JP2001356921A - Information processor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To quickly allocate released resources to other jobs during execution in an information processor in which plural jobs are executed in parallel. SOLUTION: A resource allocating/releasing means 1a allocates and releases the resources to the job when the job is started and ended. A resource allocation state managing means 1b manages allocation states of the resources to the jobs by the resource allocating/releasing means. A resource empty state informing means 1c informs the jobs of a fact that an empty states of the resources are changed by referring to the resource allocation state managing means 1b when the fact is detected. A resource reallocating means 1e allocates the released resources to the jobs when requests of reallocation of the sources are performed from the jobs.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an information processing apparatus, and more particularly, to an information processing apparatus for processing a plurality of jobs in parallel.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In an information processing apparatus in which a plurality of jobs (hereinafter, appropriately referred to as JOBs) are executed in parallel, for example, an OS (Operating System) manages the use status of resources of each job, and It is common to allocate and release resources accordingly.

[0003]

By the way, when a plurality of jobs are executed in parallel and a certain job is completed and the resources used by the job are released, the released resources become It can be assigned to other jobs.

However, in a conventional information processing apparatus,
The job makes an inquiry to the OS at a predetermined cycle,
If an available resource exists, the allocation request is made, and there is a problem that there is a time lag from the release of the resource to the availability of the resource.

[0005] The present invention has been made in view of such a point, and an object of the present invention is to provide an information processing apparatus capable of quickly assigning unused resources to jobs.

[0006]

According to the present invention, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, in an information processing apparatus 1 for processing a plurality of jobs #A to #D shown in FIG. See resource allocation / release means 1a for allocating and releasing resources to jobs, resource allocation status management means 1b for managing the status of resource allocation to jobs by resource allocation / release means 1a, and resource allocation status management means 1b. Then, when it is detected that the availability of resources has changed, an information processing apparatus is provided, which comprises resource availability notification means 1c for notifying the job of the change.

Here, the resource allocation / release means 1a comprises:
Allocate and release resources for a job when the job starts and ends. The resource allocation status management means 1b manages the status of resource allocation to jobs by the resource allocation / release means 1a. The resource availability status notifying means 1c refers to the resource allocation status management means 1b,
When the change of the resource availability is detected, the job is notified to that effect.

[0008]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a principle diagram for explaining the operation principle of the present invention. As shown in this figure, the information processing apparatus 1 of the present invention comprises a resource allocation / release means 1a, a resource allocation status management means 1b, a resource availability status notification means 1c, an available resource notification means 1d, and a resource reallocation means. 1e, and a plurality of jobs #A to #D
Manage resource allocation for.

Here, the resource allocation / release means 1a comprises:
Allocate and release resources for a job when the job starts and ends. The resource allocation status management means 1b manages the status of resource allocation to each job by the resource allocation / release means 1a.

[0010] The resource availability status notifying means 1c refers to the resource allocation status management means 1b and, when the resource availability status changes, notifies the job to that effect. The resource re-allocation unit 1e re-allocates the resources when the job has made a resource re-acquisition request as a result of the notification from the resource availability status notification unit 1c.

Next, the operation of the above principle diagram will be described. Now, assuming that the job #D is newly activated and the execution is started, the job #D issues a resource acquisition request to the information processing apparatus 1 in order to acquire resources required for execution.

In the information processing apparatus 1, the resource allocation / release means 1a receives the request,
b, the resource allocation status is inquired, and allocatable resources are allocated to job #D. As a result, job #D can execute processing using the allocated resources. At this time, the resource allocation status management means 1b additionally writes the resource allocation status for the job #D.

In such a situation, for example, when the job #C has completed the processing, the job #C requests the resource allocation / release means 1a to release its own acquired resources. . As a result, the resource allocation / release means 1a releases the resources allocated to the job #C and causes the resource allocation status management means 1b to record that the resource has been released.

When detecting that the allocated resources have been reduced, the resource availability status notifying means 1c notifies the job being executed that the availability status of the resources has changed. As a result, the jobs #A, #B, and #D recognize the change in the resource availability.

Job # that has recognized a change in the free space of the resource
A, #B, and #D judge the current processing status of their own processes, determine whether it is useful to reacquire resources, and if it is determined that they are useful, use them. The available resource notifying means 1d is inquired about the amount of resources that can be obtained.

For example, if it is determined that reacquisition of resources is useful for jobs #A and #D,
From #D, an inquiry is made to the available resource notifying means 1d. The available resource notifying unit 1d stores the type of the inquired job, and determines and notifies, for example, a resource distribution amount from a job with a high priority.

When the jobs #A and #D determine that the notified resource allocation is satisfactory, they request the resource reallocating means 1e to reallocate resources. For example, if it is determined that the jobs #A and #D are satisfied with the notified resource allocation amounts, the resource re-allocation unit 1e is notified of the fact and the requested amount of resources is additionally allocated. Will be done.

Jobs #A and #D whose resources have been reallocated
The execution speed of the CPU is increased by improving the usage rate of the CPU and the memory. As described above, according to the information processing device 1 according to the present invention,
When the free space of the resource increases due to the release of the resource or the like, the job is notified to that effect, and the resource is reallocated as necessary. As a result, the job does not need to constantly monitor for the occurrence of a resource vacancy.
It is possible to improve the processing speed.

Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of the embodiment of the present invention. As shown in this figure, the information processing apparatus of the present invention is configured by mutually connecting processor elements PE # 1 to PE # 4 by a bus B.

FIG. 3 shows a configuration example of the processor element. As shown in this figure, a processor element 10 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 10
a, ROM (Read Only Memory) 10b, RAM (Rand
om Access Memory) 10c, HDD (Hard Disk Driv)
e) 10d, GC (Graphics Card) 10e, I / F (In
A display device 11 and an input device 12 are connected to the outside of the device 10f and a bus 10g.

The CPU 10a controls the entire apparatus and executes various arithmetic processes according to an application program stored in the HDD 10d. The ROM 10b has a CP
It stores basic programs and data executed by U10a.

The RAM 10c temporarily stores programs and data to be executed when the CPU 10a executes various processes. The HDD 10d stores application programs executed by the CPU 10a, data, and the like.

The GC 10e executes a drawing process in accordance with a drawing command supplied from the CPU 10a, converts an obtained image into a corresponding video signal, and outputs it. The I / F 10f is configured by, for example, a USB (Universal Serial Bus) or the like, and appropriately converts the expression format of data input from the input device 12.

The bus 10g includes a CPU 10a, a ROM 10
b, the RAM 10c, the HDD 10d, the GC 10e, and the I / F 10f are interconnected, and information can be exchanged among them.

The display device 11 is a CRT (Cathode Ray Tu)
be) It is composed of a monitor or the like, and converts a video signal output from the GC 10e into a corresponding image and outputs it. The input device 12 includes, for example, a keyboard or a mouse, and generates and outputs information according to a user operation.

By the way, the processor element PE # 1
To # 4 are controlled by the operating system OS. This is shown in FIG. The information processing device SYS includes a hardware HW including a processor element PE # 1 to PE # 4, a bus B, and the like, and an operating system OS. The operating system OS is hardware H
Processor elements PE # 1 to PE # 4 constituting W
Is controlling. This diagram is a conceptual diagram for illustrating the relationship between the hardware HW and the operating system OS, and various patterns are conceivable for the actual implementation.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of a part (hereinafter, referred to as a job management unit) related to job management of the operating system OS. As shown in this figure,
The job management unit 30 includes a communication processing unit 30a, a resource usage monitoring unit 30b, a resource reacquisition unit 30c, and a resource acquisition unit 30.
d, resource release unit 30e, and resource management table 30
f.

Here, the communication processing unit 30a exchanges information with a job executed by each of the processor elements PE # 1 to PE # 4. Resource usage monitoring unit 30b
Monitors the usage of resources used by currently running jobs.

The resource reacquisition unit 30c reacquires and supplies the resource to the currently executing job when the resource is released due to the end of the job. The resource acquisition unit 30d acquires and provides resources when a new job is started.

The resource release unit 30e releases resources used by the job when the job is completed. The resource management table 30f manages resources currently used by each job.

Next, the operation of the above embodiment will be described. Now, the processor elements PE # 1 to PE #
4, assume that jobs #A to #C are being executed. FIG. 6A is a diagram showing the usage rate of the processor of each processor element for each job. As shown in this figure, the job #A includes the processor element PE #
One processor such as one CPU (hereinafter, processors of processor elements PE # 1 to PE # 4 are referred to as processors # 1 to # 4) is used 100%, and processor # 2 is used 50%. Job #B uses 50% of processor # 2 and 100% of processor # 3,
Job #C uses 100% of processor # 4.

FIG. 6B is a diagram showing a usage rate of a memory such as a RAM of each processor element for each job. As shown in this figure, the job #A stores the memory of the processor element PE # 1 (hereinafter, the memory of each of the processor elements PE # 1 to PE # 4 in the memory # 1).
~ # 4) is used 100% and memory # 2 is used 60%
I'm using Job #B uses 40% of memory # 2.
Job #C uses memory # 3
Are used 30% and the memory # 4 is used 100%.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of a resource management table corresponding to the job execution form shown in FIG. As shown in this figure, the resource management table manages the processor used by each processor element of each currently executed job in each processor element in association with the memory usage rate. For example, the job #A is the processor element # 1
Processor 100% and memory 100MB (Mega B
yte) and uses 50% of the processor of the processor element PE # 2 and 60 MB of memory.

Note that “notification reservation” on the right end of the figure indicates whether or not to notify the occurrence of a resource vacancy due to the completion of another job, and “necessary” indicates the notification. Indicates that it is necessary, and “unnecessary” indicates that it is unnecessary. This information is set by a report from the job when the job is started.

In such an execution state, job #B
Is completed, the job #B requests the resource release unit 30e to release the resources. As a result, the resource release unit 30e releases the resources used by the job #B and rewrites the corresponding part of the resource management table 30f. FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a state of the processor and the memory after releasing the resources. As shown in FIG.
When job #B ends, processor # 2 and processor #
A space is created for 3. Further, as shown in FIG. 8B, a space is generated in the memory # 2 and the memory # 3.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an example of the resource management table corresponding to FIG. In this example, the content corresponding to job #B has been deleted compared to the case of FIG. When a vacant state occurs in the resource as described above, the resource use state monitoring unit 30b detects this, and determines whether a job that is currently being executed and for which the notification reservation in the resource management table is set to “necessary” is performed. To notify that resources are available. In the present example, the currently running job is job #A
And job #C, both of which are required
, The resource usage monitoring unit 30b
Via the communication processing unit 30a, the job #A and the job #C are notified that the resource is available.

When the job #A and the job #C having received such a notification need to acquire a new resource,
The resource use status monitoring unit 30b is inquired of the resource availability status. If both jobs #A and #C need to acquire resources, these jobs make an inquiry about the availability.

The resource use status monitor 30b notifies each job of the resource availability. In the present example, processor # 2 is 50%, processor # 3 is 100%, memory # 2
Notifies the job #A and the job #C that the memory # 3 is available for 40 MB and the memory # 3 is available for 70 MB.

Instead of directly transmitting the currently available resources to the job, the distribution amount of the resources may be determined in advance according to the priority of the job or the like, and the distribution amount may be notified. According to such a configuration, when the resource reacquisition request is congested, the resources can be distributed according to the priority of the job. Alternatively, each job may be notified of the amount obtained by equally dividing the currently available resource amount according to the number of requested jobs.

The job that has been notified of the currently available resource amount determines whether or not acquiring the notified amount of new resources is beneficial to itself. If it is determined that the resource is useful, the resource reacquisition unit 30c is requested to reacquire the resource according to the availability.

For example, job #A sets processor # 2 to 5
0%, memory # 2 40% and memory # 3 20%
If the job #C requests to acquire the processor # 3 100% and the memory # 3 50% newly, the job re-acquisition unit 30c
Will be notified.

The resource reacquisition unit 30c reacquires the requested amount of resources and supplies them to job #A and job #C, respectively. As a result, the job #A newly acquires the processor # 2 by 50% as shown in FIG.
As shown in (B), 40% of memory # 2 and memory # 3
20% new. The job #C is the job #C shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 10A, 100% of the processor # 3 is newly acquired, and as shown in FIG.
% New to win.

FIG. 11 shows the state after reacquiring a new resource.
4 shows an example of a resource management table. In this example, the job #A uses 100% of the processor # 1 and the processor # 2 respectively, and the memories # 1, # 2, and # 3
Are used in 100 MB, 100 MB and 20 MB, respectively. The job #C uses 100% of the processor # 3 and the processor # 4 respectively, and the job #C uses the memory #
80 and 100 MB are used for # 3 and # 4, respectively.

According to the above processing, when the resources are released, the fact is notified to the currently executing job, and when the job makes a resource reacquisition request, the resources are reacquired. Resource, the resources can be quickly redistributed to the jobs, so that the execution speed of the entire system can be improved.

Next, a flowchart for realizing the above functions will be described. FIG. 12 is a flowchart illustrating an example of processing executed on the job side. This flowchart is executed when a job is started. When this flowchart is started, the following processing is executed. [S1] The job inquires of the resource availability monitoring unit 30b about the availability of resources. [S2] The job makes a resource acquisition request to the resource acquisition unit 30d according to the availability.

[S3] If a resource becomes available, the job determines whether or not to reacquire the resource. If so, the process proceeds to step S4; otherwise, the job proceeds to step S4. Proceed to S5.

For example, if a job requires a great deal of memory and processor power, it is advantageous to reacquire resources. In that case, it is determined that reacquisition is performed. Then, the process proceeds to step S4. [S4] The job requests the resource reacquisition unit 30c and sets "notification reservation" to "necessary" in the resource management table.

[S5] The job is its own processing (job)
Execute [S6] The job determines whether or not there is a notification from the resource usage monitoring unit 30b that a resource is available. If there is a free space, the process proceeds to step S7; otherwise, the process proceeds to step S8. Proceed to.

[S7] The job executes "resource reacquisition processing" for reacquiring resources. The details of this processing will be described later with reference to FIG. [S8] The job determines whether or not the processing has been completed. If not completed, the process returns to step S5; otherwise, the process proceeds to step S9. [S9] The job releases the resource release unit 3
Requests the release of resources to 0e.

Next, the "resource reacquisition process" shown in step S7 in FIG. 12 will be described in detail with reference to FIG. When this flowchart is started, the following processing is executed. [S20] The job inquires of the resource usage monitoring unit 30b about the availability of resources.

As a result, the resource usage monitoring unit 30b notifies the resource amount that can be reacquired now. [S21] The job determines whether it is beneficial to acquire the notified amount of resources. If it is, the job proceeds to step S22. Otherwise, the process returns to the original process. [S22] The job sends a resource reacquisition request to the resource reacquisition unit 30c according to the availability.

Next, referring to FIG.
An example of a process executed when 0 acquires and releases a resource will be described. When this flowchart is started, the following processing is executed. [S40] The resource acquisition unit 30d determines whether a resource acquisition request has been made from the job. If the request has been made, the process proceeds to step S41; otherwise, the process proceeds to step S44.

[S41] The resource acquisition unit 30d refers to the resource management table 30f to check the resource availability. [S42] If the requested resource is free, the resource acquiring unit 30d allocates the resource to the requested job. [S43] The resource acquisition unit 30d sets the resource management table 30
f is updated, and the newly allocated resource and the job to which the resource is allocated are stored in association with each other.

[S44] The resource release unit 30e determines whether or not a resource release request has been made from the job. If the request has been made, the process proceeds to step S45, otherwise the process ends. [S45] The resource release unit 30e releases the requested resource.

[S46] The resource release unit 30e deletes information on the released resources from the resource management table 30f. Then, the resource use monitoring unit 30b refers to the resource management table 30f to detect that a free space has occurred in the resource, and notifies the job being executed of that fact.

Next, referring to FIG.
An example of a process executed when 0 performs the resource reacquisition process will be described. This flowchart is a process executed when the job is notified of the availability of the resource in step S46 of FIG. 14, and as a result, the job makes an inquiry about the availability of the resource (step S20 of FIG. 13). When this flowchart is started, the following processing is executed.

[S60] The resource use monitoring unit 30b
The resource availability is acquired from the resource management table 30f. [S61] The resource usage monitoring unit 30b notifies the currently executing job of the resource availability.

[S62] The resource reacquisition unit 30c determines whether or not a resource reacquisition request has been made from the job. If a request has been made, the process proceeds to step S63; otherwise, the process ends. I do. [S63] The resource reacquisition unit 30c provides a free resource to the requested job.

[S64] The resource reacquisition unit 30c updates the resource management table 30f according to the newly provided resources. According to the above-described processing, when a resource vacancy occurs, a notification is made to the job that has made the notification reservation,
When a job requests re-acquisition of a resource, the resource is provided, so that the performance of the entire system can be improved by quickly reusing the unused resource.

In the above embodiment, a system having a plurality of processor elements has been described as an example. However, the present invention is not limited to such a case, and may be applied to a case where there is only one processor element. Is also feasible.

Further, in the above embodiment, the job shares the processor element, but it goes without saying that the job may occupy the processor element.

Further, when resources are requested to be reacquired from a plurality of jobs, resources may be allocated according to the priority of each job, the processing start time, and the like.

Finally, the above processing functions can be realized by a computer. In this case, the processing contents of the functions that the information processing apparatus should have are described in a program recorded on a computer-readable recording medium, and the above processing is realized by the computer by executing the program on the computer. Is done. Examples of the computer-readable recording medium include a magnetic recording device and a semiconductor memory. When distributing to the market,
The program is stored and distributed in a portable recording medium such as a CD-ROM (Compact Disk Read Only Memory) or a floppy (registered trademark) disk, or stored in a storage device of a computer connected via a network. It can also be transferred to other computers over a network. When the program is executed by the computer, the program is stored in a hard disk device or the like in the computer, and is loaded into the main memory and executed.

(Supplementary Note 1) In an information processing apparatus for processing a plurality of jobs, a resource allocating / releasing means for allocating and releasing resources to the job at the time of starting and ending the job; Resource allocation status management means for managing the allocation status of resources to the job, and, when the resource availability status is detected with reference to the resource allocation status management means, notify the job to that effect. An information processing apparatus, comprising:

(Supplementary Note 2) The information processing apparatus according to Supplementary Note 1, wherein the resource vacancy status notifying unit notifies the resource vacancy status only to a job that has previously requested.

(Supplementary Note 3) As a result of the notification from the resource availability status notifying means, when an inquiry about the availability status is made from the job, an available resource notifying means for notifying information on available resources is further provided. An information processing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that:

(Supplementary Note 4) A supplementary feature characterized by further comprising a resource re-assignment means for re-assigning resources when the job makes a resource re-acquisition request as a result of the notification from the resource availability status notifying means. The information processing apparatus according to claim 1.

(Supplementary Note 5) The resource reallocation means includes:
4. The information processing apparatus according to claim 4, wherein when a plurality of jobs request reacquisition of resources, the resources are reallocated according to the priority of the jobs.

(Supplementary Note 6) In a computer-readable recording medium on which a program for managing an information processing apparatus for processing a plurality of jobs is recorded, the computer is configured to allocate and release resources to the job when the job starts and ends. Resource allocation / release means for performing, resource allocation status management means for managing the status of resource allocation to a job by the resource allocation / release means,
When a change in the resource availability is detected by referring to the resource allocation status management means, a computer-readable recording of a program that functions as resource availability notification means for notifying the job of the change is detected. Possible recording medium.

[0070]

As described above, according to the present invention, in an information processing apparatus for processing a plurality of jobs, a resource allocating / releasing means for allocating and releasing resources to a job at the time of starting and ending the job, Resource allocation status management means for managing the allocation status of resources to the job by the allocation / release means, and referring to the resource allocation status management means, when it is detected that the availability of resources has changed, the Resource free status notifying means for notifying that fact, so that when resources are released, it is possible to quickly redistribute the running jobs.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a principle diagram for explaining the operation principle of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a detailed configuration example of a processor element shown in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a relationship between a processor element and an operating system.

FIG. 5 is a functional block diagram illustrating a configuration example of a job management unit of the operating system.

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a usage state of a processor and a memory of a processor element.

FIG. 7 is an example of a resource management table corresponding to FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a state when job #B is completed in FIG. 6;

FIG. 9 is an example of a resource management table corresponding to FIG.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a state after jobs #A and #C have redistributed processors and memories.

FIG. 11 is an example of a resource management table corresponding to FIG. 10;

FIG. 12 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a process performed in each job.

FIG. 13 is a flowchart showing details of a resource reacquisition process shown in FIG. 12;

FIG. 14 is a flowchart illustrating an example of processing executed when a job management unit acquires and releases resources.

FIG. 15 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a process performed when a job management unit reacquires resources.

[Explanation of symbols]

 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 information processing device 1a resource allocation / release means 1b resource allocation status management means 1c resource availability status notification means 1d available resource notification means 1e resource reallocation means 2 job 10 processor element 10a CPU 10b ROM 10c RAM 10d HDD 10e GC 10f I / F 11 display device 12 input device 30 job management unit 30a communication processing unit 30b resource usage monitoring unit 30c resource reacquisition unit 30d resource acquisition unit 30e resource release unit 30f resource management table

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. An information processing apparatus for processing a plurality of jobs, comprising: a resource allocating / releasing means for allocating and releasing resources to the job at the time of starting and ending the job; A resource allocation status management means for managing a resource allocation status; and a resource for notifying the job of detecting a change in the resource availability status with reference to the resource allocation status management means. An information processing apparatus comprising: a vacancy status notification unit. 2. The information processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the resource availability notification unit notifies the resource availability only to a job that has been requested in advance. 3. The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising an available resource notifying unit for notifying information on an available resource when the job is inquired of an available state as a result of the notification by the resource available state notifying unit. Claim 1
An information processing apparatus according to claim 1. 4. As a result of the notification from the resource availability status notifying means, when the job has made a resource reacquisition request,
2. The information processing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a resource reallocation unit that reallocates resources. 5. A computer-readable recording medium in which a program for managing an information processing apparatus for processing a plurality of jobs is recorded, wherein the computer allocates and releases resources to the job when the job starts and ends. Resource allocation / release means; resource allocation status management means for managing the allocation status of resources to jobs by the resource allocation / release means; and detecting change in resource availability by referring to the resource allocation status management means. A computer readable recording medium storing a program functioning as a resource availability notification means for notifying the job when the job is completed.