JP2001232545A - Method and device for grinding workpiece having column face - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To grind and finish a part of a surface of a workpiece 3 like a circular column face with high efficiency and high precision and economically. SOLUTION: As preparation work, a dresser (not shown) having the same shape as the workpiece is attached instead of the workpiece 3, and the dresser is moved along an auxiliary axis i-i by a workpiece slide mechanism 13 to grind and form outer periphery of a grinding wheel 10 which is a rotary grinding wheel into a rotary hyperboloid 10a. As grinding work, the workpiece 3 is attached to a workpiece holder 13a of the workpiece slide mechanism 13, and the workpiece 3 is brought into contact with the rotational hyperboloid 10a of the grinding wheel 10 for grinding by passing the workpiece 3 along the auxiliary axis i-i.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a grinding method and a grinding apparatus for a product having a cylindrical surface on a part of its surface so that the cylindrical surface can be accurately ground and finished. It can also be applied to the grinding of a column surface other than the surface.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 8 is a view for explaining a conventional technique for grinding a cylindrical surface. FIG. 8A shows a method for automatically correcting distortion of a cylindrical surface to form a true cylindrical surface. A schematic front view of a centerless grinding machine having a function, (B1) is a schematic side view showing a feed-through technique in centerless grinding, and (B2) is a schematic front view also showing a feed-through technique. FIG. 1C is a perspective view showing an example of a workpiece. The member denoted by reference numeral 1 in FIG. 8A is a grinding wheel, and is called an adjusting wheel based on its role. When the adjustment grindstone 1 is rotated clockwise (clockwise) in the drawing as shown by the arrow a while supporting the columnar workpiece 3 ′ by the adjustment grindstone 1 and the blade 2, the columnar workpiece is formed. The workpiece 3 'is rotated counterclockwise (counterclockwise) as indicated by an arrow b by friction transmission. The grinding wheel indicated by reference numeral 4 is also a grinding wheel in detail. In the present invention, a member simply referred to as a grinding wheel refers to a rotating wheel (grinding wheel) provided with rotary driving means. The rotating grindstone 4 is rotated clockwise as indicated by an arrow c, and its rotational speed is controlled so that its peripheral speed is higher than the peripheral speed of the workpiece 3 '. The workpiece 3 ′ is centerlessly supported and receives the sliding contact of the grinding wheel 4 while rotating in the direction of the arrow b. Therefore, the workpiece 3 ′ is subjected to a circular forming effect peculiar to centerless grinding, and is ground so as to approach a true cylindrical surface. . The illustrated dimension H is the center height and is set to an appropriate positive value. The angle β + angle γ is referred to as the elevation angle.

The rotation center axis X of the grinding wheel 4 is generally set horizontally. The line YY connecting the center of the grinding wheel 4 and the center of the adjusting wheel 1 is basically horizontal, but is inclined for other reasons to stabilize the support form of the workpiece 3 '. In some cases. Although the illustrated three axes X, Y, and Z are orthogonal coordinate axes, the Z axis is not necessarily vertical because the Y axis is not always horizontal as described above. When viewed from the base surface of the centerless grinding machine, X and Y are orthogonal horizontal axes. In the present invention, “substantially perpendicular” and “substantially horizontal” with respect to a coordinate axis mean that
It indicates that it is horizontal. When the workpiece has a simple columnar shape, a technique called through feed is known and widely used. This technique is
The center line of the workpiece 3 'and the center line of the adjusting grindstone 1 are shown in FIG.
As shown in (B1), it is twisted in a three-dimensional cross to give a feed angle of several degrees. The force (arrow f) applied to the workpiece by frictional transmission when the adjusting grindstone 1 rotates.
Is dissected into an arrow r and an arrow s, and the component force of the arrow r acts as a force for rotating the workpiece 3 ′, and the component force in the thrust direction (arrow s) is applied to the workpiece 3 ′. Acts as a force to move the shaft in the axial direction. In this case, in order to bring the adjusting grindstone into linear contact with the cylindrical workpiece 3 ′, the outer peripheral surface of the adjusting grindstone is formed in a “continuous shape” (rotating single-leaf hyperboloid).

[0004]

According to the centerless grinding described above, a cylindrical workpiece can be ground to a perfect cylindrical surface with high efficiency and high accuracy. However, as shown in FIG. 8C, a part of the surface has a cylindrical surface, and if the cylindrical surface does not have the entire circumference, it is difficult to perform centerless grinding. The workpiece 3 in this example has a shape obtained by vertically dividing a cylinder indicated by a virtual line, and a cylinder surface 3a and a pedestal 3b are integrally connected. In such a case, the workpiece cannot be rotated while being supported by the blade 2 and the adjusting grindstone 1.
Centerless grinding cannot be applied. What is conceivable is a step of cutting a reference cylinder drawn by a virtual line in FIG. 8C by centerless grinding, and then cutting the cylinder to cut out the pedestal 3b. However, when an experiment of machining was actually performed in accordance with the above-described steps, it was found that the following problems were present and practical use was difficult. That is, cutting the cylindrical surface 3a by centerless grinding can be performed with high efficiency and high accuracy, but it is not possible to perform the operation of cutting the pedestal 3b with high accuracy based on the cut cylindrical surface. Not easy.

However, it does not mean that it is technically impossible, but it means that it is difficult to realize industrial production in terms of economic efficiency.

In practice, a given part drawing (completed drawing)
Since the conditions such as product shape, dimensions, precision, and materials are complicatedly related to each other, it cannot be indisputable. However, under the general conditions of precision processing for industrial production in Japan at present, finishing is performed only with the above process. After all, after the above-mentioned process, the cylindrical surface 3
a must be finally finished. In view of the above circumstances, the present invention considers a member having a shape having a part of a cylindrical surface as a workpiece, and grinds the cylindrical surface with high efficiency, high precision, and economically based on a portion other than the cylindrical surface. It has been created with the aim of providing a method that can be performed and a grinding device suitable for carrying out the method of the present invention.
However, the method of the present invention and the device of the present invention are not limited to a cylindrical surface, and may be applied to, for example, an elliptical cylindrical surface, and may be applied to a cylindrical surface of any shape, though not limited thereto.

[0007]

In order to understand the basic technical idea of the present invention created to achieve the above-mentioned object, if this is considered from an extremely wide field of view, it is similar to the procedure for forming a gypsum image. ing. For example, to make a plaster image of a sculpture: a. Based on the sculpture, make a mold whose shape is negatively inverted, b. Next, the plaster image of the original shape is duplicated by the above mold. In the method of the present invention, a. Forming a grinding wheel surface (rotating hyperboloid) having a shape obtained by inverting the cylindrical surface negatively; b. Next, the cylindrical surface of the original shape is ground using the grinding wheel as a mold. The above-described technical idea is more specifically described, and is briefly described below with reference to FIG. 1 corresponding to an embodiment of the present invention. That is, in order to economically grind a part of the surface of the workpiece 3 into a cylindrical surface with high efficiency, high accuracy, and economically, a. As a preparation work, a dresser (not shown) having the same shape as the workpiece is attached in place of the workpiece 3, and the dresser is moved along the auxiliary axis ii by the work slide mechanism 13, and is rotated by a rotating grindstone. An outer periphery of a grinding wheel 10 is cut into a hyperboloid of revolution 10a. b. As a grinding operation, the workpiece 3 is moved to the work holder 13a of the work slide mechanism 13.
, And the workpiece 3 is ground by contacting with the rotating hyperboloid 10a of the grinding wheel 10 while passing the workpiece 3 along the auxiliary axis ii.

As shown in the feed-through of centerless grinding described as the prior art, when a generating line that is not parallel to the rotation center line is rotated around the rotation center line, a locus of a rotating single-leaf hyperboloid can be obtained. Is a well-known rule in solid geometry, but this rule itself is not a patentable invention. The use of the above-mentioned rule for an adjusting wheel in centerless grinding to create a technique of feed-through (although the novelty has been lost today) was a great invention of the ancestor. As will be described in detail later, the present invention utilizes the solid geometry related to the hyperboloid of revolution, but as described above, a. Apply to a grinding wheel, not to an adjusting wheel, b. Develop curvilinear, rather than linear, contact with the workpiece; c. Moving the workpiece parallel to the axis without rotating the workpiece around the axis; d. The feed angle is not several degrees but several tens degrees
Since the basic matters of the configuration are greatly different, it is a new invention with a clear inventive step, although it has commonality in that it is "use of the solid geometric rule for the hyperboloid of revolution". Please give fair evaluation based on the following explanation.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram for explaining the basic idea of the present invention, and includes (A1), (A2), and (A).
3) and (B1), (B2) and (B3) represent known processing methods, and (C1), (C2) and (C3) represent principles applied to the grinding technique of the present invention. I have. FIG.
While rotating the thick disk-shaped mold 5 around the X axis as shown in (A1), the columnar processing tool 6 is positioned parallel to the Z axis, and approached in the Y axis direction as indicated by the arrow F. Contact. Here, the mold means “a member having good workability, which is used later as a mold”. Processing tool 6
Will be considered as a round file, for example. Then
As shown in FIG. 2 (A2), the outer periphery of the mold 5 is cut into the rotating arc surface 7. Fig. 2 shows this in the Z-axis direction.
(A3). The fact that the rotating arc surface is formed in this way is temporarily stored. Next, FIG.
When the processing tool (round file) 6 is positioned parallel to the X-axis as shown in 1) and approaches and contacts in the Y-axis direction as shown by the arrow F, as shown in FIG. The outer periphery is formed on a cylindrical surface 8, and when viewed in the Z-axis direction, (B
As in 3). The fact that the cylindrical surface 8 is formed in addition to the fact that the rotary arc surface 7 is formed earlier is temporarily stored. In FIG. 2 (A1), the processing tool (round file) 6 is parallel to the Z axis, and in FIG. 2 (B1), it is parallel to the X axis. When the processing tool 6 of (A1) is turned by 90 degrees around the Y axis as indicated by an arc arrow θ, a state of (B1) is obtained. Here, when the rotation angle θ is reduced from 0 degree to less than 90 degrees, the processing tool (round file) 6 approaches the mold 5 in the Y-axis direction as indicated by an arrow F, as shown in FIG. When the contact is made, as “an intermediate phenomenon between a phenomenon in which the rotating arc surface 7 is formed and a phenomenon in which the cylindrical surface 8 is formed” in FIG.
The hyperboloid of revolution 9 is formed as in 2). This is seen in the Z-axis direction as shown in FIG. 2 (C3).

The description of FIG. 2 is based solely on the shape, but when the mold 5 is made of an abrasive material, the following is obtained. FIG. 3 is provided to explain the basic configuration of the present invention.
(A) is a schematic perspective view of a state in which a grinding wheel is being processed by a rotary dresser, (B) is a schematic perspective view of a state in which the same is also being processed by a general-purpose dresser, and (C) is as described above. FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view illustrating a state in which a workpiece is being ground by a grinding wheel that has been processed as described above. However, this is not an embodiment of the present invention. As can be inferred from the description of FIG. 2 (C2), when the rotary dresser 12a is passed through the grinding wheel 10 as shown by an arrow p as shown in FIG. 3 (A), the rotating hyperboloid 10a becomes It is formed. Similarly, the hyperboloid of revolution 10a is formed even when the mold dresser 12b having an arc-shaped cutting edge is passed as indicated by an arrow p as shown in FIG. When the workpiece 11 is passed through the grinding wheel 10 on which the rotating hyperboloid 10a is formed as described above as indicated by an arrow p, the workpiece 1
Cut into a cylindrical surface. However, a complete cylindrical surface having the entire circumference as shown in FIG. 3 (C) is not formed, and a vertically-divided cylindrical surface is formed unless the path is rotated while rotating as shown by the arc arrow φ. In the present invention, the "partial cylindrical surface" is ground by moving in parallel without rotating the arc arrow φ.

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided the method of the present invention, wherein the rotation center axis X of the grinding wheel and the Z axis located on the vertical plane including the X axis
Assuming orthogonal coordinate systems X, Y, and Z including axes, the outer peripheral surface of the grinding wheel is formed as a hyperboloid of revolution, located on the XZ plane, and X
An axis I that intersects the axis at an angle θ is set, and an auxiliary axis i that is parallel to the axis I is set, and a member having a cylindrical surface on a part of its surface is set as a workpiece, and The center line of the cylindrical surface is made to coincide with the auxiliary axis i, and the workpiece is
It is characterized in that it is moved in the direction of the auxiliary axis i, and its cylindrical surface is brought into contact with the rotating hyperboloid of the grinding wheel. According to the method of the invention described in claim 1 described above, the workpiece passes along the center axis of the cylindrical surface along the auxiliary axis i and contacts the rotating hyperboloid of the outer periphery of the grinding wheel. Grinding is performed so that the cylindrical surface becomes a true cylindrical surface. Since the auxiliary axis i is oblique to the X axis, the auxiliary axis i is twisted at a three-dimensional crossing with respect to the X axis (the rotation center line of the grinding wheel). Then, the workpiece is contacted and subjected to grinding while moving parallel to the center line of the cylindrical surface along the auxiliary axis i. Thus, the workpiece is at an angle θ with respect to the grinding wheel.
Since it passes along a trajectory only twisted, the width of the grinding wheel can be made larger than when moving along a straight line on the YZ plane. In other words, the width can be sufficiently used by using a grinding wheel having a large width. Therefore, the life of the grinding wheel is long. Here, the long life of the grinding wheel means that the cost of consumables for the grinding wheel, which is a consumable member, can be suppressed, but further, the "deformation in the depletion direction" associated with the use of the grinding wheel is repaired. Dressing operation interval has been extended,
Improve work efficiency. When grinding the "cylindrical surface of the workpiece" by the "rotational hyperboloid of the grinding wheel", the contact line between the two members is not a two-dimensional straight line, as in the conventional centerless grinding through feed. , A three-dimensional curve similar to a spiral. Therefore, the operation and effect obtained by the rotating hyperboloid of the grinding wheel in the present invention are as follows.
This is completely different from the operation and effect obtained by the rotating hyperboloid of the adjusting grindstone in the conventional centerless grinding through feed.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in addition to the constituent features of the first aspect of the present invention, a rotary dresser having a radius substantially equal to a cylindrical surface of the workpiece is used, or Using a general dresser having a cutting edge having a shape corresponding to the cylindrical surface, moving the rotary dresser or the general dresser along the auxiliary axis i while rotating the grinding wheel around the X axis. By grinding the rotating hyperboloid, or rotating the grinding wheel around the X-axis,
The method is characterized in that the rotating hyperboloid is cut by controlling the traverse and the outer peripheral surface of the grinding wheel is truing and / or dressing.
According to the method of the present invention described above, the hyperboloid of revolution on the outer periphery of the grinding wheel for grinding the cylindrical surface of the workpiece to an accurate cylindrical surface is trued quickly, easily and with high accuracy, and And / or dressing.
When the invention of this claim is applied, the hyperboloid of revolution formed on the outer peripheral surface of the grinding wheel serves as a “broad mold” in order to finish the cylindrical surface of the workpiece as a product into an accurate cylindrical surface. Fulfill. That is, when the outer peripheral surface of the grinding wheel is obliquely pass-processed (moved along the auxiliary axis i) by the rotary dresser having the same radius as the cylindrical surface as the processing object, the outer peripheral surface of the grinding wheel becomes the cylindrical surface. It is formed on a hyperboloid of revolution corresponding to the radius. (If this phenomenon is metaphorically expressed, it can be said that the element of the cylindrical surface of the dresser has been transferred to the outer peripheral surface of the grinding wheel.) Next, when the cylindrical surface of the workpiece is ground on the outer peripheral surface of the grinding wheel, the cylindrical surface corresponding to the hyperboloid of revolution is cut (the metaphor of the dresser cylindrical surface transferred to the grinding wheel is metaphorical). The element has been retransferred to the cylindrical surface of the workpiece). As described above, the same cylindrical surface as that represented by the rotary dresser is cut in the workpiece. Therefore, the radius of the rotary dresser is set to be the same as the radius of the cylindrical surface of the target product. As described above, the transfer of the cylindrical surface element between the dresser and the outer peripheral surface of the grinding wheel is performed not only by the rotary dresser but also by the full dresser. In this case, basically, a general dresser having an arc-shaped cutting edge having the same radius as the cylindrical surface of the target product will be used, but the cutting of an elliptical arc having the same minor diameter as the radius of the cylindrical surface of the target product will be used. It is not impossible to use a full dresser with blades. It is not impossible to imagine a complete dresser having a cutting edge composed of a three-dimensional curve other than an elliptic arc. The collective dresser having a cutting edge having a shape corresponding to the cylindrical surface is a general term for these various collective dressers. If the radius value of the cylindrical surface of the workpiece and the inclination angle of the auxiliary axis i (the angle corresponding to the feed angle in centerless grinding) are given, the rotational hyperboloid is three-dimensional.
This is a curved surface that can be handled by the following equation, and the “cross-sectional shape by a plane including the X axis” of the hyperboloid of revolution is a curve that can be expressed by a binary quadratic equation. Accordingly, it is possible to perform truing and / or dressing by NC driving while the single-stone dresser is traversed with respect to the grinding wheel, and there is an advantage that the construction can be automatically performed with high precision. However, traverse generally means moving in parallel with respect to a rotation axis.
It is intended to include moving in parallel with the auxiliary axis i.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in addition to the constituent features of the first aspect of the present invention, the workpiece is moved in the direction of the auxiliary axis i so that the workpiece is a grinding wheel. The process from the point where the contact starts to the point where the contact is terminated to the point where the contact is separated is defined as one pass. When one pass is completed by moving the workpiece along the auxiliary axis i, the dimension corresponding to about 1 / n of the allowance is obtained. Only by making the auxiliary axis i relatively approach to the I axis to give a cut, move along the auxiliary axis i in the opposite direction, and after moving one pass, cut about 1 / n And by repeating the reciprocating movement of the workpiece as described above, thereby performing n-pass contact. According to the above-described method of the present invention, grinding can be performed with high precision by grinding and removing the allowance dimension into n pieces. The cut in the present invention is sufficient if the I axis and the auxiliary axis i are relatively close to each other. That is, the path of the workpiece may approach the grinding wheel, the grinding wheel may approach the path of the workpiece, or both may approach each other. Then, by performing the n-pass grinding by dividing the above-described cut size into n pieces, the light grinding is repeated n times, thereby reducing the distortion applied to the workpiece support mechanism and reducing the generation of the grinding heat. Suppressing and enabling high-precision and good-grinding surface finish. Since the numerical value of n in the present invention can be set arbitrarily and arbitrarily, the efficiency of the grinding operation can be increased by reducing the value of n within an allowable range.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, a member having a columnar surface formed by a trajectory in which a generating line guided by a curve resembling an arc moves in parallel is used as a workpiece.
In the above method for grinding a columnar surface, the rotation center line of the grinding wheel is set as the X axis, and an orthogonal coordinate system X, Y, Z including a Z axis located on a vertical plane including the X axis is assumed, and X-Z An axis I that is located on the surface and intersects the X axis at an angle θ is set, and an auxiliary axis i that is parallel to the axis I is set, and has a cutting edge having the same shape as the non-circular curve. The mold dresser is moved along the auxiliary axis i, the cutting edge is brought into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the rotating grinding wheel, and the grinding wheel is trued and / or dressed to thereby form the grinding wheel. Is formed in a shape similar to a hyperboloid of revolution, and the workpiece is translated along the auxiliary axis i while the generatrix of the columnar surface of the workpiece is parallel to the auxiliary axis i. Characterized in that the columnar surface is brought into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the grinding wheel. According to the method of the invention described in claim 4, a member having a columnar surface other than a cylindrical surface is used as a workpiece, and the columnar surface is ground to a desired shape with high efficiency, high accuracy, and economically. Can be finished. Although it cannot be applied to all columnar surfaces other than a true cylindrical surface,
It is suitable for application to a columnar surface similar to a cylinder, for example, an elliptical cylinder. In short, to "highly accurate, efficient, and economical grinding" the "columnar surface obtained as a trajectory when the bus is moved in parallel along a curve similar to an arc with a circumferential angle of less than 90 degrees" Can be. Here, "can be ground and finished" means that a material having a low precision surface having an appropriate allowance as compared with the target shape is used as a workpiece to cut the surface of the target shape with high precision. It is. For example, it is not recommended to cut a curved surface from a square bar because it is not economically feasible, if not impossible.However, for example, it was almost precisely cast into the target shape or formed by ordinary machining. It is suitable for obtaining a product of a desired shape by grinding a member.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the components of the first to fourth aspects of the present invention,
Using a centerless grinding machine comprising a grinding wheel, an adjusting wheel, and a blade, having a slide mechanism for cutting and feeding the adjusting wheel and the blade relatively close to and away from the grinding wheel, The outer peripheral surface of the grinding wheel that constitutes the centerless grinding machine is formed into a curved surface similar to a hyperboloid of revolution or a hyperboloid of revolution, and a cylindrical surface or an arbitrary shaped cylindrical surface formed on a part of the workpiece, By contacting the hyperboloid of revolution or a curved surface similar to the hyperboloid of revolution of the grinding wheel, the centerless grinding machine can be stored without losing the original `` function of grinding the entire circumference of the cylindrical surface ''. Up to this point, the "workpiece having a columnar surface" is forcibly translated in a temporary or permanent manner to grind the columnar surface of the workpiece. According to the method of the invention described in claim 5, a new technology which has reached a technical maturity level and is about to be developed using a centerless grinding machine which is industrially produced and widely used. Based on this, the column surface can be ground with high efficiency and high accuracy. The centerless grinding, which is a known technique, can grind the entire outer peripheral surface of a cylinder, whereas the invention according to the present invention can grind only a part of the cylinder surface (less than 90 degrees in circumferential angle). Although there is a restriction, the application range of the centerless grinding is limited to the cylindrical surface. In contrast, in the present invention, not only the cylindrical surface but also the cylindrical surface similar to the cylindrical surface ( For example, an elliptic cylinder surface is also applicable, so that the versatility is large. The fact that the invention of claim 5 can grind only a part of the columnar surface is a disadvantage in comparison with the known centerless grinding technology, but is also an advantage in that. That is, when, for example, "a member in which a part of the surface of the workpiece is a columnar surface and the other part is a pedestal made of a plane" is ground and finished, it is significantly more advantageous than centerless grinding.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there are provided three orthogonal axes X, Y and Z including a horizontal X axis, a substantially horizontal Y axis, and a substantially vertical Z axis. A grinding wheel that is positioned on the Z plane and intersects the X axis at an angle θ and an auxiliary axis i that is parallel to the axis I and that rotates about the X axis; And a guide frame for guiding the work holder so as to be translated along the auxiliary axis i, and a driving means for reciprocating the work holder along the guide frame. It is characterized by doing. According to the apparatus of the sixth aspect described above, the outer peripheral surface of the grinding wheel is formed as a hyperboloid of revolution, and the processed portion of the workpiece mounted on the work holder is moved along the auxiliary axis i. By performing the parallel movement, the processed portion can be ground and finished into a cylindrical surface. When grinding is performed in this manner, the relative positional relationship between the “positioning and mounting location of the workpiece with respect to the work holder” and the “cylindrical workpiece to be processed” can be accurately determined. Since the finishing is performed, after the workpiece (cylindrical surface) is finish-ground by the apparatus of the present invention, there is no need for machining for correcting the positional relationship between the positioning attachment portion and the cylindrical workpiece.

Further, if the outer peripheral surface of the grinding wheel is formed into a "shape similar to a hyperboloid of revolution", a shape similar to a cylindrical surface (for example, an elliptical cylindrical surface) can be ground. Great versatility.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in addition to the constituent features of the sixth aspect of the present invention, the work holder has a function of detachably holding a workpiece and a dresser capable of attaching and detaching a dresser. Truing and / or dressing can be performed by attaching a dresser to the work holder and moving the work holder along a guide frame. According to the apparatus of the seventh aspect described above, the outer peripheral surface of the grinding wheel of the grinding apparatus according to the sixth aspect is rotated using a main part of the apparatus according to the sixth aspect. Can be trued to a curved surface similar to the above, and can be dressed. Since truing and dressing are performed by using the main part of the same grinding device as it is, a part of various errors are canceled out, and accurate truing and dressing can be performed. In addition, since the main part of the grinding device is used as it is, truing and dressing can be performed without using a dedicated truing machine or a dedicated dressing machine, and equipment costs are reduced.
The required man-hours for maintenance are also reduced.

The structure of the invention device according to claim 8 is the same as that of the invention device according to claim 6 or claim 7,
A mechanism is provided for adjusting an angle θ formed by an I axis, which is a reference of an auxiliary axis i for determining a guide direction of the guide frame, with respect to an X axis, which is a rotation center of the grinding wheel, and a guide frame is provided for the grinding wheel. And a mechanism for adjusting the relative position of the guide frame with respect to the grinding wheel in the Z-axis direction is provided. According to the above-described apparatus of the eighth aspect of the present invention, the auxiliary shaft i is set in accordance with various conditions relating to the workpiece, particularly the magnitude of the circumferential angle of the arc appearing in the cross-sectional shape of the columnar portion as the workpiece surface. It is possible to arbitrarily set the angle θ (the angle corresponding to the feed angle in continuous feed) that is three-dimensionally twisted with respect to the X axis. As a result, the shape, dimensions, tolerance,
In consideration of the material and the like, the columnar surface of the workpiece can be ground and finished under the most appropriate conditions. Further, since an adjusting mechanism for moving the guide frame toward and away from the grinding wheel is provided, a cutting feed can be given by an operation of shortening the distance between both members.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the constituent features of any of the sixth to eighth aspects, the means for driving the work holder along the guide frame includes a guide frame. A feed screw disposed in parallel with the auxiliary axis i, which is the guide direction of the above, a female screw member or a ball screw receiving member screwed to the feed screw, and a forward, reverse, and rotatable rotary drive of the feed screw. A speed-adjustable drive motor. According to the ninth aspect of the present invention, the work holder is moved along the auxiliary shaft i via the feed screw by the forward / reverse drive motor, so that the workpiece is placed on the outer peripheral surface of the grinding wheel. On the other hand, it is translated in a three-dimensional manner while maintaining a predetermined relationship. This guarantees a high-precision grinding finish. In addition, since the rotation speed of the drive motor is adjustable, the moving speed of the workpiece in the direction of the auxiliary axis i can be arbitrarily set, thereby making it possible to substantially adjust the cutting feed speed. it can.

According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the constituent features of any one of the sixth to ninth aspects of the present invention, the work holder and the guide frame are separately provided. A mechanism dedicated to truing and / or dressing is provided, and the mechanism dedicated to truing and / or dressing has a member for supporting the single-stone dresser, and also converts the single-stone dresser to the grinding wheel via the support member. A reciprocating drive mechanism for performing NC control such that the single-stone dresser moves forward and backward in the cutting direction with respect to the grinding wheel while traversing the single-stone dresser, or a reciprocating drive mechanism for performing copying control is provided. According to the apparatus of claim 10 described above,
Using a single stone dresser, the outer peripheral surface of the grinding wheel can be cut into a hyperboloid of revolution or a curved surface similar to the hyperboloid of revolution. In the apparatus according to the present invention, the function of using a general dresser or a rotary dresser is not lost.
Therefore, it is possible to properly use any of the general dresser, the rotary dresser and the single stone dresser according to the working conditions.

According to an eleventh aspect of the present invention, in addition to the constituent features of the sixth or seventh aspect of the present invention, the grinding wheel is combined with an adjusting wheel and a blade, and A single independent centerless grinding machine is provided with a dressing mechanism having a function of forming the outer periphery of the grindstone into a cylindrical surface or a conical surface. The work slide mechanism is installed separately from the "dressing mechanism for forming the surface and the conical surface", or the work slide mechanism can be detachably mounted. A guide frame that guides the user to translate along and
Means for reciprocatingly driving the work holder along the guide frame, and means for supporting the guide frame are provided, the relative position of the guide frame with respect to the grinding wheel, and the guide with respect to the X axis It is characterized in that the inclination angle of the frame can be adjusted. According to the apparatus of the eleventh aspect described above, a centerless grinding machine, which has reached a technically mature level, is used as a base body, and a work slide mechanism is attached to the centerless grinding machine. Surface grinding device ". Moreover, the known centerless grinding and the new columnar grinding can be arbitrarily used without losing the original function of the centerless grinding machine. For example, a grinding wheel slide mechanism in a known centerless grinding machine can be used as it is as a cutting feed mechanism in a new columnar surface grinding, and there are many matters that are effective in reducing equipment costs.

[0023]

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention. An orthogonal coordinate system X, Y, Z, an axis I obtained by rotating the X axis around the Y axis, and an axis I FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view to which a parallel auxiliary axis i is added. X is the horizontal axis. The Y axis is orthogonal to the X axis and substantially horizontal, but may be inclined with respect to the horizontal. That is, it is a substantially horizontal coordinate axis. The Z axis is orthogonal to the axes X and Y. Therefore, it is a substantially vertical coordinate axis located in a vertical plane including the X axis. The axis I obtained by turning the X axis around the Y axis by an angle θ about the coordinate origin is I. In the present embodiment, θ is set to 70 degrees. The straight line ii shown is
The auxiliary axis is parallel to the axis I. Reference numeral 13 denotes a work slide mechanism, in which a guide frame 13c guides the work holder 13a in the direction of the auxiliary shaft i and supports a feed screw 13b along the auxiliary shaft i. The feed screw 13b is connected to a drive motor 13d.
As a result, the motor is driven to rotate forward and backward and to adjust the rotation speed. The work holder 13a has a female screw hole to be screwed with the feed screw 13b, and is reciprocated by a drive motor 13d so as to adjust the moving speed.
A ball screw may be used as the screw feed mechanism.

As shown in FIG. 1 in comparison with FIG. 2B, the "form tool 12b having an arc-shaped cutting edge" is mounted on the work holder 13a and the auxiliary shaft i , The outer peripheral surface of the grinding wheel 10 becomes a rotating hyperboloid 10
a. The hyperboloid of revolution 10 by the XZ plane
When a is cut, a virtual hyperbola h appears on the cut surface. A rotary hyperboloid 10a can be obtained similarly by moving a rotary dresser (not shown) in the direction of the auxiliary axis i in place of the mold bit 12b. A mechanism for supporting the work slide 13 and adjusting the posture thereof will be described later with reference to FIG. In FIG. 1, in order to cut the outer periphery of the grinding wheel 10 into the hyperboloid of revolution 10a, the work slide mechanism 13 must be cut and fed in the direction of arrow F. That is, the work slide mechanism 13 must be reciprocated in the Y-axis direction as shown by a reciprocating arrow f. This reciprocating movement is only required to be a relative movement with respect to the grinding wheel 10. In the present embodiment, the work slide mechanism 13 is detachably mounted on a ready-made centerless grinder as described later with reference to FIG. With this configuration, it is possible to use the cutting and feeding mechanism of the grinding wheel provided in the centerless grinding machine. When the outer peripheral surface of the grinding wheel 10 is trued on the hyperboloid of revolution 10a, the workpiece 3 is attached to the work holder 13a and is passed in the direction of the auxiliary axis i. It is ground to a cylindrical surface concentric with the axis i. If the shape of the rotating hyperboloid 10a changes by repeating the grinding, or the grindstone becomes clogged and the sharpness becomes poor,
What is necessary is just to dress by the same operation as the above-mentioned truing.

FIGS. 4A and 4B are views for explaining the support and posture adjustment mechanism of the work slide mechanism shown in FIG. 1 described above. FIG. 4A shows a view seen in the X-axis direction.
(B) is a schematic external view depicting the place viewed in the direction of the arrow F. Reference numeral 14 designates an adjusting plate to which the present invention is applied, and the adjusting wheel of a ready-made centerless grinding machine is retracted and set on the base of the centerless grinding machine. The guide frame 13c of the work slide mechanism 13 is mounted on the angle adjusting disc 14b and has an angle θ.
Can be adjusted. When the angle θ is reduced, the width of the grinding wheel can be increased, the wear progress of the grinding wheel becomes slow, and the dressing interval is extended. However, when the angle θ is reduced (see FIG. 8 (C)), the angle Ω at which the grindable cylindrical surface 3a is viewed from the center of the circle is reduced (the same is true even if the circumferential angle Ψ is reduced). . Since the angle θ can be adjusted, an appropriate value can be selected according to the working conditions. The angle adjusting disk 14b is provided with the vertical adjusting screw 1
The position in the Z-axis direction can be adjusted with 4a, and the position in the X-axis direction can be adjusted with the allowance balance adjusting screw 14c.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing the external appearance of a grinding wheel whose outer circumference is cut into a hyperboloid of revolution as viewed in the Y-axis direction, the work slide arrangement position, and the forward / backward stroke of the work holder. It is. The reciprocating arrows WS indicate the forward and backward directions of the work slide, and are parallel to the aforementioned auxiliary axis i. The inclination angle θ of the auxiliary shaft i can be changed by the angle adjusting plate shown in FIG. The illustrated dimension B is a width dimension of the grinding wheel 10, and D is a schematic diameter dimension. Synopsis is a term in mind that it can change with truing. The stroke dimension S of the work slide is the length of the area where the reciprocating arrow WS overlaps the grinding wheel width B. The minimum of the actually required stroke is a dimension S ′ obtained by adding the length S to the dimension S described above and the length of the cylindrical surface serving as the processed portion of the workpiece. Symbol 10b
The member indicated by is a pulley for rotating the grinding wheel.

FIG. 6 shows an example of a hyperboloid of revolution formed on the outer peripheral surface of the grinding wheel.
Is a two-view drawing in which an example of a workpiece to be ground by the grinding wheel is partially broken and drawn, and (B) is a hyperboloid of revolution formed on the outer periphery of the grinding wheel as a “plane including the X axis”. It is a chart of the hyperbola obtained by cutting. Such a hyperboloid of revolution can be cut by a rotary dresser as shown in FIG. 3 (A), or can be cut by a full-form dresser as shown in FIG. 3 (B). If the radius dimension of the cylindrical surface of the workpiece and the inclination angle θ of the axis I described above are given, it can be calculated by an analytical geometrical method. Once the hyperboloid of revolution (or hyperbola) has been calculated as described above, it is also possible to perform cutting by NC control while traversing a single-stone dresser (not shown) and perform cutting.

FIG. 7 shows an example in which the columnar surface of the workpiece shown in FIG. 4A is ground by using the columnar surface grinder of the embodiment configured as shown in FIGS. It is a chart showing the cutting feed, in which (A) is a cutting feed curve expressed with time taken on the horizontal axis, and (B) is drawn so as to share a time axis with the cutting feed curve. It is a stroke chart of a work slide. The allowance of this example was 0.12 mm, and the allowance was divided into six times, and 0.02 mm was removed by grinding each time to form a highly accurate cylindrical surface.
The time until the time t ₁ shown on the axis rapidly in the cutting direction to approach the grinding wheel and the workpiece slide, at time t ₂ gave 0.02 mm cutting feed, from time t ₂ in this state to t _3, the stroke S '(the sliding a distance corresponding to the stroke S shown in FIG. 5', one way only to pass). At time t ₃ , the forward stroke of S ′ is completed, and a 0.02 mm infeed is again given. Then, from time t ₃ to time t ₄ , the stroke S ′ is passed in the backward direction. Repeat the above operation three times,
From the time t ₂ to the time t _8, by 3 round-trip-six passes, 0.
Grinding is finished by giving a cutting feed of 02 × 6 = 0.12 mm, and one cycle ends at time t ₉ .

[0029]

As described above, the structure and function of the embodiment of the present invention have been clarified. According to the method of the first aspect of the present invention, the work piece is set so that the center line of the cylindrical surface is aligned with the auxiliary axis i. Since the workpiece is passed while contacting the rotating hyperboloid of the outer circumference of the grinding wheel, the workpiece is ground so that the cylindrical surface of the workpiece becomes a true cylindrical surface. Since the auxiliary axis i is oblique to the X axis, the auxiliary axis i is twisted at a three-dimensional crossing with respect to the X axis (the rotation center line of the grinding wheel). Then, the workpiece is contacted and subjected to grinding while moving parallel to the center line of the cylindrical surface along the auxiliary axis i. As described above, since the workpiece passes along the locus that is twisted by the angle θ with respect to the grinding wheel, the width of the grinding wheel is set to be larger than when the workpiece moves along a straight line on the YZ plane. Can be. In other words, the width can be sufficiently used by using a grinding wheel having a large width. Therefore, the life of the grinding wheel is long.
Here, the long life of the grinding wheel means that the cost of consumables for the grinding wheel, which is a consumable member, can be suppressed, but further, the "deformation in the depletion direction" associated with the use of the grinding wheel is repaired. The interval of dressing operation for the operation is extended, and the work efficiency is improved. "Cylindrical surface of the workpiece" by the "Hyperbolic surface of grinding wheel"
When grinding, the contact line between the two members is not a two-dimensional straight line as in the centerless grinding according to the prior art, but a three-dimensional curve similar to a spiral. Therefore, the operation and effect obtained by the rotating hyperboloid of the grinding wheel in the present invention are completely different from the operation and effect obtained by the rotating hyperboloid of the adjusting wheel in the conventional centerless grinding through feed.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the hyperboloid of revolution on the outer periphery of the grinding wheel for grinding the cylindrical surface of the workpiece to an accurate cylindrical surface is trued quickly, easily and with high precision, and / or Or it can be dressed. When the invention of this claim is applied, the hyperboloid of revolution formed on the outer peripheral surface of the grinding wheel serves as a “broad mold” in order to finish the cylindrical surface of the workpiece as a product into an accurate cylindrical surface. Fulfill. That is, when the outer peripheral surface of the grinding wheel is obliquely pass-processed (moved along the auxiliary axis i) by the rotary dresser having the same radius as the cylindrical surface as the processing object, the outer peripheral surface of the grinding wheel becomes the cylindrical surface. It is formed on a hyperboloid of revolution corresponding to the radius. (If this phenomenon is metaphorically expressed, it can be said that the element of the cylindrical surface of the dresser has been transferred to the outer peripheral surface of the grinding wheel.) Next, when the cylindrical surface of the workpiece is ground on the outer peripheral surface of the grinding wheel, the cylindrical surface corresponding to the hyperboloid of revolution is cut (the metaphor of the dresser cylindrical surface transferred to the grinding wheel is metaphorical). The element has been re-transferred to the cylindrical surface of the workpiece, and as described above, the same cylindrical surface as that represented by the rotary dresser is cut into the workpiece. Is set to be the same as the radius of the cylindrical surface of the target product.
The transfer of the cylindrical surface element between the dresser and the outer peripheral surface of the grinding wheel is performed not only by the rotary dresser but also by a full dresser. In this case, basically, a general dresser having an arc-shaped cutting edge having the same radius as the cylindrical surface of the target product will be used, but the cutting of an elliptical arc having the same minor diameter as the radius of the cylindrical surface of the target product will be used. It is not impossible to use a full dresser with blades. It is not impossible to imagine a dresser having a cutting edge composed of a three-dimensional curve other than an elliptic arc. The collective dresser having a cutting edge having a shape corresponding to a cylindrical surface is a general term for these various collective dressers. If the radius value of the cylindrical surface of the workpiece and the inclination angle of the auxiliary axis i (the angle corresponding to the feed angle in centerless grinding) are given, the above-mentioned rotational hyperboloid is treated by a cubic cubic equation. The “cross-sectional shape by a plane including the X axis” of the hyperboloid of revolution is a curve that can be expressed by a binary quadratic equation. Therefore, it is possible to perform truing and / or dressing by NC driving while traversing the single-stone dresser with respect to the grinding wheel, and there is an advantage that construction can be automatically performed with high precision. However, the traverse generally means moving in parallel with respect to the rotation axis.
And moving in parallel.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, a high-precision grinding finish can be achieved by dividing and removing the allowance dimension into n pieces. The cut in the present invention is sufficient if the I axis and the auxiliary axis i are relatively close to each other. That is, the path of the workpiece may approach the grinding wheel, the grinding wheel may approach the path of the workpiece, or both may approach each other. Then, by performing the n-pass grinding by dividing the above-described cut size into n pieces, the light grinding is repeated n times, thereby reducing the distortion applied to the workpiece support mechanism and reducing the generation of the grinding heat. Suppress, high precision,
In addition, it is possible to perform a grinding finish with a good surface condition.
Since the numerical value of n in the present invention can be set arbitrarily and arbitrarily, the efficiency of the grinding operation can be increased by reducing the value of n within an allowable range.

According to the method of the present invention, a member having a columnar surface other than a cylindrical surface is used as a workpiece, and the columnar surface is ground to a desired shape with high efficiency, high accuracy, and economically. can do. Although it cannot be applied to all columnar surfaces other than a true cylindrical surface, a columnar surface similar to a cylinder,
For example, it is suitable for application to an elliptic cylinder. In short, to "highly accurate, efficient, and economical grinding" the "columnar surface obtained as a trajectory when the bus is moved in parallel along a curve similar to an arc with a circumferential angle of less than 90 degrees" Can be. Here, "can be ground and finished" means that a material having a low precision surface having an appropriate allowance as compared with the target shape is used as a workpiece to cut the surface of the target shape with high precision. It is. For example, it is not recommended to cut a curved surface from a square bar because it is not economically feasible, if not impossible.However, for example, it was almost precisely cast into the target shape or formed by ordinary machining. It is suitable for obtaining a product of a desired shape by grinding a member.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, a new technology which has reached technical maturity and which is to be developed by using a centerless grinding machine which is industrially produced and widely used is developed. Based on this, the column surface can be ground with high efficiency and high accuracy. The centerless grinding, which is a known technique, can grind the entire outer peripheral surface of a cylinder, whereas the invention according to the present invention can grind only a part of the cylinder surface (less than 90 degrees in circumferential angle). Although there is a restriction, the application range of the centerless grinding is limited to the cylindrical surface. In contrast, in the present invention, not only the cylindrical surface but also the cylindrical surface similar to the cylindrical surface ( For example, an elliptic cylinder surface is also applicable, so that the versatility is large. The fact that the invention of claim 5 can grind only a part of the columnar surface is a disadvantage in comparison with the known centerless grinding technology, but is also an advantage in that. That is, when, for example, "a member in which a part of the surface of the workpiece is a columnar surface and the other part is a pedestal made of a plane" is ground and finished, it is significantly more advantageous than centerless grinding.

According to the apparatus of claim 6, the outer peripheral surface of the grinding wheel is formed as a hyperboloid of revolution, and the portion to be processed of the workpiece attached to the work holder is parallelized along the auxiliary axis i. By moving, the processed portion can be ground and finished to a cylindrical surface. When grinding is performed in this manner, the relative positional relationship between the “positioning and mounting location of the workpiece with respect to the work holder” and the “cylindrical workpiece to be processed” can be accurately determined. Since the finishing is performed, after the workpiece (cylindrical surface) is finish-ground by the apparatus of the present invention, there is no need for machining for correcting the positional relationship between the positioning attachment portion and the cylindrical workpiece.

Further, if the outer peripheral surface of the grinding wheel is formed into a "shape similar to a hyperboloid of revolution", a shape similar to a cylindrical surface (for example, an elliptical cylindrical surface) can be ground. Great versatility.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, the outer peripheral surface of the grinding wheel of the grinding device according to the sixth aspect is converted into a hyperboloid of revolution or a hyperboloid of revolution by utilizing a main part of the apparatus of the invention according to claim 6. It can be trued to a similar curved surface and can be dressed. Since truing and dressing are performed by using the main part of the same grinding device as it is, a part of various errors are canceled out, and accurate truing and dressing can be performed. In addition, since the main part of the grinding device is used as it is, truing and dressing can be performed without using a dedicated truing machine or a dedicated dressing machine, so equipment costs are reduced and maintenance man-hours are also reduced. You.

According to the apparatus of the present invention, the auxiliary axis i is set to X in accordance with various conditions relating to the workpiece, in particular, the magnitude of the circumferential angle of the arc appearing in the cross-sectional shape of the columnar portion as the workpiece surface. It is possible to arbitrarily set the angle θ (the angle corresponding to the feed angle in continuous feed) that is three-dimensionally twisted with respect to the axis. Thus, the columnar surface of the workpiece can be ground and finished under the most appropriate conditions in consideration of the shape, dimensions, tolerance, material, and the like of the workpiece. Further, since an adjusting mechanism for moving the guide frame toward and away from the grinding wheel is provided, a cutting feed can be given by an operation of shortening the distance between both members.

According to the ninth aspect of the present invention, since the work holder is moved along the auxiliary shaft i via the feed screw by the drive motor capable of rotating forward and backward, the workpiece is moved with respect to the outer peripheral surface of the grinding wheel. Thus, the object is translated in a three-dimensional manner while maintaining a predetermined relationship. This guarantees a high-precision grinding finish. In addition, since the rotation speed of the drive motor is adjustable, the moving speed of the workpiece in the direction of the auxiliary axis i can be arbitrarily set, thereby making it possible to substantially adjust the cutting feed speed. it can.

According to the tenth aspect of the present invention, the outer peripheral surface of the grinding wheel can be cut into a hyperboloid of revolution or a curved surface similar to the hyperboloid of revolution using a single-stone dresser.
In the apparatus according to the present invention, the function of using a general dresser or a rotary dresser is not lost. Therefore, it is possible to properly use any of the general dresser, the rotary dresser and the single stone dresser according to the working conditions.

According to the eleventh aspect of the present invention, the centerless grinding machine, which has technically matured, is used as a base,
On the other hand, a work slide mechanism is additionally provided and can be used as a "device for grinding a partial columnar surface" according to the present invention. Moreover, the known centerless grinding and the new columnar grinding can be arbitrarily used without losing the original function of the centerless grinding machine. For example, a grinding wheel slide mechanism in a known centerless grinding machine can be used as it is as a cutting feed mechanism in a new columnar surface grinding, and there are many matters that are effective in reducing equipment costs.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention, in which a rectangular coordinate system X,
FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view in which an axis I obtained by rotating Y, Z, and X axes around a Y axis, and an auxiliary axis i parallel to the axis I are added.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram for explaining a basic idea of the present invention, in which (A1), (A2), (A3), and (B)
1), (B2), and (B3) represent known processing methods, and (C1), (C2), and (C3) represent principles applied to the grinding technique of the present invention.

3A and 3B are views for explaining a basic configuration of the present invention, in which FIG. 3A is a schematic perspective view showing a state in which a grinding wheel is processed by a rotary dresser, and FIG. FIG. 3C is a schematic perspective view illustrating a state in which a workpiece is being ground by a grinding wheel processed as described above, and FIG.

FIGS. 4A and 4B are views for explaining a support and posture adjustment mechanism of the work slide mechanism shown in FIG. 1 described above, wherein FIG. 4A illustrates a view seen in the X-axis direction, and FIG. It is the schematic external view which drew the place seen in the anti-arrow F direction.

FIG. 5 is an operation explanatory view in which an arrangement position of a work slide and a forward / backward stroke of a work holder are added to an external view of a grinding wheel whose outer periphery is cut into a hyperboloid of revolution viewed in the Y-axis direction.

FIG. 6 is a view for explaining an example of a hyperboloid of revolution formed on the outer peripheral surface of the grinding wheel, and FIG. 6 (A) is a partially broken example of the workpiece to be ground by the grinding wheel; (B) is a hyperbolic chart obtained by cutting a hyperboloid of revolution formed on the outer circumference of the grinding wheel along a “plane including the X axis”.

FIG. 7 is a cut feed in one example in which the columnar surface of the workpiece shown in FIG. 4 (A) is ground using the column surface grinder of the embodiment configured as shown in FIGS. 1 and 4; (A) is a cutting feed curve expressed by taking time on the horizontal axis, and (B) is a work slide drawn so as to share a time axis with the cutting feed curve. It is a stroke chart.

FIG. 8 is a view for explaining a conventional technique of grinding a cylindrical surface, in which (A) is a center provided with a circular forming function of automatically correcting distortion of the cylindrical surface to cut a true cylindrical surface. (B1) is a schematic side view showing a feed-through technique in centerless grinding, (B2) is a schematic front view showing the same feed-through technique, and (C). FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing an example of a workpiece.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Adjustment whetstone, 2 ... Blade, 3 ... Workpiece having a cylindrical surface, 3 '... Cylindrical workpiece, 3a ... Cylinder face, 3b ...
Pedestal, 4 ... grinding wheel, 5 ... mold, 6 ... processing tool, 7 ...
Rotating arc surface, 8 ... cylindrical surface, 9 ... rotating hyperboloid, 10 ... grinding wheel, 10a ... rotating hyperboloid, 10b ... pulley for driving,
10c: Hyperbolic, 11: Workpiece, 12a: Rotary dresser, 12b: Complete dresser, 13: Work slide mechanism, 13a: Work holder, 13b: Feed screw, 1
3c: guide frame, 13d: drive motor, 14: adjustment board, 14a: vertical adjustment screw, 14b: angle adjustment plate, 1
4c ... balance adjustment screw.

Claims (11)

[Claims] 1. An orthogonal coordinate system X, Y, Z including a rotation center axis X of a grinding wheel and a Z axis located on a vertical plane including the X axis.
Assuming that, the outer peripheral surface of the grinding wheel is formed as a hyperboloid of revolution, an axis I located on the XZ plane and intersecting at an angle θ with respect to the X axis is set, and an auxiliary parallel to the axis I is set. An axis i is set, a member having a cylindrical surface on a part of its surface is defined as a workpiece, and the center line of the cylindrical surface of the workpiece is made to coincide with the auxiliary axis i. A method for grinding a workpiece having a columnar surface, wherein the workpiece is moved in the i-direction and the cylindrical surface is brought into contact with the rotating hyperboloid of the grinding wheel. 2. The grinding wheel is formed by using a rotary dresser having a radius substantially equal to the cylindrical surface of the workpiece, or by using a general dresser having a cutting blade having a shape corresponding to the cylindrical surface. By rotating the rotary dresser or the general dresser along the auxiliary axis i while rotating about the X axis, the rotary hyperboloid is ground, or the grinding wheel is rotated around the X axis. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the rotating hyperboloid is ground by rotating the single-stone dresser under NC control while rotating, and the outer peripheral surface of the grinding wheel is truing and / or dressing. 3. A method for grinding a workpiece having the described columnar surface. 3. A process in which the workpiece is moved in the direction of the auxiliary axis i, and a process from a point where the workpiece starts to contact the grinding wheel to a point where the contact ends and separates from the grinding wheel is defined as one pass. When one pass is completed by moving the workpiece along the auxiliary axis i, the auxiliary axis i is relatively approached to the I axis by a dimension corresponding to about 1 / n of the allowance, and a cut is given. After moving along the axis i in the opposite direction and moving one pass, a cut of about 1 / n is given, and by repeating the reciprocating movement of the workpiece as described above, the contact of the n-pass is established. The method for grinding a workpiece having a columnar surface according to claim 1, wherein the method is performed. 4. A method for grinding a columnar surface using a member having a columnar surface formed by a trajectory in which a generatrix guided by a curve similar to an arc moves in parallel, the method comprising: Assuming a rectangular coordinate system X, Y, Z including a Z-axis positioned on a vertical plane including the X-axis, with the line as the X-axis, positioned on the X-Z plane and intersecting with the X-axis at an angle θ. Along with setting the axis I, setting the auxiliary axis i parallel to the axis I, moving the dresser having a cutting edge having the same shape as the non-circular curve, along the auxiliary axis i, By bringing the cutting edge into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the rotating grinding wheel, truing and / or dressing the grinding wheel, the outer peripheral surface of the grinding wheel is formed into a shape similar to a rotating hyperboloid, The generatrix of the columnar surface of the workpiece is parallel to the auxiliary axis i. A method of grinding a workpiece having a columnar surface, wherein the workpiece is moved in parallel along the auxiliary axis i while the columnar surface is in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the grinding wheel. . 5. A centerless grinding machine comprising a grinding wheel, an adjusting wheel, and a blade, and having a slide mechanism for cutting and feeding the adjusting wheel and the blade relatively to and away from the grinding wheel. Utilizing, forming the outer peripheral surface of the grinding wheel constituting the centerless grinding machine into a hyperboloid of revolution or a curved surface similar to the hyperboloid of revolution, and a cylindrical surface or an arbitrary shape formed on a part of the workpiece By contacting the cylindrical surface of the grinding wheel with a rotating hyperboloid or a curved surface similar to the rotating hyperboloid of the grinding wheel, the original function of the centerless grinding machine inherently “the function of grinding the entire circumference of the cylindrical surface without center” is lost. Claims: Grinding a columnar surface of a workpiece by temporarily or permanently forcibly translating the "workpiece having a columnar surface" while preserving the workpiece without causing any problem. A method for grinding a workpiece having a columnar surface according to any one of claims 1 to 4. 6. An orthogonal three axes X, Y, and Z including a horizontal X axis, a substantially horizontal Y axis, and a substantially vertical Z axis are set, and the X axis is positioned on an XZ plane. An axis I that intersects the axis at an angle θ, and an auxiliary axis i that is parallel to the axis I, a grinding wheel that rotates about the X axis, and a work holder that fixedly holds the workpiece. A guide frame that guides the work holder so as to move in parallel along the auxiliary axis i; and a driving unit that reciprocates the work holder along the guide frame.
Grinding device for workpieces with column surfaces. 7. The work holder has a function of detachably holding a workpiece and a function of detachably holding a dresser. The work holder is provided with a dresser, and is provided along a guide frame. 7. The apparatus for grinding a workpiece having a columnar surface according to claim 6, wherein truing and / or dressing can be performed by moving the workpiece. 8. A mechanism for adjusting an angle θ formed by an I axis, which is a reference of an auxiliary axis i for determining a guide direction of a guide frame, with respect to an X axis, which is a center of rotation of the grinding wheel, is provided. And an adjustment mechanism for relatively moving the guide frame toward and away from the grinding wheel, and a mechanism for adjusting the relative position of the guide frame with respect to the grinding wheel in the Z-axis direction is provided. The apparatus for grinding a workpiece having a columnar surface according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: 9. A means for driving the work holder along the guide frame, wherein the means for screwing the feed screw disposed in parallel with the auxiliary shaft i which is the guide direction of the guide frame is engaged with the feed screw. 9. The motor according to claim 6, further comprising: a female screw member or a ball screw receiving member; and a drive motor for rotating and driving the feed screw, the drive motor being capable of rotating forward and backward and adjusting the rotation speed. 10. An apparatus for grinding a workpiece having a columnar surface as described in 1 above. 10. A mechanism dedicated to truing and / or dressing is provided separately from the work holder and the guide frame, and the mechanism dedicated to truing and / or dressing is a member for supporting a single-stone dresser. And a reciprocating drive mechanism that NC-controls the single-stone dresser forward and backward in the cutting direction with respect to the grinding wheel while traversing the single-stone dresser with respect to the grinding wheel via the support member, or The apparatus for grinding a workpiece having a column surface according to any one of claims 6 to 9, further comprising a reciprocating drive mechanism for controlling. 11. The grinding wheel according to claim 1, further comprising a dressing mechanism combined with an adjusting wheel and a blade and having a function of forming the outer periphery of the grinding wheel into a cylindrical surface or a conical surface. In addition, the centerless grinding machine is provided with a work slide mechanism separately from the “dressing mechanism for forming a cylindrical surface and a conical surface”, or a work slide mechanism. The work slide mechanism includes a guide frame that guides the work holder to move in parallel along a straight line, and a reciprocating drive that moves the work holder along the guide frame. Means for supporting the guide frame, and a guide frame for the grinding wheel is provided. 11. A cover having a columnar surface according to claim 6, wherein a relative position of the system and an inclination angle of the guide frame with respect to the X axis can be adjusted. Workpiece grinding equipment.