JP2001353429A - Method for producing microporous membrane made of plant waste as main raw material - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for producing a novel filter utilizing waste plant material. SOLUTION: This method for producing porous filter is constituted in such a manner that bean-curd refuse, sawdust, waste paper and chaff are used as the main raw material, water is added to an oxidation reagent or a binder, a kneaded matter is prepared, thereafter, the kneaded matter is immediately charged into high temperature and pressure equipment, a prescribed heat and pressure are applied while cabonizing the kneaded matter and the cabonized kneaded matter is cooled after the application of heat and pressure is completed.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001] The present invention relates to the production of a fine porous membrane from activated carbon using tofu, coffee, beer squeezed cake, okara or wood powder, waste paper, rice husk, etc. as main raw materials.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Tofu, coffee, beer pomace, okara and wood flour, waste paper, rice husk, etc. are burned to use ashes and fertilizers. It is only used for environmental protection, and there is no technology for a specific application.

[0003]

The above-mentioned tofu, coffee, beer pomace, okara and wood powder, waste paper, rice husk, etc. have no use. Treated and treated as industrial waste. It has been found that a better raw material can be produced using the waste itself, and the above-mentioned waste is carbonized, and the type of the component of the carbide is changed to reduce the pore size to 1.
It is an issue to manufacture various films controlled in the range of 0um to solve the use of the above materials.

[0004]

For the purpose and application of manufacturing a film before the means for solving the problem, if it is possible to manufacture a film controlled in the range of 1.0 μm from the above carbide, 1. With a 0 um size membrane, researchers can study the world by desperately trying to create an ideal molecular sieving membrane because it can be separated by the size of the molecule.
A small, uniform and complete membrane (the size of a fine mesh is about the same as a 1um molecule) is required. There is currently no way to make such a membrane. As applications that use Once there, eg, also be used for separation membranes of NO ₂ and particulates emitted from diesel vehicles car other than the separation of carbon dioxide and water蒸素(particularly black smoke particles), which is also urgently solved Is one of the issues that are urgent.

[0005] In some countries, research on molecular sieve membranes has been focused on organic polymer membranes. However, even if it is possible, organic substances have a soft intermolecular bond and perform molecular motion (micro-Brownian motion). In the case of ultra-fine pores before and after, there is a drawback that the pores are blocked by this molecular motion, but the material is inorganic activated carbon, which has strong molecular bonds and ultra-fine pores. Demonstrates characteristics such as having a remarkable amount of transmission compared to materials. By successfully manufacturing an inorganic film with activated carbon, the film has excellent film-forming properties and can be easily sealed by a technique such as fusion.

[0006] The main raw materials such as okara, oysters, wood powder, waste paper, rice hulls and the like are adjusted to pH by adding hydrogen peroxide, water and a binder as an oxidizing reactant. The kneaded material is put into the cylinder of the device and heated. The energy may be increased by an electric heater, and the temperature may be controlled by a sensor. The target temperature may be a sensor, but the carbide in the cylinder is raised to a temperature of 800 to 900 ° C., and once the temperature is raised, the temperature is stopped by the sensor. After confirming that the switch (breaker) stops, press the carbide with the piston of the device and apply pressure for several seconds at a pressure of 5 to 50 atm. It may be taken out at 10 to 20 ° C higher than the ambient temperature, or taken out at room temperature. It may be washed with water to obtain a fine porous membrane filter product.

The oxidation reactant of the present invention may be potassium hydroxide, hydrogen peroxide or silica (SIO ₂ ), and one of them is used. In addition, any one of sodium alkinate and lignin of wood-based oil may be used as the binder, and O ₂ and N ₂ may be used as the gas.

When the above kneaded material is heated, the oxidizing agent reacts with dehydration to generate potassium hydroxide and water, and water (steam) reacts with carbon to form carbon monoxide. It is consumed and becomes activated carbon, at which time the microporosity increases. Further, at this time, the gas (potassium hydroxide) released to the atmosphere becomes harmless gas by finally becoming potassium carbonate.

The characteristics of the product obtained by the above means include:
Molecules smaller than the pore diameter (porous material) can be adsorbed, but large molecules cannot. It is possible to exhibit the effect of the molecular sieve membrane of the present invention. I was sorry.

[0010]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION A kneaded material is obtained from the above-mentioned raw materials and the like, a reactant, a binder, and water, and the kneaded material is placed in a cylinder of a high-temperature, high-pressure apparatus, heated to 800 ° C., and carbonized. In the meantime, a pressure of 5 atm is applied by the piston, and after confirming the target temperature and the pressure, the power supply is turned off and the temperature is lowered, whereby the product becomes a fine porous sieve.

[0011]

Embodiment 1 1. Main material, coffee grounds, okara water 80% 500g 2. Potassium hydroxide (86% content) water-soluble 500 g _3. Silica (SIO ₂ 99%) 10 g Mineral aqueous solution 5. The material for kneading 1 + 2 + 3 was used. 6. Using a high-temperature, high-pressure apparatus 3l, put the material 4 into a cylinder of the apparatus, heat it at a temperature of 700 ° C for 40 minutes, and turn off the heater power. At that time, a pressure of 5
Add atmospheric pressure. When pressure is applied, the valve is opened sequentially from a 15-degree angle and fully opened by hand in 5 to 10 minutes. Products were removed at ambient temperature.

Example 2 In addition, the same experiment as in Example 1 was carried out for squeezed cake of two kinds of raw materials (tofu and beer). The results were the same as in Example 1.

Embodiment 3 1. 1. Main material, wood flour, used paper, rice husk, 20% moisture, 500 g 2. 150 g of potassium hydroxide (containing 86%) 3. Alkynic acid 350 g 4. Aqueous binder mineral solution A mixture of 10 g of water and the above materials 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 was used. Hereinafter, the same operation as in Example 1 was performed, and the same result as in Example 1 was obtained.

Example 4 Example device glass, diameter 25 ^m / _m , length 1
A 10 ^m / _m , T type was used. The left direction valve of the product of the present invention used a cylindrical shape having a diameter of 22 ^m / _m and a length of 100 ^m / _m . On the other hand, the right-hand valve uses a conventional Bincho charcoal with a diameter of 2
Used for 2 ^m / _m cylindrical, 100 ^m / _m long,
A device that allowed smoke to flow from a tube of 20 ^m / _m × 50 mm from the lower part of T was used. T-type device, smoke wasted from the lower part of T. Conventionally, Bincho charcoal on the city was installed in the right direction, and activated carbon filter of waste material of the invention was installed in the left direction.
Shown in

[Table 1]

[0012]

As described above, the conventional Bincho charcoal has a large molecule and can be separated into a large one and a small one, but no small smoke (gas). The difference in specific gravity of the substance is based on the fact that the substance cannot pass through a filter having small-sized pores. For example, the size of the molecule of normal butane is 0.49 nm, and the molecular weight of isobutane is 0.4%.
56 nm. Thus, pore sizes between powder sizes, for example, normal butane and isobutane can be separated. Therefore, it is difficult to separate the molecular sizes of carbon dioxide, nitrogen and oxygen. As a characteristic of the activated carbon filter of the invention, it has been confirmed that molecules smaller than the pore diameter are adsorbed, which means that large smoke (gas) bodies are not adsorbed, in other words, molecular sieve ( (Filter) action. In the future, we will develop (examine) the evaluation of the pore structure and the utilization method that makes use of the characteristics of high surface area activated carbon instead of simply replacing ordinary activated carbon.

I am convinced that this technology can greatly contribute to society by using it as industrial waste, waste material or activated carbon.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the steps of an embodiment of the present invention. 1. Mixing and kneading line for main raw materials. 2. The kneaded material is formed (dango-shaped). 3. High temperature and high pressure are used and 2 is put in it. 4. Confirm the purpose of heating and pressurization, temperature and pressure. 5. Open the burb of device 5. 6 Take out the product from the device 5 (activated carbon filter).

Continued on front page F term (reference) 4D006 GA41 KE16Q KE16R MA22 MB03 MC05X NA05 NA39 NA62 PB64 PB65 PC80 4D012 BA01 CA01 CA03 CA15 CG05 4G066 AA04B BA03 BA23 CA28 CA35 CA43 DA01 DA02 EA09 FA03 FA20 FA23

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A method for producing a microporous membrane using tofu, coffee, beer pomace, okara and wood stalks, waste paper, and rice husk as main raw materials. 2. The method of claim 1. The water content of the main raw material is adjusted, and an oxidation reactant, a binder, and water are added to the mixture to give an ultra-high frequency wave and knead the mixture to obtain a gelled product. A method for producing a porous film. (3) Claim 1.2. By applying high temperature and high gas pressure to the production of microporous materials, it is possible to control the size and size of the microporous membrane in various ways and change the separation characteristics. A method for producing a fine porous film.