JP2001340778A - Pulverizing machine for grain chaff - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a pulverizing machine for grain CHAFFS which can save the time for pulverizing. SOLUTION: Screw vanes of a screw conveyor for supplying the grain shells from a hopper to a pulverizing section are partly lacked and the lacked parts 22 are provided with cutters 23 which are fixed to the cylindrical parts of the screw conveyor and are inwardly projected. The screw conveyor is formed as a twin-screw type. The two shafts 19A and 19B are arranged by the spacing on the pulverizing section side narrower than on the hopper side. The grain shell introducing side of the pulverizing section is provided with receiving blades in such a manner that the spacings from a hammer head may be maintained during the crushing work. The spacings of the receiving blades to the hammer head are made freely regulatable.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a crusher for crushing cereal hulls for reuse.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art It is difficult to reuse cereal husks as they are, but by crushing the husks into powder, they can be reused as auxiliary materials for mycelium production beds, vegetable production nurseries, fertilizers, feedstuffs, etc. Can be used. As such a pulverizer, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-224488 uses a screw conveyor as a means for introducing a raw material husk from a hopper to a pulverization unit.

[0003]

In the conventional crusher for grain hulls, the screw conveyor merely has a function of introducing the grain husks into the crushing section and does not contribute to crushing. Further, the grain husk introduction side of the crushing unit has only a function of simply introducing grain husks.

[0004] In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a crusher for cereal husks which has a crushing function and can shorten the crushing time.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a crusher for cereal husks, the crushing function of which does not deteriorate even after long-term use.

[0006]

According to the present invention, there is provided a crusher for cereal hulls, which comprises a crusher for crushing cereal husks and a hopper for introducing cereal husks, the screw for supplying cereal husks from the hopper to the crusher. A conveyor is provided, and the screw conveyor is provided with a cutter in which a part of the screw blade is removed, and the cutter is fixed to the cylindrical portion of the screw conveyor and is protruded inward at the missing portion. (Claim 1).

As described above, by providing the hammer head in the middle of the screw conveyor, the grain hull is partially crushed by the cutter in the middle of being supplied to the crushing section by the screw conveyor, so that the crushing efficiency is increased and the crushing time is increased. Be shortened.

Further, the grain hull crusher of the present invention is provided with a screw conveyor for feeding the grain husk from the hopper to the crushing unit between the crushing unit for crushing the grain hull and the hopper for introducing the grain hull, The screw conveyor is of a two-shaft type, and the two shafts are arranged so that the interval on the pulverizing section side is smaller than the interval on the hopper side (Claim 2).

As described above, by making the screw conveyor a two-shaft type and narrowing the width on the side of the crushing section, the grain hulls are rubbed in a compacted state, crushed to some extent before the crushing section, and the crushing efficiency is increased. The grinding time is reduced.

In the present invention, the composite structure of claims 1 and 2 (claim 3) can be adopted.

In the grain crusher of the present invention, the crushing unit includes a rotating body attached to a rotating shaft, a shaft arranged in a circumferential direction, and a hammer head rotatably arranged on each shaft. A receiving blade is provided on the grain husk introduction side of the section so as to maintain a distance from the hammer head during crushing work (claims 4 and 6).

As described above, by providing the receiving blade on the grain shell introduction side of the crushing unit, the grain hull is efficiently crushed between the hammer head and the receiving blade, the crushing efficiency is increased, and the crushing time is reduced. .

Further, the present invention is characterized in that the distance between the receiving blade and the hammer head is adjustable (claims 5 and 7).

As described above, by making the distance between the hammer head and the receiving blade adjustable, a suitable distance can be set according to the type of grain hull, the grain hull is efficiently crushed, and the crushing efficiency is increased. The grinding time is reduced. In addition, when the receiving blade is worn and the above-mentioned space is widened, the crushing performance can be recovered by adjusting the space, and the crushing efficiency can be maintained for a long time.

[0015]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing an embodiment of a grain crusher according to the present invention. In FIG.
Reference numeral 1 denotes a frame on which a crusher is mounted.
And a crushing unit 3 and a screw conveyor 4 for supplying grain husks from the hopper 2 to the crushing unit 3. The crushing unit 2
A cylindrical case 5 fixed on the frame 1 is provided.
, The rotating shaft 6 is rotatably penetrated. The rotating shaft 6 is supported by bearings 7 provided on both sides of the frame 1. One or more rotating bodies 8 are provided on the rotating shaft 6. Then, a plurality of shafts 9 are fixedly mounted on the rotating bodies 8 at both ends thereof, and a hammer head 11 made of, for example, a rectangular plate-shaped hard steel material is rotatably mounted on each shaft 9. The hammer head 11 is mounted by rotatably fitting a hole provided at the eccentric position to the shaft 9.

As shown in FIG. 1, a driving device for the rotary shaft 6 includes a pulley 12 provided at one end of the rotary shaft 6 and a frame 1.
And a belt 15 between the output pulley 14 of the motor 13 mounted on the vehicle.

At the lower part of the case 5, a small hole through which the crushed grain hull can pass is provided on the bottom plate of the case 5 so that the crushed grain husk falls down from the case 5 over a predetermined angle range. Alternatively, a powder passing portion (neither is shown) made of a wire mesh is provided.

The screw conveyor 4 is shown in FIGS.
As shown in (A) and (B), a screw shaft 19 and a screw blade 21 are provided in a cylindrical portion 18 forming a passage of a grain hull.
It is configured by inserting a screw consisting of Reference numeral 20 denotes a motor for rotating the screw shaft 19. Hopper 2
Is provided by connecting the lower end opening of the hopper 2 to the upper surface opening of the cylindrical portion 18. The cylindrical portion 18 has a structure in which the inside of the passage is cut off from the outside between the hopper 2 and the crushing portion 3.

In this crusher for grain hulls, grain husks are supplied into the hopper 2, and the screw shaft 19 is rotated by the motor 20.
The crushing of the grain husk is performed by rotating at a speed of 000 rpm.
Due to the rotation of the rotator 8, each hammer head 11 is rotated by a centrifugal force while taking a radial position such that its center of gravity is outside the axis 9, and the hammer head 11 hammers the grain hulls supplied from the hopper 2 by the screw conveyor 4. The grain hulls are crushed by impact with the impact by the head 11. The crushed and crushed grain husks fall from the small holes in the powder passage at the bottom of the case 5.

When crushing of grain husks is continuously performed in a threshing mill where grain husks are accumulated, the grain hulls are automatically transferred from a collecting can or the like in which the grain husks are accumulated to the hopper 2 by, for example, a belt conveyor (not shown). The hopper 2 detects the level of the cereal husk therein, and operates the belt conveyor to move the cereal husk below a certain reference low level, and stops the belt conveyor when the hull becomes higher than a certain reference high level. The grain hull is always present at a predetermined level or more in the crushing unit 2, and a belt conveyor is also arranged below the crushing unit 3 to be collected at a predetermined place or a can, or mounted on a truck or the like.

As shown in FIGS. 2 (A) and 2 (B), the screw conveyor 4 of the present embodiment has a part (22) of the screw blade which is cut off and a screw conveyor which is formed in the cutout part 22. The cutter 23 is fixed to the cylindrical portion 18 and protruded inward. In the present embodiment, a pair of cutters 23 are provided at opposing positions, and the cutters 23 are attached to the cylindrical portion 18 at substantially the same inclination as the inclination angle of the screw blade 21. The cutter 23 divides the cylindrical portion 18 on which the cutter 23 is provided in the axial direction or in a direction perpendicular to the axis, and
3 or a hole is formed in the cylindrical portion 18 and the cutter 23 is fixed to the hole.

As described above, by providing the cutter 23 in the middle of the screw conveyor 4, the grain hull is partially cut in the middle of being supplied to the pulverizing section by the screw conveyor.
Therefore, the pulverization efficiency is increased and the pulverization time is shortened.

FIG. 2C shows another embodiment of the present invention, in which the screw conveyor 4A is of a biaxial type, and the two screw shafts 19A and 19B are located closer to the pulverizing section than the interval a on the hopper side. The intervals b are narrowed (b <a), and the grains are sent to the pulverizing section 3 while being squeezed and rubbed by rotating them in opposite directions.

As described above, the screw conveyor 4A is
By making the shaft type, and narrowing the width of the crushing part 3 side,
The cereal husks are rubbed together in a compacted state and pulverized to some extent before being pulverized in the pulverizing section 3, thereby increasing the pulverization efficiency and shortening the pulverization time. 2C, the cutter 23 shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B can be provided on the cylindrical portion 18A.

FIGS. 3 to 5 show another embodiment of the present invention, in which a receiving blade is provided on the grain husk introduction side of the crushing unit 3 so as to maintain a distance from the hammer head 11 during crushing operation. 25 is provided.

By providing the receiving blade 25 on the grain shell introduction side of the crushing unit 3 as described above, the cereal hull is crushed between the hammer head 11 and the receiving blade 25, and thus crushed efficiently, and the crushing efficiency is improved. And the grinding time is shortened.

In the present embodiment, the cutter 2
5 and at least one of its mounting plates 26
The distance W (see FIG. 5) between the hammer head 11 and the receiving blade 26 can be adjusted by inserting the bolt 28 through the nut a and screwing it to the nut 29. With such a structure, a suitable interval between the hammer head 11 and the receiving blade 26 can be set according to the type of the grain hull, the grain hull is efficiently crushed, the crushing efficiency is increased, and the crushing time is reduced. You. Further, when the receiving blade 26 and the hammer head 11 are worn and the above-mentioned interval is widened, the crushing performance can be recovered by adjusting the interval, and the crushing efficiency can be maintained for a long time.

[0028]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the screw conveyor has a cutter blade formed by removing a part of the screw blade, and fixing the cutter to the cylindrical portion of the screw conveyor and projecting inward from the lacking portion. Is provided, the grain hull is partially pulverized by the cutter in the course of being supplied to the pulverizing section by the screw conveyor, so that the pulverization efficiency is increased and the pulverization time is shortened.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the screw conveyor is a two-shaft type, and the two shafts are arranged so that the interval on the crushing section side is smaller than the interval on the hopper side, so that the grain hulls are rubbed in a compacted state. Combined and pulverized to some extent before the pulverizing section, the pulverization efficiency is increased, and the pulverization time is shortened.

According to the third aspect, the composite structure of the first and second aspects further increases the pulverizing efficiency.

According to the fourth and sixth aspects of the present invention, in the crushing unit, a shaft is arranged on a rotating body attached to a rotating shaft in a circumferential direction, and a hammer head is rotatably arranged on each shaft. Since the receiving blade is provided on the shell introduction side so as to maintain a distance from the hammer head during the crushing operation, the receiving blade is provided on the grain shell introducing side of the crushing unit, so that the grain is provided between the hammer head and the receiving blade. The shell is efficiently crushed, the crushing efficiency is increased, and the crushing time is reduced.

According to the fifth and seventh aspects, the distance between the receiving blade and the hammer head can be adjusted freely, so that a suitable distance can be set according to the type of grain hull, and the grain hull is efficiently crushed. The grinding efficiency is increased and the grinding time is reduced. In addition, when the receiving blade is worn and the above-mentioned space is widened, the crushing performance can be recovered by adjusting the space, and the crushing efficiency can be maintained for a long time.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing one embodiment of a cereal crusher according to the present invention.

2A is a cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration of a screw conveyor according to the present embodiment, FIG. 2B is a partial perspective view thereof, and FIG. 2C is a plan view illustrating another embodiment of the screw conveyor according to the present invention. It is.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing an internal structure of a screw conveyor and a pulverizing unit according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a partial plan view of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a partially enlarged sectional view of FIG. 3;

[Explanation of symbols]

1: frame, 2: hopper, 3: crushing section, 4: screw conveyor, 5: case, 6: rotating shaft, 7: bearing, 8: rotating body, 9: shaft, 11: hammer head, 12: pulley, 1
3: motor, 14: output pulley, 15: belt, 18,
18A: cylindrical portion, 19, 19A, 19B: screw shaft,
20: motor, 21: screw blade, 22: missing part,
23: cutter, 25: receiving blade, 26: mounting plate, 26a:
Slot, 27: bolt, 29: nut

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A screw conveyor for supplying grain husks from a hopper to a crushing unit is provided between a crushing unit for crushing cereal husks and a hopper for introducing cereal husks, wherein the screw conveyor is a part of a screw blade. A grain crusher, wherein a cutter is provided in the cutout portion, the cutter being fixed to the cylindrical portion of the screw conveyor and protruding inward. 2. A screw conveyor for supplying grain husks from a hopper to a crushing unit is provided between a crushing unit for crushing cereal husks and a hopper for introducing cereal husks, wherein the screw conveyor is a biaxial type. A crusher for grain hulls, wherein the two shafts are arranged so that the interval on the crushing section side is smaller than the interval on the hopper side. 3. The screw conveyor according to claim 2, wherein the screw conveyor has a part cut off from the screw blade and a cutter fixed to the cylindrical part of the screw conveyor and protruded inward at the cutout part. A crusher for grain husks. 4. The crushing unit according to claim 1, wherein the crushing unit includes a rotating body attached to a rotating shaft, a shaft disposed in a circumferential direction, and a hammer head rotatably disposed on each shaft. A crusher for grain hulls, characterized in that a receiving blade is provided on the grain husk introduction side of the crushing unit so as to maintain a distance from the hammer head during crushing work. 5. The grain crusher according to claim 4, wherein said receiving blade is adjustable in distance from a hammer head. 6. A screw conveyor for supplying grain husks from a hopper to a crushing unit is provided between a crushing unit for crushing cereal husks and a hopper for introducing cereal husks, wherein the crushing unit is attached to a rotating shaft. Shafts are arranged on the rotating body in the circumferential direction, hammer heads are rotatably arranged on each shaft, and receiving blades are provided on the grain husk introduction side of the crushing unit so that a distance from the hammer head is maintained during crushing work. A crusher for grain hulls, wherein the receiving blade has an adjustable distance to a hammer head. 7. The grain crusher according to claim 6, wherein a distance between the receiving blade and the hammer head is adjustable.