JP2001264111A - Rotary encoder - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a rotary encoder for less input ports to a controller from the rotary encoder, which makes the controller smaller. SOLUTION: On one surface of a rotary disc 10, first and second annular patterns 11a and 11b which are, comprising a conductor, concentrically formed, and a plurality of switching patterns 11c which are, provided between the first annular pattern 11a and the second annular pattern 11b, provided along a circumference with an interval, are provided. A sliding part 13 is fitted to an insulating base stage and a first sliding piece 13a slides on the first annular pattern 11a while second and third sliding pieces 13b and 13c sliding on a switching pattern 13c and the second annular pattern 11b, respectively, so that a saw-tooth wave is outputted from a rotary encoder 1.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a rotary encoder used for a volume control operation of a portable telephone and used in a rotation angle detecting device for detecting a rotation direction and a rotation angle.

[0002]

FIG. 12 is a circuit diagram of a conventional rotation angle detecting device. As shown in FIG. 12, the first phototransistor 35 and the second phototransistor 37 of the rotary encoder 31 are connected to a controller 38.
The controller 38 calculates a rotation direction and a rotation angle of the rotary encoder 31 from outputs of the first phototransistor 35 and the second phototransistor 37.

FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing a rotary encoder 31 used in a conventional rotation angle detecting device. In FIG. 13, a conventional rotary encoder 31 is used.
Is a rotating disk 32 in which a plurality of slits 33 are formed at equal intervals along the circumference, and a first light emitting diode 34 and a first phototransistor 35 which are arranged to face each other so as to sandwich the rotating disk 32. , A second light-emitting diode 36 and a second phototransistor 37 which are disposed to face each other with the rotating disk 32 interposed therebetween.

The light emitted from the first light emitting diode 34 enters the first phototransistor 35 while the slit 33 crosses the optical path with the rotation of the rotating disk 32,
Until 3 passes and the next slit 33 crosses the optical path, it is cut off and does not enter the first phototransistor 35. Similarly, the light emitted from the second light emitting diode 36 enters the second phototransistor 37. Therefore, when the rotating disk 32 is rotated, a pulse signal of a number proportional to the rotation angle of the rotating disk 32 from the first phototransistor 35, that is, the pulse signal passes between the first light emitting diode 34 and the first phototransistor 35 Pulse signals corresponding to the number of the slits 33 are output. Similarly, a pulse signal is output from the second phototransistor 37, but the timing at which light enters the first phototransistor 35 and the timing at which light enters the second phototransistor 37 are slightly shifted. Since the phototransistor 35 and the second phototransistor 37 are attached, the timing of the pulse signal output from the first phototransistor 35 and the second phototransistor 37 is shifted. The direction of rotation of the rotating disk 32 can be determined from the timing shift of the pulse signal.

As shown in FIG. 14, when the rotating disk 32 rotates clockwise, the pulse signal A output from the first phototransistor 35 precedes the pulse signal B output from the second phototransistor 37. Also, as shown in FIG. 18, when the rotating disk 32 rotates left, the pulse signal A output from the first phototransistor 35 is delayed from the pulse signal B output from the second phototransistor 37.

[0006]

In the above configuration, the rotary encoder 31 is connected to the controller 3.
8, two input ports are required. For this reason, the controller 38 becomes complicated, which hinders downsizing of the controller 38.

Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a rotary encoder which has a single input port from the rotary encoder to the controller and facilitates miniaturization of the controller.

[0008]

A rotating plate rotatably held and an insulating base having at least three sliders are provided, and one surface of the rotating plate is made of a conductor and is concentric with each other. First and second annular patterns formed thereon,
A plurality of switching patterns, which are provided between the first annular pattern and the second annular pattern and are arranged at intervals along the circumference; A first connection pattern that connects the first annular pattern and the switching pattern, and a second connection pattern that is made of a conductor and connects the second annular pattern and the switching pattern. The slider is attached to the insulating base, the first slider is in sliding contact with the first annular pattern, the second slider is in sliding contact with the switching pattern, The third slider is in sliding contact with the second annular pattern.

The first connection pattern is connected to one end of each of the switching patterns, and the second connection pattern is connected to the other end of each of the switching patterns.

The first annular pattern, the second annular pattern, the switching pattern, the first connection pattern, and the second connection pattern are integrally formed by a resistor. .

[0011] The connecting portions of the three sliders are arranged side by side on one radius of the rotating plate.

[0012]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of a rotation angle detecting device according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 is a block diagram of a rotation angle detecting device, FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of a rotary encoder, FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the rotary encoder, FIG. 4 is a rear view of a rotating member, and FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 5-5 in FIG. 4, FIG. 6 is a rear view of the rotating plate, FIG. 7 is a front view of the insulating base, and FIG. 8 is a rear view of the insulating base. FIG. 9 is a front view of the mounting plate, FIG. 10 is a graph showing the output values of the rotary encoder, and FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing the operation of the arithmetic processing unit.

As shown in FIG. 1, the rotation angle detecting device comprises a rotary encoder 1, bias resistors 2a and 2b, and a controller 3. A voltage of, for example, 5 [V] (+ B) is applied to the rotary encoder 1 from a constant voltage source (not shown), and a voltage corresponding to the rotation angle is output from the rotary encoder 1 to the controller 3. The controller 3 includes an A / D converter 4 and an arithmetic processing unit (CPU)
5, a rewritable first storage device (RAM) 6, and a nonvolatile second storage device (PROM) 7.

As shown in FIG. 2, the rotary encoder 1 includes a pin 8, a rotating member 9, a rotating plate 10, an insulating base 12, and a mounting plate 14.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, a pin 8 as a shaft is fitted into a center hole 9b of a rotating member 9 described later.

As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the rotating member 9 is made of a substantially circular thin synthetic resin having an uneven portion 9a on the outer peripheral edge, and has a central hole 9b formed in the center thereof and vertically penetrating therethrough. ing. On the back surface, an outer fixed cylinder 9c and an inner fixed cylinder 9 for fixing a rotating plate 10 described later to the rotating member 9 are provided.
d. The outer peripheral end surface of the outer fixed cylinder 9c has a click groove 9e having a wavy shape composed of alternating irregularities.

As shown in FIG. 6 (a), the rotary plate 10 has a cutout 10a on the outer periphery, an insulating substrate made of a substantially circular resin having a center hole 10b at the center, and carbon on the surface. A resistor pattern 11 is provided.
The pattern 11 is provided between the first and second annular patterns 11a and 11b, which are formed concentrically with each other, and between the first and second annular patterns 11a and 11b, and extends along the circumference. A plurality of switching patterns 11c arranged at intervals, a first connection pattern 11d connecting the first annular pattern 11a and one end of the switching pattern 11c, and a second annular pattern 11b for switching. And a second connection pattern 11e connecting the other end of the pattern 11c. The first annular pattern 11a, the second annular pattern 11b, and the switching pattern 11c are concentric. Between the switching patterns, the substrate surface is exposed by the separating portion 11f to which the resistor is not applied, and is an insulator. And this rotating plate 10
Is inserted between the outer fixed cylinder 9c and the inner fixed cylinder 9d of the rotating member 9. Since the outer fixed cylinder 9c of the rotating member 9 has a shape corresponding to the notch 10a of the rotating plate 10,
The rotating plate 10 rotates together with the rotating member 9.

The insulating base 12 is made of resin and has a substantially circular shape. As shown in FIGS. 2, 7, and 8, a disk-shaped plate 12a and a raised portion around the outer periphery of the plate 12a are provided. The plate body 12a is provided with a rectangular hole 12c penetrating vertically and a central hole 12d formed at the center and penetrating vertically. Wall 1
A substantially trapezoidal through hole 12e is formed between 2b. A sliding portion 13 is mounted in the hole 12c. The through-hole 12e has a concave portion 12f formed in the middle on the plate body 12a side. On the lower surface of the plate 12a, a projection 12g is formed which is formed from substantially the center of the through hole 12e toward the center of the plate 12a. When the pin 8 is inserted into the center hole 12d of the insulating base 12, the rotating member 9 and the rotating plate 10 are rotated.
And are rotatably held.

The sliding portion 13 is made of a thin metal plate, and includes a first slider 13a, a second slider 13b, and a third slider 1b.
3c. The first slider 13a is connected to the first terminal 13g and the second terminal 13 via the first mounting portion 13d.
h. The second slider 1
3b is a third terminal 13i via a second mounting portion 13e.
, And the third slider 13c is formed to be connected to the fourth terminal 13j via the third mounting portion 13f. The mounting portions 13d to 13f are embedded and mounted on the plate 12a of the insulating base 12 by insert molding, and the terminals 13g to 13j are fixed so as to protrude from the outside of the insulating base 12. Each of the sliders 13a to 13c is slightly bent, and each of the sliders 13a to 13c protrudes outward from the hole 12c. Then, when the rotary encoder 1 is assembled, each of the sliders 13a to 13c faces the pattern 11 of the rotary plate 10, and the first slider 13a becomes the first annular pattern 11a.
And the second slider 13b is brought into contact with the switching pattern 11
c, and the third slider 13c comes into sliding contact with the second annular pattern 11b. When the rotating plate 10 rotates, each slider 1
3a to 13c relatively slide on the rotating plate 10.

The mounting plate 14 is mounted on the rotary encoder 1 to give a click feeling. Mounting plate 14
As shown in FIG. 9, is formed of a thin metal plate, is formed of an oval flat base 14a, and is bent perpendicularly from one end of the base 14a to provide a rectangular first hole 14b at the center. It has an arm portion 14d formed and a base portion 14d.
a has a circular hole 14e formed substantially at the center thereof and a protrusion 14f formed at the tip. A semi-cylindrical projection 14g is formed substantially at the center of the arm 14d. The base 14a has an elongated second hole 14c connected to the first hole 14b from the center of the first hole 14b toward the hole 14e.

Then, the pin 8 is inserted through the hole 14e of the mounting plate 14, and is mounted by appropriate means such as caulking.
The rotary encoder 1 is configured. At this time, the arm portion 14d is inserted into the through hole 12e of the plate 12a, and the lower end of the convex portion 14g is located on the bottom surface of the concave portion 12f adjacent to the through hole 12e. The second hole 14c is engaged with a projection 12g provided on the lower surface of the plate body 12a of the insulating base 12, whereby the mounting plate 14 is positioned. Also, the convex portion 14g formed on the arm portion 14d is
The rotation member 9 is in a state of being elastically contacted with a click groove 9e formed on the end face of the outer fixed cylinder 9c. Then, when the rotating member 9 is rotated, the click groove 9e and the arm portion 14d are formed.
Are repeatedly engaged and disengaged to give a click feeling to the operator.

Next, the operation of the rotation angle detecting device of the present invention will be described. A constant voltage is applied to the first slider 13a via first and second terminals 13g and 13h, and the second slider 13b is connected to the first slider 13b via a third terminal 13i.
/ D converter 4, the third slider 13c
Are grounded via a fourth terminal 13j. Pattern 1 connecting first slider 13a and third slider 13c
1, the length of the pattern connecting the second slider 13b and the first slider 13a, and the length of the second slider 13b and the third slider 13c. When the rotating plate 10 is turned clockwise, the length from the third terminal 13i of the rotary encoder 1 to the A / D converter 4 is changed. A sawtooth voltage as shown in FIG. 10A is output. When the rotating plate 10 is turned counterclockwise, a sawtooth voltage as shown in FIG. 10B is output from the third terminal 13 i of the rotary encoder 1 to the A / D converter 4. When the second slider 13b comes into sliding contact with the separation portion 11f, the third terminal 13 is set by the bias resistor 2a.
The voltage of i becomes 0V.

The A / D converter 4 converts the voltage output from the rotary encoder 1 into digital data and outputs the digital data to the arithmetic processing unit 5. The arithmetic processing unit 5 performs an arithmetic operation according to the procedure shown in the flowchart of FIG. 11 to determine the rotation direction of the rotary encoder 1.

Next, the operation of the operation processing unit 5 will be described with reference to FIG.
(A) and (B) will be described with reference to the flowchart in FIG. When the rotation angle detecting device is turned on, the first data Y and the second data Z are set as initial values as shown in S1.
And 0 are input to the first storage device 6. As will be described later, the first data Y and the second data Z are data indicating a voltage hierarchy corresponding to the magnitude of the voltage output by the rotary encoder 1 at an arbitrary time, and data indicating a voltage hierarchy at a predetermined time after the arbitrary time. Data indicating a voltage hierarchy corresponding to the magnitude of the voltage output from the rotary encoder 1 is stored.

Next, as shown in S2, the digital data is input from the A / D converter 4 to the arithmetic processing unit 5, and the value is stored in the voltage data X. The magnitude of the output voltage is stored.

In accordance with the procedures shown in S3 to S8, the arithmetic processing unit 5 sets the value of the voltage data X to
As compared with the value of th6, the voltage is classified into three voltage levels. t
For example, when a voltage of 5 V is applied to the rotary encoder 1, the values of h1 to th6 are preset to the following values (V) and stored in the second storage device 7. th1 = 4.5 th2 = 3.4 th3 = 3.0 t
h4 = 2.0 th5 = 1.6 th6 = 0.5

If th1>X> th2, the output of the rotary encoder 1 is classified as being in the first voltage layer, and A is input to the second data Z. Also, th3
If>X> th4, it is classified as being in the second voltage hierarchy, and B is input to the second data Z. th5>X> th
If it is 6, it is classified as being in the third voltage hierarchy and C is input to the second data Z. If the above condition is not met, the value of the second data Z is not changed. The second data is stored in the first storage device 6.

It is to be noted that a region between the first voltage layer and the second voltage layer, a region between the second voltage layer and the third voltage layer, and a region above the first voltage layer, The region below the voltage hierarchy is a region where the saw-tooth waveform voltage is not classified, and a malfunction does not occur even if the power supply voltage slightly changes. That is, the rotation angle detection device has a dead zone in software. In addition, since it is sufficient to have a dead zone between adjacent voltage hierarchies, one of the upper side of the first voltage hierarchy or the lower side of the third voltage hierarchy may be deleted.

Next, the arithmetic processing section 5 determines whether or not the first data Y is 0 as shown in S9. Since the value of the first data Y immediately after the power is turned on is 0, the process proceeds to S16, where the value of the second data Z is input to the first data Y, stored in the first storage device 6, and the process proceeds to S17. As shown, after waiting for a predetermined time, the process returns to S2.

Here, the standby time in S17 is set to a time short enough to be able to measure at least once in one hierarchy.

After returning to S2, the A / D converter 4
Is stored as voltage data X. Then, as shown in S3 to S8 again, the arithmetic processing unit 5 compares the value of the voltage data X with the values of the thresholds th1 to th6, classifies the voltage data X into three voltage hierarchies, and
, One of the values of A, B and C is input. At this time, the voltage hierarchy corresponding to the output of the rotary encoder 1 at the moment when the power of the rotation angle detection device is turned on is stored in the first data Y, and the voltage hierarchy is stored for a predetermined time from the moment of turning on the power of the rotation angle detection device. The voltage hierarchy corresponding to the output of the rotary encoder 1 later is stored in the second data Z. The first data Y and the second data Z are stored in the first storage device 6.

If the output of the rotary encoder 1 at the moment when the power of the rotation angle detecting device is turned on corresponds to the dead zone, the process proceeds from S9 to S16, and the above-described procedure is repeated. If the output of the rotary encoder 1 at the moment when the power of the rotation angle detecting device is turned on does not correspond to the dead zone, the process proceeds to S10.

In S10, it is determined whether the first data Y matches the second data Z. If the first data Y and the second data Z match, it is determined that the rotating plate 10 has not rotated, the process proceeds to S11, and 0 is input to the rotation direction data A. If the first data Y and the second data Z do not match, the process proceeds to S12.

In S12, the combination of the first data Y and the second data Z is compared with a rotation direction table (see the table in S12) stored in the second storage device 7 in advance, and when they match, Determines that the rotating plate 10 has rotated clockwise, proceeds to S13, and inputs 1 to the rotation direction data A. If the combination of the first data Y and the second data Z is a combination that is not described in the rotation direction correspondence table, it is determined that the rotating plate 10 has rotated counterclockwise and S14.
And input -1 to the rotation direction data A. Therefore,
When the rotating plate 10 rotates clockwise, the rotation direction data A becomes 1; when it rotates counterclockwise, the rotation direction data A becomes −1; Becomes 0.

Then, the program proceeds to S15, in which the rotation direction data A is output to the main body of the portable telephone, not shown.

Thereafter, as shown in S16, the first data Y is rewritten to the value of the second data Z, stored in the first storage device 6, and after waiting for a predetermined time as shown in S17, the process proceeds to S2. Return.

Thereafter, the above procedure is repeated until the power of the rotation angle detecting device is turned off, so that the data of the voltage hierarchy corresponding to an arbitrary time and a predetermined time after the arbitrary time are compared, thereby obtaining the rotation. The direction of rotation of the plate 10 is determined.

FIG. 6B shows a modification of the rotary plate 10 used in the rotary encoder 1 of the present invention, in which the first annular pattern 11a and the second annular pattern 11b are formed of silver foil and used for switching. The pattern 11c, the first connection pattern 11d, and the second connection pattern 11e are formed of a resistor. Even with such a configuration, a sawtooth wave is output from the rotary encoder 1. However, since the current flows uniformly through all the resistors, the power consumption increases, but this is not the case in the first embodiment.

FIG. 6C shows a modification of the rotary plate 10 used in the rotary encoder 1 according to the present invention, in which the first annular pattern 11a and the second annular pattern 11b are formed by resistors and switching is performed. The use pattern 11c, the first connection pattern 11d, and the second connection pattern 11e are formed of a resistance silver foil. Even with such a configuration,
A sawtooth wave is output from the rotary encoder 1.

[0040]

According to the rotary encoder of the present invention, on one surface of the rotary plate, there are first and second annular patterns made of a conductor and formed concentrically with each other, and a conductor, A plurality of switching patterns provided between the first annular pattern and the second annular pattern and arranged at intervals along the circumference; The first slider is in sliding contact with the first annular pattern, the second slider is in sliding contact with the switching pattern, and the third slider is in sliding contact with the second annular pattern. Therefore, a sawtooth wave is output from the rotary encoder, the rotary encoder and the controller can be connected by one line, and the number of terminals of the controller can be reduced.

Further, the first connection pattern is connected to one end of each switching pattern, and the second connection pattern is connected to the other end of each switching pattern, so that each switching pattern is effective from one end to the other end. Can be used for

Further, since the first annular pattern, the second annular pattern, the switching pattern, the first connection pattern, and the second connection pattern are formed integrally with the resistor, one process is performed. Thus, the respective patterns can be integrally formed.

Also, since the connecting portions of the three sliders are arranged side by side on one radius of the rotating plate, the sliders are united at one place, and assembly is simplified.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a rotation angle detection device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of a rotary encoder according to the rotation angle detecting device of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a rotary encoder according to the rotation angle detecting device of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a rear view of a rotation member according to the rotation angle detection device of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a rotating member according to the rotation angle detecting device of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a rear view of a rotating plate according to the rotation angle detecting device of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a front view of an insulating base according to the rotation angle detecting device of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a rear view of the insulating base according to the rotation angle detecting device of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a front view of a mounting plate according to the rotation angle detecting device of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a graph showing output values of a rotary encoder according to the rotation angle detection device of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing an operation of an arithmetic processing unit according to the rotation angle detection device of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a block diagram related to a conventional rotation angle detection device.

FIG. 13 is a perspective view of a rotary encoder according to a conventional rotation angle detection device.

FIG. 14 is a graph showing output values of a rotary encoder according to a conventional rotation angle detection device.

FIG. 15 is a graph showing output values of a rotary encoder according to a conventional rotation angle detection device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Rotary encoder 2a, 2b Bias resistance 3 Controller 4 A / D converter 5 Arithmetic processing unit 6 First storage device 7 Second storage device 8 Pin 9 Rotating member 9a Uneven part 9b Center hole 9c Outer fixed cylinder 9d Inner fixed Cylinder 9e Click groove 10 Rotating plate 10a Notch 10b Center hole 11 Pattern 11a First annular pattern 11b Second annular pattern 11c Switching pattern 11d First connection pattern 11e Second connection pattern 11f Separating part 12 Insulating base 12a Plate 12b Wall 12c Hole 12d Center hole 12e Through hole 12f Concave 12g Projection 13 Sliding part 13a First slider 13b Second slider 13c Third slider 13d First mounting part 13e First Second mounting portion 13f Third mounting portion 13g First terminal 13h Second terminal 13i Third terminal 14 Mounting plate 14a Base 14b First hole 14c Second hole 14d Arm 14e Hole 14f Projection 14g Projection 13j Fourth terminal 31 Rotary encoder 32 Rotating disk 33 Slit 34 First light emitting diode 35 First phototransistor 36 Second light-emitting diode 37 Second phototransistor 38 Controller

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A rotating plate rotatably held, and an insulating base having at least three sliders, and one surface of the rotating plate is formed of a conductor and formed concentrically with each other. The first and second annular patterns, which are made of a conductor, are provided between the first annular pattern and the second annular pattern, and are arranged at intervals along the circumference. A plurality of switching patterns, a first connection pattern made of a conductor, connecting the first annular pattern and the switching pattern, the second annular pattern and the switching pattern made of a conductor And a second connection pattern for connecting the first slider to the insulating base, the first slider slidingly contacting the first annular pattern, and a second sliding pattern. The slider is in sliding contact with the switching pattern, and the third slider is the second slider. A rotary encoder that slides on an annular pattern. 2. The switching pattern according to claim 1, wherein the first connection pattern is connected to one end of the switching pattern, and the second connection pattern is connected to the other end of the switching pattern. The rotary encoder as described. 3. The first annular pattern, the second annular pattern, the switching pattern, the first connection pattern, and the second connection pattern are integrally formed by a resistor. The rotary encoder according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: 4. The connecting part of claim 3, wherein the connecting portions of the three sliders are arranged side by side on one radius of the rotating plate. Rotary encoder.