JP2001272681A - Liquid crystal display device - Google Patents
Liquid crystal display deviceInfo
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- JP2001272681A JP2001272681A JP2000085010A JP2000085010A JP2001272681A JP 2001272681 A JP2001272681 A JP 2001272681A JP 2000085010 A JP2000085010 A JP 2000085010A JP 2000085010 A JP2000085010 A JP 2000085010A JP 2001272681 A JP2001272681 A JP 2001272681A
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Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】この発明は、磁界により液晶
分子の配向状態を制御する液晶表示素子に関するもので
ある。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device which controls the alignment of liquid crystal molecules by a magnetic field.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来の液晶表示素子は、互いに対向する
内面にそれぞれ電極が設けられた一対の基板間に誘電異
方性を有する液晶層が設けられた構成のものであり、前
記液晶層の液晶分子が、無電界状態において所定の初期
配向状態に配向し、前記一対の基板の電極間に印加され
る駆動電圧により発生する電界に応じて配向状態を変
え、液晶の複屈折性および偏光板の偏光作用等により制
御される光の透過率が変化する。2. Description of the Related Art A conventional liquid crystal display element has a structure in which a liquid crystal layer having dielectric anisotropy is provided between a pair of substrates provided with electrodes on inner surfaces facing each other. The liquid crystal molecules are aligned in a predetermined initial alignment state in the absence of an electric field, and change the alignment state in accordance with an electric field generated by a driving voltage applied between the pair of substrates, thereby changing the birefringence of the liquid crystal and the polarizing plate. The transmittance of the light controlled by the polarization action or the like changes.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかし、従来の液晶表
示素子は、電界により液晶分子を動作させるものである
ため、一対の基板を接合している枠状のシール材や、前
記基板の内面に前記電極を覆って設けられている配向膜
等に含まれているイオン性不純物が前記電極間に印加さ
れる電界により液晶中に溶け込み、その不純物がいずれ
かの基板の内面に集積して表示不良を発生することがあ
る。このイオン性不純物の集積による表示不良は、特
に、高温および高湿環境での表示動作試験等において発
生する。However, in the conventional liquid crystal display element, since liquid crystal molecules are operated by an electric field, a frame-shaped sealing material for joining a pair of substrates or an inner surface of the substrate is provided. Ionic impurities contained in an alignment film or the like provided over the electrodes dissolve into the liquid crystal due to an electric field applied between the electrodes, and the impurities accumulate on the inner surface of one of the substrates to cause a display defect. May occur. The display failure due to the accumulation of ionic impurities particularly occurs in a display operation test or the like in a high-temperature and high-humidity environment.
【０００４】この発明は、イオン性不純物の集積による
表示不良の発生がない液晶表示素子を提供することを目
的としたものである。An object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display element which does not cause display failure due to accumulation of ionic impurities.
【０００５】[0005]
【課題を解決するための手段】この発明の液晶表示素子
は、互いに対向する内面にそれぞれ電極が設けられた一
対の基板間に透磁率異方性を有する液晶層が設けられ、
前記液晶層の液晶分子が、無磁界状態において前記基板
面に対してほぼ垂直に配向し、前記電極を流れる駆動電
流により発生する磁界に応じて配向状態を変えることを
特徴とするものである。According to the liquid crystal display device of the present invention, a liquid crystal layer having magnetic anisotropy is provided between a pair of substrates provided with electrodes on inner surfaces facing each other.
The liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer are oriented substantially perpendicularly to the substrate surface in the absence of a magnetic field, and the orientation is changed according to a magnetic field generated by a drive current flowing through the electrodes.
【０００６】すなわち、この発明の液晶表示素子は、磁
界により液晶層の液晶分子を動作させるものであり、前
記電極の少なくとも２箇所に駆動信号を印加し、前記電
極に駆動電流を流すと、その電流により前記電極の周囲
に発生する磁界の強さに応じて液晶分子が配向状態を変
え、液晶の複屈折性および偏光板の偏光作用等により制
御される光の透過率が変化する。That is, the liquid crystal display element of the present invention operates the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer by a magnetic field. When a drive signal is applied to at least two places of the electrodes and a drive current is applied to the electrodes, the liquid crystal display element is activated. The liquid crystal molecules change the alignment state according to the strength of the magnetic field generated around the electrodes by the current, and the light transmittance controlled by the birefringence of the liquid crystal and the polarizing action of the polarizing plate changes.
【０００７】この液晶表示素子は、磁界により液晶分子
を動作させるものであるため、液晶層に電界が作用する
ことはなく、したがって、一対の基板を接合している枠
状のシール材や、前記基板の内面に前記電極を覆って設
けられている配向膜等に含まれているイオン性不純物が
液晶中に溶け込み、その不純物が基板の内面に集積する
ことはないため、イオン性不純物の集積による表示不良
を発生することがない。In this liquid crystal display element, an electric field does not act on the liquid crystal layer since the liquid crystal molecules are operated by a magnetic field. Therefore, a frame-shaped sealing material for joining a pair of substrates, Ionic impurities contained in an alignment film or the like provided over the electrode on the inner surface of the substrate dissolve into the liquid crystal, and the impurities do not accumulate on the inner surface of the substrate. No display defects occur.
【０００８】[0008]
【発明の実施の形態】この発明の液晶表示素子は、上記
のように、磁界により液晶分子を動作させることによ
り、イオン性不純物の集積による表示不良を発生するこ
とがないようにしたものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The liquid crystal display device of the present invention does not cause display defects due to the accumulation of ionic impurities by operating liquid crystal molecules by a magnetic field as described above. .
【０００９】この発明の液晶表示素子は、例えば、前記
一対の基板の内面にそれぞれ所定の方向に沿う電極が互
いにほぼ平行に設けられ、一方の基板の電極と他方の基
板の電極とにそれぞれに駆動信号を印加し、互いに逆向
きに流れる駆動電流により前記一対の基板間に発生する
一方向の磁界により、液晶分子が前記基板面の法線に対
して前記一方向に傾き配向する構成でよく、このような
構成とすることにより、液晶分子の配向状態を、基板面
に対してほぼ垂直な初期配向状態と、前記一方向に傾い
た配向状態とに変化させて光の透過率を制御する表示を
行なうことができる。In the liquid crystal display device of the present invention, for example, electrodes are respectively provided along the predetermined directions on the inner surfaces of the pair of substrates substantially parallel to each other, and the electrodes of one substrate and the electrodes of the other substrate are respectively provided. A driving signal may be applied, and a liquid crystal molecule may be tilted and aligned in the one direction with respect to a normal to the substrate surface by a one-directional magnetic field generated between the pair of substrates by a driving current flowing in opposite directions. With such a configuration, the transmittance of light is controlled by changing the alignment state of the liquid crystal molecules between an initial alignment state substantially perpendicular to the substrate surface and the alignment state inclined in one direction. Display can be performed.
【００１０】また、この発明の液晶表示素子は、前記一
対の基板のうち、一方の基板の内面に所定の方向に沿う
電極が設けられ、他方の基板の内面に、前記一方の基板
の電極に対して所定の角度で交差する方向に沿う電極が
設けられ、前記一方の基板の電極と前記他方の基板の電
極とにそれぞれ互いに交差する向きに流れる駆動電流に
より前記一対の基板間のうちの一方の基板側の領域と他
方の基板側の領域とに発生する互いに交差する方向の磁
界により、液晶分子が前記基板面の法線に対して傾いた
状態でツイスト配向する構成でもよく、このような構成
とすることにより、液晶分子の配向状態を、基板面に対
してほぼ垂直な初期配向状態と、前記ツイスト配向状態
とに変化させて光の透過率を制御する表示を行なうこと
ができる。Also, in the liquid crystal display device of the present invention, an electrode is provided along an inner surface of one of the pair of substrates along a predetermined direction, and an electrode of the one substrate is provided on an inner surface of the other substrate. An electrode is provided along a direction intersecting at a predetermined angle with respect to the one of the pair of substrates by a driving current flowing in a direction intersecting with the electrode of the one substrate and the electrode of the other substrate. The liquid crystal molecules may be twist-aligned in a state in which the liquid crystal molecules are inclined with respect to the normal to the substrate surface by a magnetic field in a direction intersecting with each other generated in the region on the substrate side and the region on the other substrate side. With this configuration, it is possible to perform display in which the alignment state of the liquid crystal molecules is changed between the initial alignment state substantially perpendicular to the substrate surface and the twist alignment state to control the light transmittance.
【００１１】さらに、この発明の液晶表示素子は、前記
一対の基板のうち、一方の基板の内面に所定の方向に沿
う電極が設けられ、他方の基板の内面に、前記一方の基
板の電極とほぼ平行な方向に沿う第１の電極と、この第
１の電極に対して所定の角度で交差する方向に沿う第２
の電極とが、互いに絶縁されて設けられ、前記一方の基
板の電極と前記他方の基板の前記第１の電極とにそれぞ
れ互いに逆向きに流れる駆動電流により前記一対の基板
間に発生する一方向の磁界により、液晶分子が前記基板
面の法線に対して一方向に傾き配向し、前記一方の基板
の電極と前記他方の基板の前記第２の電極とにそれぞれ
互いに交差する向きに流れる駆動電流により前記一対の
基板間のうちの一方の基板側の領域と他方の基板側の領
域とに発生する互いに交差する方向の磁界により、前記
液晶分子が前記基板面の法線に対して傾いた状態でツイ
スト配向する構成でもよく、このような構成とすること
により、液晶分子の配向状態を、基板面に対してほぼ垂
直な初期配向状態と、前記一方向に傾いた配向状態と、
前記ツイスト配向状態とに変化させて光の透過率を制御
する表示を行なうことができる。Further, in the liquid crystal display element of the present invention, an electrode is provided along a predetermined direction on an inner surface of one of the pair of substrates, and an electrode of the one substrate is provided on an inner surface of the other substrate. A first electrode along a substantially parallel direction and a second electrode along a direction intersecting the first electrode at a predetermined angle.
Electrodes are provided so as to be insulated from each other, and one direction generated between the pair of substrates by drive currents flowing in opposite directions to the electrodes of the one substrate and the first electrodes of the other substrate, respectively. The liquid crystal molecules are tilted and aligned in one direction with respect to the normal to the substrate surface due to the magnetic field, and the liquid crystal molecules flow in the direction intersecting with the electrode of the one substrate and the second electrode of the other substrate, respectively. The liquid crystal molecules are tilted with respect to the normal to the substrate surface due to the magnetic fields generated in the intersecting directions between the pair of substrates in the one substrate side region and the other substrate side region. A configuration in which the liquid crystal molecules are twist-aligned in the state may be employed.By adopting such a configuration, the alignment state of the liquid crystal molecules may be an initial alignment state substantially perpendicular to the substrate surface, and the alignment state inclined in one direction.
Display in which the transmittance of light is controlled by changing to the twist alignment state can be performed.
【００１２】[0012]
【実施例】図１および図２はこの発明の第１の実施例を
示しており、図１は液晶分子が初期配向状態にあるとき
の液晶表示素子の分解斜視図、図２は液晶分子が磁界に
より配向状態を変えたときの液晶表示素子の分解斜視図
である。1 and 2 show a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of a liquid crystal display device when liquid crystal molecules are in an initial alignment state, and FIG. FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view of the liquid crystal display element when the orientation state is changed by a magnetic field.
【００１３】この液晶表示素子は、互いに対向する内面
にそれぞれ透明な電極３，４が設けられた一対の透明基
板１，２間に図示しない液晶層を設けたものであり、こ
の実施例では、一対の基板１，２の内面に設けられた電
極３，４をそれぞれ互いに対向する帯状電極とし、これ
らの電極３，４を、所定の方向に沿わせて互いにほぼ平
行に設けている。なお、図では省略しているが、前記一
対の基板１，２の内面にはそれぞれ、前記電極３，４を
覆って垂直配向膜が設けられている。This liquid crystal display element has a liquid crystal layer (not shown) provided between a pair of transparent substrates 1 and 2 provided with transparent electrodes 3 and 4 respectively on inner surfaces facing each other. The electrodes 3 and 4 provided on the inner surfaces of the pair of substrates 1 and 2 are strip electrodes facing each other, and these electrodes 3 and 4 are provided substantially parallel to each other along a predetermined direction. Although not shown in the figure, a vertical alignment film is provided on the inner surfaces of the pair of substrates 1 and 2 to cover the electrodes 3 and 4, respectively.
【００１４】前記一対の基板１，２は、図に二点鎖線で
示した枠状シール材５を介して接合されており、これら
の基板１，２間の前記シール材５で囲まれた領域に、図
示しない液晶層が設けられている。The pair of substrates 1 and 2 are joined via a frame-shaped sealing material 5 shown by a two-dot chain line in the figure, and a region surrounded by the sealing material 5 between the substrates 1 and 2 is provided. , A liquid crystal layer (not shown) is provided.
【００１５】前記液晶層は、透磁率異方性を有する液
晶、例えばネマティック液晶からなっており、その液晶
分子６は、前記一対の基板１，２の内面にそれぞれ設け
られた前記垂直配向膜によりそれぞれの基板１，２の近
傍における配向状態を規制され、図１に示すように、前
記基板１，２面に対してほぼ垂直に配向している。The liquid crystal layer is made of a liquid crystal having magnetic permeability anisotropy, for example, a nematic liquid crystal, and its liquid crystal molecules 6 are formed by the vertical alignment films provided on the inner surfaces of the pair of substrates 1 and 2, respectively. The orientation state in the vicinity of each of the substrates 1 and 2 is regulated, and as shown in FIG.
【００１６】また、図では省略しているが、この液晶表
示素子は、前記一対の基板１，２の外面にそれぞれ配置
された一対の偏光板を備えており、これらの偏光板は、
それぞれの透過軸を所定の方向に向けて設けられてい
る。Although not shown in the drawing, the liquid crystal display device includes a pair of polarizing plates disposed on the outer surfaces of the pair of substrates 1 and 2, respectively.
Each transmission axis is provided in a predetermined direction.
【００１７】この液晶表示素子は、磁界により前記液晶
層の液晶分子６を動作させるものであり、前記液晶層の
液晶分子６は、無磁界状態において図１に示すように基
板１，２面に対してほぼ垂直に配向し、一対の基板１，
２の内面にそれぞれ設けられた電極３，４に駆動信号を
印加し、そのとき電極３，４に流れる駆動電流により発
生する磁界に応じて配向状態を変える。In this liquid crystal display device, the liquid crystal molecules 6 of the liquid crystal layer are operated by a magnetic field, and the liquid crystal molecules 6 of the liquid crystal layer are applied to the surfaces of the substrates 1 and 2 in the absence of a magnetic field as shown in FIG. Oriented substantially perpendicular to the substrate, a pair of substrates 1,
A drive signal is applied to the electrodes 3 and 4 provided on the inner surfaces of the electrodes 2, respectively, and the orientation state is changed according to the magnetic field generated by the drive current flowing through the electrodes 3 and 4 at that time.
【００１８】すなわち、前記液晶の透磁率異方性Δμ
は、液晶分子の長軸方向の透磁率をμｐ、短軸方向の透
磁率をμｎとすると、Δμ＝μｐ−μｎで表わされ、そ
の静磁エネルギーは、−ΔμＨ２ｓｉｎ２θで表わされ
る。That is, the permeability anisotropy Δμ of the liquid crystal
, When the permeability of the long axis direction of liquid crystal molecules .mu.p, the permeability of the short axis direction is .mu.n, represented by Δμ = μp-μn, the magnetostatic energy is represented by -ΔμH 2 sin 2 θ .
【００１９】そして、前記電極３，４に駆動信号を印加
して電流を流すと、一対の基板１，２間に、基板１，２
面に沿った方向の磁界が発生し、その磁界により液晶分
子６が、前記静磁エネルギー（−ΔμＨ２ｓｉｎ２θ）
が小さくなる方向に配向状態を変える。When a drive signal is applied to the electrodes 3 and 4 to cause a current to flow, the substrates 1 and 2 are placed between the pair of substrates 1 and 2.
A magnetic field in a direction along the plane is generated, and the magnetic field causes the liquid crystal molecules 6 to generate the magnetostatic energy (−ΔμH 2 sin 2 θ).
Is changed in a direction in which is smaller.
【００２０】この実施例の液晶表示素子は、一対の基板
１，２の内面にそれぞれ所定の方向に沿う電極３，４を
互いにほぼ平行に設けたものであり、図２のように、一
方の基板１の電極３と他方の基板２の電極４とにそれぞ
れ互いに逆向きの駆動電流Ｉ１，Ｉ２が流れるように、
電極３，４のそれぞれに少なくとも２箇所に、駆動信号
として異なる電圧を印加して駆動される。The liquid crystal display device of this embodiment has electrodes 3 and 4 extending in a predetermined direction substantially in parallel to the inner surfaces of a pair of substrates 1 and 2, respectively, as shown in FIG. The driving currents I1 and I2 in opposite directions flow through the electrode 3 of the substrate 1 and the electrode 4 of the other substrate 2, respectively.
The electrodes 3 and 4 are driven by applying different voltages as drive signals to at least two places.
【００２１】そのため、一対の基板１，２間に発生する
磁界は、図２のように、前記電極３，４に流れた駆動電
流Ｉ１，Ｉ２の向き（電極３，４の長さ方向）に対して
ほぼ直交する方向に沿った一方向の磁界Ｆであり、その
磁界Ｆにより、前記液晶分子６が基板１，２面の法線ｈ
に対して同一方向、つまり前記磁界Ｆの方向に傾き配向
する。As shown in FIG. 2, the magnetic field generated between the pair of substrates 1 and 2 is directed in the direction of the drive currents I1 and I2 flowing through the electrodes 3 and 4 (the length direction of the electrodes 3 and 4). The magnetic field F is a magnetic field F in one direction along a direction substantially perpendicular to the liquid crystal molecules 6, and the magnetic field F causes the liquid crystal molecules 6 to move in a direction normal to the substrates 1 and 2 h.
In the same direction, that is, in the direction of the magnetic field F.
【００２２】この液晶分子６の傾き角θは、前記磁界Ｆ
の強さに応じて異なり、したがって、前記電極３，４に
流れる駆動電流Ｉ１，Ｉ２の値を制御することにより、
前記液晶分子６の傾き角θを制御することができる。The tilt angle θ of the liquid crystal molecules 6 is determined by the magnetic field F
Therefore, by controlling the values of the drive currents I1 and I2 flowing through the electrodes 3 and 4,
The tilt angle θ of the liquid crystal molecules 6 can be controlled.
【００２３】このように、この液晶表示素子は、磁界Ｆ
により液晶層の液晶分子６を動作させるものであり、一
対の基板１，２の内面にそれぞれ設けられた電極３，４
に駆動電流Ｉ１，Ｉ２を流すと、その電流Ｉ１，Ｉ２に
より発生する磁界Ｆの強さに応じて液晶分子６が上記の
ように配向状態を変え、液晶の複屈折性および図示しな
い偏光板の偏光作用等により制御される光の透過率が変
化する。As described above, this liquid crystal display element has the magnetic field F
To operate the liquid crystal molecules 6 of the liquid crystal layer, and electrodes 3, 4 provided on the inner surfaces of the pair of substrates 1, 2, respectively.
When the driving currents I1 and I2 flow through the liquid crystal molecules 6, the liquid crystal molecules 6 change the alignment state as described above according to the strength of the magnetic field F generated by the currents I1 and I2, and the birefringence of the liquid crystal and the polarization The transmittance of light controlled by the polarization action or the like changes.
【００２４】この液晶表示素子は、磁界により液晶分子
６を動作させるものであるため、液晶層に電界が作用す
ることはなく、したがって、一対の基板１，２を接合し
ている枠状のシール材や、前記基板１，２の内面に前記
電極３，４を覆って設けられている配向膜等に含まれて
いるイオン性不純物が液晶中に溶け込み、その不純物が
いずれかの基板面に集積することはないため、イオン性
不純物の集積による表示不良を発生することがない。In this liquid crystal display element, since the liquid crystal molecules 6 are operated by a magnetic field, no electric field acts on the liquid crystal layer. Therefore, a frame-shaped seal joining the pair of substrates 1 and 2 is used. Ionic impurities contained in a material or an alignment film provided over the electrodes 3 and 4 on the inner surfaces of the substrates 1 and 2 dissolve into the liquid crystal, and the impurities accumulate on one of the substrate surfaces. Therefore, display failure due to accumulation of ionic impurities does not occur.
【００２５】そして、この実施例の液晶表示素子は、上
記のように、一対の基板１，２の内面にそれぞれ所定の
方向に沿う電極３，４が互いにほぼ平行に設けられ、一
方の基板１の電極３と他方の基板２の電極４とにそれぞ
れ互いに逆向きに流れる駆動電流Ｉ１，Ｉ２により前記
一対の基板１，２間に発生する一方向の磁界Ｆにより、
液晶分子６が前記基板１，２面の法線ｈに対して一方向
に傾き配向する構成であるため、液晶分子６の配向状態
を、基板１，２面に対してほぼ垂直な初期配向状態と、
前記一方向に傾いた配向状態とに変化させて光の透過率
を制御する表示を行なうことができる。In the liquid crystal display device of this embodiment, as described above, the electrodes 3 and 4 extending in a predetermined direction are provided on the inner surfaces of the pair of substrates 1 and 2 substantially in parallel with each other. A magnetic field F generated in one direction between the pair of substrates 1 and 2 by the drive currents I1 and I2 flowing in the opposite directions to the electrode 3 of the other substrate 2 and the electrode 4 of the other substrate 2, respectively.
Since the liquid crystal molecules 6 are configured to be inclined in one direction with respect to the normal h of the substrates 1 and 2, the alignment state of the liquid crystal molecules 6 is changed to an initial alignment state substantially perpendicular to the substrates 1 and 2. When,
A display in which the transmittance of light is controlled by changing the orientation to the orientation inclined in one direction can be performed.
【００２６】なお、この実施例の液晶表示素子は、一対
の基板１，２の内面にそれぞれ１つずつ電極３，４を設
けたものであるが、前記電極３，４の数は任意でよく、
例えば、一対の基板１，２の内面にそれぞれ複数ずつの
電極を互いに対向させて設け、これらの電極に印加され
る駆動信号によって、前記電極を流れる駆動電流をそれ
ぞれ制御することにより、前記複数の電極がそれぞれ対
向する複数の領域の光の透過率を制御することができ
る。Although the liquid crystal display element of this embodiment has one electrode 3 and 4 provided on the inner surfaces of the pair of substrates 1 and 2, respectively, the number of the electrodes 3 and 4 may be arbitrary. ,
For example, a plurality of electrodes are respectively provided on the inner surfaces of the pair of substrates 1 and 2 so as to be opposed to each other, and a drive signal applied to these electrodes is used to control a drive current flowing through the electrodes, respectively. It is possible to control the light transmittance of a plurality of regions each facing the electrode.
【００２７】また、上記第１の実施例の液晶表示素子
は、一対の基板１，２の内面にそれぞれ所定の方向に沿
う電極３，４を互いにほぼ平行に設けたものであるが、
一方の基板１の電極３と他方の基板の電極４とは、互い
に交差させて設けてもよい。In the liquid crystal display device of the first embodiment, the electrodes 3 and 4 are provided on the inner surfaces of the pair of substrates 1 and 2 substantially in parallel with each other in a predetermined direction.
The electrode 3 on one substrate 1 and the electrode 4 on the other substrate may be provided to cross each other.
【００２８】図３〜図５はこの発明の第２の実施例を示
しており、図３は液晶分子が初期配向状態にあるときの
液晶表示素子の分解斜視図、図４は液晶分子が磁界によ
り配向状態を変えたときの液晶表示素子の分解斜視図、
図５は図４の液晶分子の配向状態を基板面の法線方向か
ら見た図である。FIGS. 3 to 5 show a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of a liquid crystal display device when liquid crystal molecules are in an initial alignment state. FIG. Exploded perspective view of the liquid crystal display element when the alignment state is changed by,
FIG. 5 is a view of the alignment state of the liquid crystal molecules in FIG. 4 as viewed from the direction normal to the substrate surface.
【００２９】この実施例の液晶表示素子は、一対の透明
基板１，２のうち、一方の基板１の内面に所定の方向に
沿う帯状の透明電極３を設け、他方の基板２の内面に、
前記一方の基板１の電極３に対して所定の角度、例えば
ほぼ９０度の角度で交差する方向に沿う帯状の透明電極
４を設けたものである。In the liquid crystal display device of this embodiment, a band-shaped transparent electrode 3 along a predetermined direction is provided on the inner surface of one of a pair of transparent substrates 1 and 2, and
A strip-shaped transparent electrode 4 is provided along a direction crossing the electrode 3 of the one substrate 1 at a predetermined angle, for example, at an angle of about 90 degrees.
【００３０】なお、この実施例の液晶表示素子は、一方
の基板１の電極３と他方の基板の電極４とを互いに交差
させて設けたものであるが、他の構成は基本的に図１お
よび図２に示した第１の実施例のものと同じであるか
ら、重複する説明は図に同符号を付して省略する。The liquid crystal display element of this embodiment has the structure in which the electrode 3 of one substrate 1 and the electrode 4 of the other substrate are provided so as to intersect each other. 2 and are the same as those of the first embodiment shown in FIG.
【００３１】この液晶表示素子は、磁界により前記液晶
層の液晶分子６を動作させるものであり、前記液晶層の
液晶分子６は、無磁界状態において図３に示すように基
板１，２面に対してほぼ垂直に配向し、一対の基板１，
２の内面にそれぞれ設けられた電極３，４に流れる駆動
電流により発生する基板１，２面に沿った磁界に応じて
配向状態を変える。In this liquid crystal display device, the liquid crystal molecules 6 of the liquid crystal layer are operated by a magnetic field, and the liquid crystal molecules 6 of the liquid crystal layer are applied to the surfaces of the substrates 1 and 2 in a state of no magnetic field as shown in FIG. Oriented substantially perpendicular to the substrate, a pair of substrates 1,
The orientation state is changed according to the magnetic field along the surfaces of the substrates 1 and 2 generated by the driving current flowing through the electrodes 3 and 4 provided on the inner surface of the substrate 2, respectively.
【００３２】この実施例の液晶表示素子は、一方の基板
１の内面に所定の方向に沿う電極３を設け、他方の基板
２の内面に、前記一方の基板１の電極３に対してほぼ９
０度の角度で交差する方向に沿う電極４を設けたもので
あり、図４のように、一方の基板１の電極３と他方の基
板２の電極４とにそれぞれ互いに交差（この実施例では
直交）する向きの駆動電流Ｉ１，Ｉ２を印加することに
より駆動される。In the liquid crystal display element of this embodiment, an electrode 3 is provided along an inner surface of one substrate 1 in a predetermined direction, and an inner surface of the other substrate 2 is substantially 9 electrodes apart from the electrode 3 of the one substrate 1.
An electrode 4 is provided along a direction intersecting at an angle of 0 degrees. As shown in FIG. 4, the electrode 3 of one substrate 1 and the electrode 4 of the other substrate 2 intersect each other (in this embodiment, It is driven by applying drive currents I1 and I2 in the directions orthogonal to each other.
【００３３】そのため、この液晶表示素子では、一対の
基板１，２間に発生する磁界が、図４のように、一方の
基板１側の領域では、この一方の基板１の電極３に印加
された駆動電流Ｉ１の向き（電極３の長さ方向）に対し
てほぼ直交する方向に沿った一方向の磁界Ｆ１であり、
他方の基板２側の領域では、この他方の基板２の電極４
に流れる駆動電流Ｉ２の向き（電極４の長さ方向）に対
してほぼ直交する方向に沿った一方向の磁界Ｆ２であ
る。For this reason, in this liquid crystal display device, a magnetic field generated between the pair of substrates 1 and 2 is applied to the electrode 3 of the one substrate 1 in the region on the one substrate 1 as shown in FIG. A magnetic field F1 in one direction along a direction substantially perpendicular to the direction of the driving current I1 (the length direction of the electrode 3),
In the region on the other substrate 2 side, the electrode 4 of the other substrate 2
Is a magnetic field F2 in one direction along a direction substantially perpendicular to the direction of the drive current I2 flowing through the electrode 4 (the length direction of the electrode 4).
【００３４】すなわち、この実施例の液晶表示素子で
は、一方の基板１側の領域に発生する磁界Ｆ１と、他方
の基板２側の領域に発生する磁界Ｆ２とが、互いにほぼ
直交する方向の磁界であり、この２つの方向の磁界Ｆ
１，Ｆ２により、液晶分子６が、図４および図５のよう
に、前記基板１，２面の法線ｈに対して傾いた状態で、
ほぼ９０度のツイスト角でツイスト配向する。That is, in the liquid crystal display element of this embodiment, the magnetic field F1 generated in the area on the one substrate 1 side and the magnetic field F2 generated in the area on the other substrate 2 side are magnetic fields in directions substantially orthogonal to each other. And the magnetic fields F in these two directions
1 and F2, the liquid crystal molecules 6 are tilted with respect to the normal h of the surfaces of the substrates 1 and 2 as shown in FIGS.
Twist orientation is performed at a twist angle of about 90 degrees.
【００３５】この液晶分子１６の傾き角θ′は、前記磁
界Ｆ１、Ｆ２の強さに応じて異なり、したがって、前記
電極１３，１４に印加する駆動電流Ｉ１，Ｉ２の値を制
御することにより、前記液晶分子１６の傾き角θ′を制
御することができる。The tilt angle θ 'of the liquid crystal molecules 16 differs depending on the strength of the magnetic fields F1 and F2. Therefore, by controlling the values of the driving currents I1 and I2 applied to the electrodes 13 and 14, The tilt angle θ ′ of the liquid crystal molecules 16 can be controlled.
【００３６】このように、この液晶表示素子は、前記互
いにほぼ直交する方向の磁界Ｆ１，Ｆ２により液晶層の
液晶分子６を動作させるものであり、一対の基板１，２
の内面にそれぞれ設けられた電極３，４に駆動電流Ｉ
１，Ｉ２を流すと、その電流Ｉ１，Ｉ２により発生する
磁界Ｆの強さに応じて液晶分子６が上記のように配向状
態を変え、液晶の複屈折性および図示しない偏光板の偏
光作用等により制御される光の透過率が変化する。As described above, this liquid crystal display element operates the liquid crystal molecules 6 of the liquid crystal layer by the magnetic fields F1 and F2 in directions substantially orthogonal to each other.
Drive current I is applied to electrodes 3 and 4 provided on the inner surfaces of
1 and I2, the liquid crystal molecules 6 change the alignment state as described above according to the strength of the magnetic field F generated by the currents I1 and I2, and the birefringence of the liquid crystal and the polarizing action of a polarizing plate (not shown). Changes the light transmittance controlled by
【００３７】この液晶表示素子は、磁界により液晶分子
６を動作させるものであるため、液晶層に電界が作用す
ることはなく、したがって、一対の基板１，２を接合し
ている枠状のシール材や、前記基板１，２の内面に前記
電極３，４を覆って設けられている配向膜等に含まれて
いるイオン性不純物が液晶中に溶け込み、その不純物が
いずれかの基板面に集積することはないため、イオン性
不純物の集積による表示不良を発生することがない。In this liquid crystal display element, since the liquid crystal molecules 6 are operated by a magnetic field, no electric field acts on the liquid crystal layer. Therefore, a frame-shaped seal joining the pair of substrates 1 and 2 is formed. Ionic impurities contained in a material or an alignment film provided over the electrodes 3 and 4 on the inner surfaces of the substrates 1 and 2 dissolve into the liquid crystal, and the impurities accumulate on one of the substrate surfaces. Therefore, display failure due to accumulation of ionic impurities does not occur.
【００３８】そして、この実施例の液晶表示素子は、上
記のように、一方の基板１の内面に所定の方向に沿う電
極３が設けられ、他方の基板２の内面に、前記一方の基
板１の電極３に対してほぼ直交する方向に沿う電極４が
設けられ、前記一方の基板１の電極３と前記他方の基板
２の電極４とにそれぞれ互いにほぼ直交する向きに流れ
る駆動電流Ｉ１，Ｉ２により前記一対の基板１，２間の
うちの一方の基板１側の領域と他方の基板２側の領域と
に発生する互いにほぼ直交する方向の磁界Ｆ１，Ｆ２に
より、液晶分子６が前記基板１，２面の法線ｈに対して
傾いた状態でツイスト配向する構成であるため、液晶分
子６の配向状態を、基板１，２面に対してほぼ垂直な初
期配向状態と、前記ほぼ９０度のツイスト角のツイスト
配向状態とに変化させて光の透過率を制御する表示を行
なうことができる。In the liquid crystal display device of this embodiment, as described above, the electrode 3 is provided along the predetermined direction on the inner surface of one substrate 1 and the one substrate 1 is provided on the inner surface of the other substrate 2. Electrodes 4 are provided along a direction substantially perpendicular to the electrodes 3. Drive currents I 1, I 2 flowing in the electrodes 3 of the one substrate 1 and the electrodes 4 of the other substrate 2 in directions substantially perpendicular to each other, respectively. The liquid crystal molecules 6 are generated by the magnetic fields F1 and F2 generated in a region on the one substrate 1 side and a region on the other substrate 2 side of the pair of substrates 1 and 2 in directions substantially orthogonal to each other. , The liquid crystal molecules 6 are twisted in a state inclined with respect to the normal h of the two surfaces. Twist angle changes to twist orientation state Allowed to can be displayed to control the transmittance of light.
【００３９】なお、この実施例では、一方の基板１の電
極３と他方の基板の電極４とを、互いにほぼ直交させて
設けているが、前記一方の基板１の電極３と、他方の基
板２の電極３とは、９０度に限らず、他の所定の角度で
交差させて設けてもよく、その場合も、前記一方の基板
１の電極３と前記他方の基板２の電極４とにそれぞれ互
いに交差する向きに流れる駆動電流により前記一対の基
板１，２間のうちの一方の基板１側の領域と他方の基板
２側の領域とに発生する互いに交差する方向の磁界によ
り、液晶分子６を、基板１，２面に対してほぼ垂直な初
期配向状態と、前記電極３，４にそれぞれ流れる駆動電
流の向きの交差角度に応じたツイスト角のツイスト配向
状態とに変化させて光の透過率を制御する表示を行なう
ことができる。In this embodiment, the electrodes 3 on one substrate 1 and the electrodes 4 on the other substrate are provided substantially orthogonal to each other. However, the electrodes 3 on the one substrate 1 and the electrodes 3 on the other substrate are provided. The second electrode 3 is not limited to 90 degrees and may be provided to intersect at another predetermined angle. In this case, the electrode 3 of the one substrate 1 and the electrode 4 of the other substrate 2 are also provided. Liquid crystal molecules are generated by magnetic fields in mutually intersecting directions generated in a region on one substrate 1 side and a region on the other substrate 2 side of the pair of substrates 1 and 2 by drive currents flowing in directions intersecting each other. 6 is changed to an initial alignment state substantially perpendicular to the surfaces of the substrates 1 and 2 and a twist alignment state having a twist angle corresponding to the intersection angle of the direction of the drive current flowing through the electrodes 3 and 4, respectively. Display for controlling the transmittance can be performed.
【００４０】また、この実施例の液晶表示素子は、一対
の基板１，２の内面にそれぞれ１つずつ電極３，４を設
けたものであるが、前記電極３，４の数は任意でよく、
例えば、一対の基板１，２の内面にそれぞれ複数ずつの
電極を互いに交差させて設け、これらの電極に印加する
駆動信号をそれぞれ制御し、前記電極を流れる駆動電流
を調整することにより、前記複数の電極がそれぞれ対向
する複数の領域の光の透過率を制御することができる。In the liquid crystal display device of this embodiment, the electrodes 3 and 4 are provided on the inner surfaces of the pair of substrates 1 and 2, respectively. The number of the electrodes 3 and 4 may be arbitrary. ,
For example, a plurality of electrodes are provided on the inner surfaces of the pair of substrates 1 and 2 so as to cross each other, a drive signal applied to these electrodes is controlled, and a drive current flowing through the electrodes is adjusted, whereby the plurality of electrodes are adjusted. Can control the light transmittance of a plurality of regions facing each other.
【００４１】図６〜図８はこの発明の第３の実施例を示
しており、図６は液晶分子が初期配向状態にあるときの
液晶表示素子の分解斜視図、図７および図８はそれぞれ
液晶分子が磁界により配向状態を変えたときの液晶表示
素子の分解斜視図である。FIGS. 6 to 8 show a third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is an exploded perspective view of a liquid crystal display device when liquid crystal molecules are in an initial alignment state, and FIGS. FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view of a liquid crystal display element when liquid crystal molecules change an alignment state by a magnetic field.
【００４２】この実施例の液晶表示素子は、一対の透明
基板１，２のうち、一方の基板１の内面に所定の方向に
沿う帯状の透明電極３を設け、他方の基板２の内面に、
前記一方の基板１の電極３とほぼ平行な方向に沿う帯状
の第１の電極４ａと、この第１の電極４ａに対して所定
の角度で交差する方向、例えばほぼ９０度の角度で交差
する方向に沿う帯状の第２の電極とを設けたものであ
り、前記他方の基板２の第１の電極４ａと第２の電極４
ｂとは、その一方の電極４ａを基板２上に形成し、他方
の電極４ｂを前記基板２上に前記一方の電極４ａを覆っ
て設けた透明絶縁膜７の上に形成することにより、互い
に絶縁されて設けられている。In the liquid crystal display device of this embodiment, a band-shaped transparent electrode 3 along a predetermined direction is provided on the inner surface of one of a pair of transparent substrates 1 and 2, and on the inner surface of the other substrate 2,
A band-shaped first electrode 4a along a direction substantially parallel to the electrode 3 of the one substrate 1 intersects the first electrode 4a at a predetermined angle, for example, at an angle of about 90 degrees. A first electrode 4a and a second electrode 4 of the other substrate 2 are provided.
b means that one electrode 4a is formed on the substrate 2 and the other electrode 4b is formed on the transparent insulating film 7 provided on the substrate 2 so as to cover the one electrode 4a. It is provided insulated.
【００４３】なお、この実施例の液晶表示素子は、前記
他方の基板２に前記第１の電極４ａと第２の電極とを設
けたものであるが、他の構成は基本的に図１および図２
に示した第１の実施例のものと同じであるから、重複す
る説明は図に同符号を付して省略する。The liquid crystal display element of this embodiment is provided with the first electrode 4a and the second electrode on the other substrate 2; FIG.
Are the same as those in the first embodiment shown in FIG.
【００４４】この液晶表示素子は、磁界により前記液晶
層の液晶分子６を動作させるものであり、前記液晶層の
液晶分子６は、無磁界状態において図６に示すように基
板１，２面に対してほぼ垂直に配向し、一対の基板１，
２の内面にそれぞれ設けられた電極３，４ａ，４ｂに流
れる駆動電流により発生する基板１，２面に沿った磁界
に応じて配向状態を変える。This liquid crystal display element operates the liquid crystal molecules 6 of the liquid crystal layer by a magnetic field. The liquid crystal molecules 6 of the liquid crystal layer are applied to the surfaces of the substrates 1 and 2 in a state of no magnetic field as shown in FIG. Oriented substantially perpendicular to the substrate, a pair of substrates 1,
The orientation state is changed according to the magnetic field along the surfaces of the substrates 1 and 2 generated by the driving current flowing through the electrodes 3, 4a and 4b provided on the inner surface of the substrate 2, respectively.
【００４５】この実施例の液晶表示素子は、一方の基板
１の内面に所定の方向に沿う電極３を設け、他方の基板
２に、前記一方の基板１の電極３とほぼ平行な方向に沿
う第１の電極４ａと、この第１の電極４ａに対してほぼ
９０度の角度で交差する方向に沿う第２の電極４ｂとを
設けたものであり、図７のように、一方の基板１の電極
３と他方の基板２の第１の電極４ａとにそれぞれ互いに
逆向きの駆動電流Ｉ１，Ｉ２ａを流すか、あるいは、図
８のように、前記一方の基板１の電極３と前記他方の基
板２の第２の電極４ｂとにそれぞれ互いに交差する向き
（この実施例では互いにほぼ直交する向き）の駆動電流
Ｉ１，Ｉ２ｂを流すことにより駆動される。In the liquid crystal display element of this embodiment, an electrode 3 is provided on the inner surface of one substrate 1 along a predetermined direction, and is provided on the other substrate 2 in a direction substantially parallel to the electrode 3 of the one substrate 1. It has a first electrode 4a and a second electrode 4b extending in a direction intersecting the first electrode 4a at an angle of about 90 degrees. As shown in FIG. The drive currents I1 and I2a are applied to the electrode 3 of the one substrate 1 and the first electrode 4a of the other substrate 2, respectively, or, as shown in FIG. Driving is performed by flowing driving currents I1 and I2b in directions that intersect each other (in this embodiment, directions that are substantially orthogonal to each other) to the second electrode 4b of the substrate 2.
【００４６】すなわち、この液晶表示素子は、上記第１
の実施例の液晶表示素子と同様な表示と、上記第２の実
施例の液晶表示素子と同様な表示との両方の表示を行な
うものであり、一方の基板１の電極３と他方の基板２の
第１の電極４ａとにそれぞれ互いに逆向きの駆動電流Ｉ
１，Ｉ２ａを流したときは、図７のように、一対の基板
１，２間に、前記電極３，４ａに流された駆動電流Ｉ
１，Ｉ２ａの向き（電極３，４ａの長さ方向）に対して
ほぼ直交する方向に沿った一方向の磁界Ｆが発生し、そ
の磁界Ｆにより、液晶層の液晶分子６が基板１，２面の
法線ｈに対して一方向、つまり前記磁界Ｆの方向に傾き
配向する。That is, the liquid crystal display element is provided with the first
And a display similar to that of the liquid crystal display element of the second embodiment. The electrode 3 of one substrate 1 and the other substrate 2 To the first electrode 4a.
1 and I2a, as shown in FIG. 7, the driving current I flowing through the electrodes 3 and 4a between the pair of substrates 1 and 2 is applied.
A magnetic field F is generated in one direction along a direction substantially orthogonal to the direction of I1, I2a (the length direction of the electrodes 3, 4a). It is oriented in one direction with respect to the normal h of the surface, that is, in the direction of the magnetic field F.
【００４７】このときの液晶分子６の傾き角θは、前記
磁界Ｆの強さに応じて異なり、したがって、前記電極
３，４に印加する駆動電流Ｉ１，Ｉ２の値を制御するこ
とにより、前記液晶分子６の傾き角θを制御することが
できる。The tilt angle θ of the liquid crystal molecules 6 at this time differs depending on the strength of the magnetic field F. Therefore, by controlling the values of the driving currents I 1 and I 2 applied to the electrodes 3 and 4, The tilt angle θ of the liquid crystal molecules 6 can be controlled.
【００４８】また、前記一方の基板１の電極３と他方の
基板２の第２の電極４ｂとにそれぞれ互いに交差する向
きの駆動電流Ｉ１，Ｉ２ｂを印加したときは、図８のよ
うに、一方の基板１側の領域に、この一方の基板１の電
極３に印加された駆動電流Ｉ１の向き（電極３の長さ方
向）に対してほぼ直交する方向に沿った一方向の磁界Ｆ
１が発生するとともにる、他方の基板２側の領域に、こ
の他方の基板２の第２の電極４ｂに流れた駆動電流Ｉ２
ｂの向き（第２の電極４ｂの長さ方向）に対してほぼ直
交する方向に沿った一方向の磁界Ｆ２が発生し、この２
つの方向の磁界Ｆ１，Ｆ２により、液晶分子６が、前記
基板１，２面の法線ｈに対して傾いた状態でツイスト配
向する。When drive currents I1 and I2b are applied to the electrode 3 of the one substrate 1 and the second electrode 4b of the other substrate 2 in directions intersecting each other, as shown in FIG. A magnetic field F in one direction along a direction substantially orthogonal to the direction of the drive current I1 applied to the electrode 3 of the one substrate 1 (the length direction of the electrode 3)
1 is generated, and the driving current I2 flowing through the second electrode 4b of the other substrate 2 is provided in the region on the other substrate 2 side.
A magnetic field F2 is generated in one direction along a direction substantially orthogonal to the direction of the b (the length direction of the second electrode 4b).
Due to the magnetic fields F1 and F2 in the two directions, the liquid crystal molecules 6 are twist-aligned in a state where the liquid crystal molecules 6 are inclined with respect to the normal h of the surfaces of the substrates 1 and 2.
【００４９】このツイスト配向状態における液晶分子１
６の傾き角θ′は、前記磁界Ｆ１、Ｆ２の強さに応じて
異なり、したがって、前記電極１３，１４ｂに印加する
駆動電流Ｉ１，Ｉ２の値を制御することにより、前記液
晶分子１６の傾き角θ′を制御することができる。The liquid crystal molecules 1 in this twist alignment state
6 differs depending on the strength of the magnetic fields F1 and F2. Therefore, by controlling the values of the drive currents I1 and I2 applied to the electrodes 13 and 14b, the tilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules 16 is controlled. The angle θ ′ can be controlled.
【００５０】このように、この液晶表示素子は、図７に
示した一方向の磁界Ｆと、図８に示した互いにほぼ直交
する方向の磁界Ｆ１，Ｆ２とにより液晶層の液晶分子６
を動作させるものであり、一対の基板１，２の内面にそ
れぞれ設けられた電極３，４ａまたは４ｂに駆動電流Ｉ
１，Ｉ２ａまたはＩ２ｂを流すと、その電流Ｉ１，Ｉ２
ａまたはＩ２ｂにより発生する磁界ＦまたはＦ１，Ｆ２
の強さに応じて液晶分子６が上記のように配向状態を変
え、液晶の複屈折性および図示しない偏光板の偏光作用
等により制御される光の透過率が変化する。As described above, this liquid crystal display element has the liquid crystal molecules 6 in the liquid crystal layer formed by the magnetic field F in one direction shown in FIG. 7 and the magnetic fields F1 and F2 in the directions almost orthogonal to each other shown in FIG.
The drive current I is applied to the electrodes 3, 4a or 4b provided on the inner surfaces of the pair of substrates 1 and 2, respectively.
1, I2a or I2b, the current I1, I2
a or a magnetic field F or F1, F2 generated by I2b
The liquid crystal molecules 6 change the alignment state as described above in accordance with the strength of the liquid crystal, and the birefringence of the liquid crystal and the transmittance of light controlled by the polarizing action of a polarizing plate (not shown) change.
【００５１】この液晶表示素子は、磁界により液晶分子
６を動作させるものであるため、液晶層に電界が作用す
ることはなく、したがって、一対の基板１，２を接合し
ている枠状のシール材や、前記基板１，２の内面に前記
電極３，４ａ，４ｂを覆って設けられている配向膜等に
含まれているイオン性不純物が液晶中に溶け込み、その
不純物がいずれかの基板面に集積することはないため、
イオン性不純物の集積による表示不良を発生することが
ない。In this liquid crystal display element, since the liquid crystal molecules 6 are operated by a magnetic field, an electric field does not act on the liquid crystal layer. Therefore, a frame-shaped seal joining the pair of substrates 1 and 2 is used. Ionic impurities contained in a material or an alignment film provided on the inner surfaces of the substrates 1 and 2 so as to cover the electrodes 3, 4 a and 4 b dissolve into the liquid crystal, and the impurities are removed from any of the substrate surfaces. Because it does not accumulate in
Display failure due to accumulation of ionic impurities does not occur.
【００５２】そして、この実施例の液晶表示素子は、上
記のように、一方の基板１の内面に所定の方向に沿う電
極３が設けられ、他方の基板２の内面に、前記一方の基
板１の電極３とほぼ平行な方向に沿う第１の電極４ａ
と、この第１の電極４ａに対して所定の角度で交差する
方向に沿う第２の電極４ｂとが、互いに絶縁されて設け
られ、前記一方の基板１の電極３と前記他方の基板２の
前記第１の電極４ａとにそれぞれ流れる互いに逆向きの
駆動電流Ｉ１，Ｉ２ａにより前記一対の基板１，２間に
発生する一方向の磁界Ｆにより、液晶分子６が基板１，
２面の法線ｈに対して一方向に傾き配向し、前記一方の
基板１の電極３と前記他方の基板２の前記第２の電極４
ｂとにそれぞれ流れる互いに交差する向きの駆動電流Ｉ
１，Ｉ２ｂにより前記一対の基板１，２間のうちの一方
の基板１側の領域と他方の基板２側の領域とに発生する
互いに交差する方向の磁界Ｆ１，Ｆ２により、前記液晶
分子６が前記基板１，２面の法線ｈに対して傾いた状態
でツイスト配向する構成であるため、液晶分子６の配向
状態を、基板１，２面に対してほぼ垂直な初期配向状態
と、前記一方向に傾いた配向状態と、前記ツイスト配向
状態とに変化させて光の透過率を制御する表示を行なう
ことができる。In the liquid crystal display element of this embodiment, as described above, the electrode 3 is provided along the predetermined direction on the inner surface of the one substrate 1 and the one substrate 1 is provided on the inner surface of the other substrate 2. First electrode 4a along a direction substantially parallel to the first electrode 3
And a second electrode 4b along a direction intersecting the first electrode 4a at a predetermined angle are provided insulated from each other, and the electrode 3 of the one substrate 1 and the electrode 3 of the other substrate 2 are provided. The liquid crystal molecules 6 are driven by the one-way magnetic field F generated between the pair of substrates 1 and 2 by the opposite driving currents I1 and I2a flowing to the first electrode 4a.
The electrode 3 of the one substrate 1 and the second electrode 4 of the other substrate 2 are inclined and oriented in one direction with respect to the normal h of the two surfaces.
b and the driving currents I flowing in the directions crossing each other.
The liquid crystal molecules 6 are generated by the magnetic fields F1 and F2 generated in a region on the one substrate 1 side and a region on the other substrate 2 side of the pair of substrates 1 and 2 by the directions I1, I2b. Since the liquid crystal molecules 6 are twisted while being inclined with respect to the normal h of the substrates 1 and 2, the alignment state of the liquid crystal molecules 6 is changed from the initial alignment state substantially perpendicular to the substrates 1 and 2 to A display in which the transmittance is controlled by changing between the orientation state inclined in one direction and the twist orientation state can be performed.
【００５３】なお、この実施例の液晶表示素子は、一方
の基板１の内面に１つの電極３を設け、他方の基板２の
内面に前記第１と第２の電極４ａ，４ｂそれぞれ１つず
つ設けたものであるが、前記電極３，４ａ，４ｂの数は
任意でよく、例えば、一方の基板の内面に複数の電極を
設け、他方の基板の内面に、前記一方の基板の電極とほ
ぼ平行な方向に沿う複数の第１の電極と、この第１の電
極に対して所定の角度で交差する方向に沿う複数の第２
の電極とを設け、これらの電極に流す駆動電流をそれぞ
れ制御することにより、前記一方の基板の複数の電極
と、前記他方の基板の複数の第１の電極と、この第１の
電極に対して所定の角度で交差する方向に沿う複数の第
２の電極および第２の電極とがそれぞれ対向する複数の
領域の光の透過率を制御することができる。In the liquid crystal display element of this embodiment, one electrode 3 is provided on the inner surface of one substrate 1, and the first and second electrodes 4a and 4b are provided on the inner surface of the other substrate 2 respectively. Although the number of the electrodes 3, 4a, 4b may be arbitrary, for example, a plurality of electrodes are provided on the inner surface of one substrate, and the electrodes on the inner surface of the other substrate are substantially the same as the electrodes of the one substrate. A plurality of first electrodes along a parallel direction and a plurality of second electrodes along a direction intersecting the first electrode at a predetermined angle.
By providing a plurality of electrodes and controlling the drive current flowing through these electrodes respectively, the plurality of electrodes of the one substrate, the plurality of first electrodes of the other substrate, and the first electrode Thus, it is possible to control the light transmittance of a plurality of second electrodes along a direction intersecting at a predetermined angle and a plurality of regions each facing the second electrode.
【００５４】[0054]
【発明の効果】この発明の液晶表示素子は、互いに対向
する内面にそれぞれ電極が設けられた一対の基板間に透
磁率異方性を有する液晶層が設けられ、前記液晶層の液
晶分子が、無磁界状態において前記基板面に対してほぼ
垂直に配向し、前記電極に流れる駆動電流により発生す
る磁界に応じて配向状態を変えるものであるため、イオ
ン性不純物の集積による表示不良を発生することがな
い。According to the liquid crystal display device of the present invention, a liquid crystal layer having magnetic permeability anisotropy is provided between a pair of substrates provided with electrodes on inner surfaces facing each other. In the absence of a magnetic field, the orientation is substantially perpendicular to the substrate surface, and the orientation is changed according to the magnetic field generated by the drive current flowing through the electrode. There is no.
【００５５】この発明の液晶表示素子は、例えば、前記
一対の基板の内面にそれぞれ所定の方向に沿う電極が互
いにほぼ平行に設けられ、一方の基板の電極と他方の基
板の電極とにそれぞれ流れる互いに逆向きの駆動電流に
より前記一対の基板間に発生する一方向の磁界により、
液晶分子が前記基板面の法線に対して一方向に傾き配向
する構成でよく、このような構成とすることにより、液
晶分子の配向状態を、基板面に対してほぼ垂直な初期配
向状態と、前記一方向に傾いた配向状態とに変化させて
光の透過率を制御する表示を行なうことができる。In the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention, for example, electrodes are respectively provided along the predetermined directions on the inner surfaces of the pair of substrates substantially parallel to each other, and flow to the electrodes of one substrate and the electrodes of the other substrate, respectively. Due to a unidirectional magnetic field generated between the pair of substrates due to mutually opposite driving currents,
A configuration in which liquid crystal molecules are tilted and aligned in one direction with respect to the normal to the substrate surface may be employed. With such a configuration, the alignment state of the liquid crystal molecules is changed to an initial alignment state substantially perpendicular to the substrate surface. In addition, it is possible to perform display in which the light transmittance is controlled by changing the orientation to the one inclined in one direction.
【００５６】また、この発明の液晶表示素子は、前記一
対の基板のうち、一方の基板の内面に所定の方向に沿う
電極が設けられ、他方の基板の内面に、前記一方の基板
の電極に対して所定の角度で交差する方向に沿う電極が
設けられ、前記一方の基板の電極と前記他方の基板の電
極とにそれぞれ流れる互いに交差する向きの駆動電流に
より前記一対の基板間のうちの一方の基板側の領域と他
方の基板側の領域とに発生する互いに交差する方向の磁
界により、液晶分子が前記基板面の法線に対して傾いた
状態でツイスト配向する構成でもよく、このような構成
とすることにより、液晶分子の配向状態を、基板面に対
してほぼ垂直な初期配向状態と、前記ツイスト配向状態
とに変化させて光の透過率を制御する表示を行なうこと
ができる。Further, in the liquid crystal display element of the present invention, of the pair of substrates, electrodes along a predetermined direction are provided on the inner surface of one of the substrates, and the electrodes of the one substrate are provided on the inner surface of the other substrate. An electrode is provided along a direction intersecting at a predetermined angle with respect to the first substrate. One of the pair of substrates is driven by mutually intersecting drive currents flowing through the electrode of the one substrate and the electrode of the other substrate. The liquid crystal molecules may be twist-aligned in a state in which the liquid crystal molecules are inclined with respect to the normal to the substrate surface by a magnetic field in a direction intersecting with each other generated in the region on the substrate side and the region on the other substrate side. With this configuration, it is possible to perform display in which the alignment state of the liquid crystal molecules is changed between the initial alignment state substantially perpendicular to the substrate surface and the twist alignment state to control the light transmittance.
【００５７】さらに、この発明の液晶表示素子は、前記
一対の基板のうち、一方の基板の内面に所定の方向に沿
う電極が設けられ、他方の基板の内面に、前記一方の基
板の電極とほぼ平行な方向に沿う第１の電極と、この第
１の電極に対して所定の角度で交差する方向に沿う第２
の電極とが、互いに絶縁されて設けられ、前記一方の基
板の電極と前記他方の基板の前記第１の電極とにそれぞ
れ流れる互いに逆向きの駆動電流により前記一対の基板
間に発生する一方向の磁界により、液晶分子が前記基板
面の法線に対して一方向に傾き配向し、前記一方の基板
の電極と前記他方の基板の前記第２の電極とにそれぞれ
印加される互いに交差する向きの駆動電流により前記一
対の基板間のうちの一方の基板側の領域と他方の基板側
の領域とに発生する互いに交差する方向の磁界により、
前記液晶分子が前記基板面の法線に対して傾いた状態で
ツイスト配向する構成でもよく、このような構成とする
ことにより、液晶分子の配向状態を、基板面に対してほ
ぼ垂直な初期配向状態と、前記一方向に傾いた配向状態
と、前記ツイスト配向状態とに変化させて光の透過率を
制御する表示を行なうことができる。Further, in the liquid crystal display element of the present invention, of the pair of substrates, an electrode is provided along a predetermined direction on an inner surface of one of the substrates, and an electrode of the one substrate is provided on an inner surface of the other substrate. A first electrode along a substantially parallel direction and a second electrode along a direction intersecting the first electrode at a predetermined angle.
Electrodes are provided so as to be insulated from each other, and one direction generated between the pair of substrates due to mutually opposite driving currents flowing through the electrodes of the one substrate and the first electrodes of the other substrate, respectively. The liquid crystal molecules are tilted and aligned in one direction with respect to the normal to the substrate surface due to the magnetic field, and the directions intersecting each other are respectively applied to the electrode of the one substrate and the second electrode of the other substrate. A magnetic field in a direction intersecting each other generated in a region on one substrate side and a region on the other substrate side of the pair of substrates by the driving current of
The liquid crystal molecules may be twist-aligned in a state inclined with respect to the normal to the substrate surface. With such a configuration, the alignment state of the liquid crystal molecules is changed to an initial alignment substantially perpendicular to the substrate surface. A display in which the light transmittance is controlled by changing the state, the orientation state inclined in one direction, and the twist orientation state can be performed.
【図１】この発明の第１の実施例を示す液晶分子が初期
配向状態にあるときの液晶表示素子の分解斜視図。FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of a liquid crystal display device according to a first embodiment of the present invention when liquid crystal molecules are in an initial alignment state.
【図２】この発明の第１の実施例を示す液晶分子が磁界
により配向状態を変えたときの液晶表示素子の分解斜視
図。FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the liquid crystal display device when the alignment state of liquid crystal molecules is changed by a magnetic field according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
【図３】この発明の第２の実施例を示す液晶分子が初期
配向状態にあるときの液晶表示素子の分解斜視図。FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of a liquid crystal display device according to a second embodiment of the present invention when liquid crystal molecules are in an initial alignment state.
【図４】この発明の第２の実施例を示す液晶分子が磁界
により配向状態を変えたときの液晶表示素子の分解斜視
図。FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view of a liquid crystal display device according to a second embodiment of the present invention when liquid crystal molecules change their alignment state by a magnetic field.
【図５】図４の液晶分子の配向状態を基板面の法線方向
から見た図。FIG. 5 is a view of an alignment state of liquid crystal molecules in FIG. 4 as viewed from a normal direction of a substrate surface.
【図６】この発明の第３の実施例を示す液晶分子が初期
配向状態にあるときの液晶表示素子の分解斜視図。FIG. 6 is an exploded perspective view of a liquid crystal display device according to a third embodiment of the present invention when liquid crystal molecules are in an initial alignment state.
【図７】この発明の第３の実施例を示す液晶分子が一方
向の磁界により配向状態を変えたときの液晶表示素子の
分解斜視図。FIG. 7 is an exploded perspective view of a liquid crystal display device according to a third embodiment of the present invention, in which liquid crystal molecules are changed in orientation by a magnetic field in one direction.
【図８】この発明の第３の実施例を示す液晶分子が２つ
の方向の磁界により配向状態を変えたときの液晶表示素
子の分解斜視図。FIG. 8 is an exploded perspective view of a liquid crystal display device according to a third embodiment of the present invention, in which liquid crystal molecules are changed in alignment state by magnetic fields in two directions.
１，２…基板 ３，４，４ａ，４ｂ…電極 ５…シール材 ６…液晶分子 ７…絶縁膜 Ｉ１，Ｉ２，Ｉ２ａ，Ｉ２ｂ…駆動電流 Ｆ，Ｆ１，Ｆ２…磁界 1, 2, substrate 3, 4, 4a, 4b electrode 5, sealing material 6, liquid crystal molecule 7, insulating film I1, I2, I2a, I2b driving current F, F1, F2 magnetic field
Claims (4)
られた一対の基板間に透磁率異方性を有する液晶層が設
けられ、前記液晶層の液晶分子が、無磁界状態において
前記基板面に対してほぼ垂直に配向し、前記電極を流れ
る駆動電流により発生する磁界に応じて配向状態を変え
ることを特徴とする液晶表示素子。A liquid crystal layer having magnetic permeability anisotropy is provided between a pair of substrates provided with electrodes on inner surfaces facing each other, and liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer are applied to the substrate surface in a magnetic field-free state. A liquid crystal display element which is oriented almost perpendicular to the liquid crystal and changes an orientation state according to a magnetic field generated by a drive current flowing through the electrode.
沿う電極が互いにほぼ平行に設けられ、一方の基板の電
極と他方の基板の電極とにそれぞれ互いに逆向きに流れ
る駆動電流により前記一対の基板間に発生する一方向の
磁界により、液晶分子が前記基板面の法線に対して前記
一方向に傾き配向することを特徴とする請求項１に記載
の液晶表示素子。2. An electrode extending along a predetermined direction on each of inner surfaces of a pair of substrates is provided substantially in parallel with each other, and the driving currents flowing in opposite directions to the electrodes of one substrate and the electrodes of the other substrate, respectively. 2. The liquid crystal display element according to claim 1, wherein the liquid crystal molecules are tilted and aligned in one direction with respect to a normal to the substrate surface due to a magnetic field generated in one direction between the substrates.
定の方向に沿う電極が設けられ、他方の基板の内面に、
前記一方の基板の電極に対して所定の角度で交差する方
向に沿う電極が設けられ、前記一方の基板の電極と前記
他方の基板の電極とにそれぞれ互いに交差する向きに流
れる駆動電流により前記一対の基板間のうちの一方の基
板側の領域と他方の基板側の領域とに発生する互いに交
差する方向の磁界により、液晶分子が前記基板面の法線
に対して傾いた状態でツイスト配向することを特徴とす
る請求項１に記載の液晶表示素子。3. An electrode along a predetermined direction is provided on an inner surface of one of a pair of substrates, and an electrode is provided on an inner surface of the other substrate.
An electrode is provided along a direction that intersects the electrode of the one substrate at a predetermined angle, and the pair of electrodes is driven by a drive current flowing in a direction intersecting the electrode of the one substrate and the electrode of the other substrate. The liquid crystal molecules are twisted in a state in which the liquid crystal molecules are inclined with respect to the normal line of the substrate surface due to the magnetic fields generated in a region on one substrate side and a region on the other substrate side between the substrates. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein:
定の方向に沿う電極が設けられ、他方の基板の内面に、
前記一方の基板の電極とほぼ平行な方向に沿う第１の電
極と、この第１の電極に対して所定の角度で交差する方
向に沿う第２の電極とが、互いに絶縁されて設けられ、
前記一方の基板の電極と前記他方の基板の前記第１の電
極とにそれぞれ互いに逆向きに流れる駆動電流により前
記一対の基板間に発生する一方向の磁界により、液晶分
子が前記基板面の法線に対して一方向に傾き配向し、前
記一方の基板の電極と前記他方の基板の前記第２の電極
とにそれぞれ互いに交差する向きに流れる駆動電流によ
り前記一対の基板間のうちの一方の基板側の領域と他方
の基板側の領域とに発生する互いに交差する方向の磁界
により、前記液晶分子が前記基板面の法線に対して傾い
た状態でツイスト配向することを特徴とする請求項１に
記載の液晶表示素子。4. An electrode extending along a predetermined direction on an inner surface of one of a pair of substrates, and an inner surface of the other substrate is provided with an electrode.
A first electrode along a direction substantially parallel to the electrode of the one substrate and a second electrode along a direction intersecting the first electrode at a predetermined angle are provided insulated from each other,
By a unidirectional magnetic field generated between the pair of substrates by drive currents flowing in opposite directions to the electrodes of the one substrate and the first electrode of the other substrate, liquid crystal molecules are applied to the surface of the substrate. One of the pair of substrates by a drive current flowing in a direction intersecting with each other in a direction intersecting the electrode of the one substrate and the second electrode of the other substrate. The liquid crystal molecules are twist-aligned in a state in which the liquid crystal molecules are inclined with respect to a normal to the substrate surface by a magnetic field generated in a direction intersecting with each other in a region on the substrate side and a region on the other substrate side. 2. The liquid crystal display device according to 1.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000085010A JP2001272681A (en) | 2000-03-24 | 2000-03-24 | Liquid crystal display device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000085010A JP2001272681A (en) | 2000-03-24 | 2000-03-24 | Liquid crystal display device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2001272681A true JP2001272681A (en) | 2001-10-05 |
Family
ID=18601405
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000085010A Pending JP2001272681A (en) | 2000-03-24 | 2000-03-24 | Liquid crystal display device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2001272681A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114270253A (en) * | 2019-09-05 | 2022-04-01 | 脸谱科技有限责任公司 | Magnetic field driven liquid crystal patterning control system |
-
2000
- 2000-03-24 JP JP2000085010A patent/JP2001272681A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114270253A (en) * | 2019-09-05 | 2022-04-01 | 脸谱科技有限责任公司 | Magnetic field driven liquid crystal patterning control system |
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