JP2001276951A - Forging apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a forging apparatus which enables both hot and cold forging being operated in a single machine by converting the forming speed into a speed which meets the forming conditions of a workpiece and which helps eliminate plant equipment expenses, reduce the installation space, operate the apparatus itself more efficiently and decrease the manufacturing cost of the molded part. SOLUTION: A fixed section 12 is provided with a bottom die set 18 by which a cylinder room 16 is formed, wherein a piston is placed. The cylinder room 16 is pressurized by a hydraulic mechanism 26 as well as being connected to the hydraulic mechanism 26 through connecting apertures 24a and 24b. The hydraulic mechanism 26 incorporates a pressure regulating valve 80 and by changing the operating pressure of the pressure regulating valve 80 to a desired pressure, a speed at which the piston 20 is displaced (a forming speed) can be a desired speed.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a forging apparatus for forging a work, and more particularly to a forging apparatus capable of adjusting a forming speed of a work.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, when a work is forged by a forging device, the work is placed on a die and the upper surface of the work is pressed by a punch to form the work into a predetermined shape. At this time, for example, the speed at which the punch is moved using the hydraulic mechanism (press speed) is substantially the same as the speed at which the punch presses the workpiece (forming speed). On the other hand, forging can be divided into hot forging and cold forging. When a work is to be formed, the forming speed for the work is different between hot forging and cold forging. That is,
The forming speed of the hot forging punch is almost twice as high as the forming speed of the cold forging punch.

[0003]

Therefore, in the conventional forging apparatus, the hot forging and the cold forging cannot be performed by one forging apparatus because the pressing speed and the forming speed are substantially the same. . Therefore, if both hot forging and cold forging are performed, the forming conditions of the work (hot forging or cold forging)
It is necessary to install a plurality of forging devices that meet the requirements. This leads to an increase in capital investment and an increase in the installation space of the forging device, which makes it difficult to operate the device efficiently and raises a concern that the manufacturing cost of the molded product cannot be reduced.

The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and is configured so that a forming speed can be changed to a speed suitable for forming conditions of a work, thereby enabling a single forging device to perform hot forging. And cold forging, which can reduce equipment costs and installation space, dramatically improve the operating efficiency of forging equipment, and reduce manufacturing costs for molded products. It is an object of the present invention to provide a forging device that can perform the forging.

[0005]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides a method for mounting a work placed between a first and a second mold on either of the first or the second mold. In a forging apparatus for forging and molding the work by pressing with a punch facing one side, a piston having one die facing one end of the punch is fixed to one end, and the piston is provided in a cylinder chamber formed in a die set. Disposed in the cylinder chamber,
First and second connection holes are provided, and a hydraulic mechanism including a tank for storing oil, a pump for supplying oil, and a pressure regulating valve arranged in parallel with the pump is connected, After the work is pressed by the punch in a state where the cylinder chamber is pressurized with oil by the hydraulic mechanism, the oil in the cylinder chamber is reduced by operating the pressure adjusting valve after the work is pressed by the punch. And is led out to the hydraulic tank through the connection hole. Further, in the present invention, it is preferable that the pressure regulating valve be capable of switching between hot forging and cold forging to adjust the amount of oil taken out from the cylinder chamber.

[0006] Thus, the pressure (operating pressure) at which the pressure regulating valve operates is set to a desired pressure, and after the pressure regulating valve operates at the set pressure value, the oil returned from the cylinder chamber to the hydraulic tank is returned. By controlling the amount
The amount of displacement of the piston displaced in the cylinder chamber under the action of the punch can be determined. Then, by calculating the amount of displacement of the piston per unit time, the speed at which the piston is displaced can be obtained. In this case, since the speed at which the piston is displaced (the speed at which the work moves while being pressed by the punch) is the molding speed, the molding speed is determined according to the operating pressure of the pressure regulating valve. For example, when the pressing speed is set to the speed for hot forging, the speed at which the piston is displaced (forming speed) is set to be the speed for cold forging (approximately half of the pressing speed for hot forging). By setting the operating pressure of the pressure regulating valve, it becomes possible to form a workpiece under the action of cold forging.

Accordingly, the work can be formed at a forming speed suitable for the forming conditions of the work (hot forging or cold forging), so that hot forging and cold forging can be performed by one forging device. Become. Moreover, when performing both hot forging and cold forging, it is not necessary to install a plurality of forging devices, so that equipment costs and installation space can be reduced, and the operating efficiency of forging devices can be reduced. Has improved dramatically,
Further, the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

[0008] In the forging apparatus having the above-described structure, the diameter of an oil passage from the tank to the pump is d1, the diameter of an oil passage from the pump to the first connection hole is d2, and When the diameter of the oil passage in which the pressure regulating valve is provided is d3, it is preferable that the relationship of d1 = d3> d2 is satisfied. After the pressure regulating valve is activated,
This is because oil that is returned from the cylinder chamber to the hydraulic tank through the oil passage provided with the pressure regulating valve can be prevented from flowing into the pump side and passing through the pump.

[0009]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A preferred embodiment of a forging apparatus according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to FIGS.

The forging device 10 according to the present embodiment has a fixed part 12 and a movable part 14. As shown in FIG. 1, the fixing portion 12 includes a lower die set 18 having a cylinder chamber 16 formed at a substantially central portion, and a piston 20 movably disposed in the cylinder chamber 16. The cylinder chamber 16
The inside is filled with oil 22, and the cylinder chamber 16 is
It is connected to a hydraulic mechanism 26 (see FIG. 2) via 4a and 24b. The configuration of the hydraulic mechanism 26 will be described later in detail.

[0011] From the piston 20 to the lower die set 1
The rod 28 extends through the upper surface of the rod 8. In addition,
In FIG. 1, reference numeral 30 denotes a seal ring for preventing oil from leaking.

A recess 32 is formed substantially at the center of the end surface of the rod 28. A lower mold 34 having a claw 34a is fitted into the recess 32, and the lower mold 34 is vertically inserted into the claw 34a. The bent portion 36a of the annular holder 36 pressed downward is engaged. The holder 36 is fixed on the lower die set 18 and is slidable on the outer peripheral surface of the rod 28.

As shown in FIG. 1, the movable portion 14 includes an annular upper die set 40 having a concave portion 42 formed at a substantially central portion,
And a base 44 fixed in the recess 42. A spacer 46 is fixed in the recess 42 at substantially the center of the bottom surface of the base 44, and an annular holding member 48 is fitted on the outer peripheral surface of the spacer 46. The upper die set 40 is connected to a drive mechanism (not shown), and the movable section 14 can move vertically in FIG. 1 under the action of the drive mechanism.

At substantially the center of the end face of the spacer 46,
The punch 50 is fixed and the spacer 46 of the punch 50 is fixed.
A ring 52 is provided on the side, and a sleeve 54 externally fitted to the punch 50 is fixed to one end surface of the ring 52. 1, the upper part of the sleeve 54 is formed as a thick part 54a, and the lower part is formed as a thin part 54b via a tapered part.

A set plate 56 is engaged with the ring 52 so as to surround the sleeve 54.
The set plate 56 has a first air passage 57 formed continuously in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the punch 50 and a direction inclined at a predetermined angle from a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the punch 50. Further, between the sleeve 54 and the set plate 56, there is provided a gap portion 58 which goes around the sleeve 54 and communicates with the first air passage 57.

Further, the thin portion 54b of the sleeve 54
An upper mold 60 slidably contacting the outer peripheral surface of the tip is fixed to the set plate 56, and a claw portion 60 formed on the upper mold 60 is formed.
a is provided on a holder 62 that is fixed to the bottom surface of the holding member 48 and is surrounded by the punch 50, the ring 52, and the set plate 56, and a claw portion 62 that protrudes inward.
a is engaged. As a result, the ring 52, the set plate 56, and the upper mold 60 are pressed vertically upward.

The holder 62 is provided with a second air passage 63 formed continuously in the axial direction of the punch 50 and a direction orthogonal to the axial direction of the punch 50. Is connected to a compressed air supply source (not shown), and the ring 52 and the set plate 56
And a space 65 provided between the holder 62. Therefore, under the action of the compressed air from the compressed air supply source, air is supplied to the gap 58 through the second air passage 63, the gap 65, and the first air passage 57. As a result, the sleeve 54 is pressed vertically upward.

The tip of the lower mold 34, the punch 50
When the punch 50 presses the upper surface of the work W between the tip of the work W and the upper mold 60, a cavity 64 is formed for the work W to undergo plastic change.

Next, the configuration of the hydraulic mechanism 26 will be described. As shown in FIG. 2, the hydraulic mechanism 26 supplies the oil 22 from the hydraulic tank 66 to the cylinder chamber 16 and returns the oil 22 from the cylinder chamber 16 to the hydraulic tank 66. And a return unit 70.

The supply section 68 transfers the oil 22 to the cylinder chamber 1.
, A motor 73 connected to the hydraulic pump 72 via a clutch 75,
A first check valve 7 provided on the discharge side of the hydraulic pump 72 for preventing the backflow of the hydraulic pump 72 to the hydraulic pump 72
4, a variable first throttle valve 76 disposed on the outlet side of the first check valve 74, and an oil passage 78 serving as a passage for the oil 22.
And The outlet side of the first throttle valve 76 is connected to a connection hole 24 a formed in the cylinder chamber 16, and a pressure adjusting valve 80 and a second valve are arranged in parallel with the hydraulic pump 72 and the first check valve 74. Two check valves 82 are arranged. The second check valve 82 has a function of preventing the oil 22 from directly entering the pressure regulating valve 80 when the oil 22 is supplied to the cylinder chamber 16 by the hydraulic pump 72. ing.

As shown in FIG. 2, the oil passage 78 is provided with a suction passage 78a on the suction side of the hydraulic pump 72.
A discharge passage 78b from the discharge side of the hydraulic pump 72 to the connection hole 24a;
And a parallel passage 78c provided with a check valve 82.
In this case, the diameter of the suction passage 78a is d1, the discharge passage 78
When the diameter of b is d2 and the diameter of the parallel passage 78c is d3, each of the passages 7 satisfies the relationship of d1 = d3> d2.
The diameters of 8a to 78c are set.

The return portion 70 is formed by a connecting hole 24b formed in the cylinder chamber 16 and the hydraulic tank 66, and an oil passage 86 provided with a third check valve 84 and a second throttle valve 85.
Are connected via a. At this time, the second throttle valve 85 is disposed closer to the connection hole 24b than the third check valve 84 is.

The forging device 10 according to the present embodiment is basically configured as described above, and its operation and effect will be described below.

First, as shown in FIG. 2, the pressure regulating valve 80 constituting the hydraulic mechanism 26 is set to operate at a desired pressure, and the hydraulic pump 72 is operated under the action of the motor 73 to thereby operate the cylinder chamber 16. The oil 22 is supplied to the inside, and the inside of the cylinder chamber 16 is pressurized. At this time, the operating pressure of the pressure regulating valve 80 is set to a pressure higher than the supply pressure of the hydraulic pump 72. Accordingly, it is possible to reliably prevent the operation of the pressure regulating valve 80 while the oil 22 is being supplied into the cylinder chamber 16 by the hydraulic pump 72. On the other hand, the flow rate of the oil 22 fed into the cylinder chamber 16 is controlled by a first throttle valve 76.

Next, the workpiece W is placed on the lower mold 34 (see FIG. 1), and the movable portion 14 is moved vertically downward by the action of a driving mechanism (not shown) connected to the upper die set 40. Let it. At this time, the speed at which the movable portion 14 is moved down (press speed) is set to a predetermined speed in advance. Thus, the punch 50 fixed to the spacer 46 presses the upper surface of the work W (see FIG. 3).

At this time, the pressure in the cylinder chamber 16 pressurized by the hydraulic mechanism 26 is reduced by the punch 50
As a result, the piston 20 in the cylinder chamber 16 is displaced vertically downward (see FIG. 3). The piston 20
Is displaced vertically downward in the cylinder chamber 16, and at the same time, the oil 22 filled in the cylinder chamber 16 is pressed by the piston 20, through the connection holes 24 a and 24 b formed in the cylinder chamber 16. Thus, the oil 22 is returned to the hydraulic tank 66.

In this case, first, the oil 22 is returned from the cylinder chamber 16 to the hydraulic tank 66 only through the oil passage 86 of the return portion 70 of the hydraulic mechanism 26 (at this time, the second
The flow rate returned to the hydraulic tank 66 by the throttle valve 85 is controlled. Thereafter, a pressure equal to or higher than the set value is applied to the pressure regulating valve 80, and the pressure regulating valve 80 is operated, whereby the parallel passage 78c in which the pressure regulating valve 80 and the second check valve 82 are provided is formed. After passing, the oil 22 is returned to the hydraulic tank 66. At that time, the hydraulic pump 7
2, the diameter d1 of the suction passage 78a on the suction side and the cylinder chamber 1
Diameter d of the discharge passage 78b connected to the connection hole 24a of No. 6
2 and the diameter d3 of the parallel passage 78c are d1 = d3> d
Therefore, the oil 22 returned from the cylinder chamber 16 through the parallel passage 78c is prevented from flowing into the hydraulic pump 72 and passing through the hydraulic pump 72. ing. Further, the first check valve 74
Accordingly, the oil 22 flowing through the discharge passage 78b and the first throttle valve 76 is prevented from entering the hydraulic pump 72.

Accordingly, the work W moves vertically downward while the upper surface thereof is pressed by the punch 50, and a cavity formed between the lower mold 34, the punch 50 and the upper mold 60. The work W at 64
Flows to the point where the workpiece W is forged.

Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 4, the movable part 14 is moved vertically upward under the action of a drive mechanism (not shown), and the movable part 14 is separated from the lower mold 34. Then, the work W is released from the lower mold 34 under the action of a moving mechanism (not shown). The workpiece W released from the lower mold 34 is conveyed to the next step, and is finally machined to a predetermined size and shape to be completed as a product.

In this embodiment, the oil 22 filled in the cylinder chamber 16 is pressed by the piston 20 under the action of the punch 50, and the oil 22 is returned from the cylinder chamber 16 to the hydraulic tank 66. It is. In this case, after the pressure control valve 80 is operated, the pressure control valve 8 of the feeding section 68 is operated.
0 and the second check valve 82, the oil passage 22 c and the oil passage 86 of the return portion 70.
Is returned to the hydraulic tank 66. Therefore, compared with the case where the oil 22 is returned to the hydraulic tank 66 only through the oil passage 86 (before the pressure regulating valve 80 is operated), a larger amount of the oil 22 is returned from the cylinder chamber 16 to the hydraulic tank 66. Can be. After all, after the pressure regulating valve 80 is operated, the amount of the oil 22 returned from the cylinder chamber 16 to the hydraulic tank 66 increases, so that the piston 20 displaces vertically downward in the cylinder chamber 16. Speed increases.

In this case, the speed of the piston 20 displaced vertically downward in the cylinder chamber 16 (the speed at which the workpiece W moves vertically downward while the upper surface thereof is pressed by the punch 50) is the molding speed. For this reason, the pressure (operating pressure) at which the pressure adjusting valve 80 operates is set such that the speed at which the piston 20 displaces becomes a desired speed after the pressure adjusting valve 80 operates. More specifically, the operating pressure of the pressure regulating valve 80 and the oil 22 flowing through the oil passage 78 after the pressure regulating valve 80 is actuated by the pressure in advance.
(The amount returned from the cylinder chamber 16 to the hydraulic tank 66), and then the displacement of the piston 20 when the amount of the oil 22 is returned. When the piston displacement per unit time is calculated, the piston 20
Is required to determine the displacement speed (forming speed).

Thus, according to the forging apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment, for example, when the pressing speed is set to the speed for hot forging, the speed at which the piston 20 is displaced (forming speed) is changed to the speed for cold forging. If the operating pressure of the pressure regulating valve 80 is set so as to be a speed (approximately half of the hot forging press speed), the work W can be formed under the action of the cold forging. .

The pressure adjusting valve 8 is set so that the speed at which the piston 20 is displaced (forming speed) becomes the speed for hot forging.
If the operating pressure is set to 0, the work W can be formed under the action of hot forging.

[0034]

As described above, according to the present invention,
After the operating pressure of the pressure regulating valve is set to a desired pressure and the pressure regulating valve is operated at the set pressure value, the amount of oil returned from the cylinder chamber to the hydraulic tank and the displacement of the piston (piston at that time) (Displacement speed). Thus, the displacement speed (forming speed) of the piston is determined in accordance with the operating pressure of the pressure regulating valve, so that the forming speed can be set to a desired value. Therefore,
Since the work can be formed at a forming speed suitable for forming conditions of the work (hot forging or cold forging), hot forging and cold forging can be performed by one forging device. . In addition, when performing both hot forging and cold forging, it is not necessary to install a dedicated forging device for hot forging or cold forging, thus reducing equipment costs and installation space. As a result, it is possible to obtain a unique effect that the operation efficiency of the apparatus itself is dramatically improved, and furthermore, the manufacturing cost of the molded product can be reduced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partially omitted longitudinal sectional view showing a forging device according to the present embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a partially omitted longitudinal sectional view of the forging apparatus including a block diagram showing a configuration example of a hydraulic mechanism in the forging apparatus.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing a state immediately after a punch is pressed against a work in the forging apparatus of FIGS. 1 and 2;

FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing a state in which a movable portion is separated from a lower die in the forging device of FIGS. 1 and 2;

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Forging apparatus 16 ... Cylinder chamber 18 ... Lower die set 20 ... Piston 22 ... Oil 26 ... Hydraulic mechanism 34 ... Lower die 40 ... Upper die set 50 ... Punch 60 ... Upper die 66 ... Hydraulic tank 72 ... Hydraulic pump 78 ... oil passage 78a ... suction passage 78b ... discharge passage 78c ... parallel passage 80 ... pressure regulating valve W ... work

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A forging device for forging a work placed between a first and a second mold by a punch facing one of the first and the second molds. A piston having one end fixed to one end facing the punch, wherein the piston is disposed in a cylinder chamber formed in a die set; and wherein the cylinder chamber has first and second cylinders. A connection hole is provided, and a hydraulic mechanism including a tank for storing oil, a pump for supplying oil, and a pressure adjustment valve arranged in parallel with the pump is connected, and the hydraulic mechanism includes a cylinder. After the work is pressed by the punch in a state where the chamber is pressurized by the oil, the pressure regulating valve is actuated, whereby the oil in the cylinder chamber is discharged from the first and second connection holes through the hydraulic pressure. tank Forging device characterized in that it is derived. 2. The forging device according to claim 1, wherein the pressure control valve is capable of switching between hot forging and cold forging to adjust the amount of oil taken out from the cylinder chamber. And forging equipment. 3. The forging device according to claim 1, wherein a diameter of an oil passage from the tank to the pump is d1, a diameter of an oil passage from the pump to the first connection hole is d2, Furthermore, when the diameter of the oil passage in which the pressure regulating valve is provided is d3, the relationship d1 = d3> d2 is satisfied.