JP2001246424A - Method and apparatus for press forming - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a press forming apparatus of a simple structure and a small size. SOLUTION: A press forming apparatus conducts forming so that a hollow cylindrical elastic body (urethane) 56 fixed to a retainer 70 is pressed on a only deforming section 54 to be deformed to a prescribed shape out of a plate material 52 on a forming die 66 having pressing part copying a prescribed shape, the only deforming section 54 is deformed to a prescribed shape. A good forming example by this method is bending of a platy flange part, there is no need to press a whole platy body, accordingly, small drive force is enough.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

[0001] The present invention relates to a press forming apparatus and a press forming method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there has been widely known a technique for press-forming a plate material (a material to be molded) into a predetermined shape using a punch and a die. Also, a press forming technique using only one of a punch and a die as a mold and using rubber as the other is widely known. As a press forming technique using rubber instead of a mold as described above, there is a rubber press forming method for press forming a plate material or the like. This rubber press molding method is suitable for high-mix low-volume production, and the Gerin method or Wheelon method is used as the rubber press molding method. The Gehlin method and the Wheelon method will be described with reference to FIG.

FIG. 5A is a schematic diagram illustrating the Gehlin method, and FIG. 5B is a schematic diagram illustrating the Wheelon method.

As shown in FIG. 5A, in the Gehlin method, a molding die 12 is fixed on a support (bolster) 10, and a plate 14 is placed on the molding die 12.
Above the plate member 14, a retainer 18 having a rubber 16 fixed to a lower surface is disposed. The retainer 18 is fixed to the ram 20, and the hydraulic cylinder (not shown)
The sheet material 1 in a shape corresponding to the molding die 12.
4 is formed.

In the Wheelon method, a molding die 34 is fixed to the bottom of a container (container) 30 in which a hydraulic cell 32 and the like are formed, as shown in FIG. 36 is placed. A rubber plate 38 serving as a consumable is placed on the plate member 36. The above-described hydraulic cell 32
Are partitioned by a relatively thick molded rubber 40, and are formed above the molded rubber 40. When press-forming the plate member 36, oil is injected into the hydraulic cell 32 from the inlet 42 to deform the molded rubber 40, and the rubber plate 38 is pressed against the plate member 36 to press-mold the plate member 36.

In the rubber press molding method such as the Gehlin method or Wheelon method described above, since a load acts hydrostatically on the entire surface of a plate material, a press molded product having a precise shape can be obtained. Further, since rubber is used as the molding die, only one rigid molding die is required, and the production cost of the molding die can be reduced. Although the rubber press molding method has several advantages,
There are disadvantages as described below.

[0007]

That is, in the Gerin method, since the rubber 16 larger than the plate 14 is moved up and down, the ram 20 and the hydraulic cylinder become large, and the whole apparatus becomes large (large). In addition, since the load is applied hydrostatically to the entire surface of the plate member 14, a large driving force for vertically moving the ram 20 and the rubber 16 is required. Therefore,
The entire device must be rugged, resulting in a large device.

Further, in the Wheelon method, similarly to the Gehlin method, the molded rubber 40 larger than the plate member 36 is bent and deformed, so that the container 30 becomes large, and the whole apparatus becomes large (large). Further, since a large amount of oil is injected into the hydraulic cell 32, the container 30 must be rugged, resulting in a large-sized device. Furthermore, since a load is applied hydrostatically to the entire surface of the plate member 36, a large driving force is required to bend and deform the molded rubber 40.
Furthermore, since a time for injecting and discharging a large amount of oil into and from the hydraulic cell 32 is required, the time for press molding is prolonged.

In view of the above circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide a compact press forming apparatus with a simple structure and a press forming method capable of pressing a material to be formed in a relatively short time.

[0010]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a press-forming apparatus for press-forming a material to be molded, comprising: A deforming portion to be deformed is pressed, a forming die formed with a pressing portion having a shape following the predetermined shape,
(2) an elastic body that elastically deforms while pressing the deformed portion against the pressing portion, and a retainer to which the elastic body is fixed;
(3) The elastic body includes a moving unit that presses only the deformed portion against the pressing portion to be elastically deformed and moves the retainer so that the deformed portion deforms to the predetermined shape. Things.

Here, (4) the elastic body may be hollow.

(5) The pressing portion of the molding die includes:
A bent surface extending in a predetermined longitudinal direction and bent in a direction intersecting the longitudinal direction is formed; (6) the elastic body extends along the pressing portion;
(7) The retainer fixes the elastic body, covers the elastic body, and extends along the pressing portion,
(8) The moving means may be a plurality of means arranged at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction.

Further, (9) the elastic body may be a hollow cylinder extending along the pressing portion.

Further, (10) each of the plurality of moving means may be arranged such that the elastic body presses the deformed portion from almost directly above the bent surface.

[0015] The second press forming apparatus of the present invention comprises:
In a press forming apparatus for forming a flange on a material by deforming a predetermined deformed portion of the material, (1)
1) A flange is formed by pressing an elastic body against only the deformed portion and deforming only the deformed portion.

Further, the press forming method of the present invention is a press forming method in which a predetermined deformed portion of a material to be formed is deformed to press-form the material to be formed. (12) An elastic body is applied only to the deformed portion. It is characterized in that only the deformed portion is deformed by being pressed and elastically deformed.

Here, (13) when only the deformed portion is deformed, the hollow elastic body may be deformed by pressing only the deformed portion.

Further, a flange may be formed by deforming the deformed portion using a hollow cylindrical elastic body.

[0019]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the appearance of a press forming apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a side view schematically showing the press forming apparatus immediately before deforming the plate material.
FIG. 3 is a side view schematically showing the press forming apparatus immediately after deforming the plate material.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the press forming apparatus 50 has a hollow cylindrical shape only at a deformed portion 54 of a plate material 52 (an example of a material to be formed according to the present invention) which is deformed into a predetermined shape. The urethane rubber 56 (which is an example of the elastic body according to the present invention) is pressed to deform only the deformed portion 54 into a predetermined shape. Here, the deformed portion 5
Reference numeral 4 corresponds to an end of the plate 52 extending in the longitudinal direction (the direction of the arrow A).

The press forming apparatus 50 is placed on a plurality of base tables 58 arranged at regular intervals in the direction of arrow A (an example of the longitudinal direction in the present invention). In FIG. 1, 3
Although two base tables 58 are shown, the press forming apparatus 5
The base table 58 is increased or decreased according to the size of 0.

Each base table 58 has a hydraulic cylinder 60
A C-shaped frame 62 to which (an example of a moving means according to the present invention) is attached is fixed. Therefore, the press forming apparatus 50 includes a plurality of C-shaped frames 62 arranged at predetermined intervals and a hydraulic cylinder 60 attached to each C-shaped frame 62. Therefore, the plurality of hydraulic cylinders 60 are arranged at predetermined intervals in the direction of arrow A. Further, as will be described later, since the respective hydraulic cylinders 60 are simultaneously driven to press-form the plate member 52, the individual hydraulic cylinders 60 are very small as compared with the conventional hydraulic cylinders. In addition, since the small hydraulic cylinder 60 is driven, the driving time is short.

A wide table 64 is stretched over and fixed to the plurality of base tables 58 described above. A molding die 66 is fixed to the table 64. A pressing portion 68 against which the deformed portion 54 of the plate 52 is pressed is formed in the molding die 66. The pressing portion 68 extends in the arrow A direction while bending. In addition, the pressing portion 68 includes
As shown in the figure, a bent surface 68a bent in a direction perpendicular to the direction of arrow A is formed. The portion of the deformed portion 54 pressed against the bent surface 68a undergoes plastic deformation. Therefore, when the deformed portion 54 of the plate 52 is pressed against the pressing portion 68 and bent, the flange 5 is attached to the plate 52.
4a will be formed. That is, the pressing portion 68 has a shape following the shape after the deformed portion 54 is deformed (the predetermined shape according to the present invention).

The tip of the cylinder shaft 61 of each hydraulic cylinder 60 is fixed to the upper surface of a retainer 70 extending in the direction of arrow A. The retainer 70 is located above the pressing portion 68 and is a long one extending along the pressing portion 68. A concave portion extending in the direction of arrow A is formed on the lower surface of the retainer 70 (the surface facing the pressing portion 68), and the upper portion of the hollow cylindrical urethane rubber 56 is fitted into the concave portion and fixed with an adhesive or the like. I have.

A portion of the retainer 70 facing the pressing portion 68 is formed with a first side wall 72 extending in the direction of arrow A and extending slightly downward. Also, the first side wall 7
A second side wall 74 that extends in the direction of arrow A and extends slightly short below is formed in a portion opposite to 2. The concave portion is formed by being surrounded by the first side wall 72 and the second side wall 74. Accordingly, the urethane rubber 56 is deformed by the first side wall 72 and the second side wall 74 so as not to jump out of the concave portion. As shown in FIG. 2, pressing plates 76 are formed at both ends of the retainer 70 in the longitudinal direction (the direction of arrow A) so that the urethane rubber 56 does not protrude in the longitudinal direction.

As described above, since the urethane rubber 56 has a cylindrical shape with a cavity 57 formed in the center, the urethane rubber 56 is easily deformed in accordance with the shape of the pressing portion 68, and is made of a solid material. In comparison, the force required for deformation is small. Therefore, even if the hardness of the urethane rubber 56 is relatively high, each hydraulic cylinder 60 can be reduced in size, and the entire press molding device 50 can be reduced in size. Therefore, the installation space of the press forming apparatus 50 can be reduced, and the degree of freedom of the installation location is high. In addition, since the small hydraulic cylinder 60 is lightweight, the layout of the press forming device 50 can be easily changed. Moreover, since the structure of the press forming apparatus 50 is simple, there is almost no failure.

By the way, there are various types of the urethane rubber 56, and an example is shown in Table 1. In Table 1,
An example of physical properties such as hardness and tensile strength of the urethane rubber 56 is shown. The urethane rubber 56 may be selected according to the material of the plate member 52 and the shape of the pressing portion 68 (the shape of the deformed portion 54), and is not limited to the urethane rubber shown in Table 1. Further, another elastic body may be used instead of the urethane rubber 56. The urethane rubber 56 is not limited to a cylindrical shape, and the shape can be changed according to the shape of the pressing portion 68, and may be, for example, a prismatic shape.

[0029]

[Table 1] With reference to FIGS. 2 and 3 again and also to FIG. 4, an example of a press forming method of a plate material will be described.

FIG. 4 (a) is a perspective view schematically showing an aircraft, FIG. 4 (b) is a perspective view schematically showing a part of the fuselage of the aircraft shown in FIG. 4 (a), and FIG. 4 (c) shows a fuselage frame. It is a perspective view, (d) is BB sectional drawing of (c).

The fuselage frame 80 of the aircraft 79 (which is an example of the material to be formed according to the present invention) is manufactured by flange bending along a curve having a large radius of curvature as shown in FIG. During the flange bending, the flange bent portion (the portion pressed against the bent surface 68a shown in FIG. 2) is intensively pressed and plastically deformed.

The pressure received when the flange bending portion was pressed against the bent surface 68a was measured with a pressure measurement film. As a result, the pressure applied to the flange bending portion was almost the same as when the conventional press forming apparatus (conventional apparatus) shown in FIG. 5 was used. Further, the overall shape of the body frame 80 was the same as that in the case of press molding with the conventional apparatus. Therefore, the press forming method of the present invention is suitable for press forming such a small drawing flange.

In manufacturing the body frame 80, the plate member 52 is placed on a molding die 66 as shown in FIGS. The plate member 52 is made of, for example, a 7075 aluminum alloy and has a plate thickness of 1.5 mm. The plate member 52 is subjected to a solution treatment and then subjected to an outer peripheral trim.

In the press forming apparatus 50, the forming die 66 is arranged so that the end face 68b of the pressing portion 68 of the forming die 66 is located on the extension of the center line 60a (the line of force) of the cylinder shaft 61. ing. Thus, the driving force of the hydraulic cylinder 60 acts on the deformed portion 54 of the plate member 52 without waste, and the deformed portion 54 is strongly pressed against the bent surface 68a. As a result, the driving force of the hydraulic cylinder 60 is hardly lost. Therefore, a small hydraulic cylinder 60 having a relatively weak driving force may be used.
Installation space can be reduced.

When the hydraulic cylinder 60 is lowered,
As shown in FIG. 3, the urethane rubber 56 is sandwiched between the retainer 72 and the molding die 66, and the retainer 72 and the table 6
4 and crushed. As a result, the urethane rubber 56 directly contacts only the deformed portion 54 of the plate member 52 and presses the deformed portion 54 against the pressing portion 68, so that the deformed portion 54 is deformed to have the shape of the pressing portion 68. Urethane rubber 5
6 is deformed, the urethane rubber 56 becomes the first side wall 7.
2, because it is surrounded by the second side wall 74 and the holding plate 76, it does not jump out of the retainer 72. Therefore, the driving force of the hydraulic cylinder 60 can be efficiently transmitted to the urethane rubber 56.

The flange 82 of the body frame 80 is formed as described above. In forming the flange 82, the mold can be set up only by placing the mold 66 on the table 64. Therefore, the setup of the mold is completed in a short time. Further, the plate member 52 is placed on the forming die 66, and then the hydraulic cylinder 60 is driven to press-form the plate member 52. In this case, because of the small hydraulic cylinder 60, the cylinder shaft 61 moves up and down in a short time (for example, several seconds). Therefore, the time required for press molding is also short,
Efficient molding work becomes possible. Further, even if the shape of the flange 82 is different, since the mold 66 can be easily replaced in a short time, press molding can be performed in a short time.

The torso frame 80 has a structure shown in FIG.
As shown in (d), a return flange 84 having a U-shaped cross section is also formed. In order to form the return flange 84, a forming die having the concave portion 69 shown in FIG. 2 is used, and the plate material 52 is inserted into the concave portion 69 and bent. Since the body frame 80 is manufactured in this manner, the body frame 80 can be manufactured in a short time using the small press molding device 50.

[0038]

As described above, according to the first press forming apparatus of the present invention, the elastic member presses the deformed portion against the pressing portion and deforms when the retainer is moved by the moving means. Presses only the deformed portion against the pressing portion. Therefore, the force (press load) of the moving means for moving the retainer and press-forming the material to be formed is sufficient for the elastic body to press only the deformed portion against the pressing portion. Therefore, the size of the moving means can be reduced. In addition, since the elastic body only needs to press the deformed portion against the pressing portion, the size of the elastic body can be reduced. As a result, a compact press molding apparatus with a simple structure can be obtained. Here, when the elastic body is a hollow body, the hollow elastic body is more easily elastically deformed than the solid elastic body, so that the pressing load can be further reduced. Therefore, a smaller press forming apparatus can be obtained.

The pressing portion of the mold has a bent surface extending in a predetermined longitudinal direction and bent in a direction intersecting the longitudinal direction.
The retainer extends along the pressing portion while fixing the elastic body to cover the elastic body, and the moving means extends at a predetermined interval in the longitudinal direction. In the case of a plurality of devices, the retainer is moved by combining the driving forces of the plurality of moving means, so that each moving means can be downsized, and a more compact and easy-to-use press forming apparatus can be obtained. Can be
Also, when forming a flange by bending the peripheral portion of the plate-shaped material using this press forming apparatus, the material to be molded is positioned so that the peripheral portion of the material is positioned on the pressing portion. The retainer is placed on the molding die, and then the retainer is arranged so that the elastic body is located above the peripheral portion, and the retainer is moved by simultaneously driving a plurality of moving means. Thereby, since the material to be formed is bent following the curved surface, a flange can be formed on the material to be formed. As described above, this press forming apparatus is convenient when bending the peripheral portion of the plate-shaped material to form a flange.

Further, when the elastic body is a hollow cylinder extending along the pressing portion, the elastic body is a hollow elastic body, so that the force for deforming the elastic body is small.
Since it is cylindrical, the elastic body is easily deformed according to the shape of the pressing portion.

Still further, in the case where the plurality of moving means are arranged such that the elastic body presses the deformed portion from almost directly above the bent surface,
Since the driving forces of the plurality of moving means act on the deformed portion without waste, the driving forces of the moving means are hardly lost.

Further, according to the second press forming apparatus of the present invention, since the elastic body is pressed only to the deformed portion, only the force required for this pressing is required. Such a force is a weak force as compared to a force pressing the entire molding material. Since the device that generates this weak force is a relatively simple device,
A press forming device with a simple structure is sufficient.

According to the press molding method of the present invention,
Since the elastic body is pressed only to the deformed portion of the molding material, only the force required for this pressing is required. Such power
This force is weaker than the force pressing the entire molding material.
Since this weak force is generated in a relatively short time, the material to be formed can be press-formed in a relatively short time.

Here, when deforming only the deformed portion by pressing the hollow elastic body against only the deformed portion, the hollow elastic body is more elastically deformed than the solid elastic body. Since it is easy, the elastic body can be elastically deformed with a weaker force. As a result, it is possible to press-mold the object in a shorter time.

Further, when a flange is formed by deforming the deformed portion by using a hollow cylindrical elastic body, the force of deforming the elastic body is small because it is a hollow elastic body, and it is also a cylindrical shape. The elastic body is easily deformed according to the size of the flange.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the appearance of a press forming apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view schematically showing a press forming apparatus immediately before deforming a plate material.

FIG. 3 is a side view schematically showing a press forming apparatus immediately after deforming a plate material.

FIG. 4A is a perspective view schematically showing an aircraft,
(B) is a perspective view schematically showing a part of the fuselage of the aircraft in (a), (c) is a perspective view showing a fuselage frame, and (d) is a BB cross-sectional view in (c). is there.

FIG. 5 (a) is a schematic diagram showing the Gehlin method,
(B) is a schematic diagram showing the Wheelon method.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 50 press forming device 52 plate material 54 deformed portion 56 urethane rubber 60 hydraulic cylinder 66 molding die 68 pressing portion 68a bent surface 70 retainer

 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Nobuyuki Suzuki 3175 Showa-cho, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa Japan Aircraft Co., Ltd. F-term (reference) 4E063 AA01 BA01 CA03 CA05 DA02 DA03 MA30

Claims (9)

[Claims] 1. A press forming apparatus for press forming a material to be formed, comprising: a forming die formed with a pressing portion having a shape following the predetermined shape, wherein a deformed portion of the material to be deformed is pressed into the predetermined shape. An elastic body that elastically deforms while pressing the deformed portion against the pressing portion; a retainer to which the elastic body is fixed; and an elastic body that presses only the deformed portion against the pressing portion and elastically deforms the deformed portion. And a moving means for moving the retainer so that the retainer is deformed into the predetermined shape. 2. The press molding apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the elastic body is hollow. 3. The pressing portion of the molding die has a bent surface extending in a predetermined longitudinal direction and bent in a direction intersecting the longitudinal direction, and the elastic body is provided on the pressing portion. The retainer fixes the elastic body, covers the elastic body, and extends along the pressing portion. The moving means includes a plurality of moving means arranged at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction. The press forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the press forming apparatus is a single piece. 4. The press-forming apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the elastic body has a hollow cylindrical shape extending along the pressing portion. 5. The apparatus according to claim 3, wherein each of the plurality of moving means is arranged such that the elastic body presses the deformed portion from almost directly above the bent surface. The press forming apparatus as described in the above. 6. A press forming method for deforming a predetermined deformed portion of a molding material to press-mold the molding material, wherein an elastic body is pressed against only the deformed portion to elastically deform the deformed portion. A press molding method characterized by deforming a sheet. 7. The press-forming method according to claim 6, wherein, when only the deformed portion is deformed, the hollow elastic body is pressed and deformed only against the deformed portion. 8. The press molding method according to claim 6, wherein the flange is formed by deforming the deformed portion using a hollow cylindrical elastic body. 9. A press forming apparatus for forming a flange on a material by deforming a predetermined deformed portion of a material to be formed, wherein an elastic body is pressed only on the deformed portion to deform only the deformed portion. A press forming apparatus characterized by forming a flange by: