JP2001243510A - Automatic fare collection system for parking lot - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable even a user having no cash to use a parking lot by drawing out automatically the parking lot fare by means of a prepaid card, etc. SOLUTION: When the fare of a parking meter is automatically collected by means of an IC card 17 or a prepaid card 18, the two-way radio communication is carried out between a fare server 1 and an on-vehicle device via an optical beacon, a radio wave beacon or a portable telephone set 11. It is also possible to inquire of the server 1 via the telephone set 11 about the current accounting information and the parking/stop time. Since a three-layer ciphered communication protocol is used for carrying out the radio communication between the on-vehicle device and the server 1, the processing load of cipher communication is reduced.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a parking fee automatic collection system, and more particularly, to a parking lot for automatically collecting a parking meter fee by performing wireless communication between a fee server, a vehicle-mounted device, and a roadside device. It relates to an automatic fee collection system.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a conventional parking fee collection system, a user returns to a parking meter installed at the end of a road at regular time intervals and makes a payment. In addition, the parking place was temporarily moved and the fee was settled again.

On the other hand, there is an ETC system for performing wireless communication between a vehicle and a roadside device to collect a toll. In such a system, since the wireless communication can be intercepted by a third party, there is a risk that information regarding the privacy of the user is leaked. To prevent this, the data must be encrypted or scrambled to protect the secret. For example, communication is performed after encryption as shown in FIG.

In such an encrypted communication, an encryption and decryption layer is newly added between each layer of a conventional communication protocol having a TCP / IP layer configuration as shown in FIG. As described above, this is realized by configuring a layer in which the encryption method is placed on the protocol stack.

[0005]

However, in the above-mentioned conventional parking fee collection system, it is necessary for the user to return to the car every hour to settle the fee or to move the parking position.
It was very inconvenient. Further, in a conventional protocol layer of wireless communication between a vehicle and a roadside device, each layer has an encryption key and a decryption key, and has a problem that a stack structure with heavy processing is required and a communication processing load is large. Was.

An object of the present invention is to provide an automatic parking fee collection system that solves the above-mentioned conventional problems, reduces the load of communication processing, and enables the use of a parking lot without cash. And

[0007]

According to the present invention, a parking fee is automatically collected by performing two-way communication between a parking lot management center, a vehicle-mounted device, and a roadside device. In the parking lot management center of the automatic parking fee collection system, a fee server that manages the parking fee and a center communication control device that communicates with the in-vehicle device are provided.
An in-vehicle information communication control device that performs two-way wireless communication with a fee server, an IC card interface, and a prepaid card interface are provided. With this configuration, the parking fee can be automatically settled.

Further, the vehicle-mounted device is provided with a detachable inquiry means for inquiring a charge server via a portable telephone to inquire about current charging information and parking suspension time. With this configuration, the user can use the mobile phone to obtain the current parking time at any time while away from the vehicle.

[0009]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to FIGS.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, a parking lot in which bidirectional communication is performed between a toll server, a vehicle-mounted device, and a roadside device to automatically collect a fee for a parking meter from an IC card or a prepaid card. It is an automatic fee collection system.

FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram of an automatic parking fee collection system according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG.
, The fee server 1 is a server installed in a parking lot management center for managing the parking fee. The center communication control device 2 is installed in the parking lot management center,
This is a device that communicates with the on-board unit. Cryptographic processing unit 3
Is a means provided in the center communication control device 2 for encrypting transmission data and decrypting reception data. Telephone line I
/ F4 is an interface for communicating with the user's mobile phone via the public telephone line network. The optical beacon antenna 5 is provided on the roadside machine at the side of the parking space,
This is an antenna for communicating with the on-board device using an optical beacon.
The radio beacon antenna 6 is provided on the roadside device at the side of the parking space, and is an antenna for communicating with the on-vehicle device using a radio beacon.

The optical beacon antenna 7 is an antenna provided in the vehicle for communicating with the fee server using an optical beacon. The radio beacon antenna 8 is provided in the vehicle,
This is an antenna for communicating with the fee server by radio beacon. The in-vehicle information communication control device 9 is a device that performs information processing such as in-vehicle communication control and fee settlement processing. The encryption processing unit 10 is provided in the in-vehicle information communication control device 9 and is means for encrypting transmission data and decrypting reception data. The mobile phone 11 is a wireless phone for communicating with a charge server using a public line. Button for packet communication 12
Is a button for selecting to perform packet communication with the charge server via the mobile phone 11. Light beacon button
Reference numeral 13 denotes a button for selecting communication using an optical beacon. The radio beacon button 14 is a button for selecting to perform communication using a radio beacon. A
The DPCM playback device 15 is an audio output device that reads out charges and the like. The screen display device 16 is means for displaying a fee and the like on a screen. The IC card 17 is a card for storing and managing personal information, charge history, and the like. Prepaid Card 18
Is a magnetic card for which the parking fee has been paid in advance.

FIG. 2 is an operation flow chart of the automatic parking fee collection system. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a communication protocol hierarchy having a three-layer encryption layer configuration used in the automatic parking fee collection system according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG.
FIG. 3A shows a hierarchical configuration at the time of transmission, and FIG. 3B shows a hierarchical configuration at the time of reception. FIG. 4 is a view showing a list of cipher headers. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an encryption format.

FIG. 1 shows the operation of the automatic parking fee collection system according to the embodiment of the present invention configured as described above.
2 and a flowchart shown in FIG.

(S1) The vehicle is stopped in a parking lot or a parking space on a road. A roadside machine having a parking meter is installed in front of or beside the parking space. An optical beacon antenna 5 or a radio wave beacon antenna 6 is provided together with the parking meter. If neither is available,
An identification number for collecting a fee via a mobile phone is displayed. In the case of using a mobile phone, there is no direct communication path between the roadside device and the on-vehicle device, and it is not possible to recognize in which parking meter the vehicle is parked.

(S2) The user selects a communication device for performing communication between the vehicle and the roadside device. It is determined whether the communication device for collecting the fee of the parking lot is an optical beacon, a radio beacon, or a mobile phone. When using a radio beacon, the radio beacon button 14 of the vehicle-mounted device is pressed. When using the mobile phone 11, the packet communication button 12 is pressed.

(S3, S9) When using the mobile phone 11, if the user further inputs the identification number of the parking meter and presses the charge service menu, the system automatically starts processing by packet communication. If no processing is performed, the standby state is established, and no unnecessary communication occurs.

(S4, S5) When the radio wave beacon button 14 is pressed, the user is connected to the charge server 1 via the radio beacon.

(S6, S7, S8) When the optical beacon button 13 is pressed, the user is connected to the charge server 1 via the optical beacon. If neither is the case, an error has occurred, so error processing is performed and the operation is stopped.

(S10) The vehicle-mounted device collects information from the IC card. The vehicle number / owner information is acquired from the IC card 17 or the prepaid card 18.

(S11) Communication is performed between the charge server 1 and the vehicle-mounted device. When using an optical beacon or a radio beacon, the optical beacon antennas 5, 7 or the radio beacon antenna 6,
Data is exchanged between the in-vehicle device and the charge server 1 via the communication device 8. In the case of using a mobile phone, the vehicle-mounted device communicates with the charge server 1 via the mobile phone 11 and a public line network.

After the communication is established, the vehicle number and the owner information are exchanged between the fee server 1 and the vehicle-mounted device, and the authentication process is performed. When the authentication is established, the charging process is started. Thereafter, communication is performed after a certain period of time, and the fee is deducted from the IC card 17 or the prepaid card 18.
Even if the user leaves the vehicle, communication is automatically performed at fixed time intervals and billing is performed. Instead of a prepaid card, the charge may be deducted from a credit card.

When the portable telephone 11 is used, the user can carry the detachable communication device and access the toll server 1 so that he can know the current parking fee even when he is away from the vehicle.

(S12) When the user returns to the car and leaves the parking lot, the user presses a clearing button (not shown). The parking fee up to the present is settled and the parking fee data is stored on the IC card 17
Or it is recorded on the prepaid card 18. Screen display device
By pressing 16 display confirmation buttons (not shown),
It is possible to read the parking fee.

(S13) When the parking fee is settled and the vehicle leaves the parking lot, the sensor of the parking meter detects that the vehicle has left and the communication is cut off.

(S14,15) The ADPCM playback device 15 automatically notifies by voice when the fee is settled. At the same time, the fee is displayed on the screen display device 16.

(S160) The end processing is performed, and the in-vehicle apparatus stops its operation.

It is to be noted that a parking meter sensor detects that the vehicle has stopped in the parking space, starts communication by an optical beacon or a radio beacon, and automatically deducts a fee at regular intervals. Can also. However, when using a mobile phone, it is necessary to start communication manually and transmit the parking position.

In the present embodiment, in order to speed up the processing, a protocol stack having a three-layer structure is formed as shown in FIG. This protocol has only two functions, Send and Recv, in L6-L7. In L2-L5, Open, Close, Data_Send, Data
It has only four commands _Recv. By using the protocol stack shown in FIG. 3, it is possible to reduce overhead between layers and improve communication speed.

Even if information related to personal privacy, such as parking lot management information, is transmitted and received by wireless communication, the data is encrypted by the cryptographic processing units 3 and 10 so as not to be leaked to a third party due to eavesdropping or the like. Encrypt or scramble to protect your secrets.

Regarding the encryption method to be used, as shown in FIG. 4, it is possible to specify the encryption type in the header as to whether to use the conventional encryption method, DES or RSA, or to use a new encryption method. . Therefore, a conventional encryption method can be used, and a new encryption method can be adopted. By using these cryptographic parameters when the system performs data communication, cryptography is automatically applied and conversion is performed.

The new encryption method will be described with reference to FIG. Compress the number of communication bytes to 128 bytes. The communication format is shown in FIG. The compression method is a method in which the size of data transferred at a time is limited to a maximum of 512 bytes, and a conversion is performed on a sequence of numbers. 00 01 02 0
When data flows sequentially as in 3 04 05 06 07 08 09, it is displayed as 09A to indicate that ten data from 0 to 9 are continuous.

The case where there is a series of one-digit numbers in hexadecimal will be described as an example. As shown in FIG. 5 (b), as shown in FIG.
It corresponds by the combination of "the number of data" and "set a bit". In this example, the result is as shown in FIG. 05
Indicates the number of data. The arrangement of 0s indicates the 15th to 0th bits, and represents that the bits are 0 to F in order from the right. Next, the order in which data appears will be described.
In this example, they are described as 46h and 97h. As a result, the conventional 5-byte data is added to the encryption method header 03, and FIG.
Conversion is performed as shown in (d).

An example of a two-digit hexadecimal number, 34 23 56 21
A case where there is a line of 45 22 24 28 will be described. First, rearrange in units of eight. The above example is 21 22 23
2428 34 45 56 Here, as shown in FIG. 5E, an identifier 06 indicating that the rearrangement has been performed is added to the head. With this, continuous numbers from 21h to 24h can be covered. 21 is the first digit, 04 is the number of consecutive digits, 4627
Indicates that 21 is the fourth, 22 is the sixth, 23 is the second, and 24 is the seventh.

Next, 28h, 34h, 45h, and 56h are represented by decimal numbers. By inserting the number 10 (0A) indicating that the value is in decimal notation, 2834h is set to 4052 in decimal and 4556h is set to 6986 in decimal. When 8153 indicating the order of the numbers is added, FIG.
It is converted as shown in (f). FIG. 5 (g) shows a data string after the string of eight numbers is encrypted.

In the present embodiment, the collection of the parking fee has been described. However, it is apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to this and can be applied to various information services and payment of goods.

As described above, in the embodiment of the present invention,
The parking fee automatic collection system is configured so that bidirectional wireless communication is performed between the fee server, the in-vehicle device, and the roadside device, and the fee for the parking meter is automatically collected from the IC card or prepaid card. In addition, the parking fee is automatically deducted from a prepaid card or the like, and the parking lot can be used without any money.

[0038]

As is apparent from the above description, according to the present invention, a parking fee automatic payment system for automatically collecting a parking fee by performing two-way communication between the parking lot management center, the vehicle-mounted device and the roadside device. The parking lot management center of the collection system is provided with a toll server that manages the parking fee and a center communication control device that communicates with the in-vehicle device. Since the communication control device, the IC card interface, and the prepaid card interface are provided, it is possible to obtain an effect that the user does not have to come to the parking lot every fixed time every time to pay the fee.

Also, the vehicle-mounted device is provided with a detachable inquiry means for inquiring the charge server via a mobile phone and inquiring the current billing information and the parking stop time. There is an effect that the parking time up to the present can be acquired at any time when the user is away from the vehicle.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram of a parking fee automatic collection system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an operation flowchart of a parking fee automatic collection system according to the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a hierarchy of a communication protocol having a three-layer encryption layer configuration used in the automatic parking fee collection system according to the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a list of cipher headers used in the automatic parking fee collection system according to the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an encryption format used in the automatic parking fee collection system according to the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a flowchart of a conventional general encryption and decryption,

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a hierarchy of a communication protocol having a conventional TCP / IP layer configuration;

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a hierarchy of a communication protocol having a conventional seven-layer encryption layer configuration.

[Description of Signs] 1 Charge server 2 Center communication control device 3, 10 Encryption processing unit 4 Telephone line I / F 5, 7 Optical beacon antenna 6, 8 Radio beacon antenna 9 In-vehicle information communication control device 11 Mobile phone 12 For packet communication Button 13 Optical beacon button 14 Radio beacon button 15 ADPCM playback device 16 Screen display device 17 IC card 18 Prepaid card

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. An automatic parking fee collection system for automatically collecting a parking fee by performing two-way communication between a parking management center, a vehicle-mounted device, and a roadside device. A charge server for managing
A center communication control device that communicates with the on-vehicle device is provided,
An automatic parking fee collection system, wherein the in-vehicle device is provided with an in-vehicle information communication control device for performing two-way wireless communication with the fee server, an IC card interface, and a prepaid card interface. 2. The center communication control device and the in-vehicle information communication control device include a communication unit using an optical beacon, a communication unit using a radio beacon, and a packet communication unit using a mobile phone. The parking fee automatic collection system according to item 1. 3. The in-vehicle device according to claim 1, further comprising: detachable inquiry means for inquiring the charge server via a mobile phone to inquire about current billing information and parking suspension time. Automatic parking fee collection system. 4. The automatic parking fee collection system according to claim 1, wherein the on-vehicle device is provided with a means for voice guidance of a charge at the time of settlement and a means for displaying the charge on a screen. 5. The automatic parking fee system according to claim 1, wherein said center communication control device and said in-vehicle information communication control device are means for performing communication according to a communication protocol having a three-layer encryption layer configuration. Collection system.