JP2001267874A - Power distribution/composition circuit - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a power distribution/composition circuit which is suitable for applying it to a monolithic microwave integrated circuit to which miniaturization and high integration are requested. SOLUTION: This circuit is provided with a first inductor 6 where one end is connected to a first input/output terminal 1 and the other end is grounded, a first capacitor 4 where one end is connected to the first input/output terminal 1 and the other end is connected to a second input/output terminal 2, a second capacitor 5 where one end is connected to the first input/output terminal 1 and the other end is connected to a third input/output terminal 3 and the series circuit of a first resistance element 8 and a second inductor 7, in which one end is connected to the second input/output terminal 2 and the other end is connected to the third input/output terminal 3.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a power distribution / combination circuit suitable for application to a monolithic microwave integrated circuit in which it is essential to integrate power distribution / combination functions in a small size.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a power distribution / combination circuit used to distribute or combine a high-frequency signal, a power distribution / combination circuit combining distributed constant lines as shown in FIG. 11 is generally used. (For example, RK Gu
pta et al.:"Quasi-lumped-e1ement 3- and 4-port ne
tworks for MIC and MMIC app1ications ", 1984 IEEE M
The basic operation principle is shown in TT-S Digest, pp. 409-411. ).

FIG. 11 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration of a conventional power distribution / combination circuit combining distributed constant lines.

[0004] In the figure, 81, 82 and 83 input and output terminals, the resistance element the resistance value R is 84, 85, 86 electrical length at the frequency _{f 0} is 90 degrees distributed constant line.

[0005] Here, if the load impedance connected to the input and output terminals 81, 82 and 83 was set to _{Z 0,} to satisfy the input matching condition at output terminals 81, 82 and 83 at a frequency _{f 0,} and When the distribution / combination ratios between the input / output terminal 81 and the input / output terminal 82 and between the input / output terminal 81 and the input / output terminal 83 are made equal, the characteristic impedance of the high-frequency transmission lines 85 and 86 is 2 ^1/2 Z Set to ₀ . In this case, when a high-frequency signal is input from the input / output terminal 81, the high-frequency signal divided into ず つ is output from the input / output terminal 82 and the input / output terminal 83 in the same phase. Further, in order to satisfy the isolation condition between the input and output terminals 83 and input-output terminal 82 of the frequency f _0, the resistance value R of the resistance element 84 is set to 2Z _0. In this case, when a high frequency signal is input from the input / output terminal 82,
At the input / output terminal 83, the high-frequency signal passing through the resistance element 84 having the resistance value R, the distributed constant line 85 and the distributed constant line 8
Since the high-frequency signals passing through 6 are synthesized with equal amplitude and opposite phases, no signal is output.

FIG. 12 shows a configuration of another conventional power distribution / combination circuit in which lumped constant elements are combined in place of the distributed constant lines 85 and 86 in order to reduce the size of the circuit.

FIG. 12 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration of a conventional power distribution / combination circuit combining lumped constant elements.

In FIG. 1, reference numerals 91, 92, 93 denote input / output terminals, 94 denotes a resistance element having a resistance value R, 95, 96, 97,
98 is an inductor, 99 and 100 are capacitors.

[0009] Here, if the load impedance connected to the input and output terminals 91, 92, 93 and the _{Z 0,} to satisfy the input matching condition at output terminals 91, 92 and 93 at a frequency _{f 0,} and When the distribution / synthesis ratios between the input / output terminal 91 and the input / output terminal 92 and between the input / output terminal 91 and the input / output terminal 93 are made equal, the inductor 9
The inductance of 5, 96, 97, 98 is Z ₀ / (2
To ^1/2? F _0), The capacitance of the capacitor 99, 100 is set to ^{1 / (2 · 2 1/2 πf} 0 Z 0). In this case, when a high frequency signal is input from the input / output terminal 91,
The high-frequency signals distributed in half are output from the input / output terminal 92 and the input / output terminal 93 in the same phase. Further, in order to satisfy the isolation condition between the input / output terminal 92 and the input / output terminal 93 at the frequency f ₀ ,
The resistance value R is set to 2Z _0. In this case, when a high-frequency signal is input from the input / output terminal 92, the high-frequency signal passing through the resistance element 94 having a resistance value R and the high-frequency signal passing through the inductors 95, 96, 97, and 98 have the same amplitude and reverse at the input / output terminal 93. No output because they are combined in phase.

[0010]

THE INVENTION Problems to be Solved] Thus, the conventional power distribution combining circuit that combines the distributed constant line shown in FIG. 11, the electrical length at the frequency f ₀ is contained a large distributed constant lines of 90 degrees In. Therefore, there is a problem that it is not suitable for application to a monolithic microwave integrated circuit that requires miniaturization and high integration.

Further, in another conventional power distribution / combination circuit combining lumped constant elements as shown in FIG. 12, a series inductor having an inductance Z ₀ / (2 ^1/2 πf ₀ ) has
Are included. Generally, in a monolithic microwave integrated circuit, an inductor occupies a larger area than a capacitor. Therefore, there is a problem that it is not suitable for high integration.

An object of the present invention is to provide a power distribution / combination circuit suitable for application to a monolithic microwave integrated circuit that requires miniaturization and high integration.

[0013]

To solve the above-mentioned problems, a power distribution / synthesis circuit according to the present invention comprises: a first inductor having one end connected to a first input / output terminal and the other end grounded; A first capacitor having one end connected to the first input / output terminal and the other end connected to the second input / output terminal, a third input / output terminal connected to the first input / output terminal, A second capacitor having the other end connected to the terminal; a first resistance element having one end connected to the second input / output terminal and the other end connected to the third input / output terminal; And a series circuit with the inductor.

Further, the power distribution / synthesis circuit of the present invention comprises:
One end is connected to the input / output terminal of the first and the other end is grounded.
A first inductor having one end connected to the first input / output terminal and another end connected to the second input / output terminal, and one end connected to the first input / output terminal. 3
A second inductor having the other end connected to the input / output terminal of
It has a series circuit of a first resistance element and a second capacitor, one end of which is connected to the second input / output terminal and the other end of which is connected to the third input / output terminal. .

According to the present invention, the power distribution / synthesizing circuit is composed only of the lumped-constant elements, and the method of combining the inductor and the capacitor is devised, so that the inductance and the number of inductors can be reduced. Thus, miniaturization of the circuit size can be achieved. Therefore,
A power distribution / combination circuit suitable for application to a monolithic microwave integrated circuit requiring miniaturization and high integration can be provided.

[0016]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. In the drawings described below, those having the same functions are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the repeated description thereof will be omitted.

Embodiment 1 FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration of a power distribution / synthesis circuit according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, and corresponds to the first aspect of the present invention.

In FIG. 1, reference numerals 1, 2, and 3 denote input / output terminals,
Reference numerals 4 and 5 denote capacitors having a capacitance C, reference numerals 6 and 7 denote inductors having an inductance L, and reference numeral 8 denotes a resistance element having a resistance value R.

The power distribution / synthesis circuit according to the first embodiment includes a first inductor 6 having one end connected to the first input / output terminal 1 and the other end grounded, and one end connected to the first input / output terminal 1. Are connected to each other, and one end is connected to the first input / output terminal 1 and the other end is connected to the third input / output terminal 3. The first resistor 8 and the second inductor 7, one end of which is connected to the second capacitor 5, the second input / output terminal 2, and the other end of which is connected to the third input / output terminal 3. And a series circuit of

[0020] Here, input and output matching condition at output terminals 1, 2 and 3 at the frequency _{f 0,} · distribution to between input and output terminals 1 and between input and output terminals 2 and output terminals 1 and output terminal 3 Conditions for equalizing the composition ratio, and input / output terminal 2
A constant for satisfying the isolation condition between the input and output terminals 3 will be determined.

[0021] The load impedance connected to the input and output terminals 1, 2 and 3 assume that Z _0, the equivalent circuit diagram in the case where the phase excitation from the power dividing and combining circuit input and output terminals 2 and output terminals 3 of FIG. 1 2 is shown in FIG. 2, and an equivalent circuit diagram in the case where anti-phase excitation is performed from the input / output terminal 2 and the input / output terminal 3 is shown in FIG.

In FIG. 2, reference numerals 11 and 12 denote input / output terminals,
13 is an inductor having an inductance of 2L, and 14 is a capacitor C
Capacitor.

In FIG. 3, reference numeral 22 denotes an input / output terminal,
23 is a capacitor having a capacitance C, 24 is a resistance element having a resistance value R / 2, and 25 is an inductor having an inductance L / 2.

[0024] than the equivalent circuit diagram of FIG. 2, input and output matching condition at output terminals 1, 2 and 3 at the frequency f _0, and input and output terminals 1 and between input and output terminals 2, and the input-output terminals 1 O as a condition to equalize the distributing and combining ratio between the terminal _{3, L = Z 0 / (} 2πf 0) (1) C = 1 / (2πf 0 Z 0) (2) is obtained. Further, from the equivalent circuit diagram of FIG. 3 and the equations (1) and (2), R = Z ₀ (3) is obtained as an isolation condition between the input / output terminal 2 and the input / output terminal 3.

As described above, the inductance L of the inductors 6 and 7 is set to Z ₀ / (2πf ₀ ), the capacitance C of the capacitors 4 and 5 is set to 1 / (2πf ₀ Z ₀ ), and the resistance value R is set to Z _0. It turns out that it is good.

In this case, when a high-frequency signal is input from the input / output terminal 1, the high-frequency signal divided in half is output from the input / output terminal 2 and the input / output terminal 3 in the same phase. When a high-frequency signal is input from the input / output terminal 2, the high-frequency signal passing through the resistance element 8 having a resistance value R and the high-frequency signal passing through the capacitors 4 and 5 are combined at the input / output terminal 3 with equal amplitude and opposite phases. Is not output.

FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram showing a specific example of the power distribution / synthesis circuit according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure, 31, 32 and 33 are input / output terminals, 34 and 35 are capacitors having a capacitance C, 36 and 37 are inductors having an inductance L, and 38 is a resistance element having a resistance value R.

The frequency f ₀ = 1 GHz, and the input / output terminal 3
The load impedance connected to 1, 32, 33 is Z ₀
= 50Ω, the inductance L of the inductors 36 and 37 = Z ₀ / (2πf ₀ ) = 7.96 nH, and the capacitance C of the capacitors 34 and 35 = 1 / (2πf ₀ Z).
₀ ) = 3.18 pF, and the resistance value R = Z ₀ = 50Ω of the resistance element 38.

FIG. 5 shows the frequency characteristics of the first embodiment as a forward transfer coefficient S ₂₁ , an input reflection coefficient S ₁₁ , and an input reflection coefficient S ₁₁ .
₂₂ is a diagram showing the result of a numerical simulation of isolation _{S 32.}

From the figure, it can be seen that the frequency f = 0.89 GHz-
At 1.18 GHz, the distribution loss is (3.05 ±
It can be seen that a characteristic of 0.05) dB and an input reflection amount of −20 dB or less and an isolation of 20 dB or more are obtained.

Second Embodiment FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration of a power distribution / synthesis circuit according to a second embodiment of the present invention, and corresponds to the second aspect of the present invention.

In the figure, 41, 42 and 43 are input / output terminals, 44 and 45 are inductors having an inductance L, 4
Reference numerals 6 and 47 denote capacitors having a capacitance C, and reference numeral 48 denotes a resistance element having a resistance value R.

The power distribution / synthesis circuit according to the second embodiment includes a first capacitor 46 having one end connected to the first input / output terminal 41 and the other end grounded, and one end connected to the first input / output terminal 41. Are connected, the first inductor 44 has the other end connected to the second input / output terminal 42, one end is connected to the first input / output terminal 41, and the other end is connected to the third input / output terminal 43. The first resistor element 48 and the second capacitor 47, one end of which is connected to the second inductor 45, the second input / output terminal 42, and the other end of which is connected to the third input / output terminal 43. And a series circuit of

[0035] In this case, input and output terminal 4 at the frequency _{f 0}
Input / output matching conditions at 1, 42, and 43; conditions for equalizing the distribution / synthesis ratio between the input / output terminal 41 and the input / output terminal 42 and between the input / output terminal 41 and the input / output terminal 43; A constant for satisfying the isolation condition with the input / output terminal 43 will be determined.

[0036] The load impedance connected to the output terminals 41, 42, 43 assuming Z _0, the equivalent circuit diagram in the case where the phase excitation power distribution combining circuit 6 from the input-output terminal 42 and output terminal 43 FIG. 7 shows an equivalent circuit diagram when the input / output terminals 42 and 43 are excited in opposite phases.

In FIG. 7, 51 and 52 are input / output terminals,
53 is a capacitor having a capacitance of C / 2, and 54 is an inductor having an inductance L.

In FIG. 8, 62 is an input / output terminal,
63 is an inductor having an inductance L, 64 is a resistance value R
/ 2 is a resistance element, and 65 is a capacitor having a capacity of 2C.

[0039] than the equivalent circuit diagram of FIG. 7, output matching condition at output terminals 41, 42, 43 at the frequency _{f 0,} and the input-output terminal 41 between input terminal 42 and the input-output terminal 41 O as a condition to equalize the distributing and combining ratio between the terminal _{43, L = Z 0 / (} 2πf 0) (4) C = 1 / (2πf 0 Z 0) (5) is obtained. Further, from the equivalent circuit diagram of FIG. 8 and the expressions (4) and (5), the input / output terminal 42 and the input / output terminal 4
R = Z ₀ (6) is obtained as an isolation condition between the two.

As described above, the inductance L of the inductors 44 and 45 is set to Z ₀ / (2πf ₀ ),
47, the capacitance C is set to 1 / (2πf ₀ Z ₀ ), and the resistance R is set to Z
_It can be seen that setting to ₀ is sufficient.

In this case, when a high-frequency signal is input from the input / output terminal 41, the high-frequency signal divided in half is output from the input / output terminal 42 and the input / output terminal 43 in the same phase. When a high-frequency signal is input from the input / output terminal 42, the high-frequency signal passing through the resistance element 48 having the resistance value R and the high-frequency signal passing through the inductors 44 and 45 are combined at the input / output terminal 43 with equal amplitude and opposite phases. Is not output.

FIG. 9 is a circuit diagram showing a specific example of a power distribution / combination circuit according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure, reference numerals 71, 72 and 73 denote input / output terminals, 74 and 75 denote inductors having an inductance L, 7
Reference numerals 6 and 77 denote capacitors having a capacitance C, and reference numeral 78 denotes a resistance element having a resistance value R.

The frequency f ₀ = 1 GHz, and the input / output terminal 7
The load impedance connected to 1, 72, 73 is Z ₀
= A 50 [Omega, also the inductance _{L = Z 0 / (2πf 0} ) of the inductor 74, 75 = the 7.96NH, The capacitance of the capacitor _{76,77 C = 1 / (2πf 0} Z
₀ ) = 3.18 pF, and the resistance value R of the resistor element 78 is R = Z ₀ = 50Ω.

FIG. 10 shows the frequency characteristics of the second embodiment as forward transfer coefficient S ₂₁ , input reflection coefficient S ₁₁ , S
₂₂ is a diagram showing the result of a numerical simulation of isolation _{S 32.}

From the figure, it can be seen that the frequency f = 0.85 GHz-
At 1.13 GHz, the distribution loss is (3.05 ±
It can be seen that a characteristic of 0.05) dB and an input reflection amount of −20 dB or less and an isolation of 20 dB or more are obtained.

In the first and second embodiments, FIG.
In addition to the conventional power distribution / synthesis circuit combining the distributed constant lines shown in FIG. 12, it is smaller than the conventional power distribution / synthesis circuit combining the lumped constant elements shown in FIG. Can be achieved. That is, in the conventional power distribution / synthesis circuit of FIG. 12, four inductors having an inductance Z ₀ / (2 ^1/2 πf ₀ ) are used. On the other hand, the power distribution / combination circuits of the first and second embodiments use two inductors, and the inductance is as small as Z ₀ / (2πf ₀ ). Therefore, one inductance is 1 / (2 ^1/2 ), and
Moreover, there is a double area reduction effect that only half the number is required. Therefore, the power distribution / synthesis circuits of the first and second embodiments are effective for application to a monolithic microwave integrated circuit in which the use of a large inductor hinders a reduction in chip area.

It should be noted that the above-described embodiments all show the embodiments of the present invention by way of example, and do not limit the present invention. The present invention is not limited to the above-described various modifications and changes. Can be implemented. Therefore, the scope of the present invention should be defined only by the appended claims and their equivalents.

[0049]

As described above, according to the present invention,
Since the circuit size can be reduced, it is possible to provide a power distribution / combination circuit suitable for application to a monolithic microwave integrated circuit requiring a reduction in size and high integration.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram illustrating a configuration of a power distribution and synthesis circuit according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an equivalent circuit diagram when the power distribution / synthesis circuit of FIG. 1 is excited in-phase from input / output terminals 2 and 3;

FIG. 3 is an equivalent circuit diagram when the power distribution / synthesis circuit of FIG. 1 is excited in reverse phase from input / output terminals 2 and 3.

FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram showing a specific example of a power distribution / synthesis circuit according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

[5] As the frequency characteristic of the first embodiment, the forward transmission coefficient _{S 21,} the input reflection coefficient _{S 1 1, S 22,} is a diagram showing the result of a numerical simulation of isolation _{S 32.}

FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration of a power distribution and synthesis circuit according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

7 is an equivalent circuit diagram when the power distribution / synthesis circuit of FIG. 6 is excited in-phase from an input / output terminal 42 and an input / output terminal 43.

FIG. 8 is an equivalent circuit diagram when the power distribution / synthesis circuit of FIG. 6 is excited in the opposite phase from the input / output terminal 42 and the input / output terminal 43;

FIG. 9 is a circuit diagram showing a specific example of a power distribution / synthesis circuit based on Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[10] As the frequency characteristic of the second embodiment, the forward transmission coefficient _{S 21,} the input reflection coefficient _{S 1 1, S 22,} is a diagram showing the result of a numerical simulation of isolation _{S 32.}

FIG. 11 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration of a conventional power distribution / combination circuit combining distributed constant lines.

FIG. 12 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration of a conventional power distribution / combination circuit combining lumped constant elements.

[Explanation of symbols]

1, 2, 3 ... input / output terminals, 4, 5 ... capacitors of capacitance C, 6, 7 ... inductors of inductance L, 8 ... resistance elements of resistance R, 11, 12 ... input / output terminals, 13 ... inductance of 2L Inductor, 14: capacitor of capacitance C, 22: input / output terminal, 23: capacitor of capacitance C, 2
4 ... resistance element with resistance value R / 2, 25 ... inductance L
/ 2 inductors, 31, 32, 33 ... input / output terminals, 3
4, 35... A capacitor having a capacitance C, 36, 37... An inductor having an inductance L, 38.
1, 42, 43 ... input / output terminals, 44, 45 ... inductors of inductance L, 46, 47 ... capacitors of capacitance C, 48 ... resistance elements of resistance R, 51, 52 ... input / output terminals, 53 ... capacitance C / 2, a capacitor 54, an inductor with an inductance L, 62, an input / output terminal, 63, an inductor with an inductance L, 64, a resistance element with a resistance value R / 2, 65, a capacitor with a capacitance 2C, 71, 72, 73,
Input / output terminals, 74, 75: inductor with inductance L, 76, 77: capacitor with capacitance C, 78: resistance value R
Resistive elements, 81, 82, 83 ... output terminal, 84 ... resistance element the resistance value R, 85, 86 ... electrical length at the frequency _{f 0} is 90 degrees distributed constant line, 91, 92, 93 ... O Terminals, 94: resistance elements of resistance value R, 95, 96, 97, 9
8 ... Inductor of inductance L, 99, 100 ... Capacitor of capacitance C.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A first inductor having one end connected to a first input / output terminal and the other end grounded, and one end connected to the first input / output terminal and another end connected to a second input / output terminal. A first capacitor having an end connected thereto; a second capacitor having one end connected to the first input / output terminal and the other end connected to a third input / output terminal; and the second input / output terminal And a series circuit of a first resistor and a second inductor, one end of which is connected to the third input / output terminal and the other end of which is connected to the third input / output terminal. 2. A first capacitor having one end connected to the first input / output terminal and the other end grounded, and one end connected to the first input / output terminal and another end connected to the second input / output terminal. A first inductor having an end connected thereto, a second inductor having one end connected to the first input / output terminal and the other end connected to a third input / output terminal, and the second input / output terminal , One end of which is connected to the third input / output terminal and the other end of which is connected to the third input / output terminal, and a series circuit of a first resistance element and a second capacitor.