JP2001180789A - Hopper and crusher with the hopper and hopper clogging prevention method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a hopper for preventing the clogging generated by a bridge, a crusher with the hopper and also a clogging prevention method for the hopper. SOLUTION: A constitution in which respective nozzles 28 applying the side pressure to sediments M in an introduction flow path 21 and jetting pressurized water W are formed on a side wall 24 of a hopper main body 22 is adopted for a hopper 20. Also the constitution having the hopper 20 is adopted for a crusher 19. For the clogging prevention method, a method of applying the side pressure to the sediments M in the hopper main body 22 and jetting the pressurized water W to crush the sediments is adopted.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a hopper provided, for example, at a raw material inlet of a plant machine, a crusher provided with the hopper, and a method for preventing clogging of the hopper.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 7 shows an example of a sewage treatment system provided in a sewage treatment facility. As shown in FIG. 1, the sewage treatment system 1 includes a plurality of dust removers 2, a sewage unloader 3 that unloads the sewage that has passed through the dust removers 2, and an input from the sewage unloader 3. Crusher 4 that crushes and decomposes residue
And a sediment storage tank 5 for temporarily storing the crushed and broken sewage dropped from the crusher 4, a sewage transfer pump 6 for sucking up the sewage in the sewage storage tank 5, A sediment separator 7 that receives the residue from the transfer pump 6 and separates the water contained therein, and a dewatering device that dehydrates the residue separated by the residue separator 7 and sends it to the next step. 8 and so on.

[0003]

By the way, the crusher 4 provided in the residue processing system 1 described above has the following problems. That is, this crusher 4
The hopper 8 is generally composed of a hopper 8 for receiving the sewage dropped from the sewage unloading machine 3 and a crusher main body 9 for inviting the sewage discharged from the hopper 8 to crush and decompose therein. There is a problem that the residue may be clogged in the hopper 8 and the crusher 4 may not operate normally.

[0004] This problem will be described in detail.
As shown in FIG. 5, the hopper 8 has a cylindrical shape tapering from the upper end to the lower end.
Is compressed and hardened while heading toward the discharge port 8b formed at the lower end of the hard disk, forming a hard bridge indicated by reference numeral 10a in FIG. If such a bridge 10a is formed in the hopper 8, the transfer of the proper residue from the discharge port 8b to the crusher main body 9 is impeded, the crusher main body 9 idles, and the hopper 8 has an inlet 8a. Mustard residue will overflow. Therefore,
The formation prevention of such a bridge 10a or the bridge 1
Conventionally, in order to perform destruction of Oa, the residue 10 in the hopper 8 is periodically stirred with a stirring rod (not shown), or an object is dropped on the residue 10 in the hopper 8 to bridge 10a. And other measures have been taken. However, all of these are manual operations, which are troublesome and require the operation of the crusher main body 9 to be interrupted, causing a problem that the operation rate of the residue processing system 1 is significantly reduced.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and has as its object to provide a hopper capable of preventing clogging due to bridge formation, a crusher provided with the hopper, and a method for preventing clogging of the hopper.

[0006]

Means for Solving the Problems A hopper, a crusher equipped with the hopper and a method for preventing clogging of the hopper according to the present invention employ the following means to solve the above-mentioned problems. That is, the hopper according to claim 1 is provided with a side wall surrounding the charging flow path, a charging port is formed at an upper portion thereof, and a discharge port is formed at a lower portion, and the input material charged into the charging port is guided to the discharge port. In the discharge hopper, the side wall is provided with a nozzle for applying a lateral pressure to the input material in the input flow path and ejecting a fluid for breaking the pressure. According to the hopper according to the first aspect, the input material falling in the input flow path is softened by being collapsed by receiving the fluid pressure ejected from the nozzle, and thus does not harden to form a bridge. .

In the hopper according to the second aspect, in the hopper according to the first aspect, the nozzle can adjust the ejection angle of the fluid in a range of 0 to 40 degrees from a horizontal direction to an obliquely upward direction. It is characterized by being. Claim 2
According to the described hopper, by appropriately adjusting the mounting angle of the nozzle with respect to the side wall of the hopper, it is possible to apply fluid pressure from an effective spray angle to a bridge formed in the hopper.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the hopper according to the first or second aspect, a plurality of the nozzles are arranged along the side wall so as to face each other. According to the hopper of the third aspect,
Fluid pressure can be applied to the input material in the hopper so as to be sandwiched by the fluid ejected from between the opposed nozzles.

The hopper according to claim 4 is the hopper according to claims 1-3.
In the hopper according to any one of the above, stagnant detection means for detecting the stagnation of the input material in the input flow path or a precursor thereof, and start or stop the injection of the fluid based on a signal from the stagnation detection means And a control means for causing According to the hopper of the fourth aspect, the stagnation detecting means determines that there is a risk of clogging of the input flow channel due to bridge formation when detecting the stagnation of the input material or the precursor thereof in the input flow channel. To start fluid ejection from the nozzle. Then, when there is no accumulation of the input material or a precursor thereof in the input flow path, an instruction to stop the fluid ejection from the nozzle is issued.

[0010] The hopper according to claim 5 is the hopper according to claims 1-4.
In the hopper according to any one of the above, the vertical height position of the nozzle is 1/5 to 1/5 of the height dimension of the hopper.
The height position is within a range of 1/2. According to the hopper according to the fifth aspect, a position where a bridge is likely to be generated in the height direction in the hopper is a height portion within a range of 1/5 to 1/2 of the height dimension of the hopper. By arranging the nozzle at the same height position as this part, the distance between the bridge and the nozzle is shortened so that strong fluid pressure can be applied to the bridge, and the bridge can be more effectively destroyed .

A crusher according to a sixth aspect of the present invention is provided in a plant facility such as a sewage treatment facility and crushes and decomposes an input material supplied to a supply port. Wherein the hopper is connected to the hopper. According to the crusher according to the sixth aspect, the same operation as the operation according to any one of the first to fifth aspects can be obtained.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for preventing clogging of a hopper, comprising: a side wall surrounding a charging flow path;
A discharge port is formed at a lower portion, a method for preventing clogging of a hopper that guides the input material discharged to the input port to the discharge port and discharges the same, with respect to the input material in the hopper, It is characterized by ejecting a fluid for applying side pressure and breaking it. According to the method for preventing clogging of the hopper according to the seventh aspect, since the input material falling in the input flow path is softened by being collapsed by receiving the ejected fluid pressure, it hardens to form a bridge. Nothing.

According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for preventing clogging of a hopper according to the seventh aspect, wherein the injection of the fluid is performed by a bridge formed below the input material in the hopper. It is characterized in that it is performed toward the lower central part. According to the method for preventing clogging of the hopper according to the eighth aspect, since the bridge is usually the main lower part in order to maintain its shape, the fluid injection is concentrated on the lower center part. , It is possible to break the entire bridge very effectively.

In a hopper clogging prevention method according to a ninth aspect, in the hopper clogging prevention method according to the seventh or eighth aspect, the injection start position of the fluid on the side wall is one of the height dimension of the hopper. At a height position in the range of ５〜 to １ ／, and the ejection angle of the fluid is between 0 ° and 40 ° from the horizontal direction to the obliquely upward direction. According to the method for preventing clogging of the hopper according to the ninth aspect, the position where the bridge is likely to be generated in the height direction in the hopper is a height within a range of 1/5 to 1/2 of the height dimension of the hopper. Because it is a part, it is possible to apply a strong fluid pressure to the bridge by shortening the distance to the bridge by positioning the fluid ejection port at the same height position as this part, and it is possible to break the bridge more effectively become able to. Further, by appropriately adjusting the ejection angle of the fluid, the fluid pressure can be applied from the effective ejection angle to the bridge formed in the hopper.

[0015]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of a hopper, a crusher provided with the hopper and a method for preventing clogging of the hopper according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. However, it is needless to say that the present invention is not limited to this. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a residue processing system having a hopper of the present invention and a crusher provided with the hopper, and is a system flow diagram. FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the hopper and a crusher provided with the hopper. FIG. 3 shows the same hopper as BB in FIG.
It is sectional drawing seen from the line side. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a main part of the hopper, and is an enlarged view of a portion C in FIG. FIG. 5 is a plan sectional view of the hopper as viewed from the side of line DD in FIG. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a modified example of a main part of the hopper, and is an enlarged view of a portion corresponding to a portion C in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 1, a sewage treatment system 11 according to the present embodiment includes a plurality of dust removers 12, a sewage discharge device 13 that carries out the sewage that has passed through the dust removers 12, and a sewage removal device 13. Crusher 14 that crushes and decomposes residue dropped from unloader 13
A sediment storage tank 15 for temporarily storing the crushed and broken sewage dropped from the crusher 14; a sewage transfer pump 16 for sucking up the sewage in the sewage storage tank 15; A sediment separator 17 for receiving the sediment from the transfer pump 16 and separating the water contained therein, and a sediment dehydrator for dewatering the sediment separated by the sediment separator 17 and sending it to the next step 18 and the like.

As shown in FIG. 2, the crusher 14 comprises a crusher main body 19 and a hopper 20 connected to a supply port 19a of the crusher main body 19. The crusher main body 19 shown in the figure has a cylindrical casing 19b.
While rotating inside the casing 19b, a screw 19d that crushes and decomposes a residue (not shown), which is an input material in the casing 19b, and sends it to the discharge port 19c, and rotationally drives the screw 19d. This is a single-shaft type crusher equipped with a motor 19e. However, the crusher body 19
The crusher is not limited to a single-shaft type, and other types of crushers, such as a twin-shaft type, can be used.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the hopper 20 includes a hopper body 22 having an input flow path 21 through which the residue M flows down, and pressurized water W (fluid) is supplied to the residue M in the hopper body 22. ), And an operation control device (not shown) that operates the pressure water supply device 23 according to the state in the input flow path 21. The hopper body 22 has side walls 24 and 25, and an input port 26 is formed at an upper portion thereof, and a discharge port 27 is formed at a lower portion thereof. The charging flow path 21 is a flow path having four sides of an inverted trapezoidal shape formed by surrounding four sides by side walls 24 and 25, and has a rectangular shape when viewed in plan. . That is, when the charging flow path 21 is viewed in a plan view, the flow path cross section is expanded so as to temporarily increase from the discharge port 27 to the charging port 26, so that the residue M is easily received. By having such a shape, the hopper 20 guides the residue M input into the input port 26 to the discharge port 27 along the input flow path 21 and supplies the residue M from the crusher main body 19 therefrom. It can be supplied to the mouth 19a. Each side wall 24 is connected to each nozzle 28a, which will be described later.
Through hole 24a for passing pressure water W injected from nozzle 8a
Are formed at the same height at equal intervals at four locations (a total of eight locations).

The pressurized water supply device 23 includes a pressurized water supply source (not shown) for compressing water to a high pressure and supplying the same as the pressurized water W, and a pressure receiving the supply of the pressurized water W from the pressurized water supply source. A water supply pipe 28, and a nozzle 28a provided at the end of the pressure water supply pipe 28, which breaks the residue M by injecting the pressure water W to the residue M in the input flow path 21 and applying a side pressure. ing. Four pressure water supply pipes 28 (eight in total) are arranged along the wall surface of each side wall 24 such that the nozzles 28a face each other in a one-to-one set (these pressure water supply pipes 28). The manifold 28b shown in FIG. 2 is connected to the end opposite to the side where the nozzle 28a is provided.) When viewed from above, the nozzles 28a are arranged at regular intervals from each other.
When these are viewed from the side, the height position H1 of each nozzle 28a is about １ ／ of the height dimension H2 of the hopper body 22.
Proximity (here, 近 傍 proximity refers to a height position H1 within a range of １ ／ to の of the height dimension H2 of the hopper body 22)
Is shown. ). The reason why the nozzles 28a are provided at such a height position H1 is that the nozzles 28a are arranged at positions where the bridges B are easily generated in the vertical height direction in the hopper body 22, so that the bridges B and the nozzles Close the distance to 28a and increase the strong water pressure to bridge B
In addition to this, the bridge B can be more effectively destroyed.

As shown in FIG. 3, each nozzle 28a
Adjusts the angle of each pressure water supply pipe 28 with respect to the outer wall surface of the side wall 24 to adjust the injection angle θ of the pressure water W from 0 ° to 40 ° from the horizontal direction to the obliquely upward direction. It is possible to do. In general, bridge B is
When viewed from the cross section shown in the figure, since the pressure water W has an arch shape, if the injection angle θ of the pressure water W is set to an angle lower than the horizontal direction (0 ° or less), only the end of the arch will And the lateral pressure for breaking the bridge B cannot be sufficiently applied. On the other hand, when the injection angle θ of the pressure water W is set to an angle larger than 40 degrees from the horizontal direction, similarly, only the end of the arch has the pressure water W.
And the problem that the lateral pressure for breaking the bridge B cannot be sufficiently applied and the residue M is caused to flow backward and blow out from the inlet 26 of the hopper body 22 to the outside. Become. For this reason, the adjustment range of the injection angle θ of the pressure water W is set to be between 0 degrees and 40 degrees between the horizontal direction and the obliquely upward direction, and the injection angle θ is suitable for breaking the bridge B. The direction of each nozzle 28a can be adjusted. Normally, the bridge B is required to maintain its shape at the lower central portion shown in FIG. 3, so that the injection angle θ is adjusted to concentrate on the lower central portion, particularly the lower end portion P. The injection of the pressure water W is preferable because the entire bridge can be broken very effectively.

As shown in FIG. 4, each of the through holes 24a formed in each of the side walls 24 is provided with a corresponding one of the nozzles 28a so as not to obstruct the pressurized water W jetted from each of the nozzles 28a. It has a truncated cone shape extending from the outer wall surface side toward the inner wall surface side where the input flow path 21 is formed. Into the through holes 24a, nozzles 28a connected to the tips of the pressure water supply pipes 28 are inserted. Between the outer periphery of the nozzles 28a and the through holes 24a, for example, an elastic material such as rubber is provided. Body sealing member 2
9 are provided. Therefore, each nozzle 28a
The injection angle θ can be adjusted up and down in a state where the tip portion is located in each through hole 24a,
Further, the residue M in the input flow path 21 can be prevented from leaking outside through each through hole 24a.

Each of the pressure water supply pipes 28 has a configuration capable of adjusting not only the angle in the vertical direction but also the injection angle of the pressure water W in the horizontal direction in addition to the vertical direction, for example, as shown in FIG. Is also good. In this case, it is preferable that the horizontal ejection angle range of each nozzle 28a be an angle range in which the ejection range WE partially overlaps between the adjacent nozzles 28a. Thereby, even in the horizontal plane direction, lateral pressure can be applied to the bridge B by spraying the pressure water W, and the bridge B can be broken more effectively. The means for adjusting the injection angle in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction of each pressure water supply pipe 28 may be manual, but it is more convenient to use an automatic adjustment type using a motor or the like because it does not require human intervention. preferable.

The tip shape of the nozzle 28a and the sealing mechanism between the side wall 24 and the nozzle 28a shown in FIG. 4 are merely examples, and the adjustment of the spray angle θ and the prevention of the leakage of the residue M from each through hole 24a are performed. Any other configuration as shown in FIG. 6, for example, can be adopted. Referring to FIG. 6, an inlet (not shown) for receiving the pressure water W from the pressure water supply source is formed at one end, and a cylindrical pipe 30 whose other end is closed is formed through each of the side walls 24. A structure in which a nozzle 30a for spraying the internal pressure water W is formed at a position corresponding to each through hole 24a on the wall surface on the side facing the side wall 24 of the pipe 30 provided along the hole 24a. It has become. Further, the pipe 30 is rotatable around its axis as shown in FIG.
Of the injection angle θ from the horizontal direction to the obliquely upward direction.
It is possible to adjust between degrees and 40 degrees. A seal mechanism (not shown) is provided between the outer peripheral surface of the pipe 30 and the outer wall surface of the side wall 24, and the residue M in the charging flow path 21 causes the contact between each through hole 24 a and the pipe 30. It is configured to be able to prevent leakage to the outside through the gap between the parts.

The operation control device includes a stagnation detecting means for detecting stagnation of the sediment M in the charging flow path 21 or a precursor thereof (ie, occurrence of the bridge B or a precursor thereof), Nozzle 28 based on the signal of
a is provided with control means for starting or stopping the injection of the pressure water W (not shown). As the stay detecting means, for example, the following (1) to (4) are conceivable, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and other configurations may be adopted.

(1) Stagnation detection means using electrode rods: A vertically long electrode rod is inserted into the input flow path 21 in the hopper body 22, and the output thereof is used to output the hopper body 22.
The level of the residue M in the inside is detected. And the residue M
When the level exceeds a certain level, a signal for transmitting the level is transmitted to the control means, and the pressure water W from each nozzle 28a is transmitted.
To start injection. (2) Retention detecting means by infrared rays: detecting the level of scum M in the hopper body 22 by infrared rays, and transmitting a signal to the control means when the scum M exceeds a certain level, to the control means. Then, the injection of the pressure water W from each nozzle 28a is started. (3) Stagnation detection means by output torque: When the output torque of the crusher main body 19 decreases to a certain level within the operation time, a bridge B is generated and the residue M does not reach the crusher main body 19 and stops. Judgment is made and a signal for transmitting this is transmitted to the control means, and the injection of the pressure water W from each nozzle 28a is started. (4) Stagnation detection means using a timer: At predetermined time intervals set in the timer, the injection of the pressurized water W from each nozzle 28a is periodically performed through the control means during the operation time.

The operation of the crusher 14 having the hopper 20 having the above-described configuration will be described below.
The method for preventing clogging is also described below. The residue M dropped from the residue discharge machine 14 is introduced into the input port 26 of the hopper body 22 and flows down to the discharge port 27 along the input flow path 21. In the process of flowing down in the charging flow path 21, when a sign that the residue M is likely to form the bridge B occurs, this is detected by the stagnation detecting means, and a signal indicating that the bridge B may be generated is sent to the control means. Sent to

The control means having received the signal permits the supply of the pressurized water W toward each nozzle 28a, and applies a side pressure to the residue M in the charging flow path 21 from each nozzle 28a. Of the pressure water W for breaking the pressure is performed. The injected pressure water W softens the residue M and breaks and breaks the residue M by the water pressure. The residue M finely crushed and decomposed in this way is led to the discharge port 27 soon after forming the bridge B, and is introduced into the supply port 19a of the crusher main body 19 located therebelow. And
The residue M charged into the crusher main body 19 is sent out to the discharge port 19c while being crushed and decomposed by the rotation of the screw 19b, and is finally dropped into the residue storage tank 15. Note that the injection angle θ of the pressure water W may be fixed at a fixed angle, or may be configured to swing within the respective angle ranges.

The hopper 20 and the hopper 2 described above
The effects of the method for preventing clogging of the crusher 14 and the hopper 20 with 0 are summarized below. That is, according to the hopper 20 and the method for preventing clogging of the hopper 20 according to the present embodiment, each nozzle which injects the pressure water W for applying the side pressure to the residue M in the charging flow path 21 and breaking the same is applied to the side wall 24. By adopting the configuration provided with 28a, the residue M falling in the input flow path 21 is broken by receiving the water pressure of the pressure water W injected from each nozzle 28a, and is hardened to form the bridge B. Since there is no formation, clogging in the hopper body 22 due to formation of the bridge B can be prevented. In addition, since a simple configuration of only injecting the pressure water W to the residue M inside the hopper body 22 is sufficient,
For example, as compared with the case where a stirring bar or the like is provided in the hopper, the structure of the apparatus is not complicated, and measures can be taken at low cost.

Further, according to the hopper 20 of the present embodiment, each nozzle 28a can adjust the injection angle θ of the pressure water W from 0 degrees to 40 degrees from the horizontal direction to the obliquely upward direction. With this configuration, the direction of each nozzle 28a can be adjusted to an injection angle θ suitable for breaking the bridge B.

According to the hopper 20 of the present embodiment, a plurality of nozzles 28a are arranged along the side wall 24 of the hopper body 22 so as to face each other. Since water pressure can be applied to the residue M so as to be sandwiched by the pressure water W injected from each of the opposed nozzles 28a, a synergistic effect is generated by the collision of the water pressures of the two via the bridge B. This makes it possible to prevent the formation of the bridge B by breaking the residue M more effectively.

Further, the hopper 20 of the present embodiment includes the stagnation detecting means for detecting the stagnation of the residue M in the charging flow path 21 or the precursor thereof, and the nozzles 28a based on the signal from the stagnation detecting means. And a control unit for starting or stopping the injection of the pressure water W. According to this configuration, each nozzle 28a injects the pressure water W only when the precursor of the bridge B is generated or only when the bridge B is formed. Costs can be reduced.

In the hopper 20 of the present embodiment, the height position H1 of each nozzle 28a is set to a height position within a range of 1/5 to 1/2 of the height dimension H2 of the hopper body 22.
The position at which the bridge B is likely to occur in the height direction in the hopper body 22 depends on the shape and size of the hopper, but is approximately 1/5 to 1 times the height of the hopper body 22.
Since the height position is within the range of / 2, by disposing each nozzle 28a at the same height position, the distance between the bridge B and each nozzle 28a is shortened and a strong water pressure is applied, so that more effective The bridge B can be destroyed.

Further, according to the method for preventing clogging of the hopper 20 of the present embodiment, the bridge B concentrates on the lower central portion, which is necessary for maintaining its shape, and the injection of the pressure water W is applied to break it. When the method is adopted, it is possible to break the entire bridge B very effectively.

In the above embodiment, each nozzle 2
The fluid jetted from 8a toward the residue M is the pressurized water W. However, the fluid is not limited to this, and may be appropriately changed according to the input material flowing down in the input channel 21 such as high-pressure air. Also,
In the above embodiment, the hopper body 22 has a substantially inverted trapezoidal shape, but the present invention is not limited to this, and other shapes such as an inverted truncated cone shape may be adopted. In the above embodiment, the hopper 20 is connected to the crusher 19 for use. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the hopper 20 may be used in combination with another plant machine such as a belt conveyor.

In the above embodiment, each nozzle 2
8a is provided only on the side wall 24 of the side walls 24 and 25, but is not limited thereto, and may be provided on both the side walls 24 and 25. Further, each of the opposed side walls 24
Each of the nozzles 28a is provided in both of them. However, the present invention is not limited to this. Further, in the above-described embodiment, each of the pressure water supply pipes 28 has a configuration in which the nozzles 28a are arranged so as to be opposed to each other in a one-to-one pair. A state of inconsistency (that is, a state in which the nozzles 28a provided on the side wall 24 on one side face between the nozzles 28a provided on the side wall 24 on the other side) is between the walls 24. Alternatively, a configuration in which the pressure water supply pipes 28 are alternately arranged may be adopted.

[0036]

According to the hopper according to the first aspect of the present invention, a configuration is adopted in which a nozzle is provided on the side wall of the hopper for applying a lateral pressure to the input material in the input flow path and jetting a fluid for breaking the pressure. As a result, the input material falling in the input flow path is broken by receiving the fluid pressure ejected from the nozzle, and does not harden to form a bridge. This can be prevented. In addition, since a simple structure that only injects fluid to the input material in the hopper is sufficient, the structure of the apparatus is not complicated and measures can be taken inexpensively as compared with, for example, the case where a stirring rod or the like is provided in the hopper. Can be taken.

According to the hopper of the second aspect,
The nozzle has a configuration in which the fluid ejection angle can be adjusted between 0 degrees and 40 degrees between the horizontal direction and the obliquely upward direction, so that the nozzle direction is adjusted to a fluid ejection angle suitable for breaking the bridge. It can be adjusted.

According to the hopper of the third aspect,
By adopting a configuration in which a plurality of nozzles are arranged along the side wall of the hopper so as to face each other, fluid pressure is applied to the input material in the hopper so as to be sandwiched by the fluid ejected from the nozzles facing each other. Since they can be added, a synergistic effect is produced by the two fluid pressures colliding with each other via the bridge, and it is possible to more effectively disrupt the input material and prevent the formation of the bridge.

The hopper according to claim 4 of the present invention is characterized in that a stagnant detecting means for detecting a stagnation of the input material in the charging flow path or a precursor thereof, and ejects a fluid based on a signal from the stagnation detecting means. And a control means for starting or stopping the operation. According to this configuration, the nozzle ejects the fluid only when the precursor of the bridge formation occurs or only at the time of the bridge formation. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the operation cost as compared with the configuration in which the fluid is continuously ejected.

In the hopper according to the fifth aspect, the height position of the nozzle in the vertical direction is set to 1/5 of the height size of the hopper.
The height position was within a range of 1/2. The position where the bridge is likely to be generated in the height direction in the hopper depends on the shape and size of the hopper, but is approximately a height position within a range of 1/5 to 1/2 of the height of the hopper. So, by arranging the nozzle at the same height position,
The distance between the bridge and the nozzle is shortened to apply a strong fluid pressure, so that the bridge can be more effectively broken.

The crusher according to claim 6 employs a configuration in which the hopper according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is connected to a supply port thereof. According to this configuration, it is possible to obtain the same effect as the effect described in any one of the first to fifth aspects.

According to the method for preventing clogging of a hopper according to claim 7 of the present invention, a method of applying a lateral pressure to a charge in a hopper and injecting a fluid for breaking the charge is adopted. Since the input material falling in the input channel is broken by receiving the ejected fluid pressure and does not harden to form a bridge, it is possible to prevent clogging in the hopper due to bridge formation. Become. Moreover,
Since a simple structure that only injects a fluid to the input material inside the hopper is sufficient, the structure of the apparatus is not complicated as compared with, for example, a case where a stirring bar or the like is provided in the hopper, and measures are inexpensively taken. It becomes possible.

The method for preventing clogging of the hopper according to the eighth aspect of the present invention employs a method in which the fluid is sprayed toward a central lower portion of a bridge formed below the input material in the hopper. Usually, the central part of the bridge to maintain its shape is the central lower part, so that the entire bridge is extremely effectively collapsed by applying a fluid jet to concentrate on the central lower part and breaking it. Becomes possible.

In the method for preventing clogging of a hopper according to a ninth aspect of the present invention, the position at which the injection of the fluid on the side wall is started is within a range of 1/5 to 1/2 of the height of the hopper. A method was adopted in which the ejection angle of the fluid was between 0 degrees and 40 degrees from the horizontal direction to the obliquely upward direction. According to this prevention method, the distance to the bridge is reduced so that a strong fluid pressure can be applied to the bridge, and the bridge can be more effectively broken. Furthermore, by appropriately adjusting the ejection angle of the fluid, it is possible to apply the fluid pressure from the effective ejection angle to the bridge formed in the hopper.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a slag treatment system having a hopper of the present invention and a crusher provided with the hopper, and is a system flow diagram.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the hopper and a crusher provided with the hopper.

FIG. 3 is a view showing the hopper, and is a sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. 1;
It is sectional drawing seen from the line side.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a main part of the hopper, and is an enlarged view of a portion C in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a view showing the hopper, and is a view showing DD in FIG. 3;
It is the plane sectional view seen from the line side.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a modification of a main part of the hopper, and is an enlarged view of a portion corresponding to a portion C in FIG. 3;

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a sewage treatment system having a conventional crusher provided with a hopper, and is a system flow diagram.

8 is a cross-sectional view of the hopper of the crusher as viewed from the line AA in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 11 ... slag treatment system (plant equipment) 19 ... crusher 19a ... supply port 20 ... hopper 21 ... input flow path 24, 25 ... side wall 26 ... input port 27 ··· Outlet 28a ··· Nozzle B ··· Bridge M · ··· Residue (input) P · · · Lower central part W · · · Pressurized water (fluid) · · · Spray angle

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page F term (reference) 3E070 AA19 AB08 AB40 FA06 GA04 GA20 VA17 3F075 AA10 BA01 BB01 CA02 CA09 DA13 3F078 AA10 EA01 EA11 4D065 CA05 CB07 CC01 DD16 EB20 ED06

Claims (9)

[Claims] 1. A hopper which has a side wall surrounding an input flow path, an input port is formed at an upper portion thereof, and a discharge port is formed at a lower portion thereof, and a hopper which guides and discharges the input material supplied to the input port to the discharge port, A hopper, wherein the side wall is provided with a nozzle for applying a lateral pressure to the input material in the input flow path and ejecting a fluid for breaking the input pressure. 2. The hopper according to claim 1, wherein the nozzle is capable of adjusting an ejection angle of the fluid from 0 to 40 degrees from a horizontal direction to an obliquely upward direction. Hopper to do. 3. The hopper according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of nozzles are arranged along the side wall so as to face each other. 4. The hopper according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a stagnation detecting means for detecting stagnation of the input material in the charging flow path or a precursor thereof, and a signal from the stagnation detecting means. Control means for starting or stopping the injection of the fluid based on the hopper. 5. The hopper according to claim 1, wherein the height of the nozzle in the vertical direction is within a range of １ ／ to の of a height of the hopper. A hopper, characterized in that: 6. A crusher provided in a plant facility such as a sewage treatment facility, which crushes and decomposes an input material supplied to a supply port, wherein the supply port has a hopper according to any one of claims 1 to 5. A crusher, characterized in that a crusher is connected. 7. A hopper which has a side wall surrounding an input flow path, an input port formed at an upper portion thereof, and a discharge port formed at a lower portion thereof, and a hopper which guides and discharges the input material supplied to the input port to the discharge port. A method for preventing clogging, wherein a lateral pressure is applied to the input material in the hopper to eject a fluid for breaking the material, thereby preventing clogging of the hopper. 8. The method for preventing clogging of a hopper according to claim 7, wherein the ejection of the fluid is performed toward a central lower portion of a bridge formed below the input material in the hopper. Hopper clogging prevention method. 9. The method for preventing clogging of a hopper according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the position at which the fluid starts to be ejected on the side wall is a height within a range of １ ／ to の of a height of the hopper. The method for preventing clogging of a hopper, wherein the ejection angle of the fluid is between 0 degree and 40 degrees from a horizontal direction to an obliquely upward direction.