JP2001194752A - Motion picture with improved protective overcoat and protective back-coat - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a ferrotype resistant motion picture printed film having improved image quality and soundtrack reproduction when seen at a movie theater and having improved stain and wear resistances. SOLUTION: The motion picture printed film comprises a support with a silver halide emulsion layer and an outermost protective overcoat layer comprising a film forming binder on one side and an outermost protective backcoat layer comprising a film forming binder on the other side, the protective overcoat layer and the protective backcoat layer comprise >=1 mg/m2 permanent matting agent having 0.5-3 μm average size, the total amount of the permanent matting agent in the overcoat layer and the backcoat layer is <25 mg/m2, the overcoat layer and/or the backcoat layer comprises a soluble matting agent having 0.5-3 μm average size and the total amount of the soluble matting agent in the overcoat layer and the backcoat layer is 2.5-30 mg/m2.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates generally to photographic, and more particularly, to novel photographic elements that are particularly useful as motion picture print films. More specifically, the present invention relates to a cinema print film having a protective overcoat layer and a backcoat layer comprising a permanent matting agent, wherein at least one of the overcoat and the backcoat comprises a removable matting agent. About.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Motion picture print film, which is a film shown in a movie theater,
Generally, optical soundtracks along at least one edge of the film are used. The most common optical soundtracks in use today are
An analog soundtrack of the "variable area" type that records along the soundtrack in the form of a varying ratio of opaque area to relatively transparent area. During the projection of the movie image, a light source illuminates the soundtrack, and a light sensor senses the light passing through the soundtrack and modulated by the soundtrack, creating an audio signal, which is an amplifier in the cinema sound system. Sent to Digital soundtracks for motion picture film have recently been introduced, in which case the sound information is typically captured during motion picture film perforation (eg, Dolby ^™ Digital Stereo). Stereo) along the edge of the soundtrack) or film (e.g., Sony ® dynamic digital sound (Sony ^TM dynamic DigitalSo
und) soundtrack, recorded in digital format consisting of small data bit patterns on film.

In order to optimize the visual quality of cinematic images and the sound quality of soundtracks recorded on cinematographic print film, movies and soundtracks are first first negatively imaged onto another light-sensitive film. The captured or recorded negative is then synchronized and printed on motion picture print film to form a positive image. Use relatively sensitive silver halide emulsions to record movie images, since very short exposure times must be given to each separate screen or frame when capturing movie images. Camera negative film (eg, Eastman Color Negative)
Negative) films and Kodak Vision Color Negative films) are typically used. To reproduce a wide range of colors and tones that can be found in various images, camera films
Typically, it also has a relatively low contrast or gamma. However, variable area analog and digital soundtracks produce sharp images that are desired for recording, and background noise caused by the relatively high minimum density typically associated with relatively sensitive films. To minimize noise, high contrast, relatively low sensitivity black and white film (eg, Eastman Sound Recording Fi
lms), best recorded.

[0004] Sound performance is ultimately measured on print film. This is because this is the vehicle for transmitting sound film information to the cinema amplifier. A common sound system for recording analog soundtracks includes a photodiode in the projector. The radiation sensitivity of the photodiode is such that it can mainly detect infrared (IR) radiation emitted by common tungsten lamps.
Almost 800-9 (depending on the type of photodiode)
It has a peak at 50 nm. To provide effective modulation of common projector illumination light, optical analog soundtracks print soundtracks in green and red light,
The green and red light-sensitive layers of the color print film are exposed, and then the optical analog soundtrack area of the print film is specially processed, replacing the image frame area, to form the formed magenta and cyan image dyes. In addition, silver images are typically formed in color motion picture print films by having them present in the soundtrack area of the film. This silver image is I
Although well detected in R, the special processing of the soundtrack area adds complexity to the light processing of the color print film. This light process is described in Kodak Publications
Publication) No. H-24, Kodak ECP-2B Process, described in the manual for processing the referenced Eastman color film. For example, U.S. Patent Nos. 2,220,178 and 2,341,50
No. 8, No. 2, 763, 550, No. 3, 243, 2
No. 95, No. 3,705,799, No. 4,139,
Various other techniques for residual silver in the soundtrack area are also known, as described in U.S. Pat. In a digital soundtrack, the light treatment of the print film results in a dye image that is decoded by a green or red reader in the theater. There is an optimum print dye density corresponding to the sound negative silver density that allows the best possible sound performance. Many cinemas prefer digital sound, and analog sound
It acts as a backup if the digital soundtrack cannot be read.

[0005] Different metrics are used to evaluate the performance of various soundtracks. The performance of an analog soundtrack is measured by a metric called cross-modulation. Intermodulation (X mode) is for image enlargement (image sp
In a sound negative to be canceled by a read), it measures the ability of image distortion to be present when the image is enlarged. The closer the cancellation is to the correct one, the more true the sound expression. Dolby Digital Stereo uses DQI (Dolby Quality Index) as a metric to evaluate the quality of Dolby sound in print film. Performance grading is indicated by a number from 0 to 100. Higher numbers are indicators of better performance. The performance rating grading system for Sony specifies the letter grade where A represents the best performance. All sound systems include variables that depend on image magnification to grade sound quality.

It is well known to include a matting agent in the outermost layer of a photographic element. These matting agents are applied under pressure typical of a tightly wound film roll, for example, with the back side of the film facing the front (ie, emulsion side) of the film.
When in contact with the photographic film, the potential for ferrotyping the photographic film can be reduced. Ferrotyping may cause both sides of the film to stick together, and if severe ferrotyping can cause damage to the emulsion side surface layer when unrolled.
In some cases, ferrotyping will have an adverse effect on the sensitometric response of the photographic emulsion. Matting agents are also used for such purposes as reducing electrostatic charging and excessive gloss, receiving pencil marks and avoiding Newton's rings. Research Disclosure
closure), item 38957, pages 615-616,
A wide variety of materials have been used as matting agents, including both inorganic and polymeric microparticles, as shown by September 1996.

Large amounts of matting agents are often used for the above purposes. However, the use of large amounts of matting agents can cause undesirable side effects such as increased haze and graininess of the processed image. To overcome these limitations, matting agents that are removed during film processing are often used instead of "permanent" matting agents. Such "removable" or "soluble" matting agents are typically, for example, alkali-soluble polymer matting particles consisting of a copolymer of methyl methacrylate and methacrylic acid. Soluble mat particles, for example,
U.S. Pat. Nos. 2,322,037 and 2,992,1
No. 01, No. 3,767,448, No. 4,094,
No. 848, No. 4,142,894, No. 4,44
7,525 and 4,524,131. These matting particles are removed during the film processing, it is generally high dry coating weight can be used in photographic film in, for example 200 mg / m ² or more particulate mats. However, in some cases, the use of large amounts of soluble matting agents will have undesirable side effects. Soluble matte beads have a tendency to swell or dissolve during the manufacture, transport or coating of the solution containing the matte beads, thus causing various types of coating defects in the film. During film processing, by the removal of soluble mat beads,
Pit or craters remain in the coating, which will be particularly visible, for example, at the very high magnifications typically used to view motion picture print film. The use of large amounts of soluble matting agents (as well as permanent matting agents) will generate fine dust of particles due to the matting agent falling off the unexposed and unprocessed film during film production and use. The matte dust generated will become lodged on the photographic emulsion and will cause image defects during subsequent exposure and film processing. In addition, these fallen particles will scratch and wear the photographic film.

[0008] Any matting agent (permanent matting agent or soluble matting agent) used in motion picture print film can potentially affect image quality and soundtrack reproduction during movie viewing. During printing of print film from a duplicate negative, the presence of large amounts of permanent or soluble matting agents in the print film emulsion overcoat will result in image graininess during projection. The presence of a modest amount of permanent matting agent on either side of the exposed and processed print film will affect image graininess during projection. Soundtrack playback quality (ie, frequency response and signal to noise ratio)
It degrades at matte levels that are substantially lower than required to affect image quality, especially for those films that use a digital soundtrack.

Photographic elements that are particularly useful as motion picture print films are described in US Pat. No. 5,679,505. This patent discloses a film comprising a support having an antihalation undercoat and at least one silver halide emulsion layer on one side and a protective topcoat comprising an antistatic layer and a polyurethane binder on the other side. I have. This top coat has
100 mg / m ^2, preferably contains matte beads 15~65mg / m ^2. US Patent 5,679,50
In Example No. 5 teaches an emulsion overcoat having permanent matting agent of the top coat and 5 mg / m ² with a permanent matting agent 30.7 mg / m ^2. Although the films described in this patent have been shown to be resistant to scratching, abrasion and ferrotyping, there is a need to further improve these properties while also improving soundtrack playback. Sex exists.

[0010]

Accordingly, while many prior arts disclose photographic elements having various types of matting agents, they provide superior protection from ferrotyping, dirt and abrasion. Providing a cinema print film that simultaneously provides the freedom of image quality and excellent image quality and soundtrack reproduction has proven to be a challenging challenge. It is therefore a general object of the present invention to provide an improved motion picture print film that is resistant to ferrotyping while avoiding the problems and limitations of the prior art. It is another object of the present invention to provide a motion picture print film having improved image quality and soundtrack reproduction during viewing in a movie theater. It is yet another object of the present invention to provide a motion picture print film having improved resistance to soiling and abrasion.

[0011]

According to the present invention, at least one silver halide emulsion layer and an outermost protective overcoat layer containing a film-forming binder are provided on one side, and an outermost protective overcoat layer containing a film-forming binder is provided. Comprising a support having an outer protective backcoat layer on the opposite side, wherein the protective overcoat layer and the protective backcoat layer each comprise at least 1 mg / m2.
^2, comprises a permanent matting agent having an average size of 0.5 to 3 [mu] m, a combination total amount of permanent matting agent overcoat layer and the back coat layer is less than 25 mg / m ² was, the overcoat layer or the back At least one of the coating layers is removed during photoprocessing.
a soluble matting agent having an average size of m.
The raw motion picture print films the total amount of soluble matting agent combination overcoat layer and the back coat layer is at 2.5 to 30 / m ² is provided.

[0012]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The motion picture print film photographic element of the present invention has at least one silver halide emulsion layer and an outermost protective overcoat layer on one side and an outermost protective backcoat layer on the other side. Including support. In a preferred embodiment, the element of the present invention may include an antihalation undercoat between the support and the silver halide emulsion layer and an antistatic layer on either side of the support.

[0013] The outermost protective overcoat layer and the outermost protective backcoat layer of the element of the present invention comprise a film-forming binder and a matting agent. The use of film-forming hydrophilic colloids as binders in photographic elements, including photographic films and papers, is very well known. The most commonly used of these is gelatin, which is a particularly preferred material for use in the outermost layer of the present invention. It can be preferably used as a binder in protective overcoats, antihalation undercoats and silver halide emulsion layer (s).
Useful gelatins include alkali-treated gelatin (cow bone or hide gelatin), acid-treated gelatin (pig leather gelatin) and gelatin derivatives such as acetylated gelatin, phthalated gelatin and the like. Other hydrophilic colloids that can be used alone or in combination with gelatin include dextran, gum arabic, zein, casein, pectin, collagen derivatives, collodion, agar, arrow root starch, albumin and the like. Still other useful hydrophilic colloids are water-soluble polyvinyl compounds such as polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylamide, poly (vinylpyrrolidone) and the like.

The film-forming binder useful in the protective backcoat of the present invention can be essentially any known polymer binder. This includes the above-mentioned hydrophilic colloids as well as hydrophobic polymers. Useful hydrophobic polymers include polyurethanes, polyesters, polyamides, polycarbonates, cellulose esters, acrylic polymers, styrenic polymers, and the like. Particularly preferred polymeric binders for use in the backcoat of the present invention include aliphatic polyurethanes such as those described in US Pat. No. 5,679,505.

In the practice of the present invention, the protective overcoat and the backcoat are each at least 1 mg / m2.
² , comprising a permanent mat having an average size of 0.5 to 3 μm, wherein the total amount of permanent mat in the combined overcoat and backcoat is less than 25 mg / m ² ;
At least one of the overcoat or the backcoat is
Consisting of a soluble matting agent having an average size of 0.5-3 μm, and the total amount of soluble matting agent in the combined overcoat and backcoat is 2.5-30 mg / m
² Preferably, the soluble matting agent in at least one of the overcoat layer or the backcoat layer has an average roughness (ASM) for the overcoat or backcoat.
EB46.1-1995) is present at a level at least equal to the level of the permanent matting agent such that it is substantially higher before photographic processing than after photographic processing.

The requirement that the protective overcoat and backcoat each contain at least 1 mg / m ² of permanent matting agent ensures good transport properties throughout the film manufacturing process and use. Also, 25mg
The combined amount of permanent matting agent in the overcoat and the backcoat, less than / m ² , guarantees a very low haze giving excellent soundtrack performance. The combined amount of soluble matting agent in the overcoat and backcoat, which is between ^2.5 and 30 mg / m ² , avoids the problems associated with using large amounts of soluble matting agent while reducing the untreated film. Excellent ferrotyping protection is guaranteed. Thus, these unique matting agent properties for the overcoat and backcoat for the motion picture print film of the present invention result in optimal performance throughout all stages of film production, printing and projection.

The permanent matting agent may be silica or other mineral oxides, calcium carbonate, glass spheres, ground polymer or polymer mat beads. Polymer matte beads are preferred for their shape uniformity and size distribution uniformity. The polymer mat beads may or may not be cross-linked. The surface of the polymer matte beads may be attached to gelatin or other hydrophilic colloid to improve its dispersibility in an aqueous medium. Polymer mat beads are disclosed in U.S. Pat.
It can be produced by a limited aggregation method as described in US Pat. Nos. 5,131 and 5,133,912.

The soluble matting agent is insoluble in water,
It can be any particulate material that is soluble in an aqueous alkaline medium. Particularly preferred soluble matting agents are U.S. Pat. Nos. 2,992,101 and 3,767,448.
No. 4,142,894 and No. 4,447,5
Polymer mat beads which are copolymers of alkyl methacrylate and methacrylic acid, such as those described in No. 25.

In addition to the film-forming binder and matting agent, the protective overcoat and protective backcoat of the present invention optionally include a surfactant, an antistatic agent, a charge control agent,
Thickeners, ultraviolet light absorbers, processing removal dyes (processing r
emovable dyes), high-boiling solvents, colloidal inorganic particles, magnetic recording particles, polymer latex, cross-linking agents (ie, hardeners) and lubricants. Useful lubricants include
Silicones, natural and synthetic waxes, stearates,
Amide and perfluorinated polymer particles are included. Lubricants must be included to provide the overcoat and backcoat with a coefficient of friction that ensures good transport properties and resistance to scratching and abrasion during manufacturing and customer use. For satisfactory transport properties, the overcoat and the backcoat must have a coefficient of friction between 0.1 and 0.4. However, the most preferred range is from 0.15 to 0.3. If the coefficient of friction of the protective overcoat and the backcoat is less than 0.15, the long, thin rolls of photographic film become unstable during storage or transport, and will sink or dent (unstable) Conditions common to various film rolls) there is a significant danger. If the coefficient of friction is greater than 0.30 during manufacture or greater than 0.30 after photographic film processing (the general state of unprocessed residual protective overcoat lubricants), photographic film transport properties are particularly significant for certain photographic film printers. And in projectors.

The material used as the support member is a synthetic high molecular weight polymer material. These materials may consist of various polymer films, but polyester and cellulose triacetate film supports well known in the art are preferred. The thickness of the support is not limited. For example, typical support member thicknesses of 50-250 microns (2-10 mils or 0.002-0.010 inches) can be used with very satisfactory results. Polyester support members typically use a primer layer between the functional layer and the polyester support. Such primer layers are well known in the art and are described, for example, in US Pat. No. 2,627,088,
No. 2,698,235, No. 2,698,240
No. 2,943,937 and No. 3,143,42
No. 1, No. 3,201,249, No. 3,271,1
No. 78 and 3,501,301, consisting of vinylidene chloride / methyl acrylate / itaconic acid terpolymer or vinylidene chloride / acrylonitrile / acrylic acid terpolymer.

The antihalation undercoat used in the preferred embodiment of the present invention is a method in which light is reflected into the silver halide emulsion layer (s), thereby reducing the undesirable enlargement of the image known as halation. It functions to prevent it from arising. Any filter dye known in the photographic art can be used in the present invention as a means of reducing halation. Thus, for example, water-soluble dyes can be used for this purpose. Such dyes must be included in the antihalation undercoat together with the mordant to prevent dye diffusion. Alternatively and preferably, a solid particle filter dye is included in the antihalation undercoat.

Useful water-soluble filter dyes for the purposes of the present invention include pyrazolone oxonol dyes of US Pat. No. 2,274,782, US Pat. No. 2,956,872.
No. 9, solubilized diarylazo dyes, US Pat.
3,207 and 3,384,487, solubilized styryl and butadienyl dyes, U.S. Pat. No. 2,527,
No. 583, merocyanine dyes, U.S. Pat.
Nos. 897, 3,652,284 and 3,71
No. 8,472, merocyanine and oxonol dyes; U.S. Pat. No. 3,976,661, enaminohemioxonol dyes; U.S. Pat. No. 3,723,154, cyanomethylsulfone-derived merocyanine; U.S. Pat.
No. 9,888, No. 3,253,921, No. 3,2
50,617 and 2,739,971 thiazolidone, benzotriazole and thiazolothiazole;
U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,004,896 triazole and U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,125,597 and 4,045.
No. 229 hemioxonol. Useful mordants are described, for example, in U.S. Patent Nos. 3,282,699, 3,455,693, 3,438,779 and 3,795,519.

Preferred examples of solid particle filter dyes for use in the antihalation undercoat layer include:
Is substantially insoluble at aqueous coating pHs of less than 7, is readily soluble or decolorizable in aqueous photographic processing solutions at a pH of 8 or greater, and is thereby removed from the photographic element during photographic processing. Or those which are decolorized in photographic elements. By "substantially insoluble" is meant a dye having a solubility of less than 1% by weight, preferably less than 0.1% by weight. Such dyes are generally of the formula: D- (X) _n , wherein D represents the residue of a substantially insoluble compound having a chromophore group, and X is directly or By a valent linking group represents a group having an ionizable proton attached to D, and n is 1-7. The residue of the compound having a chromophore group can be selected from general dye types including, for example, oxonol dyes, merocyanine dyes, cyanine dyes, arylidene dyes, azomethine dyes, triphenylmethane dyes, azo dyes and anthraquinone dyes. it can. The group having an ionizable proton preferably has a pKa (acid dissociation constant) value measured in a mixed solvent of water and ethanol at a volume ratio of 1: 1 in the range of 4 to 11, and includes, for example, a carboxyl group. Groups, sulfonamide groups, sulfamoyl groups, sulfonylcarbamoyl groups, carbonylsulfamoyl groups, hydroxy groups and enol groups of oxonol dyes or their ammonium salts. The filter dye, in its non-ionized state, must have a logP hydrophobicity parameter of 0-6. Common types of such ionizable filter dyes are well known in the photographic art and include, for example, International Patent Publication No. WO 88/047.
No. 94, European Patent Application EP 594 973, E
P549089, EP 546163 and EP 4
No. 30,180, U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,803,150, 4,855,221, 4,857,446, 4,900,652, 4,900,653,
No. 4,940,654, No. 4,948,717
No. 4,948,718, No. 4,950,58
No. 6, No. 4,988,611, No. 4,994, 3
No. 56, No. 5,098,820, No. 5,213
Nos. 956, 5,260,179 and 5,26
Included are dyes disclosed for use in the form of aqueous solid particle dye dispersions, such as those described in US Pat. No. 6,454. Such dyes are generally described as being insoluble in aqueous solutions at a pH of less than 7, and readily soluble or decolorizable in aqueous photographic processing solutions at pH 8 or above.

Preferred dyes of the above formula have the formula: [D- (A) _y ] -X _n , wherein D, X and n are as defined above, and A is directly Or X is attached to the aromatic ring moiety of A or D), wherein y is 0-4 and X is attached to the aromatic ring portion of A or D.

Representative dyes of the above formula include WO 88/0
Tables I to X of 4794, formulas (I) to (VII) of EP 0456163 A2, formula (II) of EP 0594973
And U.S. Pat. No. 4,940,654 in Tables I-XVI. Preferred examples of solid particle filter dyes include:

[0026]

Embedded image

[0027]

Embedded image

To promote the adhesion of the antihalation undercoat to the support, a primer layer as described above is advantageously used, especially when the support is a polyester support.

The photographic elements of the present invention can be simple black and white or single color elements or they can be multilayer and / or multicolor elements. The color photographic element of the present invention includes
Typically, each of the three primary regions of the spectrum contains a dye-imageable unit that is photosensitive. Each unit may be comprised of a single silver halide emulsion layer or of multiple emulsion layers sensitive to a given region of the spectrum. The layers of the element, including the layers of the image-forming units, can be arranged in various orders as known in the art.

A typical multicolor photographic print element according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention comprises, in order, at least one blue-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer having at least one yellow dye-forming coupler associated therewith. Yellow dye imageable unit and at least one associated with it
Dye image-forming unit comprising at least one red-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer having at least one magenta dye-forming coupler and at least one green light having at least one magenta dye-forming coupler associated therewith And a support having a magenta dye image-forming unit comprising a neutral silver halide emulsion layer. Each of the cyan, magenta and yellow image-forming units is a single light sensitive layer, a pack of two light sensitive layers, one of which is more photosensitive and the other less photosensitive, or a modified photosensitive 3 It may consist of a pack of one or more photosensitive layers.

The light-sensitive silver halide emulsions used in the photographic elements of the present invention may contain coarse, medium or fine grain silver halide crystals or mixtures thereof, including silver chloride, silver bromide. Silver bromoiodide, silver chlorobromide, silver chloroiodide, silver chlorobromoiodide and mixtures thereof. For example, the emulsion may be a tabular grain light sensitive silver halide emulsion. The emulsion may be a negative working or direct positive working emulsion. They can form a latent image predominantly at the surface of the silver halide grains or inside the silver halide grains. These can be chemically or spectrally sensitized according to a general method. Photographic print films typically use relatively small grains, high chloride emulsions (e.g., an average grain size equivalent circular diameter of less than 1 micron and a 50 mm diameter) to optimize print image quality and enable rapid processing. Emulsions having a halide content greater than mol% chloride) are used. Such emulsions
Typically, it results in a photographic element having a relatively low sensitivity as compared to camera negative film. Low sensitivity is compensated for by using relatively high intensity print lamps or lasers to expose such print elements. For comparison purposes, cinema color print film is
For example, when grading using the same international standards used to grade camera negative films,
It is noted that it will typically have an ISO speed rating of less than 10, which is some stop at a lower speed than the lowest speed camera negative film currently in use. This emulsion is typically a gelatin emulsion, but other hydrophilic colloids can be used by conventional procedures. The composition of typical photosensitive image recording layers used in print films is well known and is described, for example, in Research Disclosure, Item 3654.
4, limited to the invention because any silver halide material used in common motion picture films can be used, such as those described in September 1994 and the literature cited therein. Not a target.

The photographic silver halide emulsion used in the present invention may contain other additives commonly used in the photographic art. Useful additives are described, for example, in Research Disclosure, Item 36544, September 1994. Useful additives include absorbing materials such as spectral sensitizing dyes, desensitizers, antifoggants, masking couplers, DIR couplers, DIR compounds, stain inhibitors, image dye stabilizers, filter dyes and UV absorbers. , A light scattering substance, a coating aid, a plasticizer, a lubricant and the like.

Depending on the dye image-donor used in the photographic element, it can be included in the silver halide emulsion layer or in a separate layer associated with the emulsion layer. The dye image-providing material can be any of a number of those known in the art, such as dye-forming couplers, bleaching dyes, dye developers and redox dye-releasing agents, and the particular ones used are , The nature of the element and the type of image desired.

Dye image-providing materials used with common color materials designed for processing with another solution include:
Preferred are dye-forming couplers, ie compounds that combine with oxidized developing agents to form a dye. Preferred couplers that form cyan dye images are phenol and naphthol. Preferred couplers that form magenta dye images are pyrazolones and pyrazolotriazoles. Preferred couplers that form yellow dye images are
Benzoylacetoanilide and pivalylacetoanilide.

In addition to the antihalation undercoats, protective overcoats and backcoats and one or more emulsion layers, the motion picture films of the present invention include primer layers, subbing layers, spacer layers, filter layers, interlayers. And auxiliary layers that are common in photographic elements, such as a pH-lowering layer (sometimes called an acid layer and a neutralizing layer), a magnetic recording layer, a timing layer, a barrier layer and an antistatic layer. Good.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, the motion picture film of the present invention contains an antistatic layer whose antistatic properties withstand film processing. Antistatic layers useful in the present invention may contain various conductive metal-containing particles, such as metal oxides, dispersed in a binder material. Examples of useful conductive metal-containing particles include donor-doped metal oxides, metal oxides containing oxygen vacancies, and conductive nitrides, carbides, and borides. Specific examples of particularly useful particles include conductive TiO ₂ , SnO ₂ , V ₂ O ₅ , A
l ₂ O ₃ , ZrO ₂ , In ₂ O ₃ , ZnO, ZnSb ₂
O ₆ , InSbO ₄ , TiB ₂ , ZrB ₂ , NbB ₂ ,
TaB ₂ , CrB, MoB, WB, LaB ₆ , ZrN,
TiN, WC, HfC, HfN and ZrC are included.
Examples of patents describing these conductive particles include U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,275,103 and 4,394,411.
No. 4,416,963, No. 4,418,14
No. 1, No. 4,431,764, No. 4,495, 2
No. 76, No. 4,571,361, No. 4,999,
Nos. 276, 5,122,445 and 5,36
No. 8,995. Other useful conductive materials for use in the antistatic layer of the present invention include:

Semiconductive metals, such as cuprous iodide, as described in US Pat. Nos. 3,245,833, 3,428,451 and 5,075,171. salt. For example, a fibrous conductive material consisting of antimony-doped tin oxide coated on a non-conductive potassium titanate whisker, as described in U.S. Patent Nos. 4,845,369 and 5,116,666. Powder.

US Pat. No. 4,070,189, crosslinked vinylbenzyl quaternary ammonium polymer; US Pat. No. 4,237,194, conductive polyaniline; and US Pat. Nos. 4,987,042, 5, , 035,92
No. 6, No. 5,354,613, No. 5,370,9
No. 81, No. 5,372,924, No. 5,543,
Conductive polymers such as the conductive polythiophenes of Nos. 944 and 5,766,515.

Vanadium pentoxide or the like described in US Pat. Nos. 4,203,769, 5,006,451, 5,221,598 and 5,284,714. Colloidal gel of silver-doped vanadium pentoxide. Typically, the antistatic layer comprises one to one dry weight basis.
It is applied in a dry coating amount of １０００1000 mg / m ² . The electric resistivity of the antistatic layer is 7 to 11 logΩ / □, preferably 8 to 11 logΩ / □, and most preferably 8.5 to 10 logΩ.
Ω / □.

The antistatic layer may be on either or both sides of the support material. The antistatic layer may be an antihalation undercoat, a protective overcoat, a protective backcoat, or an intermediate layer below one or more emulsion layers. Further, the antistatic layer may be the outermost layer in which a conductive substance is contained in the protective overcoat or the protective backcoat.

The antistatic coating composition may contain a coating aid for improving coating properties. Typical levels of coating aids in antistatic coating formulations are 0.01 to 0.30 weight percent active coating aid based on total solution weight. However, the preferred level of coating aid is
0.02 to 0.20% by weight of active coating aid based on total solution weight. These coating aids can be anionic or nonionic coating aids.

[0042]

The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention and are not intended to limit it in any way. Print film elements A to H
Was produced as follows. First, a subbing layer comprising a vinylidene chloride copolymer, applied on both sides of the support, then out stretching and width, the final dry film weight of the subbing layer is to be about 90 mg / m ² Produced a subbed polyester support. An antistatic coating having the following composition was applied on one side of the support.

Acrylonitrile / vinylidene chloride / acrylic acid copolymer binder 2.6 mg / m ² Conductive silver-doped vanadium pentoxide fiber 3.3 mg / m ² Coated surfactant 3.7 mg / m ²

This antistatic layer had a resistivity of 8.5 logΩ / □. A protective backcoat having the following general composition was applied over the antistatic layer for each element. Sancure 898 polyurethane binder (BFGoodrich Corp) 900 mg / m ² CX100 multifunctional aziridine crosslinker (Zeneca Resins) 56 mg / m ² coated surfactant 24 mg / m ² Michemlube 124 microcrystalline wax (Michelman, Inc.) 12 mg / m ² NaCl 2.2 mg / m ² Permanent matting agent (polymethyl methacrylate beads, average size = 1.5 μm) ) See Table 1

A general gelatin subbing layer was applied over the vinylidene chloride copolymer subbing layer on the support opposite the antistatic layer and the backcoat. An antihalation undercoat having the following composition was then applied over the gelatin subbing layer.

Gelatin 700 mg / m ² solid particle dye D-1 53 mg / m ² solid particle dye D-7 120 mg / m ² Coated surfactant 14 mg / m ² H ₂ SO ₄ 5.4 mg / m ² Poly (acrylamide- Co-2-acrylamide-2-methylpropane sodium sulfonate 23 mg / m ²

Next, on the antihalation undercoat, a silver halide emulsion layer suitable for a color motion picture print film (with a yellow dye comprising a blue-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer having a yellow dye-forming coupler associated therewith) Cyan dye image-forming unit comprising an image-forming unit and a red-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer having a cyan dye-forming coupler associated therewith and a green-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer having a magenta dye-forming coupler associated therewith Magenta dye imageable unit) and a protective overcoat having the following general composition was applied over the emulsion layer for each element.

Deionized gelatin 907 mg / m ² Polydimethylsiloxane lubricant (Dow Corning) See Table 1 Permanent matting agent (polymethyl methacrylate beads, average size = 1.5 μm) See Table 1 Soluble matting agent (Methyl methacrylate / methacrylic acid 60/40 copolymer beads, average size = 1.5 μm) See Table 1. Charge control surfactant (FT-248 fluorosurfactant, Bayer) 7.5 mg / m ² coating Surfactant 20mg / m ²

The film element produced as described above is used for abrasion resistance and ferrotyping resistance in a movie projector.
The% haze after film processing, the sound track signal to noise ratio and the number of spot defects in the emulsion layer were tested. Ferrotyping resistance was evaluated by wrapping a 50 foot length of each film onto a 2 inch diameter plastic core and holding the rolls at 110 ° F. and 60% RH for 3 days. The film was tested both before and after processing to determine the resistance to ferrotyping, i.e., adhesion with rolls, significant changes in surface gloss of emulsion protective overcoats or cores. It was evaluated whether any defects in the processed image were observed, such as pressure marks as a result of wrapping over. The samples were rated on a scale of 1-5. In this case, 1 is excellent resistance to ferrotyping and 5 is poor resistance to ferrotyping.

Abrasion resistance in a movie projector was evaluated from a continuous loop of processed film samples passed 100 times through a movie film projector to simulate normal film life in a movie theater. The tested film was removed from the projector and examined with an optical microscope for wear and scratches on the film in the area where the film surface contacted the projector. The films were rated on a scale of 1-5. In this case, 1 is excellent resistance and 5 is poor resistance.

The soundtrack performance was evaluated by printing an analog soundtrack from a sound negative film on a sample film. An analog soundtrack was printed at the actual exposure level only on the green light sensitive layer of the sample print film, and the print film was processed to obtain a silver plus magenta dye soundtrack image. The sample signal-to-noise ratio obtained when read by the IR soundtrack reader is reported in dB. In this case, the higher the number, the better the performance in this test.

The number of spot defects in the film sample was estimated by visual inspection of the untreated film sample with a 7 magnification lens. A description of the sample elements is given in Table 1 and the results obtained are summarized in Table 2.

[0053]

[Table 1]

[0054]

[Table 2]

The results shown in Table 2 show that only elements G and H of the present invention perform excellently in all tests. The comparison factor is one or more tests,
Demonstrates inferior performance.

The embodiments of the present invention are listed below. 1. A support having on one side an outermost protective overcoat layer containing at least one silver halide emulsion layer and a film-forming binder and an outermost protective backcoat layer containing a film-forming binder on the other side. Wherein the protective overcoat layer and the protective backcoat layer each comprise at least 1 mg / m ² of a permanent matting agent having an average size of 0.5 to 3 μm, wherein the combined overcoat layer and the backcoat layer The total amount of permanent matting agent is 25
mg / m ² , wherein at least one of the overcoat layer or the backcoat layer comprises a soluble matting agent having an average size of 0.5 to 3 μm that is removed during photographic processing, and the combined overcoat layer The total amount of the soluble matting agent in the layer and the back coat layer is 2.5 to 3
An unprocessed motion picture print film photographic element that is 0 mg / m ² . 2. The element of embodiment 1 further comprising an antihalation undercoat between the support and the silver halide emulsion layer. 3. An element according to embodiment 1 or 2, further comprising an antistatic layer on either side of the support.

4. The element of embodiment 3, wherein the antistatic layer is coated between the support and the outermost backcoat layer. 5. 5. The element of any one of embodiments 1 to 4, wherein the film-forming binder for the outermost backcoat comprises an aliphatic polyurethane. 6. An element according to any one of the preceding embodiments wherein the soluble matting agent in at least one of the overcoat or backcoat layer is present at a level at least equal to the level of the permanent matting agent. 7. In turn, a yellow dye image-forming unit consisting of at least one blue-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer having at least one yellow dye-forming coupler associated therewith, and at least one cyan dye-forming coupler associated therewith From a cyan dye image-forming unit comprising at least one red-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer having at least one green-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer having at least one magenta dye-forming coupler associated therewith. The element of any one of embodiments 1 to 6, comprising a support having a magenta dye image-forming unit.

 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Susan Dorothy Hill United States, New York 14626, Rochester, Place One 78 (72) Inventor Frank Dean Maniosh United States, New York 14467, Henrietta, Pinnacle Road 970 (72) Inventor Eugene Arthur Armor United States, New York 14616, Rochester, Hidden Spring Cycle 15

Claims (1)

[Claims] An outermost protective overcoat layer containing at least one silver halide emulsion layer and a film-forming binder is provided on one side, and an outermost protective backcoat layer containing a film-forming binder is provided on the other side. Comprising a support, wherein the protective overcoat layer and the protective backcoat layer each comprise at least 1 mg / m ² of a permanent matting agent having an average size of 0.5 to 3 μm, wherein the combined overcoat layer And the total amount of the permanent matting agent in the backcoat layer is less than 25 mg / m ² , and at least one of the overcoat layer and the backcoat layer has an average size of 0.5 to 3 μm which is removed during photographic processing. comprises a matting agent, and the total amount of soluble matting agent combination overcoat layer and the back coat layer is at 2.5 to 30 / m ² That, untreated motion picture print film photographic elements.