JP2001234916A - Fastening fixture - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fastening fixture preventing loosening of fastening by a bolt even when wood fixed by the bolt contracts. SOLUTION: This device is composed of a sleeve 1 formed with a collar part 4 on a top part of a cylinder part 2, a receiving member 10 formed with a tapered hole 12 inside a receiving cylinder part 11 housing the sleeve 1 movably in an axial direction and with a collar part 13 on a bottom of the receiving cylinder part 11 abutting to a member 41 to be fixed, a wedge member 20 interposed between an outer circumferential face of the sleeve 1 and the tapered hole 12 of the receiving member 10, and a spring member 40 pressing the wedge member 20 toward a smaller diameter side of the tapered hole 12. When the member 41 to be fixed is displaced toward an axial head part 45a side of the bolt 45, the receiving member 10 is displaced following the displacement of the member 41 to be fixed and it is locked in the displaced position by the wedge member 20 for maintaining a tightly fastened state of the bolt.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a tightening device for preventing a bolt from being loosened when a wooden fixed member such as a pillar contracts due to a change in diameter or is displaced by an earthquake or vibration of an automobile. For fixtures.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In wooden constructions, various connecting fittings are used in connecting portions of wood, for example, connecting portions such as columns and beams, and the connecting fittings are inserted into through holes of the wood. It is fixed by tightening bolts. In some cases, a communication hole is formed by combining wood and wood, and a bolt is inserted into the communication hole to fix the wood and wood directly with a bolt. In wooden buildings, the vibration of the building is prevented by firmly fixing the connection part of the wood using bolts, and the seismic resistance of the wooden building is designed on the assumption that the bolts are completely tightened. I have.

[0003] The timber in a wooden building undergoes a shrinkage phenomenon called thinning of wood, which is commonly called "wood thinning", mainly due to drying as the wood passes over the years. In the conventional method of fixing a member to be fixed with bolts using washers, when `` thin trees '' such as pillars of a building advance, the nuts tightened to the bolts are loosened, and the work of the washers becomes insufficient, Buildings are easily shaken by vibrations caused by earthquakes and traffic of vehicles. Further, when a vibration load is repeatedly applied to the fixed member connected by the bolt for many years, the local portion of the wood in contact with the washer of the bolt receiving the vibration load further contracts, and the loosening of the tightened state further progresses. Therefore, the seismic resistance of wooden buildings declines with age.

[0004] As a countermeasure against the above problem, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H11-166521 proposes a "vibration preventing washer".

As shown in FIG. 9, the washer W has a slit 51 formed so that the diameter can be reduced, a C-ring shape, an outer peripheral surface 52 having a tapered surface, and an inner surface of a shaft hole 53 when the diameter is reduced. The formed serrated locking claw 54 is
3 has an inner ring 50 that is immovable in the axial direction by tightening a bolt 60, and a tapered hole 56 into which the inner ring 50 is fitted. The end face of the tapered hole 56 on the small diameter end side is fixed. An outer plate 55 which is a contact surface to a member 65 and reduces the diameter of the inner ring 50 when the fixed member 65 is displaced in the axial direction. Coil spring 5 elastically pressed against plate 55
8 is provided.

As a result, the fixed member 6 is changed due to a change in diameter.
When “tree thinning” of 5 progresses, the inner ring 50 pressed by the pressure of the coil spring 58 moves in the direction of the fixed member 65 following the progress of “tree thinning”, and fixes the outer plate 55. It is pressed against the member 65 to maintain the tightened state. Also, when the fixed member 65 swings in the direction of the nut 57 due to an earthquake or the vibration of an automobile, the outer plate 55 is moved in the direction of the nut 57, and the 50 tapered outer peripheral surface 52 of the inner ring is tightened. 50 is to reduce the diameter of the slit 51 by reducing the interval,
The locking claw 54 bites into the thread 61 of the bolt 60 and is locked at that position to prevent movement in the direction of the nut 57. Therefore, swinging (vibration) of the fixed member 65 in the direction of the nut 57 is prevented.

[0007]

However, the above-mentioned washer W is not fixed to the fixed member 6 due to an earthquake or the vibration of an automobile.
When the nut 5 swings in the direction of the nut 57, the inner ring 50
Is reduced in diameter and the locking claw 54 bites into the screw thread 61 of the bolt 60 and locks at this position. Therefore, when the locking member 54 is firmly locked by strong vibration, the fixed member 65 moves in the opposite direction to the nut 57. The locking claw 5 on the screw thread 61 when shaken
There is a disadvantage that the lock due to the strong bite of 4 is not unlocked, and the inner ring 50 does not easily follow the fastening direction of the fixed member 65.

If the bolt 60 and the nut 57 are excessively tightened when tightening, the inner ring 50 is reduced in diameter, the thread 61 of the bolt 60 is crushed, and the operation of the washer W is reduced by half. Therefore, the worker must consider the tightening and tightening of the wrench, which is difficult for an unskilled person to handle.

In the above-mentioned washer W, when the locking claw 54 and the screw thread 61 of the bolt 60 bite weakly and the lock is insufficient, the extension of the coil spring 58 due to the contraction of the fixed member 65 is accompanied. As a result, the repulsive force is reduced, and the tightening force of the bolt 60 is reduced. Therefore, the seismic resistance diminishes over the years, so it could not be said to be a sufficient measure for "thinning trees."

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and provides a fastening device in which the fastening by bolts is not loosened even if the fixed member made of wood is displaced in the axial direction due to contraction or vibration. It is in.

[0011]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a sleeve having a flange formed at the top of a cylindrical portion through which a bolt passes, and a receiving cylinder for accommodating the sleeve in an axially movable manner. A receiving member having a tapered hole formed inside the portion and a lower end surface of a flange formed at a lower end portion of the receiving cylinder portion serving as a contact surface with a fixed member; and an outer peripheral surface of the sleeve. A wedge member slidably interposed between the wedge member and the tapered hole of the receiving member, and a spring member for pressing the wedge member toward the small diameter side of the tapered hole.

With the above arrangement, when the fixed member contracts or is displaced toward the head in the axial direction of the bolt due to an earthquake or vibration of an automobile or the like, the wedge member receiving the pressing force of the spring member pushes the bolt. Then, the receiving member is displaced following the displacement of the fixed member, and the receiving member is locked by the wedge action of the wedge member at the displaced position. Even if a load is applied to the nut in the axial direction of the bolt on the receiving member by the pressing force of the fixed member, the receiving member is locked by the wedge action of the wedge member and is not displaced and maintains the tightened state of the bolt. To prevent vibration of the fixed member.

[0013] The wedge member is formed by fitting a lock ball into the ring at a predetermined interval in the circumferential direction, and the lock ball is in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the sleeve and the tapered hole of the receiving member. Since the contact resistance between the member and the sleeve is small, the receiving member provided on the wedge member smoothly follows the displacement of the fixed member with the displacement of the bolt of the fixed member toward the head in the axial direction. The lock ball of the wedge member bites into the sleeve and the receiving member when the load on the nut is applied to the receiving member by the fixed member, and the receiving member is strongly locked by the wedge action, thereby securely displacing the fixed member. Block.

In addition, a tapered surface is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion of the sleeve, and a plurality of wedge pieces are arranged around the tapered surface to form a wedge member in a collet shape. The fixing member is slidably in contact with the tapered surface and the outer peripheral surface of the wedge member is slidably in contact with the tapered hole of the receiving member. As the wedge member is displaced to the side, the wedge members contract in the axial center direction, and the wedge member contracts, and the receiving member pressed by the wedge member smoothly follows the displacement of the fixed member. With respect to the load on the nut side applied to the receiving member by the fixed member, the receiving member is strongly fixed by the wedge action accompanying the contraction of the wedge member, and the displacement of the fixed member is reliably prevented.

Further, the spring member is compressed so that the sleeve and the receiving member are sandwiched by a clip to be in a locked state, and when the lock by the clip is released, the operating state is established, whereby the clip is unlocked. Then, the wedge action is generated by the wedge member without being affected by the degree of tightening during the tightening operation, and the tightening strength of the bolt is maintained.

[0016]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Preferred embodiments of the fastening device according to the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIGS. 1 to 4 show a first embodiment of a tightening fixture according to the present invention, in which a sleeve 1, a receiving member 10 for accommodating the sleeve 1, and a sleeve 1 are provided.
Member 20 slidably interposed between the receiving member 10 and the wedge member 20
And a spring member 40 for pressing the wedge member 20 and a clip 30 for maintaining the spring member 40 in a compressed state.

The sleeve 1 has a flange 4 formed at the upper end of a cylindrical portion 2 having a shaft hole 3 through which a bolt 45 passes.
A locking groove 5 with which the clip 30 is engaged is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the flange portion 4.

In the receiving member 10, a flange portion 13 is formed at a lower end portion of a receiving cylindrical portion 11 having a tapered hole 12, and the cylindrical portion 2 of the sleeve 1 is interposed in the tapered hole 12 via a wedge member 20. It is accommodated so as to be movable in the axial direction. Taper hole 12
Has a large-diameter end opening at the upper end of the receiving tube portion 11, a small-diameter end opening at the lower end surface 13 a of the flange portion 13, and the lower end surface 13 a of the flange portion 13 It is an abutment surface. A locking groove 14 with which the clip 30 is engaged is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the upper end portion of the receiving cylinder portion 11.

The wedge member 20 has a ring 2 whose outer peripheral surface has a taper having the same angle as the angle of the tapered hole 12 of the receiving member 10.
1 and a plurality of lock balls 22 rotatably fitted at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction of the ring 21. Each lock ball 22 of the wedge member 20 protrudes a spherical surface into and out of the ring 21 and intervenes in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 2 of the sleeve 1 and the tapered hole 12 of the receiving member 10. Easy sliding.

The spring member 40 is a coil spring disposed outside the cylindrical portion 2 of the sleeve 1, one end of which contacts the lower surface of the flange 4 and the other end of which contacts the wedge member 20. The receiving member 10 is pressed toward the small-diameter opening end of the tapered hole 12. The compressed state of the spring member 40 is maintained until the spring member 40 is contracted to the compressed state and the clip 30 is removed.

The clip 30 is formed in the shape of a C-ring, and is formed along the upper and lower edges of the inside of the ring.
1 is protruded. The clip 30 straddles the flange 2 of the sleeve 1 and the flange 13 of the receiving member 10, and the upper and lower locking ridges 31, 31 engage with the locking groove 5 of the sleeve 1 and the locking groove 14 of the receiving member 10. Then, the sleeve 1 and the receiving member 10 are locked, the spring member 40 is maintained in a compressed state, and the fastening fixture is integrated.

In order to assemble the fastening fixture of the present embodiment, a spring member 40 and then a wedge member 20 are attached to the outer periphery of the cylindrical portion 2 of the sleeve 1, and this is inserted into the tapered hole 12 of the receiving member 10. Next, a ring-shaped jig (not shown) is inserted into the tapered hole 12 from the lower end surface of the receiving member 10 so that the wedge member 20 is shifted toward the small diameter direction of the tapered hole 12 so that the wedge action does not work. 20 is pushed up to a predetermined position of the tapered hole 12, the sleeve 1 is pressed into the receiving member 10 to compress the spring member 40, and the back surface of the flange 4 of the sleeve 1 and the upper end of the receiving cylinder 11 of the receiving member 10 are moved. The clip 30 is hung and locked in that state.

The tightening fixture is, as described above, a spring member 40.
The sleeve 1 and the receiving member 10 are
It is assembled in a locked state by 0 and circulates in this locked state.

When this is used, the bolt 45 inserted into the mounting hole 41a of the fixed member 41, such as a pillar or a beam,
The lower end surface 13a of the flange 14 of the receiving member 10 is
The nut 46 is attached so as to be a contact surface with the nut 1. After the tightening with the bolt 45 and the nut 46 is completed, the clip 30 is removed and the sleeve 1 and the receiving member 1 are removed.
Release the lock with 0 and activate the fastening fixture.

[0026] By setting the tightening fixture to the operating state,
When the fixed member 41 contracts due to “thinning” or is displaced toward the head 45 a in the axial direction of the bolt 45 due to an earthquake or vibration of an automobile, the wedge member 2 receiving the pressing force of the spring member 40.
0 and the receiving member 10 pushed by the wedge member 20
Since the lock ball 22 is in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 2 of the sleeve 1 and the tapered hole 12 of the receiving member 10, the contact resistance between the wedge member 20 and the sleeve 1 is small, so that the fixed member 41 can be easily displaced. Is displaced following. At the displaced position, the lock ball 22 of the wedge member 20 bites into the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 2 of the sleeve 1 and the wall surface of the tapered hole 12 of the receiving member 10, and the receiving member 10 is locked by this wedge action.
Therefore, the tightened state of the fixed member 41 by the bolt 45 is not affected by the expansion and relaxation of the spring member 40,
Receiving member 1 fixed at a position displaced by wedge member 20
It is definitely maintained by 0.

Further, the member 41 to be fixed is moved by an earthquake or vibration of a car or the like.
When a load is applied to the receiving member 10 from the bolt 45 toward the nut 46 in the axial direction, the receiving member 10 is locked by the wedge action of the wedge member 20 and is not displaced toward the nut 46. Therefore, the tightened state of the fixed member 41 by the bolt 45 is maintained, and the vibration of the fixed member 41 is prevented.

As is clear from the above description, the tightening and fixing device of the present embodiment is displaced following the contraction of the fixed member 41, locked by the wedge action, and cannot be displaced in the anti-contraction direction. Therefore, it is possible to surely prevent a problem that the wooden building is likely to vibrate due to the "thinning of the tree".

FIGS. 5 to 8 show a second embodiment of the tightening fixture according to the present invention. In the figure, portions common to the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.

As shown in the figure, the fastening fixture of the second embodiment comprises a sleeve 1, a receiving member 10, and a sleeve 1 and a receiving member 10 as in the first embodiment.
The wedge member 20 slidably interposed between the spring member 40, a spring member 40 for pressing the wedge member 20, and the clip 30.

The cylindrical portion 2 of the sleeve 1 in the present embodiment
The outer peripheral surface of the tapered surface 6 is directed downward toward the axis center.
Are formed.

The receiving member 10 has a locking projection 15 formed on the outer peripheral edge of the upper end of the receiving cylinder 11, and a tapered hole 12 formed below the straight hole 16 on the inner peripheral surface of the receiving cylinder 11.

The wedge member 20 is formed in a collet shape with a ring divided into a plurality of wedge pieces 23 at equal intervals, and is disposed around the tapered surface 6 of the cylindrical portion 2 of the sleeve 1. The wedge member 20 is pressed by a spring member 40 via a washer 24 provided on the upper surface thereof. The inside of each wedge piece 23 slidably contacts the tapered surface 6 of the sleeve 1, and the outside of each wedge piece 23 slidably contacts the tapered hole 12 of the receiving member 10.

The clip 30 is formed in a spring cap shape from a thin metal plate. A peripheral wall 34 is vertically provided from a peripheral edge of a top wall 33 in which an insertion hole 32 through which a bolt 45 penetrates is drilled, and the peripheral wall 34 is formed by cutting a plurality of cuts from an outer peripheral edge of the top wall 33 to a lower end edge of the peripheral wall 34. The groove 35 defines a plurality of arc-shaped portions 36. The clip 30 is elastically snapped down by forcing downward, and is fitted to the flange 4 of the sleeve 1 so as to fit the arc-shaped portion 3 of the peripheral wall 34.
6 engages with the locking projection 15 of the receiving member 10, and the spring member 3
0 is maintained in a compressed state, and the sleeve 1 and the receiving member 10 are maintained in a locked state. In the fitted clip 30, the outer edge side of the top wall 33 abuts on the outer edge of the upper surface of the flange portion 4 of the sleeve 1, and a portion near the center of the top wall 33 rises from the upper surface of the flange portion 4 of the sleeve 1. It is shaped.

The tightening fixture of this embodiment assembled with the above members is mounted on a bolt 46 and a nut 46
, The top wall 33 of the clip 30 is deformed by being pressed by the nut 46. As a result, the peripheral wall 34 is split from the cut groove 35, the arc-shaped portion 36 is displaced in the radial direction, and the locked state between the sleeve 1 and the receiving member 10 is released, and the operating state is automatically activated.

Therefore, if the operator tightens the bolt and the nut, the operation is automatically performed, so that there is no fear of malfunction due to forgetting to remove the clip 30, etc., and the operation is facilitated and reliably performed. It can be.

In this embodiment in the operating state,
As in the previous embodiment, the fixed member 41 is “tree thin”.
When the collet-shaped wedge member 20 is contracted or displaced toward the head in the axial direction of the bolt 45 due to an earthquake or vibration of the vehicle, the collet-shaped wedge member 20 receives the pressing force of the spring member 40 via the washer 24. As shown by the imaginary line in FIG. 5, the sleeve 1 contracts along the tapered surface 6 of the cylindrical portion 2 of the sleeve 1 and easily displaces together with the displacement of the fixed member 41 together with the receiving member 10 pressed on the outer peripheral surface.

The receiving member 10 is fixed at the displaced position by the wedge action of the wedge member 20 to prevent loosening of the bolting and to prevent the member to be fixed 41 from vibrating.

FIG. 8 shows an example of a method of fixing the tightening fixture according to the present invention using a double nut. The thickness of the fixed member 41 through which the bolt 45 is inserted is large and the bolt 45 is long.
This is a suitable fixing method when strong tightening and a strong following force of the tightening fixture are required using

After releasing the lock by the cap-shaped clip 30 by tightening the nut 46 to put the tightening fixture in the operating state, the large-diameter coil spring 42 is mounted on the receiving member 10 by supporting it on the upper surface of the collar 13 around the receiving member 10. A nut 47 is tightened via a washer 43 to attach the large-diameter coil spring 42 in a compressed state. Accordingly, when the fixed member 41 is displaced, the spring member 40 and the large-diameter coil spring 42 are displaced.
The receiving member 10 follows the strong pressing force strongly.

The case where the fastening fixture is applied to a member to be fixed in a wooden building has been described above. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and is applied to various members in which displacement of the member to be fixed may occur after fastening with a bolt. Needless to say.

[0042]

The present invention is embodied in the form described above and has the following effects.

When the fixed member fixed by the bolt contracts or is displaced toward the head in the axial direction of the bolt due to an earthquake or vibration of an automobile or the like, the receiving member receiving the pressing force of the spring member through the wedge member. It is displaced following the displacement of the fixed member, and is locked by the wedge action of the wedge member at the displaced position and does not loosen, so that the tightened state by the bolt is reliably maintained, and the vibration of the fixed member is maintained for a long time. Can be prevented.

Further, since the spring member is compressed to lock the sleeve and the receiving member with the clip, and the locked state is released, the operating state is established. This is the same as the conventional fastening operation using a washer. And wedge action by the wedge member occurs without being affected by the degree of tightening during the tightening operation, so that even an unskilled worker can easily handle the work.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a first embodiment of a tightening fixture according to the present invention, in a non-operating state.

FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a wedge member used in the tightening fixture of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a clip used for the fastening fixture of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing an operation state of the tightening fixture of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing a second embodiment of the fastening fixture according to the present invention, in an unoperated state.

FIG. 6 is a plan view showing a wedge member used in the tightening fixture of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a plan view showing a clip used for the fastening fixture of FIG. 5;

FIG. 8 is a sectional view showing an operation state in which the tightening fixture of FIG. 5 is tightened with a double nut.

FIG. 9 is a sectional view showing a conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 sleeve, 2 cylinder, 3 shaft hole, 6 tapered surface, 1
0 receiving member, 11 receiving cylinder, 12 tapered hole, 13
Flange portion, 13a lower end surface, 20 wedge member, 21 ring, 2
2 lock ball, 23 wedge pieces, 30 clips, 40
Spring member, 41 fixed member, 45 bolt,

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A sleeve having a flange formed at the top of a cylindrical portion through which a bolt passes, and a tapered hole formed inside a receiving cylindrical portion for accommodating the sleeve so as to be movable in the axial direction. A lower end surface of a flange formed at a lower end portion of the portion is a slidable interposition between a receiving member having a contact surface with a fixed member and an outer peripheral surface of the sleeve and a tapered hole of the receiving member. And a spring member for pressing the wedge member toward the small diameter side of the tapered hole. 2. A wedge member having a lock ball fitted into a ring at a predetermined circumferential interval, and wherein the lock ball is in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the sleeve and the tapered hole of the receiving member. 2. The fastening fixture according to 1. 3. A tapered surface is formed on an outer peripheral surface of a cylindrical portion of the sleeve, and a plurality of wedge pieces are arranged around the tapered surface to form a wedge member in a collet shape. 2. The fastening fixture according to claim 1, wherein the tapered surface is slidably in contact with the tapered surface, and the outer peripheral surface of the wedge member is slidably in contact with the tapered hole of the receiving member. 4. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the spring member is compressed so that the sleeve and the receiving member are sandwiched by a clip to be in a locked state, and the lock is released by the clip to be in an operating state. 3. The fastening fixture according to 3.