JP2001303766A - Separation tool and method for concrete form - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a separation tool facilitating the separation works without damaging a form and concrete in separating the form from the concrete. SOLUTION: This separation tool 1 is provided with a projecting member 2 pressurized against the concrete face C1 for projecting and a reaction transmitting member 4 transmitting a reaction, when the projecting member 2 is pressurized against the concrete face C1, to the form F. The reaction transmitting member 4 is provided with a cylindrical trunk part 4a having a female screw 4c in its inside and being inserted into the form F and an overhung part 4b integrated with the end toward the concrete face C1 in the trunk part 4a and being enlarged in the diametrical direction of the female screw 4c. The projecting member 2 is provided with a head part 2a projecting from the reaction transmitting member 4 toward the concrete face C1, a male screw part 2c connected to the female screw of the reaction transmitting member 4, and tool engagement part 2b for rotating the male screw part 2c.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a peeling tool used for peeling a mold used for concrete casting from a concrete surface later, and a mold for using the peeling tool. It relates to a peeling method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Concrete construction using a concrete formwork is generally performed as follows. First, as shown in FIG. 5B, a formwork F including a dam board F1 and a crosspiece F2 is assembled using a bar-shaped separator 50 or the like so as to form a space for placing concrete C. That is, the cone members 51 are attached to both ends of the separator 50, and the bolts 52 provided integrally with the cone members 51 are made to penetrate through the holes of the weir plates F1 and protrude outward. (Registered trademark) 53 is screwed in, and a fastening member 56 inserted into the form tie 53 is tightened with the bar member 55 along the crosspiece F2 (see FIG. 4). While pressing the form F from the outside through the bar 55 and the crosspiece F2, the inside position is determined by the cone member 51, so that the left and right form F is held at a predetermined interval. It is. In place of the cone member 51, a cup 51 'having another shape as shown in FIG. 5A may be used together with the separator 50'. The concrete placing operation is performed by holding the left and right formwork F held as shown in FIG.
It is performed by pouring concrete C between the two.

When the concrete C hardens, the form F
, That is, the work of peeling the formwork F from the concrete C is performed. First, the fastener 56 and the bar 5
5. The form tie 53, the cone member 51, and the like are removed from the separator 50, or the ends of the separators 50 and 50 'projecting from the cone member 51 and the cup 51' are broken off. Next, a bar or the like is inserted between the dam board F1 and the concrete surface C1 around the form F, and the form F is peeled off from the concrete surface C1 using the bar or the like as described above.

As another means for peeling the form from the concrete surface, an example shown in FIG.
There is also one described in JP-A-6940. This example relates to a box-shaped formwork G that forms a depression in concrete D. A hole G3 is made in a part of the formwork G, and the hole G3 is closed with a cap 25 from the side closer to the concrete D. The nut 24 is fixed to the formwork G from the side opposite to the concrete D with the center line aligned with the hole G3. When the concrete D is cast and hardened, the bolt 22 is inserted into the nut 24 as shown in the figure, and the head of the bolt 22 is protruded from the nut 24 by turning the head 22b and pressed against the concrete surface. The reaction force when the bolt 22 is pressed against the concrete surface acts on the nut 24 and the force is transmitted to the formwork G, so that the formwork G is peeled from the concrete D.

[0005]

When a form is peeled from concrete using a bar, both the form and the concrete are easily damaged. As a result, the number of times the formwork can be used repeatedly is reduced, so that the concrete construction cost tends to increase. Such a peeling operation requires a great deal of labor, and there is also a disadvantage that an excessive load is imposed on an operator.

On the other hand, when a form as shown in FIG. 6 is peeled off from a concrete surface using bolts, the labor required for peeling the form is reduced as compared with the case where a bar is used. There is still room for improvement. In other words, a) the reaction force due to the bolt pushing the concrete surface is
Concentrate the nuts in the narrow area where the nuts are fixed in the mold. Therefore, unless the formwork is of a sturdy construction,
The formwork is easily damaged around the nut when peeled from concrete. In the case of a large-sized formwork such as a flat plate-shaped form, special considerations are required because the possibility of this is particularly high.

B) In order to transmit the above reaction force to the formwork,
The fixing strength between the nut and the formwork must be sufficiently high. Therefore, the mold must be made of metal and a nut must be attached by welding, or if the mold is a general wooden one, a special fixing method must be adopted between the mold and the nut.

C) The cap (reference numeral 25 in FIG. 6) is attached as described above before the concrete is poured so that unhardened concrete does not enter the female screw portion of the nut from the hole of the formwork. There is a need. That is, a troublesome preparation work of attaching the cap to each hole one by one becomes necessary.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and does not damage the formwork and the concrete when peeling the formwork from the concrete, and the peeling operation can be easily performed with a small amount of labor. An object of the present invention is to provide a peeling tool and a peeling method that can be performed.

[0010]

According to the present invention, there is provided a peeling tool for a concrete form, which is attached to a concrete form and peels the form from a hardened concrete surface. A projecting member including a head pressed against a concrete surface, a male screw portion, and a tool engaging portion (a portion for engaging or connecting a tool) for rotating the male screw portion; In order to transmit the reaction force when the head is pressed onto the concrete surface to the formwork, a cylindrical body part having an internal thread to be coupled with the male screw part on the inside and capable of being inserted into the formwork; A protruding portion (for example, a flange-shaped portion) integrated with the end of the body portion and extending in the radial direction of the female screw; Protruding to the side The two members are assembled by coupling the female screw and the male screw part so that the head of the member is positioned.

This peeling tool, in which the reaction force transmitting member and the projecting member are assembled, is attached to the formwork by inserting the body into the formwork such that the overhang and the head are located on the concrete side. After the concrete has hardened, the form can be easily peeled off from the concrete surface only by rotating the projecting member. That is, after the concrete is hardened, when the projecting member is rotated using the tool engaging portion, the projecting member gradually projects from the reaction force transmitting member by the action of the female screw and the male screw which are connected, and the head of the concrete is moved to the concrete. Press on the surface. The reaction force transmitting member presses the form in a direction opposite to the projecting direction of the protruding member based on the reaction force received at the time of pressing, so that the form is forcibly peeled off from the concrete surface.
By the above operation, the labor required for peeling the formwork can be significantly reduced as compared with the case where a crowbar is used as in the related art, and neither the formwork nor the concrete surface is damaged.

Moreover, with respect to such peeling, a) when the projecting member is pressed against the concrete surface,
The reaction force acting on the formwork from the concrete side to the opposite side is distributed over a large area of the formwork by the projecting portion of the reaction force transmitting member, and the formwork is extremely easily damaged. Is prevented.

B) The reaction force transmitting member can be easily attached to the formwork by inserting a cylindrical body from the side where concrete is cast. In this state, the projecting portion of the reaction force transmitting member is spread outside the concrete side surface of the formwork, so the reaction force transmitting member is firmly fixed to the formwork by welding or the like. Even if it is not necessary, there is no possibility that the reaction force transmitting member will come off the mold when the reaction force acts. Therefore, regardless of the material of the mold, and without employing a special fixing method between the mold and the nut, the mold can be smoothly peeled from the concrete surface.

C) On the concrete side of the formwork, the overhang is spread as described above, but the recess formed on the concrete surface is shallow, so that the repair is easy. The overhang portion is integrated with only the end near the concrete surface of the cylindrical body portion having an internal thread, and the thickness of the overhang portion, which is the depth of the recess on the concrete surface, is This is because it is sufficiently thin compared to the entire length.

The concrete form separating tool according to the second aspect of the present invention further comprises: a projecting portion of the reaction force transmitting member is thinner as it is closer to the outer periphery (ie, thicker near the center near the body). It is characterized in that it is formed in a disk shape.

According to the peeling tool, in addition to the above-mentioned effects, d) it is possible to make the dent formed on the concrete surface as shallow as possible and to give the projecting portion of the reaction force transmitting member sufficient strength. Regarding the shape of the overhanging part, a disk-shaped one in which the stress based on the reaction force is less likely to be unevenly distributed in the circumferential direction, and a thinner part near the outer periphery where the concentration of stress is small, to reduce unnecessary thickness ,and,
The reason is that by increasing the thickness in the vicinity of the center where stress tends to concentrate, it is easy to give strength against the reaction force.

[0017] The concrete form peeling tool according to claim 3 is further characterized in that: the head of the projecting member has a radial dimension exceeding the outer diameter (diameter of the screw) of the male screw portion; When the head does not protrude from the reaction force transmitting member (that is, before the head is pressed against the concrete surface), the head closely closes the end of the internal thread of the reaction force transmitting member. And

[0018] In this peeling tool, e) Even if a cap (reference numeral 25) or the like is not attached as shown in Fig. 6 before the concrete is poured, the male screw portion of the protruding member and the female screw portion of the reaction force transmitting member are not attached. Hardened concrete does not penetrate or adhere. If the projecting member does not protrude from the reaction force transmitting member when placing concrete, the head with a larger diameter in the radial direction than the male screw part serves as a lid and closes the end of the female screw tightly. is there.
If the concrete does not penetrate the threaded portion, the movement of the protruding member is always kept smooth, and the peeling tool can be used for a long time.

A concrete mold separating method according to a fourth aspect of the present invention comprises the following steps: (a) setting the projecting member so that the projecting member does not protrude from the reaction force transmitting member;・ Mounting on the formwork before concrete placing so as to be in contact with the concrete side surface of the frame, ・ After the cast concrete is hardened, the male screw portion of the projecting member of the peeling tool is rotated to project the projecting member. The formwork is peeled from the concrete surface by pressing the head of the mold on the concrete surface. In addition,
In order to rotate the male screw portion of the projecting member, for example, a wrench is attached to the tip of an automatic rotating tool (one that is rotationally driven by an electric motor, air, or the like), and the spanner is hung on the tool engaging portion of the projecting member and turned. Good.

According to the method of the fourth aspect, the action of the above-mentioned peeling tool can be appropriately exerted, and the mold can be smoothly peeled off from the concrete surface with a small amount of labor. Since there is no danger of damaging either the formwork or the concrete surface, the concrete construction cost can be reduced, for example, the formwork can be used repeatedly for a long time. If the automatic rotating tool and the spanner are used as described above, the progress of the construction can be further streamlined.

[0021]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a peeling tool 1 according to the present invention, wherein FIG. 1 (a) is a plan view, and FIG. 1 (b) is bb of FIG. 1 (a).
It is sectional drawing. FIG. 2 shows a use state of the peeling tool 1, and is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II in FIG. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view similarly showing the state of use, and shows a procedure of peeling the form F from the concrete C by the peeling tool 1. FIG. 4 is a front view showing an arrangement state of the formwork F before being peeled off.

In FIGS. 4 and 2, F is a wooden formwork, which is composed of a flat dam plate F1 and a crosspiece F2 connected to each dam plate F1 and arranged in a lattice. Symbol C in FIG.
Is concrete cast in formwork F, C1 is formwork F
Is a concrete surface in contact with the weir plate F1 and the like. According to the conventional form shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the space for placing the concrete C is such that a plurality of formwork F are arranged to face each other, and the formwork F is separated by a separator 50 used at many places. It is formed by holding. The size of one formwork F shown in FIG.
mm × 1800mm height, multiple vertical formwork F
Are connected by nails or the like. Of the plurality of formwork F connected in such a manner, weir plate F in lowermost formwork F
Lower center of 1 (150mm height from the bottom soil)
Then, the peeling tool 1 of the invention is attached.

The peeling tool 1 is a steel-made assembly tool.
(A) and (b), a projecting member 2 pressed against the concrete surface C1, and a reaction force transmitting member for separating the form F from the concrete surface C1 by receiving a reaction force of the pressing force of the projecting member 2. 4 is provided.

The protruding member 2 has a disk-shaped head 2a formed at one end thereof and abutting against the concrete surface C1, and has a square cross section with which a spanner 6 described later is engaged at the other end. A mating portion 2b is provided, and the male screw portion 2
c is formed. The head 2a is set to have a slightly larger diameter (about 2 mm in diameter) than the male screw 2c.

On the other hand, the reaction force transmitting member 4 is formed so as to protrude radially outward from one end of the substantially cylindrical body 4a and from one end of the body 4a. And an overhanging portion 4b located between them. A female screw 4c screwed with the male screw portion 2c of the protruding member 2 is formed on the inner side of the body portion 4a near the overhang portion 4b, and the remaining portion excluding the female screw 4c has a diameter larger than that of the female screw 4c. A large rotary tool insertion hole 4d is formed. The depth of the insertion opening 4d is determined when the projecting member 2 is not allowed to project from the reaction force transmitting member 4 (that is, the state shown in FIG. 2).
It is determined so that the insertion opening 4d can completely cover the male screw portion 2c of the protruding member 2. The overhanging portion 4b has a substantially disk shape as a whole, and the side of the form F which comes into contact with the weir plate F1 serves as a pressure receiving surface, so that the overhanging portion 4b is formed in a flat shape (however, when the projecting member 2 is driven to rotate, a reaction force is generated). In order to prevent the transmission member 4 from rotating together, it is preferable to finish the surface with irregularities. On the other hand, the surface on the contact side with the concrete C is formed so that the center is raised in an arc shape. Thus, the overhang portion 4b has a thickness distribution that becomes thinner toward the outer peripheral side. Specifically, the thickness of the outermost peripheral portion is 2 mm, and the thickness of the central portion is 5 mm. With such a thickness distribution, even if the weir plate F1 is pressed, breakage or damage may occur.
The strength of the overhanging portion 4b can be sufficiently maintained so as not to be deformed.
Since b is located between the concrete surface C1 and the formwork F, the depression C3 formed on the concrete surface C1 can be made as shallow as possible, which is convenient. Further, the overhang portion 4b
Is formed at the center thereof with a housing recess 4e in which the head 2a of the projecting member 2 is housed densely. The reaction force transmitting member 4
Is a part finished by machining after integrating a steel pipe and a steel plate by welding.

The operation of peeling the formwork F from the concrete surface C1 using the peeling tool 1 of FIG. 1 is performed in the following procedure. That is, 1) Before the concrete C is cast into the formwork F, the peeling tools 1 are attached to the lower center of the formwork F at the lower center of the weir plate F1 as shown in FIG. At the time of this attachment, as shown in FIG. 2, the projecting portion 4b of the reaction force transmitting member 4 is positioned in the through-hole F3 formed in advance in the thickness direction with respect to the weir plate F1 on the concrete side. Body 4a
Then, the reaction force transmitting member 4 is inserted. At this time, the male screw portion 2c of the protruding member 2 is screwed into the female screw 4c of the reaction force transmission member 4 so that the head 2a is housed in the housing recess 4e of the reaction force transmission member 4. By doing so, the head 2a
Plays the role of a lid at the center of the overhang portion 4a, so that the mortar does not enter the female screw 4c or the male screw portion 2c during concrete casting, and the peeling operation can be performed smoothly thereafter.

2) After the concrete has been cast, when the concrete has sufficiently hardened, the form tie 53 shown in FIG.
3. The fastening member 56, the bar member 55, and the like are removed, and the protruding member 2 is rotated using an electric drill 8 which is an automatic rotating tool and a spanner 6 attached thereto, as shown in FIG. 2a is projected and pressed against the concrete surface C1. The wrench 6 has a tapered attachment portion 6a on one end and a square insertion recess 6b on the other end.
Are formed respectively. The electric drill 8 is attached and fixed to the drill attachment portion 6a of the spanner 6, and the other insertion recess 6b is inserted into the rotary tool insertion hole 4 of the reaction force transmitting member 4.
d and engaged with the tool engaging portion 2b of the projecting member 2. Then, the protruding member 2 is screwed toward the concrete surface C1 by rotating and driving the spanner 6 with the electric drill 8.

3) When the rotary drive of the electric drill 8 is continued,
The projecting member 2 increases the amount of projection from the reaction force transmitting member 4, but since the head 2a is pressed against the concrete surface C1 and cannot advance, the reaction force transmitting member 4 receiving the reaction force reversely forms the form F Retreats toward the back side (side of the pier F2). At this time, the projecting portion 4b of the reaction force transmitting member 4 presses the weir plate F1 of the formwork F and moves it to the rear side.
With the rotation of, the formwork F is forcibly peeled off from the concrete surface C1 as shown in FIG. The force of the reaction force transmitting member 4 pressing the dam plate F1 in response to the reaction force from the projecting member 2 is dispersed over a wide area of the dam plate F1 by the projecting portion 4b, so that the form F is damaged at this time. The probability is extremely low.

4) When the lowermost formwork F is peeled off from the concrete surface C1 as described above, a plurality of formworkes F (see FIG. 4) connected vertically by a nail or the like are simultaneously peeled off. The dent C3 formed on the concrete surface C1 due to the overhang 4b of the peeling tool 1 being between the concrete surface C1 and the formwork F is filled with decorative mortar to become a flat surface after the formwork F is removed. It is good to finish. Since the recess C3 is shallow as described above, the finishing work is also easy.

[0030]

According to the concrete form peeling tool of the first aspect, the labor required for peeling the form can be greatly reduced as compared with the case of using a crowbar, and the form and concrete surfaces can be reduced. Either will not hurt. Moreover, since the force for peeling is distributed over a wide area via the projecting portion of the reaction force transmitting member and transmitted to the formwork,
In addition to preventing the form from being damaged, there is no need to strongly fix the reaction force transmitting member to the form by welding or the like. In addition, since the thickness of the overhang portion is smaller than the length of the body portion having the female screw, there is also an advantage that the depression formed in the concrete surface is shallow and repair is easy.

According to the peeling tool of the second aspect, it is possible to make the dent formed on the concrete surface as shallow as possible while giving the projecting portion of the reaction force transmitting member sufficient strength.

[0032] The peeling tool according to claim 3 further comprises:
Even if special caps are not attached before the concrete is poured, the concrete is prevented from adhering to the screw portion, and the peeling tool can be used smoothly for a long period of time.

According to the peeling method of the fourth aspect, the function of the peeling tool described above can be appropriately exhibited, and the mold can be smoothly peeled off from the concrete surface with a small amount of labor. As a result, there is also an advantage that the formwork can be used repeatedly for a long time and the construction cost of concrete can be reduced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a view showing a peeling tool 1 according to the invention, and FIG.
(A) is a plan view, and (b) is a bb cross-sectional view in (a).

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a use state of the peeling tool 1, and is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing a use state of the peeling tool 1,
The procedure for peeling the form F from the concrete C with the peeling tool 1 is shown.

FIG. 4 is a front view showing an arrangement of a plurality of molds F before being peeled off.

5 is a view showing a general assembling state of the formwork F at the time of placing concrete, and is a sectional view taken along line VV in FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a conventional means for peeling a mold without using a bar.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Peeling tool 2 Projecting member 2a Head 2b Tool engagement part 2c Male screw part 4 Reaction force transmission member 4a Trunk part 4b Overhang part 4c Female screw 4e Concave part (accommodation concave part) 6 Spanner 8 Electric drill F Formwork (concrete formwork) C Concrete C1 Concrete surface

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A peeling tool attached to a concrete formwork for peeling the formwork from a hardened concrete surface, comprising a head pressed onto the concrete surface, a male screw portion, and the male screw portion. And a female screw coupled to the male screw part for transmitting a reaction force when the head of the protruding member is pressed onto the concrete surface to the formwork. A reaction force transmitting member including a cylindrical body portion that is provided inside and can be inserted into the formwork, and a projecting portion that is integrated with an end portion of the body portion and that expands in a radial direction of the female screw. A concrete formwork wherein the two members are assembled by coupling the female screw and the male screw so that the head of the projecting member is located on the side of the projecting portion of the reaction force transmitting member. Peeling tool. 2. The peeling tool for a concrete formwork according to claim 1, wherein the projecting portion of the reaction force transmitting member is a disk-shaped member formed so as to be thinner toward the outer periphery. 3. When the head of the projecting member has a radial dimension exceeding the outer diameter of the male screw portion and the projecting member is in a state in which it does not project from the reaction force transmitting member, the head of the projecting member does not project from the reaction force transmitting member. 3. The concrete form peeling tool according to claim 1, wherein an end of the female screw is closed tightly. 4. The peeling tool according to claim 1, wherein the projecting member does not project from the reaction force transmitting member, and the projecting portion of the reaction force transmitting member has a surface on the concrete side of the formwork. After the cast concrete has hardened, the male screw of the projecting member of the peeling tool is rotated so that the head of the projecting member is brought into contact with the concrete surface. A method for peeling a concrete formwork, wherein the formwork is peeled off from the concrete surface by pressing it upward.