JP2001218821A - Deodorizing device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a compact deodorizing device capable of efficiently decomposing the malodor generated from garbage or the like. SOLUTION: A photocatalyst unit 8 having an excitation luminous means 14 and a plurality of transmission contact photocatalyst filters 13 arranged radially and spirally around it is connected to a processing container 5 storing a bubble generating means 3, an excitation luminous means 4 and the water including photocatalyst grains. An exhaust fan 9 is connected to the photocatalyst unit 8.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a deodorizing device using a photocatalyst, and more particularly to a deodorizing device capable of efficiently decomposing and removing unpleasant odors generated from a garbage disposer, a kitchen or the like with a simple structure.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Garbage generated from home kitchens, canteens, kitchens of restaurants and the like often emits offensive odor and deteriorates living environment. In addition, many odors that cause unpleasant sensation are included in the exhaust air from the air-conditioning equipment, and countermeasures are being studied. For example, kitchen waste processing machines have been put to practical use for the purpose of reducing the volume of kitchen waste, suppressing the spread of bad smells, and reusing kitchen waste. In such a garbage processing machine, garbage is decomposed into water and carbon dioxide gas by the action of microorganisms, but it is not completely decomposed, so gas containing chemical substances such as nitrogen compounds, sulfur compounds, and aldehydes is generated. Odors are generated. Therefore, a deodorizing means is provided in an exhaust port or an exhaust pipe of a kitchen waste disposal machine.

As the deodorizing means, it is common to use an adsorbent such as activated carbon, ozone or an oxidative decomposition catalyst. However, when the concentration of gas generated from garbage is high or a large amount of gas is generated, Since the deodorizing effect is reduced and the life of the deodorizing agent and the oxidation catalyst is short, there is a problem that replacement is required frequently (every 1 to 3 months).

[0004] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a deodorizing apparatus using a photocatalytic function (the oxidation-reduction power of an excited activated photocatalyst) has been proposed. This deodorizing device has a base on which a photocatalyst is arranged on the surface and an ultraviolet lamp as an excitation light source. When an odor generated from kitchen garbage is led to the substrate and brought into contact with a photocatalyst disposed on the surface, the odor, which is a kind of organic compound, is subjected to the oxidation-reduction effect of the photocatalyst excited and activated by an ultraviolet lamp, and finally to carbon dioxide Decomposes into gas and water.

A configuration in which a photocatalyst is applied to a deodorizing device of a kitchen waste disposal machine is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 9-313580. In this degassing device, the bad smell generated from the kitchen waste treatment machine is led through an exhaust duct to a deodorizing device composed of a porous body carrying a photocatalyst and an ultraviolet lamp, and is passed therethrough. As another example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-314110 discloses that a garbage disposal chamber is connected to a first purification chamber having a spray chamber for purifying ammonia in a gas and spraying an aqueous solution on the gas,
A configuration is disclosed in which a second purification chamber for purifying sulfide in gas is connected to the purification chamber, and a photocatalyst layer and an ultraviolet lamp for irradiating the photocatalyst layer are provided between the two purification chambers.

[0006]

A conventional deodorizing device provided in an exhaust duct or the like has a low odor removing capability, and in order to improve the removing efficiency, it is necessary to use many parts with a complicated structure. Therefore, there is a problem that the cost of the apparatus is increased. In addition, there is a problem that an increase in the processing amount leads to an increase in the size of the apparatus. That is, in the conventional deodorizing device, since the ultraviolet lamp is installed in the center of the exhaust duct and the photocatalyst is arranged on the inner wall side, only the limited odor flowing near the inner wall side of the exhaust duct receives the oxidation-reduction effect,
The malodor flowing in the center of the exhaust duct did not sufficiently contact the photocatalyst, and most of the malodor was discharged outside without contacting the photocatalyst, and the removal efficiency could not be improved. Further, the deodorizing device provided with a photocatalyst layer and an ultraviolet lamp for irradiating the photocatalyst layer between the two purifying chambers can obtain a high purifying function, but has a problem that the device has a complicated structure and a large size. It is said that the oxidation-reduction decomposition of the photocatalyst causes a decomposition reaction when a substance to be treated comes into contact with an active radical species such as O ₂ ⁻ and OH ⁻ . Therefore, it is important to increase the time that the odor contacts the photocatalyst or increase the chance of contact. However, the above-mentioned conventional deodorizer has a configuration in which the photocatalyst and the gas to be treated do not sufficiently come into contact with each other, and there is a limit to the throughput.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to solve the problems of the prior art and to provide a small-sized deodorizing apparatus having high deodorizing efficiency.

[0008]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a processing container containing water containing photocatalyst particles, which contains a bubble generating means and an excitation light emitting means.
A photocatalyst unit connected to the processing vessel, wherein the photocatalyst unit has an excitation light emitting means and a transmissive contact photocatalyst filter three-dimensionally disposed around the excitation light emitting means and is connected to the exhaust means. Means were adopted. In the present invention, it is preferable that the pipeline connecting the processing container and the first photocatalyst unit is disposed at a downward gradient from the first photocatalytic unit toward the processing container. In the present invention, it is preferable that a dehumidifying unit is disposed between the processing container and the photocatalyst unit. In the present invention, it is preferable that the bubble generating means is formed of a porous member having a pore size of 1 to 1000 μm. In the present invention, it is preferable that the photocatalytic filter has a porous member including a network and a photocatalytic functional layer supported on the surface thereof. In the present invention, the photocatalytic filter more preferably has a porous member including a plain woven wire mesh, a metal sintered layer supported on the surface thereof, and a photocatalytic functional layer supported on the surface. With this configuration, the chance of contact between the fluid to be treated and the photocatalytic filter increases. In the present invention, distilled water and / or acidic or alkaline water can be used as the water in the processing vessel.

[0009]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The details of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a deodorizing apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a photocatalytic filter member used in the present invention, FIG. 3 is a side view of FIG. 2, and FIG. FIG. As shown in FIG. 1, the deodorizing apparatus 1 includes a bubble generating means 3 and an excitation light emitting means 4 connected to a container 2 containing garbage via an air pump P, and contains water containing photocatalytic particles. Processing vessel 5 and piping 6 to processing vessel 5
And an exhaust fan 9 connected to the photocatalyst unit 8. According to this deodorizing device, the air containing the odor generated from the container 2 is dissolved in the water in the processing container 4 and decomposed and removed by the photocatalyst particles. On the other hand, the odor that is not dissolved in the water in the processing container 5 and remains on the upper portion thereof is decomposed by the photocatalytic unit 8 and then discharged out of the apparatus from the outlet (not shown) of the exhaust fan 9.

Since the deodorizing device 1 uses water in combination, dew condensation easily occurs inside the pipe 6 and the photocatalyst unit 8 and the like, and if left as it is, a water film is formed on the surface of a photocatalyst filter to be described later, and the photocatalytic performance deteriorates. There is a possibility that.
In order to prevent condensation, the processing container 5 and the photocatalyst unit 8
It is desirable to provide a dehumidifier 7 between the two. By using the dehumidifier 7 (or instead of using the dehumidifier 7), the pipe 6 is shortened and installed so as to be inclined downward from the photocatalytic unit 8 toward the processing vessel 5, so that water droplets in the pipe 6 are treated. You may make it return to the container 5. Tap water can be used as the water contained in the processing container 4, but preferably distilled water from which mineral components have been removed. Further, instead of distilled water, acidic or alkaline water (for example, water to which electrolyzed water or a pH adjuster is added) may be used alone or as a mixture with distilled water. It is presumed that the use of the above-mentioned distilled water or acidic or alkaline water accelerates the reaction with the odorous gas and increases the generation of bubbles. As the photocatalyst particles, for example, the particle size is 8 to 20 nm.
Can be used, and water and the titanium oxide particles may be mixed at a weight ratio of 1: 0.01 to 1.0. Alternatively, a titania sol containing anatase-type titanium oxide particles (solid content of 0.5 to 20.0
% By weight). Each concentration may be appropriately selected according to the processing object.

The photocatalyst unit 8 shown in FIG.
0 and a photocatalyst filter member 15 housed therein. As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the photocatalyst filter member 15 includes a plurality of photocatalyst filters 13 that are radially and spirally twisted around a shaft member 10 formed in a frame shape, and inside the shaft member 10. And an inserted excitation light-emitting tube 14 (omitted in FIGS. 2 to 4). The shaft member 10 includes a plurality of gear-shaped retainers 11 and a plurality of stays 1.
2 and both ends and the center of the photocatalytic filter 13 are supported by a retainer 11. The excitation light emitting tube 14 is formed in a U-shape, and is supported at one end by a socket portion 17. As the excitation light emitting tube 14, a lamp such as a black light or a fluorescent lamp that emits ultraviolet light having a wavelength of 390 nm or less (having a band gap of 3.2 e)
V or more of a semiconductor metal). The case 80 reflects ultraviolet light emitted from the excitation light emitting tube 14 and guides the ultraviolet light to the photocatalytic filter 13. For example, when the ultraviolet light is near ultraviolet light, the case 80 has a function of reflecting an excitation wavelength such as an aluminum alloy or stainless steel. It is desirable to form with the material which has. Furthermore, if a photocatalytic function layer is formed on the inner surface of the case 80, the deodorizing efficiency will be higher. However, ultraviolet rays having a wavelength of 254 nm may be irradiated to obtain a sterilizing effect.

In the above-mentioned photocatalytic unit, the positional relationship between the photocatalytic filter and the excitation light emitting tube is important in order to sufficiently exhibit the photocatalytic function. This will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 5 corresponds to FIG. 3 (left side view of FIG. 2), in which one end of the photocatalytic filter 13 (only one is shown) is at a predetermined angle with respect to a straight line X passing through the central axis P of the retainer 11. It is held in the holding groove 16 of the retainer 11 at an inclination angle θ1 and at equal angular intervals (mounting angle) θ2. The other end of the photocatalyst filter 13 (right side as viewed in FIG. 4) is also held in the holding groove 16 of the retainer 11 as in FIG.
As shown in (1), the photocatalyst filter 13 is twisted so as to intersect the central axis P at a predetermined angle (twist angle) θ3. The torsion angle θ3 is set to be, for example, an integral multiple (2 or more) of the mounting angle θ2.

The inclination angle θ1 is preferably set in a range such that the ultraviolet light and its reflected light are irradiated on the entire surface of each photocatalyst filter 13.
Is 24, it is sufficient to make θ1 = 30 °. The larger the torsion angle θ3, the greater the chance of contact between the photocatalyst filter 13 and the fluid to be treated. However, if the torsion angle θ3 is too large, processing of the photocatalyst filter 13 becomes difficult.
In the case of sheets, it is sufficient to set θ3 = 45 ° {3 × θ2 (= 15 °)}. The photocatalytic filter 13 is preferably arranged symmetrically around the shaft member 10,
The number may be appropriately determined according to the type of the fluid to be processed, the flow velocity, and the like. However, in order to secure the inclination angle θ1 at a predetermined angle, the number is 24 or less (for example, 12 or 6).
Is preferred.

According to the photocatalyst unit 8, the air to be treated that has flowed into the interior thereof comes into contact with the photocatalyst filter 13 and is oxidatively decomposed and deodorized by the photocatalyst activated by the ultraviolet light from the excitation light emitting tube 14. Air is exhausted outside the device. Since the photocatalyst filter 13 is arranged to be inclined with respect to the excitation light-emitting tube 14, the photocatalytic function layer can receive a large amount of ultraviolet light evenly, and the photocatalytic function can be reliably achieved. If the oxidative decomposition by the photocatalyst is continuously performed, in the case of a nitrogen compound, a sulfur compound or a chlorine compound, an intermediate product adheres to the surface of the photocatalytic functional layer, and the deodorizing efficiency is reduced. In that case, the photocatalyst filter 13 may be removed from the photocatalyst unit 8 and attached to the photocatalyst unit 8 after cleaning.

The photocatalyst unit 8 is not limited to the above, and a photocatalyst filter member 15a as shown in FIG. 6 can be used. The photocatalyst filter member 15a has a photocatalyst filter 13a spirally mounted around a cylindrical shaft member 10a, and an excitation light emitting tube 14 inserted inside the shaft member 10a. The excitation arc tube 14 is supported at both ends by sockets (not shown).
As the excitation arc tube 14, a lamp such as a black light or a fluorescent lamp that emits ultraviolet light having a wavelength of 360 to 390 nm can be used. The case 80 reflects ultraviolet light emitted from the excitation light emitting tube 14 and guides the ultraviolet light to the photocatalytic filter 13a. For example, when the ultraviolet light is near ultraviolet light, the case 80 has a function of reflecting an excitation wavelength such as an aluminum alloy or stainless steel. It is desirable to form with the material which has. Furthermore, if a photocatalytic function layer is formed on the inner surface of the case 80, the deodorizing efficiency will be higher.

In the present invention, the photocatalyst filters 13, 13
As shown in FIG. 7, a photocatalytic functional film is formed by forming a porous layer 23 composed of fine particles 22 on a substrate 20 having a large number of holes 21 and having a permeation contact performance and a large surface area as shown in FIG. Having a structure in which the film thickness is increased. The fine particles may be made of any material such as ceramic, glass, metal, and plastic, but are preferably the same as the material of the substrate. The substrate is preferably a net such as a wire net, expanded metal, or punched metal or the like.

In the present invention, by forming a porous layer composed of fine particles on the surface of a substrate as follows,
The contact with bad odor can be further improved. Average particle size 10-40
The slurry is obtained by applying a slurry (solid content: 60 to 80% by weight) in which a metal powder of 0 μm is mixed with a solvent such as water to the surface of the substrate, followed by drying and sintering. SUS304, SUS31 as a metal material for forming a substrate or fine powder
0, austenitic stainless steel such as SUS316,
Ti or its alloy (Ti-Mn system, Ti-Cr system, etc.), Cu or its alloy, Al or its alloy (Al-Si-Mg system), Fe or its alloy can be used. However, in the case of an Fe-based material, it is desirable to form an oxidation resistant film (iron oxide) on the surface. If the particle size of the metal powder is too small, the cost increases, and if the particle size is too large, fine pores cannot be obtained.
μm is preferred. The sintering temperature may be determined according to the material of the metal powder. However, if the sintering temperature is too low, a sufficient sintering density cannot be obtained, resulting in a decrease in strength. On the other hand, when the temperature is close to the melting point of the metal, the respective particles are fused to form coarse pores. Therefore, in the case of SUS, Ti, Cu, 800 to 1000
In the case of Al, a range of 300 to 400 ° C. is preferable.

The porous layer thus obtained is
It preferably has a pore diameter of 1000 μm. If the pore diameter is too large, fine foreign substances cannot be removed, while if it is too small, the resistance will increase and the processing capacity will decrease. Also,
The thickness of the porous layer is preferably in the range of 10 to 100 μm because the strength is reduced when the porous layer is thin and the transmission resistance is increased when the porous layer is thick.

In the present invention, the photocatalytic functional layer is made of, for example, T
A sol solution mixed with a photocatalytic semiconductor such as iO ₂ can be formed by spraying or dipping on the surface of a substrate, drying and baking at a temperature of 50 to less than 500 ° C. In addition to the photocatalytic semiconductor in this sol,
When amorphous titanium peroxide or titanium oxide is mixed in a titanium weight ratio (dry amount) of 1: 1 to 1: 5, the particles of the photocatalytic semiconductor can be firmly supported at a relatively low temperature. . Further, in order to complement functions such as fungicide sterilization, Pt, Ag, Rh, RuO ₂ , Nb, C
a small amount of particles of u, Sn, NiO,
Inorganic materials such as zeolite, silica, alumina, zinc oxide, magnesium oxide, rutile-type titanium oxide, zirconium phosphate, etc., or various activated carbons, porous phenolic resins to improve the decomposition performance by redox by having an adsorption function One or two or more melamine resins can be mixed.

Further, an aqueous solution of titanium peroxide is applied to the surface of the substrate.
Base treatment for spraying any protective material to form a protective coating
It is also possible to form the photocatalytic function layer after applying
You. In any case, pre-coat with aqueous titanium peroxide solution
Is formed, TiO₂Improved adhesion and spreadability of sol liquid
The photocatalytic functional layer on the surface of the substrate.
It can be formed uniformly and widely. This titanium peroxide
The aqueous solution can be spread even when the substrate is a metal such as stainless steel.
Excellent ductility, TiO₂For applying sol liquid widely and uniformly
It is valid. Titanium peroxide solution can be used as a binder
Works, but includes ceramics in composition
And good compatibility with metals.
The medium function layer may be separated even if the base is bent or vibrated.
Few. TiO as a photocatalytic semiconductor₂Besides ZnO,
SrTiO₃, CdS, CdO, CaP, InP, In
₂O₃, CaAs, BaTiO₃, K₂NbO₃, Fe
₂O₃, Ta₂O₅, WO₃, SnO₂, Bi₂O₃,
NiO, Cu₂O, SiC, SiO₂, MoS₂, Mo
S₃, InPb, RuO₂, CeO₂and so on. this
Titanium oxide TiO2₂(Anatase type) is inexpensive and characteristic
Is stable and harmless to the human body.
Best.

(Experimental Example) A deodorizing test was performed using the apparatus shown in FIG. Austenitic stainless steel (SUS31
6) Wire woven wire mesh (# 40/200 mesh)
Was rolled (rolling reduction 30%) to prepare a substrate having a thickness of 280 μm, and SUS316 powder (average particle diameter 30 μm) was formed on both surfaces thereof.
m) was applied and sintered at 960 ° C. to prepare a substrate having an average pore diameter of 100 μm. A solution obtained by mixing an amorphous titanium peroxide aqueous solution (solid content concentration: 0.84% by weight): anatase type titanium oxide aqueous solution (solid content concentration: 0.84% by weight) in a ratio of 3: 7 was added to the surface of the substrate. 0.7g / 25c
m ² (wet state), spray at room temperature and dry after 300
Sintering was performed at 1 ° C. for 1 hour to obtain a photocatalytic filter. The photocatalyst filter member shown in FIG. 2 was prepared using the 24 photocatalyst filters, and this filter member was inserted into a SUS316 case, and the photocatalyst unit 8 (outer diameter 150 mm)
Was assembled. A 30 W BLB lamp was used as an ultraviolet lamp. Distilled water (about 125 liters) in processing vessel 4
And anatase-type titanium oxide particles having a particle size of 8 to 20 nm were added at a weight ratio of 1: 0.5, and sufficiently stirred.

Next, the garbage is set in the container 2 and sealed. First, in a state where the deodorizing device is not operated, the odor at the outlet of the exhaust fan 9 (air volume: 0.7 m ² / min) is detected by an odor sensor (KALMOR-II.
Ω), the Σ value exceeded 2,000.
Next, the deodorizer was operated, and the odor after 10 hours (経 過
Value) was about 230. When the deodorizing efficiency is calculated by calculating the deodorizing concentration from the Σ value, the deodorizing efficiency is 90% or more. The correlation between the Σ value and the human sense of smell is as follows: 感知 value: 240 is a level at which people can complain,
ΣValue: 200 is a level that even ordinary people do not smell, Σ
Value: 180 is an odorless level.

Experimental Example 1 except that a solution in which water and super-reduced water (PH12) were mixed at a weight ratio of 1: 1 instead of water was used.
An experiment was performed under the same conditions as described above. Activate the deodorizing device 1
The odor (Σ value) after 0 hour was about 180. When the deodorizing efficiency is calculated by calculating the deodorizing concentration from the Σ value, the deodorizing efficiency is 95% or more.

[0024]

According to the present invention, even with a simple structure, the odor in the gas to be treated can be removed more efficiently than before, and the processing amount can be increased, so that the apparatus can be downsized. can get.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a deodorizing device according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a photocatalytic filter member that can be used in the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a side view of the photocatalytic filter member of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a front view of the photocatalytic filter member of FIG.

FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining an arrangement of a photocatalyst filter in the photocatalyst unit.

FIG. 6 is a schematic sectional view showing another example of the photocatalytic unit.

FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing a cross section of a base constituting a photocatalytic filter that can be used in the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Deodorizer, 2 container, 3 bubble generation means, 4 excitation light emission means, 5 processing container, 6 piping, 7 dehumidifier, 8
Photocatalytic unit, 9 exhaust fan

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page F term (reference) 4C080 AA05 AA07 AA10 BB02 BB05 CC14 CC15 HH03 KK08 MM02 QQ11 QQ17 QQ20 4D048 AA22 BA07X BA41X BB07 BB20 CA06 CA07 CC21 CC32 CC38 CD01 CD08 EA01 EA08

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A bubble generating means and an excitation light emitting means are built in,
A processing vessel containing water containing photocatalyst particles, and a photocatalyst unit connected to the processing vessel, the photocatalyst unit comprising an excitation light emitting means and a transmissive contact photocatalyst filter three-dimensionally disposed around the means. A deodorizing device, which is connected to exhaust means. 2. The deodorizing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a pipe connecting the processing container and the photocatalyst unit is disposed at a downward gradient from the photocatalyst unit to the processing container. 3. The deodorizing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a dehumidifying unit is provided between the processing container and the photocatalyst unit. 4. The bubble generating means has a pore size of 1 to 1000.
The deodorizing device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the deodorizing device is formed of a porous member having a thickness of μm. 5. The deodorizing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the photocatalyst filter has a porous member including a mesh and a photocatalytic functional layer supported on a surface thereof. 6. The photocatalyst filter according to claim 1, wherein the photocatalyst filter has a porous member including a plain woven wire mesh, a metal sintered layer supported on the surface thereof, and a photocatalytic functional layer supported on the surface. The deodorizing device according to any one of the above. 7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the water is distilled water and / or acidic or alkaline water.
A deodorizing device according to any one of the above.