JP2001272972A - Structure of bridge of stringed instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a structure of a bridge for a stringed instrument which can stably generate harmonic overtones amply including higher components and regulating timbre by each of respective strings. SOLUTION: The bridge 10 for the stringed instrument is constituted by arranging respective independent plural bridge saddles 20 in correspondence to the respective strings S on a base plate 11. The bridge saddles include saddle holding members 21 which are fixed onto the base plate, saddle bodies 31 having a string supporting part 33 which is freely turnably and pivotally supported at the saddle holding member and is formed to a gently curved surface shape in such a manner that the saddle bodies can come into contact with the saddle holding members in first contact positions P1 in the static state of the strings and can come into contact therewith in the first contact positions P1 and in at least >=1 second contact positions P2 forward of the first contact positions in the vibrating state of the strings, energizing means 41 which energize the saddle bodies in a forward rotation direction and adjusting screw members 51 which turn and adjust the energized saddle bodies.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a structure of a bridge for a stringed instrument attached to a stringed instrument such as a guitar, and more particularly to a structure that emits harmonics rich in high-order components also referred to as a touching sound or a billet sound. The structure of a bridge for a stringed musical instrument.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, in the rock and pop industries dealing with electric guitars, bass guitars, and the like, Japanese biwa, shamisen, and sitars, which are Indian folk instruments, are played.
The so-called sitar sound, which contains overtones rich in higher-order components such as "touch sound", "buzz sound", and "buzz sound", has permeated, and there are many opportunities to use this sitar sound. It has become to. Here, a brief description will be given of the principle of generation of harmonics in an instrument that generates harmonics rich in the higher-order components.In the case of the biwa, a pillar corresponding to the fret of the guitar, and in the case of the shamisen, a nut corresponding to the guitar. When the vibrating string comes into contact with an undulating portion (also referred to as a touching mountain) provided near the piece, harmonics rich in the higher-order components are generated. On the other hand, in the case of sitar, a bridge supporting the string The upper surface (saddle member upper surface) is formed in a gentle curved shape along the chord direction, and at the time of vibration of the string, a first contact position (string support position) which becomes a vibration end and at least one or more positions in front of the position. By contacting at a total of two or more second contact positions, overtones rich in the higher-order components are generated.

[0003] Conventionally, US Pat. No. 5,537,081 discloses that a harmonic that is rich in the high-order component can be emitted, and has the same pitch and the same playing form as an existing guitar.
497,690 and U.S. Pat. No. 3,422,715 are often used.

The guitar described in the former US Pat. No. 5,497,690 is located in front of the bridge of the body (toward the neck).
At the position, a contact member that comes into contact with the upper surface of the string when the string vibrates is provided. However, in this guitar, the angle of the string with respect to the contact member changes depending on the pitch (the position of the fret pressed during performance) and the magnitude of the string amplitude (strength of striking the string), and the string becomes in contact with the contact member. There is a disadvantage that the harmonics rich in the higher-order components cannot be generated stably because they may not come into contact with the member.

On the other hand, the latter US Pat. No. 3,42
In the guitar described in No. 2,715, the upper surface of the bridge supporting the strings has a gentle curved surface similar to the sitar, and the first contact position (string support position), which is the end of vibration when the strings vibrate, and the front of the first contact position. It is configured to contact at a total of two or more of at least one or more second contact positions. Therefore, even if the angle of the string changes due to the position of the fret pressed during the performance, the magnitude of the string amplitude, etc., the second contact position moves on the bridge upper surface, and the string reliably contacts the bridge at two or more places. Therefore, harmonics rich in the higher-order components can be stably generated. However, in this structure, the bridge is an integral structure for all the strings, and fine adjustment of the tone of the higher harmonics by changing the angle of the curved surface of the bridge upper surface, and the position of the first contact position Since the string length correction for the pitch adjustment by the correction is performed by changing the mounting angle of the entire bridge to the body, fine adjustment of the tone color and string length correction for each string cannot be performed. Further, the structure has a problem that the fine adjustment of the timbre and the correction of the chord length cannot be performed separately. That is, there is a problem that the fine adjustment of the tone color causes the tone to go wrong, and conversely, if the string length correction is performed, the tone goes wrong, and it is extremely difficult to create the tone and the tone desired by the player. Was.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been proposed in view of such circumstances, and stably generates harmonics rich in high-order components irrespective of the pitch and the magnitude of string amplitude. It is an object of the present invention to provide a bridge for a stringed musical instrument which can easily perform fine adjustment of a tone color and correction of a string length for each string.

[0007]

That is, a first aspect of the present invention includes a base plate attached to a body of a stringed musical instrument, and a bridge saddle disposed on the base plate, and a high-order component is generated when each string vibrates. What is claimed is: 1. A bridge for a stringed musical instrument configured to emit abundant harmonics, wherein a plurality of independent bridge saddles are disposed on the base plate corresponding to the strings, respectively. A saddle holding member fixed on the splat and formed with a groove having a chord stopper at a rear portion,
The groove of the saddle holding member is rotatably supported via a shaft perpendicular to the chord direction, and contacts at a first contact position when the string is stationary, and at the first contact position when the string vibrates. A saddle body having a string support portion formed in a gentle curved shape so as to be able to contact at least one or more second contact positions ahead of the first contact position; and A biasing means for constantly biasing the saddle body biased by the biasing means in the forward rotation direction about the portion, and an adjusting screw member for rotationally adjusting the saddle body biased by the biasing means about the shaft portion; The saddle body is rotated by the adjusting screw member to change the inclination of the curved surface of the string support portion, thereby changing the first contact position and the second contact position, and finely adjusting the tone for each string. Like According to the structure of the stringed instrument bridge, wherein.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect, each of the saddle holding members is fixed to the base plate so as to be adjustable back and forth, and the front and rear positions of the saddle holding members are changed to change the saddle body and the string. The present invention relates to a structure of a bridge for a stringed instrument in which one contact position is changed to perform string length correction for each string.

A third aspect of the present invention relates to the structure of the stringed instrument bridge according to the first or second aspect, wherein the base plate is attached to the body so that the height can be adjusted.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in any one of the first to third aspects, a plurality of opening grooves are formed at the rear portion of the base plate in accordance with the position of each bridge saddle.
At the rear of each saddle body, there is provided an adjusting rod-shaped portion which is swingably inserted into the opening groove of the base plate, and an urging means for urging the saddle body is provided on the lower surface of the base plate. The present invention relates to a structure of a bridge for a stringed instrument, which is a leaf spring that presses an adjusting bar-shaped portion at the rear of each saddle body upward.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the fourth aspect, each of the adjusting screw members is screwed to a rear end of the base plate such that a tip of the adjusting screw member comes into contact with an adjusting rod of each of the saddle bodies. The present invention relates to a structure of a bridge for a stringed instrument configured to rotate each saddle main body by swinging an adjusting rod-shaped portion of each saddle main body by forward and backward movement of the adjusting screw member.

[0012] The invention of claim 6 relates to the structure of the bridge for a stringed instrument according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the base plate is swingably attached to the body.

[0013]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an entire guitar including a bridge according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a bridge portion in the embodiment, and FIG. 3 is a view of the bridge in the embodiment from the front. FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the bridge in the embodiment viewed from the rear, FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the bridge in the embodiment, and FIG. 6 is a normal playing state and tremolo of a bridge portion of a guitar according to another embodiment. FIG. 7 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a playing state, and FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a bridge in the embodiment.

The stringed instrument shown in FIG.
As described in the section of the prior art, it is possible to emit harmonics rich in higher-order components also referred to as "touch sound", "buzz sound", "buzz sound" and the like. This guitar G has a neck N, a body B and a plurality of strings S, and a head H is provided at the front end of the neck N. Each of the strings S has one end side wound around a tuning bolt Hb at the head H and supported by a nut Nu on a neck N, and the other end side is mounted on the surface of the body B. It is stretched by being held by the bridge for stringed instruments (tuning device) 10 according to the embodiment. Hereinafter, the structure of the bridge 10 will be described in detail.

The bridge 10 holds and fixes each of the strings S so as to enable fine adjustment of the timbre and correction of the string length. As shown in FIGS. 2 to 5, the bridge 10 is disposed on the base plate 11 and on the base plate 11. Multiple bridge saddles 20
And 5 are cross-sectional views of the bridge 10 taken along the line 5-5 in FIG. 3. FIG. 5A is a view in which a curved surface of a chord support described later is substantially parallel to the base plate. (B) shows the second state after fine tone adjustment from the first state, and (C) shows the second state.
The third state after performing the chord length correction from the state is shown.

The base plate 11 is a portion for attaching the bridge 10 to the body B of the guitar G. In this embodiment, the base plate 11 is fixed by stud bolts 14 with mounting notches 12 and 13 formed at both front ends, and has a height with respect to the surface of the body B as defined in claim 3. It is adjustable. Since the height of the base plate 11 can be adjusted in this manner, the height of the string S, more specifically, the distance between the fret F on the neck N and the string S can be adjusted. The playability at the time of fingering can be easily obtained. In the embodiment, a plurality of opening grooves 16 are formed at the rear of the base plate 11 in accordance with the positions of the bridge saddles 20. The reference numeral 15 shown
Is an anchor for the stud bolt 14.

Each of the bridge saddles 20 is individually and independently disposed on the base plate 11 corresponding to each string S, and includes a saddle holding member 21, a saddle body 31, a biasing means 41, and an adjusting screw member. 51 are included.

The saddle holding member 21 is fixed on the base plate 11 and has a string stopper (string insertion hole) at the rear.
A groove 22 having 23 is formed. Further, in the embodiment, as can be seen from the drawing, the groove 22 has a front portion opened, and a cutout portion 24 is formed at the bottom of the front portion. The saddle holding member 21 is fixed to the base plate 11 so as to be adjustable in the front-rear direction by the fixing bolt 25 in the notch portion 24 as in the second aspect of the present invention. By doing so, the saddle holding member 2
The first contact position between the saddle body 31 and the string S, which will be described later, is changed by changing the front-rear position of the string 1 and the string length of each string S (from the first contact position to the nut Nu or the fret position to be pressed). The distance can be corrected to adjust the pitch. The reference numeral Sa indicates a hook portion provided on one end side of the string S. The string S is inserted into the string stopper 23, and the hook Sa is locked to the rear wall surface of the saddle holding member 21. Thereby, one end of the string S is fixed.

The saddle main body 31 is rotatably supported by the groove 22 of the saddle holding member 21 via a shaft 32 orthogonal to the chord direction. Also, this saddle body 3
Numeral 1 has a string support portion 33 formed in a gentle curved shape, and at the first contact position P1 on the string support portion 33 when the string S shown by a solid line in FIG.
When the string S is vibrated as indicated by a chain line in FIG.
3 at a total of two or more of a first contact position P1 and at least one or more second contact positions P2 in front (on the neck side) of the first contact position P1. . Although FIG. 5 illustrates a case where the second contact position in the string vibration state is one place, the second contact position is a plurality of places due to attenuation of the amplitude of the string vibration and the like. In some cases, there may be many such second contact positions, and the string S may make surface contact during the string vibration state. As described above, in the string vibration state, the string S comes into contact at a position other than the first contact position, which is the supporting position, so that harmonics rich in the higher-order components are generated stably. Here, the curved surface of the string support portion 33 has a radius of 10 so that the distance between the first contact position P1 and the second contact position P2 farthest from the first contact position P1 is about 3 mm.
It is preferable to be constituted by a part of a spherical surface of 0 mm to 1000 mm. This makes it possible to stably generate overtones rich in the higher-order components regardless of the pitch and the magnitude of the string amplitude. In the embodiment, the curved surface of the chord support portion 33 is constituted by a part of a spherical surface having a radius of 120 mm. Further, in this embodiment, at the rear of each saddle main body 31, an adjusting rod-shaped portion 34 is provided, which is swingably inserted into each opening groove 16 of the base plate 11.

The urging means 41 includes the saddle main body 31.
Is constantly urged in the forward rotation direction X about the shaft portion 32. In the embodiment, the urging means 41 is constituted by a leaf spring disposed on the lower surface of the base plate 11 for adjusting the rear portion of each saddle body 31 by the leaf spring 41. The saddle body 31 is urged in the forward rotation direction X by pressing the rod-shaped portion 34 upward. The leaf spring 41 of the embodiment has an opening 42 for receiving the adjusting rod 34.

The adjusting screw member 51 is provided with the urging means 4.
The saddle body 31 urged by 1 is rotated and adjusted about the shaft portion 32. In this embodiment, as described in claim 5, each of the adjusting screw members 51 has a rear end of the base plate 11 such that a front end 52 thereof comes into contact with the adjusting rod 34 of each of the saddle bodies 31. The adjusting rod member 34 of each saddle main body 31 is rocked by the forward and backward movement of the adjusting screw member 51, whereby each saddle main body 31 is rotated. With such a configuration, there is an effect that the rotation of the saddle body 31 can be adjusted very easily. Needless to say, the position of the adjusting screw member 51 is not limited to the above-described example. For example, the adjusting screw member 51 is screwed to the rear of the saddle holding member 21 or the like, and the front and rear of the adjusting screw member 51 is adjusted. The rod 3 for adjustment of the saddle body 31 by movement
4 may be swung.

The fine adjustment of the timbre of the guitar G provided with the bridge 10 having the above structure is performed as follows. First, the string support portion 33 of the saddle body 31 and the string S
When the first contact position P1 and the second contact position P2 are moved forward and the string tension is increased, the adjustment screw member 51 is turned downward to rotate the adjustment screw member 51. ) From the state (B) to the state (B), the adjustment rod 34 of the saddle body 31 is pushed downward, the saddle body 31 is rotated in the backward rotation direction Y, and the curved surface of the string support 33 is moved backward. Tilt down. On the other hand, when the first contact position P1 and the second contact position P2 are moved backward and the degree of string tension is reduced, the adjusting screw member 51 is turned so as to move upward. ), The adjusting rod 34 of the saddle body 31 is moved upward so that the saddle body 31 is rotated in the forward rotation direction X. If the tone color of each string S can be finely adjusted in this way, the tone color desired by the player can be created very easily.

When adjusting the pitch, as shown in FIG. 5C, the fixing bolt 25 is loosened, and the saddle holding member 21 (the shaft portion 32) is attached to the base plate 11.
After moving back and forth, and changing the first contact position P1 between the saddle body 31 and the string S to correct the string length of each string S,
Tighten the fixing bolt 25 again to remove the saddle holding member 2
1 may be fixed to the base plate 11.
Thus, in the bridge 10, the pitch can be adjusted for each string S. In addition, at the time of the fine adjustment of the timbre described above, as can be seen by comparing FIG. 5A and FIG. 5B, the chord length changes and the pitch goes out of order by moving the first contact position P1. However, if the chord length is corrected by moving the saddle holding member 21 as described above after fine-tuning the tone, a crazy pitch can be easily corrected.

FIGS. 6 and 7 show the structure of a bridge 10A according to another embodiment of the present invention. Since the bridge 10A has substantially the same configuration as the bridge 10 of the previous embodiment except for a part, the same members as those of the bridge 10 are denoted by the same reference numerals in the following description and drawings, and the description thereof will be omitted. Is omitted. Hereinafter, the characteristic portions of the bridge 10A of this embodiment will be described.

In the bridge 10A of this embodiment, the base plate 11 is swingably attached to the body B to obtain a special sound effect called a tremolo effect. It has become. Numerals 61 and 62 shown are knife edge portions formed on both front ends of the base plate 11 and serving as attachment portions to the body B.
3 is a knife edge portion 61, 62 embedded in the body B;
The stud bolt 64 engaging with the stud bolt 63
An anchor for the tremolo block 65, a tremolo spring 66 for urging the tremolo block 65, a bracket 67 for attaching the tremolo spring 66 to the body B, a screw 68 for fixing the bracket 67 to the body B, Reference numeral 69 denotes a tremolo arm fixed to the base plate 11.

In the bridge 10A having the above structure, when the tremolo arm 69 is moved in the body direction Z from the state of FIG. 6A to the state of FIG. It swings around the stud bolt 63 as a fulcrum against the force. Thus, the string pitch tuning state of the guitar (stringed instrument) can be changed, and a tremolo effect of changing the range of the guitar can be obtained.

[0027]

As shown and described above, in the structure of the bridge for a stringed musical instrument according to the present invention, the string support portion of the saddle body of the bridge saddle disposed on the base plate is formed into a gently curved surface. Since the strings are securely contacted at two or more points on the string support during vibration, harmonics rich in high-order components are generated stably regardless of the pitch and the amplitude of the strings. Can be done. Also, the bridge saddles are independently arranged on the base plate in correspondence with the respective strings, and the saddle body of each of the bridge saddles is rotationally adjusted to change the inclination of the string support portion of the saddle body. Since the contact position between the string and the string support portion can be changed, fine adjustment of the tone color can be easily performed for each string, and the player can easily obtain a desired tone color.

In particular, if the saddle holding member holding the saddle body is fixed to the base plate so as to be adjustable in the front-rear direction as in the second aspect of the present invention, each string is changed by changing the front-rear position of the saddle holding member. Since the string length can be corrected for each string, the pitch of each string can be easily adjusted. Further, if the base plate is attached to the body so that the height can be adjusted as in the invention of claim 3, the height of the strings can be adjusted, and the player can easily obtain the desired playability. it can. Furthermore, if each member of the base plate and the bridge saddle is configured as in the invention of claim 4 or 5, the rotation adjustment of the saddle main body, that is, the fine adjustment of the tone can be more easily performed with a simple structure. . In addition, if the base plate is swingably attached to the body of the musical instrument as in the invention of claim 6, it is possible to perform tremolo performance in which the tone range is changed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an entire guitar including a bridge according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partial sectional view showing a bridge portion in the embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the bridge in the embodiment as viewed from the front.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the bridge in the embodiment as viewed from the rear.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the bridge in the embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a normal playing state and a tremolo playing state of a bridge portion of a guitar according to another embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a bridge in the embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 10, 10A Stringed instrument bridge 11 Base plate 16 Base plate opening groove 20 Bridge saddle 21 Saddle holding member 22 Saddle holding member groove 23 Saddle holding member string stop 31 Saddle body 32 Shaft 33 Saddle body string support 34 Saddle body Adjustment rod member 41 biasing means 51 adjustment screw member 52 tip of adjustment screw member G stringed instrument (guitar) B body S string P1 first contact position P2 second contact position

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A stringed musical instrument comprising: a base plate attached to a body of a stringed musical instrument; and a bridge saddle disposed on the base plate, and configured to emit harmonics rich in high-order components when each string vibrates. A plurality of independent bridge saddles respectively corresponding to the respective strings are arranged on the base plate, each of the bridge saddles is fixed on the base plate, and a string stopper is provided at a rear portion. A saddle holding member having a groove formed therein, and is rotatably supported by a groove of the saddle holding member via a shaft perpendicular to the chord direction, and contacts at the first contact position when the string is stationary, When the string is vibrating, the first contact position is gently curved so that the string can be contacted at at least one or more second contact positions in front of the first contact position. A saddle body having a string support portion formed in a planar shape; an urging means for constantly urging the saddle body in a forward rotational direction about the shaft; a saddle body urged by the urging means An adjusting screw member that adjusts the rotation about the shaft portion, and the saddle body of each of the bridge saddles is rotated by the adjusting screw member to change the inclination of the curved surface of the string support portion, whereby the A structure for a bridge for a stringed instrument, wherein one contact position and a second contact position are changed to perform fine adjustment of a tone color for each string. 2. A saddle holding member is fixed to a base plate so as to be adjustable back and forth, and by changing a front and rear position of the saddle holding member, a first contact position between a saddle body and a string is changed. 2. The structure of a bridge for a stringed instrument according to claim 1, wherein the string length correction is performed. 3. The structure of a bridge for a stringed instrument according to claim 1, wherein the base plate is attached to the body so as to be adjustable in height. 4. A plurality of opening grooves are formed at the rear portion of the base plate in accordance with the position of each bridge saddle.
At the rear of each saddle body, there is provided an adjusting rod-shaped portion which is swingably inserted into the opening groove of the base plate, and an urging means for urging the saddle body is provided on the lower surface of the base plate. The structure of a bridge for a stringed musical instrument according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein each of the saddle main bodies is a leaf spring that presses an adjusting rod-shaped portion at a rear portion thereof upward. 5. An adjusting screw member is screwed to a rear end of a base plate such that a leading end of the adjusting screw member comes into contact with an adjusting rod of each saddle body, and each saddle is moved forward and backward by the adjusting screw member. 5. The structure of the bridge for a stringed instrument according to claim 4, wherein each saddle body is rotated by swinging an adjusting rod portion of the body. 6. The structure of a bridge for a stringed instrument according to claim 1, wherein the base plate is swingably attached to the body.