JP2001321088A - Eggshell quality-improving feed - Google Patents
Eggshell quality-improving feedInfo
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- JP2001321088A JP2001321088A JP2000138510A JP2000138510A JP2001321088A JP 2001321088 A JP2001321088 A JP 2001321088A JP 2000138510 A JP2000138510 A JP 2000138510A JP 2000138510 A JP2000138510 A JP 2000138510A JP 2001321088 A JP2001321088 A JP 2001321088A
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- Prior art keywords
- vitamin
- feed
- ryukyu
- added
- willow
- Prior art date
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Abstract
Description
【0001】[0001]
【発明が属する技術分野】本発明は家禽用飼料及び卵殻
質の改善方法に関する、さらに詳述すれば、リュウキュ
ウヤナギの葉を配合した家禽用配合飼料およびその飼料
を給与して卵殻質を改善する方法を提供するものであ
る。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a poultry feed and a method for improving eggshell quality. More specifically, the present invention relates to a poultry mixed feed containing Ryukyu willow leaves and the feed is fed to improve eggshell quality. It provides a way to:
【0002】[0002]
【従来の技術】卵殻の破損は、鶏卵の商品化率を低下さ
せ、収益性を落とすことから発生率を減少させることが
急務となっている。国内における卵殻の破損卵による損
失については十分明らかでないが、Roland(Poult.Sci,6
7:1801,1988)がアメリカにおいて8,100万羽を対象に実
施した破損卵の調査結果を基に、アメリカと同一比率で
破損卵が国内で発生すると仮定すれば、約310億円/年の
損失となる(坂井田1998、高品質卵の生産技術と流通
(2))。飼料内容を見直すことによって破損卵を減少
させる方法として、カルシウム・リンの含量、カキガラ
等のカルシウム源、ビタミン剤、重炭酸ナトリウム、ゼ
オライト、木酢液、生菌剤等が検討されている。しか
し、完全に有効な方法が見出されているとは言い難く、
卵殻を改善することによって破損卵を減少させる配合飼
料又は混合飼料が望まれている。2. Description of the Related Art There is an urgent need to reduce the incidence of eggshell breakage, which lowers the commercialization rate of chicken eggs and reduces profitability. The loss due to broken eggs in eggshells in Japan is not sufficiently clear, but Roland (Poult.
(7: 1801,1988), based on a survey of 81 million broken eggs in the U.S. based on a survey of broken eggs, assuming that broken eggs occur in Japan at the same rate as in the United States, resulting in a loss of about 31 billion yen / year. (Sakai 1998, Production technology and distribution of high quality eggs (2)). As a method of reducing broken eggs by reviewing feed contents, calcium and phosphorus contents, calcium sources such as oysters, vitamins, sodium bicarbonate, zeolite, wood vinegar, viable bacteria, and the like have been studied. However, it is hard to say that a completely effective method has been found,
There is a need for a compound feed or mixed feed that reduces broken eggs by improving the eggshell.
【0003】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明は、活性型ビタ
ミンD3様因子を含有するリュウキュウヤナギの葉のビ
タミンD3活性値を算出し、リュウキュウヤナギの葉を
産卵鶏に給与することによって加齢によって低下する卵
殻質を改善する家禽用配合飼料を提供するものである。[0007] The present invention is, that calculates the vitamin D 3 activity value of the Ryukyu willow leaf containing the active form of vitamin D 3-like factors, to pay the leaves of the Ryukyu willow in laying hens The present invention is to provide a mixed feed for poultry which improves eggshell quality which is reduced by aging.
【0004】[0004]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明者等は、リュウキ
ュウヤナギの葉には、鶏においてビタミンD3として乾
物1 kg当たり30万IU程度の活性があることを見出し、こ
れを産卵鶏の老鶏に給与することにより卵殻が著しく改
善されることを見出した。The present inventors have SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION are, in the leaves of Ryukyu willow, found that there is a dry 1 kg per 300,000 IU of about active as vitamin D 3 in chickens, laying hens this It has been found that the eggshell is remarkably improved by feeding the rooster.
【0005】ビタミンD3は、小腸からのカルシウムの
促進や骨からのカルシウムの血中への放出等、産卵鶏の
カルシウムの代謝に重要な役割を果たしているビタミン
であり、欠乏すると卵殻質と産卵成績を悪化させる。ビ
タミンD3は、肝臓で25位(25-OH-D3)、次いで腎臓で
1α位が水酸化されて活性型(1α-25(OH) 2-D3;以
下、活性型ビタミンD3と略)に代謝されて初めて生体
内で効果を発揮する。従って、ビタミンD3そのもので
なく、活性型ビタミンD3に代謝されないと生体内で効
果が無く、ビタミンD3を大量に投与してもそれほど効
果を発揮しないことが知られている(Garlich and Wayt
t,Poult.Sci.,50:950.1971、Berg et,al, Poult.Sci.,3
0:799.1951)。一方、25-OH-D3から活性型ビタミンD3に
代謝する役割を果たす腎臓中の1α水酸化酵素活性は、
加齢に伴い著しく減少し、その結果、特に老齢鶏におい
て小腸、皮質骨及び骨髄骨中の活性型ビタミンD3濃度
が著しく減少する。従って、加齢に伴う卵殻質の低下
は、1α水酸化酵素活性の低下により活性型ビタミンD
3が標的臓器に充分供給できないことが一つの要因とな
っており(Abe,et,al,J.Nutr.,112:436.1982、阿部ら,骨
代謝,15:93.1982)、血漿中の活性型ビタミンD3濃度が
高くなると卵殻重が増加する(Soares et,al, Poult.Sc
i.,59:1663.1980)。[0005] Vitamin D 3 plays an important role in the metabolism of calcium in laying hens, such as promotion of calcium from the small intestine and release of calcium from the bone into the blood. Poor performance. Vitamin D 3 is active (1α-25 (OH) 2 -D 3 ; hereinafter referred to as active vitamin D 3 ) by being hydroxylated at position 25 (25-OH-D 3 ) in the liver and then at 1α in the kidney. It is effective in vivo only after being metabolized. Therefore, vitamin D 3 not itself, if not metabolized to an active vitamin D 3 no effect in vivo, are known not exert much effect even if administered vitamin D 3 in a large amount (Garlich and Wayt
t, Poult.Sci., 50: 950.1971, Berg et, al, Poult.Sci., 3
0: 799.1951). On the other hand, 1α-hydroxylase activity in the kidney, which plays a role in metabolizing 25-OH-D 3 to active vitamin D 3 ,
It decreases significantly with aging, and as a result, the concentration of active vitamin D 3 in the small intestine, cortical bone and bone marrow bone decreases particularly in aged chickens. Therefore, the deterioration of eggshell quality with aging is caused by the decrease of 1α-hydroxylase activity,
One of the factors is that 3 cannot supply enough to the target organ (Abe, et, al, J. Nutr., 112: 436.1982, Abe et al., Bone metabolism, 15: 93.1982), and active vitamins in plasma D 3 concentration of the eggshell heavy increases higher (Soares et, al, Poult.Sc
i., 59: 1663.1980).
【0006】しかし、活性型ビタミンD3は、合成品で
あるとともに使用量が適切でないと弊害を誘発する。ま
た、人が食する鶏卵を生産するための飼料としては、安
全性が強く望まれており、飼料に用いる原料等について
は、天然物であることが望ましい。リュウキュウヤナギ
は、ブラジル南部及びウルグアイ原産で、観賞のため栽
培される常緑低木であり、江戸時代の末期に琉球へ持ち
込まれたことにより日本名をリュウキュウヤナギと言
う。天然物であるリュウキュウヤナギの葉には、活性型
ビタミンD3様因子が含有されていることが報告されて
いる(Wasserman et,al, J.Nutr.106:457,1976)が、家
禽に対する生物的効果と卵殻に対する効果についての報
告例はない。However, active vitamin D 3 is a synthetic product and causes harm if used in an inappropriate amount. Further, safety is strongly desired as a feed for producing chicken eggs to be eaten by humans, and raw materials and the like used for the feed are desirably natural products. Ryukyu willow is an evergreen shrub native to southern Brazil and Uruguay that is cultivated for ornamental purposes. The Japanese name Ryukyu willow was introduced to Ryukyu in the late Edo period. It has been reported that the leaves of Ryukyu willow, a natural product, contain an active vitamin D 3- like factor (Wasserman et, al, J. Nutr. 106: 457,1976). There are no reports on biological effects and effects on eggshells.
【0007】実施例1 AOAC法(Official Methods of Analysis of the Associa
tion of Official Analytical Chemists,1995)による雛
を用いたビタミンD3のバイオアッセイに準拠してリュ
ウキュウヤナギの葉のビタミンD3活性の測定を実施し
た。試験には、ハイラインマリアの初生雛64羽を用
い、各区に8羽ずつ供試した。試験飼料は、ビタミンD
3無添加基礎飼料及びビタミンD3無添加基礎飼料にビタ
ミンD3又はリュウキュウヤナギの葉を添加した飼料と
し、これを3週間給与した。リュウキュウヤナギの葉
は、凍結乾燥したものを用い、添加量は乾物当たりとし
た。測定項目は、体重、飼料摂取量、育成率、足指灰分
重量、脛骨灰分重量及び血清中活性型ビタミンD3濃度
とした。尚、処理区は以下のように設定しまた、ビタミ
ンD3無添加の基礎飼料である1区の配合率は表1に、
そして成分値(設計値)は表2に示した。 Example 1 AOAC method (Official Methods of Analysis of the Associa)
Measurement of vitamin D 3 activity of Ryukyu willow leaves was carried out in accordance with a bioassay for vitamin D 3 using chicks according to Action of Official Analytical Chemists, 1995). For the test, 64 newborn chicks of High Line Maria were used, and 8 chicks were used in each section. The test feed is vitamin D
The feed was prepared by adding vitamin D 3 or Ryukyu willow leaves to the base feed without 3 and the base feed without vitamin D 3, and fed for 3 weeks. Ryukyu willow leaves were freeze-dried, and the amount added was per dry matter. The measurement items were body weight, feed intake, growth rate, toe ash weight, tibia ash weight, and serum active vitamin D 3 concentration. In addition, the treatment section was set as follows, and the mixing ratio of the section 1 which is the basic feed without vitamin D 3 is shown in Table 1,
The component values (design values) are shown in Table 2.
【表1】 [Table 1]
【表2】 [Table 2]
【0008】実施例2 表3に飼育成績の結果を示した。ビタミンD3含量を0
〜1400 IU/kgまで増加させた1区から5区(スタンダー
ド)では、ビタミンD3含量を高めるに伴い、増体重が増
加することが認められ、ビタミンD3含量の増加と増体
重の改善との間に用量反応(Dose-response)が認めら
れた(Y=71.608+0.078744X−0.000033401X2(R2
=0.936)、X;飼料中のビタミンD3含量(IU/kg)、Y;
増体重(g))。飼料摂取量は、ビタミンD3を800IU添加
した4区、1400IU添加した5区においてビタミンD3無
添加の1区に比べて、それぞれ17、18%増加した。飼料
要求率は、ビタミンD3含量を高めるに伴い減少した。
一方、リュウキュウヤナギの葉を0.17%添加した6区の
増体重は、3区と4区の間、即ち、ビタミンD3含量と
して、200〜800 IU/kgの間にあること、0.67%添加した
7区では、1400 IU/kg添加した5区と同等であることが
示された。2.67%添加した8区では、逆に、3区(200 IU
/kg)程度の増体重であった。Example 2 Table 3 shows the results of rearing results. Vitamin D 3 content is 0
To 1400 IU / kg 5 ° from the first district that was increased to the (standard), with the increase of vitamin D 3 content, it is recognized that increasing weight gain, and the improvement of growth and weight gain of the vitamin D 3 content A dose response (Dose-response) was observed during (Y = 71.608 + 0.078744X−0.000033401X 2 (R 2
= 0.936), X; vitamin D 3 content in the diet (IU / kg), Y;
Weight gain (g)). Feed intake, 4 ° was added 800IU vitamin D 3, as compared with the first district of vitamin D 3 without addition at 5 ° was added 1400IU, was increased by 17%. Feed conversion ratio was decreased with increase the vitamin D 3 content.
On the other hand, increasing the weight of 6 ° was added 0.17 percent leaves Ryukyu willow, between 3 ° and 4 °, i.e., a vitamin D 3 content, that is between 200 to 800 IU / kg, added 0.67% did
In section 7, it was shown to be equivalent to section 5 in which 1400 IU / kg was added. Conversely, in Section 8 with 2.67% addition, Section 3 (200 IU
/ kg).
【表3】 [Table 3]
【0009】実施例3 表4、表5に足指灰分の測定結果を示した。尚、足指灰
分の測定は、AOACに準拠して実施した。即ち、左足の中
央の趾骨の第2と第3関節の間で切り離したものを足指
とし、これを100℃で8時間乾燥した後、600℃で4時間灰
化しものの重量を灰分重量とした。ビタミンD3含量を
0〜1400 IU/kgまで増加させた1区から5区(スタンダ
ード)では、乾燥重量、灰分重量及び灰分割合のいずれ
においてもビタミンD3含量を高めるに伴い増加した。
灰分割合も200 IU/kg添加した3区を除き、ビタミンD3
含量を高めるに伴い増加し、800 IU/kg で平行となっ
た。一方、リュウキュウヤナギの葉を0.17%添加した6
区の灰分割合は、増体重は、3区と4区の間、即ち、ビ
タミンD3含量として、200〜800 IU/kgの間にあるこ
と、0.67%添加した7区では、800 IU/kg 添加した4区
或いは1400 IU/kg添加した5区と同等であることが示さ
れた。2.67%添加した8区では、逆に、3区(200 IU/kg)
と同程度の灰分割合であった。Example 3 Tables 4 and 5 show the measurement results of toe ash content. The measurement of toe ash was performed in accordance with AOAC. That is, the one separated between the second and third joints of the toe bone in the center of the left foot was used as a toe, which was dried at 100 ° C. for 8 hours, then ashed at 600 ° C. for 4 hours, and the weight of the ash was taken as the ash weight. . Vitamin D 3 content from District 1 was increased to from 0 to 1,400 IU / kg 5 ° in (standard), the dry weight was also increased with the increase of vitamin D 3 content in any of the ash weight and ash percentage.
Vitamin D 3 except for the three sections where 200 IU / kg was added
It increased with increasing content and became parallel at 800 IU / kg. On the other hand, Ryukyu willow leaves 0.17% added 6
Ash percentage of Gu, weight gain is between 3 ° and 4 °, i.e., a vitamin D 3 content, that is between 200 to 800 IU / kg, at the 7th district added 0.67%, 800 IU / kg It was shown to be equivalent to 4 sections where the addition was performed or 5 sections where 1400 IU / kg was added. Conversely, in Section 8 where 2.67% was added, Section 3 (200 IU / kg)
The ash content was about the same as the above.
【表4】 [Table 4]
【表5】 [Table 5]
【0010】実施例4 表6、表7に脛骨灰分の測定結果を示した。尚、脛骨灰
分の測定は、AOACに準拠して実施した。即ち、脛骨(左
足)を2分間蒸留水でボイルし、付着組織を除去した
後、破砕し、100%アルコール中で脱脂後、100℃で8時
間乾燥し、更に600℃で2時間灰化したものの重量を灰
分重量とした。脛骨灰分は、ビタミンD3含量を0〜140
0 IU/kgまで増加させた1区から5区(スタンダード)で
は、ビタミンD3含量を高めるに伴い増加し、800 IU/kg
で平行となった。また、リュウキュウヤナギの葉を添
加した6〜8区では、1400 IU/kg添加した5区とほぼ同
程度の測定結果であった。Example 4 Tables 6 and 7 show the measurement results of the tibia ash content. The measurement of tibia ash was performed in accordance with AOAC. That is, the tibia (left foot) was boiled with distilled water for 2 minutes to remove adherent tissues, crushed, degreased in 100% alcohol, dried at 100 ° C. for 8 hours, and ashed at 600 ° C. for 2 hours. The weight of the material was taken as the ash weight. Tibia ash, the vitamin D 3 content from 0 to 140
In the 1st to 5th sections (standard), which increased to 0 IU / kg, it increased with increasing vitamin D 3 content, and increased to 800 IU / kg.
Became parallel. In addition, in the 6 to 8 sections where the leaves of Ryukyu willow were added, the measurement results were almost the same as those in the 5 sections where 1400 IU / kg was added.
【表6】 [Table 6]
【表7】 [Table 7]
【0011】実施例5 表8に試験終了時における血漿中の活性型ビタミンD3
濃度の測定結果を示した。その結果、飼料へのリュウキ
ュウヤナギの葉の添加により、飼料中のビタミンD3含
量を高めるに伴い血漿中活性型ビタミンD3 濃度が増加
したが、1400 IU/kg 添加した5区では逆に減少した。
一方、リュウキュウヤナギの葉を添加した6〜8区で
は、血漿中活性型ビタミンD3 濃度は、 スタンダード
において測定値が最大となった4区の1.3〜3.12倍とな
った(表9)。Example 5 Table 8 shows that active vitamin D 3 in plasma at the end of the test.
The measurement results of the concentration are shown. As a result, the addition of Ryukyu willow leaf to feed, although plasma activated vitamin D 3 concentration with the increase of vitamin D 3 content in the feed increased, contrary to 5 ° was added 1400 IU / kg Diminished.
On the other hand, in the 6-8 ° was added leaves luchuensis willow, plasma activated vitamin D 3 concentration is measured in standard becomes 1.3 to 3.12 times the 4 wards became maximum (Table 9).
【表8】 [Table 8]
【表9】 [Table 9]
【0012】実施例6 雛を用いた飼育試験の結果から、リュウキュウヤナギの
葉の添加によりビタミンD3を添加した場合と同様な発
育が示されたこと、足指と脛骨灰分割合を測定したいず
れの結果においてもビタミンD3を添加した場合と同様
な灰分割合の増加が示された。また、血漿中活性型ビタ
ミンD3濃度を測定した結果においても、2.67%リュウ
キュウヤナギの葉を添加した場合において、ビタミンD
3を1400IU/kg 添加した5区の約3倍を越える血漿中活
性型ビタミンD3濃度の増加が示されたことから、リュ
ウキュウヤナギの葉は、強い活性型ビタミンD3活性を
有しているものと考えられた。一方、血漿中活性型ビタ
ミンD3濃度が最も高かった8区では、飼育成績と脛骨
灰分割合の減少が示されたことから、雛の発育に対する
リュウキュウヤナギの葉の最適な添加量は、0.17〜0.67
%であることが分かった。AOAC法に準拠し、足指灰分の
測定結果から、リュウキュウヤナギの葉のビタミンD3
活性の算出を行った。飼料中のビタミンD3含量と足指
灰分の測定結果から、次の回帰式が算出された。 0 IU/kg <ビタミンD3<1400 IU/kgの場合 Y=9.7464+0.0078087X−0.0000036835X2(R2=0.9
62) X:飼料中のビタミンD3含量(IU/kg)、Y:足指灰分割合
(%) 上記回帰式から算出したリュウキュウヤナギの葉のビタ
ミンD3活性を表10に示した。リュウキュウヤナギの葉
のビタミンD3活性は、0.17%添加した6区では31.9万I
U/kg、0.67%添加した7区では9.9万IU/kg程度となっ
た。これに対して、2.67%添加した8区では、0.66万IU
/kgとなり、リュウキュウヤナギの葉の過剰給与による
影響が示された。また、7区では、6区に比べてリュウ
キュウヤナギの葉のビタミンD3活性は、約1/3程度であ
った。リュウキュウヤナギの葉を0.17%添加した6区よ
り算出されたビタミンD3活性を用いて7区と8区のリ
ュウキュウヤナギの葉のビタミンD3活性を算出する
と、7区で、2172 IU/kg、8区で8528IU/kgとなる。一
般に、雛におけるビタミンD3含量の最大許容水準は、
要求量(200 IU/kg)の4〜10倍(800〜2000 IU/kg)であ
り、6区に比べて7区においてもビタミンD3活性が減
少したことは、8区と同様にビタミンD3の過剰給与に
よる影響が強いものと考えられた。以上の結果、リュウ
キュウヤナギの葉には、ビタミンD3として、30万IU/kg
以上の強い生物活性が明らかとなった。Example 6 The results of a breeding test using chicks showed that the growth was the same as when vitamin D 3 was added by adding Ryukyu willow leaves, and the toe and tibial ash content was measured. All the results showed the same increase in the ash content as when vitamin D 3 was added. In addition, the results of the measurement of the concentration of active vitamin D 3 in plasma show that when 2.67% of Ryukyu willow leaves were added, vitamin D
3 from the 1400IU / kg increase in activity vitamin D 3 concentration in plasma greater than about three times the 5 wards added was shown, luchuensis willow leaf may have a strong activity vitamin D 3 activity Was thought to be. On the other hand, in the 8th section where the plasma active vitamin D 3 concentration was the highest, the rearing performance and the decrease in the ratio of tibial ash were shown. Therefore, the optimal addition amount of Ryukyu willow leaves to the chick development was 0.17. ~ 0.67
%. According to the AOAC method, vitamin D 3 in Ryukyu willow leaves was measured based on the results of toe ash measurement.
Activity was calculated. The following regression equation was calculated from the measurement results of the vitamin D 3 content and toe ash content in the feed. 0 IU / kg <Vitamin D 3 <1400 IU / kg Y = 9.7464 + 0.0078087X−0.0000036835X 2 (R 2 = 0.9
62) X: Vitamin D 3 content in feed (IU / kg), Y: Toe ash ratio
(%) Table 10 shows the vitamin D 3 activity of Ryukyu willow leaves calculated from the above regression equation. Vitamin D 3 activity of Ryukyu willow leaves was 319,000 I in section 6 with 0.17% added.
In the 7 plots where U / kg and 0.67% were added, it was about 99,000 IU / kg. On the other hand, in the 8 ward where 2.67% was added, 0.666 IU
/ kg, indicating the effect of overfeeding Ryukyu willow leaves. In addition, the vitamin D 3 activity of the leaves of Ryukyu willow was about 1/3 in section 7 compared to section 6. After calculating the 7th district and 8 district Ryukyu willow leaf vitamin D 3 activity using the calculated vitamin D 3 activity than 6 ° was added 0.17 percent of Ryukyu willow leaf, at 7 °, 2172 IU / kg, 8528IU / kg in 8 wards. In general, the maximum allowable level of vitamin D 3 content in chicks is
The required amount (200 IU / kg) was 4 to 10 times (800 to 2000 IU / kg), and the decrease in Vitamin D 3 activity in the 7th section compared to the 6th section was the same as in the 8th section. It was thought that the effect of the overpaid of 3 was strong. As a result, 300,000 IU / kg of Ryukyu willow leaves as vitamin D 3
The above strong biological activity was clarified.
【表10】 [Table 10]
【0013】実施例7 本試験では、老齢の産卵鶏を用いて、卵殻質に対する影
響について検討した。試験には、60週齢のデカルブTX35
60羽を用い、1群に10羽ずつ供試した。試験飼料は、
ビタミンD3無添加基礎飼料及びビタミンD3無添加基礎
飼料にビタミンD3又はリュウキュウヤナギの葉を添加
した飼料を4週間給与した。リュウキュウヤナギの葉
は、実施例1と同様に凍結乾燥したものを用い、添加量
は乾物当たりとした。測定項目は、産卵率、卵重、飼料
摂取量、生存率、卵殻強度、卵殻重、卵殻厚及び卵殻の
単位表面積当たりの卵殻重とした。 単位表面積当たり卵殻重(SWUSA;Shell weight per un
it surface area)(mg/cm2)=(卵殻重(g)×1000)/
卵殻の表面積(cm2)×100 卵殻の表面積(cm2)=3.9782×EW0.7056 (EW;卵
重(g)) 尚、処理区の設定を以下に、ビタミンD3無添加の基礎
飼料である1区の配合率を表11に、および成分値(設計
値)を表12に示した。 処理 1区 ビタミンD3無添加基礎飼料 2区 基礎飼料にビタミンD3 (350IU/kg添加) 3区 基礎飼料にビタミンD3 (700IU/kg添加) 4区 基礎飼料にビタミンD3 (1400IU/kg添加) 5区 基礎飼料にリュウキュウヤナギ(225IU/kg相当量; 0.075%添加) 6区 基礎飼料にリュウキュウヤナギ(450IU/kg相当量; 0.15%添加) 7区 基礎飼料にリュウキュウヤナギ(900IU/kg相当量; 0.30%添加) 8区 基礎飼料にリュウキュウヤナギ(1800IU/kg相当量;0.60%添加) 注)リュウキュウヤナギの葉(凍結乾燥品)の活性は、 300,000IU/kg(ビタミンD3として)として添加量を推定した。Example 7 In this test, effects on eggshell quality were examined using old-aged laying hens. The test included a 60-week-old Decarb TX35
Using 60 birds, 10 birds per group were tested. The test feed is
Vitamin D 3 were fed for four weeks a diet supplemented with vitamin D 3 or Ryukyu willow leaf additive-free basal diet and vitamin D 3 without addition basic feed. Ryukyu willow leaves were freeze-dried in the same manner as in Example 1, and the amount added was per dry matter. The measurement items were egg production rate, egg weight, feed intake, survival rate, eggshell strength, eggshell weight, eggshell thickness and eggshell weight per unit surface area of the eggshell. Eggshell weight per unit surface area (SWUSA; S hell w eight per u n
it s urface a rea) (mg / cm 2 ) = (egg weight (g) x 1000) /
The surface area of eggshell (cm 2) × 100 The surface area of the egg shell (cm 2) = 3.9782 × EW 0.7056 (EW; egg weight (g)) Note that the setting of the treated area below is the basal diet of vitamin D 3 without addition Table 11 shows the compounding ratio of one section, and Table 12 shows the component values (design values). Process 1 ° vitamin D 3 vitamin D 3 additive-free basal diet 2 ° basal diet (350IU / kg added) 3 ° vitamin D 3 in basal diet (700 IU / kg added) 4 ° vitamin D 3 in basal diet (1400IU / kg Section 5 Ryukyu willow (225 IU / kg equivalent; 0.075% added to the basic feed) Section 6 Ryukyu willow (450 IU / kg equivalent; 0.15% added to the basic feed) Section 7 Ryukyu willow (900 IU added to the basic feed) Section 8 Ryukyu willow (1800 IU / kg equivalent; 0.60% added) Activity Note) Ryukyu willow leaf (lyophilized) estimated amount as 300,000 IU / kg (as vitamin D 3).
【表11】 [Table 11]
【表12】 [Table 12]
【0014】実施例8 表13に色々な含量でビタミンD3を含む飼料を給与した
場合の産卵成績の結果を、表14にビタミンD3を含まな
い飼料にリュウキュウヤナギの葉を添加した場合の結果
を示した。色々な含量でビタミンD3を含む飼料を給与
した場合、産卵率は、ビタミンD3含量を低下させるに
伴い減少し、減少の程度は、ビタミンD3を含まない1
区の場合が最も顕著であった。卵重と飼料摂取量の差は
僅かであったため、飼料要求率は、ビタミンD3無添加
の1区のみ悪化した。従って、飼料中のビタミンD3含
量が350IU/kg以下となると産卵成績が顕著に減少するこ
とが示された。Example 8 Table 13 shows the results of egg laying results obtained when feeds containing various contents of vitamin D 3 were added, and Table 14 shows the results obtained by adding Ryukyu willow leaves to a feed not containing vitamin D 3. The result was shown. When a diet containing vitamin D 3 at various contents is fed, the egg production rate decreases as the vitamin D 3 content decreases, and the degree of the decrease is 1% without vitamin D 3.
The ward was most pronounced. Since the difference in egg weight and feed intake was slightly, feed conversion ratio was deteriorated only the first district of vitamin D 3 without addition. Therefore, it was shown that when the vitamin D 3 content in the feed was 350 IU / kg or less, the egg-laying performance was significantly reduced.
【表13】 一方、ビタミンD3を含まない飼料にリュウキュウヤナ
ギの葉を添加した場合では、産卵率は、リュウキュウヤ
ナギの葉を0.15%添加した6区が他の処理区に比べて最
も優れたが、それ以外の処理区では殆ど差がなかった。
しかし、リュウキュウヤナギの葉を添加した何れの処理
区においてもビタミンD3無添加の1区に比べて産卵率
は高かった。卵重は、リュウキュウヤナギの葉を0.30%
添加した7区がリュウキュウヤナギの葉を添加したそれ
以外の処理区に比べて減少する傾向であった。飼料摂取
量は、産卵率が高かった6区と8区が5区と7区よりも
増加したが、飼料要求率には、処理区間の差は殆ど認め
られなかった。従って、リュウキュウヤナギの葉を飼料
中に0.15%以上添加すれば産卵成績には殆ど問題がない
ものと考えられた。[Table 13] On the other hand, in case of adding luchuensis willow leaf feed without vitamin D 3 is spawning rate is 6 ° was added leaves luchuensis willow 0.15% is most excellent compared to other treatment group, There was almost no difference in the other treatment areas.
However, egg production than in the first district of vitamin D 3 without addition in any of the treated group with the addition of leaves of Ryukyu willow was high. Egg weight is 0.30% of Ryukyu willow leaves
There was a tendency for the number of the added 7 sections to decrease as compared with the other sections to which the leaves of Ryukyu willow were added. The feed intake increased in the 6th section and the 8th section where the spawning rate was higher than in the 5th section and the 7th section, but the difference in the feed demand rate was hardly recognized in the treatment sections. Therefore, it was considered that there was almost no problem in spawning performance if Ryukyu willow leaves were added to the feed at 0.15% or more.
【表14】 [Table 14]
【0015】実施例9 表15にビタミンD3を、表16にリュウキュウヤナギの葉
を添加した場合の試験終了時における卵殻質測定結果を
示した。その結果、ビタミンD3を添加した場合、卵殻
強度は、ビタミンD3添加量を高めるに伴い増加し、ビ
タミンD3を700 IU/kg添加した3区でプラトーとなっ
た。一方、卵殻厚、卵殻割合及び表面積当たりの卵殻重
は、ビタミンD3を350 IU/kg添加した2区でプラトーと
なった。一方、リュウキュウヤナギの葉を添加した場合
の卵殻強度は、0.15〜0.30%添加した場合にビタミンD
3を350 IU/kg添加した2区を上回ったが、添加量を0.60
%まで高めると逆に悪化することが認められた。卵殻
厚、卵殻割合及び卵殻の単位表面積当たりの卵殻重は、
リュウキュウヤナギの葉の添加量を高めると増加した
が、0.30%以上添加しても効果がないことが認められ
た。卵殻強度は、リュウキュウヤナギの葉を0.60%添加
した場合に悪化したこと、卵殻厚、卵殻割合及び表面積
当たりの卵殻重は、0.30%以上添加しても増加しなかっ
たことから、リュウキュウヤナギの葉の最適な添加量
は、0.15〜0.30%であることが分かった。Example 9 Table 15 shows the results of measurement of eggshell quality at the end of the test when vitamin D 3 was added, and Table 16 shows the results when Ryukyu willow leaves were added. As a result, when vitamin D 3 was added, the eggshell strength increased as the amount of vitamin D 3 added was increased, and plateaued in the three sections where 700 IU / kg of vitamin D 3 was added. On the other hand, eggshell thickness, eggshell weight per eggshell percentage and surface area became plateau second district where the vitamin D 3 was added 350 IU / kg. On the other hand, eggshell strength when Ryukyu willow leaves are added, vitamin D when 0.15 to 0.30% is added
3 exceeds 350 IU / kg, but exceeds 0.60
%, On the contrary, it was recognized that it worsened. The eggshell thickness, eggshell percentage and eggshell weight per unit surface area of the eggshell are:
It increased when the amount of Ryukyu willow leaves was increased, but it was recognized that adding 0.30% or more had no effect. Eggshell strength deteriorated when 0.60% of Ryukyu willow leaves were added, and eggshell thickness, eggshell ratio and eggshell weight per surface area did not increase even when 0.30% or more was added. The optimal amount of leaf added was found to be between 0.15 and 0.30%.
【表15】 [Table 15]
【表16】 [Table 16]
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 田上 雅之 宮城県仙台市泉区寺岡4−4−17 Fターム(参考) 2B005 DA02 DA05 JA04 LA02 LB02 LB05 MA01 MA05 MB09 2B150 AA05 AB09 AE02 CD30 CE07 CE09 DA43 DD40 DH04 DH14 DH19 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Masayuki Tagami 4-4-17 Teraoka, Izumi-ku, Sendai, Miyagi F-term (reference) 2B005 DA02 DA05 JA04 LA02 LB02 LB05 MA01 MA05 MB09 2B150 AA05 AB09 AE02 CD30 CE07 CE09 DA43 DD40 DH04 DH14 DH19
Claims (4)
yllum)の葉を飼料中に乾物換算で0.15〜0.30重量%含
有してなる、家禽用配合飼料。Claims: 1. Ryukyu willow (Solanum glaucoph)
yllum) is a compound feed for poultry, comprising 0.15 to 0.30% by weight in terms of dry matter of leaves in the feed.
換算で0.15〜0.30重量%添加した飼料を家禽に給与する
ことにより、卵殻質を改善する方法。2. A method for improving eggshell quality by feeding poultry with a feed obtained by adding 0.15 to 0.30% by weight, in terms of dry matter, of Ryukyu willow leaves to the feed.
項1記載の飼料。3. The feed according to claim 1, which is a feed for chicken, duck or quail.
換算で0.15〜0.30重量%添加し、それを用いて以下家禽
類を飼育する、家禽類の飼育方法。4. A method of breeding poultry, wherein Ryukyu willow leaves are added to feed in an amount of 0.15 to 0.30% by weight in terms of dry matter, and the resulting mixture is used to breed poultry.
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Cited By (3)
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JP2010029165A (en) * | 2008-07-31 | 2010-02-12 | Nippon Formula Feed Mfg Co Ltd | Ruminant feed |
JP2012016293A (en) * | 2010-07-06 | 2012-01-26 | Nippon Formula Feed Mfg Co Ltd | Feed for fowl |
CN104206740A (en) * | 2014-09-24 | 2014-12-17 | 许伟琦 | Feed additive composition for promoting Gaoyou female ducks to lay double-yolked eggs |
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JP4856236B2 (en) * | 2009-12-28 | 2012-01-18 | 日本配合飼料株式会社 | Feed for improving eggshell quality |
Citations (3)
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---|---|---|---|---|
JPS55124459A (en) * | 1979-03-22 | 1980-09-25 | Nisshin Flour Milling Co Ltd | Shell reinforcing agent and formula feed for laying hen |
JPH02245143A (en) * | 1989-02-14 | 1990-09-28 | F Hoffmann La Roche Ag | Particle used for poultry-feeding stuff and compounding agent for fodder |
JPH08185A (en) * | 1994-06-19 | 1996-01-09 | Masaharu Hirama | Improved edible egg and edible meat and their production |
-
2000
- 2000-05-11 JP JP2000138510A patent/JP4588165B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS55124459A (en) * | 1979-03-22 | 1980-09-25 | Nisshin Flour Milling Co Ltd | Shell reinforcing agent and formula feed for laying hen |
JPH02245143A (en) * | 1989-02-14 | 1990-09-28 | F Hoffmann La Roche Ag | Particle used for poultry-feeding stuff and compounding agent for fodder |
JPH08185A (en) * | 1994-06-19 | 1996-01-09 | Masaharu Hirama | Improved edible egg and edible meat and their production |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
K.M.L.MORRIS ET AL: "''The effect on egg-shell thickness of the inclusion of the calcinogenic plant Solanum malcoxylon in", THE VETERINARY RECORD, vol. 101, no. 25, JPN6008065286, 1977, pages 502 - 504, ISSN: 0001212186 * |
NAPOLI J L, REEVE L E, EISMAN J A, SCHNOES H K, DELUCA H F: "Solanum glaucophyllum as source of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3.", J BIOL CHEM, vol. Vol.252, No.8, Page.2580-2583, JPN6008054374, 1977, US, ISSN: 0001698949 * |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2010029165A (en) * | 2008-07-31 | 2010-02-12 | Nippon Formula Feed Mfg Co Ltd | Ruminant feed |
JP2012016293A (en) * | 2010-07-06 | 2012-01-26 | Nippon Formula Feed Mfg Co Ltd | Feed for fowl |
CN104206740A (en) * | 2014-09-24 | 2014-12-17 | 许伟琦 | Feed additive composition for promoting Gaoyou female ducks to lay double-yolked eggs |
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