JP2001350292A - Toner for flash fixing - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a toner for flash fixing and a developer, and a device and method for image formation by using the developer which solves problems of image formation using a two-component developer containing a toner and a carrier, which shows high resolution and image density and good fixing property under the condition of low flash energy, and which is excellent in the characteristics against voids, storage stability and blocking characteristics. SOLUTION: In the toner for flash fixing containing at least a binder resin and coloring agent particles, the softening point Tm( deg.C) by a flow tester and the weight average particle size d (μm) of the toner satisfy the inequalities of 97<=Tm<=-1.1d+119 and 6<=d<=13.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a developing powder (hereinafter referred to as "toner (particle)") for developing an electrostatic latent image in electrophotography, and more particularly to a laser beam for flash-fixing a printing medium at high speed. The present invention relates to an electrophotographic toner, a developer, and an image forming apparatus and method suitable for a printer or an LED printer.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Electrophotography includes a charging step of applying a uniform electrostatic charge to a photoreceptor using a photoconductive substance, an exposure step of irradiating light to form an electrostatic latent image, and a latent image. A developing step of electrostatically attaching toner to the portion, a transferring step of transferring the toner image to a toner image support, a fixing step of fixing the toner image to the toner image support by pressure, heat, flash light, or the like, and a fixing step of remaining on the photoreceptor. A cleaning step for removing the untransferred toner and a charge removing step for removing the electrostatic charge on the photoreceptor and returning it to an initial state are performed, and these steps are repeated to obtain an image.

The above-described image forming methods can be broadly classified into a two-component developing method using a developer composed of toner particles and carrier particles and a one-component developing method using a developer composed only of toner particles.

In the two-component developing method, the toner and carrier triboelectrically charged to an appropriate amount by stirring and mixing in a developing device in advance are adsorbed on a developing roll or a sleeve roll, and then the charged toner is removed. The development is performed by transferring the image onto an electrostatic latent image on a photosensitive drum. Here, the two-component developing method can be further divided into a magnetic brush method using a magnetic carrier such as iron powder and a cascade method using a non-magnetic carrier such as glass beads. The brush method has become mainstream.

The magnetic brush method uses a developing roll having magnetism, attracts a carrier (and toner charged thereto) by a magnetic force, and further causes the toner and the carrier to stand on a line of magnetic force formed by the developing roll (magnetic brush). Phenomenon), the toner is transferred onto the electrostatic latent image by bringing the ear into contact with or approaching the photosensitive drum.

As a carrier used in the two-component developing method, a resin carrier in which a magnetic fine powder is dispersed in a binder resin in addition to a magnetic powder such as an iron powder and a ferrite powder has been proposed (JP-A-10-10788). Reference). This resin carrier has a lower magnetic force than iron powder or the like, and can soften the ears of the magnetic brush, so that it is excellent in terms of print quality and load applied to the photoreceptor.

As a toner used in the two-component developing method, a non-magnetic toner has been conventionally used. However, from the viewpoint of preventing toner scattering from a developing roll, etc.
A magnetic toner in which a magnetic fine powder is dispersed in a binder resin has also been used (see Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-190911 and Japanese Patent Application No. 11-067457 filed by the present applicant).

[0008]

At present, as a typical fixing method in an electrophotographic process, there are a heat roller fixing method and a flash light fixing method. The heat roller fixing method is widely used because of its simplicity and good fixing property (thermal efficiency). However, since this method is a method in which an unfixed material is brought into contact with a heat roller at a fixing portion and fixed, it has a disadvantage that it is difficult to fix thick paper, thin paper, or a material having poor flatness. ing. Further, a preheating time for heating the heat roller is required. On the other hand, the flash fixing method has a low thermal efficiency and requires a relatively large power supply, but has a large degree of freedom in the form of the fixed material and does not require a preheating time. In the flash fixing method having such advantages, the need for a low-energy fixing technique for suppressing the power consumption required for fixing has been required from the viewpoint of protection of the global environment.

In the flash fixing method, the toner is fixed by absorbing the flash light, melting the toner by heating, and penetrating the fibers of the paper, and then cooling and solidifying the toner. Therefore, for low energy fixing, it is required that the softening point of the toner is sufficiently low and that the light absorption efficiency is high.

In order to lower the softening point of the toner, for example, it has been proposed to reduce the molecular weight of the binder resin or to use a linear polymer such as a linear polyester, but the melt viscosity is excessively lowered during fixing. As a result, a so-called void defect (crater-like defect on the toner fixed image) occurs. Also, when the softening point of the binder resin is lowered, the glass transition temperature of the toner tends to decrease at the same time, so that the storage stability of the toner deteriorates and the toner adheres to the carrier in the developing device during long-term printing. So-called spent tends to occur.
In particular, when used in a high-speed machine having a high process speed, spent is more likely to occur, and further, aggregates of the developer are formed in the developing device, which may greatly impair the print quality.

Further, there has been proposed a method using a blend polymer of a high molecular weight component and a low molecular weight component as a binder resin. However, for low process speeds, fixability,
Although fixing energy can be reduced to some extent while satisfying void resistance and storage characteristics, a significant reduction in energy has not been achieved with a high-speed machine having a high process speed.

The present invention solves the above-mentioned problem in image formation using a two-component developer containing toner particles and carrier particles, and has a good fixability under low energy conditions even at a high process speed. Yes, void resistance,
It is an object of the present invention to provide a flash fixing toner and a developer having excellent storage stability and developer aggregation characteristics, and an image forming apparatus and a method using the same.

[0013]

According to the present invention, in a flash fixing toner composed of at least a binder resin and colorant particles, the flow tester softening point Tm and the weight average particle diameter d of the toner particles are set to appropriate values. It is a technical idea to realize low-energy flash fixing by using a toner restricted in accordance with the following standards.

According to the present invention, there is provided a toner containing at least a binder resin and colorant particles.
(° C.) and a weight average particle diameter d (μm) satisfying the following formula:

97 ≦ Tm ≦ −1.1d + 1196 ≦ d ≦ 13 According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the melt viscosity η _{100 at} 100 ° C. is 5 × 10 ³ (Pa · s) or more. A flash fixing toner is provided.

Further, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention,
A flash fixing toner having a glass transition temperature Tg of 59 ° C. or higher is provided.

Further, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention,
The binder resin is a mixture of a cross-linked polyester resin and a linear polyester resin, thereby providing a flash fixing toner.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a two-component electrophotographic developer comprising at least a toner and carrier particles having a volume average diameter of 40 to 70 μm.

Further, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention,
The carrier is a resin-dispersed carrier composed of at least a magnetic substance and a binder resin, and a two-component developer for electrophotography is provided.

According to another aspect of the present invention, a photoreceptor having an electrostatic latent image formed on the surface thereof and a developing roll are provided therein.
A developing device that accommodates a developer containing toner particles and carrier particles and supplies the toner particles to the surface of the photoconductor via the developing roll to form a toner image; Transfer means for transferring the transferred toner image to a recording medium, and fixing means for fixing the toner image transferred to the recording medium, wherein the developing device uses the developer described in the preceding item as a developer. Is provided.

According to another aspect of the present invention, an electrostatic latent image is formed on the surface of a photoreceptor, and the developer according to claim 4 or 5 is charged on the surface of the photoreceptor via a developing roll. The toner particles are supplied by contacting or approaching the latent image to form a toner image, the toner image formed on the photoconductor is transferred to a recording medium, and the toner image transferred to the recording medium is recorded. There is provided an image forming method characterized by fixing to a medium.

[0022]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The two-component developer for electrophotography according to the present invention has a constitution containing at least toner particles and carrier particles.

The toner particles of the present invention need only contain a coloring agent and a binder resin described later in detail, and may further contain a magnetic material, a charge control agent, a wax and the like as appropriate. Further, an external additive may be added (externally added) to the outside of the toner particles in order to adjust the fluidity.

The weight average particle size of the toner particles of the present invention is from 4 to
It is preferably 14 μm, more preferably 6 to 13 μm. When the weight average particle diameter of the toner particles is less than 4 μm, it is difficult to produce the toner particles by the conventional kneading and pulverizing method.
If the product yield is remarkably reduced, and if it exceeds 14 μm, there arises a problem that reproducibility of fine lines is poor. When the weight average particle diameter of the toner particles is less than 6 μm, the inside of the apparatus is easily contaminated by toner scattering.

The weight average particle diameter of the toner particles is measured using Coulter Multisizer II (manufactured by Coulter Inc.). Specifically, 5 mg of the sample was added to a surfactant solution (0.4
(20% by weight of a neutral detergent solution for kitchen), and the solution was subjected to ultrasonic treatment with an ultrasonic disperser for 60 seconds, and then the solution was measured using a 100 μm aperture tube.

As described above, in the present invention, in a flash fixing toner composed of at least a binder resin and colorant particles, the flow tester softening point T
By using a toner whose m and weight average particle diameter d are regulated to appropriate values, flash fixing with low energy can be realized. In general, it has been considered that it is necessary to sufficiently lower the toner softening point and the melt viscosity in order to realize low energy fixing. It has been found that a toner having a relatively high softening point can be satisfactorily fixed under low energy conditions.

The softening point Tm (° C.) and the weight average particle size d (μm) of the toner particles of the present invention satisfy the following conditions.

97 ≦ Tm ≦ −1.1d + 1196 ≦ d ≦ 13 This indicates that the toner having the physical properties included in the shaded area in FIG. 1 has very good fixability. While using one flash fixing rate F ₁ as an index of fixability in the present invention, within the hatched portion of the above F ₁ showed a value of 50% or more. The 1-flash fixing rate F ₁ is a value obtained by the following 1-flash fixing evaluation method, and F ₁ ≧ 50.
In the case of (%), it has been confirmed that practically sufficiently high fixing performance can be obtained when ordinary continuous printing is performed with the flash energy employed in the 1-flash fixing evaluation method.

A method for measuring the softening point Tm of the flash test method, the flow tester softening point Tm and the development amount involved in the flash flash method is described below. <1 Flash fixing evaluation method> 1) Flash fixing type printer (GP-7150HH,
Using 3200 LPM (22.58 cm / sec; manufactured by Toray), the flash fixing device is turned off, and the developing bias (potential difference between the photosensitive drum and the developing roll) 380, 48
A 5.08 cm (2 inch) square solid toner image is printed at 0 and 580 V to obtain an unfixed print sample (printing paper; NIP paper 55 kg series, manufactured by Kobayashi Recording Paper Co., Ltd.).

The amount of development under each developing bias condition is measured by the method described later. 2) The unfixed sample was placed so that a 5.08 cm square solid toner image was located at the center of the fixing device, and the flash voltage was 1700 V (equivalent to about 85% of the rated fixing energy of GP-7150HH. The flash light is turned on once to obtain a fixed sample at about 2.0 J / cm ² . 3) The fixing sample was placed on 10 sheets of printing paper (NIP paper, made of Kobayashi Recording Paper Co., Ltd., 55 kg). 3M Co., Ltd.) lightly, and a brass cylindrical block (diameter 75 mm, thickness 25 mm, weight 926 g) reciprocates 5 times in the circumferential direction at a speed of 2 to 10 cm / s on the tape to fix the tape to the toner image. In close contact. 4) The reflection density (print density) of the solid portion after peeling the tape at a speed of 1 to 2 cm / s is measured, and the reflection density ratio between the tape and the tape before peeling is determined at five points and the average of the five points is obtained. Calculate the fixation rate. (Measurement point: just below the flash lamp (position in the width direction; center) and + 1c in the process direction
m, +2 cm, -1 cm, -2 cm away) Note that a Macbeth reflection densitometer RD-914 is used for the reflection density measurement. The five-point average fixing rate is determined by the following equation. <Five-point average fixing rate> = ｛(reflection density after peeling off tape at first measurement point) / (reflection density at first measurement point) +... + (Fifth
(Reflection density after peeling of tape at measurement point) / (Reflection density at fifth measurement point)｝ × 0.2 × 100 (%) 5) Five-point average fixing of unfixed samples developed under developing bias conditions of 380, 480, and 580 V The ratio was plotted against the development amount measured under each development condition, and the development amount was 0.65.
The fixing rate corresponding to 1 mg / cm ² is defined as 1 flash fixing rate F ₁
And

The above fixing evaluation is an example of the fixing evaluation method. The fixing energy is about 2.0 J / cm ² and the developing amount is 0.5 to 0.8 (mg / cm ² ). Any process can be used as long as the process can be varied, and it is not particularly limited to the above method. <Development amount measurement method> Suction-type small charge amount measurement device Q / M meter Model 210HS (Trek Japan Co., Ltd.)
The toner particles of the unfixed 2-inch square solid toner image printed under the above developing bias conditions are collected by suction, the weight (mg) is measured, and the development amount is calculated by the following equation. <Developed amount> = <weight of toner collected by suction (mg)>
/25.8 (mg / cm ² ) <Method of measuring softening point Tm of flow tester> T in the present invention
For the measurement of m, an elevated flow tester CFT-20 (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation) is used. Specifically, the diameter of the pore of the die is 1 m.
m, length 1 mm, load 10 kg / cm ² , heating rate 2 ° C /
Under the condition of min, 1.8 g of the sample was melted and flown out, and the temperature when the piston moved by １ of the stroke length from the flow start point to the flow end point was defined as Tm. The melt viscosity at 100 ° C., which is determined at the same time, is η ₁₀₀ .

The toner particles of the present invention have a flow tester softening point Tm (° C.) and weight average particle size d (μm) of 97 ≦ Tm.
≦ −1.1d + 119. Tm>-
For 1.1d + 119, 1 flash fixing rate F ₁ 50%
In general, sufficient fixability cannot be obtained in continuous printing. Further, in the case of poor fixability, the toner does not melt and diffuse sufficiently, resulting in a toner image having a large gap, and a sufficient print density cannot be obtained. Here, it is not clear why such an equation is derived, but the smaller the particle size of the toner, the smaller the gap in the toner image before fixing (the better the packing of the toner image) has an effect. It is inferred.

On the other hand, when 97> Tm, the melting viscosity of the toner is extremely reduced during fixing, and crater-like defects (so-called voids) are easily generated in the toner image. And
When the void defect is extremely increased, the contact area between the toner image and the recording medium on which the toner is fixed is reduced, so that the fixing property is deteriorated. Further, the print density also decreases.

The toner of the present invention has a melt viscosity η ₁₀₀ at 100 ° C. of 5 × 10 ³ (Pa · s) or more, more preferably 1 × 10 ³ (Pa · s).
It is preferably at least × 10 ⁴ (Pa · s). η ₁₀₀
In the case of <5 × 10 ^3, the melt viscosity of the toner is extremely reduced during fixing, which tends to cause void defects in the toner image, which may lead to a decrease in print density and a decrease in fixability.

Further, the glass transition temperature T of the toner of the present invention
g is preferably 59 ° C. or higher. If the Tg is less than 59 ° C., the storage stability of the developer which is a mixture with the toner or the carrier is impaired, and the toner or the developer may aggregate in the toner cartridge or the developing device.
Also, during the continuous printing process, an increase in the temperature of the developing device makes it easier for the developer to form aggregates in the developing device. Agglomerates generated in this way are accumulated around the doctor blade that regulates the thickness of the developer layer on the developing roll, which may cause a white streak-like defect in a solid portion of a printed material, that is, a so-called light streak. A further disadvantage of low Tg is the so-called spent in which toner adheres to the carrier in the developing device. In particular, when used in a high-speed machine having a high process speed, spent and aggregates are more likely to be generated.

The glass transition temperature Tg in the present invention is measured by three types of DSC curves of an initial temperature rise (200 ° C. × 5 minutes after the temperature rise), a temperature fall, and a temperature rise again in accordance with ASTM D3418-82. Was measured. Then, an endothermic peak obtained from the reheating curve was adopted as the glass transition point (Tg) of the measured object. The apparatus used was a DSC-50 (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation), a nitrogen flow of 10 ml / min, a heating rate of 5 ° C./min,
The measurement was performed under the measurement conditions of a temperature decreasing rate of 10 ° C./min and a sample amount of 5.0 mg.

Next, the toner composition of the present invention will be described.

As the binder resin contained in the toner of the present invention, for example, the following binder resins can be used. That is, polystyrene homopolymer, styrene-
Isobutylene copolymer, styrene-butadiene copolymer, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, styrene-acryl copolymer, styrene-methyl methacrylate copolymer, styrene-n-butyl methacrylate copolymer, styrene-glycidyl methacrylate copolymer Styrene copolymer such as polymer, acrylic homopolymer or copolymer such as polymethyl methacrylate, polyethyl methacrylate, poly nbutyl methacrylate, polyglycidyl methacrylate, polyethylene terephthalate, fumaric acid / etherified diphenyl polyester, polyvalent Examples include polyester resins such as polyester crosslinked with alcohol and / or polycarboxylic acid, and epoxy resins. Of these, polyester resins are preferred for reducing odor due to thermal decomposition during flash fixing.

The polyester resin used in the toner of the present invention can be produced from a dicarboxylic acid component, a polycarboxylic acid component, a diol component, a polyol component and the like by various methods.

As the dicarboxylic acid component, various benzenedicarboxylic acids, alkyldicarboxylic acids, unsaturated dicarboxylic acids and anhydrides thereof can be used.
For example, terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, orthophthalic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, citraconic acid, glutaconic acid, cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, succinic acid, α-alkyl (alkenyl) succinic acid, adipic acid, sebacic acid, azelaic acid, malonic acid , Α-alkyl (alkenyl) malonic acid, anhydrides thereof, and lower alkyl esters having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. Although not particularly limited, terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, fumaric acid, and lower alkyl esters of these acids and lower alcohols having 1 to 4 carbon atoms are preferably used, and the acid component of the polyester resin is preferably used. Preferably, it accounts for at least 80 mol%.

As the polycarboxylic acid, for example,
1,2,4-benzenetricarboxylic acid (trimellitic acid), 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid (trimesic acid), pyromellitic acid, benzophenonetetracarboxylic acid, or anhydrides thereof, having 1 to 4 carbon atoms Lower alkyl esters can be used.

As the diol component, various alkylene diols, bisphenol derivatives and the like can be used. Specifically, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, 1,2-propylene glycol, 1,3 propylene glycol, 1,4-
Butanediol, 2,3-butanediol, neopentyl glycol, 1,5-pentanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, 2-ethyl-1,3-hexanediol,
Hydrogenated bisfinol A, bisphenol A, alkylene oxide adducts of bisfinol A and the like can be mentioned. Among them, bisphenol A represented by the formula 1
(Wherein R is an ethylene or propylene group, x and y are each an integer of 1 or more, and the average value of x + y is 2 to 7)
), And preferably accounts for 80 mol% or more of the diol component. More preferably, polyoxypropylene (2,2) -2,2bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) propane or polyoxyethylene (2,2) -2,
2bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) propane is used.

[0043]

Embedded image

Examples of the polyol component include sorbitol, 1,4-sorbitan, pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol, tripentaerythritol, glycerol, trimethylolethane, and trimethylolpropane.

The polyester resin used in the present invention has a glass transition point (Tg) of 55 to 70 in consideration of storage stability.
C, more preferably 59-70C. The molecular weight distribution of the polyester resin is such that the number average molecular weight is 2500 to 450.
0 and a weight average molecular weight of 7000 to 130,000 are preferred. When a polyester resin is used as the binder resin, it is preferable to use a mixture of a crosslinked polyester resin and a linear polyester resin. This is because, when a crosslinked polyester resin is used, the occurrence of the void defect described above is suppressed.

A colorant is added to the toner particles in the present invention. Known coloring agents can be used, and examples thereof include carbon black such as furnace black, acetylene black, and channel black. Dispersion of carbon black in the binder resin among these colorants is important in terms of charge stability of toner particles, and a dispersant can be used in combination as necessary. The content of carbon black is preferably 1 to 10 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the toner particle composition. If the amount is less than 1 part by weight, the hiding power of the binder resin is insufficient, and a sufficient image density cannot be obtained. On the other hand, when the amount exceeds 10 parts by weight, it is preferable in order to increase the hiding power of the formed image and increase the image density, but on the other hand, the toner particles are excessively conductive due to the carbon black chain structure formed in the toner particles. Therefore, the insulating property is impaired, the chargeability of the toner particles is reduced, and as a result, the image density is reduced, and further, white background stain and toner scattering increase. Specific examples of carbon black include, for example, Monarch 120, 280, 430, 46 manufactured by Cabot Corporation.
0, 700, 900, 1000, 1300, 1400,
Black Pearls 130, 280, 430, 460, 4
80, 700, 800, 880, 900, 1100, 1
400, L, Legal 99, 99R, 250R, 25
0, 330, 330R, 400, 400R, 415R,
415, 500R, 660, 660R, Vulcan 9A3
2, P, XC72R, CX72, Elftex 8, 1
15, Raven 14, 16, manufactured by Columbia Chemical Company
22, H20, C, 410, 420, 430, 450,
500, 760, 780, 790, 850, 890, 8
90H, 1000, 1020, 1035, 1040, 1
060, 1170, 1200, 1250, 1255, 1
500, 2000, 3500, 5000, 5250, 5
750, 7000, Conductex 900, SC, 1
150, Sevacarb MT, Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation # 5B, # 10
B, # 20B, CF9, # 30, # 32, # 33, # 4
0, # 44, # 45, # 52, # 50, # 850, # 9
00, # 950, # 1000, # 2200B, # 230
0, # 2350, # 2400B, MA11, MA8, M
A100, MA600. MCF88 and the like.

In order to reduce the amount of toner particles scattered from the developing roll, it is preferable to add a magnetic substance to the toner composition of the present invention. Ferromagnetic particles are used as the magnetic material. Specifically, magnetic metals such as iron, cobalt and nickel, alloys thereof, cobalt-added oxides, metal oxides such as chromium oxide, Mn / Zn ferrite, Ni
・ Various ferrites such as Zn ferrite, magnetite,
Powders such as hematite and the like, and those whose surfaces are treated with a surface treating agent such as a silane coupling agent, an aluminum coupling agent, and a titanium coupling agent, or coated with a polymer can be used. The particle size of these magnetic powders is preferably in the range of 0.05 to 1.0 μm. Specific examples of such magnetic particles include, for example, MG-M
K, MG-RF, A, MG-SH, MG-Z, MG-W
F, MG-WM, MG-WL (all manufactured by Mitsui Kinzoku Kogyo KK), MTS-005HD, MTH-009, EPT-
305, EPT-500, EPT-1000, EPR-
1000H, EPT-1001, EPT-1002, M
TO-021, EPT-L1000, MAT-305,
MAT-305HD, MAT-222, MAT-222
HD, MTA-740, MAT-230 (manufactured by Toda Kogyo), KBC-100 series, KBC-200 series, KBF series KBN-400 series (manufactured by Kanto Denka Kogyo), but are not limited thereto. It is not something to be done.

The content of these magnetic particles is preferably from 10 to 30 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the toner composition. If the amount is less than 10 parts by weight, the adhesion of the toner to the developing roll is not sufficient, and the white background is easily stained. On the other hand, if it exceeds 30 parts by weight, the developing property is deteriorated and the print density is lowered, which is not preferable.

A charge control agent may be added to the toner of the present invention. As the charge control agent, a known charge control agent can be used. Examples of such charge control agents include nigrosine-based charge control agents, triphenylmethane-based charge control agents, cationic compounds such as quaternary ammonium, basic dyes such as dyes, and metal salts of higher fatty acids (metal soaps). , A metal-containing azo compound, a metal compound of a salicylic acid derivative, or the like. As such a substance, specifically, Bontron N-01, N-13 manufactured by Orient Chemical Co., Ltd. as a nigrosine-based charge control agent, or those obtained by subjecting these nigrosine-based charge control agents to vacuum heat treatment are also preferable. . Examples of triphenylmethane-based charge control agents include C.I.
I. Solvent Blue 66, 124, C.I. I.
Pigment Blue 61, 56, 19, 18 and the like, and C.I. I. Solvent Blue 124
It is preferable to use Specific examples of such a triphenylmethane-based charge control agent include “Copy Blue” PR and “Brilliant Blue” manufactured by Hoechst.
Base ”SM,“ BASF Alkali Blue ”NBD manufactured by BSF Japan
6156 D LD and the like.

As a specific example of the cationic compound such as quaternary ammonium, the anion of the quaternary ammonium salt compound is an inorganic anion containing a molybdenum or tungsten atom. Specific examples of the inorganic anions include molybdic acid, tungstic acid, phosphomolybdic acid, silicomolybdic acid, phosphotungstic acid, silicotungstic acid, and phosphotungsten acid. Molybdic acid, silicotungsten / molybdic acid, phosphotungsten / molybdic acid,
Examples thereof include chromium / molybdic acid, and specific examples thereof include TP-302 and 415 manufactured by Hodogaya Chemical Co., Ltd.

Examples of the metal-containing azo compound include Bontron S-31 and S-32 manufactured by Orient Chemical Industries, Ltd.
S-34, S-35, S-37, S-40, E-81,
E-82, Kayaset Black T-2 manufactured by Nippon Kayaku,
004, Eizin spiron black T-37, T-95, TRH, etc., manufactured by Hodogaya Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.

The addition amount of the charge control agent is preferably 0.1 to 5 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the toner composition.
If the amount is less than 0.1 part by weight, sufficient chargeability cannot be imparted to the toner. If the amount exceeds 5 parts by weight, the charge control agent is more expensive than other toner components, leading to an increase in cost.

Further, a wax may be added to the toner particle composition of the present invention. Known waxes can be used, for example, animal and vegetable waxes such as rice wax, candelilla wax, carnauba wax, and lanolin; paraffin wax; microcrystalline wax; petroleum wax such as petrolatum; Polyethylene, high-density polyethylene, polyethylene copolymer, polypropylene, polypropylene copolymer, acid value-modified polyethylene, acid-modified polyethylene, graft-modified polyethylene with aromatic monomers, pyrolytic low-density polyethylene, pyrolytic polypropylene, etc. Olefin-based wax and the like can be used. Specific examples of the wax include, for example, HNP (product number: 1, 3, 9, 10, 11, 12), SP (product number: 0)
145, 1035, 3040, 3035, 0110),
Hi-Mic (product number: 2095, 1080, 3080,
1070, 2065, 1045, 2045), POLY
COAT (product number: 1025, 1455, 2255, 30
30, 3155), NEOPALAX (article number: 254)
5, 3240), PALVAX (articles: 1230, 13)
35, 1430), CARTOWAX-3025, BO
NTEX (article numbers: 0011, 2266), S-075
0, OX (article number: 261BN, 0550, 2251, 1
949), NSP-8070, NPS (part number: L-7
0, 6010, 9210), HAD (product number: 5080,
5670), WEISSEN-0453, JP-150
0, LUVAX (article number: 1266, 2191, 115
1, 0321), EMUSTAR (article number: 0001, 0
42X, 0135, 0136, 0164, 358) (all manufactured by Nippon Seiro Co., Ltd.), high wax (product number: 80)
0P, 400P, 200P, 100P, 720P, 41
0P, 420P, 320P, 210P, 220P, 11
0P, 405MP, 310MP, 320MP, 210M
P, 220MP, 4051E, 4052E, 4202
E, 1105A, 2203A, 1120H, 1140
H, 1160H, NL100, NL200, NL50
0, NL800, NP055, NP105, NP50
5, NP805) (all manufactured by Mitsui Petrochemical Industry Co., Ltd.).

Inorganic fine particles may be externally added to the toner particles of the present invention. The addition amount of the inorganic particles is preferably in the range of 0.1 to 2 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the toner particles,
More preferably, the content is 0.2 to 1 part by weight. 0.
If the amount is less than 1 part by weight, the fluidity improving effect is low. If the amount is more than 2 parts by weight, the fluidity is too good, causing problems such as toner scattering. The inorganic particles have an average particle size of 0.005 to 5.
0 μm is preferred. As the inorganic fine particles, fine particles such as silica, titanium oxide, and alumina oxide can be used.
Among these, it is preferable to use silica fine particles which have been subjected to a hydrophobic treatment which can provide high fluidity. In order to enhance the fluidity, the silica fine particles have a BET surface area of 1
00m ² / g or more, preferably not less than 120 m ² / g. Furthermore, the wettability to methanol is 50%
It is preferable that there is the above. When the wettability to methanol is less than 50%, the influence of temperature and humidity on the charge amount becomes large.

Specific examples of the inorganic fine particles include the following, but are not limited thereto. As titanium oxide fine particles, KA-
100, KR-310, KA-TG, and aluminum oxide C manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd. As the silica fine particles, for example, Aerosil 130, 200, 200V, 200CF, 30 manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd.
0, 300CF, 380, OX50, TT600, OX
50, MOX80, MOX170, COK84, RX2
00, RY200, R972, R974, R976, R
805, R811, R812, T805, R202, V
T222, RX170, RXC, RA200, RM5
0, RY200, REA200, RA200SH, RA
200H, HDK H20, H manufactured by Wacker Chemical
DK H2000, HDK H3004, HDK H2
000/4, HDK H2050EP, HDK H20
15EP, HVK 2150, HDK H3050E
P, HDK KHD50, Cabosil L manufactured by Cabot
-90, LM-130, LM-150, M-5, PT
G, MS-55, H-5, HS-5, EH-5, LM-
150D, M-7D, MS-75D, TS-720, T
S-610, TS-530, and the like.

As a method for measuring the BET surface area, AST
According to MD3037-73.

The method for measuring the wettability to methanol is as follows.
After collecting 0.2 g of the sample in a 100 ml beaker, 50 ml of pure water was added, and methanol was added dropwise while stirring the dispersion with a magnetic stirrer. The end point was defined as the point at which no silica fine particles were observed on the liquid surface. The wettability to methanol was calculated from the following equation.

Wettability to methanol (%) = {(amount of methanol) / (50 ml + amount of methanol)} × 100 Further as a fluidity improver, an average particle diameter of 0.005 to 5 μm
m, preferably 0.01-1 μm of organic fine particles can be externally added. Examples of the organic fine particles include silicone fine particles, acrylic fine particles, polystyrene fine particles, polytetrafluoroethylene fine particles, and polyvinylidene fluoride fine particles. Specifically, as the silicone fine particles, Toray Silicone's Trefil F-
200, F-250, F-100, F101, R-90
2, E-500, E-501, E-600, E-60
1, E-602 and E-603. Examples of the polyvinylidene fluoride fine particles include, for example, Kaina 460, 500, 710, 720, and 74 manufactured by Elf Atochem Japan.
0, 760 and the like, but are not limited to these.

The toner particles used in the present invention can be produced by a conventionally known method. That is, a toner particle composition such as a binder resin, a colorant, a charge control agent, a wax and, if necessary, a dispersing aid is premixed, for example, with a super mixer, and then uniformly dispersed and melted with a twin screw extruder. After kneading, finely pulverizing with a jet mill, and classifying with an air classifier, a desired toner particle composition can be obtained. further,
A predetermined fluidity improver, cleaning agent, or lubricant may be attached (externally added) to the obtained toner particles.

The carrier particles used in the developer of the present invention include:
Iron, manganese, cobalt, nickel, or chromium, chromium dioxide, iron sesquioxide, made of a magnetic material such as metal oxides or ferrite, such as triiron tetraoxide, ferrite, the general formula MFe ₂ 0 ₄ (M Is Mn, Co, Mg, Zn
Or Cu). When the carrier is made of a metal material, it is preferable to form an oxide film in order to prevent oxidation of the carrier surface.
Further, in addition to a carrier obtained by granulating magnetite fine particles and ferrite fine particles, a so-called resin-type carrier in which magnetite fine particles or ferrite fine particles and a charge control agent are dispersed in a resin can also be used. Further, the same resin as the resin contained in the toner particle composition or a different resin may be coated on the surface of the carrier for the purpose of improving charging characteristics and the like.

The volume average particle size of the carrier is generally 40 to 2
Although a carrier having a size of 00 μm is used, it is preferable to use a carrier having a small particle size of 40 to 70 μm in order to obtain a good printing density. In addition, the volume average particle diameter of the carrier particles was measured as follows. First, 10 to 20 mg of a sample is added to 10 ml of a predetermined surfactant aqueous solution and dispersed in the liquid,
This solution is used for particle size distribution measurement (Microtrac HRA
Model 9320-X100: manufactured by Nikkiso Co., Ltd.) for measurement.

Inorganic fine particles may be externally added to the carrier particles of the present invention in order to improve fluidity. The mixing ratio of the inorganic particles to the carrier particles is usually 0 to 0.5 with respect to the carrier particles.
% By weight. Preferably it is 0.05 to 0.5% by weight. More preferably, it is 0.05 to 0.2 parts by weight. In particular, it is preferable to add the same inorganic fine particles as the toner. When different types of inorganic fine particles are added, the charge amount of the toner may become unstable at the beginning of continuous printing. If the amount of the inorganic fine particles added to the carrier exceeds 0.5 parts by weight, the fluidity of the developer is too good, and problems such as toner scattering occur.
As the inorganic particles, all applicable to the toner can be used.

An example of an embodiment of the image forming apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

In FIG. 2, the image forming apparatus includes a photosensitive drum 1, a developing roll 4a, a developing device 4 in which the developing roll 4a is provided, a transfer means 7 and a fixing means 8, and inside the developing device 4 Developer (magnetic toner and magnetic carrier)
4b is accommodated.

The photoreceptor drum 1 is formed in a cylindrical shape with a photoreceptor made of OPC (organic photoconductor) formed on the surface, and a charger 2 is arranged above the photoreceptor 2 to face the same.
Then, an exposure device 3 and a developing roll 4a are sequentially arranged on the right side of the charger 2 along the outer periphery of the photosensitive drum 1,
Similarly, on the left side of the charger 2, a discharging lamp 11, a cleaner 1
0 and the sub charger 9 are arranged in order. A recording medium (recording paper) 5 faces the lower surface of the photosensitive drum 1, and the recording medium 5 is transported below the recording medium 6.
By a and 6b, horizontal movement from right to left in the figure is enabled. The tractor 6a is disposed on the right side of the photosensitive drum 1, and the transport roller 6b is disposed on the left side of the photosensitive drum 1.

The developing roller 4a having magnetism is provided inside a box-shaped developing device 4 having a side surface partially open, and slightly protrudes from the opening. The developing roll 4a is formed by inserting a magnet roll coaxially into a cylindrical non-magnetic sleeve roll, and the sleeve roll and the magnet roll are rotating in opposite directions. In addition, the developing roll 4a is provided in the opening.
A doctor blade 12 is disposed in parallel with the axis of the developing roller 4a. The developer 4b stored in the developing device 4 is supplied to the developing roll 4a while being in contact with the outer surface of the developing roll 4a. And the developer 4b
Is composed of the magnetic toner of the present invention and carrier particles.

The transfer means 7 comprises a transfer charger 7a and a separation charger 7b juxtaposed on the left side of the transfer charger 7a.

The fixing means 8 is arranged to face the upper surface of the transport roller 6b with the recording medium 5 interposed. The fixing means 8 includes a light-shielding plate 8a and a reflector 8b juxtaposed on the left side thereof, and a flash lamp 8c using xenon is arranged inside the reflector 8b.

Next, an image forming method will be described with reference to FIG.

First, the surface of the photosensitive drum 1 is uniformly and positively charged by the charger 2 having a positive polarity.
Exposure based on image information is performed by the ED array 3,
An electrostatic latent image is formed on the surface of the photosensitive drum 1.

Next, the photosensitive drum 1 and the developing roll 4a
Is transferred to the photosensitive drum 1 by the relative rotation of
Development takes place. Here, the magnetic toner is positively charged by the bias voltage of the developing device 4, and the developer 4b composed of the magnetic toner and the magnetic carrier adheres to the outer surface of the developing roll 4a by the magnetic force of the carrier. Attached developer 4
The layer thickness of b is appropriately adjusted to a predetermined value by the doctor blade 12, and the amount of the developer is regulated. Then, as the developing roll 4a rotates, the developer 4b is
And the magnetic toner 4c is transferred onto the electrostatic latent image. The developer 4b rises on the magnetic lines of force formed by the developing roll 4a (magnetic brush phenomenon), and the ears pass over the gap between the developing roll 4a and the photosensitive drum 1 to form the photosensitive drum 1.
It comes in contact with the surface.

Then, the magnetic toner 4c transferred onto the electrostatic latent image is transferred to the recording medium 5 by a negatively charged transfer charger 7a, and subsequently, by a separation charger 7b applying an alternating voltage. 5 are removed.

Then, the recording medium 5 moves horizontally just below the fixing means 8, and the magnetic toner 4c is heated and melted by the radiant heat of the flash light emitted from the flash 8c to be fixed on the recording medium 5 to complete the image formation. .

On the other hand, the photosensitive drum 1 after transferring the magnetic toner to the recording medium 5 is appropriately charged by the sub-charging device 9 and rotates to a position facing the cleaner 10. The cleaner 10 is composed of a negatively charged charging brush, and the magnetic toner remaining on the surface of the photosensitive drum 1 is adsorbed and removed by the cleaner 10. Further, the charge remaining on the surface of the photosensitive drum 1 is removed by the charge removing lamp 11.

In this embodiment, a positively charged photosensitive member is used. However, a negatively charged photosensitive member may be used.
In this case, the charging device, the transfer device, and the cleaner may have polarities opposite to those of the above-described embodiment.

In addition to the above-mentioned OPC, an inorganic material such as selenium may be used for the photoreceptor, and a laser beam may be used for the exposure device. As a means for adjusting the layer thickness of the developer attached to the developing roll, a roll or the like may be used in addition to the above-described doctor blade.

Further, in addition to the above-described xenon lamp, neon,
Lamps such as argon and krypton can be used. Further, a heat roll or the like can be used as the fixing means. Then, a blade made of rubber or the like may be used as the cleaner.

[0078]

EXAMPLES Examples of the present invention will be specifically described below, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Reference Example 1 (Manufacture of Carrier 1) 28% by weight of polyester resin ("Tuffton" TTR-4, manufactured by Kao Corporation) 70% by weight of magnetic material (EPT-1000, manufactured by Toda Kogyo) 70% by weight of polyethylene wax ("high wax") 405MP “Mitsui Petrochemical Co., Ltd.) 2% by weight After sufficiently mixing the above components, a twin screw extruder (PCM-3)
0; manufactured by Ikegai Co., Ltd.). After cooling the kneaded material, it is coarsely pulverized using a 2 mm Φ screen with a coarse pulverizer (UG-210KGS: manufactured by Torai Iron Works), and this is pulverized with a medium pulverizer (“FINE MILL” FM-300N: Nippon Pneumatic). And then classified using a fine pulverizer ("Separator" DS-5UR: manufactured by Nippon Pneumatic Industries, Ltd.) to obtain resin fine particles having a volume average particle diameter of 40 μm. Further, 0.2 parts by weight of hydrophobic silica fine powder (manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd .; REA200) is added to the above resin fine particles, and mixed with a super mixer (SMV-20; manufactured by Kawata Co., Ltd.) to mix with the resin fine particles. A mixture of silica fine particles (hereinafter referred to as a carrier) was obtained. Reference Example 2 (Production of Carrier 2) Polyester resin ("Tuffton" TTR-2, manufactured by Kao Corporation) 23% by weight Magnetic substance (KBF-100SR, manufactured by Kanto Denka Kogyo Co., Ltd.) 73% by weight Charge control agent (" Bontron “S-34 manufactured by Orient Chemical Co., Ltd.) 2% by weight Wax (LUVAX-1151: manufactured by Nippon Seiwa Co., Ltd.) 2% by weight After sufficiently mixing the above components, a twin screw extruder (PCM-3)
0; manufactured by Ikegai Co., Ltd.). After cooling the kneaded material, it is coarsely pulverized using a 2 mm Φ screen with a coarse pulverizer (UG-210KGS: manufactured by Torai Iron Works), and this is pulverized with a medium pulverizer (“FINE MILL” FM-300N: Nippon Pneumatic). And then classified using a fine pulverizer (“Separator” DS-5UR: manufactured by Nippon Pneumatic) to obtain resin fine particles having a volume average particle size of 55 μm. Then, using a high-speed stirring type mixing granulator (ODM-25; manufactured by Nara Machinery Co., Ltd.),
The mixture was stirred at 75 ° C. for 15 minutes to perform a spheroidizing treatment. further,
Hydrophobic silica fine powder (manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co .; REA20
0) was added to the above resin fine particles in an amount of 0.2 part by weight,
A carrier was obtained by mixing with a super mixer (SMV-20; manufactured by Kawata). Reference Example 3 (Production of Toner 1) [Toner Composition] 50% by weight of polyester resin (“Tuffton” TTR-2, manufactured by Kao Corporation) (Tm = 133 ° C., Tg = 62.3 ° C.) Polyester resin (“ 25% by weight (Tm = 97.2 ° C., Tg = 57.6 ° C.) Magnetic material (EPT-1000, manufactured by Toda Kogyo) 20% by weight carbon black (Cabot) 2 wt% Nigrosine-based charge control agent ("Bontron" N-01, manufactured by Orient Chemical Co., Ltd.) 2 wt% Polyethylene wax ("High Wax 405MP" manufactured by Mitsui Petrochemical Co., Ltd.) 1 wt% After sufficiently mixing the above components, a twin screw extruder (PCM-3)
0; Ikegai Co., Ltd.), kneaded, finely pulverized by a jet mill pulverizer (PJM-100; Nippon Pneumatic Industries), and then classified by an air classifier (A-12; Alpine). Resin fine particles having a weight average particle size of 6.0 μm were obtained.

Further, 0.7 parts by weight of hydrophobic silica fine powder (REA200 manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd.) was added to the above resin fine particles, and a super mixer (SMV-2) was added.
0; manufactured by Kawata Co., Ltd.) to obtain a mixture of resin fine particles and added fine particles (hereinafter referred to as toner). The weight average particle diameter of the obtained toner particles was 6.1 μm, and the standard deviation of the weight distribution was 1.8 μm. Other physical properties (Tm, Tg, η ₁₀₀ ) of the obtained toner are as shown in Table 1. Reference Example 4 (Production of Toner 2) [Toner Composition] 25% by weight of polyester resin ("Tuffton" TTR-100, manufactured by Kao Corporation) (Tm = 142.0 ° C, Tg = 70.1 ° C) Polyester resin ("Tuffton" TTR-200, manufactured by Kao Corporation) 50% by weight (Tm = 97.5 ° C, Tg = 61.2 ° C) Magnetic substance (EPT-1000, manufactured by Toda Kogyo) 20% by weight carbon black (Cabot Corporation; "Regal" 330R) 2% by weight Nigrosine-based charge control agent ("Bontron" N-01, manufactured by Orient Chemical) 1% by weight Polyethylene wax ("High Wax 405MP" manufactured by Mitsui Petrochemical Industries) 2 % By weight After sufficiently mixing the above components, a twin screw extruder (PCM-3)
0; Ikegai Co., Ltd.), kneaded, finely pulverized by a jet mill pulverizer (PJM-100; Nippon Pneumatic Industries), and then classified by an air classifier (A-12; Alpine). Resin fine particles having a weight average particle size of 8.2 μm were obtained.

Further, 0.4 parts by weight of hydrophobic silica fine powder (REA200; manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd.) and polyvinylidene fluoride particles ("KYNA") were added to the resin fine particles.
R "500; Elf Atochem Japan Ltd.)
0.4 parts by weight, and a super mixer (SMV-2) was added.
0; manufactured by Kawata Co., Ltd.) to obtain a toner.
The weight average particle diameter of the obtained toner particles was 8.0 μm, and the standard deviation of the weight distribution was 2.2 μm. Further, other physical properties of the resulting toner _{(Tm, Tg, η 10 0} ) are as shown in Table 1. Reference Example 5 (Production of Toner 3) [Toner Composition] 25% by weight of polyester resin ("Tuffton" TTR-100, manufactured by Kao Corporation) Polyester resin ("Tuffton" TTR-200, manufactured by Kao Corporation) 50% by weight Magnetic substance (EPT-1000, manufactured by Toda Kogyo) 20% by weight Carbon black (manufactured by Cabot; "Regal" 330R) 2% by weight Nigrosine-based charge control agent ("Bontron" N-01, manufactured by Orient Chemical Co., Ltd.) 1% by weight Polyethylene wax ("High Wax 405MP" manufactured by Mitsui Petrochemical Industries, Ltd.) 2% by weight After sufficiently mixing the above components, a twin screw extruder (PCM-3)
0; Ikegai Co., Ltd.), kneaded, finely pulverized by a jet mill pulverizer (PJM-100; Nippon Pneumatic Industries), and then classified by an air classifier (A-12; Alpine). Resin fine particles having a weight average particle diameter of 10.1 μm were obtained.

Further, the above resin fine particles are hydrophobic.
Silica fine powder (REA200; manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd.)
0.3 parts by weight, polyvinylidene fluoride particles ("KYNA
R "500; Elf Atochem Japan Ltd.)
0.3 parts by weight, and a super mixer (SMV-2
0; manufactured by Kawata Co., Ltd.) to obtain a toner.
The weight average particle size of the obtained toner particles is 10.1 μm.
The standard deviation of the weight distribution was 2.7 μm. Also,
Other physical properties (Tm, Tg, η) ₁₀₀) Is
It is as shown in Table 1. Reference Example 6 (Production of Toner 4) [Toner Composition] Polyester resin ("Tuffton" TTR-2, manufactured by Kao Corporation) 25% by weight Polyester resin ("Tuffton" TTR-200, manufactured by Kao Corporation) 50% by weight Magnetic substance (EPT-1000, manufactured by Toda Kogyo) 20% by weight Carbon black (manufactured by Cabot; "Regal" 330R) 2% by weight Nigrosine-based charge control agent ("Bontron" N-01, manufactured by Orient Chemical Co., Ltd.) 1% by weight Polyethylene wax ("High Wax 405MP" manufactured by Mitsui Petrochemical Industries, Ltd.) 2% by weight After sufficiently mixing the above components, a twin screw extruder (PCM-3)
0; manufactured by Ikegai Co., Ltd.)
(PJM-100; manufactured by Nippon Pneumatic Industries, Ltd.)
After pulverization, the air classifier (A-12; manufactured by Alpine)
Classification to obtain resin fine particles having a weight average particle size of 11.8 μm
Was.

Further, 0.4 parts by weight of a hydrophobic silica fine powder (REA200; manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd.) is mixed with the above resin fine particles using a super mixer (SMV-20; manufactured by Kawata) to obtain a toner. Was. The weight average particle diameter of the obtained toner particles was 11.5 μm, and the standard deviation of the weight distribution was 3.1 μm. Other physical properties (Tm, Tg, η ₁₀₀ ) of the obtained toner are as shown in Table 1. Reference Example 7 (Production of Toner 5) [Toner Composition] 11% by weight of polyester resin ("Tuffton" TTR-100, manufactured by Kao Corporation) Polyester resin ("Tuffton" TTR-202, manufactured by Kao Corporation) 64% by weight (Tm = 98.8 ° C., Tg = 60.0 ° C.) Magnetic substance (EPT-1000, manufactured by Toda Kogyo Co., Ltd.) 20% by weight Carbon black (manufactured by Cabot; “Regal” 330R) 2% by weight Nigrosine Charge control agent ("Bontron" N-01, manufactured by Orient Chemical Co., Ltd.) 1% by weight Polyethylene wax ("High Wax 405MP" manufactured by Mitsui Petrochemical Industries, Ltd.) 2% by weight After sufficiently mixing the above components, a twin screw extruder ( PCM-3
0; Ikegai Co., Ltd.), kneaded, finely pulverized by a jet mill pulverizer (PJM-100; Nippon Pneumatic Industries), and then classified by an air classifier (A-12; Alpine). Resin fine particles having a weight average particle size of 8.0 μm were obtained.

Further, 0.5 parts by weight of hydrophobic silica fine powder (REA200; manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd.) was added to the above resin fine particles, and polyvinylidene fluoride particles ("KYNA").
R "500; Elf Atochem Japan Ltd.)
0.5 part by weight, and a super mixer (SMV-2)
0; manufactured by Kawata Co., Ltd.) to obtain a toner.
The weight average particle diameter of the obtained toner particles was 7.9 μm, and the standard deviation of the weight distribution was 2.1 μm. Further, other physical properties of the resulting toner _{(Tm, Tg, η 10 0} ) are as shown in Table 1. Reference Example 8 (Production of Toner 6) [Toner Composition] 11% by weight of polyester resin ("Tuffton" TTR-100, manufactured by Kao Corporation) Polyester resin ("Tuffton" TTR-202, manufactured by Kao Corporation) 64% by weight Magnetic substance (EPT-1000, manufactured by Toda Kogyo Co., Ltd.) 20% by weight Carbon black (Cabot Corporation; "Regal" 330R) 2% by weight Nigrosine-based charge control agent ("Bontron" N-01, manufactured by Orient Chemical Co., Ltd.) 1% by weight Polyethylene wax ("High Wax 405MP" manufactured by Mitsui Petrochemical Industries, Ltd.) 2% by weight After sufficiently mixing the above components, a twin screw extruder (PCM-3)
0; Ikegai Co., Ltd.), kneaded, finely pulverized by a jet mill pulverizer (PJM-100; Nippon Pneumatic Industries), and then classified by an air classifier (A-12; Alpine). Resin fine particles having a weight average particle size of 10.5 μm were obtained.

Further, the above resin fine particles have a hydrophobic property.
Silica fine powder (REA200; manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd.)
0.3 parts by weight, polyvinylidene fluoride particles ("KYNA
R "500; Elf Atochem Japan Ltd.)
0.4 parts by weight, and a super mixer (SMV-2) was added.
0; manufactured by Kawata Co., Ltd.) to obtain a toner.
The weight average particle size of the obtained toner particles is 10.5 μm.
The standard deviation of the weight distribution was 2.8 μm. Also,
Other physical properties (Tm, Tg, η) ₁₀₀) Is
It is as shown in Table 1. Reference Example 9 (Production of Toner 7) [Toner Composition] 11% by weight of polyester resin ("Tuffton" TTR-100, manufactured by Kao Corporation) Polyester resin ("Tuffton" TTR-202, manufactured by Kao Corporation) 64% by weight Magnetic substance (EPT-1000, manufactured by Toda Kogyo Co., Ltd.) 20% by weight Carbon black (Cabot Corporation; "Regal" 330R) 2% by weight Nigrosine-based charge control agent ("Bontron" N-01, manufactured by Orient Chemical Co., Ltd.) 1% by weight Polyethylene wax ("High Wax 405MP" manufactured by Mitsui Petrochemical Industries, Ltd.) 2% by weight After sufficiently mixing the above components, a twin screw extruder (PCM-3)
0; manufactured by Ikegai Co., Ltd.)
(PJM-100; manufactured by Nippon Pneumatic Industries, Ltd.)
After pulverization, the air classifier (A-12; manufactured by Alpine)
Classification to obtain fine resin particles having a weight average particle diameter of 12.3 μm
Was.

Further, the above resin fine particles are hydrophobic.
Silica fine powder (REA200; manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd.)
0.4 parts by weight, polyvinylidene fluoride particles ("KYNA
R "500; Elf Atochem Japan Ltd.)
0.4 parts by weight, and a super mixer (SMV-2) was added.
0; manufactured by Kawata Co., Ltd.) to obtain a toner.
The weight average particle size of the obtained toner particles is 12.2 μm.
The standard deviation of the weight distribution was 3.4 μm. Also,
Other physical properties (Tm, Tg, η) ₁₀₀) Is
It is as shown in Table 1. Reference Example 10 (Production of Toner 8) [Toner Composition] 11% by weight of polyester resin ("Tuffton" TTR-102, manufactured by Kao Corporation) (Tm = 146.8 ° C, Tg = 64.1 ° C) Polyester resin ("Tuffton" TTR-200, manufactured by Kao Corporation) 64% by weight Magnetic material (EPT-1000, manufactured by Toda Kogyo) 20% by weight Carbon black (Cabot Corporation; "REGAL" 330R) 2% by weight Nigrosine Charge control agent ("Bontron" N-01, manufactured by Orient Chemical Co., Ltd.) 1% by weight Polyethylene wax ("High Wax 405MP" manufactured by Mitsui Petrochemical Industries, Ltd.) 2% by weight After sufficiently mixing the above components, a twin screw extruder ( PCM-3
0; manufactured by Ikegai Co., Ltd.)
(PJM-100; manufactured by Nippon Pneumatic Industries, Ltd.)
After pulverization, the air classifier (A-12; manufactured by Alpine)
Classification to obtain fine resin particles having a weight average particle size of 8.1 μm
Was.

Further, 0.6 parts by weight of hydrophobic silica fine particles (REA200; manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd.) and polyvinylidene fluoride particles ("KYNA") were added to the resin fine particles.
R "500; Elf Atochem Japan Ltd.)
0.4 parts by weight, and a super mixer (SMV-2) was added.
0; manufactured by Kawata Co., Ltd.) to obtain a toner.
The weight average particle diameter of the obtained toner particles was 8.1 μm, and the standard deviation of the weight distribution was 2.2 μm. Further, other physical properties of the resulting toner _{(Tm, Tg, η 10 0} ) are as shown in Table 1. Reference Example 11 (Production of Toner 9) [Toner Composition] 11% by weight of polyester resin ("Tuffton" TTR-102, manufactured by Kao Corporation) Polyester resin ("Tuffton" TTR-200, manufactured by Kao Corporation) 64% by weight Magnetic substance (EPT-1000, manufactured by Toda Kogyo Co., Ltd.) 20% by weight Carbon black (Cabot Corporation; "Regal" 330R) 2% by weight Nigrosine-based charge control agent ("Bontron" N-01, manufactured by Orient Chemical Co., Ltd.) 1% by weight Polyethylene wax ("High Wax 405MP" manufactured by Mitsui Petrochemical Industries, Ltd.) 2% by weight After sufficiently mixing the above components, a twin screw extruder (PCM-3)
0; Ikegai Co., Ltd.), kneaded, finely pulverized by a jet mill pulverizer (PJM-100; Nippon Pneumatic Industries), and then classified by an air classifier (A-12; Alpine). Resin fine particles having a weight average particle diameter of 12.0 μm were obtained.

Further, 0.4 parts by weight of hydrophobic silica fine powder (REA200; manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd.) was added to the above resin fine particles, and polyvinylidene fluoride particles ("KYNA").
R "500; Elf Atochem Japan Ltd.)
0.4 parts by weight, and a super mixer (SMV-2) was added.
0; manufactured by Kawata Co., Ltd.) to obtain a toner.
The weight average particle diameter of the obtained toner particles was 11.8 μm, and the standard deviation of the weight distribution was 3.3 μm. Further, other physical properties of the resulting toner _{(Tm, Tg, η 1 00} ) are as shown in Table 1. Reference Example 12 (Production of Toner 10) [Toner Composition] 37.5% by weight of polyester resin ("Tuffton" TTR-100, manufactured by Kao Corporation) Polyester resin ("Tuffton" TTR-200, manufactured by Kao Corporation) 37.5% by weight Magnetic substance (EPT-1000, manufactured by Toda Kogyo) 20% by weight Carbon black (manufactured by Cabot; "Regal" 330R) 2% by weight Nigrosine-based charge control agent ("Bontron" N-01, manufactured by Orient Chemical Co., Ltd.) 1% by weight Polyethylene wax ("High Wax 405MP" manufactured by Mitsui Petrochemical Industries, Ltd.) 2% by weight After sufficiently mixing the above components, a twin screw extruder (PCM-3)
0; Ikegai Co., Ltd.), kneaded, finely pulverized by a jet mill pulverizer (PJM-100; Nippon Pneumatic Industries), and then classified by an air classifier (A-12; Alpine). Resin fine particles having a weight average particle size of 6.1 μm were obtained.

Further, 0.7 parts by weight of hydrophobic silica fine powder (REA200; manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd.) was added to the above resin fine particles, and polyvinylidene fluoride particles ("KYNA").
R "500; Elf Atochem Japan Ltd.)
0.4 parts by weight, and a super mixer (SMV-2) was added.
0; manufactured by Kawata Co., Ltd.) to obtain a toner.
The weight average particle diameter of the obtained toner particles was 6.1 μm, and the standard deviation of the weight distribution was 1.9 μm. Further, other physical properties of the resulting toner _{(Tm, Tg, η 10 0} ) are as shown in Table 1. Reference Example 13 (Production of Toner 11) [Toner Composition] Polyester resin ("Tuffton" TTR-2, manufactured by Kao Corporation) 50% by weight Polyester resin ("Tuffton" TTR-5, manufactured by Kao Corporation) 25% by weight Magnetic substance (EPT-1000, manufactured by Toda Kogyo KK) 20% by weight Carbon black (manufactured by Cabot; "Regal" 330R) 2% by weight Nigrosine-based charge control agent ("Bontron" N-01, manufactured by Orient Chemical Co., Ltd.) 1% by weight Polyethylene wax ("High Wax 405MP" manufactured by Mitsui Petrochemical Industries, Ltd.) 2% by weight After sufficiently mixing the above components, a twin screw extruder (PCM-3)
0; Ikegai Co., Ltd.), kneaded, finely pulverized by a jet mill pulverizer (PJM-100; Nippon Pneumatic Industries), and then classified by an air classifier (A-12; Alpine). Resin fine particles having a weight average particle size of 7.8 μm were obtained.

Further, 0.6 parts by weight of hydrophobic silica fine particles (REA200; manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd.) and polyvinylidene fluoride particles ("KYNA") were added to the resin fine particles.
R "500; Elf Atochem Japan Ltd.)
0.4 parts by weight, and a super mixer (SMV-2) was added.
0; manufactured by Kawata Co., Ltd.) to obtain a toner.
The weight average particle diameter of the obtained toner particles was 7.9 μm, and the standard deviation of the weight distribution was 2.0 μm. Further, other physical properties of the resulting toner _{(Tm, Tg, η 10 0} ) are as shown in Table 1. Reference Example 14 (Production of Toner 12) [Toner Composition] 50% by weight of polyester resin ("Tuffton" TTR-2, manufactured by Kao Corporation) Polyester resin ("Tuffton" TTR-5, manufactured by Kao Corporation) 25% by weight Magnetic substance (EPT-1000, manufactured by Toda Kogyo KK) 20% by weight Carbon black (manufactured by Cabot; "Regal" 330R) 2% by weight Nigrosine-based charge control agent ("Bontron" N-01, manufactured by Orient Chemical Co., Ltd.) 1% by weight Polyethylene wax ("High Wax 405MP" manufactured by Mitsui Petrochemical Industries, Ltd.) 2% by weight After sufficiently mixing the above components, a twin screw extruder (PCM-3)
0; Ikegai Co., Ltd.), kneaded, finely pulverized by a jet mill pulverizer (PJM-100; Nippon Pneumatic Industries), and then classified by an air classifier (A-12; Alpine). Resin fine particles having a weight average particle diameter of 10.2 μm were obtained.

Further, the above resin fine particles have a hydrophobic property.
Silica fine powder (REA200; manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd.)
0.5 parts by weight, polyvinylidene fluoride particles ("KYNA
R "500; Elf Atochem Japan Ltd.)
0.4 parts by weight, and a super mixer (SMV-2) was added.
0; manufactured by Kawata Co., Ltd.) to obtain a toner.
The weight average particle size of the obtained toner particles is 10.0 μm.
The standard deviation of the weight distribution was 2.6 μm. Also,
Other physical properties (Tm, Tg, η) ₁₀₀) Is
It is as shown in Table 1. Reference Example 15 (Production of Toner 13) [Toner Composition] 50% by weight of polyester resin ("Tuffton" TTR-2, manufactured by Kao Corporation) Polyester resin ("Tuffton" TTR-5, manufactured by Kao Corporation) 25% by weight Magnetic substance (EPT-1000, manufactured by Toda Kogyo Co., Ltd.) 20% by weight Carbon black (manufactured by Cabot; "REGAL" 330R) 2% by weight Nigrosine-based charge control agent ("Bontron" N-01, manufactured by Orient Chemical Co., Ltd.) 1% by weight Polyethylene wax ("High Wax 405MP" manufactured by Mitsui Petrochemical Industries, Ltd.) 2% by weight After sufficiently mixing the above components, a twin screw extruder (PCM-3)
0; manufactured by Ikegai Co., Ltd.)
(PJM-100; manufactured by Nippon Pneumatic Industries, Ltd.)
After pulverization, the air classifier (A-12; manufactured by Alpine)
Classification to obtain fine resin particles having a weight average particle diameter of 12.5 μm
Was.

Further, the above resin fine particles are hydrophobic
Silica fine powder (REA200; manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd.)
0.3 parts by weight, polyvinylidene fluoride particles ("KYNA
R "500; Elf Atochem Japan Ltd.)
0.4 parts by weight, and a super mixer (SMV-2) was added.
0; manufactured by Kawata Co., Ltd.) to obtain a toner.
The weight average particle size of the obtained toner particles is 12.3 μm.
The standard deviation of the weight distribution was 3.4 μm. Also,
Other physical properties (Tm, Tg, η) ₁₀₀) Is
It is as shown in Table 1. Reference Example 16 (Production of Toner 14) [Toner Composition] 25% by weight of polyester resin ("Tuffton" TTR-100, manufactured by Kao Corporation) Polyester resin ("Tuffton" TTR-200, manufactured by Kao Corporation) 50% by weight Magnetic substance (EPT-1000, manufactured by Toda Kogyo) 20% by weight Carbon black (manufactured by Cabot; "Regal" 330R) 2% by weight Nigrosine-based charge control agent ("Bontron" N-01, manufactured by Orient Chemical Co., Ltd.) 1% by weight Polyethylene wax ("High Wax 405MP" manufactured by Mitsui Petrochemical Industries, Ltd.) 2% by weight After sufficiently mixing the above components, a twin screw extruder (PCM-3)
0; manufactured by Ikegai Co., Ltd.)
(PJM-100; manufactured by Nippon Pneumatic Industries, Ltd.)
After pulverization, the air classifier (A-12; manufactured by Alpine)
Classification to obtain fine resin particles having a weight average particle diameter of 12.3 μm
Was.

Further, the above resin fine particles are hydrophobic.
Silica fine powder (REA200; manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd.)
0.4 parts by weight, polyvinylidene fluoride particles ("KYNA
R "500; Elf Atochem Japan Ltd.)
0.4 parts by weight, and a super mixer (SMV-2) was added.
0; manufactured by Kawata Co., Ltd.) to obtain a toner.
The weight average particle size of the obtained toner particles is 12.1 μm.
The standard deviation of the weight distribution was 3.2 μm. Also,
Other physical properties (Tm, Tg, η) ₁₀₀) Is
It is as shown in Table 1. Reference Example 17 (Production of Toner 15) [Toner Composition] 75% by weight of polyester resin ("Tuffton" TTR-5, manufactured by Kao Corporation) 20% by weight of magnetic material (EPT-1000, manufactured by Toda Kogyo) 20% by weight carbon black (Cabot Corporation; "Regal" 330R) 2% by weight Nigrosine-based charge control agent ("Bontron" N-01, manufactured by Orient Chemical) 1% by weight Polyethylene wax ("High Wax 405MP" manufactured by Mitsui Petrochemical Industries) 2 % By weight After sufficiently mixing the above components, a twin screw extruder (PCM-3)
0; manufactured by Ikegai Co., Ltd.)
(PJM-100; manufactured by Nippon Pneumatic Industries, Ltd.)
After pulverization, the air classifier (A-12; manufactured by Alpine)
Classification to obtain fine resin particles having a weight average particle diameter of 12.1 μm
Was.

Further, the above resin fine particles are hydrophobic.
Silica fine powder (REA200; manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd.)
0.7 parts by weight, polyvinylidene fluoride particles ("KYNA
R "500; Elf Atochem Japan Ltd.)
0.4 parts by weight, and a super mixer (SMV-2) was added.
0; manufactured by Kawata Co., Ltd.) to obtain a toner.
The weight average particle size of the obtained toner particles is 12.1 μm.
The standard deviation of the weight distribution was 3.2 μm. Also,
Other physical properties (Tm, Tg, η) ₁₀₀) Is
It is as shown in Table 1. Reference Example 18 (Production of Toner 16) [Toner Composition] Polyester resin ("Tuffton" TTR-100, manufactured by Kao Corporation) 25% by weight Polyester resin ("Tuffton" TTR-200, manufactured by Kao Corporation) 50% by weight Magnetic substance (EPT-1000, manufactured by Toda Kogyo) 20% by weight Carbon black (manufactured by Cabot; "Regal" 330R) 2% by weight Nigrosine-based charge control agent ("Bontron" N-01, manufactured by Orient Chemical Co., Ltd.) 1% by weight Polyethylene wax ("High Wax 405MP" manufactured by Mitsui Petrochemical Industries, Ltd.) 2% by weight After sufficiently mixing the above components, a twin screw extruder (PCM-3)
0; manufactured by Ikegai Co., Ltd.)
(PJM-100; manufactured by Nippon Pneumatic Industries, Ltd.)
After pulverization, the air classifier (A-12; manufactured by Alpine)
After classification, resin fine particles having a weight average particle size of 4.5 μm were obtained.
Was.

Further, 1.0 part by weight of hydrophobic silica fine powder (REA200; manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd.) and polyvinylidene fluoride particles ("KYNA") were added to the resin fine particles.
R "500; Elf Atochem Japan Ltd.)
Add 0.6 parts by weight, and add a super mixer (SMV-2).
0; manufactured by Kawata Co., Ltd.) to obtain a toner.
The weight average particle diameter of the obtained toner particles was 4.4 μm, and the standard deviation of the weight distribution was 1.7 μm. Further, other physical properties of the resulting toner _{(Tm, Tg, η 10 0} ) are as shown in Table 1. Reference Example 19 (Production of Toner 17) [Toner Composition] Polyester resin ("Tuffton" TTR-100, manufactured by Kao Corporation) 25% by weight Polyester resin ("Tuffton" TTR-200, manufactured by Kao Corporation) 50% by weight Magnetic substance (EPT-1000, manufactured by Toda Kogyo) 20% by weight Carbon black (manufactured by Cabot; "Regal" 330R) 2% by weight Nigrosine-based charge control agent ("Bontron" N-01, manufactured by Orient Chemical Co., Ltd.) 1% by weight Polyethylene wax ("High Wax 405MP" manufactured by Mitsui Petrochemical Industries, Ltd.) 2% by weight After sufficiently mixing the above components, a twin screw extruder (PCM-3)
0; Ikegai Co., Ltd.), kneaded, finely pulverized by a jet mill pulverizer (PJM-100; Nippon Pneumatic Industries), and then classified by an air classifier (A-12; Alpine). Resin fine particles having a weight average particle size of 14.5 μm were obtained.

Further, the above resin fine particles are hydrophobic.
Silica fine powder (REA200; manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd.)
0.3 parts by weight, polyvinylidene fluoride particles ("KYNA
R "500; Elf Atochem Japan Ltd.)
0.3 parts by weight, and a super mixer (SMV-2
0; manufactured by Kawata Co., Ltd.) to obtain a toner.
The weight average particle size of the obtained toner particles is 14.4 μm.
The standard deviation of the weight distribution was 3.8 μm. Also,
Other physical properties (Tm, Tg, η) ₁₀₀) Is
It is as shown in Table 1. Example 1 64 g of “toner 1” and 736 g of “carrier 1” were
Put in a polyethylene bottle and place in a turbula shaker T2S (Wi-Fi
15 minutes at lly A Bachofen AG Maschinenfabrik)
To prepare a developer.

A method of preheating by a halogen lamp using this developer and fixing by xenon flash is employed. An electrostatic latent image is formed on a photoreceptor, and a toner image is formed by the developer. An image forming method is used in which an image is transferred onto a transfer member and toner remaining on the photoreceptor is removed by a cleaning member. Further, the cleaning member is a cleaning brush, and a negative bias is applied to the cleaning brush with respect to the toner. Was imaged using an LED printer (GP-7150HH: FIG. 2) to which the image quality was applied, and the image quality was evaluated. The flash voltage is 1700 V (about 1850 V for the rated value of 1850 V).
5% energy reduction. Fixing energy is 1700V.
0J / cm ² about, and 2.4J / cm ² at 1850V. ). Was measured 1 flash fixing rate F ₁ at the aforementioned 1 flash fixing evaluation method, F ₁ = 65
%Met. Further, when continuous printing was carried out using this developer, very good fixing properties were exhibited in all print samples.

Example 2 A developer was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that 90 g of “Toner 2” and 710 g of “Carrier 2” were used.

The image quality was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1 using this developer. 1 was measured the fixing rate F ₁ at the flash fixing evaluation method and found to be F ₁ = 59%. Example 3 A developer was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that 90 g of “toner 3” and 710 g of “carrier 2” were used.

Using this developer, image quality was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. When the fixing rate F ₁ was measured by one flash fixing evaluation method, F ₁ was 55%. Example 4 A developer was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that 100 g of “toner 4” and 700 g of “carrier 1” were used.

The image quality was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1 using this developer. 1 was measured retention F ₁ through flash fixing evaluation method was F ₁ = 51%. Example 5 A developer was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that 90 g of "toner 5" and 710 g of "carrier 1" were used.

The image quality was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1 using this developer. 1 was measured retention F ₁ through flash fixing evaluation method was F ₁ = 69%. Example 6 A developer was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that 90 g of “Toner 6” and 710 g of “Carrier 1” were used.

Using this developer, the image quality was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. When the fixing rate F ₁ was measured by one-flash fixing evaluation method, F ₁ was 63%. Example 7 A developer was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that 100 g of “Toner 7” and 700 g of “Carrier 1” were used.

Using this developer, the image quality was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. When the fixing rate F ₁ was measured by one flash fixing evaluation method, F ₁ was 50%. Example 8 A developer was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that 100 g of “toner 8” and 700 g of “carrier 2” were used.

The image quality was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1 using this developer. 1 was measured retention F ₁ through flash fixing evaluation method was F ₁ = 65%. Example 9 A developer was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that 100 g of “toner 9” and 700 g of “carrier 2” were used.

Using this developer, image quality was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. Retention F ₁ obtained in 1 flash fixing evaluation method was 56%. Example 10 A developer was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 710 g of “Carrier 2” was added to 90 g of “Toner 11”. The same evaluation as in Example 1 was performed except that the flash voltage was set to 1850 V using this developer. As a result, the fixing rate in one flash fixing evaluation method was F ₁ = 68%. Example 11 A developer was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 700 g of "Carrier 1" was added to 100 g of "Toner 14."
The same evaluation as in Example 1 was carried out except that the flash voltage was set to 1850 V using this developer. As a result, the fixing rate in one flash fixing evaluation method was F ₁ = 72%. Comparative Example 1 A developer was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that 730 g of "Carrier 1" was added to 70 g of "Toner 10." When the same evaluation as in Example 1 was performed using this developer, the fixing rate by the ₁ -flash fixing evaluation method was F ₁ = 41%.
And the fixability of the continuous print sample was poor. Comparative Example 2 A developer was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that 710 g of “Carrier 2” was added to 90 g of “Toner 11”. Using this developer, the same evaluation as in Example 1 was carried out. As a result, the fixing ratio in one flash fixing evaluation method was F ₁ = 47%.
Met. Comparative Example 3 A developer was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that 710 g of “Carrier 1” was added to 90 g of “Toner 12”. Using this developer, the same evaluation as in Example 1 was carried out. The fixing rate by the _one -flash fixing evaluation method was F ₁ = 39%.
Met. Comparative Example 4 A developer was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 700 g of "Carrier 1" was added to 100 g of "Toner 13."
When the same evaluation as in Example 1 was performed using this developer, the fixing rate in _one -flash fixing evaluation method was F ₁ = 36.
%Met. Comparative Example 5 A developer was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 700 g of "Carrier 1" was added to 100 g of "Toner 14."
When the same evaluation as in Example 1 was performed using this developer, the fixing rate in one flash fixing evaluation method was F ₁ = 47.
%Met. Comparative Example 6 A developer was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 700 g of “Carrier 1” was added to 100 g of “Toner 15”.
When the same evaluation as in Example 1 was performed using this developer, the fixing rate by the ₁ -flash fixing evaluation method was F ₁ = 46.
%Met. The optical density (OD) of the solid black portion of this continuous print sample was slightly low, and when observed with an optical microscope (× 50), many void defects were observed. Further, when 50,000 sheets of continuous printing were performed using this developer, a large number of developer aggregates were generated in the developing device. Comparative Example 7 A developer was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 750 g of “Carrier 1” was added to 50 g of “Toner 16”. When the same evaluation as in Example 1 was performed using this developer, the fixing rate in one flash fixing evaluation method was F ₁ = 73%.
Met. However, when 50,000 sheets of continuous printing were performed using this developer, the inside of the apparatus was severely contaminated by toner scattering. Comparative Example 8 A developer was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 690 g of “Carrier 2” was added to 110 g of “Toner 17”.
When the same evaluation as in Example 1 was performed using this developer, the fixing rate by _one -flash fixing evaluation method was F ₁ = 35.
%Met. In addition, the resolution of the image of the continuous print sample was poor.

[0106]

[Table 1]

[0107]

As described above, by using the technique of the present invention, it is possible to greatly improve the toner fixing property, and to obtain a toner having a relatively high Tg, Tm, and melt viscosity under low energy conditions. Can be fixed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a graph showing a relationship between a flow tester softening point Tm and a weight average particle diameter d of toners in Examples and Comparative Examples of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view illustrating an example of an image forming apparatus according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1: photosensitive drum 2: charging device 3: LED array 4: developing device 4a: developing roll 4b: developer 4c: magnetic toner 5: recording medium 6: transport means 6a: tractor 6b: transport roller 7: transfer means 7a: transfer Charger 7b: Separate charger 8: Fixing means 8a: Light-shielding plate 8b: Reflector 8c: Flash lamp 9: Sub-charger 10: Cleaner 11: Static elimination lamp 12: Doctor blade

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A flash fixing toner containing at least a binder resin and colorant particles, wherein the toner has a flow tester softening point Tm (° C.) and a weight average particle diameter d (μm) satisfying the following expressions. Flash fixing toner. 97 ≤ Tm ≤ -1.1d + 1196 ≤ d ≤ 13 2. The melt viscosity η _{100 at} 100 ° C. is 5 × 10 ³
2. The flash fixing toner according to claim 1, wherein the toner is not less than (Pa · s). 3. The flash fixing toner according to claim 1, wherein the glass transition temperature Tg is 59 ° C. or higher. 4. The flash fixing toner according to claim 1, wherein the binder resin is a mixture of a crosslinked polyester resin and a linear polyester resin. 5. A two-component developer for electrophotography, comprising at least the toner according to claim 1 and carrier particles having a volume average diameter of 40 to 70 μm. 6. The two-component developer for electrophotography according to claim 5, wherein said carrier is a resin dispersion type carrier comprising at least a magnetic substance and a binder resin. 7. A photoreceptor on which an electrostatic latent image is formed, and a developing roll are provided therein for accommodating a developer containing toner particles and carrier particles, and via the developing roll. A developing device that supplies the toner particles to the surface of a photoreceptor to form a toner image, a transfer unit that transfers the toner image formed on the photoreceptor to a recording medium, and a toner image that is transferred to the recording medium And a fixing unit for fixing the developer, wherein the developing device is a developer.
An image forming apparatus using the developer described in the above. 8. An electrostatic latent image is formed on a surface of a photoreceptor.
Or a developer formed on the photoreceptor by supplying the toner particles by contacting or approaching the developer according to 6 with an electrostatic latent image on the surface of the photoreceptor through a developing roll to form a toner image; An image forming method comprising: transferring an image to a recording medium; and fixing the toner image transferred to the recording medium to the recording medium.