JP2001234708A - Water recovery apparatus for high humidity exhaust gas and water recovery method for high humidity exhaust gas - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water recovery apparatus capable of obtaining high temperature recovery water with high effective energy in compact and simple constitution. SOLUTION: This water recovery apparatus for high humidity exhaust gas is provided with an exhaust gas passage 7a for circulating exhaust gas and an atomizer 8 for atomizing and supplying cooling water into the exhaust gas passage. Cooling water is sprayed into high humidity exhaust gas circulating through the exhaust gas passage, the exhaust gas is cooled by direct contact between the exhaust gas and the sprayed cooling water, and water drops in the exhaust gas is recovered. The exhaust gas passage 7a is provided with a swirl current generating means 11 for generating a swirl current in the exhaust gas, and a water recovery means 12 for recovering water drops splashed to the inner and outer parts of the passage, such as the exhaust gas passage wall surface by the centrifugal force of the swirl exhaust gas.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a high-humidity exhaust gas water recovery apparatus and a HAT (high-humidity gas turbine) cycle power generation plant, and more particularly to cooling high-humidity exhaust gas flowing in an exhaust gas passage. The present invention relates to a high-humidity exhaust gas water recovery device in which water is sprayed, the exhaust gas is cooled by direct contact between the exhaust gas and the sprayed cooling water, and water droplets in the exhaust gas are collected.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Water recovery from high-humidity exhaust gas has become particularly important in a gas turbine cycle utilizing moisture such as an HAT cycle. The HAT cycle is a gas turbine cycle in which compressed air is humidified on the inlet side of the combustor to increase the flow rate of compressed air to increase output and improve power generation efficiency.

[0003] In this type of power plant, to improve the power generation efficiency, waste heat may be recovered from the flue gas after working in a gas turbine and used effectively, but the moisture in the flue gas is high. When the temperature of the exhaust gas is lowered by heat recovery, white smoke may be generated in the exhaust gas discharged from the chimney.

In order to prevent this, it has been considered that water is recovered from exhaust gas before it is released to the atmosphere, and some of them have been adopted. One measure of the water recovery is disclosed in, for example,
No. 0628 and the like.

[0005]

With the high-humidity gas turbine cycle power plant constructed as described above, it is possible not only to prevent the generation of white smoke but also to recover the heat recovered during water recovery. The use of water is effective in improving the power generation efficiency, and by treating the collected water with a water treatment device and reusing it, the amount of replenishment water can be reduced, and the like is effective.

However, this prior art shows that heat recovery from exhaust gas may be performed up to a lower temperature range in order to improve power generation efficiency. However, at this time, if the high-temperature recovered water heat-exchanged upstream of the exhaust gas and the low-temperature recovered water heat-exchanged downstream of the exhaust gas are mixed, the temperature of the recovered water decreases as a whole.

However, when recovered water is reused as make-up water, high-temperature water has higher effective energy and is more effective in improving power generation efficiency. When the recovered water is used for purposes other than makeup water, high-temperature water is more easily used as a heat source.
For this reason, it is conceivable that the recovered water is separated into high-temperature water and low-temperature water for recovery.
A structure using horizontal cross-flow type direct contact to realize high-temperature water recovery has been considered.

In this device, the exhaust gas is caused to flow in a horizontal direction,
The water recovery device is divided into a plurality of water recovery areas along the flow. Then, by repeatedly using a part of the low-temperature recovered water obtained in the former-stage water recovery region for cooling the latter-stage water recovery region corresponding to the exhaust gas upstream portion, the high-temperature water is finally recovered. . However, in this structure, since a plurality of structures for spraying the recovered water are required, not only the power of the pump or the like is increased, but also the horizontal flow path becomes longer, so that the structure tends to be larger.

The present invention has been made in view of the above, and an object of the present invention is to provide a water recovery apparatus of this kind which can obtain high-temperature recovered water having a high effective energy with a compact and simple structure. Is to do.

[0010]

That is, the present invention comprises an exhaust gas flow path through which exhaust gas flows, and a spray device for spraying cooling water into the exhaust gas flow path. Cooling water is sprayed into the high-humidity exhaust gas, and the exhaust gas is cooled by direct contact between the exhaust gas and the sprayed cooling water to recover water droplets in the high-humidity exhaust gas. A swirling flow generating means for generating a swirling flow in the exhaust gas in the exhaust gas flow path; and a water recovery device for collecting water droplets splashed on the inner and outer portions of the flow path by the centrifugal force of the swirling exhaust gas. Means to achieve the intended purpose.

In this case, the exhaust gas passage is formed such that the cross-sectional area of the passage gradually increases in the gas flow direction. Further, a spray spray port of the spray device,
It is provided in multiple stages in the flow direction of the exhaust gas, and is formed so that the spray particle diameter in each stage is different. Further, a part for collecting water droplets in the exhaust gas,
It is formed so as to have a plurality of water droplet recovery ports having different recovery water temperatures. Further, a part or all of the collected water having a low temperature as a whole among the collected water collected from the water droplet collecting port is re-sprayed to a high temperature portion of the exhaust gas.

Further, the present invention comprises an exhaust gas flow passage through which exhaust gas flows, and a spray device for spraying and supplying cooling water into the exhaust gas flow passage, wherein a high humidity exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust gas flow passage is provided. Spraying cooling water, cooling the exhaust gas by direct contact between the exhaust gas and the sprayed cooling water, in a water recovery device of the high humidity exhaust gas so as to collect water droplets in the exhaust gas, the device, An ultrasonic generator is provided for applying vibration to spray droplets sprayed into exhaust gas, and heat transfer is promoted by applying vibration to spray droplets in exhaust gas.

An exhaust gas passage through which the exhaust gas flows and a spraying device for spraying cooling water into the exhaust gas passage are provided, and the cooling water is introduced into the high-humidity exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust gas passage. In a water recovery device for high-humidity exhaust gas, the exhaust gas is cooled by direct contact between the exhaust gas and the sprayed cooling water, and water droplets in the exhaust gas are collected. The flow path cross-sectional area is formed so as to gradually change in the direction, so that the flow rate of the exhaust gas is changed.

An exhaust gas passage through which the exhaust gas flows and a spray device for spraying cooling water into the exhaust gas passage are provided, and the cooling water is introduced into the high-humidity exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust gas passage. And cooling the exhaust gas by direct contact between the exhaust gas and the sprayed cooling water to collect water droplets in the exhaust gas. An electric field device for applying an electric field between a spray port of the apparatus and a recovery port for collecting the water droplets is provided, and the spray droplets in the exhaust gas are charged or polarized to change the flow velocity or the flow direction of the spray droplets. It is.

That is, in the thus formed water recovery device for high-humidity exhaust gas, the swirl flow generating means for generating a swirl flow in the exhaust gas in the exhaust gas flow passage, and the inside and outside of the flow passage due to the centrifugal force of the swirling exhaust gas. Since water recovery means for recovering splashed water droplets is provided in one side, high-temperature recovery water is effectively separated by the swirling flow generation means, and cooling water droplets are balanced with gravity. It will stay at a certain position in the water recovery unit for a long time, and the contact time of the exhaust gas and the cooling water will increase, and therefore, this structure will promote the heat transfer from the exhaust gas to the cooling water, make it compact and have high effective energy High temperature recovered water can be obtained.

Further, by designing the shape of the water recovery device so that its cross-sectional area gradually increases or decreases in the flow direction of the exhaust gas, the cooling water droplets are formed by the water recovery device due to the balance between the blowing force by the exhaust gas and the gravity. For a long time, and the contact time between the exhaust gas and the cooling water increases.
Therefore, this structure promotes heat transfer from the exhaust gas to the cooling water. In addition, by charging or polarizing the cooling water spray water droplets by an electric field, the balance between the blowing force by the exhaust gas and the electrostatic force and gravity,
The cooling water droplets stay at a certain position in the water recovery device for a long time, and the contact time between the exhaust gas and the cooling water increases. Therefore, this structure promotes heat transfer from the exhaust gas to the cooling water.

In addition, by employing a structure for applying vibration to the sprayed water droplets in the water recovery device using ultrasonic waves, the surface of the water droplets is disturbed and the heat transfer area is increased, so that the heat transfer from the exhaust gas to the cooling water is reduced. The cooling water spray is installed in multiple stages in the flow direction of the exhaust gas, and the cooling water temperature is increased toward the upstream side of the exhaust gas, and, for example, the particle size of the cooling water droplet is increased toward the upstream side of the exhaust gas. The area where the cooling water droplets exchange heat sufficiently can be widened. Therefore, heat transfer from the exhaust gas to the cooling water is promoted.

[0018]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the illustrated embodiments. FIG. 1 shows a schematic system of the high humidity gas turbine (HAT) cycle power generation plant. 1 is a gas turbine, 2 is a compressor, 3 is a generator, 4 is a combustor, 5 is a steam generator, and 7 is a water recovery device. In addition, 14 is a chimney.

The air 24, which is the intake air of the compressor, is supplied to the compressor 2
After that, the fuel is combusted with the fuel 25 in the combustor 4 and the steam 26 generated in the steam generator 5, and is sent to the gas turbine 1 as a high-temperature combustion gas. The high-temperature combustion gas drives the gas turbine 1 and thereafter is emitted as exhaust gas 27. This exhaust gas 27 is heat-recovered by the steam generator 5, then cooled to 70 to 80 ° C. by the exhaust gas reheater 6, and is converted into a combustion exhaust gas 29 containing a large amount of water vapor by a water recovery device 7 enclosed by a broken line in FIG. It is led to.

The combustion exhaust gas (high-humidity exhaust gas) 29 containing a large amount of water vapor is sent to a water recovery unit housing (exhaust gas passage) 7a, where it is sprayed, that is, a cooling water spray 8
Is cooled by direct contact with water droplets having a diameter of about 100 to 400 μm, which are sprayed and sprayed, and water vapor in the exhaust gas is condensed and recovered. At this time, the temperature of the cooling water 30 is 25 to 35.
° C, and the exhaust gas 29 is cooled to about 40 ° C.

The water-recovered exhaust gas 28 that has exited the water recovery device housing 7a is reheated by the exhaust gas reheater 6 to prevent the emission of white smoke, and is then discharged to the atmosphere via the chimney 14. On the other hand, the high temperature recovered water 3 recovered from the water recovery port 12a
1 is sent to the steam generator 5 by the pump 13.

The water recovery device housing 7a has an exhaust gas inlet 9a at the lower part, an exhaust gas outlet 10 at the upper part, and a cooling water spray 8 installed below the exhaust gas outlet 10. In this case, the exhaust gas inlet 9a has a diffuser structure, and the exhaust gas outlet 10 has a reducer structure. A swirler (swirl flow generating means) 1 is provided on the exhaust gas inlet 9a side adjacent to the upper portion of the exhaust gas inlet 9a.
A water recovery port 12 is provided above the swirler 11 on the inner wall surface of a water recovery device housing (exhaust gas channel) 7a.
a is installed.

The swirler 11 has a structure having a spiral flow path. The swirler 11 bends a streamline in an oblique direction with respect to a fluid flowing vertically upward from below and turns a part of a vertically upward velocity component. Replace with the velocity component in the direction.

The swirling flue gas 29 passing through the swirler 11 comes into contact with the cooling water droplets and gradually rises in the water recovery unit housing 7a while gradually exchanging heat, so that sufficient moisture is recovered and the water is recovered. It is discharged from the recovery device housing 7a. Water droplets with a large particle size receive a strong centrifugal force, so only heat-exchanged water vapor is condensed and recovered, and only the enlarged droplets adhere to the wall surface due to centrifugal force and fall down along the wall surface under gravity. , From the high-temperature water recovery port 12a. Small water droplets having a particle size with insufficient heat exchange are swirled on the flow of the exhaust gas 29 and remain in the water recovery unit housing 7a until heat exchange is sufficiently performed. Therefore, the heat exchange time is increased by this structure, and the heat transfer of the exhaust gas and the cooling water is promoted.

FIG. 2 shows a swirler 1 according to the first embodiment.
It is the schematic which showed the other one Example of the structure which generates a swirling flow, without using FIG. That is, the exhaust gas inlet 9
A cyclone-type exhaust gas inflow portion 9b having a swirl flow generating structure is installed instead of a, and the exhaust gas 29 is introduced into the water recovery apparatus housing a from a horizontal direction to generate a swirl flow.

FIG. 3 shows the cyclone type exhaust gas inflow section 9.
It is a top view showing an example of the structure of b. The cyclone-type exhaust gas inflow portion 9b has a double cylindrical structure, has an exhaust gas inlet on the side of the outer cylinder, and has several internal exhaust gas inlets with a swivel guide plate 9d on the side of the inner cylinder 9c. Have. The turning guide plate 9d is outwardly attached to one side of the internal exhaust gas inlet. Exhaust gas 2 flowing into 9b
9 is introduced into the internal cylinder 9c directly connected to the water recovery device housing 7a by the swirl guide plate 9d, and forms a swirling flow. With this structure, a strong swirling flow can be created with a small pressure loss.

FIG. 4 shows another example. In this case, the side wall surface of the water recovery unit housing 7b is inclined, and the horizontal cross-sectional area of the exhaust gas outlet 10 is smaller than that of the exhaust gas inlet 9a. It has a larger structure. That is, the exhaust gas passage is formed so that the passage cross-sectional area gradually increases in the gas flow direction.

In the case of the water recovery device housing 7b, since the horizontal cross-sectional area gradually increases from the lower portion to the upper portion with respect to the exhaust gas flow path, the exhaust gas 29 rising in the water recovery device housing 7b is formed. Gradually decreases the flow velocity in the vertical upward direction. Therefore, minute water droplets can be sprayed at a low pressure in the cooling water spray 8 without fear of being blown up by the exhaust gas downstream of the exhaust gas. In this case, if the particle size of the spray water droplet is reduced, many water droplets can be sprayed even at the same flow rate, so that the heat transfer area increases and heat transfer is promoted. In addition, since the exhaust gas ascending flow velocity is high in the exhaust gas upstream portion, the exhaust gas blowing force and gravity are balanced, and water droplets stay for a long time,
Heat exchange time increases.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing an embodiment in which a plurality of water recovery ports 12a and 12c having different recovered water temperatures are provided on the inner wall surface of a water recovery apparatus housing 7a in a water recovery apparatus incorporating a swirler 11. FIG.

On the inner wall surface of the water recovery unit housing 7a, a high-temperature water recovery port 12a is provided on the upstream side of the exhaust gas, and a low-temperature water recovery port 12c is provided on the downstream side of the exhaust gas. Exhaust gas inlet 9
The exhaust gas 29 flowing into the water recovery device housing 7a through the a and the swirler 11 rises in the water recovery device housing 7a while directly contacting heat exchange with cooling water droplets sprayed from the cooling water spray 8.

In this case, since the cooling water droplets receive a stronger centrifugal force as the particle size increases, only the droplets that have sufficiently exchanged heat to condense and recover water vapor and become enlarged are attached to the wall surface by the centrifugal force, and the gravity drops. In response, it falls along the wall surface and is collected from the high-temperature water collection port 12a. Small water droplets having a particle size with insufficient heat exchange are swirled on the flow of the exhaust gas 29 and remain in the water recovery unit housing 7a until heat exchange is sufficiently performed. Therefore, this structure increases the heat exchange time and promotes the heat transfer of the exhaust gas and the cooling water.

Here, when there are water droplets having a large particle size and poor heat transfer, or when there is cooling water which is sprayed without heat exchange and immediately adheres to a wall surface, one water recovery port is provided. Otherwise, the collection of high-temperature water is hindered by the mixing of low-temperature water. Water droplets having a large particle size and poor heat transfer are subjected to centrifugal force due to the swirling flow and adhere to the wall surface before descending to the upstream region of the exhaust gas 29. Therefore, high-temperature water is collected together with the cooling water adhered to the wall surface immediately after spraying. The low temperature water is recovered as low temperature water 32b from a low temperature water recovery port 12c above the port 12a. As a result, only the high-temperature water 31 that has sufficiently exchanged heat with the exhaust gas is recovered from the high-temperature water recovery port 12a.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing one embodiment in which Coulomb force is used for controlling the behavior of a cooling water droplet. A mesh-shaped negative electrode 15 is provided above the cooling water spray 8, and a positive electrode 16 is provided at the position of the water recovery port 12a. As a result, an electric field is generated in the water recovery device housing 7a, the cooling water droplet is negatively charged, and an attractive force is generated between the cooling water droplet and the positive electrode 16. For this reason, the cooling water droplet receives a force in a direction opposite to the flow of the exhaust gas 29, and even if the particle diameter is minute, it is less likely that the cooling water droplet is accompanied by the exhaust gas and discharged to the outside of the water recovery device housing 7a. Therefore, the heat transfer area can be increased by making the particle size of the cooling water droplet smaller, and heat exchange with the exhaust gas 29 can be promoted.

FIG. 7 shows an embodiment having a structure in which the ultrasonic oscillator 17 is provided upstream of the exhaust gas 29 to promote heat transfer. Exhaust gas 29 for hot water recovery
It is important that the heat exchange with a small temperature difference is performed in the upstream part of the apparatus. By applying ultrasonic waves to this portion, vibration occurs on the surface of the water droplet, and the heat transfer area increases.
Further, the boundary layer is thinned due to turbulence caused by vibration, and heat transfer with a small temperature difference is possible. The promotion of heat transfer by the ultrasonic wave is not limited to the upstream portion of the exhaust gas. If the ultrasonic wave is applied to the entire inside of the water recovery device housing 7a, a greater heat transfer promotion effect can be obtained.

FIG. 8 shows a water recovery apparatus provided with a swirler 11, in which cooling water sprays 8a, 8b and 8c are installed in multiple stages in the flow direction of exhaust gas, and the cooling water temperature and the cooling water particle size are set for each stage. It is a schematic diagram showing one of different embodiments. In the water recovery device housing 7a, cooling water sprays are installed in the order of 8a, 8b, 8c from the exhaust gas downstream, and the water recovery ports 12a, 12b and 12c are installed. The cooling water temperature is increased and the particle diameter of the cooling water is increased as the spray of the cooling water on the exhaust gas upstream side increases.

The exhaust gas 29 flowing into the water recovery unit housing 7a through the exhaust gas inlet 9a and the swirler 11 is directly humidified by cooling water sprays 8a, 8b, and 8c. Rises inside the water recovery device housing 7a while being collected. Therefore, the flow rate of the exhaust gas 29 becomes lower toward the downstream, and the flow rate at the outlet is smaller by about 20% as an example than at the inlet of the water recovery device housing 7a. For this reason, the higher the position in the water recovery device housing 7a, the smaller the blowing force of the exhaust gas 29 acting on the droplet.

The low-temperature cooling water 30c sprayed by the cooling water spray 8c is sprayed with a particle size such that gravity and the exhaust gas blowing force are balanced at the height where the water recovery port 12c is located.
After sufficient residence time has passed for heat exchange at this position, water vapor in the exhaust gas condenses and the enlarged water droplets adhere to the wall surface due to the centrifugal force of the swirling flow, and fall along the wall surface under gravity to fall It is recovered as low-temperature recovery water 32b from the recovery port 12c.

Similarly, the medium and high temperature cooling water 30b, 30a sprayed by the cooling water sprinkler sprays 8b, 8a is such that gravity and exhaust gas blowing force are balanced at the height where the medium and high temperature water recovery ports 12b, 12a are located, respectively. Sprayed with a large particle size, after a sufficient residence time for heat exchange, the water vapor in the exhaust gas is condensed into large water droplets, and subjected to centrifugal force to recover from the water recovery ports 12b, 12a as medium- and high-temperature recovered water 32a, 31, respectively. Collected. Here, the particle diameter of the spray droplet is 8c <8b <
8a, and the temperature of the cooling water is 30c <30b <
30a.

By this means, the area in which the droplets exchange heat sufficiently is widened, and the apparatus is more compact than in the case of a single-stage spray or a tray-type direct contact heat exchanger in which the area in which heat exchange is not performed is large. Is obtained.

FIG. 9 shows a water recovery apparatus provided with a swirler 11 having a structure in which cooling water sprinkling sprays and water recovery ports are installed in multiple stages in the flow direction of exhaust gas, and low-temperature recovered water is re-sprayed to a high temperature portion of the exhaust gas. It is the schematic diagram which showed one Example. Cooling water sprays are installed in the water recovery device housing 7a in the order of 8a, 8b, and 8c from the exhaust gas downstream, and the water recovery ports 12a and 12c are provided on the inner wall surface of the water recovery device housing 7a below each cooling water spray. 12b and 12c are installed.

The exhaust gas 29 which has flowed into the water recovery unit housing 7a through the exhaust gas inlet 9a and the swirler 11 is subjected to heat exchange by direct contact with cooling water droplets sprayed from the cooling water sprays 8a, 8b, 8c. , Rises inside the water recovery device housing 7a.

The cooling water 30c is sprayed with the cooling water spray 8c.
And heat exchange with the exhaust gas to condense and recover the water vapor in the exhaust gas. The water droplets enlarged by the centrifugal force due to the swirling flow adhere to the wall surface, fall along the wall surface due to gravity, and are collected as low-temperature recovered water 32b from the water recovery port 12c.

The low-temperature recovered water 32b is re-sprayed by the pump 18b as the middle-temperature cooling water 30b from the cooling water spray 8b on the exhaust gas upstream side. Water droplets obtained by collecting water vapor from the exhaust gas and enlarging the water droplets receive centrifugal force due to the swirling flow, adhere to the wall surface, fall along the wall surface due to gravity, are collected at the water recovery port 12b, and are converted into high-temperature cooling water 30a by the pump 18a. It is sprayed from the cooling water spray 8a installed at the most upstream part of the exhaust gas. The sprayed cooling water droplets
The heat is sufficiently exchanged in the vicinity of the exhaust gas inlet to be enlarged, the centrifugal force generated by the swirling flow adheres to the wall surface, the water flows down the wall surface by gravity, and is recovered as high-temperature recovered water 31 from the water recovery port 12c.

With this structure, the area where the droplets sufficiently exchange heat is widened, and the apparatus is more compact than a single-stage spray or a shelf-type direct contact heat exchanger where the area where heat exchange is not large is performed. can get. Further, since the temperature difference between the exhaust gas and the cooling water can be made as small as possible for heat exchange, high-temperature recovered water close to the exhaust gas inlet temperature can be obtained.

FIG. 10 shows a swirler 11 and an electrode 1 in a water recovery unit housing 7b having a structure in which the horizontal sectional area of the exhaust gas outlet 10 is larger than that of the exhaust gas inlet 9a.
It is the schematic which showed one Example which incorporated the structures 5 and 16 and adopted the structure which re-sprays collected water.

Since the horizontal cross-sectional area of the water recovery device housing 7b is gradually increased from the lower portion to the upper portion with respect to the exhaust gas channel, the exhaust gas 29 rising in the water recovery device housing 7b is gradually reduced. The flow velocity in the vertical upward direction decreases. In addition, due to the electric field generated by the negative electrode 15 and the positive electrode 16, the negatively charged cooling water droplet receives Coulomb force in the exhaust gas upstream direction. Therefore, fine water droplets can be sprayed at a low pressure in the cooling water sprays 8a and 8c without fear of being blown up by the exhaust gas. If the particle size of the spray water droplet is reduced, many water droplets can be sprayed at the same flow rate, so that the heat transfer area increases and heat transfer is promoted.

The droplets having a large particle size due to sufficient heat exchange downstream of the exhaust gas adhere to the wall surface due to the centrifugal force of the swirling flow, fall along the wall surface under gravity, and fall through the low-temperature water recovery port 12c. It is recovered as recovered water 32b, and is re-sprayed as high-temperature cooling water 30a from the cooling water spray 8a to the exhaust gas upstream region by the pump 18a.

In the upstream region of the exhaust gas, the flow rate of the exhaust gas is large because the cross-sectional area of the flow passage of the water recovery device housing 7b is small, but the Coulomb force received by the droplet is large because it is close to the positive electrode. It is possible to spray fresh water drops. Therefore, heat transfer can be promoted by spraying water droplets having a small particle diameter at a large relative speed. The droplets having a large particle size after sufficient heat exchange adhere to the wall surface by the centrifugal force of the swirling flow, fall down along the wall surface under gravity, and are collected from the high-temperature water recovery port 12a. can get.

With this structure, the area in which the droplets can sufficiently exchange heat is widened, and the apparatus is more compact than a single-stage spray or a tray-type direct contact heat exchanger in which the area where heat exchange is not large. can get. Especially in the upstream part of the exhaust gas,
Since large heat transfer is obtained, high-temperature recovered water can be effectively obtained.

FIG. 11 shows a case where the swirler 11 and the ultrasonic oscillator 17 are incorporated in a water recovery unit housing 7b having a structure in which the horizontal cross-sectional area of the exhaust gas outlet 10 is larger than that of the exhaust gas inlet 9a. FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing an embodiment employing a structure for re-spraying.

Since the horizontal cross-sectional area of the water recovery device housing 7b is gradually increased from the lower portion to the upper portion with respect to the exhaust gas flow path, the exhaust gas 29 rising inside the water recovery device housing 7b gradually increases. The flow velocity in the vertical upward direction decreases. Therefore, without worrying about being blown up by exhaust gas,
Fine water droplets can be sprayed at low pressure in the cooling water spray 8c downstream of the exhaust gas. If the particle size of the spray water droplet is reduced, many water droplets can be sprayed at the same flow rate, so that the heat transfer area increases and heat transfer is promoted.

The droplets having a large particle size after sufficient heat exchange downstream of the exhaust gas adhere to the wall surface due to the centrifugal force of the swirling flow, fall along the wall surface under gravity, and fall through the low-temperature water recovery port 12c. It is recovered as recovered water 32b, and is re-sprayed as high-temperature cooling water 30a from the cooling water spray 8a to the exhaust gas upstream region by the pump 18a. In the exhaust gas upstream region, the flow path cross-sectional area of the water recovery device housing 7b is small, so that the flow velocity of the exhaust gas is large. Must. However, by applying ultrasonic waves to this portion, the surface of the water droplet having a large flow velocity and being close to a turbulent flow is further disturbed, and a large heat transfer can be obtained.
The droplets having a large particle size after sufficient heat exchange adhere to the wall surface due to the centrifugal force of the swirling flow, fall down along the wall surface under gravity, and are collected from the high-temperature water recovery port 12a.
1 is obtained.

With this structure, the area where the liquid droplets sufficiently exchange heat is widened, and the apparatus is more compact than a single-stage spray or a tray-type direct contact heat exchanger in which the area where heat exchange is not large. can get. Especially in the upstream part of the exhaust gas,
Since large heat transfer is obtained, high-temperature recovered water can be effectively obtained.

FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram showing one embodiment of a HAT cycle power plant incorporating the water recovery apparatus of the present invention. After the air 24 is compressed by the compressor 2, it is cooled to about 110 ° C. by the air cooler 22 to become the low-temperature compressed air 34 a, and the humidifier 23 adds moisture to the absolute humidity of about 20%. The water added here is high-temperature high-pressure water 33 of about 160 ° C. that has been heat-exchanged in the air cooler 22 and the economizer 21. Compressed air 3 to which moisture has been added by the humidifier 23
4a is heated to about 550 ° C. in the regenerator 20;
It becomes high temperature and high humidity compressed air 34b.

The compressed air 34b is supplied from the combustor 4 to the fuel 25.
Together, they are burned to become a combustion gas of about 1300 ° C. and sent to the gas turbine 1. After driving the generator 3, the gas turbine 1 emits exhaust gas 27 at about 600 ° C. This exhaust gas is heat-recovered by the regenerator 20 and the economizer 21, cooled to about 80 ° C. by the exhaust gas reheater 6, and led to the water recovery area of the present invention surrounded by a broken line.

The combustion exhaust gas 29 containing a large amount of water vapor is sent to the water recovery unit housing 7a, where it is cooled by coming into direct contact with water droplets having a diameter of about 100 to 400 μm sprayed from the cooling water spray 8 and Water vapor in the exhaust gas is condensed and collected. At this time, the temperature of the cooling water 30 is 25 to
The temperature is about 35 ° C., and the exhaust gas 29 is cooled to about 40 ° C.

The water-recovered exhaust gas 28 that has exited the water recovery device housing 7a is reheated by the exhaust gas reheater 6 to prevent the emission of white smoke, and is then released to the atmosphere via the chimney 14. On the other hand, the high temperature recovered water 3 recovered from the water recovery port 12a
1 is sent to the economizer 21 by the pump 13 and reused as high-temperature water for humidification 33.

From the exhaust gas inlet 9a to the water recovery device housing 7a
The flue gas 29 that has flowed into the inside and swirled through the swirler 11 comes into contact with the cooling water droplets and rises in the water recovery device housing 7a while gradually exchanging heat, so that sufficient moisture is recovered. It is discharged from the water recovery device housing 7a. Water droplets with a large particle size receive a strong centrifugal force, so only heat-exchanged water vapor is condensed and recovered, and only the enlarged droplets adhere to the wall surface due to centrifugal force and fall down along the wall surface under gravity. , From the high-temperature water recovery port 12a.

At this time, small water droplets having a particle size with insufficient heat exchange, while rotating along with the flow of the exhaust gas 29, remain in the water recovery unit housing 7a until the heat exchange is sufficiently performed. . Therefore, the heat exchange time is increased by this structure, and the heat transfer of the exhaust gas and the cooling water is promoted.

Here, the water droplets having a large particle size and poor heat transfer originally receive centrifugal force due to the swirling flow and adhere to the wall surface before descending to the upstream region of the exhaust gas 29. Therefore, immediately after spraying without heat exchange. Together with the cooling water adhering to the wall surface, is collected as low-temperature recovered water 32b from a low-temperature water recovery port 12c above the high-temperature water recovery port 12a. This low temperature recovered water 32
b is sent to the cooler 19 by the pump 18a and the cooling water 3
Reused as 0. Thereby, the high-temperature water recovery port 12
From a, only the high-temperature water 31 that has sufficiently exchanged heat with the exhaust gas is recovered.

As described above with reference to various examples, the water recovery device for high-humidity exhaust gas thus formed is particularly special in a water recovery device in which exhaust gas and spray water come into direct contact. Thus, high-temperature recovered water with high effective energy can be obtained without using a device. That is, by adopting a configuration that promotes heat transfer, water can be recovered with a small temperature difference, and thus high-temperature water can be recovered with a compact and simple structure.

[0062]

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a water recovery apparatus of this kind which can recover high-temperature water having high effective energy with a compact and simple structure.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of an H gas equipped with a high-humidity exhaust gas water recovery apparatus according to the present invention
1 is a schematic system diagram showing an embodiment of an AT (high humidity gas turbine) cycle power plant.

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing another embodiment of the high humidity exhaust gas water recovery apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a vertical sectional view showing another embodiment of the high humidity exhaust gas water recovery apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view showing another embodiment of the high humidity exhaust gas water recovery apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view showing another embodiment of the high humidity exhaust gas water recovery apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a vertical sectional view showing another embodiment of the high humidity exhaust gas water recovery apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a longitudinal sectional view showing another embodiment of the high humidity exhaust gas water recovery apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a longitudinal sectional view showing another embodiment of the high humidity exhaust gas water recovery apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a longitudinal sectional view showing another embodiment of the high humidity exhaust gas water recovery apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a longitudinal sectional view showing another embodiment of the high humidity exhaust gas water recovery apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a schematic system diagram showing another embodiment of a HAT (high humidity gas turbine) cycle power plant equipped with the high humidity exhaust gas water recovery apparatus of the present invention.

[Description of Signs] 1 ... Gas turbine, 2 ... Compressor, 3 ... Generator, 4 ... Combustor, 5 ... Steam generator, 6 ... Exhaust gas reheater, 7 ... Water recovery device, 7a ... Water recovery device housing Body (exhaust gas flow path), 7b: Deformed water recovery unit housing, 8: Cooling water spray (spray device), 8a: High-temperature cooling water spray, 8b: Medium-temperature cooling water spray, 8c: Low-temperature cooling water spray , 9a
... exhaust gas inlet, 9b ... cyclone type exhaust gas inlet, 9c
... Inner cylinder, 9d ... Swirl guide plate, 10 ... Exhaust gas outlet, 1
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Swirler (rotating flow generation means), 12a ... High temperature water recovery port, 12b ... Medium temperature water recovery port, 12c ... Low temperature water recovery port, 1
3 ... pump, 14 ... chimney, 15 ... negative electrode, 16 ... positive electrode, 17 ... ultrasonic oscillator, 18a ... pump a, 18b ...
Pump b, 19: cooler, 20: regenerator, 21: economizer, 22: air cooler, 23: humidifier, 24: air, 2
5 ... Fuel, 26 ... Steam, 27 ... High-temperature exhaust gas, 28 ... Water-collected exhaust gas, 29 ... Low-temperature high-humidity exhaust gas, 30 ... Cooling water, 30a ... High-temperature cooling water, 30b ... Medium-temperature cooling water, 30c
... low-temperature cooling water, 31 ... high-temperature recovery water, 32a ... medium-temperature recovery water, 32b ... low-temperature recovery water, 33 ... high-temperature high-pressure water, 34a ...
Low-temperature compressed air, 34b: High-temperature, high-humidity compressed air.

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[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] April 11, 2000 (2004.1.
1)

[Procedure amendment 1]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] Claims

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

[Claims]

[Procedure amendment 2]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0001

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a high-humidity exhaust gas water recovery apparatus and a HAT (high-humidity gas turbine) cycle power generation plant, and more particularly to cooling high-humidity exhaust gas flowing in an exhaust gas passage. sprayed with water and the exhaust gas is cooled by direct contact with cooling water having the spray and the flue gas, to a water recovery device of high humidity exhaust gas so as to recover the moisture in the exhaust gas.

[Procedure amendment 3]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0006

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

[0006] In the prior art this is to improve the power generation efficiency, until a lower temperature region, it has been shown that it is sufficient to heat recovery from the exhaust gas. However, at this time, if the high-temperature recovered water heat-exchanged upstream of the exhaust gas and the low-temperature recovered water heat-exchanged downstream of the exhaust gas are mixed, the temperature of the recovered water decreases as a whole.

[Procedure amendment 4]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0011

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

Further, in this case, the exhaust gas passage is formed such that the area of the passage group gradually increases in the gas flow direction. Further, a spray spray port of the spray device,
It is provided in multiple stages in the flow direction of the exhaust gas, and is formed so that the spray particle diameter in each stage is different. Further, a part for collecting water droplets in the exhaust gas,
It is formed so as to have a plurality of water droplet recovery ports having different recovery water temperatures. Also, among the recovered water recovered from the water droplet collection port, a portion of the relatively low temperature of the recovered water, or all, is obtained so as to re-spray the high-temperature portion of the exhaust gas.

[Procedure amendment 5]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0017

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

In addition, by employing a structure for applying vibration to the sprayed water droplets in the water recovery device using ultrasonic waves, the surface of the water droplets is disturbed and the heat transfer area is increased, so that the heat transfer from the exhaust gas to the cooling water is reduced. is promoted, also by the coolant water spray sprayed placed in multiple stages in the flow direction of the exhaust gas, cooling water temperature as well as higher the exhaust-gas upstream side, for example the particle size of the water droplets smaller etc. ho exhaust-gas upstream side, the exhaust gas And a region where the cooling water droplets sufficiently exchange heat can be widened. Therefore, heat transfer from the exhaust gas to the cooling water is promoted.

[Procedure amendment 6]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0018

[Correction method] Change

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[0018]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the illustrated embodiments. Figure 1 shows the high humidity gas
Schematic system of Binsa cycle power plant is shown. 1 is a gas turbine, 2 is a compressor, 3 is a generator, 4 is a combustor, 5 is a steam generator, and 7 is a water recovery device. In addition, 14 is a chimney.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) F02C 3/30 B01D 53/34 G (72) Inventor Shigeo Hatamiya 7-2, Omika-cho, Hitachi City, Ibaraki Prefecture No. 1 F-term in Hitachi, Ltd. Electric Power & Electric Development Laboratory 4D002 AA40 AC10 BA02 BA11 BA13 BA16 BA20 CA01 DA35 EA03 GA02 GB03 HA07 HA08

Claims (10)

[Claims] An exhaust gas flow path through which exhaust gas flows, and a spraying device that sprays cooling water into the exhaust gas flow path, wherein cooling water flows into the high-humidity exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust gas flow path. In a water collection device for high-humidity exhaust gas, which cools the exhaust gas by direct contact between the exhaust gas and the sprayed cooling water and collects water droplets in the exhaust gas, A high-humidity exhaust gas, comprising: a swirl flow generating means for generating a swirling flow in the water; and a water collecting means for collecting water droplets splashed inside and outside the flow path by the centrifugal force of the swirling exhaust gas. Water recovery equipment. 2. An exhaust gas flow path through which exhaust gas flows, and a spray device for spraying cooling water into the exhaust gas flow path, wherein cooling water is contained in high-humidity exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust gas flow path. In a water collection device for high-humidity exhaust gas, which cools the exhaust gas by direct contact between the exhaust gas and the sprayed cooling water and collects water droplets in the exhaust gas, A high-humidity exhaust gas water collecting apparatus, further comprising: a swirling flow generating means for generating a swirling flow; and a water collecting means for collecting water droplets attached to an exhaust gas path wall surface in the exhaust gas path. 3. The high-humidity exhaust gas water recovery apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the exhaust gas flow path is formed so that a cross-sectional area of the flow path gradually increases in a gas flow direction. 4. The spraying device according to claim 1, wherein the spraying ports of the spraying device are provided in multiple stages in the flow direction of the exhaust gas, and are formed so that the spray particle diameter in each stage is different from each other. High humidity exhaust gas water recovery equipment. 5. A part for collecting water droplets in the exhaust gas,
The water recovery device for high-humidity exhaust gas according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a plurality of water droplet recovery ports having different recovery water temperatures. 6. A part or all of recovered water having a low temperature as a whole among recovered water recovered from the water droplet recovery port.
The high-humidity exhaust gas water recovery device according to claim 5, wherein the high-temperature portion of the exhaust gas is resprayed. 7. An exhaust gas flow path through which exhaust gas flows, and a spraying device for spraying cooling water into the exhaust gas flow path, wherein cooling water is contained in high-humidity exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust gas flow path. In a water recovery device for high-humidity exhaust gas, which cools the exhaust gas by direct contact between the exhaust gas and the sprayed cooling water, and collects water droplets in the exhaust gas. A high-humidity exhaust gas water recovery device, comprising: an ultrasonic generator for applying vibration to sprayed spray droplets, wherein vibration is applied to spray droplets in exhaust gas to promote heat transfer. 8. An exhaust gas flow path through which exhaust gas flows, and a spraying device for spraying cooling water into the exhaust gas flow path, wherein cooling water is contained in high-humidity exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust gas flow path. In a water recovery device for high-humidity exhaust gas, the exhaust gas is cooled by direct contact between the exhaust gas and the sprayed cooling water, and water droplets in the exhaust gas are collected. A high-humidity exhaust gas water recovery apparatus characterized in that the cross-sectional area of the flow path is gradually changed in the direction, so that the flow rate of the exhaust gas is varied. 9. An exhaust gas flow path through which exhaust gas flows, and a spray device for spraying cooling water into the exhaust gas flow path, wherein the cooling water flows into the high-humidity exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust gas flow path. A high-humidity exhaust gas water recovery device that cools the exhaust gas by direct contact between the exhaust gas and the sprayed cooling water and collects water droplets in the exhaust gas. An electric field device for applying an electric field between the spray port of the apparatus and the recovery port for collecting the water droplets is provided, and the spray droplets in the exhaust gas are charged or polarized to change the flow velocity or flow direction of the spray droplets. A water recovery device for high-humidity exhaust gas. 10. Cooling water is sprayed and supplied into high-humidity exhaust gas flowing in an exhaust gas passage, and the exhaust gas is cooled by direct contact between the exhaust gas and the sprayed cooling water to recover water in the exhaust gas. In the water recovery method for high-humidity exhaust gas, the cooling water is spray-supplied into the exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust gas channel, and a swirl flow is generated in the exhaust gas to generate a moisture component in the gas by centrifugal force. The water in the exhaust gas is collected by collecting the liquid droplets adhered to the wall surface by collecting the water droplets on the flow channel wall surface.