JP2001219231A - Forming apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To unify the pressure applied to a work by an ironing die, and to easily detach the work after the plastic forming of the work is completed. SOLUTION: A forming apparatus 10 for plastic forming the work W comprises a base 12, a forming punch 14 provided on the base 12, and an annular ironing die 16 arranged above the forming punch 14. The forming punch 14 comprises a punch body 18, six punch collets 20a-20f which are engaged with the punch body 18 and separated from each other with equal angular spaces, a metal sleeve 22 which is externally fitted to the punch body 18 and the punch collets 20a-20f, and a holder 24 to hold the metal sleeve 22.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a forming apparatus for plastically working a workpiece into a predetermined shape by applying a pressing force to the workpiece with an ironing die.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For example, a molding apparatus disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 2729852 is known as a molding apparatus for plastically processing an outer ring of a constant velocity joint used for driving wheels of an automobile.

As shown in FIG. 7, this forming apparatus 1 is configured such that a work 4, for example, an outer ring for a ball joint is fitted on the tip of a punch body 3 constituting a forming punch 2, and an ironing die 5 is lowered. By applying a pressing force to the work 4, the inner peripheral surface of the work 4 is plastically worked into a predetermined shape. The punch body 3 is formed with a plurality of sliding contact surfaces 3a that are inclined at a predetermined angle in a direction approaching the axis toward the distal end thereof, and a punch collet 6 faces each sliding contact surface 3a. It is constituted so that fitting sliding contact may be carried out. The distal end of the punch collet 6 has a shape corresponding to the shape so that the inner peripheral surface of the work 4 can be formed into a predetermined shape.

After the plastic working of the work 4 is completed, the lifting plate 8 is raised under the action of the cylinder mechanism 7, and each punch collet 6 engaged with the tip of the lifting plate 8 is brought into contact with the sliding contact surface 3a. Along the axis direction. The oblique upward movement reduces the distance between the tips of the punch collets 6 as a whole, and as a result, the work 4 fitted on the tip of the punch body 3 is detached from the punch body 3. It becomes possible. That is, as the punch collet 6 slides, the distance between the opposing tips of the punch collet 6 is reduced, and a gap 9 is formed between the work 4 after the plastic working and the punch collet 6.
Is formed (see FIG. 8). The work 4 after the plastic working is removed by the punch collet 6 using the gap 9.
Let go. The separated work 4 is transferred to a post-processing step by a transfer device (not shown).

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in connection with the above-mentioned conventional molding apparatus, and minimizes the occurrence of axial misalignment between an ironing die and a molding punch. A forming device that can apply the pressing force to the work substantially uniformly by the ironing die to improve the accuracy of the plastic working of the work, and can easily remove the work after the plastic working of the work is completed. The purpose is to provide.

[0006]

According to the present invention, there is provided an ironing die for applying a pressing force to a work, a forming punch having a sliding contact surface formed to be inclined with respect to an axis, In a forming apparatus including a plurality of slidable punch collets, the forming punch includes a punch body having the sliding contact surface, a metal sleeve externally fitted to the punch body and the punch collet, and the metal sleeve. A holder for holding, and an elastic member housed in the holder, wherein when the engagement of the ironing die with the work is released, the punch collet slides by the elastic force of the elastic member. The present invention is characterized by forcibly returning to the original position along the surface (the invention of claim 1).

[0007] This makes it possible to minimize the occurrence of a misalignment between the axis of the ironing die and the axis of the punch body, so that the ironing die applies a substantially uniform pressing force to the work, and Plastic working is performed with high precision.

In the molding apparatus having the above-described configuration, the elastic member may be wound around a guide pin screwed into the holder, and may be seated on the inner wall of the holder and the holding portion of the punch collet. Good (the invention of claim 2). This is because the structure is simple and suitable for miniaturization.

It is preferable that the guide pin, the elastic member, and the sliding contact surface are arranged so as to be inclined with respect to the axis of the punch body (the invention of claim 3). Thereby, when the work is detached, as the punch collet slides on the sliding contact surface, a gap is formed between the work fitted on the punch collet and the punch collet, The work can be easily separated from the punch collet by using the gap, and the elasticity of the elastic member can be used without waste to surely and quickly return the punch collet to the original position. Can be.

Further, in the present invention, it is more preferable that the guide pin and the elastic member are arranged at the same inclination angle as the nearest sliding contact surface (the invention of claim 4). That is, according to this configuration, the elastic member is contracted at the same time as the punch collet slides along the sliding contact surface formed on the punch body, and thereafter, the punch collet is acted upon by the elastic force. Is returned to the position before sliding. At this time, since the guide pin, the elastic member, and the sliding contact surface are inclined in parallel with each other, the punch collet smoothly moves along the sliding contact surface without applying an extra load to the punch collet. It is possible to slide up and down. This eliminates the need to use a complicated mechanism such as a cylinder mechanism to slide the punch collet, so that the configuration of the molding apparatus itself can be simplified and downsized, and the molding apparatus can be manufactured at low cost. It becomes possible.

[0011]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A preferred embodiment of a molding apparatus according to the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to FIGS. Although the use of the molding apparatus is not limited, it is preferably used, for example, for manufacturing an outer ring of a constant velocity joint used for driving wheels of an automobile.

A molding apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment has a structure shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 1, the base includes a base 12, a forming punch 14 provided on the base 12, and an annular ironing die 16 disposed above the forming punch 14.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the forming punch 14 includes a punch body 18 and six punch collets 20a which are engaged with the punch body 18 and are separated from each other at an equal angle.
To 20f, the punch body 18 and the punch collet 20
a to 20f, and a holder 24 for locking the metal sleeve 22.

The punch body 18 has a generally frustoconical shape made of high-speed steel, and its tip 26 is formed substantially flat, and the other end is provided with a mounting portion 27 for mounting the metal sleeve 22 thereon.
Are provided, and three sets of opposed notch grooves 28a to 28f which are continuous from the distal end portion 26 to the mounting portion 27
8a and 28d, 28b and 28d, and 28c and 28f are formed at equal angles and spaced from each other.

The cross sections of the cutout grooves 28a to 28f are substantially wedge-shaped, and the cutout grooves 28a to 28f are inclined at a predetermined angle in a direction approaching the axis of the punch body 18 (in the oblique direction). ) Are defined by the sliding surfaces 30a to 30f and tapered surfaces 32a to 32f which are further inclined in the axial direction of the punch body 18 from the sliding surfaces 30a to 30f (see FIGS. 1 and 2).

The projections 34a to 34f sandwiched between the notches 28a to 28f have straight portions 38a to 38f extending vertically upward from the contact surface with the base 12, and the straight portions 38a to 38f. Formed portions 40a to 40f which are continuous from the portions 38a to 38f to the tip end portion 26 are formed.
reference). The surfaces of the linear portions 38a to 38f are polished with high precision, while the forming portions 40a to 40f have a predetermined curved shape in order to process the inner peripheral surface of the work W as described later. .

Each of the notched grooves 28a to 28f has 3
The set of punch collets 20a to 20f
a to 28f, punch collets 20a and 20d,
They are arranged so as to be separated from each other at an equal angle, such as 20b and 20e, and 20c and 20f, and to be opposed to each other and to be in sliding contact with each other.

The punch collets 20a to 20f are respectively provided with leg portions 44a to 44f abutting on the base 12,
A straight portion 4 extending vertically from the legs 44a to 44f.
6a to 46f, tapered portions 48a to 48f inclined by a predetermined angle with respect to the axis of the punch body 18 from the ends of the linear portions 46a to 46f, and flat portions 49a to 48 extending from the tapered portions 48a to 48f. 49f and the flat portions 49a to 49f.
Bending portions 50a to 50f continuous from 49f to tip surfaces 52a to 52f orthogonal to the axis of the punch body 18.
And

Holes 54a to 54f are formed in the holding portions 53a to 53f extending in the direction in which the legs 44a to 44f expand in the drawing (see FIGS. 1 and 2). The axes of the holes 54a to 54f are shown in FIGS.
As can be easily understood from FIG.
Extend at an angle parallel to.

The linear portions 46a-4a formed on the punch collets 20a-20f are similar to the linear portions 38a-38f formed on the convex portions 34a-34f.
The surface of 6f is polished with high precision. The straight portions 38a to 38f provided on the protrusions 34a to 34f of the punch body 18 and the punch collets 20a to 20f
As described above, the straight portions 46a to 46f provided in the punch body 18 and the punch collets 20a to
An annular metal sleeve 22 having a claw portion 22a formed at one end is externally fitted so as to concentrically maintain 0f and 0f (see FIGS. 1 and 2). The metal sleeve 22 is mounted on a mounting portion 27 formed on the punch body 18, and its periphery is held by a holder 24.

The holder 24 has a chamber 57 formed therein, a claw 59 around a lower end thereof, and an opening 61 substantially at the center thereof. The claw portion 59 is mounted on the base 12, and the opening 61 is provided with the metal sleeve 22.
The punch body 18 and the punch collets 20a to 20f, which are fitted outside, penetrate. The flat top surface 63 of the holder 24 has a plurality of bolt holes 5 arranged at equal intervals.
5, a bolt 56 is passed through the bolt hole 55, and the holder 24 is screwed and fixed to the base 12 (FIG. 2).
reference).

The top flat surface 63 of the holder 24 is formed with a plurality of screw holes 58a to 58f spaced at equal angles about the axis of the punch body 18 (see FIGS. 2 and 3). The inclination angles of these screw holes 58a to 58f are substantially the same as those of the holes 54a to 54f.

In the chamber 57, the screw holes 58a to 58a
One end of each of the guide pins 62a to 62f is screwed to 58f. The other ends of these guide pins 62a to 62f are
Holders 53a-5 of punch collets 20a-20f
It enters the holes 54a to 54f formed in 3f (see FIGS. 1 and 2).

Coil springs 64a to 64f seated on the inner wall of the holder 24 and the holding portions 53a to 53f are wound around the guide pins 62a to 62f.
The holes 54a to 54f, the screw holes 58a to 58f, and the cutout grooves 28a to 28 formed in the punch body 18.
f are in close relation to each other and are inclined at the same angle with respect to the axis of the punch body 18, and are in a parallel state, so that the guide pins 62a
Similarly, the coil springs 64a to 64f and the sliding contact surfaces 30a to 30f are also inclined in parallel (see FIGS. 1 and 2).

As shown in FIG. 1, the ironing die 16 has a first tapered portion 66 inclined at a predetermined angle in a direction approaching each other with respect to the axis of the ironing die 16, and the first tapered portion 66. Straight section 68 extending vertically upward from
And a second tapered portion 70 inclined at a predetermined angle in a direction away from the linear portion 68 with respect to the axis of the ironing die 16. Furthermore, the ironing die 16
Is connected to a driving mechanism (not shown), and the ironing die 16 is vertically movable in the axial direction of the forming punch 14 under the operation of the driving mechanism.

The molding apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment is basically configured as described above, and its operation and effects will be described next.

First, as shown in FIG. 4, the work W is fitted to the forming punch 14 by a transport mechanism (not shown) so as to face the tip end 26 of the punch body 18 constituting the forming punch 14. You. At this time, the inner peripheral surface of the work W is
Are roughened in advance so as to be fitted to the curved portions 50a to 50f formed in the formed portions 40a to 40f and the punch collets 20a to 20f.

Next, as shown in FIG. 5, under the action of a driving mechanism (not shown), the ironing die 16
While applying a pressing force to the outer peripheral surface of the punch body 18 in the axial direction of the punch body 18. Thereby, the convex portion 34a
Forming portions 40a to 40f provided in the punch collets 20a to 20f and the bending portions 50a provided in the punch collets 20a to 20f.
The work W is sandwiched between the ironing die 16 and the ironing die 16, and the inner peripheral surface of the work W is plastically worked into a predetermined shape by the forming portions 40a to 40f. At this time, the work W is provided with the bending portions 50a to 50a.
An undercut portion W1 is formed so as to match the shape of 0f.

After the plastic working of the work W is completed, the work W is vertically displaced under the action of a transfer mechanism (not shown). At this time, the work W is engaged with the punch collets 20a to 20f by the undercut portion W1 formed on the work W, and follows the work W to form the punch collets 20a to 20f.
Slides upward along the sliding contact surfaces 30a to 30f.

As the punch collets 20a to 20f slide on the sliding surfaces 30a to 30f, the holder 24 and the holding portions 5 of the punch collets 20a to 20f
Coil spring 64 seated on upper surfaces of 3a to 53f
a to 64f are contracted. Accordingly, the holder 24
The guide pins 62a to 62f screwed into the holes penetrate the holes 54a to 54f formed in the holding portions 53a to 53f (see FIG. 6).

The sliding contact surfaces 30a to 30f are formed so as to be inclined at a predetermined angle in a direction approaching the axis of the punch body 18, so that the punch collets 20a to 30f are formed.
As 20f slides up the sliding contact surfaces 30a to 30f, the distance between the tips of the opposing punch collets 20a to 20f is reduced as a whole. As a result, when the work W is displaced by a predetermined distance, a gap 72 is formed between the work W and the punch collets 20a to 20f (see FIG. 6). The work W can be easily separated from the punch collets 20a to 20f using the gap 72.

The separated workpiece W is transported to a post-processing step by a transport mechanism (not shown), and is subjected to predetermined post-processing.

The work W is transferred to the punch collets 20a to 20f.
From the punch collets 20a-2
0f slides downward along the sliding contact surfaces 30a to 30f under the action of the elastic force of the coil springs 64a to 64f.
This resilient force is applied until the punch collets 20a to 20f return to the positions before the work W is fitted on the forming punch 14.

In this embodiment, the straight portions 38a-38f and 46a-46f formed on the punch body 18 and the punch collets 20a-20f, respectively.
Since the metal sleeve 22 is fitted on the outside, the punch collets 20a to 20f are surely maintained concentric with the punch body 18. Moreover, the linear portions 38a to 38a-3
8f and the surfaces of 46a to 46f are polished with high precision as described above, so that the punch body 18 and the punch collets 20a to 20f and the metal sleeve 22 are polished.
Can be contacted without having a gap between them.

Accordingly, the punch collets 20a to 20
f, the punch body 18 fitted with
The occurrence of an axial deviation from the above can be suppressed as much as possible. Accordingly, when the pressing force is applied to the work W by the ironing die 16, the pressing force can be applied to the work W substantially uniformly, and therefore, the work W can be plastically processed with high accuracy. It becomes possible. As a result, the work in the post-processing step for the work W is facilitated.

In this embodiment, the work W
After the plastic working of the workpiece W is completed, the work W
When the workpiece W is disengaged from the main body 18, the workpiece W is displaced under the action of a transport mechanism (not shown), and the punch collets 20 a to 20 f are moved so as to follow the displacement of the workpiece W.
Is slid upward along the sliding contact surfaces 30a to 30f formed in the above. As a result, a gap 72 is formed between the work W and the punch collets 20a to 20f.
~ 20f can be easily separated.

Further, in the present embodiment, the guide pins 62a to 62f, the coil springs 64a to 64f
Since the punch collets 20a to 20f slide along the sliding contact surfaces 30a to 30f because the punch collets 20a to 20f slide in parallel with the sliding contact surfaces 30a to 30f, the punch collets 20a to 20f can be smoothly placed without applying an extra load to the punch collets 20a to 20f. Slidable. After the workpiece W is released, the punch collets 20a to 20f are forcibly returned to their original positions under the action of the resilient forces of the coil springs 64a to 64f.

[0038]

As described above, according to the present invention,
By minimizing the occurrence of axial displacement between the ironing die and the forming punch, the ironing die applies a substantially uniform pressing force to the work to improve the precision of plastic working of the work. After the plastic working of the work is completed, the work can be easily detached. In this case, since it is not necessary to use a complicated mechanism such as a cylinder mechanism to slide the punch collet, the configuration of the molding apparatus itself can be simplified and downsized.
The unique effect that the molding device can be manufactured at low cost is obtained.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a molding apparatus according to the present embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional perspective view showing a forming punch in the present embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a bottom view showing the forming punch.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing a state where a work is fitted on the forming punch.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing a state immediately after processing the work.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory view showing a state immediately before the work is released from the forming punch.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory view showing a state before a workpiece is processed by a conventional molding apparatus.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory view showing a state immediately before the work is detached from the molding apparatus.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Forming apparatus 14 ... Forming punch 18 ... Punch main body 20a-20f ... Punch collet 22 ... Metal sleeve 24 ... Holder 30a-30f ... Sliding contact surface 53a-53f ... Holding part 62a-62f ... Guide pin 64a-64f ... Coil spring W: Work W1: Undercut

 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Takeshi Tatsumi 1-10-1 Shinsayama, Sayama-shi, Saitama Honda Engineering Co., Ltd. F-term (reference) 4E050 DA03 DA05 DA06 DA10

Claims (4)

[Claims] An ironing die for applying pressure to a workpiece, a forming punch having a sliding contact surface formed to be inclined with respect to an axis, and a plurality of punch collets slidable on the sliding contact surface. A forming apparatus comprising: a punch body having the sliding contact surface; a metal sleeve externally fitted to the punch body and the punch collet; and a holder for holding the metal sleeve. An elastic member housed in a holder, and when the engagement of the ironing die with the work is released, the punch collet is forcibly moved along the sliding contact surface by the elastic force of the elastic member. A molding device for returning to a position. 2. The molding apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the elastic member is wound around a guide pin screwed into the holder, and is seated on an inner wall of the holder and a holding portion of the punch collet. Forming apparatus. 3. The molding apparatus according to claim 2, wherein said guide pin, said elastic member and said sliding contact surface are arranged obliquely with respect to an axis of said punch body. 4. The molding apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the guide pin and the elastic member are arranged at the same inclination angle as the nearest sliding contact surface.