JP2001272499A - Method and device for decomposing waste - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To decrease costs of facilities and operation and reduce the space for installing a device. SOLUTION: This device is equipped with a decomposition treatment furnace 15 which is so constituted that it possesses a melting bath formed by dissolving a non-combustible waste in wastes generated in facilities that becomes an inorganic oxide 18 and a supplying means 14 which supplies a combustible waste and a flame-retardant waste 11 as organic substances in wastes generated in the facilities together with a supplying medium to the decomposition treatment furnace 15 and introduces the combustible waste and the flame-retardant waste 11 from the bottom of a metal container 17 into the melting bath for the inorganic oxide 18. The inorganic oxide 18 is brought into contact with the organic substance 11 in the decomposition treatment furnace 15, whereby thermal decomposition is carried out for the organic substance 11 by using the heat of the melting bath for the inorganic oxide 18.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for decomposing and processing waste generated in a facility, and more particularly to a method for converting solid waste containing radioactive substances generated in a nuclear facility such as a nuclear power plant into one system. TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for decomposing waste, which can be treated inside the apparatus.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, solid wastes containing radioactive materials generated in nuclear facilities such as nuclear power plants have been known to be combustible wastes, flame-retardant wastes, and non-flammable wastes from the viewpoint of ease of disposal. Classified as municipal waste.

FIG. 22 is a schematic diagram showing the flow of this type of conventional solid waste treatment method.

In FIG. 22, wastes classified as flammable waste and flame-retardant waste 1, that is, organic matter, are incinerated in an incinerator 2 and then stored as incineration ash 3 in the facility 4. I have.

[0005] On the other hand, wastes classified as non-combustible wastes 5, ie, inorganic substances, are melted and reduced in volume (volume reduction) by a melting facility 6, and then formed in a waste body 7 and finally disposed. It is supposed to be.

[0006]

However, the conventional solid waste treatment method as described above has the following problems.

That is, the combustible waste and the flame-retardant waste 1 need to be incinerated in the incinerator 2 and the non-combustible waste 5 needs to be melted in the melting facility 6. For this reason, it is necessary to separate solid waste generated in a nuclear facility in advance as described above, and then to treat the solid waste with a processing facility having a processing capacity corresponding to the property of each waste.

Further, in the conventional method, the incinerated ash 3 after incinerating the combustible waste and the flame-retardant waste 1 is stored 4.
However, some stabilization processing 9 is required for the final disposal 10.

[0009] Therefore, conventionally, there has been a problem in reducing the equipment cost, the operating cost, and the installation space in the treatment of solid waste in a nuclear facility.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to decompose wastes capable of reducing equipment costs, operating costs, and installation space. It is to provide a method and an apparatus.

[0011]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for decomposing waste generated in a facility, comprising the steps of: Inorganic flammable waste and flame-retardant waste are introduced from the bottom into a molten bath formed by dissolving toxic waste, and the inorganic oxide and organic matter are brought into contact with each other. The organic matter is thermally decomposed by utilizing the heat of the molten bath of the inorganic oxide.

Further, in the invention corresponding to claim 2, in the method for decomposing waste generated in a facility, non-combustible waste which becomes inorganic oxide among the waste is dissolved and formed and stirred. Inorganic combustible waste and flame-retardant waste among the waste are put into the molten bath, and the inorganic oxide and the organic matter are mixed and brought into contact with each other. To thermally decompose organic matter.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for decomposing waste generated in a facility, wherein the non-combustible non-flammable inorganic oxide of the waste is placed inside the metal container heated by the heating means. Furnace that has a melting bath formed by dissolving flammable waste, and supplies flammable waste and flame-retardant waste, which are organic matter, to the decomposition furnace together with the supply medium. Supply means for introducing the inorganic oxide into the molten bath from the bottom of the metal container, and by using the heat of the inorganic oxide molten bath by contacting the inorganic oxide with the organic matter in the decomposition furnace. To thermally decompose organic matter.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for decomposing waste generated in a facility, wherein the non-flammable non-flammable inorganic oxide of the waste is placed inside the metal container heated by the heating means. Decomposition furnace having a melting bath formed by dissolving toxic waste, stirring means for stirring the inorganic oxide melting bath inside the metal container, and flammable waste that is an organic matter among the waste Supply means for supplying waste and flame-retardant waste to the decomposition furnace and feeding the inorganic oxide into the molten bath inside the metal container, and mixing and contacting the inorganic oxide and organic matter in the decomposition furnace By doing so, the organic matter is thermally decomposed using the heat of the molten bath of the inorganic oxide.

Further, in the invention according to claim 5, in the waste decomposition apparatus according to the invention according to claim 3 or 4, the combustible discharged from the molten bath of inorganic oxide by thermal decomposition of organic matter. A means for burning the reactive gas and purifying impurities and releasing it into the atmosphere; and a means for containing an inorganic oxide discharged from the inside of the metal container to the outside after the thermal decomposition of the organic substance is completed. ing.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a waste decomposition apparatus according to the third or fourth aspect of the present invention, wherein the flammable substance released from the molten bath of the inorganic oxide by the thermal decomposition of the organic matter. The inner wall of the combustion chamber that burns the reactive gas is covered with an iron-based metal plate.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the waste decomposing apparatus according to the third or fourth aspect of the present invention, the metal oxide container contains Co in a molten bath of an inorganic oxide. , Mn, etc., is provided with at least one radioactive substance collecting means comprising a mesh or a fin.
Are provided.

Further, in the invention according to claim 8, in the waste decomposition apparatus according to the invention according to claim 3 or 4, CaO, Na is contained in the molten bath of the inorganic oxide inside the metal container. And the like.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, in the waste decomposing apparatus according to the third or fourth aspect of the present invention, SiO ₂ or the like is contained in the molten bath of the inorganic oxide inside the metal container. And an acidic oxide charging means for charging the acidic oxide.

According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, in the waste decomposing apparatus according to the third or fourth aspect, the combustible discharged from the molten bath of the inorganic oxide by the thermal decomposition of the organic matter. Downstream of the combustion chamber for burning the reactive gas, a temperature reducing means for rapidly cooling the combustion exhaust gas from the combustion chamber is provided.

Further, in the invention according to claim 11,
In the waste decomposition apparatus according to the tenth aspect of the present invention, as the temperature reducing means, the combustion exhaust gas from the combustion chamber is quenched by a water spray into which cooling water is introduced. A desulfurizing / desalting agent such as caustic soda and quicklime is added to the inside.

According to a twelfth aspect of the present invention, in the waste decomposing apparatus according to the third or fourth aspect of the present invention, the flammable substance released from the molten bath of the inorganic oxide by the thermal decomposition of the organic matter. Deflection means for deflecting the flows of the combustible gas and the combustible fine particles in a specific direction is provided inside the combustion chamber for burning the flammable gas.

According to a thirteenth aspect of the present invention, in the waste decomposing apparatus according to the third or fourth aspect, the diameter of the upper portion of the metal container is reduced.

Further, in the invention according to claim 14,
The waste decomposition apparatus according to the third or fourth aspect of the present invention is provided in a combustion chamber for burning a combustible gas released from a molten bath of an inorganic oxide by thermal decomposition of an organic substance, and the fuel gas is provided. A burner that is supplied and burns with the combustion air, indoor temperature measuring means for measuring the indoor temperature of the combustion chamber, and a combustion amount of the burner so that the indoor temperature measured by the indoor temperature measuring means becomes a predetermined temperature. Control means for controlling.

According to a fifteenth aspect of the present invention, in the waste decomposing apparatus according to the tenth or eleventh aspect, a bag filter and a blower provided downstream of the temperature reducing means are provided; Gas temperature measurement means for measuring the temperature of the gas introduced into the bag filter from the temperature reduction means, and the water spray flow rate of the temperature reduction means so that the gas temperature measured by the gas temperature measurement means does not exceed the heat resistance temperature of the bag filter. And control means for controlling the

According to a sixteenth aspect of the present invention, in the waste decomposing apparatus according to the third or fourth aspect, the combustible discharged from the molten bath of the inorganic oxide by the thermal decomposition of the organic matter. A burner that is provided in a combustion chamber that burns a flammable gas and is supplied with fuel gas and burns with combustion air, a heater that heats combustion air, and unburned CO such as CO in combustion exhaust gas from the combustion chamber. The unburned gas concentration measuring means for measuring the gas concentration, and the amount of combustion air, the amount of combustion of the burner, and the amount of heating of the heater are respectively controlled based on the unburned gas concentration measured by the unburned gas concentration measuring means. Control means.

Further, in the invention according to claim 17,
In the waste decomposition apparatus according to the third or fourth aspect of the present invention, a bag filter and a blower provided downstream of the temperature reducing means, and an indoor pressure measuring means for measuring an indoor pressure of the combustion chamber, Control means for controlling the flow rate of the blower so that the indoor pressure measured by the indoor pressure measuring means becomes a negative pressure.

Further, in the invention according to claim 18, in the waste decomposing apparatus according to claim 14 or 16, the oxygen concentration in the combustion air is increased.

According to a nineteenth aspect of the present invention, in the waste decomposing apparatus according to the fourth aspect, at least one stirring means is provided in the molten bath of the inorganic oxide inside the metal container. Is supplied from the bottom of the metal container to agitate the molten bath.

According to a twentieth aspect of the present invention, in the waste decomposing apparatus according to the nineteenth aspect, the stirring means comprises three nozzles which are substantially symmetric about the axis of the metal container. And a swirling flow (centrifugal force field) is formed by a swirling method.

Furthermore, in the invention corresponding to claim 21,
In the waste decomposition apparatus according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, as the stirring means, the stirring bath is supplied by supplying stirring air from the upper part of the metal container to the melting bath of the inorganic oxide inside the metal container. It is supposed to be.

According to a twenty-second aspect of the present invention, in the waste decomposing apparatus according to the nineteenth aspect, the stirring means includes a separate nozzle provided in the molten bath of the inorganic oxide inside the metal container. Thus, the stirring bath is also supplied from above the metal container to stir the molten bath.

According to a twenty-third aspect of the present invention, in the waste decomposing apparatus according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the stirring means includes a stirring bath for supplying a molten bath of the inorganic oxide inside the metal container. Is supplied to stir the melting bath, and a mesh is provided inside the metal container to reduce bubbles generated by the stirring means.

Further, in the invention according to claim 24,
In the waste decomposition apparatus according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the upper part of the metal container is divided into a plurality of parts.

On the other hand, according to a twenty-fifth aspect of the present invention, in the waste decomposing apparatus according to the third or fourth aspect, the metal container is provided for suspending the metal container on an inner wall thereof. A plurality of stoppers are provided, the legs are freely opened by pivoting about a fulcrum, and a claw is formed at one end of each leg to abut against the stopper. A container hanger with a pull wire connected to the end side is provided, and the hook of the container hanger is hooked on a stopper of the metal container to suspend the metal container. Input,
Or take out.

According to a twenty-sixth aspect of the present invention, in the waste decomposing apparatus according to the third aspect, the supply means includes a pusher for supplying a combustible waste and an incombustible waste which are organic substances. , And is supplied into the molten bath of the inorganic oxide at a predetermined charging interval.

Further, in the invention according to claim 27,
In the waste decomposition apparatus according to the twenty-sixth aspect, the predetermined charging interval is set so as not to generate radioactive substances such as Co and Mn.

According to a twenty-eighth aspect of the present invention, in the waste decomposing apparatus according to the third or fourth aspect, the metal container may be an inorganic solid state inside the metal container. A re-melting means composed of a heat body for re-melting the oxide is configured to be inserted from above.

Further, in the invention according to claim 29,
In the waste decomposition apparatus according to the twenty-eighth aspect of the present invention, an iron-based metal plate is used as a heating element of the re-melting means.

[0040]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.

(First Embodiment: Corresponding to Claims 1, 3, and 5) FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration example of a decomposition apparatus to which a waste decomposition method according to this embodiment is applied. FIG.

In FIG. 1, among solid wastes containing radioactive substances generated in a nuclear facility such as a nuclear power plant, combustible wastes and flame-retardant wastes 11 which are organic substances are stored in a hopper.

The combustible waste and the flame-retardant waste 11 stored in the hopper are shredded / crushed to a predetermined size by a shredder / crusher 12, and then supplied from an air supply unit 13. The air is supplied to the decomposition furnace 15 by the supply equipment 14 together with the air as the supply medium.

On the other hand, the decomposition furnace 15 is generated at a nuclear facility such as a nuclear power plant inside a metal container (hereinafter simply referred to as a metal container) 17 heated by a high-frequency power supply 16 as a heating means. It has a melting bath formed by dissolving non-combustible waste that will become inorganic oxide 18 among solid waste containing radioactive substances.

Here, the combustible waste and the flame-retardant waste 11 are supplied from the bottom of the metal container 17 to the inorganic oxide 18.
Of the inorganic oxide 18 and the flammable waste and the flame-retardant waste 11 by bringing the inorganic oxide 18 into contact with the combustible waste and the flame-retardant waste 11 by utilizing the heat of the molten bath of the inorganic oxide 18. And the flame-retardant waste 11 is thermally decomposed.

Further, the decomposition furnace 15 causes the inorganic oxide 18 by thermal decomposition of the combustible waste and the flame retardant waste 11.
The combustible gas released from the molten bath is burned in a combustion chamber 20 by a burner 19, impurities such as radioactive substances after combustion are purified by a purification facility 21, and released to the atmosphere via a discharge cylinder 22. Like that.

Further, the metal container 17 of the decomposition furnace 15
Is provided below the ceramic container 23 for accommodating the inorganic oxide 18 discharged from the inside of the metal container 17 to the outside after the thermal decomposition of the combustible waste and the flame-retardant waste 11, which are organic substances, is completed. ing.

Next, the operation of the waste decomposing apparatus according to the present embodiment configured as described above will be described.

In FIG. 1, the combustible waste and the flame-retardant waste 11 stored in the hopper are shredded / crushed to a predetermined size by a shredding / crushing machine 12 and then air. The air is supplied from the supply facility 13 to the decomposition furnace 15 by the supply facility 14.

On the other hand, in the decomposition furnace 15, the high-frequency power source 1
In the metal container 17 heated by 6, the non-combustible waste that becomes the inorganic oxide 18 is dissolved to form a molten bath.

The combustible waste and the flame-retardant waste 11 supplied to the decomposition furnace 15 by the supply equipment 14 are introduced together with air into the molten bath of the inorganic oxide 18 from the bottom of the metal container 17. . Then, the combustible waste and the flame-retardant waste 11 released into the molten bath of the inorganic oxide 18 are:
It rises toward the surface of the bath.

While rising toward the surface of the bath, the combustible waste and the flame-retardant waste 11 are reduced to about 1 degree Celsius.
It comes into contact with the molten bath of the inorganic oxide 18 having a temperature of 200 degrees and is thermally decomposed by the heat of the molten bath.

Next, the flammable gas released from the molten bath of the inorganic oxide 18 by the thermal decomposition of the combustible waste and the flame-retardant waste 11 in the decomposition treatment furnace 15
Inside, it is burned by the burner 19.

Then, impurities such as radioactive substances after combustion are purified by the purification equipment 21 and released into the atmosphere by the discharge cylinder 22.

Further, when the supply and the decomposition of the combustible waste and the flame-retardant waste 11 to be treated are completed,
The inorganic oxide 18 inside the metal container 17 is supplied to the decomposition furnace 1
5 to the ceramic container 23.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the configuration of a test facility implemented to confirm the performance of the waste decomposition treatment according to the present embodiment. The same elements as those in FIG. Is shown.

In FIG. 2, the organic waste 11 stored in the hopper 24 is supplied to the decomposition treatment furnace 15 through the introduction pipe 26 together with the air supplied from the air supply equipment 13 while measuring the air supply amount with the flow meter 25. Is guided to the bottom of the metal container 17.

On the other hand, the metal container 17 is heated by the induction coil 16 which is a high-frequency power supply, and a molten bath of the inorganic oxide 18 is formed inside.

The organic waste 27 guided through the introduction pipe 26 is discharged from the bottom of the metal container 17 into the molten bath of the inorganic oxide 18 and rises toward the surface of the molten metal.

In the meantime, the organic waste 27 comes into contact with the molten bath of the inorganic oxide 18 and is thermally decomposed by the heat of the molten bath.

The combustible gas released from the molten bath of the inorganic oxide 18 by the thermal decomposition is guided to the purification facility 21 and purified.

In this case, the components in the gas are analyzed by a gas analyzer (for example, a CO monitor or an HC monitor) 28 while being guided to the purification facility 21.

FIG. 3 is a characteristic diagram showing an example of a test result performed by the test equipment shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 shows the relationship between the supply rate G of the organic waste 11 and the concentration P of the decomposition gas (CO + HC) of the organic waste 27 contained in the exhaust gas.

As shown in FIG. 3, as the supply rate G of the organic waste 11 increases, the decomposition gas concentration P of the organic waste 27 increases.
However, if the supply rate G of the organic waste 11 exceeds a certain value (about 50 kg / h in this example), the decomposition gas concentration P tends to be saturated. Therefore, in this example, 50k
About g / h is the limit of the organic waste decomposition ability.

As described above, in the present embodiment, the inorganic oxide 18 can be dissolved in the metal container 17 heated by the high frequency power supply 16. Therefore, the non-combustible waste that becomes the inorganic oxide 18 among the solid waste containing radioactive substances generated in a nuclear facility such as a nuclear power plant can be melted in the metal container 17.

Further, in this embodiment, since the organic waste can be thermally decomposed by introducing the organic waste into the molten bath of the dissolved inorganic oxide 18 from the bottom of the metal container 17, a nuclear power plant or the like can be used. Among the solid wastes containing radioactive materials generated in nuclear facilities, organic wastes classified as combustible waste and flame-retardant waste 11 can also be treated.

Further, the organic waste is taken into the inorganic oxide 18, discharged into the ceramic container 22, cooled and solidified, and thus subjected to a stabilization treatment.

As described above, the volume reduction treatment of the inorganic oxide 18, the treatment of the organic matter, and the stabilization treatment of the organic waste can be achieved in one apparatus. For this reason, it is not necessary to separate solid waste and separately install processing equipment according to the nature of each waste as in the conventional case described above, and it is also necessary to add organic waste stabilization processing equipment Absent.

Therefore, reduction of equipment cost and operation cost,
In addition, the installation space can be reduced.

As described above, in the method and apparatus for decomposing waste according to the present embodiment, the solid waste containing radioactive materials generated in nuclear facilities such as a nuclear power plant is made of the non-combustible Among the solid waste containing radioactive materials generated in nuclear facilities such as nuclear power plants, flammable waste and flame-retardant waste 11, which are organic matter, are supplied into a molten bath formed by dissolving waste. As a result, the inorganic oxide and the organic substance are brought into contact with each other, so that the heat of dissolution of the inorganic oxide 18 can be effectively used to thermally decompose the organic substance.

Further, since the processing of the inorganic oxide 18 and the organic substance is performed in one system, a plurality of processing functions can be integrated.

Further, since the processing of the organic substance is performed in the inorganic oxide 18, the stabilization processing of the organic substance can be realized at the same time.

As described above, it is possible to reduce the equipment cost, the operation cost, and the installation space.

(Second Embodiment: Corresponding to Claims 2, 4, and 5) FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration example of a decomposition apparatus to which a waste decomposition method according to this embodiment is applied. It is a figure and the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and shown to the same element as FIG.

In FIG. 4, among solid wastes containing radioactive materials generated in a nuclear facility such as a nuclear power plant, flammable wastes and flame-retardant wastes 11, which are organic matters, are stored in a hopper.

The combustible waste and the flame-retardant waste 11 stored in the hopper are shredded and crushed to a predetermined size by a shredder / crusher 12 and then supplied to a decomposition facility 15 by a supply facility 14. To supply it.

On the other hand, the decomposition treatment furnace 15 contains solid waste containing radioactive substances generated in a nuclear facility such as a nuclear power plant inside a metal container 17 heated by a high-frequency power source 16 as a heating means. It has a melting bath formed by dissolving the non-combustible waste that will become the inorganic oxide 18.

Further, air as a supply medium supplied from the air supply equipment 13 which is a stirring means is supplied to the bottom of the metal container 17 in the molten bath of the inorganic oxide 18 dissolved in the metal container 17. From the metal container 17
The molten bath of the inorganic oxide 18 inside is agitated.

Here, the combustible waste and the flame-retardant waste 11 are transferred from the top of the metal container 17 to the inorganic oxide 18.
Of the inorganic oxide 1
8 is brought into contact with the combustible waste and the flame-retardant waste 11 so that the heat of the molten bath of the inorganic oxide 18 is used to thermally decompose the combustible waste and the flame-retardant waste 11. I have to.

The decomposition furnace 15 is provided with an inorganic oxide 18 by thermal decomposition of combustible waste and flame-retardant waste 11.
The combustible gas released from the molten bath is burned in a combustion chamber 20 by a burner 19, impurities such as radioactive substances after combustion are purified by a purification facility 21, and released to the atmosphere via a discharge cylinder 22. Like that.

Further, the metal container 17 of the decomposition processing furnace 15
Is provided below the ceramic container 23 for accommodating the inorganic oxide 18 discharged from the inside of the metal container 17 to the outside after the thermal decomposition of the combustible waste and the flame-retardant waste 11, which are organic substances, is completed. ing.

Next, the operation of the waste decomposing apparatus according to the present embodiment configured as described above will be described.

In FIG. 4, the combustible waste and the flame-retardant waste 11 stored in the hopper are shredded / crushed to a predetermined size by a shredder / crusher 12, and then supplied. It is supplied to the decomposition furnace 15 by the equipment 14.

On the other hand, in the decomposition furnace 15, the high-frequency power source 1
In the metal container 17 heated by 6, the non-combustible waste that becomes the inorganic oxide 18 is dissolved to form a molten bath.

Air is blown into the molten bath of the inorganic oxide 18 dissolved in the metal container 17 from the bottom of the metal container 17 from the air supply equipment 13, and the inside of the metal container 17 is melted. The molten bath of the inorganic oxide 18 is being stirred.

The combustible waste and the flame-retardant waste 11 supplied to the decomposition furnace 15 by the supply equipment 14 are introduced into the molten bath of the inorganic oxide 18 from above the metal container 17. Then, the flammable waste and the flame-retardant waste 11 put into the molten bath of the inorganic oxide 18 become the inorganic oxide 1
8 with the melt bath.

During the stirring and mixing, the combustible waste and the flame-retardant waste 11 are brought into contact with a melting bath of the inorganic oxide 18 having a temperature of about 1200 ° C. Is thermally decomposed.

Next, the combustible gas released from the molten bath of the inorganic oxide 18 by the thermal decomposition of the combustible waste and the flame-retardant waste 11 in the decomposition treatment furnace 15
Inside, it is burned by the burner 19.

Then, impurities such as radioactive substances after combustion are purified by the purification equipment 21 and released into the atmosphere by the discharge cylinder 22.

Further, when the supply and decomposition of the combustible waste and the flame-retardant waste 11 to be treated are completed,
The inorganic oxide 18 inside the metal container 17 is supplied to the decomposition furnace 1
5 to the ceramic container 23.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the configuration of a test facility implemented to confirm the performance of the waste decomposition treatment according to the present embodiment. The same elements as those in FIG. Is shown.

In FIG. 5, the organic waste 11 stored in the hopper is introduced from the upper part of the metal container 17 in the decomposition furnace 15.

On the other hand, the metal container 17 is heated by the induction coil 16 which is a high-frequency power supply, and a molten bath of the inorganic oxide 18 is formed inside.

Air is supplied to the molten bath of the inorganic oxide 18 from the air supply equipment 13 and the molten bath of the inorganic oxide 18 is stirred.

The organic waste 27 put in the metal container 17 comes into contact with the molten bath of the inorganic oxide 18 and is thermally decomposed by the heat of the molten bath.

The flammable gas released from the molten bath of the inorganic oxide 18 by the thermal decomposition is guided to a purification facility (not shown) and purified as in the case of the first embodiment.

In this case, while being guided to the purification equipment, the components in the gas are analyzed by a gas analyzer (for example, a CO monitor or an HC monitor) not shown.

In the test carried out by the test equipment shown in FIG. 5, the test results as shown in FIG. 3 were obtained as in the case of the first embodiment, and the organic waste 27 was obtained.
The supply rate G of the organic waste 11 is
In the case of this example, there was a tendency to saturate at about 30 kg / h. Therefore, in this example, about 30 kg / h is the limit of the organic waste decomposition ability.

As described above, in the present embodiment, the inorganic oxide 18 can be dissolved in the metal container 17 heated by the high frequency power supply 16. Therefore, the non-combustible waste that becomes the inorganic oxide 18 among the solid waste containing radioactive substances generated in a nuclear facility such as a nuclear power plant can be melted in the metal container 17.

Further, in this embodiment, the organic waste is thermally decomposed by being charged from the upper part of the metal container 17 into the molten bath of the dissolved inorganic oxide 18 which is stirred by the introduction of air. Therefore, among solid wastes containing radioactive substances generated in nuclear facilities such as nuclear power plants, organic wastes classified as combustible waste and flame-retardant waste 11 can also be treated.

Further, the organic waste is taken into the inorganic oxide 18, discharged into the ceramic container 22, cooled and solidified, and thus subjected to a stabilization treatment.

As described above, the volume reduction treatment of the inorganic oxide 18, the treatment of the organic matter, and the stabilization treatment of the organic waste can be achieved in one apparatus. For this reason, it is not necessary to separate solid waste and separately install processing equipment according to the nature of each waste as in the conventional case described above, and it is also necessary to add organic waste stabilization processing equipment Absent.

Therefore, reduction of equipment cost and operation cost,
In addition, the installation space can be reduced.

As described above, in the method and the apparatus for decomposing waste according to the present embodiment, the solid waste containing radioactive substances generated in a nuclear facility such as a nuclear power plant includes the non-combustible Among the solid waste containing radioactive materials generated in nuclear facilities such as nuclear power plants, flammable waste and organic waste, which are organic substances, are contained in a molten bath formed by dissolving and stirring waste. Since 11 is supplied to bring the inorganic oxide and the organic substance into mixed contact, the thermal decomposition of the organic substance can be performed by effectively utilizing the heat of dissolution of the inorganic oxide 18.

Further, since the processing of the inorganic oxide 18 and the organic substance is performed in one system, a plurality of processing functions can be integrated.

Further, since the treatment of the organic substance is performed in the inorganic oxide 18, the stabilization treatment of the organic substance can be realized at the same time.

As described above, it is possible to reduce the equipment cost, the operating cost, and the installation space.

(Third Embodiment: Corresponding to Claim 6) FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a configuration of a main part including a part of a waste decomposing apparatus according to this embodiment. 2, FIG.
The same elements as those in FIG. 5 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted. Here, only different parts will be described.

That is, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, the flammable gas released from the molten bath of the inorganic oxide 18 by the thermal decomposition of the organic substance in the first or second embodiment described above. The inner wall surface of the combustion chamber 20 for burning is covered with an iron-based metal plate (for example, a SUS plate) 30.

Next, in the waste decomposition apparatus of the present embodiment configured as described above, the inner wall surface of the combustion chamber 20 is covered with an iron-based metal plate (SUS plate) 30, Radioactive elements (Cs, Sr, U, Pu, etc.), dioxins and the like can be prevented from penetrating and adhering to surrounding refractory materials. Thereby, harmful substances such as radioactive elements and dioxins can be removed. In addition, an iron-based metal plate (SUS
The plate 30 is sheared at the time of repair and melted at the time of metal melting. (Fourth Embodiment: Corresponding to Claim 7) FIGS. 7 and 8
1 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a configuration of a main part of a waste decomposition apparatus according to the present embodiment.
The same elements as those described above are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof will be omitted, and only different parts will be described here.

That is, in the present embodiment, in the first or second embodiment described above, as shown in FIG. At least one mesh 31 as a radioactive substance collecting means for collecting radioactive substances such as Mn (2 in the figure)
8) or, as shown in FIG. 8, Co, Mn in a molten bath of an inorganic oxide 18 in a metal container 17.
The number of fins 32 as a radioactive substance collecting means for collecting radioactive substances such as the above is provided in a single circumferential direction in a large number (eight in the figure) in one stage or plural stages (two in the figure).

Next, in the waste decomposing apparatus of the present embodiment configured as described above, a radioactive substance such as Co and Mn in a molten bath of an inorganic oxide 18 is placed inside a metal container 17. By providing at least one radioactive substance collecting means including the mesh 31 or the fins 32 for collecting, the substantial area of the metal container 17 is increased, and Co, Mn in the molten bath of the inorganic oxide 18 is increased. A radioactive substance that reacts with a metal, such as, can be attached to the metal container 17 to prevent the radioactive substance from scattering in the gas phase.

Thus, harmful substances such as radioactive substances can be removed. (Fifth Embodiment: Corresponding to Claim 8) The waste decomposition apparatus according to the present embodiment is the same as the first or second embodiment, except that the inorganic oxide
8 is provided with a desalting agent charging means for charging a desalinating agent such as CaO and Na into the molten bath. Next, in the waste decomposition apparatus according to the present embodiment configured as described above, the inorganic oxide 1 inside the metal container 17 is removed.
By adding a desalinating agent such as CaO and Na into the molten bath of No. 8, Ca as a component of the inorganic oxide 18 in the molten bath
By increasing O and Na, desalting of HCl, dioxin and the like can be promoted. Thereby, harmful substances such as dioxin can be removed. (Sixth Embodiment: Corresponding to Claim 9) The waste decomposing apparatus according to the present embodiment is the same as the first or second embodiment, except that the inorganic oxide
8 is provided with an acidic oxide charging means for charging an acidic oxide such as SiO ₂ into the molten bath.

Next, in the waste decomposition apparatus of the present embodiment configured as described above, an acidic oxide such as SiO _{2 is} charged into the molten bath of the inorganic oxide 18 inside the metal container 17. By doing, S in the molten bath of the inorganic oxide 18
The amount of iO ₂ is increased to increase the degree of oxidation, and radioactive elements (Cs, Sr, U, Pu, etc.) that are easily oxidized are restrained in the molten bath of the inorganic oxide 18, and the radioactive substance is scattered in the gas phase. Can be suppressed.

Thus, harmful substances such as radioactive substances can be removed. In the present embodiment, by supplying an organic substance into the molten bath of the inorganic oxide 18 from the bottom of the metal container 17, the decomposition rate of the organic substance in the molten bath of the inorganic oxide 18 is improved, and It is possible to prevent the diffusion of Cs and the like into the gas phase and promote the decomposition of dioxin and the like.

(Seventh Embodiment: Corresponding to Claims 10 and 11) FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the entire configuration including a part of a waste decomposition apparatus according to this embodiment. 1 and FIGS. 2, 4 and 5 have the same reference characters allotted, and their description will not be repeated. Only different parts will be described here.

That is, in the present embodiment, in the first or second embodiment described above, as shown in FIG. 9, the combustible gas released from the molten bath of the inorganic oxide 18 by the thermal decomposition of the organic substance Is provided downstream of the combustion chamber 20 for combusting the fuel.
3 is provided.

Here, as the temperature reducer 33, the combustion exhaust gas from the combustion chamber 20 is quenched by a water spray 33a into which cooling water is introduced via a valve 33b. A desulfurizing / desalting agent such as caustic soda and quicklime is added to the spray 33a.

Next, in the waste decomposing apparatus of the present embodiment configured as described above, on the downstream side of the combustion chamber 20, a temperature reducer using a water spray 33a for rapidly cooling the combustion exhaust gas from the combustion chamber 20 is provided. By providing 33, the combustion exhaust gas from the combustion chamber 20 can be rapidly cooled to 850 ° C. to 1500 ° C. or less, and the resynthesis of dioxin can be suppressed. Thereby, harmful substances such as dioxin can be removed. In addition, desalination and desulfurization can be performed by adding a desulfurizing / desalting agent such as caustic soda and quick lime to the water spray 33a as required.

(Eighth Embodiment: Corresponding to Claim 12)
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration example of a main part including a waste decomposition apparatus according to the present embodiment, and the same elements as those in FIGS. 1 and 2, 4 and 5 are denoted by the same reference numerals. The description thereof will be omitted, and only different portions will be described here.

That is, in the present embodiment, in the first or second embodiment described above, as shown in FIG. 6, the flammable gas released from the molten bath of the inorganic oxide 18 by the thermal decomposition of the organic substance. Is provided inside the combustion chamber 20 for combusting the combustible gas and the combustible fine particles 34 as a deflecting means for deflecting the flow of the combustible gas and the combustible fine particles 34 in a specific direction. Next, in the waste decomposition apparatus of the present embodiment configured as described above, the graph body 35 that deflects the flow of the combustible gas and the combustible fine particles 34 in a specific direction is provided inside the combustion chamber 20. By doing so, the combustion of the decomposed combustible gas and the combustible fine particles (tar, char, etc.) 34 can be promoted and complete combustion can be achieved.

That is, the combustion portion 20a of the combustion chamber 20 has a swirling flow field, a downdraft in the periphery and an updraft in the center, and the updraft causes the combustion chamber 20 of the flammable gas and the flammable fine particles 34. So that the residence time in the building does not become short. Then, the flow of the combustible gas and the combustible fine particles 34 is directed to the peripheral portion by the graph body 35,
The combustion reaction is promoted again with the downdraft.

Thus, the combustible gas and the combustible fine particles 34 can be completely burned.

(Ninth Embodiment: Corresponding to Claim 13)
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a main configuration including a part of a waste decomposition apparatus according to the present embodiment.
The same elements as those in FIGS. 4 and 5 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted. Only different parts will be described here.

That is, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 10, the diameter of the upper portion of the metal container 17 is reduced in the first or second embodiment.

Next, in the waste decomposing apparatus of the present embodiment configured as described above, the diameter of the upper portion of the metal container 17 is reduced so that the upper portion of the metal container 17 has resistance and resistance. As a result, the decomposition gas can be generated more constantly. When the generation of the decomposition gas becomes constant, the change in the supply time of the combustion air to the burner 19 becomes smaller, and the complete combustion is further promoted. Thereby, the combustible gas and the combustible fine particles 34 can be completely burned.

(Tenth Embodiment: Corresponding to Claims 14 to 18) FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the entire configuration including a part of a waste decomposition apparatus according to this embodiment. 1 and FIGS. 2, 4 and 5 have the same reference characters allotted, and their description will not be repeated. Only different parts will be described here.

That is, in this embodiment, in the first or second embodiment described above, as shown in FIG. 9, the flammable gas released from the molten bath of the inorganic oxide 18 by the thermal decomposition of the organic substance The burner 19 is provided in a combustion chamber 20 that burns fuel, is supplied with fuel gas through a valve 36, and burns with combustion air supplied through a valve 37, and measures the indoor temperature of the combustion chamber 20. An indoor thermometer 38, a bag filter 39 and a blower 40 provided downstream of the desuperheater 33, and a gas thermometer 4 for measuring the temperature of gas introduced into the bag filter 39 from the desuperheater 33.
1, a heater 42 for heating the combustion air supplied to the burner 19 via the valve 37, and an unburned gas concentration meter 43 for measuring the concentration of unburned gas such as CO in the combustion exhaust gas from the combustion chamber 20. And an indoor pressure gauge 44 for measuring the indoor pressure of the combustion chamber 20, and a computer 45 such as a personal computer as control means.

[0130] The computer 45 operates the valve 36 so that the room temperature measured by the room thermometer 38 becomes a predetermined temperature.
The valve 36 is opened and closed so that the gas temperature measured by the gas thermometer 41 does not exceed the heat-resistant temperature of the bag filter 39 by opening and closing the valve 36 and controlling the fuel amount of the burner 19. Based on the control function for controlling the flow rate of the water spray 33a and the unburned gas concentration measured by the unburned gas concentration meter 43, the valves 37 and 36 are opened and closed to control the combustion air amount and the fuel amount of the burner 19. A control function for controlling the amount of heating by controlling the power supplied to the heater 42 and controlling the flow rate of the blower 40 so that the indoor pressure measured by the indoor pressure gauge 44 becomes a negative pressure. And a control function.

Next, the operation of the waste decomposition apparatus according to the present embodiment configured as described above will be described.

The operation of the same portion as that of the first or second embodiment is not described, and only the operation of a different portion will be described.

In FIG. 9, temperature control, combustion control, and pressure control are respectively performed by control signals from a computer 45.

That is, the valve 3 is controlled so that the room temperature measured by the room thermometer 38 maintains a predetermined temperature (a predetermined temperature required for more complete combustion).
The temperature inside the combustion chamber 20 is controlled by adjusting the fuel amount of the burner 19 by opening and closing 6.

When the room temperature is lower than the predetermined temperature, the supply amount of the fuel gas to the burner 19 is increased, and when the room temperature is higher than the predetermined temperature, the supply amount of the fuel gas to the burner 19 is reduced. .

Specifically, for example, the output of the burner 19 is set at 60,000 kcal / h, the combustion air is set at about 200 Nm ³ / h, and the temperature inside the combustion chamber 20 is set at 850 to 1500 degrees Celsius. The temperature in the combustion chamber 20 is controlled by opening and closing the valve 36 to adjust the fuel amount of the burner 19.

On the other hand, the valve 36 is opened and closed so that the gas temperature measured by the gas thermometer 41 does not exceed the heat resistance temperature of the bag filter 39.
The temperature of the combustion exhaust gas from the combustion chamber 20 is controlled by adjusting the flow rate of the cooling water supplied to a.

In this case, the temperature is set to, for example, 200 degrees Celsius or less in order to suppress the DXN resynthesis. Also, do not fall below zero.

These operations are performed by measuring the temperature of the gas introduced into the bag filter 39 from the cooler 33 and adjusting the flow rate of the water spray 33a of the cooler 33.

On the other hand, based on the unburned gas concentration measured by the unburned gas concentration meter 43, the valves 37 and 36 are opened and closed to adjust the combustion air amount and the fuel amount of the burner 19,
Further, by adjusting the heating amount of the heater 42,
Perform combustion control.

In this case, along with the supply of the organic matter which is the decomposition product, the supply amount of the fuel gas to the burner 19 is reduced to stop the combustion of the burner 19, and the amount of combustion air is increased.
The amount of combustion air is set to an excess air ratio of 2 to 2.5 with respect to a decomposition gas generated by thermal decomposition of an organic substance.

[0142] Further, the combustion air is previously set at 60 degrees Celsius.
Heat to about 0 degrees.

Further, when the unburned gas concentration measured by the unburned gas concentration meter 43 decreases, the amount of fuel gas supplied to the burner 19 is increased, and the burner 19 is reburned.

On the other hand, the pressure in the combustion chamber 20 is controlled by adjusting the rotation speed of the blower 40 and adjusting the flow rate of the blower 40 so that the indoor pressure measured by the indoor pressure gauge 44 maintains the negative pressure. Perform

Thus, the combustible gas and the combustible fine particles 34 can be completely burned.

In this embodiment, the combustion speed can be enhanced by increasing the oxygen concentration in the combustion air.

(Eleventh Embodiment: Corresponding to Claim 19) FIGS. 11 and 12 are schematic diagrams showing an example of the configuration of a main part of a waste decomposition apparatus according to this embodiment. The same elements as in FIG. 5 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted. Only different parts will be described here.

That is, in the present embodiment, in the second embodiment described above, as the stirring means, the stirring medium which is the supply medium supplied from the air supply equipment 13 is used as shown in FIG. It is supplied from the bottom of the metal container 17 by the nozzles 46 to stir the molten bath of the inorganic oxide 18 inside the metal container 17 or, as shown in FIG. The inorganic oxide 18 inside the metal container 17 is supplied from the bottom of the container 17.
Is stirred.

Next, in the waste decomposition apparatus of the present embodiment configured as described above, the stirring air is supplied from the bottom of the metal container 17 by one nozzle 46.
By stirring the molten bath of the inorganic oxide 18 and adding the organic substance thereto, the temperature of the organic substance and the diffusion of the organic substance can be promoted with one simple nozzle 46.

Further, air for stirring was supplied from the bottom of the metal container 17 by three nozzles 46 to the inorganic oxide 1.
By stirring the molten bath of No. 8, the organic material is injected into the molten bath, thereby improving the uniformity in the circumferential direction with three nozzles 46 (reducing the unevenness of the air in the horizontal cross section) and increasing the temperature of the organic material. , Can promote organic matter diffusion.

Thus, the decomposition rate of organic substances can be improved.

(Twelfth Embodiment: Corresponding to Claim 20) FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration example of a main part of a waste decomposition apparatus according to this embodiment. The same reference numerals are given and the description is omitted, and only different portions will be described here.

That is, in the present embodiment, in the eleventh embodiment described above, the three nozzles 46 are arranged so as to be substantially symmetric about the axis of the metal container 17 as shown in FIG. They are arranged to form a swirling flow (centrifugal force field) by a swirling method.

Next, in the waste decomposing apparatus of the present embodiment configured as described above, stirring air is supplied from the bottom of the metal container 17 through three nozzles 46,
A swirling flow (centrifugal force field) is formed by a swirling method, and the molten bath of the inorganic oxide 18 is agitated so that an organic substance is introduced therein, thereby promoting separation of the organic substance and bubbles from each other, and a central portion. Lowering the liquid level, raising the surrounding liquid level to increase the wave height, making it easier for organic matter to be involved,
Organic matter diffusion can be promoted.

As a result, the decomposition rate of organic substances can be further improved.

(Thirteenth Embodiment: Corresponding to Claim 21) FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the configuration of a main part of a waste decomposition apparatus according to this embodiment, which is the same as FIGS. 4 and 5. The same reference numerals are given to the elements, and the description thereof will be omitted. Here, only different parts will be described.

That is, in the present embodiment, in the second embodiment described above, as the stirring means, the stirring medium which is the supply medium supplied from the air supply equipment 13 is used as shown in FIG. The metal is supplied from the upper central portion of the metal container 17 by the nozzles 46 to stir the molten bath of the inorganic oxide 18 inside the metal container 17.

Next, in the waste decomposing apparatus of the present embodiment configured as described above, the stirring air is supplied from the upper central portion of the metal container 17 by one nozzle 46, and the inorganic air is supplied. By stirring the molten bath of the oxide 18, the organic substance is added thereto, thereby lowering the liquid level in the center and raising the surrounding liquid level to increase the wave height, making it easier for the organic substance to be entrained. Temperature, organic matter diffusion can be promoted.

As a result, the decomposition rate of organic substances can be further improved.

(Fourteenth Embodiment: Corresponding to Claim 21) FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the configuration of a main part of a waste decomposition apparatus according to this embodiment, which is the same as FIGS. 4 and 5. The same reference numerals are given to the elements, and the description thereof will be omitted. Here, only different parts will be described.

That is, in the present embodiment, in the above-described second embodiment, as the stirring means, stirring air as a supply medium supplied from the air supply equipment 13 is used as shown in FIG. The molten metal is supplied from the upper peripheral portion of the metal container 17 by the nozzles 46 to stir the molten bath of the inorganic oxide 18 inside the metal container 17.

Next, in the waste decomposing apparatus of the present embodiment configured as described above, the stirring air is supplied from the upper peripheral portion of the metal container 17 by the three nozzles 46 and the inorganic air is supplied to the waste decomposition device. The molten bath of the oxide 18 is stirred, and the organic substance is introduced into the molten bath, thereby improving the uniformity in the circumferential direction with three nozzles 46 (reducing the unevenness of air in the horizontal cross section), and Temperature, organic matter diffusion can be promoted.

Thus, the decomposition rate of organic substances can be improved.

(Fifteenth Embodiment: Corresponding to Claim 22) FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration example of a main part of a waste decomposition apparatus according to the present embodiment. The same reference numerals are given and the description is omitted, and only different portions will be described here.

That is, in this embodiment, as in the eleventh embodiment described above, the combustion air supplied from the combustion air supply equipment 29 is used as stirring means as shown in FIG. The nozzle 46 supplies the stirring air from the upper peripheral portion of the metal container 17 also as the stirring air. The stirring air is supplied from both the bottom portion and the upper portion of the metal container 17, and the inorganic oxide inside the metal container 17 is supplied. The configuration is such that the 18 molten baths are stirred.

Next, in the waste decomposing apparatus according to the present embodiment configured as described above, the stirring air is supplied from both the bottom and the top of the metal container 17 to remove the inorganic oxide 18. By stirring the molten bath, by putting the organic matter here, it becomes easier to entangle the organic matter,
The temperature of the organic substance and the diffusion of the organic substance can be promoted.

As a result, the decomposition rate of organic substances can be further improved.

(Sixteenth Embodiment: Corresponding to Claim 23) FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the main configuration of a waste decomposition apparatus according to the present embodiment, which is the same as FIGS. 4 and 5. The same reference numerals are given to the elements, and the description thereof will be omitted. Here, only different parts will be described.

That is, in this embodiment, in the second embodiment described above, as shown in FIG. 7, a stirring medium, which is a supply medium supplied from the air supply equipment 13, is provided inside a metal container 17. Air is supplied from the bottom of the metal container 17 by one nozzle 46, and at least one (two in the figure) mesh 31 is provided to reduce bubbles generated thereby.

Next, in the waste decomposition apparatus of the present embodiment configured as described above, a mesh 31 for reducing bubbles generated by stirring air is provided inside the metal container 17. Thereby, the bubbles can be reduced and the contact between the molten bath of the inorganic oxide 18 and the organic substance can be promoted.

As a result, the decomposition rate of organic substances can be further improved.

(Seventeenth Embodiment: Corresponding to Claim 24) FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a main part configuration including a part of a waste decomposition apparatus according to the present embodiment. 2, the same elements as those in FIGS. 4 and 5 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted. Only different parts will be described here.

That is, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 17, the upper part of the metal container 17 is divided into a plurality of parts (three divisions in the figure) in the first or second embodiment. I have.

Next, in the waste decomposing apparatus of the present embodiment configured as described above, the upper part of the metal container 17 is divided into three parts, so that the wave height is increased so that organic matter can be easily entrained. Thus, the temperature of the organic substance and the diffusion of the organic substance can be promoted.

As a result, the decomposition rate of organic substances can be further improved.

(Eighteenth Embodiment) FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the configuration of a main part of a waste decomposition apparatus according to the present embodiment. The same elements as those in FIGS. 4 and 5 are denoted by the same reference numerals. The description is omitted here, and only different parts will be described here.

That is, in the present embodiment, in the second embodiment described above, as shown in FIG. 18, a stirring medium, which is a supply medium supplied from the air supply equipment 13, is provided at the bottom of a metal container 17. Air is supplied from the bottom of the metal container 17 by a single ejection body 47 having a plurality of ejection holes with a small ejection diameter (for example, 1 mm) to supply a plurality of stirring air. I have.

Next, in the waste decomposing apparatus according to the present embodiment configured as described above, the stirring air is supplied to the jetting member 47 having a plurality of jetting holes having a small jetting diameter.
When the stirring air is supplied into the molten bath of the inorganic oxide 18 in the metal container 17 by supplying the stirring air, a plurality of the stirring air is supplied to reduce the bubbles to reduce the inorganic oxide 1.
8 can promote the contact between the molten bath and the organic matter.

As a result, the decomposition rate of organic substances can be further improved.

(Nineteenth Embodiment: Corresponding to Claim 25) FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration example of a main part including a part of a waste decomposing apparatus according to this embodiment. 2, the same elements as those in FIGS. 4 and 5 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted. Only different parts will be described here.

That is, in this embodiment, in the first or second embodiment described above, as shown in FIG. 17, a plurality of (for hanging the metal container 17) are hung on the inner wall of the metal container 17. (Four in the figure) stoppers 48 are provided substantially symmetrically about the axis of the metal container 17, and the metal container 17 is suspended by the container hanging tool 49 into the decomposition furnace. Is loaded or taken out.

FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram showing a detailed configuration example of the container hanging tool 49. As shown in FIG.

That is, as shown in FIG. 19, the container hanging tool 49 is a two-piece
A pair of leg portions 49b is attached with bolts, and the leg portions 49b are configured to be freely opened by turning about the base material 49a, and a claw portion 49 abutting on a stopper 48 at one end side of each leg portion 49b.
c is formed, and a pulling wire 49d is connected to the other end of each leg 49b.

Thus, the metal container 17 is put into or taken out of the decomposition furnace while the metal container 17 is suspended by hooking the claw portion 49c of the container hanging tool 49 on the stopper 48 of the metal container 17. I do it.

Next, in the waste decomposing apparatus of the present embodiment configured as described above, a plurality of stoppers 48 for suspending the metal container 17 are provided on the inner wall of the metal container 17, and the fulcrum 49a is provided. The legs are configured to be freely opened by pivoting around the center, and a stopper 4 is provided at one end of each leg 49b.
8 are provided, and the other end of each leg 49b is provided with a container hanging tool 49 to which a pull wire 49d is connected, and the claw 49c of the container hanging tool 49 is connected to the metal container 17. Metal container 1
The metal container 17 is put into or taken out of the decomposition furnace while the metal 7 is suspended, so that, for example, the supply of organic matter and the decomposition processing are completed, and the inorganic material inside the metal container 17 is removed. After the oxide 18 has been discharged from the decomposition furnace 15 into the ceramic container 23, the metal container 17 can be easily or safely put into or taken out of the decomposition furnace, thereby maintaining the metal container 17 easily. It is possible to improve the safety of loading and unloading operations.

(Twentieth Embodiment: Corresponding to Claims 26 and 27) FIG. 20 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration example of a main part of a waste decomposition apparatus according to this embodiment. The same elements as those in FIG. 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted. Only different parts will be described here.

That is, in the present embodiment, in the first embodiment described above, the
As shown in (1), the organic substance 27 is made into a substantially spherical body having a predetermined size by a pusher 50 and supplied into the molten bath of the inorganic oxide 18 at a predetermined charging interval.

Here, as the predetermined charging interval, Co,
An interval that does not generate radioactive substances such as Mn, that is, 30 strokes / min with a pusher, 50 to 250 k
When processing g / h, about 30 spheres of 1.5 to 2.5 cm are supplied per minute.

Next, in the waste decomposition apparatus of the present embodiment configured as described above, the organic matter 27 is made into a substantially spherical body of a predetermined size by the pusher 50, and the inorganic oxide 18 is removed at a predetermined charging interval. By supplying the gas into the molten bath, the amount of decomposition gas generated by the thermal decomposition of the organic substance 27 can be made uniform, and the decomposition rate can be improved.

(Twenty-first Embodiment: Corresponding to Claims 28 and 29) FIG. 21 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a configuration of a main part including a part of a waste decomposition apparatus according to this embodiment. 1 and 2 and FIGS. 4 and 5 are denoted by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted. Only different parts will be described here.

That is, in this embodiment, in the first or second embodiment described above, as shown in FIG. 21, as the metal container 17, the solidified inorganic oxide 18 inside the metal container 17 is used. The heating element 51 shown in the figure, which is a re-melting means for re-melting the material, can be inserted from above.

Here, as the heat body 51 of the re-melting means,
An iron-based metal plate (for example, a SUS plate) is used.

Next, in the waste decomposing apparatus of the present embodiment configured as described above, the solidified inorganic oxide 18 in the metal container 17 is heated by the heat source 5 serving as re-melting means.
By re-melting in step 1, the solidified inorganic oxide 18 inside the metal container 17 can be re-melted.

Thus, it takes a long time to complete the supply and decomposition of the organic matter, for example, and the metal container 1
In the event that the inorganic oxide 18 inside 7 is in a solidified state, it is possible to cope with it very effectively.

(Other Embodiments) (a) In each of the above embodiments, a case has been described in which solid waste containing radioactive substances generated in a nuclear facility such as a nuclear power plant is decomposed, but the present invention is not limited to this. Decompose industrial waste generated in other facilities (eg, PC
In the case where B, DXN or drug contaminants are decomposed), the same effect can be obtained by applying the present invention in the same manner as described above.

(B) The present invention can be implemented as a total system by appropriately and selectively combining the configurations of the third to twenty-first embodiments with the first or second embodiment. It is.

[0197]

As described above, according to the waste decomposing method and apparatus of the present invention, in a molten bath formed by dissolving non-combustible waste that becomes inorganic oxide in waste,
Supply of organic waste of combustible waste and flame-retardant waste to contact inorganic oxide and organic matter,
Alternatively, a non-flammable waste that becomes an inorganic oxide among the waste is dissolved and formed and stirred into a molten bath, and the flammable waste and the flame-retardant waste, which are organic matters, are put into the waste bath. Since the inorganic oxide and the organic substance are mixed and brought into contact with each other, the organic substance can be thermally decomposed by effectively utilizing the heat of dissolution of the inorganic oxide.

Further, since the processing of the inorganic oxide and the organic substance is performed in one system, a plurality of processing functions can be integrated.

Further, since the treatment of the organic substance is performed in the inorganic oxide, the stabilization treatment of the organic substance can be realized at the same time.

[0200] As described above, it is possible to reduce the equipment cost, the operation cost, and the installation space.

Further, according to the waste decomposition apparatus of the present invention, the decomposition rate of the waste is improved, the decomposition gas is completely burned, and the waste is efficiently decomposed and burned in one system. At the same time, it becomes possible to remove harmful substances.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a first embodiment of a waste decomposition method and apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration example of a test facility implemented to check the performance of the decomposition treatment of the waste in the first embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a characteristic diagram showing an example of a test result performed by the test facility shown in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a second embodiment of the waste decomposition method and apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the configuration of a test facility implemented to check the performance of the decomposition treatment of waste in the second embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing third and eighth embodiments of the waste decomposition apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing fourth and sixteenth embodiments of the waste decomposition apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing a fourth embodiment of the waste decomposition apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing seventh and tenth embodiments of the waste decomposition apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing a ninth embodiment of a waste decomposition apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing an eleventh embodiment of a waste decomposition apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram showing an eleventh embodiment of the waste decomposition apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram showing a twelfth embodiment of the waste decomposition apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram showing a waste decomposition apparatus according to a thirteenth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 15 is a schematic view showing a waste decomposition apparatus according to a fourteenth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram showing a fifteenth embodiment of the waste decomposition apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 17 is a schematic view showing the seventeenth and nineteenth embodiments of the waste decomposition apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 18 is a schematic view showing an eighteenth embodiment of the waste decomposition apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 19 is a schematic view showing a nineteenth embodiment of the waste decomposition apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 20 is a schematic view showing a twentieth embodiment of the waste decomposition apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 21 is a schematic diagram showing a waste decomposition apparatus according to a twenty-first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 22 is a schematic diagram showing the flow of a conventional solid waste treatment method.

[Explanation of Signs] 11: Combustible waste and flame-retardant waste 12 ... Shredder / crusher 13 ... Air supply facility 14 ... Supply facility 15 ... Decomposition furnace 16 ... High frequency power supply 17 ... Metal container 18 ... Inorganic Oxide 19 ... Burner 20 ... Combustion chamber 21 ... Purification equipment 22 ... Discharge cylinder 23 ... Ceramic container 24 ... Hopper 25 ... Flow meter 26 ... Introduction pipe 27 ... Organic waste 28 ... Gas analyzer (CO monitor, HC monitor) 29 ... combustion air supply equipment 30 ... lead-based metal plate (SUS plate) 31 ... mesh 32 ... fins 33 ... cooler 33a ... water spray 33b ... valve 34 ... combustible fine particles 35 ... graph body 36 ... valve 37 ... valve 38 ... indoor thermometer 39 ... bag filter 40 ... blower 41 ... gas thermometer 42 ... heater 43 ... unburned gas concentration meter 44 ... indoor pressure gauge 45 ... computer 6 ... nozzle 47 ... blowing body 48 ... stopper 49 ... container suspender 49a ... base 49b ... legs 49c ... claw portion 49d ... pull wire 50 ... pusher 51 ... Netsutai.

Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat II (reference) F23G 5/00 115 F23G 5/14 ZABF 4D004 5/14 ZAB 5/44 ZABZ 5/44 ZAB 5/50 ZABM 5/50 ZAB ZABN F23M 5/00 B F23J 15/06 9/06 15/04 G21F 9/32 A F23M 5/00 H 9/06 FG21F 9/32 B09B 3/00 ZAB F23J 15/00 KD (72) Invention Person Hiroshi Sagawa 1-1-1 Wadazaki-cho, Hyogo-ku, Kobe-shi, Hyogo F-term in Kobe Shipyard, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. (reference) AA16 AB03 AC09 BA01 HA02 3K070 DA09 DA37 DA38 3K078 AA01 BA08 BA22 CA01 CA15 CA17 4D004 AA16 AB09 BA03 CA15 CA24 CA28 CA29 CA32 CB31 CC11 CC12 DA01 DA02 DA06 DA07 DA10 DA12 DA20

Claims (29)

[Claims] 1. A method for decomposing waste generated in a facility, comprising: dissolving a non-combustible waste that becomes an inorganic oxide in the waste from a bottom thereof in a molten bath; By introducing flammable waste and flame-retardant waste that are organic substances into contact with the inorganic oxide and the organic substance, the organic substance is thermally decomposed by utilizing the heat of a melting bath of the inorganic oxide. A method for decomposing waste, characterized in that: 2. A method for decomposing waste generated in a facility, comprising: dissolving non-combustible waste, which is to be an inorganic oxide, of the waste in a molten bath formed and stirred; Of these, the combustible waste and the flame-retardant waste, which are organic substances, are charged and the inorganic oxide and the organic substance are mixed and brought into contact with each other, so that the organic substance is heated using the heat of the molten bath of the inorganic oxide. A method for decomposing waste, characterized in that it is decomposed. 3. An apparatus for decomposing and processing waste generated in a facility, wherein a non-combustible waste, which becomes an inorganic oxide, of the waste is formed in a metal container heated by a heating means. A decomposition treatment furnace having a molten bath, and supplying, to the decomposition treatment furnace, a combustible waste and a flame-retardant waste that are organic substances among the wastes together with a supply medium;
Supply means for introducing the inorganic oxide into the molten bath from the bottom of the metal container, by contacting the inorganic oxide and the organic matter in the decomposition furnace, the heat of the inorganic oxide molten bath. An apparatus for decomposing waste, wherein the organic substance is thermally decomposed by utilizing the same. 4. An apparatus for decomposing and processing waste generated in a facility, wherein a non-combustible waste, which becomes an inorganic oxide, of the waste is formed in a metal container heated by a heating means. A decomposition furnace having a molten bath that has been melted; a stirring means for stirring the molten bath of the inorganic oxide inside the metal container; a combustible waste that is an organic substance among the waste and a flame-retardant waste Supply means for supplying a substance to the decomposition treatment furnace, and charging the inorganic oxide and the organic substance in the melting bath of the inorganic oxide inside the metal container. An apparatus for thermally decomposing the organic material by utilizing heat of a molten bath of the inorganic oxide. 5. The waste decomposition apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the combustible gas released from the molten bath of the inorganic oxide by the thermal decomposition of the organic substance is burned, and impurities are removed. Means for purifying and releasing into the atmosphere; and means for accommodating an inorganic oxide discharged from the inside of the metal container to the outside after the thermal decomposition of the organic substance is completed. Decomposition equipment. 6. The waste decomposition apparatus according to claim 3 or 4, wherein a combustible gas released from a molten bath of the inorganic oxide by the thermal decomposition of the organic substance is burned. A waste decomposer characterized in that the walls are covered with an iron-based metal plate. 7. The waste decomposition apparatus according to claim 3 or 4, wherein radioactive substances such as Co and Mn in a molten bath of the inorganic oxide are collected inside the metal container. An apparatus for decomposing waste, comprising at least one radioactive substance collecting means comprising a mesh or fins. 8. The waste decomposition apparatus according to claim 3, wherein CaO, is contained in a molten bath of the inorganic oxide inside the metal container.
A waste decomposing apparatus comprising a desalting agent charging means for charging a desalinating agent such as Na. 9. The waste decomposition apparatus according to claim 3 or 4, wherein SiO ₂ is contained in the molten bath of the inorganic oxide inside the metal container.
An apparatus for decomposing waste, comprising an acid oxide charging means for charging an acidic oxide such as the above. 10. The waste decomposition apparatus according to claim 3, wherein a combustible gas released from a molten bath of the inorganic oxide by the thermal decomposition of the organic substance is downstream of a combustion chamber. A waste decomposer characterized in that a temperature reducing means for rapidly cooling combustion exhaust gas from the combustion chamber is provided on the side. 11. The apparatus for decomposing waste according to claim 10, wherein said temperature reducing means rapidly cools a combustion exhaust gas from a combustion chamber by a water spray into which cooling water is introduced. A waste decomposer characterized in that a desulfurizing / desalting agent such as caustic soda and quick lime is added to the water spray accordingly. 12. The waste decomposition apparatus according to claim 3 or 4, wherein a combustible gas released from a molten bath of the inorganic oxide by thermal decomposition of the organic matter is burned inside the combustion chamber. To
An apparatus for decomposing waste, comprising a deflecting means for deflecting the flow of the combustible gas and the combustible fine particles in a specific direction. 13. The waste decomposing apparatus according to claim 3, wherein a diameter of an upper portion of the metal container is reduced. 14. The waste decomposition apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the apparatus is provided in a combustion chamber for burning a combustible gas released from a molten bath of the inorganic oxide due to thermal decomposition of the organic substance. A burner to which fuel gas is supplied and combusts with the combustion air; an indoor temperature measuring means for measuring an indoor temperature of the combustion chamber; and an indoor temperature measured by the indoor temperature measuring means to be a predetermined temperature. And a control means for controlling a combustion amount of the burner. 15. The waste decomposition apparatus according to claim 10 or 11, wherein a bag filter and a blower provided on a downstream side of the temperature reducing means, and introduced into the bag filter from the temperature reducing means. Gas temperature measuring means for measuring a gas temperature to be measured, and control means for controlling a water spray flow rate of the temperature reducing means so that the gas temperature measured by the gas temperature measuring means does not exceed the heat resistant temperature of the bag filter. A waste decomposer characterized by comprising: 16. The waste decomposition apparatus according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the apparatus is provided in a combustion chamber for burning a combustible gas released from a molten bath of the inorganic oxide due to thermal decomposition of the organic substance. A burner that is supplied with fuel gas and burns with the combustion air, a heater that heats the combustion air, and an unburned gas that measures the concentration of unburned gas such as CO in the combustion exhaust gas from the combustion chamber. Gas concentration measuring means, and control means for controlling the amount of combustion air, the amount of combustion of the burner, and the amount of heating of the heater based on the unburned gas concentration measured by the unburned gas concentration measuring means, respectively. An apparatus for decomposing waste, comprising: 17. The waste decomposition apparatus according to claim 3 or 4, wherein a bag filter and a blower provided downstream of the temperature reducing means, and a room for measuring a room pressure of the combustion chamber. A waste decomposition apparatus, comprising: a pressure measurement unit; and a control unit that controls a flow rate of the blower so that the indoor pressure measured by the indoor pressure measurement unit becomes a negative pressure. 18. The apparatus for decomposing waste according to claim 14, wherein the oxygen concentration in the combustion air is increased. 19. The apparatus for decomposing waste according to claim 4, wherein the stirring means is configured to supply stirring air to the molten bath of the inorganic oxide inside the metal container by at least one nozzle. A waste decomposer characterized in that the molten bath is supplied from the bottom of the vessel and is stirred. 20. The waste decomposing apparatus according to claim 19, wherein the stirring means comprises three nozzles arranged so as to be substantially symmetrical about the axis of the metal container. A waste decomposing apparatus characterized in that a swirling flow (centrifugal force field) is formed by the method. 21. The waste decomposing apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the stirring means supplies stirring air to a melting bath of the inorganic oxide inside the metal container from above the metal container. An apparatus for decomposing a waste, wherein the molten bath is stirred. 22. The waste decomposer according to claim 19, wherein the stirring means uses a separate nozzle to stir air into a molten bath of the inorganic oxide inside the metal container. A waste decomposer characterized in that the molten bath is also supplied from above and agitated in the molten bath. 23. The waste decomposer according to claim 4, wherein the stirring means supplies stirring air to a melting bath of the inorganic oxide inside the metal container to stir the melting bath. A device for decomposing waste, wherein a mesh for reducing bubbles generated by the stirring means is provided inside the metal container. 24. The waste decomposing apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the metal container has an upper part divided into a plurality of parts. 25. The waste decomposing apparatus according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the metal container has a plurality of stoppers for hanging the metal container on an inner wall thereof. Each leg is configured to be freely openable by pivoting about a fulcrum. A claw portion is formed at one end of each leg to contact the stopper, and a pull wire is connected to the other end of each leg. A container hanging device is provided, and the metal container is put into or taken out of the decomposition furnace in a state where the metal container is suspended by hooking the claw portion of the container hanging device on a stopper of the metal container. An apparatus for decomposing waste, characterized in that: 26. The waste decomposer according to claim 3, wherein the supplying means converts the combustible waste and the flame-retardant waste, which are organic substances, into substantially spherical bodies having a predetermined size by a pusher, A waste decomposition apparatus characterized in that the inorganic oxide is supplied into the molten bath at a predetermined charging interval. 27. The waste decomposing apparatus according to claim 26, wherein the predetermined charging interval is set so as not to generate radioactive substances such as Co and Mn. Disassembly device. 28. The waste decomposing apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the metal container is a heat element for re-melting the solidified inorganic oxide inside the metal container. And a re-melting means comprising a re-melting means which can be inserted from above. 29. The waste decomposing apparatus according to claim 28, wherein an iron-based metal plate is used as a heating element of said re-melting means.