JP2001321758A - Non-combustible building material mainly using waste as raw material - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To fractionate regenerable waste from refuse mainly issued from home to subject the residue to regeneration treatment to obtain a building material and to utilize the building material to build a fire and weather resistant house. SOLUTION: A floor is formed by casting floor material concrete containing waste on a concrete sub slab and a load bearing wall is constituted by the extrusion molding or form casting molding of a raw material being aggregate which is obtained by kneading a setting stabilizer with regenerated old paper and waste and a roof truss is constituted of a waste-containing truss material.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION There is a technology relating to building materials that the present inventors have studied and accumulated over many years. The mobilization of these technologies is mainly related to the construction of houses made from waste.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventional building technology is based on a wooden house.
For example, logging the world's precious forests or, if it is made of concrete, breaking down the mountains to produce crushed stones or excavating the seabed or riverbed to collect gravel sand and use it as aggregate. Had to destroy the natural environment.

[0003] As for waste disposal, incinerator waste is currently incinerated for the purpose of volume reduction. Regardless of the reason, incineration should be carried out while knowing that it is the worst disposal method for global environmental protection, such as polluting the air and condensing harmful substances in the residue ash. I can say that it was necessary evil that had to be done.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION As described above, the present inventor has long studied the technology of recycling waste materials into building materials. The basic method of treating waste is to recycle all waste as unlimited resources without incineration. The garbage discharged from the household can be selected from recyclable garbage, glass, cans, etc., and the rest can be made into building materials and boards by the patent technology applied by the present inventors. . In addition, there are many things that can be selectively used from not only household waste but also industrial waste.

[0005]

In order to reduce the amount of waste discharged in large quantities to zero, it is necessary to regenerate waste to be consumed in large quantities. Never take up your waste and incinerate or landfill it. If so, that is not the idea of those who want eternal development. Now, even if we manage to surpass it, we must not forget that, as the saying goes, "If the dust accumulates, it will be a mountain," we will surely get stuck in the age of the next generation of descendants. The amount of waste must be recycled or recycled, and the amount discarded is
It must be set to zero.

The present invention can be said to have been developed to convert a "rabbit hut", which is also referred to as a general review of Japanese houses, into a house comparable to Europe and the United States. Industrial waste and the like shall be disposed of at the responsibility of the discharging company and shall be disposed of at zero. Here, household waste is mainly considered. As shown in the following table, 50% of household garbage is garbage that cannot be recycled and is discarded. In Tokyo, annually, {(population: about 14 million people) x (annual garbage emissions per person: 0.5 tons)}
X (dumping rate: 50%) = approximately 3.5 million tons of garbage are discharged, dumped and incinerated. In order to use this as a building material, assuming that, on average, 40% of the material other than waste is mixed in volume ratio, the specific gravity of waste is 1.2 t / m ³ and the other average specific gravity is If it is 1.8 t / m ³ , 3.5 million tons of garbage will be about 7 million tons of building material. If it takes about 100 tons of building material to build a single house (about 50 tsubo), the house that can be manufactured in one year with the above garbage is 7,000,000 tons / 100 tons = 70,
000 houses can be built.

[0007] Contents of household waste in Tokyo's 23 wards

[0008] Assuming that the number of households in Tokyo is about 5.5 million, the number of households wishing to construct a new building is assumed to be about 1% of the number of new homes per year by this Building Law. 50,000 houses will be built. 70,0 per year
It is 80% demand to meet the desired household of 55,000 units with the capacity of 00 units, so the figures quoted in the calculation here are not based on accurate statistics, but should be satisfied. You can think of it as a result. If household garbage alone is not enough, industrial waste such as “thermal ash fly ash” and “automobile shredder dust”, which are difficult to dispose of, will be aggregated. It can be used as a part of raw materials for manufacturing.

[0009]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION As an example, a detailed description is given of a house having a total of 50 tsubo as shown in FIG. In the first-floor plan view (area = about 10 m × about 8 m) of the plan view of FIG. 5, a thick black line indicates the position of the load-bearing wall. The load-bearing walls give the house its strength. The strength etc.
It is needless to say that it should be created according to the strength stipulated in government ordinances. The aggregate used for the load-bearing wall and the like is assumed to be manufactured and used according to the inventions of Nos. 28 and 29 described in Table 1 of claim 1.

[0010] The "claims" relating to the concrete aggregate of "claims" of No. 29 in Table 1 of claim 1 are described here for reference. [Claim 1] Discarded polyvinyl chloride resin is shredded to about several millimeters, used paper is crushed into cotton, and vinyl: used paper is mixed at a ratio of 10: 0 to 5: 5. A composition.
(If the content of household waste is mainly the ratio of vinyl and waste paper is close to the above ratio, the whole waste may be finely divided into the A composition.) For 100 parts by weight of the A composition In order to enhance strength, heat resistance, flame resistance and the like, 10 to 35 parts by weight of the B composition is kneaded as a solidification stabilizer. In order to knead the A composition and the B composition, the A composition is heated to soften vinyl, and the B composition which is a powder is kneaded into the mixture.
After extruding this kneaded product, it is cooled, crushed, and sized to obtain an aggregate C composition for concrete. The B composition is at least one selected from the group consisting of aluminum hydroxide, sodium silicate, and calcium chloride, light-burned dolomite, fujibeton, Portland cement-based cement, silica cement, alumina cement, slaked lime, fly ash, and bentonite. A powder obtained by mixing 10 to 30 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of two types of mixed cements.

The above-mentioned aggregate is obtained by kneading a maximum of 35 parts by weight of a solidification stabilizer (composition B) with respect to 100 parts by weight of waste (composition A), so that its specific gravity is about 1.4. : B
Is 80.2: 19.8, and the aggregate is within the scope of claim 1.

First, the ground is excavated to form a groove of a foundation shown in the lower part of FIG. Since the concrete of the base part does not need to be particularly lightweight, the ready-mixed concrete is manufactured by using the number 6, the title of the invention, the name of the invention, the unfired artificial aggregate, etc. developed by the present inventor (Table 1 in claim 1). Is also good. After calculating the necessary strength, the thickness, the thickness of the reinforcing bar, the density, etc. are determined, and the formwork panel for casting concrete No. 13 in Table 1 described in claim 1 is cast into the formwork. Add more
Complete the upper base of the inverted T-shape. The added part will also be cast in place.

The uniaxial compressive strength of the concrete at this time is as follows:
At a normal temperature, it is set to 210 kg / cm ² or more. According to [Table 3] described in No. 29 of Table 1,
Since the uniaxial compressive strength indicates 428 kg / cm ² ,
Furthermore, it is possible to make the composition poor. After curing, the soil is buried back to the GL on the outside of the foundation and to the bottom of (13) in FIG. 1 on the inside. The content of waste in this foundation concrete is mainly waste contained in aggregate,
[0010] Bending strength of Example 4 of "Form panel for pouring concrete" of No. 23 of Table 1 above: 181 kg
Even at the time of / cm ² , the volume ratio was about 63%, and the uniaxial compressive strength at that time was 428 kg / cm ² . This passed within the scope of claim 1.

Next, the construction of the floor of the first floor will be described. In FIG. 1, the reinforcing bar (11) extending from the center of the foundation is
It is bent at a right angle and connected to the reinforcing bar (10) on the floor by a lap joint. Also, the load-bearing walls of the first-floor walls are factory-manufactured, and as shown in the lower end of the plan view of FIG. The splicing method includes a binding method, a single-side welding method, a double-side welding method, and the like. In each case, the minimum value of the overlapping length, 40d to 10d, is determined by the thickness of the reinforcing bar. (D is the diameter of the rebar) 13
13mm × 1 in the case of double-sided welding
0 = 130 mm overlap. After the splicing, the floor is placed on the insulation material of (13) and (12),
Pour the floor concrete. This would be convenient to be done by cast-in-place. For floor concrete and waste concrete, the content of waste is 7
2%.

When the lap joint of the wall material is completed, the lap joint space below the wall material is filled with the same type of concrete as the wall. The load-bearing wall is formed by extrusion molding or mold casting using recycled paper such as No. 22 fire-resistant board composition in Table 1 according to claim 1 and the above-described aggregate.
The waste content is 57-65%.

The method of connecting the second floor and the load-bearing wall is as shown in the upper half of FIG. At the upper end of the load-bearing wall on the first floor, a cutout and a jaw are provided for connecting the load-bearing wall on the second floor and the floorboard on the second floor. With these angle brackets in between, ▲
Tighten with bolts h ▼ iｉ and jｊk ▼. The load-bearing wall (b) on the second floor has a cutout at the bottom, and the upper end has no cutout for mounting the truss shown in FIG. The joint between the truss and the wall is bolted across the angle as shown in FIG.

The truss of the roofing material refers to a structure in which three members are connected in a triangular shape and are connected. Each member is subjected to compressive or tensile forces, and the entire truss is characterized by resisting bending. The truss is best used as a beam for Thomas fire-resistant boards that are relatively weak in bending strength alone. The truss is connected as shown in Fig. 3 as the top beam on the second floor. Trusses, like formwork panels, may be considered to contain 52% waste. For the ceiling panel of (11), a Thomas ceramics board or the like is used as a decorative board during interior construction work.

[0018]

【Example】 The amount of waste contained in the vinyl chloride decorative board product is shown in Table 1, No. 28: Passed because the waste contained 86% in total.

When concrete is manufactured from the above aggregate The waste is 86% × 75% = 64.5%. [00
Even if a load-bearing wall, a floor material column, or the like is manufactured by using [11] as an aggregate, since it is within the scope of claim 1, it is certain that the building will pass. The uniaxial compressive strength of the concrete is 400 kg / cm ² or more as described above.

[0020]

If this method becomes widespread, the amount of garbage emitted from homes is reduced to zero, and there are many merits such as improvement of the global environment, protection of green resources, and elimination of the so-called rabbit hut. The inventor of the present invention hopes that these effects will be remarkably exhibited and spread worldwide.

The fact that the material is nonflammable has been tested at the time of the invention of each of the building materials in Table 1 of Claim 1 and is therefore omitted here. Furniture can also be made of tough, fire-resistant, non-perishable buildings if it is made of a non-twist material, such as Thomas fire-resistant boards, and a house that can withstand earthquakes and large fires.

For imparting fire or flame resistance to resins, see Table 1, Nos. 16, 17, 25 and 26 in Claim 1.

[Brief description of the drawings]

[Figure 1] Explanatory cross-sectional view of the joint between the base and the first floor and the joint with the second floor ｛Description of the lower half｝ Joint of the foundation and the first floor The ground strength of the foundation ground is normal If so, a trench for burying the foundation corresponding to the design is excavated as shown in the figure (one example). Spread 15-20 cm of crushed stone at the bottom of the groove.
cm (1 example) Cast in place. Concrete strength: 135kg
/ Cm ² or more Forming is performed, and foundation concrete (mixed concrete made by the present inventor) is poured. Concrete strength: 210kg /
cm ² or more The diameter of the base reinforcing bar is a reinforcing bar with hooks and is determined by calculation from the load and the ground strength.
Is 9, 13, 16, 22, 25 mm, etc.), main muscle D-16-22 mm (example) Abdominal muscle D-9-13 mm (example) Stirrup D-13-16 mm (example) Floor concrete After constructing the foundation in the excavated trench, backfilling it, hitting the inventor's stake on it, further laying the board-like (13) inventor's twist-resistant insulation, Is installed. At this time, in order to connect with the foundation concrete,
And lap joints. (If D = 16 mm or less, in the case of a double-sided welded joint, 10d is sufficient, so the joint has a maximum overlap length of 16 cm.) (10) Overlay of floor (cast-in-place) reinforcing steel and foundation anchor Joint part (11) The reinforcing bar passing through the center of the foundation is a reinforcing bar for connecting with the reinforcing bar on the floor of (10). In order for the reinforcing bar to be fixed to the base body, a length of 35d or more must be embedded. No. When D = 13 mm, the fixing length is 13 mm × 35.
= 455 mm. ▲ 12 ▼ Insulation material (from the top of the old ground to the top of the insulation, 3
0cm) (13) Discarded concrete on backfill soil. ｝ Explanation of the upper half｝ Joining of the floor on the second floor ▲ a ▼ Panel standing up from the foundation (characterized by jaws for mounting floor beams on the second floor) ▲ b ▼ Wall panel on the second floor (factory-made) ▲ c ▼ Floor panel (factory-made) (▲ a ▼ ▲ b ▼)
(C) The three members are joined by bolts of (h), (i) and (j) and (k). (D) Space, (filled with mortar later). (E) Angle calculation for joint (iron) necessary. (F) Insulation material plate (urethane foam waste due to the inventor's difficulty in twisting, etc.) (g) After the skeleton is completed, a ceiling plate is stretched. (H) (i) (j) (k) Place the connecting angle (e) on the (a) jaw and fix with bolts.

FIG. 2 The roof skeleton on the second floor has trusses arranged as shown in the figure. The truss is a structure in which three straight members (13) are connected to each other in a triangular shape by a rigid connection using pins, and are connected as shown in the figure. The truss is characterized by its simple structure and excellent load carrying capacity and wind stability. As shown in the above, the members that go straight to the truss are combined to create a plane on the top of the roof, and a Thomas fireproof board etc. is stuck on it,
Used as a base for the roof.

[FIG. 3] The connection between the truss and the beam on the second floor is fixed by bolts with angle members (10). When it is necessary to extend the bottom beam of the truss, it is connected by bolts as shown in (11) '. ▲ 12 ▼ ▲ 13 ▼
(12) and (12) '(13)' (13) 'are examples in which three members of the truss are connected by one bolt.

FIG. 4 is a view showing a manufacturing procedure of the panel. The size of the panel is 1000 mm × 3000 mm as a standard, but may be changed as needed. Reinforcing bars change in thickness, density, and the like in accordance with the strength calculation. We produce various types of products, mainly from changes in thickness and from applying the required cosmetic plate on the surface to releasing the product, mainly at the factory. (C) in the plan view is a reinforcing bar for the welded joint, and it is specified that if the both sides are welded to the reinforcing bar from below, it is sufficient to overlap by 10d. After welding, this space is filled. The cutouts in (d) and (e) are for fixing to the upper beam, etc., and require strength calculation, but bolting would be better.

Fig. 5 Floor plan of a house assumed as an example 1st floor (10,000 mm x 8,000 mm) Entrance dining room Bathroom Living room Toilet Japan Stairs Elevator Kitchen ▲ 10 Floor Between floors 2 (10,000 mm x 8,000 mm) ▲ a ▼ Couple's bedroom ▲ d ▼ Reception room ▲ b ▼ Children's room ▲ e ▼ Toilet ▲ c ▼ Guest room ▲ f ▼ Closet The window uses a metal sash.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) E04B 1/94 B09B 5/00 M

Claims (1)

[Claims] There are many inventions relating to building materials developed by the present inventors as shown in Table 1 below. Remarks: The inventions of Nos. 1 and 2 in the above table are called "Acres". The invention of No. 8 is a soil hardening agent and is called Fujibeton (trade name). The mortar composition for producing the non-fired tile of No. 9 is called Thomas Ceramics Str. Number 19,
22 and 24 are trade names Thomas Fireproof Board. These have many sales results and long-term stability of the products has been confirmed. The inventor of the present invention has comprehensively combined technologies related to partial building materials with many achievements described above, and mainly recycles waste, high-strength, hard-to-twist, and additionally does not rot, high-grade The purpose is to build inexpensive residential buildings. The invention products of the above building materials are all of the building materials necessary for the building (from foundation materials to columns, load-bearing walls, floor boards, ceiling boards, roofing materials,
From blanking materials to various aggregates), if necessary, are to be factory-produced or cast-in-place (on-site production)
It has a feature that you can select either. In the building,
Wooden, masonry, reinforced concrete block, steel frame,
There are types such as reinforced concrete, steel-framed reinforced concrete, and unreinforced concrete. The present invention has a feature that can be used for some or all of these buildings.
It is a claim of the present invention that the present building or the part using the present invention contains 50 to 90% (volume ratio) of waste as a raw material in the used building materials.