JP2001271658A - Electronic governor for diesel engine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an electronic governor, capable of reducing black smoke produced when a diesel engine is started with ease, separate improving the diesel engine body. SOLUTION: This electronic governor for the diesel engine has an electromagnetic actuator A2 for driving and controlling the opening of a governor for adjusting the fuel injection quantity of the fuel injection pump of the diesel engine, an opening sensor A4 for detecting the actual position of the actuator A2 and actuator control circuits C9 to C13 for controlling the actuator opening to the set opening by processing the signal from the opening sensor A4, extracting the opening signal, comparing the opening signal with the opening set for an actuator and operating the actuator, based on the difference obtained the comparison. In addition, the electronic governor has also a pick-up sensor for detecting the speed of the diesel engine, comparative control circuits C14 and C15 for comparing the signal from the pick-up sensor with the set engine speed and a delay-setting circuit 16. Furthermore, the governor has control circuits C14 to C16 for stopping the control of the actuator control circuits C9 to C13, when the diesel engine is accelerated and the engine speed reaches a specified engine speed or/and set delay time.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an electronic governor for a diesel engine. That is, the present invention relates to an electronic governor for a diesel engine which is provided with additional control for reducing black smoke at the time of engine start in controlling the governor of the diesel engine.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When a diesel engine is started, a larger amount of fuel than is required for idling rotation is required due to an injection pump. This means that when a heavy engine is rotated from no rotation, a force is required, but when the rotation speed increases, an inertial force acts and when there is no load, a small driving force is required. That is, the governor controls the number of revolutions, but at the time of starting, the fuel is supplied to the maximum because the engine revolution is extremely low with respect to the target number of revolutions. For this reason, useless fuel more than the fuel necessary for starting is burned, and is discharged as black smoke.

Conventionally, there has been a technique similar to electronic governor control for a diesel engine for suppressing the generation of black smoke. However, the control method is not suitable for an actuator. When there was, it was out of control. That is, the conventional control method is as follows.
Although the output voltage of the controller was suppressed, this method cannot control the opening position because the resistance value of the solenoid changes with temperature because the actuator is a solenoid type. Had the disadvantage of changing.

Conventionally, in a mechanical governor, in an overload operation range or at the time of restarting, while preventing engine stall, a technique for accurately regulating an actuator at a torque-up position to prevent black smoke from being generated is disclosed. For example, JP-A-07-23373
9 and JP-A-11-236827. In addition, the electromagnetic actuator is integrated with a real position sensor and an electronic circuit for shaping or amplifying the position signal, so that the heat generated by the actuator coil does not affect the real position sensor, amplifier or signal shaper. An actuator coil is installed in the case to radiate heat from the coil from the governor case to prevent coil burnout and temperature rise in the electronic control circuit, to extend the life of the electrolytic capacitor and improve reliability. The disclosed technique is disclosed in JP-A-11-2137.

[0005] There are two conventional driving methods for reducing the generation of black smoke at the start of a diesel engine.
When starting the engine, minimize the engine speed as much as possible, i.e., start the engine speed as low as possible in idle operation, drive the engine until the engine speed starts to decrease in idle operation, and then slightly reduce the amount of fuel supplied. This is to set the operation speed to a desired level. The other is to start the engine and directly bring it to the operating speed, and to start the engine and hold the idle speed for a predetermined time until the operating speed is increased. This was to separate the start-up periods to low or black smoke generation.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves the above-mentioned drawbacks of the conventional governor control method. That is, an object of the present invention is to provide an electronic governor for a diesel engine that can be started and controlled without generating black smoke even when there is a rise in temperature or a change in humidity. Further, the present invention requires no know-how only with the result of considering various parameters, the outside air temperature, humidity, the type and characteristics of fuel, or the set values determined by considering only some of these parameters. It is an object of the present invention to provide an electronic governor for a diesel engine that can start a diesel engine without generating black smoke without generating black smoke.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has provided a start-up type electronic governor for a diesel engine which does not generate black smoke ignoring the temperature change of the resistance value of the solenoid portion as described above. The means are as follows. (1) An electromagnetic actuator (A1) for driving and controlling an opening of a governor for adjusting a fuel injection amount of a fuel injection pump of a diesel engine, and an opening sensor (A4) for detecting its actual position.
And a signal from the opening sensor, processing the signal from the opening sensor, extracting the opening signal, comparing with the set actuator opening, and operating the actuator (A1) based on the difference to control the actuator opening circuit ( C9-13); Pickup sensor (B1) for detecting the rotational speed of the diesel engine
And a comparison control circuit (C14, C15) that compares the signal from the pickup sensor with the set rotation speed, and reaches the set rotation speed (m) up to the rotation speed of the diesel engine (see FIG. 2). The above actuator control circuit (C9
To C13) to cancel the control (C14
To C16), which is an electronic governor for a diesel engine.

(2) An electromagnetic actuator (A1) for driving and controlling an opening of a governor for adjusting a fuel injection amount of a fuel injection pump of a diesel engine, an opening sensor (A4) for detecting its actual position, and an opening Actuator control circuit (C9-13) for processing the signal from the sensor, extracting the opening signal, comparing the difference with the set actuator opening, operating the actuator based on the difference, and controlling the actuator to the set opening; When a predetermined delay time elapses from the start of starting, a control circuit for releasing the control of the actuator control circuit is provided, and a delay setting circuit (C16) for setting a predetermined delay time is provided. To provide electronic governors for diesel engines. (3) An electronic governor for a diesel engine, in which the control of the actuator control circuit is canceled, and the number of revolutions increases to a predetermined number and a predetermined delay time elapses.

[0009]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, an example of an electronic governor for a diesel engine according to the present invention will be described, but the present invention is not limited thereby. The present invention incorporates an opening sensor (A4) that linearly moves with the operation of the actuator for controlling the actuator (A2) that adjusts the opening of the governor. The maximum opening of the governor when starting the diesel engine can be limited by controlling the opening of the diesel engine and limiting the maximum opening with the actuator in parallel with the governor control. is there.

That is, to control the drive of a governor (not shown) of a fuel injection pump in an electronic governor of an internal combustion engine, in particular, an electronic governor of a diesel engine, that is, to control the fuel adjustment for adjusting the fuel injection amount, In the control of the actuator described above, precise control has not been performed so as to prevent the generation of black smoke. That is, in the conventional governor, the output capacity of the electromagnetic actuator is too large at the time of starting, and excess fuel causes black smoke.

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view schematically showing a circuit block for controlling an actuator for an electronic governor of a diesel engine and a fuel meter for the diesel engine according to the present invention. That is, an injection pump (A1) for supplying fuel to the diesel engine (A) is provided, which is provided with a governor (not shown), and the opening degree of the governor is controlled by an actuator (A2). That is, the actuator (A
2) is provided with an operation unit (A3) for adjusting the opening, and the operation is provided with an opening sensor (A4) for detecting the position of the actuator (A2).

In order to prevent the generation of black smoke at the start of the diesel engine, the opening operation sensor (A4) for starting fuel restriction is used to start the starting operation at a specific fuel supply limit. This fuel limitation is performed until the engine speed becomes constant or until a predetermined rotation speed is reached. The fuel restriction is performed by controlling the opening degree of the fuel governor to the engine to a predetermined angle or less by an actuator control.
This can be done by monitoring and limiting in 4).

[0013] Fuel restriction is also required on a warm or heated engine to prevent the formation of black smoke, but not on a cold or unheated engine. . However, in the present invention, it is not necessary to adopt a different control method even for a warmed engine, and even in a warmed engine and in a state where the governor opening is limited, the engine can be started in the same manner. It was confirmed that the engine could be started smoothly with the same limited fuel supply and without black smoke generation.

That is, for controlling the actuator (A2), an opening sensor (indicated by A4 in FIG. 1) that linearly moves with the operation of the actuator is incorporated, and the opening of the actuator is controlled by utilizing this operation. By limiting the maximum opening of the actuator in parallel with the governor control, the maximum opening of the actuator at the start of the diesel engine can be limited to limit the maximum opening of the actuator at the start of the diesel engine. I did it.

In contrast to the present invention, in the conventional electronic governor for a diesel engine, the actuator control is performed by setting the opening degree (C11) of the actuator A2 in FIG.
(C12), control switching (C13), comparison circuit (14), delay circuit (C16), opening control suspension speed setting (C15), etc., there are no block circuits. As indicated by the hatched Q, the controller operated so as to maximize the fuel supply to the actuator, and as a result, excess fuel was turned into black smoke and generated.

On the other hand, the electronic governor for a diesel engine according to the present invention has a control circuit (C1 to C1) as shown in FIG.
C20), and controls the starting operation of the diesel engine as follows. (1) First, by setting the actuator opening, only the fuel amount that can start the engine is supplied, and the control is performed by detecting the position of the actuator (A2) and detecting the position signal (from the opening sensor A4). Signal) and opening setting (C1
1) are compared and integrated.

Also, when the engine (A) starts and the rotation speed rises above the set rotation speed (m; see FIG. 2) at which the opening degree control is stopped, and further or simultaneously, FIG.
After the elapse of the time (n seconds) set in the comparison circuit (14) and the delay circuit (C16), the control is switched (by C13) so that the actuator (A2) operates in normal operation according to the load. In accordance with the pattern (2), the restriction on the opening degree is released so that the operation can be performed with the full opening or the control opening degree (see FIG. 2).

Therefore, the electronic governor (not shown) for a diesel engine according to the present invention is an electromagnetic governor whose opening degree can be changed by an actuator (A2) operated by electromagnetic force. That is, the opening degree can be directly changed by the power controller (C10) in FIG. For example, even if the power supply voltage drops transiently, the opening degree sensor (A
Feedback is made from the position signal measured in 4), and the opening is linearly changed by the actuator (A2).
The opening degree can be set to a set value.

That is, according to the present invention, the opening degree of the electronic governor for a diesel engine is controlled by the control circuit having the configuration shown in FIG. 1 as shown in FIG. That is, first, the engine is started (started). At this time, the opening degree of the electronic governor of the diesel engine is set at the opening limit position (ie, the O position) in FIG. And start the engine. Then, Figure 2
The change of the opening degree is indicated by the solid line, while the engine speed is increased as indicated by the dashed line. Then, when the set rotation speed (m (rpm)) is reached, the opening restriction is released at point P.

That is, when the opening is limited to the level O and fuel is supplied to the engine, the fuel rises as shown by the dotted line and is controlled to a certain limit, that is, the level T. On the other hand, in the normal operation, when the engine is started, the opening degree of the governor rises to 100% as shown in a region Q indicated by a dotted line and a diagonal line, and the fuel is fully supplied. Then, surplus fuel indicated by the hatched area is supplied to the engine. Then, a large amount of black smoke is generated. On the other hand, in the governor control system of the present invention, the opening of the governor at the time of starting is limited to the set rack restriction position, that is, the level O, as shown by the solid line in FIG.

Then, as shown by the dotted line in FIG. 2, the fuel supply initially rises sharply and rises to a predetermined level, that is, the level T, and thereafter, the fuel supply is not excessively supplied. On the other hand, the engine speed increases as shown by the solid line. And
When the set number of rotations is reached, that is, at point P, the rack limitation is released. Then, the idling engine once lowers the opening. Then, idling is continued in the same driving state. Further, when a load is applied as necessary, for example, when a load is applied from point S, the opening of the governor is increased according to a normal operation pattern, and the opening increases as shown by a solid line, and ,
The fuel supply increases as indicated by the dotted line, and the rotation speed increases at a stretch as indicated by the dashed line, and the engine is operated in the normal load operation pattern.

According to the present invention, the opening degree of the setting, that is, the level O
Is determined by the actuator opening setting circuit of (C11) in FIG. 1 according to various parameters such as the characteristics of the diesel engine, temperature, humidity, and the like. This parameter is determined as follows.

The actuator (A2) provided to the governor is operated on the engine to increase the opening degree.
Try starting the engine and find out where you can start the engine with the lowest opening. Then, it can be understood that the engine can be started smoothly if the engine is started at the opening position or more. That is, the engine is not always started at an opening of 100%. Thus, in the diesel engine provided with the governor of the present invention, the generation of black smoke can be suppressed.

In order to precisely control the governor opening, a signal from an opening sensor (A4) provided in the actuator (A2) (governor) and a signal from an actuator opening setting circuit (C11) are used. The signal (C12) is compared with the signal, processed by a proportional / integral circuit, the signal is passed through the control circuit (C13, C9), and the actuator (A2) is operated by the power controller (C10). That is, the difference from the desired set actuator position is detected, the signal is fed back from the signal, and the actuator is operated by the power controller (C10) so that the difference becomes zero. Is controlled to the set value.

Next, after the engine is started, the engine speed becomes equal to or higher than a predetermined set number of revolutions (m rpm), and / or after a set time (n) seconds, the opening degree is changed at a point indicated by P in FIG. The restriction is released, that is, the engine rotates at a rotation speed higher than the set rotation speed m rpm, or at the same time, after the set time n seconds elapses, the engine becomes hot, and even if a load is applied, it is safe. Only when this happens, the control is switched by C15. This eliminates the restriction so that the actuator (A2) can operate even when fully opened. That is, after the point P in FIG. 2, there is no restriction on the opening degree, and the vehicle can be operated according to the normal operation pattern.

Therefore, when to release the above opening control is important for smooth operation of the engine. In this regard, the inventors considered as follows. The engine does not come to a stable state unless the number of revolutions increases. Therefore, the number of revolutions at which the engine does not stop even when a load is applied is predicted, and when the engine speed reaches the limit value (for example, m number of revolutions), the control of the governor opening is released. How to determine this limit value is a problem, but basically, it can be determined by starting a diesel engine to be used and performing a load experiment or the like.

In a normal diesel engine, it is possible to find a value near the rated speed at which the engine does not stop even when the load is applied. That is, the rated speed can be set in consideration of the absence of black smoke when starting the engine. When the engine is started at a controlled governor opening, unless the engine is operated stably, the engine speed decreases when a load is applied, and there is a risk of generating black smoke. In consideration of the above various points, the rotation speed at which the control is released, that is,
The engine speed (m) at which the engine does not stop even when a load is applied should be determined.

Further, when the temperature of the engine rises to some extent, it is difficult for the engine to stop again.
Therefore, after a certain period of time has elapsed since the start of the engine, that is, after a certain period of engine acceleration, the engine temperature rises and even if the fuel is increased to apply a load,
The engine speed does not stop and black smoke is not generated. This time is set as a delay time for the engine control, and after the delay time (ie, n seconds) has elapsed from the start of the engine, the control of the governor opening is released.

Further, in the electronic governor for a diesel engine according to the present invention, the above-mentioned condition, that is, whether the rotation speed increases and reaches a predetermined rotation speed (m) or / and a delay time elapses, is satisfied. When either or both of the two conditions are satisfied, the governor opening degree control operation is canceled to suppress the generation of black smoke when the engine is started.

[0030]

The electronic governor for a diesel engine according to the present invention has the following technical effects by the configuration shown in the drawing. First, the black smoke at the start of the diesel engine can be easily reduced independently of the improvement of the diesel engine body. Second, conventionally, a diesel engine capable of reliably preventing black smoke from being generated has been made possible. Third, it can save fuel and ultimately provide an energy saving engine.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a diesel engine of the present invention and a control method of an electronic governor therefor.

FIG. 2 is a graph showing a control pattern of an electronic governor, a fuel supply amount to a diesel engine, and a change in the engine speed according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

A Diesel engine A1 Fuel injection pump A2 Actuator A3 Actuator operation unit A4 Opening sensor B1 Revolution detection unit B2 Revolution detection C1 Frequency-voltage converter C2 Actuator C9 Controller C10 Power controller C11 Actuator opening setting C12 Proportional,
Integrator C13 Control switch C14 Comparison circuit C15 Stopping opening control, setting rotation speed C16 Delay circuit

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on front page F term (reference) 3G060 AC08 CA01 CB01 CB02 CB03 CC01 CC02 CC03 DA00 FA07 GA00 GA01 GA03 GA07 3G301 HA02 JA02 JA24 JA31 KA01 KA05 LB13 LC00 LC01 MA00 MA11 MA16 NA04 NA08 NE01 NE06 NE16 NE17 NE21 PEB03A PE01

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. An electromagnetic actuator (A2) for driving and controlling an opening of a governor for adjusting a fuel injection amount of a fuel injection pump of a diesel engine, an opening sensor (A4) for detecting its actual position, and an opening sensor. And an actuator control circuit (C9-13) for operating the actuator from the difference and comparing it with the set actuator opening to control the actuator to the set opening; Pickup sensor that detects the rotation speed
(B1) and a comparison control circuit (C14, C15) for comparing the signal from the pickup sensor with the set rotation speed,
An electronic governor for a diesel engine, comprising: a control circuit for releasing the control of the actuator control circuit when the rotational speed of the diesel engine reaches the set rotational speed (m). 2. An electromagnetic actuator (A2) for driving and controlling an opening of a governor for adjusting a fuel injection amount of a fuel injection pump of a diesel engine, an opening sensor (A4) for detecting its actual position, and an opening sensor. And an actuator control circuit (C9-13) for operating the actuator from the difference and comparing it with the set actuator opening to control the actuator to the set opening; A control circuit for releasing the control of the actuator control circuit when a predetermined delay time has elapsed from the start of the engine, and a delay setting circuit (C16) for setting a predetermined delay time are provided. Electronic governor for diesel engines. 3. An electromagnetic actuator (A1) for controlling the opening of a governor for adjusting a fuel injection amount of a fuel injection pump of a diesel engine, an opening sensor (A4) for detecting its actual position, and an opening sensor. And an actuator control circuit (C9-13) for operating the actuator from the difference and comparing it with the set actuator opening to control the actuator to the set opening; Pickup sensor that detects the rotation speed
(B1) and a comparison control circuit (C14, C15) for comparing the signal from the pickup sensor with the set rotation speed,
An electronic governor for a diesel engine, comprising: a control circuit for canceling the control of the actuator control circuit when the rotational speed of the diesel engine reaches a set rotational speed and reaches a set delay time.