hereinafter, each unit will be described.

The saw holder 41 is placed on the front end (the left end in FIG. 3) of the upper surface of the base 3. The saw receiving table 41 includes a table main body 43 and a saw tooth guide 44 mounted on the table main body 43. Stand body 43
Is provided with a handle 43a for moving forward and backward.
That is, by operating the handle 43a, the base body 43 moves in the left-right direction in FIG. 3 so that the clamp position of the saw tooth can be finely adjusted. Saw tooth guide 44
Abuts on the lower surface of the sawtooth to support the sawtooth. For this reason, the saw tooth guide 44 is set to be longer than the width of the base body 43 (as shown in FIG. 2,
The width is set to be substantially the same as the width of the base 3), so that a large area for supporting the saw teeth can be secured.

The elevating unit 42 is provided with the saw tooth guide 44
And a clamp plate 45 for clamping the sawtooth between them. By raising and lowering the clamp plate 45, the clamped state and the unclamped state of the sawtooth can be switched. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 4 (FIG. 4a is a plan view of the lifting unit 42, and FIG. 4b is a front view thereof),
A pair of left and right slide towers 46, 46 is provided, and air cylinders 46a, 46a are attached to upper ends of the respective slide towers 46, 46. An elevating frame 47 is installed on each of the slide towers 46. The lifting frame 47 is mounted on the slide tower 4.
The sliders 46b, 46b of the air cylinders 46, 46 are provided to freely move in the vertical direction, and the rods 46c, 46c extending from the air cylinders 46a, 46a.
46c is connected to the lower end. For this reason, the lifting frame 47 is configured to be vertically movable along the sliders 46b, 46b with the driving of the air cylinders 46a, 46a (see arrows in FIG. 4B).

A connecting panel 48 is attached to the elevating frame 47. The connection panel 48 hangs down from the lifting frame 47, and the clamp plate 45 is attached to the lower end thereof. As a result, the clamp plate 45 moves up and down together with the connection panel 48 in accordance with the vertical movement of the elevating frame 47, and clamps the sawtooth between the sawtooth guide 44 in the lowered position, and this clamp in the ascended position. The state is released.

An opening 4 is provided at the center of the connecting panel 48.
8a are formed, and the connecting panel 48 is formed when the sawtooth is ground.
Does not interfere with the grindstone 67 of the grinding unit 6.

Description of Configuration of Sawtooth Feeding Unit 5-After the sawing of one sawtooth is completed, the sawtooth feeding unit 5 feeds the band saw 2 by one pitch of the sawtooth, and the next sawtooth faces the grinding unit 6. It is to make it. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, a slider 52 that slides in a horizontal direction is mounted on a sawtooth feed table 51, and a feed claw unit 53 is supported by the slider 52. The feed claw unit 53 includes a unit main body 54 rotatably supported around a vertical axis, an arm 55 extending horizontally from the unit main body 54 toward the grinding unit 6, and an upright end at the tip of the arm 55. And a feed claw 56 provided.

As shown in FIG. 5, the feed pawl 56 is in contact with the root of the sawtooth 21. The slider 5
The slide movement of No. 2 is performed by a servo motor (not shown), and the slide movement amount is sawtooth 21, 21,.
1 pitch. For this reason, when the slider 52 slides, the feed pawl 56 presses the root of the sawtooth 21 to the right in FIG.
The band saw 2 is fed by one pitch, so that the next saw tooth 21 faces the grinding unit 6. Note that an arrow indicated by a dashed line in FIG. 5 indicates a sliding movement direction of the unit main body 54.

The unit body 54 is provided with a biasing force in the clockwise direction in FIG. 5 by means such as a spring. As a result, the feed claw 56 is pressed to a predetermined position of the tooth bottom portion of the saw tooth 21, and the relative position of the feed claw 56 with respect to the saw tooth 21 is determined. Further, after performing the feeding operation of the band saw 2, the feeding claw 56
When the unit body 54 is returned to the initial position, the unit main body 54 rotates counterclockwise in the drawing against the urging force, so that the feed claw 56 does not catch on the sawtooth 21 and the initial position (the sawtooth 21). (The position pressed by the bottom of the tooth).

-Description of Configuration of Grinding Unit 6- As shown in FIG.
1 and a spindle motor 62 mounted on the XY table 61.

The XY table 61 has an X-axis table 64 slidably mounted on an X-axis guide 63 fixed to the upper surface of the base 3, and a Y-axis table formed on the upper surface of the X-axis table 64. A Y-axis table 65 slidably mounted on a guide 64a. Also,
Slide rods 66a, 66a extending from the servo motors 66, 66 are connected to the tables 64, 65, and the tables 64, 65 are slidable as the servo motors 66, 66 are driven.

The spindle motor 62 has a rotating shaft,
The table is set in a horizontal direction that is inclined with respect to the sliding direction of each of the tables 64 and 65, and a grindstone 67 for saw-tooth grinding is attached to the tip of the rotation shaft. That is, the sliding movement of the tables 64 and 65 accompanying the driving of the servomotors 66 and 66 causes the sawtooth 21 of the grindstone 67 to move.
The grindstone 67 is moved along a predetermined locus along the tooth shape of the sawtooth 21 by controlling the relative position with respect to the sawtooth 21.
Grinding is performed. The dashed arrows in FIG. 5 indicate the movement locus of the grindstone 67 during the saw-tooth grinding. The height position of the rotating shaft of the grindstone 67 is determined by the sawtooth 21 clamped by the sawtooth clamp unit 4.
Height position.

Description of Control System As one of the features of this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6 (a side view of the band saw 2 in a clamped state as viewed from the saw tooth 21 side), a saw tooth guide in the automatic saw tooth grinding machine 1. The vibration sensor 8 is provided on the lower surface of the reference numeral 44. The vibration sensor 8 includes a whetstone 6
7 detects the vibration generated during the grinding operation of the saw teeth 21 and transmits the vibration signal.

FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing a control system of the automatic saw tooth grinding machine 1. The vibration signal output from the vibration sensor 8 is transmitted to a pattern recognition control section 91 as a grinding state recognition means. Specifically, the vibration signal is amplified by an amplifier and filtered by a noise filter, then A / D converted by an A / D converter, and transmitted to the pattern recognition control unit 91. (The above amplifier, noise filter and A / D converter are not shown).

The pattern recognition control section 91 receives the vibration signal from the vibration sensor 8 and recognizes the grinding state of the saw tooth 21 by the grindstone 67. Specifically, at the start of the grinding of the sawtooth 21, the position of the sawtooth 21 is recognized based on a vibration signal caused by the vibration generated when the grindstone 67 contacts the sawtooth 21, or the grinding of the sawtooth 21 is performed plural times. When the operation is performed over a period of time, the end of the grinding orbiting operation and the start of the next grinding orbiting operation are recognized on the basis of the vibration signal. Include).

The pattern recognition control section 91 outputs a recognition signal based on the above recognition to an NC control section 92 as control means. The NC controller 92 controls the saw-tooth grinding operation of the grindstone 67 based on the recognition signal from the pattern recognition controller 91. More specifically, the servo motors 66, 66 are driven and controlled to control the sliding movement of the tables 64, 65, whereby the movement locus of the grindstone 67 is appropriately adjusted. For example, the stroke range of each of the tables 64 and 65 is set to 50 mm, and the NC control is performed with a high positional accuracy of about 0.1 to 1 μm. The maximum moving speed of each of the tables 64 and 65 is set to 200 mm / s. These numerical values are examples, and the present invention is not limited thereto. The NC control unit 92 also controls the number of revolutions of the spindle motor 62.

The NC control section 92 simultaneously controls the servomotor 57 of the sawtooth feed unit 5 and the air cylinders 46a, 46a of the sawtooth clamp unit 4. That is, when the grinding of one saw tooth 21 is completed, the servo motor 57 of the saw tooth feed unit 5 is driven to feed the band saw 2 by one pitch of the saw teeth 21, 21,. It faces unit 6. Also, during the feeding operation of the band saw 2, the air cylinders 46a, 46a of the saw tooth clamp unit 4 are driven to raise the elevating frame 47 to release the clamped state of the saw tooth 21, while the next saw tooth 21 is moved to the grinding unit 6. When sent to the opposing position, the air cylinders 46a, 46a of the saw tooth clamp unit 4 are driven again to lower the elevating frame 47 and clamp the saw teeth 21.

Further, the pattern recognition control section 91 and N
The C control unit 92 can receive an editing signal from the program editing device 93 which is an external input means, and can rewrite a grinding operation program such as a change in a control amount in each of the units 5 to 7 based on the editing signal. It has become. Further, a touch panel display 94 is connected to the NC control unit 92, and it is possible to display the current saw-tooth grinding state, display the occurrence of an abnormality, and manually set the control amounts of the units 5 to 7. .

-Description of Sawtooth Grinding Operation- Next, the grinding operation of the sawtooth 21 by the sawtooth automatic grinding machine 1 configured as described above will be described. In this grinding operation,
The setting operation, pattern setting operation, initial movement operation, grinding operation, and end operation of the band saw 2 are sequentially performed. Hereinafter, each operation will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.

(Setting Operation) The setting operation is an operation for setting the band saw 2 on the automatic saw tooth automatic grinding machine 1, and is performed by an operator. As shown in FIG. 1, each part of the band saw 2 is conveyed by conveyor rollers 32, 32,.
, And a pair of guide rollers 74, 7
4, ... Thus, the band saw 2 is guided by the conveyor rollers 32, 32, ..., 71, 71, ... and the guide roller pairs 74, 74, ..., and is supported movably in its longitudinal direction (see the arrow in Fig. 1) (see the arrow in Fig. 1). Step S
T1). After setting the band saw 2, the saw tooth feed unit 5
Is hooked on the bottom of the sawtooth 21. On this occasion,
As described above, the unit main body 54 of the sawtooth feed unit 5 is provided with an urging force in the direction in which the feed pawl 56 presses the root of the sawtooth 21, so that the feed pawl 56 contacts the predetermined position of the sawtooth. (Step ST2).

Thereafter, the power switch of the automatic saw blade automatic grinding machine 1 is turned on to start the system (step ST).
3). If necessary, the handle 43a of the sawtooth clamp unit 4 is operated to move the main body 43 of the saw cradle 41 to finely adjust the position of the sawtooth 21 to be clamped (step ST4).

(Pattern Setting Operation) In the pattern setting operation, when the operator operates the touch panel display 94, the following pieces of grinding information are input, and the NC controller 9
2 is taught (step ST5).

The length of the band saw 2 The pitch of the saw teeth The tooth shape data number The number of grinding revolutions The degree of grinding (grinding amount) Here, the teaching operation of the tooth shape data number is based on data of a plurality of types of tooth shapes. Is stored in advance in a memory (not shown),
The type of the saw blade of the band saw 2 set this time is selected from among them.

A plurality of grinding patterns may be stored in the memory, and the grinding pattern may be selected according to the tooth shape of the saw teeth 21 of the band saw 2 set this time and the degree of wear. For example, as shown in FIG. 9, one is selected from four prepared grinding patterns. Each pattern shown in FIG. 9 indicates that a grinding operation shown by a broken line is performed on the shape of the saw tooth 21 before grinding shown by a solid line. In pattern A, the amount of grinding at the bottom of the tooth is made larger than that of the other portions. In pattern B, the amount of grinding of the tooth throat portion is made larger than other amounts. In the pattern C, the amount of grinding of the tooth back portion is made larger than other amounts. The pattern D is to increase the amount of grinding of the tooth tip portion more than the other portions.

(Initial Operation) In the initial operation, the grinding start switch of the main grinding machine 1 is turned on. At the start of this operation, the sawtooth feed unit 5 is activated, and the slider 52 slides by one pitch of the sawtooth with the driving of the servomotor 57 (step ST6). As a result, the feed pawl 56 presses the bottom of the saw tooth 21 to feed the band saw 2 by one pitch of the saw tooth, and the next saw tooth 21 faces the grinding unit 6.

Thereafter, the clamp plate 45 descends with the driving of the air cylinders 46 a of the saw blade clamp unit 4, and the saw teeth 21 are clamped between the clamp plate 45 and the saw blade guide 44.

With the saw tooth 21 positioned as described above, the spindle motor 62 is activated and the grindstone 67 rotates (step ST7). Accordingly, the grinding unit 6
Are driven, and the grindstone 67 gradually approaches the saw tooth while moving on the same locus as the shape of the tooth shape of the saw tooth 21 (step ST8). Then, in step ST9, the operation of detecting the occurrence of vibration by the vibration sensor 8 is started. That is, the vibration generated when the grindstone 67 comes into contact with the saw tooth 21 is set to a state where the vibration sensor 8 can detect the vibration. When the grindstone 67 gradually approaches the saw tooth 21 and comes into contact with the saw tooth 21, vibration accompanying the contact is generated (it is determined that there is vibration in step ST 10). The vibration sensor 8 detects this vibration and transmits a detection signal to the pattern recognition control unit 91. Upon receiving this detection signal, the pattern recognition control unit 91 recognizes the position of the grindstone 67 at the time of occurrence of the vibration as a start point of the saw-tooth grinding operation (step ST).
11). In this case, when abnormal vibration occurs and the vibration is detected by the vibration sensor 8, the main grinding machine 1 is immediately stopped (step ST26), and abnormalities are displayed on a display portion such as the touch panel display 94. Give an alarm.

(Grinding Operation) In the grinding operation, the grindstone 67 moves along a predetermined trajectory along the tooth pattern of the sawtooth 21 with reference to the starting point recognized in the above-mentioned initial movement, and the sawtooth 2
Are sequentially ground (see arrows shown by broken lines in FIG. 5). Specifically, first, the cutting amount for the first round is automatically set (step ST12). The cut amount is set, for example, to a value obtained by dividing the set grinding amount by the number of grinding rounds.

After setting the cutting amount, the sawtooth feed unit 5 is activated, and the slider 52 slides by one pitch of the sawtooth 21 with the driving of the servomotor 57. As a result, the feed pawl 56 presses the root of the saw tooth 21 to feed the band saw 2 by one pitch of the saw tooth 21, and the next saw tooth 21 faces the grinding unit 6 (step ST1).
3). In this state, the saw tooth 21 is ground by the grindstone 67 with reference to the recognized start point of the saw tooth grinding operation (step ST14).

When this one saw tooth 21 is being ground, the vibration generated during the grinding is detected by the vibration sensor 8, and the vibration pattern is stored and learned by the pattern recognition section 91 (step ST15). Such a learning operation is performed for a predetermined number of teeth (for example, ten consecutive teeth) (repetition of steps ST13 to ST16).

Through this learning, it is determined whether or not the movement locus of the grindstone 67 set this time is appropriate. Specifically, by comparing the optimal vibration pattern stored in advance in the memory in the NC control unit 92 with the actual vibration pattern at the time of each sawtooth grinding, whether the movement locus of the grindstone 67 set this time is appropriate. It is determined whether or not the two vibration patterns are substantially the same, and it is determined that the movement trajectory of the grindstone 67 is appropriate, and the subsequent saw tooth is ground as it is. For example,
If the total number of teeth of the band saw 2 is 200, the first to tenth saw teeth 21, 21, 21, 21 used in the above learning are used.
The grinding is performed on the 11th to 200th saw teeth 21, 21,.

On the other hand, if it is determined that the movement locus of the grindstone 67 set this time is not appropriate, the movement locus of the grindstone 67 is changed so that the grindstone 67 moves on a locus corresponding to the tooth shape of the saw tooth 21. . Specifically, for example, in the portion where the vibration generated in each of the above learning is large, the sawtooth 21
Is too strong, that is, assuming that the grinding amount is too large, the feed amount of the grindstone 67 in this portion (saw tooth 2
(The amount of movement in the direction toward 1). On the other hand, in a portion where the generated vibration is small, it is determined that the contact of the grindstone 67 with the saw tooth 21 is too weak, that is, the grinding amount is too small, and the feed amount of the grindstone 67 in this portion is corrected to be large. After the movement locus of the grindstone 67 is automatically corrected in this manner, the subsequent saw teeth 21 are ground. That is, similarly to the operation at the time of the learning, the feeding operation of the sawtooth 21 and the grinding operation are performed alternately, and
Are sequentially ground (step ST17,
18). In the automatic saw blade grinding machine 1, the correction of the movement locus can be manually corrected by operating the touch panel display 94.

When all the saw teeth 21, 21,... Have been completely ground and the first saw tooth 21 has been ground, this saw tooth 21 has already been ground by a predetermined amount. The whetstone 67 moving on the above-mentioned trajectory hardly comes into contact with the saw tooth 21. That is, the vibration generated at this time is significantly different from the vibration generated during the grinding of the saw tooth 21 up to that time. That is, the vibration pattern detected by the vibration sensor 8 is significantly different, and the pattern recognition unit 91 recognizes the difference, and confirms that the first round of grinding has been completed (step ST19).

When this confirmation is made, the grinding operation in the second round is started. Also in the grinding operation of the second round, the same grinding operation of steps ST12 to ST18 as described above is performed. That is, after setting the cutting amount for the saw teeth 21, grinding is performed on a predetermined number of saw teeth 21, 21,..., The vibration pattern at that time is learned, and the subsequent saw teeth 21, 21 are determined based on the learning result. , ... grinding.

When such a grinding cycle operation has been performed a predetermined number of times (the number of grindings inputted in the pattern setting in step ST5), the operation proceeds to an end operation after step ST20.

(End Operation) In the end operation, the tables 64 and 65 of the grinding unit 6 are retracted and returned to the initial position (step ST20), and the spindle motor 62 is stopped to stop the rotation of the grindstone 67 (step ST2).
1). Along with that, the saw tooth feed unit 5 is also stopped,
The feed operation of the saw tooth 21 is completed (step ST22),
The power switch of the main grinding machine 1 is turned off (step ST2).
3) The feed pawl 56 is detached from the saw tooth 21 by manual operation (step ST24). After that, the band saw 2 is
(Step ST25), the saw-tooth grinding operation ends.

-Effects of Embodiment- As described above, according to the automatic saw blade grinding machine 1 of the present embodiment, the vibration sensor 8 detects the vibration pattern generated at the time of saw blade grinding, thereby recognizing the saw blade grinding state. The movement control and the like of the grindstone 67 are performed based on this. For this reason, it is possible to perform an optimum saw-tooth grinding operation according to the shape of the saw-tooth 21 and the degree of wear. As a result, high-efficiency, high-accuracy, and high-quality saw tooth grinding can be performed without requiring the presence of a skilled worker.

The relative movement between the grindstone 67 and the saw tooth 21 is performed by NC control using a high-precision two-axis table, so that the positioning accuracy can be as high as about 0.1 μm (compared to a conventional grinding machine). It is possible to perform the grinding operation with an accuracy of 10 times or more). In the case of the conventional mechanical cam, there is a possibility that the tooth shape formed by the slight displacement of the holding position in the thickness direction of the band saw 2 during grinding becomes asymmetric, but according to the present embodiment, this is It can be avoided reliably. Further, in the conventional mechanical cam, since the feed amount of the saw tooth is constant, it can be applied only to a saw having saw teeth with a uniform pitch. In the grinding machine of this embodiment, the feed amount of the saw tooth can be freely changed by the NC control. Therefore, even if the saw 2 has the saw teeth 21 with unequal intervals, all the saw teeth 21, 21,... Can be ground. Further, with the NC control, a control program can be constructed by analyzing and standardizing the grinding operation. As a result, the work that has been processed based on experience and intuition can be digitized, and standardization of the grinding work can be promoted. On the other hand, when a skilled worker sets the grinding conditions and the learning conditions for pattern recognition, it becomes possible to transfer and transfer the skills of the skilled worker to machine control. The mechanical operation and the setting of the grinding conditions are performed by the touch panel display 94, but the operation and the condition setting can be easily performed by an unskilled worker if the basics of grinding are learned. Furthermore, the whetstone 6
Since the maximum moving speed of 7 is 200 mm per second (during grinding), high-precision grinding can be performed in a relatively short time, and the efficiency of saw-tooth grinding can be increased.

In addition, the band saw 2 is placed horizontally,
Movement can be performed in a horizontal plane, so that vibration can be reduced as compared with the conventional machine, and the grindstone 6 can be moved with high accuracy without being greatly affected by the weight of the grindstone 67.
7 can be moved on a predetermined trajectory, thereby also enabling high-precision and high-quality saw-tooth grinding.
Further, by arranging the band saw 2 horizontally as described above, the operator does not need to perform an operation of monitoring the grinding state or bending down deeply when performing the adjustment work of the grindstone. For this reason, workability | operativity becomes favorable and it can provide the easy-to-use saw-tooth automatic grinding machine 1. Further, with the horizontal arrangement, the worker can perform the above-mentioned work at a position far from the grindstone as compared with the conventional machine, and safety can be improved.

-Other Embodiments- In the above-described embodiment, the case where the present invention is applied to the automatic saw blade grinding machine 1 for grinding the saw teeth 21 of the band saw 2 has been described. The present invention is not limited to this, and can also be applied to a saw tooth automatic grinder for grinding saw teeth of other saws such as a circular saw.

In the above embodiment, the vibration sensor 8 is mounted on the lower surface of the saw-tooth guide 44. The present invention is not limited to this, and may be arranged at any location as long as vibration occurring during grinding work of the saw tooth 21 by the grindstone 67 can be detected. However, in order to enhance the detection accuracy of the vibration, it is preferable to arrange as close as possible to the contact point between the grindstone 67 and the saw tooth 21. In some cases, instead of arranging the vibration sensor 8 on the grinding machine 1, the vibration sensor 8 may be directly attached to the band saw 2, and the vibration generated in the band saw 2 may be detected. Further, the present invention is not limited to recognizing the saw-tooth grinding state by detecting vibration, but may be configured to recognize the saw-tooth grinding state by detecting the sound at the time of this grinding. In this case, a microphone is installed near the contact point between the grindstone 67 and the saw tooth 21, and the grinding state is recognized by detecting a grinding sound with the microphone.

Further, the automatic saw blade automatic grinding machine 1 can be equipped with a dressing device. If the control of the dressing device is also NC, the dressing operation can be standardized and automated.

[0072]

As described above, according to the present invention, the following effects are exhibited.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the state of saw tooth grinding is recognized by detecting vibration or sound generated during saw tooth grinding, and the saw tooth grinding operation of the grindstone is controlled based on the recognition. For this reason, it is possible to perform the optimum sawtooth grinding operation according to the shape of the sawtooth and the degree of wear, and perform high-efficiency, high-precision, and high-quality sawtooth grinding without requiring the presence of a skilled worker. be able to. In other words, in the conventional band saw tooth grinder, the relative movement between the grindstone and the saw tooth is linked by a mechanical cam that moves in conjunction with the grindstone rotating shaft, which is the main shaft. Was. Furthermore, skill is required to monitor the grinding state and finely adjust the movement of the grinding wheel, and since the grinding wheel rotates at a high speed, special attention is required in order to ensure work safety. Therefore, a good saw-tooth grinding operation could not be performed without a skilled worker. In the present invention, these problems can be solved, and a variation of the tooth mold and a high-quality grinding finish that cannot be realized by the conventional mechanical cam type can be realized without requiring the presence of a skilled worker. . Further, since it is possible to regenerate a tooth tip having high shape accuracy, the tool life is improved, the number of times of tool replacement is reduced, and production costs can be reduced and efficiency can be improved.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, at the start of saw tooth grinding, vibration or sound generated when the grindstone comes into contact with the saw tooth is detected, whereby the position of the saw tooth is recognized. For this reason, it is possible to set the movement trajectory of the grindstone suitable for the position of the sawtooth, and it is possible to perform a good sawtooth grinding operation and automatically adjust the grinding conditions, thereby dramatically improving the efficiency of the grinding process. it can.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, when performing the saw-tooth grinding orbiting operation a plurality of times, the end of each grinding orbiting operation is recognized by a change in vibration or sound. For this reason, the movement locus of the grindstone is appropriately controlled at the start of each grinding cycle, and the movement locus of the grinding wheel is automatically updated for each grinding cycle so that the saw tooth can be ground by a predetermined grinding amount. become.

According to the fourth aspect of the invention, the state of contact between the grindstone and the saw tooth is recognized by detecting the vibration or sound during grinding, and the tooth shape of the saw tooth is confirmed. For this reason,
The movement locus of the grindstone can be adapted to the sawtooth shape, and high-efficiency, high-precision, and high-quality sawtooth grinding can be reliably performed.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the control of the moving mechanism of the grindstone is performed by NC. In the conventional saw-tooth grinder, the relative movement between the grindstone and the sawtooth is linked by a mechanical cam that moves in conjunction with the grindstone rotating shaft. For this reason, it is difficult to finely adjust the relative movement between the grindstone and the saw tooth feed, which requires skill. Also, it has been difficult to perform highly accurate position control. According to the present invention, these disadvantages when a mechanical cam is used can be solved. In addition, with the use of NC control, it becomes possible to analyze and standardize the grinding operation, and to digitize the saw tooth grinding operation that has been processed by experience and intuition. Further, with the use of NC control, a control program can be constructed by analyzing and standardizing the grinding operation. In addition, the NC operation enables a grinding operation corresponding to various tooth forms to be obtained, and various tooth forms can be easily created by a simple program change. Further, the NC process can separate the saw feeding and the grinding process, and can adjust the timing and speed of the grinding wheel pass independently of the sawtooth pitch. Further, in the case of performing a grinding operation on a saw tooth a plurality of times to regenerate the saw tooth into a predetermined shape, in the case of the conventional mechanical cam, each saw tooth is reduced by one for each rotation.
It will be grinded each time. That is, it was necessary to make the saw go around the number of times of grinding. In the present invention, since the control is NC, it is possible to continuously perform a plurality of grindings on one saw tooth, and perform a plurality of grindings on each saw tooth in one rotation. An operation of regenerating a sawtooth having a predetermined shape can be realized, and the efficiency of the grinding operation can be improved, and the grinding time can be reduced.

According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the band saw is held so that the saw teeth are oriented in the horizontal direction, and the grindstone is moved on a movement trajectory in a horizontal plane to grind the saw teeth. Conventional saw-tooth grinders perform a grinding operation by placing a saw tooth vertically and a heavy grindstone intermittently moving up and down with respect to the saw tooth. For this reason, there is a problem that the vibration of the machine is large, and the weight of the grindstone is large. Was.
In the present invention, these problems can be solved by placing the saw teeth horizontally and moving the grindstone in a horizontal plane.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing a part of an automatic saw-tooth grinder according to an embodiment by phantom lines.

FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a part of the automatic saw-tooth grinder by imaginary lines.

FIG. 3 is a view as viewed from an arrow III in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4A is a plan view of a lifting unit, and FIG. 4B is a front view thereof.

FIG. 5 is a plan view of a saw-tooth clamp portion for explaining operations of a grindstone and a feed claw.

FIG. 6 is a side view showing a clamp state of the band saw as viewed from a saw tooth side.

FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing a control system of the automatic saw tooth grinder.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart for explaining a saw-tooth grinding operation.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a grinding pattern stored in a memory.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Sawtooth automatic grinder 2 Band saw 21 Sawtooth 8 Vibration sensor (detection means) 91 Pattern recognition part (grinding state recognition means) 92 NC control part (control means)

 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Jun Murabayashi 308 Nishinanamicho, Hikone City, Shiga Prefecture Omi Metal Industry Co., Ltd. F-term (reference)

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A saw-tooth automatic grinding machine provided with a grindstone for sawtooth grinding, in which a plurality of sawtooth on a saw are sequentially ground by the grindstone, detecting means for detecting vibration or sound generated at the time of sawtooth grinding. Grinding state recognition means for receiving the output of the detection means and recognizing the grinding state of the saw tooth by the grindstone; and control means for receiving the output of the grinding state recognition means and controlling the sawtooth grinding operation of the grindstone based on the output. An automatic saw-tooth grinder, comprising: 2. The saw tooth automatic grinding machine according to claim 1, wherein at the start of saw tooth grinding, the whetstone is relatively close to the saw tooth, but is generated when the whetstone contacts the saw tooth. The vibration or sound is detected by the detection means, and the detection signal is received by the grinding state recognition means to recognize the position of the saw tooth, and the control means grinds the position of the grindstone when the grinding state recognition means receives the detection signal. An automatic saw-tooth grinding machine characterized in that a saw-tooth grinding operation of a grindstone is controlled as a start position. 3. The automatic saw-tooth grinder according to claim 1, wherein a grinding orbiting operation in which all of the saw teeth on the saw are performed once is performed a plurality of times. While recognizing the end of each grinding orbiting operation based on a change in output from the detecting means, the control means controls the movement trajectory of the grinding wheel so that the grinding wheel approaches the saw tooth in the next grinding orbiting operation after the end of the grinding orbiting operation. Automatic grinding machine characterized by the following. 4. The saw tooth automatic grinding machine according to claim 1, wherein the grinding state recognition means receives an output of the detection means at the time of saw tooth grinding, recognizes a contact state between the grindstone and the saw tooth, and confirms a tooth shape of the saw tooth. Wherein the control means controls the movement trajectory of the grindstone so as to follow the tooth shape of the sawtooth. 5. A saw tooth automatic grinding machine according to claim 1, wherein the grindstone is movable on a predetermined movement locus by a grindstone moving mechanism. An automatic saw-tooth grinder characterized in that a movement locus of a grindstone is controlled by controlling a grindstone moving mechanism by NC control. 6. A saw tooth automatic grinding machine according to claim 1, wherein an object to be ground is a band saw blade, and the band saw is held such that the saw tooth is oriented in a horizontal direction. Holding means, wherein the control means is configured to move the grindstone on a movement trajectory in a horizontal plane so that the saw teeth held by the holding means are ground by a grindstone. Board.