JP2001289635A - Angle measurement correcting method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for correcting a measured angle in the case that a laser light is deflected by temperature difference generated between an underground piping and a shaft and in the case that a laser light is deflected by temperature difference generated in the underground piping, when a position of a shield excavator is detected by a laser target method. SOLUTION: When an angle is measured between a total station 20 installed at a reference point D (the center point of the total station 20) in the shaft A and the center point E of a total station 50 arranged in the underground piping 40, an error angle due to deflection of a laser light which is caused by temperature difference between an inner space B of the underground piping 40 and the shaft A is calculated. This error angle is distributed to an actually measured angle of the total station 20 and that of the total station 50, thereby performing angle correction.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an angle measurement correction method, and more particularly, to a method in which a target disposed in a buried pipe buried underground emits light from a total station disposed at a reference point outside the buried pipe. In an angle measurement correction method for correcting the angle when irradiating a laser and measuring an angle formed by a target with the total station as a reference point,
The present invention relates to a method for correcting a measurement angle when a laser beam is refracted due to a temperature difference between a temperature in a buried pipe and a temperature in a shaft. The total station integrates a lightwave ranging finder that measures the time that a lightwave travels back and forth between two points to determine the distance and a transit that is electronically controlled, collimating a target placed at a target position. By simply pressing the measurement key, the horizontal angle, vertical angle, and distance to the target are measured and displayed, and the measured data is calculated and processed by a computer to obtain various survey values.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, a propulsion method for excavating a horizontal tunnel in the ground without forming a ground and forming a conduit for burying a buried pipe in the tunnel has been developed and put into practical use. I have. In the construction of the buried pipe by the propulsion method, a shaft is dug in a part of the ground which is one end of the tunnel, and the shield excavator is pushed horizontally in the ground with the shaft set as a starting position. When the shield machine advances by a predetermined stroke, a new buried pipe is connected to the rear side of the buried pipe that has been pushed in, and this buried pipe is pressed by the main pushing device to form a buried pipe together with the buried pipe. This is performed by moving the shield machine forward and burying the buried pipes in the ground while sequentially adding the buried pipes.

In the construction of a buried pipe by the above-mentioned propulsion method, a laser target method is generally well known as a method of detecting a position of a shield machine. In this laser target method, a laser target is provided on a shield machine, a laser irradiator is installed at a reference position of a shaft, and a laser beam is applied to the laser target of the shield machine by the laser irradiator. Then, by measuring the position of the point of the laser light applied to the laser target,
Measure the position of the shield machine in the ground.

[0004] Here, the propulsion method is a method of sequentially pushing the buried pipe into the ground, as described above. No points can be set. For this reason, in the laser target method, as shown in FIG. 2, a method is adopted in which a total station is arranged at a position connecting a visible range in a buried pipe and the position of a shield machine is measured.

Hereinafter, a laser target method using the above-described total station will be briefly described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 1A, a total station 20 is installed at a reference point in the shaft A.
The reference point in the shaft is accurately set based on the ground reference point. In the same figure, a tunnel is excavated in a horizontal direction in the ground by the shield machine 30 with the shaft A as a starting position, and a buried pipe 40 is buried in the tunnel.

Here, as shown in FIG. 1B, the buried pipe 40 is buried along a steep curve, and in the buried pipe, each between the total station 20 and the shield machine 30 is provided. Total stations 50 and 60 are arranged at visible positions.

The total stations 20, 50 and 60 are surveying instruments having a transit and a lightwave distance meter incorporated in a coaxial structure, and simultaneously measure a distance to a target target, a horizontal angle and a vertical angle. Then, the measurement data is transmitted to the personal computer 70, and the position of the shield machine 30 is detected by calculating the data by the personal computer 70. The total stations 20, 50 and 60 are leveling tables 22, 5 for adjusting and maintaining the level of each total station.
2 and 62. Further, targets 20b, 50b and 6 such as prisms
0b are attached, and the main body is equipped with an automatic tracking device for automatically tracking the target.

The total station 50 constructed as described above is mounted on an automatic leveling table 53 fixed on a mounting table 51 mounted in the buried pipe 40, as shown in FIG. And is disposed in the buried pipe 40. Further, the total station 60 is similarly disposed in the buried pipe 40.

The installation base 51 is a base for a total station and is mounted on the moving buried pipe 40, so that it is small and lightweight and can be easily installed and removed. The automatic leveling table 53 adjusts and maintains the level of a surveying instrument such as a total station. The automatic leveling table 53 is configured to secure horizontality by automatically expanding and contracting a built-in support leg.

Thus, the total station 5
0 is the positional relationship with the total station 20, and the total station 60 is the shield machine 30
And the total station 5
The position of the shield machine 30 is calculated by measuring the positional relationship between 0 and 60 and transmitting these measurement data to the personal computer 70, and calculating by the personal computer 70.

[0011]

The buried pipe 40
In some cases, a water supply / drainage pump for supplying / discharging muddy water to / from the outside may be installed. When the water supply / drainage pump is operated, heat is generated, and the internal space B in the buried pipe 40 has a high temperature. State.

For this reason, when the above-mentioned water pump is installed between the total stations 50 and 60 in the buried pipe 40, a temperature difference occurs in the internal space B of the buried pipe 40. As a result, the laser beam emitted from the total station 50 passes through the high-temperature region in the buried pipe 40, and the target 60b of the total station 60
Is irradiated. When the water pump is installed between the total station 50 and the total station 20, the internal space B of the
There is a temperature difference between the shaft and the space in the shaft A. For this reason, the laser light emitted from the total station 20 installed in the shaft A enters the internal space B of the buried pipe 40 in this high temperature state, and reaches the target 50 b of the total station 50 arranged in the buried pipe 40. It will be irradiated.

Here, the laser target method utilizes the straightness of a laser, but has a property that a laser beam is refracted under the influence of a temperature difference. That is, when the temperature is low, the air density becomes high, and when the temperature is high, the air density becomes low. Therefore, when there are a low temperature portion and a high temperature portion, a boundary between these two temperatures is formed. It refracts when the laser light passes.

From the above properties, particularly, in FIG. 2, when the laser beam reaches the position b of the boundary surface between the shaft A and the buried pipe B in a high temperature state mainly due to heat radiation of the pump, the laser beam is transmitted to the target 50b of the total station 50. The incident position gets out of order,
In particular, an error occurs in the measurement data of the vertical angle (the angle between the vertical axis of each total station and the laser beam) among the measurement data. As a result, when the position of the shield machine 30 is detected, since the calculation is performed by the personal computer 70 using the measurement data of the measurement angle including these errors, the position detection accuracy of the shield machine 30 is reduced. Had.

The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems. When the position of a shield machine is detected by a laser target method, a laser beam is generated due to a temperature difference generated between a buried pipe and a shaft. The object of the present invention is to provide a method for correcting the measurement angle when the light is refracted.

[0016]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method in which a target installed in a buried pipe buried in the ground is provided from a total station provided at a reference point outside the buried pipe. In the angle measurement correction method that corrects the angle when measuring the angle made by the target with the total station as the reference point by irradiating the emission laser, the vertical distance from the reference point of the total station to the height position of the target and the reference of the total station Calculate the vertical angle of the target with respect to the reference point from the triangular ratio with the horizontal distance from the point to the target, measure the actual angle the target makes with respect to the reference point when the laser light emitted from the total station is refracted, By adding or subtracting the measured angle and the vertical angle, errors caused by refraction of the laser beam Calculating the angle, the measured angle, the ratio of the horizontal distance from the reference point to the buried pipe entry position of the laser light relative to the horizontal distance from the reference point to the target position, and the horizontal distance from the entry position of the laser light to the target position. The angle is corrected by distributing the error angle according to the ratio of the distance.

[0017]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG. In FIG. 1, the same components as those in the related art are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted. In the present embodiment, the buried pipe 4
A water pump (not shown) exists between the total station 50 disposed in the vertical shaft A and the total station 20 disposed in the shaft A, and the internal space B of the buried pipe 40 is provided.
It is assumed that there is a large temperature difference between the temperature in the pipe and the temperature in the shaft A. Furthermore, in the following description, the position b of the boundary surface between the shaft A and the internal space B of the buried pipe 40 is referred to as the buried pipe entry position of the laser beam. As shown in FIG. 1, the angle measurement correction method according to the present invention uses the center point of the total station 20 installed at the reference point D (the center point of the total station 20) in the shaft A and the center point of the total station 50 arranged in the buried pipe 40. When measuring the angle between E and E, the error angle due to the refraction of the laser beam caused by the temperature difference between the internal space B of the buried pipe 40 and the shaft A is calculated, and this error angle is calculated for the total station 20 and the total station 50. The angle is corrected by distributing the measured angles.

First, a description will be given of a case where the actually measured angles of the total station 20 and the total station 50 are measured, and then the angle correction method of the present invention will be described. In the following description, each angle is indicated by a frequency method. In FIG. 1, shaft A
Total station 20 installed at the reference point D
Is mounted on a manual leveling table 22, and a total station 50 arranged in the buried pipe 40 is
It is placed and arranged on an automatic leveling table 53, whereby the respective vertical axes are located parallel to each other.

The laser light emitted from the laser irradiating section 20a of the total station 20 enters the buried pipe 40 via the boundary surface position b, and enters the total station 50 located at the target position c in the buried pipe.
The laser beam irradiated from the laser irradiation unit 50a of the total station 50 disposed in the buried pipe 40 is similarly set outside the buried pipe 40 via the boundary position b. The irradiated target 20b of the total station 20 is irradiated. Thereby, the vertical angles formed by the total station 50 and the total station 20 with respect to the respective vertical axes are measured.

Here, when there is no temperature difference between the temperature in the inner space B of the buried pipe 40 and the temperature in the vertical shaft A, the laser beam has a straight traveling property as shown by straight lines W and Z in FIG. In this case, the vertical angles measured by the total station 20 and the total station 50 (α1, α1
2) is an angle that does not include the error amount.

On the other hand, when there is a large temperature difference between the temperature in the internal space B of the buried pipe 40 and the temperature in the vertical hole A,
As shown by the straight lines X and Y in the figure, the laser beam X emitted from the total station 20 is refracted at the position b of the boundary surface and is applied to the target 50b of the total station 50. That is, in FIG. 1, since the temperature in the shaft A is lower than the temperature in the buried pipe 40, the laser beam X irradiated from the laser irradiation unit 20a of the total station 20 arranged in the shaft A is When it reaches the position b, it is refracted upward in the figure. Further, the laser beam Y emitted from the laser irradiation section 50a of the total station 50 disposed in the buried pipe 40 having a high temperature is refracted downward in the drawing when reaching the boundary position b.

For this reason, the laser irradiation sections 20a of the total station 20 and the total station 50 are so arranged that the laser beam is reliably irradiated on the target.
And the laser irradiation angle of 50a is automatically adjusted appropriately. This is performed by automatically tracking the target by the automatic tracking device mounted on the total station, as described above. As a result, the vertical angle (β
1, β2) is an angle including an error due to refraction of the laser beam.

Here, assuming that an axis connecting the center points of the total station 20 and the total station 50 is H, the elevation angles (γ1,
γ2) is the vertical distance h from the center point D, E of each total station to the target height position, and the center point D,
It can be calculated by approximation from the triangular ratio with the horizontal distance L from the position a of the vertical plane passing through E to the target position c of the target. Specifically, the vertical distance h from the center points D and E to the height position of the target is known, and the horizontal distance L is measured by the lightwave distance meter of the total station. The horizontal distance L1 is measured in advance in the vertical hole A, and the distance L2 can be obtained by subtracting the horizontal distance L1 from the horizontal distance L.
Then, the following approximation can be performed using the measurement values measured as described above. That is, from tanγ1 = tanγ2 = h / L, γ1 = γ2 = archtan h / L Here, if γ1 and γ2 are set to γ, γ = γ1 = γ2 = archtan h / L. When the buried pipe 40 is inclined, a gradient occurs in the axis H connecting the center points of the respective total stations. However, since the gradient is sufficiently small, as described above, the elevation angle γ (= γ1 = γ2) can be approximately calculated.

Thus, the error angle can be calculated by adding the elevation angle γ to the vertical angles (β1, β2) which are the actually measured angles. That is, since the vertical axes of the total station 20 and the total station 50 are always kept horizontal by the leveling table, they are in a parallel relation to each other, and if there is no error angle due to refraction of the laser beam, (α1 + γ) + (Α2 + γ) = 180 °, and since there is an error angle Δ, (β1 + γ) + (β2 + γ) = 180 ° + Δ. Thus, the error angle Δ can be calculated by the following equation. That is, Δ = 180 ° − ｛(β1 + γ) + (β2 + γ)]

Then, the calculated error angle Δ is converted into an error angle Δ1 of the laser beam X and an error angle Δ2 of the laser beam Y.
To correct the angle. The error angle Δ1 is a ratio of the horizontal distance L2 from the target position c of the total station 50 to the position b (embedded pipe entry position) of the boundary surface to the horizontal distance L from the position a of the total station 20 to the target position c of the total station 50. It can be approximately calculated by multiplying the error angle Δ. That is, Δ1 = (L2 / L) × Δ Similarly, the error angle Δ2 is an error in the ratio of the horizontal distance L1 from the position b (embedded pipe entry position) of the boundary surface to the horizontal distance L to the position a of the total station 20. Angle Δ
Can be approximately calculated by multiplying Δ2 = (L1 / L) × Δ

The corrected angles β1 ′ and β2 ′ can be calculated by adding the actually measured angles β1 and β2 to the error angles Δ1 and Δ2, respectively. That is, β1 ′ = β1 + Δ1 β2 ′ = β2 + Δ2 From the above, the temperature in the internal space B of the buried pipe 40 and the vertical hole A
Even if there is a temperature difference in the temperature inside, it is possible to easily calculate and correct the error angle, and thereby, particularly the vertical angle among the measurement angles of the measurement data can be accurately measured. As a result, the position of the shield machine can be accurately detected. Note that the above Δ1 and Δ2 can also be used when correcting the measured angle in the horizontal direction. Further, in the above embodiment, the case has been described in which the water supply / drainage pump is installed between the total station 50 and the total station 20, and a temperature difference exists between the internal space B of the buried pipe 40 and the shaft A. As described above, when a water pump is installed between the total station 50 and the total station 60 in the buried pipe 40, the vertical angle is corrected between the two total stations by the above-described angle measurement correction method. Can be corrected.

[0027]

According to the present invention, a target disposed in a buried pipe buried in the ground is irradiated with a light-emitting laser from a total station disposed at a reference point outside the buried pipe.
In the angle measurement correction method that corrects the angle when measuring the angle made by the target with the total station as the reference point, the vertical distance from the reference point of the total station to the height position of the target and the horizontal distance from the reference point of the total station to the target The vertical angle of the target with respect to the reference point is calculated from the triangular ratio of the target station, the actual angle formed by the target with respect to the reference point when the laser beam emitted from the total station is refracted is measured, and the actual angle and the vertical angle are measured. The error angle due to the refraction of the laser light is calculated by adding and subtracting the ratio of the horizontal distance from the reference point to the embedded position of the laser light from the reference point to the horizontal distance from the reference point to the target position. The horizontal distance from the laser beam entry position to the target position The angle is corrected by distributing the error angle according to the case, and when the laser beam is refracted by the temperature difference between the buried pipe and the shaft, the vertical angle can be easily corrected. , Which allows the position of the shield machine to be accurately detected,
There is an effect that accurate excavation management can be performed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an angle measurement correction method according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a propulsion method using the angle measurement correction method of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 A Vertical shaft B Internal space of buried pipe H axis a Total station position b Boundary surface position (buried pipe entry position) c Target position 20 Total station 30 Shield excavator 40 Buried pipe 50 Total station 60 Total station 70 Personal computer

Claims (1)

[Claims] A target disposed in a buried pipe buried in the ground is irradiated with a light-emitting laser from a total station disposed at a reference point outside the buried pipe to form a target having the total station as a reference point. In the angle measurement correction method that corrects the angle when measuring the angle, the target for the reference point is calculated based on the triangular ratio of the vertical distance from the reference point of the total station to the target height position and the horizontal distance from the reference point of the total station to the target. The vertical angle of the laser beam is calculated by measuring the actual angle formed by the target with respect to the reference point when the laser light emitted from the total station is refracted, and adding and subtracting the actual angle and the vertical angle. The error angle is calculated from the reference point to the measured angle. The error angle is distributed according to the ratio of the horizontal distance from the reference point to the buried pipe entry position of the laser light with respect to the horizontal distance to the target position, and the ratio of the horizontal distance from the entry position of the laser light to the target position. An angle measurement correction method, wherein the angle is corrected by the following method.