JP2001239217A - Chip classifying refining device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a chip classifying refining device which has a function to separate included foreign matter by each of its nature and refines and classifies the wooden chips containing the foreign matter to clean wooden chips. SOLUTION: This device is provided with a speed conveyor (10) which releases the chips to be classified at a high speed from the front end of a conveyor belt moving at a high seed and classifies the chips by their mass, a spike conveyor (20) which removes the foreign matter included in the chips to be classified on a horizontally moving conveyor by the conveyor provided with spikes, a roller screen (30) which classifies the sizes of the chips to be classified by the spacing sizes of plural rollers, an air shifter (40) which separates the heavy included foreign matter by blowing air from below to the small chips classified by the roller screen (30) and a cyclone (50) which recovers these small chips.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a chip classification and purification apparatus for classifying and refining waste chips such as dismantled building materials.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Dismantled building waste chips are dismantled, including the interior and exterior used so far, so that various building materials are mixed together and dismantled. Roughly, the chips are sorted by a chip trader at the stage of chip formation. However, it is difficult to easily separate the foreign matter once mixed into the chips.

[0003] Since building waste is treated while being dried, it contains dust, and is also dismantled with water to suppress dust during dismantling. Therefore, some moisture is also included. As described above, it is necessary to purify a dry or wet waste material into a wood chip only depending on its use.

[0004] The contaminants include non-magnetic metal materials, such as copper wires for wiring and aluminum foil, in addition to materials that can be separated by magnets such as iron hardware and nails. Also included are glass, tiles, stones, sand, and the like, as well as pulverized plastics and crushed fibers.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is directed to a chip classification and purification apparatus which has a function of classifying contaminants as described above according to their properties, and purifies and classifies wood chips containing contaminants into clean wood chips. It is intended to provide.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a chip classifying and purifying apparatus for classifying and refining chips, such as dismantled building waste, by providing a foreign matter removing means and a roller screen for classifying the chips according to the gap size of a plurality of rollers. The classified chips from which the foreign matter has been removed by the foreign matter removing means are classified by the roller screen.

[0007] The foreign matter removing means is a magnetic separator.

[0008] Alternatively, the foreign matter removing means discharges the classified chips from the tip of the conveyor belt moving at a high speed and classifies the foreign substances by inertia force due to the mass thereof, and a speed conveyor for moving the classified chips on the horizontally moving conveyor. And a spike conveyor that inserts spikes implanted in the conveyor to remove foreign matter.

It is preferable that the tip roller of the speed conveyor is configured to remove a magnetic substance by a magnet.

Further, the present invention is directed to a method in which the small chips classified by the roller screen are blown from below into an air shifter for separating heavy foreign matter, the foreign matter is separated, and the small chip is collected by a cyclone. Make up.

Further, the oversized chips classified by the roller screen are made finer by a pulverizer and then re-input to a classifier.

Further, the outer diameter of the roller of the roller screen is changed in a wave shape in the axial direction.

As described above, according to the present invention, a foreign substance made of steel, a foreign substance having a large mass by a speed conveyor, and a light foreign substance such as a fiber by a spike conveyor are obtained from a chip of a dismantled building waste or the like by using a magnet. Are removed, and large objects are separated on the roller screen, classified into appropriate grades, and can be used as recycled chips. In addition, small foreign matter such as sand is removed from the classified small chips by an air shifter, and the large chips are pulverized by a crushing device and re-input to a classifying / purifying device for use.

[0014]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a flow of classification and purification of chips to be classified by the chip classification and purification apparatus of the present invention. First, the chips C inserted into the inlet 1 are carried on the speed conveyor 10 by the elevator conveyor 2. The speed conveyor 10 is, for example, 100 to 1
Driving at an appropriate speed in the range of 60 m / min,
Due to the inertia force, the objects to be classified are released from the tip, and the objects with light mass are near, and the objects to be heavy are far away by the inertia force.
Classified into 2 and 13. In addition, a nozzle for ejecting air A is provided at the boundary, so that excessive flight is suppressed.

By using a permanent magnet for the tip roller 10a of the speed conveyor 10, iron-made foreign matter is adsorbed by the roller, and is separated from the roller by returning the belt, and is removed from the damper 11 to the dust box D1. Collected. In addition, a heavy wood-like chip such as a wood chip is blown far away and is collected from the damper 13 into the dust box D2 as foreign matter.

When the wood chips fall on the damper 12 at the center, the wooden chips are conveyed by the next belt conveyor 22, and the spike conveyor 2 installed diagonally on the upper part thereof.
Cross with 0. A large number of spikes 20a are planted on the spike conveyor 20, and the spikes 20a are stabbed and mixed in chips that are carried on the belt conveyor 22 at a constant thickness. It plays a role of hooking paper tapes, strings, plastic bags, paper scraps, etc. Since the spike conveyor 20 is installed diagonally, the foreign matter once caught is lifted up, falls on another conveyor S for taking out at the other end of the conveyor at the time of inversion, and is collected in the dust box D3.

The chips conveyed to the other end of the belt conveyor 22 are put into the roller screen 30. The roller screen 30 is a screen that classifies according to a gap size between a plurality of provided rollers.
The size of the gap can be freely set, divided into several sizes, below which a belt conveyor and a screw conveyor are provided and each is sent to the next step.

In the illustrated example, the chips are classified into three grades: a fine chip, a good chip that can be used, and a chip that needs to be passed through a crusher once again, and collected into dampers 31, 32, and 33, respectively. . The fine chip of the damper 31 is provided by an air shifter 40 described later.
Further, the just-made chips of the damper 32 are further separated into dust by the chip cleaner 35, and the coarse chips are collected in the dust box D4. The oversized chip of the damper 33 is collected in the dust box D5.

Since the fine chips collected by the damper 31 contain foreign matter such as fine sand, the fine chips are fed into the air shifter 40 by a screw conveyor (or belt conveyor) S to remove the foreign matter. I have.

A plurality of pin rollers 41 are provided at the bottom of the air shifter 40, and chips are lifted by a screw or bucket elevator S1 and thrown in.
Stir. Air is blown from below through a punched metal, net, or slit portion at the bottom of the pin roller 41, foreign matter such as heavy sand falls downward, and larger objects are discharged from the end of the pin roller 41. ing. The chips are raised by the air sucked by the fan F, sent to the cyclone 50, and collected in the dust box D6. The exhaust of the cyclone 50 enters the bag filter 60, and no dust is discharged to the outside air. The code F1 is a speed conveyor 1
0, spike conveyor 20, roller screen 3
Dust collection line L1 from 0, 35, etc. to bag filter 60
Shows the fans provided in the.

FIGS. 2 to 4 are external views of the chip classification and purification apparatus of the present invention. In addition, the same reference numerals as those in the explanatory diagram showing the flow of FIG. 1 are used for the reference numerals in these drawings, and in the following description, a part of the overlapping description is omitted. In the side view of FIG. 3, the input port 1 at the left end
The elevator conveyor 2 is provided obliquely upward from above, and the tip thereof is fed into a speed conveyor 10 provided slightly below. The speed conveyor 10 runs from the left to the right in the figure, discharges chips to be classified from its tip, and performs classification, and is dropped from the classified intermediate damper 12 onto the conveyor 22 below.

On the conveyor 22, a spike conveyor 20 descends obliquely from above, and the spike 20
Light foreign substances such as fibers are removed by a. Then, from the end of the conveyor 22, it is dropped on a roller screen 30, and is classified into dampers 31, 32, 33 below the roller screen 30. The intermediate damper 32 is further classified by a chip cleaner 35, and the fine damper 31 is collected by an air shifter 40 using a screw conveyor.
(See FIG. 2).

In the air shifter 40, the chips are communicated from above with the cyclone 50 by an air duct, and the chips are sucked by the fan F above the cyclone 50, separated from the air by the cyclone 50, and collected in the dust box D6 below. You. Then, the exhaust gas of the fan F is communicated with the bag filter 60 (three in the illustrated example) to be purified. FIG. 2 shows a dust collection line L1 that communicates with the bag filter 60 via the fan F1 from the speed conveyor 10, the spike conveyor 20, and the like.

Hereinafter, the mechanism and function of the main components of the present invention will be further described. The speed conveyor 10
A smooth belt is hung between the tip roller 10a and the tail roller, and the surface speed is, for example, 100 to 180 m.
When the object running on the object is driven at a high speed of / min and released from its tip, the position at which the object falls due to the inertial force differs depending on the mass of the object. Separates non-ferrous metals, plastics, rubber, etc. Since some fall positions are in the middle,
Adjust the damper and classify. In addition, air A is blown from above to reliably drop the wood chips, and a brake is applied to drop the wood chips. A magnetic material such as steel is attached via a belt using the tip roller 10a as a magnet, and is collected because the belt is inverted and falls away from the roller 10a.

Next, in the spike conveyor 20, the chips from which the above-mentioned stones, non-ferrous metals, plastics, rubbers, etc. have been removed, are further subjected to thread strings, paper,
Remove light foreign objects such as plastic bags. Waste chips from plywood factories often contain these light foreign substances because they are thread-stitched with a sewing machine or tapes are applied to prevent cracks in the edges of veneers. In order to remove these foreign substances, the spikes 20a of the spike conveyor 20 that has been obliquely lowered facing the horizontally running belt conveyor 22 are inserted into the chip layer, and the foreign substances are hooked and taken out. The foreign matter caught on the spike 20a is lifted obliquely upward, and is removed from the spike 20a when the belt is turned over. In addition, air is blown from the inside to remove foreign matter that has protruded deeply into the spike 20a.

In the roller screen 30, the wood chips purified as described above are classified according to the purpose of use. Usually, there are three stages: small chip (fine chip), medium chip (regular chip), and large chip (oversized chip). These sizes are divided by the gap size of the plurality of rollers, and in the present apparatus, the gap size can be changed to an arbitrary size.

In the case of these rollers, in the case of a smooth roller, the chips between the rollers rotate at the same place, and it is difficult to move forward. Alternatively, the roller rotating shaft is provided with a mountain shape in a direction perpendicular to the roller rotating shaft, and the roller is advanced using a peripheral speed difference between a small diameter portion and a large diameter portion.

In the present invention, as shown in FIG. 5, the outer diameters of the rollers R, R are corrugated in the axial direction, and the grooves C are provided on the surface thereof. This prevents the chips from spinning at the same location, and the flow of the chips is smooth. In addition, if the surface is shallow, such as a knurled surface, wear is fast, and groove processing is used. In cold regions, chip powder may adhere to the roller in winter due to moisture in the chip, but this can be prevented by chrome plating the surface of the corrugated grooved roller.

In the air shifter 40, sand particles, metal powder and the like mixed in the small chips (fine chips) classified by the roller screen 30 are removed. The fine chips classified by the roller screen 30 are lifted up by the screw conveyor S1 and thrown into the inside through the air inflow prevention rotary valve V on the side of the air shifter 40, and are fed by a plurality of pin rollers 41 provided at the bottom. Stir. Under the pin roller 41, a punched metal hole or a slit is provided and air is blown in. A heavy foreign object falls from the hole (slit), and the chip is blown up by the air and sent to the cyclone 50 together with the air. Can be A large chip on the pin roller 41 is sent by the pin roller 41 and discharged from its end. The outlet is also provided with a rotary valve V.

The air shifter 40 has a rectangular vertical box shape.
The interior is a combination of narrow and wide sections to change the air flow velocity. The speed of the rising air can be changed depending on the size of the chip to be classified, but is usually 1 to 25.
Select about m / sec.

As described above, according to the present invention, waste chips from building waste are mixed into iron dismantlement, non-ferrous metal, plastic, glass, stone, earth and sand, string, paper, plastic bags and other dismantled old materials. Any foreign substances can be removed, and it can be regenerated as a clean chip purified as a raw material.

Further, the present invention can be applied not only to simply dismantled old wood, but also to refining and reusing all waste materials from plywood factories, sawmills, furniture factories, etc. as raw materials for boards. Also,
Glass balls which did not become fibers from inorganic fiber raw materials spun like mineral wool, that is, shots, can also be removed. It can also be applied to shredding interior materials from car dismantling, removing plastic from the resulting shredder dust, and extracting only soft materials such as fibers and urethane foam. Even better effects can be exhibited for these raw materials that are strongly entangled by inserting a machine having a defibrating function in the middle of the process.

Hereinafter, examples of these embodiments will be further described. FIG. 6 shows a configuration of an embodiment of a classifying and refining apparatus for old building demolition chip according to the present invention. The chips put into the inlet 1 include the chips collected on the cyclone 52 and the bag filter 60 described later on the conveyor 2A, and are put into the magnet separator 3 to remove foreign matters made of steel and collected in the dust box D11. Is done. The oversized chips are separated by the roller screen 4 and stored in the chip bunker 5. Oversized ones are sent to a hammer mill 70, which is a crusher, by a conveyor S.

From the tip bunker 5, the conveyor 2B
Then, it is sent to the magnet separator 3 </ b> A, and foreign matters made of steel are removed and sent to the speed conveyor 10. Iron and steel foreign matter removed by the magnet at the tip of the speed conveyor 10 and collected on the damper 11 is collected by the conveyor S into the dust box D14 together with the material removed by the magnet separator 3A. In addition, the heavy objects collected in the damper 13 are collected in the dust box D12, and just the right chip of the damper 12 is sent to the spike conveyor 20. In the spike conveyor 20,
The removed foreign matter such as a thread string is collected in the dust box D13 and sent to the roller screen 30.

The roller screen 30 shown in this example is classified into four grades, and the fine chips of the damper 31 are sent to the air shifter 40 via the conveyors S and S1 and the rotary valve V, and the fine particles from which foreign matter has been separated are separated. The chips are collected by the cyclone 50 and sent to the SL chip pins by the conveyor 2C via the valve V. Further, foreign matter that has passed between the pin rollers of the cyclone 50 is collected in the dust box D15, and large foreign matter discharged by the pin roller 41 is sent to the cyclone 51 via the valve V.

The tip of the middle damper 32 is
SL chip pins 5A on the conveyor 2C or CL chip pins 5B on the conveyor 2D by the V damper 6.
It is sent separately. Also, the damper 32A is
The damper 33 is sent to the cyclone 51 to the CL chip pin 5B. In the cyclone 51, the fan F sucks air into the bag filter 60, where the large chips are separated, dropped on the conveyor S via the valve V, and crushed by the hammer mill 70, which is a crushing device. The crushed chips are sent to the cyclone 52 by the fan F, separated from the air, returned to the position immediately after the inlet 1 through the valve V, and sent again.

FIG. 7 shows the structure of an embodiment of a desiccant chip classification and purification apparatus. In this embodiment, the chips put into the inlet 1 are put into the magnet separator 3 by the conveyor 2A, and foreign matters made of steel are removed and collected in the dust box D21. Then, it is put into the roller screen 30 by the conveyor 2H, and the subsequent steps are the same as in the embodiment shown in FIG.

Next, FIG. 8 shows the configuration of an embodiment of a wet chip classification and purification apparatus. In this embodiment, the chips put into the inlet 1 are crushed by the hacker 71, and are put into the magnet separator 3 by the conveyor 2A to remove iron-made foreign matters. The oversized chips are separated by the roller screen 4 and stored in the chip bunker 5. The oversized one is sent to the hammer mill 70 by the conveyor S to be crushed, further sent to the cyclone 52 by the fan F, separated, and returned to the conveyor 2A via the valve V.

As with the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, foreign matter is removed from the chip bunker 5 by the speed conveyor 10 and the spike conveyor 20 and sent to the roller screen 30.

The roller screen 30 is classified into four grades of dampers 31, 32, 32A and 33. The fine chips of the damper 31 are sent to the flow conveyor 2J by the conveyor S, and the chips of the slightly coarse damper 32 are sent to the magnet separator 3B by the conveyor 2E to remove iron and steel foreign matter (dust box D32). To the hammer mill 70A. The chips comminuted by the hammer mill 70A are partially sent directly to the flow conveyor 2J, or sucked by the fan F into the cyclone 52A, where they are separated and discharged through the valve V to the flow conveyor 2J.

From the coarser damper 32A, it is sent to the knife ring flaker 72 by the conveyor 2F, cut and sent to the flow conveyor 2J. The chips collected on the flow conveyor 2J are sent to a dryer and dried.

FIG. 9 shows the configuration of an embodiment of a dry chip classification and purification apparatus. The process in which the chips put in the inlet 1 are put into the magnet separator 3 by the Eleverta conveyor 2A, the foreign matter is removed by the speed conveyor 10 and the spike conveyor 20 and then put into the roller screen 30 is the same as in the previous embodiment. It is. The roller screen 30 classifies dampers 31, 32 and 33 into three grades.
The fine chip of the damper 31 is SL on the conveyor 2C.
To the chip pins, the slightly coarse chips of the damper 32 are sent to the CL chip pins by the conveyor 2D, respectively.
The coarse chip of the damper 33 is sent to the hammer mill 70 to be miniaturized and sucked by the fan F, so that the cyclone 5
2, dropped on a conveyor 22 via a valve V, and classified again by a roller screen 30.

[0043]

The present invention is configured as described above and has the following effects. (1) From waste wood chips, iron foreign materials, non-ferrous metals,
It removes any foreign matter mixed in dismantled old materials such as plastic, glass, stone, earth and sand, string, paper, plastic bags, etc., and can regenerate it as purified raw chips. (2) Furthermore, it can be applied not only to dismantled old wood but also to recycle all waste materials from plywood factories, sawmills, furniture factories, etc. and recycle them as raw materials for boards. It can also be used to remove glass balls that did not become fibers from fiber raw materials, that is, shots, and to remove plastic from shredder dust of interior materials for dismantling automobiles and remove only soft materials such as fibers and urethane foam. .

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a flow of a chip classification and purification apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a chip classification and purification device according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a front view of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a side view of FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a roller shape of a roller screen.

FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram showing an apparatus for classifying and refining used building demolition wood chips according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing an apparatus for classifying and purifying desiccant chips according to the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing an apparatus for classifying and purifying wet chips according to the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a configuration diagram showing an apparatus for classifying and purifying dry chips according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Input port 2 ... Elevator conveyor 3, 3A ... Magnet separator 5 ... Chip bunker 10 ... Speed conveyor 20 ... Spike conveyor 30 ... Roller screen 40 ... Air shifter 50, 51, 52: cyclone 60: bag filter 70: hammer mill Dx: dust box F, F1: fan S: conveyor

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) B07B 4/02 B07B 4/02 7/08 7/08 13/00 13/00 13/10 13/10 Z B09B 5/00 ZAB B27L 11/00 N B27L 11/00 B09B 5/00 ZABF F-term (reference) 2B241 DA11 DB30 4D004 AA31 AB03 AC05 BA10 CA04 CA08 CA09 CA12 CA44 CB46 DA02 DA12 4D021 AA03 AA08 AB11 BA13 CA10 DB11 FA02 FA14 FA22 FA25 FA28 GA18 GB03 HA01 JA08 JB02 KA06 KB05 LA04 NA02

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A chip classification and purification apparatus for classifying and refining chips such as dismantled building waste materials and the like, provided with foreign matter removing means, provided with a roller screen for classifying according to a gap size of a plurality of rollers, and removing foreign matter with the foreign matter removing means. A chip classification / refining apparatus characterized in that the chips to be classified are subjected to classification by the roller screen. 2. The chip classification and purification apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said foreign matter removing means is a magnetic separator. 3. A speed conveyor, wherein the foreign matter removing means discharges a classified chip from a tip of a conveyor belt moving at a high speed and classifies the foreign matter by an inertial force due to its mass.
The chip classifying and purifying apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a spike conveyor for inserting spikes planted on the conveyor into chips to be classified on the conveyor that moves horizontally and removing foreign matter. 4. A small chip classified by the roller screen is blown from below into an air shifter for separating heavy foreign matter, the foreign matter is separated, and the small chip is collected by a cyclone. 4. The chip classification and purification apparatus according to any one of 1 to 3 above. 5. The chip classification and purification apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the oversized chips classified by the roller screen are made finer by a pulverizer and re-input to the classification and purification apparatus. 6. The roller of the roller screen,
The chip classification and purification apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the outer diameter is changed in a wave shape in the axial direction.