JP2001231497A - Functional food - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable a functional food for promoting the diuretic while simultaneously cleaning the blood without excessively restricting the diet to be safely and inexpensively supplied in large amount. SOLUTION: This functional food contains chondroitin sulfuric acid derived from the nasal cartilage of a salmon or a trout, and sap of a tree belonging to the genus Butula of Betulaceae. In one case, the functional food is a soft jerry shape consisting essentially of the chondroitin sulfuric acid, and in the other case, the functional food is a liquid drink consisting essentially of the sap of the tree belonging to the genus Butula of Betulaceae. The chondroitin sulfuric acid is preferably obtained by pulverizing the nasal cartilage of the salmon or the trout, removing the fat from the pulverized product, decomposing the resultant product by using an alkali, subjecting the decomposed product to oxygen treatment, and purifying and extraction-treating the oxygen treated material, and the pulverizing of the nasal cartilage of the salmon or the trout is preferably carried out under a low temperature condition of -30 to -60 deg.C.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a functional food containing chondroitin sulfate, and more particularly to a technique for mass-producing and safely producing a functional food for reducing obesity, joint pain and ventilation.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A so-called functional food which gives good results to health can be easily taken in daily life habits and its prescription is not limited as in pharmaceuticals. Consumes certain ingredients continuously as part of a diet.

[0003] Health foods that have recently become known include those supplemented with vitamins and those that strengthen bones. The food according to the present invention mainly reduces obesity, joint pain and ventilation. The cause, whether obese or joint pain, is thought to be heterogeneous and ingesting the food does not immediately resolve health problems. However, symptoms such as obesity, joint pain and gout have certain common trends or correlations. Obesity is the most basic cause of overeating. Although it can not be called a disease in itself, the history of arthralgia or gout associated with obesity can be said to be medically harmful to health, and it is related to food causes such as excessive uric acid and decreased body function. Will be

Regarding this point, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-25 / 1995
The invention described in Japanese Patent No. 5416 is known. This is a functional food containing, as a main component, chondroitin sulfate (mucopolysaccharide) obtainable from shark fin or the like, and is a chondroitin sulfate to which essential trace minerals such as selenium are added. In the present invention, it has been pointed out that chondroitin sulfate is effective in preventing aging and nourishing tongue for a long time.For selenium, it becomes a component of glutathione peroxidase in the body, and a chain-reactive tissue caused by lipid peroxide. It is said that it is effective in preventing aging and, in particular, in preventing dysfunction.

The invention described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-308169 has pointed out that a malo extract obtained from animal bone marrow, in particular, a mucopolysaccharide typified by chondroitin sulfate exhibits various components with a physiologically active function. This is considered to be a component excellent in rheumatic effect.

[0006] On the other hand, for birch (including other birch trees such as birch birch; the same applies hereinafter), a technique of applying an effective extract from a mycelium of a birch on a sawdust as a medium to apply it to a drug or a food. Has been proposed (JP-A-10-323168).
In this proposal, it is pointed out that an anticancer component can be extracted from an extract of birch.

[0007]

The fact that chondroitin sulfate acts on the joints of the human body such as rheumatism and obtains good results is as pointed out in the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 7-255416. It is well known and described in the literature on food medicine.

[0008] A problem with chondroitin sulfate is that the production cost is significantly increased because shark fin or bovine bone marrow is used as a main raw material. Acquisition of chondroitin sulfate, which has been known for a long time, is mainly derived from shark fins (sharks). At present, the selling transaction price of 1 kg is 150,000 to 160,000 yen on average.

[0009] The daily intake of chondroitin sulfate, which is effective for joint diseases, is 1 g on average. Therefore, when using chondroitin sulfate derived from shark fin, the consumer must bear at least a cost of 150 to 160 yen or more. If other components are added to this, the actual production cost alone will exceed 200 yen, and in consideration of transportation costs and sales costs, securing a minimum daily intake will impose a considerable burden. As a result, daily continuous intake is difficult.

[0010] Chondroitin sulfate derived from bovine bone marrow has a much lower bone marrow cost than shark fins. However, the yield is small compared to the weight of the raw materials, and there is a risk of infectious diseases such as mad cow disease, which leaves concerns about safety.

[0011] On the other hand, in many cases, joint diseases are often observed in obese persons, and follow a history from mild joint pain to rheumatism or gout. These causal relationships are pointed out by a decrease in cardiopulmonary function due to obesity, blood sugar, urine acidity, and the like. The necessary treatment is, first of all, prevention of excessive obesity and purification and reduction of blood acidity (sugar content).

This can be achieved most simply by restricting food and promoting diuresis. However, obesity is not considered a disease, so it is difficult to restrict food in the early stages.
Even though diuresis is promoted, mere hydration cannot purify blood or prevent obesity. Therefore, in order to enhance the diuretic effect without forcing an extreme dietary restriction, it is desired to ingest a functional component which degrades acids and sugars in the blood and rapidly excretes outside the body in addition to water.

An object of the present invention is to provide a functional food that promotes diuresis while purifying blood without excessively restricting the diet at the same time as much as possible, safely and inexpensively. .

[0014]

Means for Solving the Problems To achieve the above object, a functional food according to the present invention comprises chondroitin sulfate derived from nasal cartilage of salmon or trout and sap of a birch tree of the birch family.

The functional food may be in the form of a soft jelly containing chondroitin sulfate as a main component, and may be a liquid beverage mainly containing sap of a birch tree of the birch family.

[0016] Chondroitin sulfate is desirably crushed by crushing salmon or trout nasal cartilage, defatting it with an alkali, and then subjecting it to enzymatic treatment for purification and extraction. It is desirable to carry out under a low temperature condition of minus 30-60 ° C.

[0017]

The functional food according to the present invention contains chondroitin sulfate derived from nasal cartilage of salmon or trout, and sap of a birch tree of the birch family. Chondroitin sulfate derived from nasal cartilage of salmon or trout is used as a raw material, as compared to shark fin-derived chondroitin sulfate, the functional components finally obtained are almost the same, large quantities can be obtained, and the price is overwhelming This is because it is reduced in total. Compared to chondroitin sulfate derived from bovine bone marrow, there is no danger in terms of safety such as infectious diseases, and a large amount can be obtained at the same cost.

On the other hand, the reason for using the sap of the birch tree of the birch family is to promote the diuretic effect and purify the blood in the body. In addition, by using a sap of a birch tree of the birch family (for example, birch sap), it is possible to enhance the functionality as a food to be taken on a daily basis, such as a tranquilizing effect caused by a unique aroma. Birch sap can be obtained relatively cheaply from Hokkaido and other countries in the northern region.

When chondroitin sulfate is the main component (when the mixing ratio is increased), it becomes a jelly-like food by adding water, and when the sap of the birch tree of the birch family is used as the main component (when the mixing ratio is increased). Is a liquid beverage (drink).

Chondroitin sulfate delays glucose absorption in the intestinal tract and suppresses a sharp rise in blood sugar level. The cause of obesity is that glucose absorbed from the intestinal tract increases blood glucose (glucose concentration), and insulin is secreted from the pancreas to suppress this, and glucose is taken up by fat cells and used for fat synthesis and storage. It is considered to be the result. Therefore, when the absorption of glucose in the intestinal tract is delayed, the phenomenon that glucose is stored in fat cells due to insulin secretion is prevented, and as a result, obesity is less likely to occur even with the same dietary content.

In order to obtain chondroitin sulfate, it is desirable that the nasal cartilage of salmon or trout is crushed and defatted, decomposed with an alkali, and then subjected to enzymatic treatment for purification and extraction.
The reason why the acquisition process is performed after the pulverization is to make degreasing efficient. Although the yield percentage based on the weight of the raw material is not as large as that of shark fins, it is significantly advantageous in terms of cost. Also, compared to bovine bone marrow, the crushing process is easy as well as the weight percent obtained from the raw material, and the safety and cost are extremely advantageous.

[0022] Grind the nose cartilage of salmon or trout by minus 3
Performing under a low temperature condition of 0 to 60 ° C. prevents deterioration of chondroitin sulfate caused by heat generation during crushing,
This is to obtain more high quality chondroitin sulfate from limited raw materials. In addition, when pulverization is performed at −30 ° C. or less, fine pulverization becomes possible, and it becomes easy to make the particle size uniform.

[0023]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The following manufacturing steps are used to extract chondroitin sulfate from salmon or trout nasal cartilage.

Acquisition of Raw Materials A salmon trout head as industrial waste discharged from a fishery processing plant is obtained, and only nose cartilage is separated, except for epidermis, hard bone, meat grains, etc., at -30 ° C or lower, preferably The nasal cartilage is pulverized under the condition of −50 ° C. to obtain a main raw material. The number of revolutions of the crusher depends on the raw material shape and the overall weight. The lower the temperature during processing, the smaller the particle size.

Defatting of Cartilage A sufficient edible defatting agent (for example, acetone) is added to the crushed nose cartilage powder, and the mixture is stirred for an appropriate time, for example, for 5 to 15 minutes. The amount of acetone used is approximately equal to or more than the equivalent of the nasal cartilage powder granules as the main raw material, preferably 1.5 to 7 times. Degreasing is possible even with the same amount, but the processing time becomes longer, so the cost is calculated and the optimum amount is selected. If the amount of acetone used is increased, the treatment in the degreasing step can be shortened, but the cost is increased. Therefore, usually 1.5 to 3 times (weight ratio) acetone is used.

The degreasing treatment is preferably performed plural times.
Discard the supernatant, add new degreasing agent and stir, repeat the same process once or twice. Finally, a precipitate is obtained and dried, and if necessary, it is stored at a low temperature, for example, at about -30 ° C.

Alkaline Treatment The defatted nasal cartilage powder is dissolved in 0.2 M sodium hydroxide, heated for an appropriate time, and stirred. The temperature condition of the heating is 30 to 40 ° C, preferably 37 ° C. This is to increase the processing speed and suppress a change in components. Processing times range from 120 to 180 minutes. Thereafter, the pH is neutralized to 7.0 with acetic acid.

Pronase digestion A 0.2 M Tris-HCI buffer (pH 7.8) is added, and calcium acetate is added to a final concentration of 0.02 M. Methanol was added for preservation, and in a hot water bath at 37 ° C, 24
Warm for ~ 48 hours. During this time, stirring is performed if necessary.

Ethanol precipitation The digest is centrifuged at low temperature (eg 3-5 ° C) and the supernatant is filtered. 5% calcium acetate is added to the filtrate, and the pH is adjusted to 4.5 with acetic acid as needed. Thereafter, double the amount of ethanol is added and the mixture is left for 24-48 hours.

Washing and drying of the precipitate The ethanol solution is centrifuged at a low temperature (3 to 5 ° C.) to recover the precipitate. 80% ethanol is added thereto, and the mixture is slowly stirred for 5 to 12 hours. Here, it is centrifuged again, and washed by adding ethanol. The ethanol concentration may be reduced from the first time. The number of times of washing is 2-3 times. The precipitate is collected by centrifugation and dried by a method such as a reduced pressure method.

Purification As a pretreatment, DOWEX 50W × 2 cation exchange resin was mixed with 3N
Stir for 1-2 hours in HCL, wash with water, then 1-2 in 2N HaOH.
Stir for hours. This is repeated two to three times, and the product is washed with water. Under a suitable column (for example, a 2.5 × 40 cm column), a cotton wool is packed, and a resin is packed so that air does not enter.

Next, the obtained mucopolysaccharide (dried precipitate)
Is dissolved in a very small amount of deionized water, allowed to flow through a column, and allowed to stand (about 30 minutes). The column is flushed with approximately 4 times the resin volume of deionized water and the effluent is immediately neutralized with 1N NaOH.

For purification, the neutralized solution is dialyzed in deionized water for 2-3 days. This is concentrated, filtered using a filter, and then dried (for example, freeze-dried) to obtain salmon / trout-derived chondroitin sulfate.

By the above operation, about 1/4% by weight of chondroitin sulfate (acid mucopolysaccharide fraction) was obtained on average from defatted salmon / trout nasal cartilage. As a result of composition analysis, the chondroitin sulfate obtained in this manner was found to have a C4 position monosulfated GalNAc 28.4%, a C6 position monosulfated GalNAc 52.8%, and a C4, C6 position monosulfated GalNAc 7.8% non-sulfated. GalNAc is 11.0%, and the sulfate group distribution has a relatively random structure as compared with the conventional one, so that not only the anti-obesity effect but also a broader effect can be expected with physiological activity. However, in the present invention, it is important that chondroitin sulfate can be obtained in large quantities, at low cost, and safely.

The method of obtaining birch sap has been established, for example, the application to cosmetics has already been attempted. The present invention also uses birch sap obtained by a general acquisition method.

It should be pointed out that in recent years, techniques regarding birch sap (the same is true for birch birch sap) have been reported in other countries. Although the content of the report differs in each country, at least in Japan, Korea and China There is a common tendency in that birch sap has a diuretic effect. Even with the same tree sap. Different reports may occur due to differences in vegetation environment or differences in human bioactivity (eg, differences in dietary habits) in the area, but diuretic effects based on birch sap are basically used in the Asia Pacific coastal region. Is recognized.

The present invention focuses on this point and, in addition to chondroitin sulfate derived from salmon trout, which can be obtained in large quantities and safely, birch can be obtained in Japan and neighboring countries (Korea, northeastern China along the Pacific coast and Russia). By blending sap, it is intended to eliminate various joint pain symptoms particularly caused by obesity. Diuretic promotion has long been known to be effective for colds and various mild diseases, but it promotes the prevention of obesity and the analgesic action of joints by purifying blood due to the removal of body impurities by diuresis. Is thought to be possible.

The cost of birch sap can be kept low to some extent. This is because the demand is small. A practical problem was the production cost of chondroitin sulfate having an anti-obesity effect. By replacing this with chondroitin sulfate derived from salmon / trout, even if birch sap was added, it was about one-third of the conventional cost. The cost has enabled the production of functional foods containing both chondroitin sulfate and birch sap.
As a result, the possibility of ingesting functional foods containing both chondroitin sulfate and birch sap on a daily, continuous and long-term basis is increased, obesity is suppressed without excessive dietary restriction, and gout and rheumatism are suppressed. And other diseases can be suppressed.

Birch sap is used by filtering and sterilizing (for example, pasteurizing at low temperature) the sap obtained by perforation. It is desirable that the sap be used as it is without being subjected to filtration.
This is because, if it is filtered, the thermal efficiency is poor, and it is not preferable that lees form and become cloudy. In addition, sap does not deplete even if acquired over time. Although the amount of extravasation may decrease, a constant amount of sap can be stably secured by changing the site to be pierced.

[0040]

As described above, according to the functional food of the present invention, obesity can be reduced without excessively restricting the diet by the action of chondroitin sulfate, which delays the absorption of glucose in the intestinal tract and suppresses a rapid rise in blood sugar level. It is possible to supply a large quantity, a safe, and inexpensive functional food containing birch sap that suppresses, and at the same time, promotes diuresis while purifying blood.

[0041]

EXAMPLES Table 1 below shows examples of components of konjac jelly () grape flavor. To make it, raw materials 1 to 5 are mixed and heated and melted at 85 ° C. or higher. Next, the raw materials 6 and 7 are added to adjust the pH (preferably pH 3.8). After degassing, the raw material 8 is added, and the cup is filled at 70 ° C. This is sterilized at 80 ° C. for 30 minutes and cooled. As a gelling agent, for example, Sankara No. 1865B (trademark; Taiyo Yakuhin) is used. This is to give the product elasticity. The amount of chondroitin sulfate is in the range of 0.3 to 1 g.

[0042]

[Table 1]

Table 2 below is an example of the ingredients used for a yogurt flavored jelly drink having a smooth konjac texture. To make it, materials 1 to 6 are mixed and heated at 90 ° C. for 5 minutes to dissolve. Next, the raw material 7 is added and the pH is adjusted.
Hot pack at 90 ° C and cool to obtain product.
As the gelling agent, for example, Sankara No. 2030 is used. This is because it is excellent in heat resistance and acid resistance. The amount of chondroitin sulfate is in the range of 0.3 to 1 g.

[0044]

[Table 2]

Table 3 below shows an example of ingredients used for a grapefruit jelly drink having a smooth konjac texture. To make it, materials 1 to 5 are mixed and heated at 90 ° C. for 5 minutes to dissolve. Next, the raw material 6 is added, and the pH of the raw material 7 is adjusted. Raw material 8 is added, and hot-packed at 90 ° C. to cool and obtain a product. As the gelling agent, for example, Sankara No. 2030 is used. This is because it is excellent in heat resistance and acid resistance. The amount of chondroitin sulfate is in the range of 0.3 to 1 g.

[Table 3]

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI theme coat ゛ (Reference) A61K 35/78 A61P 3/04 A61P 3/04 19/02 19/02 19/06 19/06 A23L 2 / 00 FEF term (reference) 4B017 LC03 LE05 LG20 LK13 LP01 4B018 LB08 LE04 MD33 MD48 MD74 ME01 ME14 MF01 MF05 MF07 MF11 MF12 4C086 AA01 EA26 MA02 MA04 MA27 MA52 NA10 NA14 ZA70 ZA96 ZB15 ZC754CA02 MA27 ZA70 ZA96 ZB15 ZC75 4C088 AB25 AC08 AD11 BA06 MA08 MA27 MA52 NA10 NA14 ZA70 ZA96 ZB15 ZC75

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A functional food comprising chondroitin sulfate derived from nasal cartilage of salmon or trout and sap of a birch tree of the birch family. 2. The functional food according to claim 1, wherein the functional food is in the form of a soft jelly mainly composed of chondroitin sulfate derived from nasal cartilage of salmon or trout. 3. The functional food according to claim 1, wherein said functional food is a liquid beverage containing a sap of a birch tree of the birch family. 4. The chondroitin sulfate is characterized in that salmon or trout nasal cartilage is pulverized and defatted, decomposed with an alkali, and then subjected to enzymatic treatment for purification and extraction. Item 4. The functional food according to item 3. 5. The functional food according to claim 4, wherein the nose cartilage of salmon or trout is pulverized at a low temperature of -30 to 60 ° C.